Memory

Dr. Irene Karayianni

Sensory memory

Whodunnit https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubNF9QNEQLA

Iconic memory <1 sec Echoic memory 2-3 sec

Short Term Memory

M E G A A N T 1 S T A R M T V A L P H A N E R I T K O N T R A

15-20 secs

Elaborative Rehearsal

Elaborative Rehearsal

Rehearsal

Rehearsal

Rehearsal

Mnemonics

Working memory

a set of temporary memory stores that actively

manipulate and rehearse information

Long term memory

declarative

vs.

procedural

semantic episodic

Semantic networks

Neuroscience of memory

Neuroscience of memory

Memory at the level of the neurons

Long term potentiation and Consolidation:

• processes that stabilize a memory trace after its initial acquisition

• synapses strengthen based on recent patterns of activity

Recalling LTMs

Retrieval Clues

Recall Recognize

Levels of processing

Shallow LOP Deep LOP

Explicit and implicit memory

Priming

Phobos __obos months

yellow

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EUA4Q5aoG74 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z_mVFPCaQJY

Flashbulb Memories

Constructive Processes in

Memory: Rebuilding the Past

schemas

Schemas

Filter – understanding, expectations, awareness of motivation

Eye witness testimonies

wording

Autobiographical memory

Forgetting

First attempts to study forgetting

Why do we forget?

Failure to encode Decay

Interference Cue dependent forgetting

Proactive and Retroactive Interference

That awkward moment

Alzheimer’s disease

Amnesia

Retrograde Anterograde Korsakoff’s

The 7 sins of memory

• Transience--the decreasing accessibility of memory over time. While a degree of this is normal with aging, decay of or damage to the hippocampus and temporal lobe can cause extreme forms of it.

• Absent-mindedness--lapses of attention and forgetting to do things. This sin operates both when a memory is formed (the encoding stage) and when a memory is accessed (the retrieval stage).

• Blocking--temporary inaccessibility of stored information, such as tip-of-the-tongue syndrome.

• Suggestibility--incorporation of misinformation into memory due to leading questions, deception and other causes.

• Bias--retrospective distortions produced by current knowledge and beliefs.

• Persistence--unwanted recollections that people can't forget, such as the unrelenting, intrusive memories of post-traumatic stress disorder.

• Misattribution--attribution of memories to incorrect sources or believing that you have seen or heard something you haven't.

Not in the textbook – not for exam The Seven Sins of Memory: How the Mind Forgets and Remembers is a book (ISBN 0-618-21919-6) by Daniel Schacter