mayo, 2007 a major program to control rabies in mexico was initiated in 2000 dr. carlos h. Álvarez...
TRANSCRIPT
Mayo, 2007
A major program to control rabies in Mexico was
initiated in 2000
A major program to control rabies in Mexico was
initiated in 2000
Dr. Carlos H. Álvarez Lucas
Ministery of Mexico Health Ministery of Mexico Health
Antecedents
Rabies in dogs was unknown in the Americas before
the arrival of the Spanish “conquistadores”.
The first mention of rabies in Mexico is in the
Inquisition papers, with two manuscripts of the early
18th century, in which a priest writes that “happy was
New Spain while it was still free of the disease of
rabies…”.
Up until the middle 1980s rabies in animals and, in turn, in
humans, changed little from year to year.
Figure 1Human Rabies Deaths in Mexico, 1939 – 2005
31 41 49 64 49 60 47 78 91 72 54 57
9
69
5
82
2
62
9
54
9
43
18
60
9
20
11
15
8
36
0
12
6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63 66 69 *72 75 78 81 84 87 90 93 96 99 02 05
YearsDog Other Species* Species
Available 1972 -
When one looks at the
figures they remain
virtually unchanged:
anywhere from 3,000
to 6,000 cases in
animals, with over
95% in dogs, and 40-
90 human deaths a
year.
Rabies program
As has been the case in other countries, canine rabies began to be controlled once the decision was been made to vaccinate enough dogs.
5
Millions
16.616.6
3
4.1
3.7
3.8
2.7
6.4
4.4
4.9
4.2
5.5
4.3
6.3
5.7
5.2
6.6
4.1
0.4
8.1
3.3
1.25
9.1
2.8
1.4
9.7
2.4
1.6
10.6
2.7
1.6
10.4
3.3
2.2
11.5
2.2
2.5
10.4
2.6
3
12
2.3
2.3
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
National Vaccination Week Permanent Program Additional Reinforcement
7.17.1
16.016.0
Figure 2Rabies Vaccination in Dogs, Mexico , 1990-2005
The program of ‘mass
vaccination’ began in
1990 in Mexico.
Rabies program
1990
1995
2000
2005
Figura 3: States Free of Canine Rabies, México, 1990-2005
The number quickly dropped almost to zero or disappeared completely All but 5 of the remaining states have now succeeded in virtually eliminating the endemic disease in dogs; of these five, one is a tropical peninsula (Yucatán).
States whitout rabies
Rabies program
Rabies program
7.1 7.5
9.1 9.3 9.710.6 10.9 11.1
12.613.3 13.7
14.915.9 16.2 16
16.6
0 0210
37
20
15
22
45
29
60
20
19
00
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Figure 5Rabies in Humans, and Canine Rabies
Vaccination, Mexico, 1990-2005Dogs Vaccinated
(Millions ) Rabies Cases
Cases of rabies in animals fell during this period, almost in direct relation to the
number of dogs vaccinated, human rabies, too, fell to almost nil.
7.1 7.5
9.1 9.3 9.710.6 10.9 11.1
12.613.3 13.7
14.915.9 16.2 16
16.6
45 110117
244317335523
852
1387
22532106
3049
13821600
105 76
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
Dogs Vaccinated(Millions)
Rabies Cases
Figure 4Rabies Cases in Dogs and Canine Rabies
Vaccination, Mexico, 1990-2005
V-10 (1) cat
V-1 (1) dog
V-1 (6) dogs 6V-1 (3) dog 3
V-1 (3) dog 3
V-1 (8) dogs 8
V-1 (4) dog
V-8 (1) cat
V-11 (1) dog
V-8 (1) cat
V-1 (28) dogs 28
V-11 (1) dogs
V-1 (1) dog
V-5 (1) do
V-1 (1) dog
V-1 (4) dogs 4
V-1 (42) dogs 40, 2 cats
V-9 (1) cat
V-11 (1) dog
V-8 (1) cat
V-9 (1) cat
V-7 (2) cat 1 dog 1
V-1 (1) cat V-1 (5) cat 2
dog 3
V-11 (1) cat
V-1 (10) dogs
V-1 (5) dogs
V-1 (4) dogs 3, cat1
V-1 (1) cat
V-1 DogV-5 VampireV-7 Grey Fox V-8 SkunkV-9 BatV-10 SkunkV-11 Vampire
D 120, C 7 D 1D 1, C 1C 3D1, C1C 1D2, C 2
No.
140 Isolates
11
33
11
44
11
88
4466
11
5511
11
55
66
4242
33
22
Figure 6Identification of Canine and Feline Rabies Variants
by Monoclonal Antibodies, 1996-2005
Variants
Rabies program
V-10 (2)
V-1 (1)
V-A (2)(V-1)
V-1 (1)
V-1 (1)
V-5 (1)
V-A (V-8 (2))
V-9 (1)
V-1 (1)
V11 (1)
V-1 (2)
V-3 (1)
V-1 (1)
V-4 (1)
V-11 (2)
V-11 (1)
21 Isolates
Variants
V-1 Dog V-3 VampireV-4 batV-5 VampireV-8 SkunkV-9 BatV-10 SkunkV-11 VampireV-A Atypical
711121242
No.
22
22
11
11
2211
1111
1111
11
22
22
11
Figure 7Identification of Human Rabies Isolates by
Monoclonal Antibodies, 1996-2005
Rabies program
Comunication strategies evolution
2002-20062002-2006
1997-20011997-2001
Canuto Perrón
Dr. T. Canto
Gatalina Cat
1990-19961990-1996
Rabies program
Conclusions
The canine rabies in Mexico was a problem of public health.
Only country that makes national intensive days of canine antirabies vaccination.
Leader in reduction of canine rabies cases and humans cases transmitted by dog.
Uses biological antirabies humans and canine of the same quality like the countries of the first world.
The use of new technologies alerts the presence of the wild animal rabies.
Rabies program
