ME1D01Engineering and Environmental

ManagementCase study presentation

12119472D IP Ka Yan Alberta13085288D Choi Wing Lam12101937D Yuen Hoi Ying Winnie

Outline1) Present manipulate solid waste (MSW) treatment2) Pros and Cons of the policies3) Solution in developing the incineration program4) Comparison and Contrast of MSW policies5) Alternative treatment6) Conclusion

Present Policies Disposed in

landfill(52%)->West New Territories

Landfill at Tuen Mun->North East New

Territories Landfill at Ta Kwu Ling

->South East New Territories Landfill at Tseung Kwan O

Source from: http://www.cleanbiz.asia/image/hong-kong-landfill

Present Policies Collection points are located in stores and

railway stations->Rechargeable batteries->Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)->Paper, aluminum and plastic bottle Hong Kong Awards for Environment

Excellent(HKAEE) ->Encourage businesses and organizations to

adopt green management and green innovations

Source from:http://www.hkaee.org.hk/eindex.html, https://www.wastereduction.gov.hk/chi/workplace/rechargebattery_detail.htm, http://edwinor.blogspot.hk/2011/06/blog-post_17.html

Present Policies

The Programme on Source Separation of Domestic Waste(2005)

->Take it more convenient for residents to separate waste at source

->Provide waste separation facilities on each building floor Source from:

http://www.gov.hk/en/residents/environment/waste/wasteredrecyc.htm

Advantages of incineration

Create jet fuel-using heat to generate electricity-combining componentsEnvironmentally

Friendly-comparing with land fill

only Source from: http://www.solarfeeds.com/jetfuel-will-replace-petroleum/

Disadvantages of incinerationCostly-HK$8 billion

Air Pollution-fly ash contains over 98% of

dioxins produced-at least 300 tonnes of toxic

ash per day

Source from: http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/pollution-overview/

Disadvantages of incineration

Damage wildlife and fisheries

-snake, lizard and butterfly live there

Higher rates of infant moralities

-related to air pollutionToxins escaping into

coastal waters over time Source from: http://www.edp24.co.uk/polopoly_fs/ib_1_proposed_incinerator_site_king_s_lynn_saddlebow_1_2210295!image/1631260836.jpg_gen/derivatives/landscape_630/1631260836.jpg

Solutions in development

Cost issue: energy generation e.g. electricity- Netherlands supply 5% of the country’s energy

requirements- Germany provide 5-10% of current demands- Japan provide free hot water, free use of swimming pools,

etc. (Hester, 1994) Regulation on emission (CAA in USA )- Monitoring- Government enforcement

Solutions in development

Air pollution control equipment - particulates, gases (EPA, 2005) pre-process before incinerate (Sutco, 2010)

Source from: http://www.sutco.de/fileadmin/datenblaetter/Anlageblaetter_VSA_ENGL_02SEP2010.pdf

Compare and Contrast

Hong Kong- 3 active landfills – expected to be saturated by 2018- 300 active waste collectors, 30 involved in waste recycling

and reprocessing operations(Liu, 2012)

Singapore- 4 incinerator, 2 are Waste-to-energy incineration - Offshore sanitary landfill- Packaging Agreement- Uniform fee for waste collection(NEA, 2014)

Compare and Contrast

Taipei- 3 incinerators- 1 sanitary landfill- Trash Per-bag Fee Collection policy- Recycling kitchen waste(Department of Environmental Protection, 2014), (Liu, 2012)

Source from: http://www.no-burn.org/community-action-propels-the-taiwanese-government-towards-zero-waste

Compare and Contrast

San Francisco, USA-Mandatory Recycling and Composting Ordinance-Waste related ordinances - Green Building Ordinance - Construction and Demolition Debris Recovery Ordinance - Food Service Waste Reduction Ordinance - Plastic Bag Reduction Ordinance(San Francisco Department of the Environment, 2014)

Compare and Contrast

Hong Kong- Ways for waste disposal- Lack initiative in source reduction

Other countries- Source reduction- Recycling and composting

Alternatives• MSW charging policy

- Polluter-pays principle- Example: TaiwanReduced waste disposal by 60% over 5-6 years

• Hong Kong: consulting but some objection…

Waste Prevention(Source Reduction)

Source from: http://d2watasia.pixnet.net/blog/post/23454301-%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E5%B8%82%E5%B0%88%E7%94%A8%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE%E8%A2%8B%E4%B9%8B%E6%9C%9F%E8%A8%B1%E8%88%87%E6%AA%A2%E8%A8%8E

Alternatives• Legislation on package of products

- Neighbourhood and Workers Services Centre- packaging waste from the manufacturers

Waste Prevention(Source Reduction)

Europe

AmericaSource from: http://www.nwsc.org.hk/content.php?id=203

Alternatives Waste Prevention(Source Reduction)

A laundry detergent flexible pouch weighs 85 percent less than a plastic bottle. The amount of packaging is 84 percent less.

Source from: http://www.flexpack.org/public/source_reduction_examples.asp

Alternatives Reuse and Recycle

• Barter- system of exchange by which goods or services are directly exchanged for other goods or services without using a medium of exchange, such as money. (O'Sullivan, Arthur; Steven M. Sheffrin, 2003)

Alternatives Reuse and Recycle

Source from: http://www.fringebacker.com/zh-tw/blog/JupYeah_VeryHK/

Potential barter websites: Tradeduck.com, JUPYEAH執嘢

Alternatives Reuse and Recycle

• Provide subsidies or sites for holding a barter fair(incur expenditure but without any revenue if free entry)

• Cooperate with NGO or barter websites to hold the official barter fair annually encourage people reuse the things that needed cultivate the reusing habit or trend

Alternatives Composting• Redeveloping farming industry

- over 80% of agricultural land are abandoned (~3,800 hectares (Yiu, 2014))- food residues recycling center - produce organic fertilizers for farming raise the agricultural self-sufficiency rate

Conclusion

Source from: http://www.deq.mt.gov/Recycle/WR-Consumer-Spending_New.mcpx

Level of difficulty Level of favor

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