materi3 pti2014
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
Pengantar Teknologi Pengantar Teknologi InformasiInformasi
Materi 3Materi 3Perangkat Komputer: Memahami Perangkat Komputer: Memahami
Bagian & KomponenKomputerBagian & KomponenKomputer
Semester Gasal TA.2014/2015Semester Gasal TA.2014/2015
![Page 2: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Sub Pokok BahasanSub Pokok Bahasan
• Fungsi komputerFungsi komputer
• Data versus informasiData versus informasi
• Bits dan bytesBits dan bytes
• Perangkat InputPerangkat Input
• Perangkat OutputPerangkat Output
• Satuan SistemSatuan Sistem
• ErgonomikErgonomik
![Page 3: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Komputer mrpk Komputer mrpk perangkat pengolahan dataperangkat pengolahan data
• 4 fungsi utama komputer :4 fungsi utama komputer :– Mengumpulkan data (pengguna menginput Mengumpulkan data (pengguna menginput
data)data)– Memproses data mejadi informasiMemproses data mejadi informasi– Menghasilkan data atau informasiMenghasilkan data atau informasi– Menyimpan data dan informasiMenyimpan data dan informasi
![Page 4: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Data vs. InformasiData vs. Informasi
• Data: Meeepresentasi fakta atau ideaData: Meeepresentasi fakta atau idea
• Informasi: terorgaInformasi: terorganinisir, data ygn bermaknasir, data ygn bermakna
![Page 5: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Bits and Bytes: Bits and Bytes: The Language of ComputersThe Language of Computers
• Bit– Binary digit– 0 or 1
• Byte– Delapan bits
• Masing huruf, bilangan, dan karakter = a string of eight 0s and 1s
![Page 6: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
How Much Is a Byte?How Much Is a Byte?
![Page 7: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Software KomputerSoftware Komputer
• Software: Software: Program yang memungkin-Program yang memungkin-kan perangkat keras untuk melakukan kan perangkat keras untuk melakukan tugas yang berbedatugas yang berbeda– Software aplikasiSoftware aplikasi– Software sistemSoftware sistem
![Page 8: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Hardware Komputer Hardware Komputer
![Page 9: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Perangkat InputPerangkat Input• Perangkat yang digunakan untuk Perangkat yang digunakan untuk
memasukkan informasi atau instruksi memasukkan informasi atau instruksi ke dalam komputerke dalam komputer
– KeyboardKeyboard– Mouse/pointing deviceMouse/pointing device– Microphone Microphone – ScannerScanner– Digital cameraDigital camera– StylusStylus
![Page 10: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
KeyboardsKeyboards
• The QWERTY layout The QWERTY layout is standard on most is standard on most PCsPCs
• Enhanced keyboard Enhanced keyboard features include features include number, function, and number, function, and navigation keys.navigation keys.
![Page 11: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Dvorak KeyboardsDvorak Keyboards
• Puts the most commonly used keys on “home keys”Puts the most commonly used keys on “home keys”• Reduces distance of finger stretchesReduces distance of finger stretches
![Page 12: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
Specialty KeyboardsSpecialty Keyboards• Notebook keyboardNotebook keyboard• PDA stylusPDA stylus• Tablet PCsTablet PCs• Wireless keyboardWireless keyboard
![Page 13: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Mice / TetikusMice / Tetikus• Optical mouseOptical mouse
– Needs no mouse padNeeds no mouse pad– Doesn’t need cleaningDoesn’t need cleaning– Is more expensiveIs more expensive
• TrackballTrackball– Easier on wristsEasier on wrists– Stays stationary on deskStays stationary on desk
• Wireless Wireless – Use radio or light wavesUse radio or light waves
![Page 14: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
New Mouse FeaturesNew Mouse Features• Instant viewerInstant viewer
• MagnifierMagnifier
• Customizable Customizable buttonsbuttons
• Web searchWeb search
![Page 15: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Perangkat Input LainnyaPerangkat Input Lainnya• ScannersScanners
– TextText– Images Images
• Digital camerasDigital cameras– Images Images – Video Video
Flatbed scanner
Handheld scanner
Digital camera
Camcorder
![Page 16: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
• EPOS Digital PenEPOS Digital Pen
• Web CamWeb Cam– Live videoLive video
![Page 17: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Inputting SoundInputting Sound• Mikropon digunakan Mikropon digunakan
untuk:untuk:– PodcastsPodcasts– Video-conferencingVideo-conferencing– Internet phone callsInternet phone calls– Speech recognition Speech recognition
![Page 18: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Input Devices for the Input Devices for the Physically ChallengedPhysically Challenged
• Visual impairmentsVisual impairments– Voice recognitionVoice recognition– Keyboards with large keysKeyboards with large keys– On-screen keyboardsOn-screen keyboards
• Motor control issuesMotor control issues– Special trackballsSpecial trackballs– Head-mounted devicesHead-mounted devices
![Page 19: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
Perangkat OutputPerangkat Output
• Kirim data diproses keluar dari komputerKirim data diproses keluar dari komputer– MonitorsMonitors– PrintersPrinters
• Perangkat Output membuat :Perangkat Output membuat :– Soft copies (video, sounds, control signals)Soft copies (video, sounds, control signals)– Hard copies (print)Hard copies (print)
![Page 20: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
Tipe MonitorTipe Monitor• CRT CRT Cathode Ray TubCathode Ray Tub • LCD LCD Liquid Crystal DisplayLiquid Crystal Display
• Rollback MonitorRollback Monitor
![Page 21: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Video Output LainnyaVideo Output Lainnya
• Touch-screen monitorsTouch-screen monitors– Double as both input and output devicesDouble as both input and output devices
• Data projectors Data projectors – Project a computer image to a large screen Project a computer image to a large screen
for sharing with large groupsfor sharing with large groups
![Page 22: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Printers Printers
• Impact printersImpact printers– Dot-matrixDot-matrix
• Nonimpact printersNonimpact printers– InkjetInkjet– Laser Laser
• Specialty printersSpecialty printers– MultifunctionMultifunction– PlottersPlotters– Thermal printersThermal printers
![Page 23: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Nonimpact PrintersNonimpact Printers
• InkjetInkjet– Less expensive deviceLess expensive device– Print high-quality color
