md2 presentation

8/2/2019 MD2 Presentation

1/36

delma genevieve lawrencesupervisor: prof. Dr aziah

mohd yussof


2/36

OBJECTIVES1. To study the demand of MD2 pineapple

locally and internationally.

2. To show how micropropagation can

overcome shortage in planting material forlarge-scale production of MD2 pineapple.

3. To determine of any the steps inmicropropagation can be automated or

mechanized to overcome the high cost oflabour and meet the high demand of theplanting materials.


3/36

Introduction

Pineapple= Anana comosus Pineapple is one of the most important tropical fruit

crops in the world. It has excellent nutritive qualitiesand good taste and these characteristics result in a

fruit that is in great demand in the internationalmarket.

in Malaysia ,cultivars like Sarawak (Smooth Cayenne),Josapine, N36, Moris and Gandol are commercially

planted through conventional vegetative propagationusing the crown and suckers

.


4/36

MD2 PINEAPPLE

MD2 is a hybrid developed by the

Hawaiian Pineapple Research Institute.

MD stands for Mrs. Dillard- the wife of itsproducer.

resistant to internal browning, which is

the general problem faced in thepineapple production(Duval et al., 2001).


5/36

MD2 Pineapple

MD2, also named Golden Ripe. can be

propagated using micropropagation, whichis a type of tissue culture technology to

regenerate millions of pineapple plantletsfrom cuttings or slips rather thanpropagating from seeds.


6/36

MD2 Pineapple


7/36

Benefits

color and flavor superior to other varieties.

gives a medium to large (1.3-2.5 kg)cylindrical, square-shouldered fruit, withlarge flat eyes, and an intense orange-yellow color. The clear yellow pulp is

sweet, compact, and fibrous. high in sugar and ascorbic acid but lower

in total acid than Smooth Cayenne.

resistant to internal browning,


8/36

THE MARKET VALUE OF MD2

PINEAPPLE The plantlets as well as the fruits are highly

demanded.

fetch up from RM10 to RM12 per fruit,

compared to RM2.50 for the ordinarypineapple.

ripens faster. By the twelfth month, it can beplucked (Izwan Ismail, 2008)

MD2 has taken up more than 50% of theworldwide market (United States, Europe, andAsia) for branded fresh pineapple


9/36

The Demand

MD2 pineapple is the most highly demand

cultivar after Smooth Cayenne due to its

benefits.

Beginning in 2002, Ghana farmers set out to

rapidly expand production of MD2 because

market demand for Smooth Cayenne fruit

from Ghana had dropped sharply after MD2won the major market share in Europe.


10/36

The Demand

The Costa Rican MD2 or Extra Sweet variety is

now in a dominant position on the market.

Traditionally producers of Smooth Cayenne

African countries are now turning to new

varieties to meet European demand and to

secure a foothold on the MD2 (Jacob &

Soman, 2006).


11/36


12/36

Problems faced in production

According to Mr Mohamad Fairudzaki Abdul Rani(2011) the major problem are;

Manpower, as a great num of skilled workers are

needed to do the planting in a large scale. bugs, nematodes, wilt disease, fusariosis and

heart root rot.

Natural induction of flowering of pineapple is aserious problem for pineapple growers during theapproximately four-month period fromDecember to the end of March.


13/36

Cont

the importation of suckers for direct planting

by farmers are expensive

The cost of a plantlet is dependent on the

cultivar and its size

For MD2 cultivars, the propagules are

expensive as it is the best cultivar among

pineapple varieties.


14/36

Propagation

Conventional

Micropropagation


15/36


16/36

CONVENTIONAL

Crown (quartering)

Slips

Suckers Ratoons


17/36

MICROPAGATION

ORGANOGENESIS

Organogenesis is aprocess to form and to

develop shoots frommeristematic tissue(Pardal, 2002).

Relies on the

production of organs,directly or fromexplants.

EMBRYOGENESIS

Somatic embryogenesis is aregeneration process ofsomatic cells that aredeveloped by celldivision to form completeembryos which areanalogous to zygotic

embryos. Direct / indirect

Emryo like structuresdevelop into whole plant.


18/36

Advantages

micropropagated plants are more or lessgenetically homogeneous, shoot tip cultureallows the plants to become virus free.

the plants can be produced irrespective ofweather, season and other environmentconditions.

allows higher efficiency of production, in ashort time span (Ammirato, 1983).


19/36

Disadvantages

high cost production and have limitedthe use and exploitation of thistechnique at industrial level.

Hence, the most challenging aspect atpresent is to reduce the production cost,thereby improving the production

efficiency (Ziv, 1989). Expert needed.


20/36

Temporary immersion method


21/36

Using liquid media

liquid culture systems provide much moreuniform culturing conditions

the media can easily be renewed withoutchanging the container,

sterilization is possible by ultrafiltration

container cleaning after a culture period is mucheasier. .

Cost reduction could be achieved by increasingthe multiplication rate through the manipulationof BAP and NAA concentration in culture medium


22/36

(TIS)

The main advantage is the reduction of thehyperhydricity.

Immersion time, such as duration or frequency is

the most critical parameter for system efficiency. improves plant tissue quality

Temporary immersion system combined theadvantages of solid and liquid medium culture.

Allows explant aeration but limited contact withnutrients & permits an efficient nutrient uptake.


23/36

METHODOLOGY

1. Information sources

2. Questionaire distribution

3. Data analyzing


24/36

RESULTS &DISCUSSIONS

Companies Involved in MD2 Commercial Productions


25/36

Companies Involved in MD2 Commercial Productions

and Data Gathered from the Companies Profile.


26/36

Questions asked to the respondent

(Phytotech Sdn.Bhd.) and the response.


27/36

Pineapple Productions in Malaysia of the

year 2001-2010 (Metric Tonnes)

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Small growers

Estate


28/36

Statistic of Exportation of Malaysian

Pineapple to Singapore and West Asia

(Metric Tonnes)

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

West Asia

Singapore


29/36

Pineapple demand internationally


30/36

Customer Perceptions & Preferences


31/36

US imports of Fresh and Frozen and Canned

Pineapples, 1997-2007 (in pounds and $ US)

Mi ti th S l ti t M t


32/36

Micropropagation as the Solution to Meet

the High Demand of MD2 Planting Materials

It is reported that starting with 30 explants it

is possible to produced 1,250,000 pineapple

plantlets within eight months ofin vitro

multiplication.

The micropropagation protocol has now been

standardized for most of the important

pineapple.


33/36

Automation in MD2 Micropropagation

Stages

Selection of explant source

No automation

Media preparation

Glass wares automatedcleaning machine

automated mediapreparator

Transfer operation

Automated explantcutting

Temporary immersionsystem

Acclimatization and Nursing

operationAutomated soil mixture

Automated planting containersystem

automated misting system


34/36

CONCLUSION & RECOMENDATIONS.

In conclusion, organogenesis is the technique

utilized to micropropagate the planting

material of MD2 which are the crowns,

suckers and the slips.

bright future in this business locally and

globally.

tissue culture of MD2 were done throughregeneration by shoot culture.


35/36

RITA temporary immersion system (TIS) was

integrated to reduce the labour & increase

the efficiency.

MD2 cultivation for both local and

international should be encouraged because

MD2 variety has a great potential in the

horticultural industry


36/36

md2 presentation

Documents