images cost effectively • LaserLaser– More expensive deviceMore expensive device– Faster printing speedFaster printing speed– Less expensive per page Less expensive per page
in B&Win B&W– Color lasers are Color lasers are
becoming less expensivebecoming less expensive
![Page 24: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
Choosing a PrinterChoosing a Printer
• Speed (ppm)Speed (ppm)
• Resolution (dpi)Resolution (dpi)
• Color outputColor output
• MemoryMemory
• Use and costUse and cost
• Cost of consumablesCost of consumables
![Page 25: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
Outputting SoundOutputting Sound
• Speakers and headphonesSpeakers and headphones
![Page 26: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
Unit SystemUnit System
• Box that contains the central electronic components of the computer::– CPU/RAM/CPU/RAM/
motherboardmotherboard– Expansion cardsExpansion cards– Power supplyPower supply– Storage devicesStorage devices
![Page 27: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
The Front PanelThe Front Panel
• Power controlPower control• Drive baysDrive bays• Memory card Memory card
readerreader• Productivity Productivity
portsports
![Page 28: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Power ControlsPower Controls
• Power-on button: Turns on system, should not be used to turn it off
• Other options: – Sleep modeSleep mode– HibernationHibernation– Warm bootWarm boot
![Page 29: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
Drive BaysDrive Bays
• Internal drive bays:Internal drive bays:– Cannot be access from outside the systemCannot be access from outside the system– Reserved for internal hard drivesReserved for internal hard drives
• External drive bays:External drive bays:– Can be accessed from outside the systemCan be accessed from outside the system– CD or DVD drivesCD or DVD drives– Floppy and Zip drivesFloppy and Zip drives
![Page 30: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Hard Disk DriveHard Disk Drive
• Permanent (nonvolatile) storagePermanent (nonvolatile) storage
• Internal or external versionsInternal or external versions
![Page 31: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
Flash Drives/Flash MemoryFlash Drives/Flash Memory
• Flash drives Flash drives (jump drives)(jump drives)– Newer storage Newer storage
alternativealternative– Plug into USB Plug into USB
portsports
• Flash memory Flash memory cardscards– Slide into slots in Slide into slots in
the systemthe system
![Page 32: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
Storage Media CapabilitiesStorage Media Capabilities
![Page 33: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
Bagian belakang Komputer Bagian belakang Komputer Desktop Desktop
• Ports for peripheralsPorts for peripherals• Types of ports:Types of ports:
– Serial and parallelSerial and parallel– Audio and videoAudio and video– USBUSB– FireWireFireWire– ConnectivityConnectivity
• EthernetEthernet• ModemModem
![Page 34: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34
Bagian dalam unit sistemBagian dalam unit sistem
• Essential Essential electronic electronic components used components used to process datato process data
• Types of Types of components:components:– Power supplyPower supply– Hard disk driveHard disk drive– MotherboardMotherboard– CPUCPU– Expansion cardsExpansion cards
![Page 35: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
35
MotherboardMotherboard
• CPUCPU
• RAMRAM
• Expansion Expansion cards and cards and slotsslots
• Built-in Built-in componentscomponents
![Page 36: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36
Central Processing Unit (CPU)Central Processing Unit (CPU)• Referred to as the “brains” of the computerReferred to as the “brains” of the computer• Controls all functions of the computerControls all functions of the computer• Processes all commands and instructionsProcesses all commands and instructions• Can perform billions of tasks per second Can perform billions of tasks per second
![Page 37: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
37
Memory ModuleMemory Module
• Random access memory (RAM)Random access memory (RAM)
• Stores instructions and dataStores instructions and data
• Temporary (volatile) storageTemporary (volatile) storage
• Operates in nanosecondsOperates in nanoseconds
![Page 38: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
38
Expansion CardsExpansion Cards
• Add functionsAdd functions
• Provide new connections for peripheral Provide new connections for peripheral devicesdevices
• Common types:Common types:– SoundSound– ModemModem– Video (VGA)Video (VGA)– Network (NIC)Network (NIC)
![Page 39: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
39
Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions
• What exactly is a computer, and what are What exactly is a computer, and what are its four main functions? its four main functions?
![Page 40: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
40
Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions
• What is the difference between data and What is the difference between data and information?information?
![Page 41: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
41
Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions
• What are bits and bytes, and how are they What are bits and bytes, and how are they measured? measured?
![Page 42: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
42
Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions
• What devices do you use to get data into What devices do you use to get data into the computer?the computer?
![Page 43: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
43
Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions
• What devices do you use to get What devices do you use to get information out of the computer?information out of the computer?
![Page 44: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44
Summary QuestionsSummary Questions
• What’s on the front of your system unit?What’s on the front of your system unit?
![Page 45: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
45
Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions
• What’s on the back of your system unit?What’s on the back of your system unit?
![Page 46: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
46
Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions
• What’s inside your system unit?What’s inside your system unit?
![Page 47: Materi3 pti2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062420/55c13510bb61eb793e8b46fe/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
47
Chapter 2 Summary QuestionsChapter 2 Summary Questions
• How do you set up your computer to avoid How do you set up your computer to avoid strain and injury?strain and injury?