mgm 103 group 1 report

8/12/2019 MGM 103 Group 1 Report

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Foundations of PublicAdministration

PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG

MAYNILA

Professor Rola

May 2012


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Group I

AMORES, Teresita

ANDRES, Emelyn

ANGELES, FrancusARGARIN, Ma. Teresa

BACOLOD, Mary Grace

BALDERAMOS, Socorro

BALTAZAR, Marilou


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Group I Report

I. Introduction

a. What is Public Administration

b. The practice and discipline of PublicAdministration

c. Public and Private Administration

d. The scope of Public Administration

II. Bureaucracy

a. Concept of bureaucracy and Evolutionb. Growth of Philippine bureaucracy

c. Structure and models of Philippine bureaucracyd. Direction and Control : Civil Service and Audit

e. Problem of Philippine bureaucracy


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III. Issues and Concerns on Philippine Public

Administration and Philippine Bureaucracy

a. Philippine Public Administration in the 2000sb. AFP expose of Heidi Mendoza

Group I Report


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I.a What is Public Administration ?

PUBLIC People orGovernment a formal group of people

ADMINISTRATION / ADMINISTRATE -

Manage / Management


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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK : Public Administration

JUDICIARY EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVE

(GOVERNMENT)

POPULACE

LAWS

PROGRAMS

JOBS

SECURITY

WELLNESS

SUPPORT /RALLY

ELECTION

PUBLICOPINION

TAXES


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I.a What is Public Administration ?

An essential tool of government in theperformance of achieving its functions

Productive partner of politics in bringing theaffairs of government to the people

An effective instrument of the governmentsserving the citizens and a way of encouragingpeople participation in the government

Formulation of public policies and theimplementation of government programs

In toto : Government in Action

Source : Public Administration by J. Leveriza


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Practice and Discipline of Public

Administration


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I.b Practice of Public Administration

- is a cooperative group effort in a public setting- covers all three branchesexecutive,

legislative, and judicialand theirinterrelationships

- has an important role in the formulation ofpublic policy, and is thus part of the politicalprocess

- different in significant ways from privateadministration.

Source : Modern Public Administration by F. Nigro


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I.b Discipline of Public Administration

As a form of SCIENCE

- science of human interaction that is

susceptible to objective investigation andanalysis (Victor Thompson)

- body of formal statements describing

invariant (Victor Thompson)


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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK : Public Administration

JUDICIARY EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVE

(GOVERNMENT)

POPULACE

LAWS

PROGRAMS

JOBS

SECURITY

WELLNESS

SUPPORT /RALLY

ELECTION

PUBLICOPINION

TAXES


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ISSUE : Philippine Public Administration in the2010s

Philippine Public Administration as Good Governance

Catalytic government: steering rather than rowing

Community-owned government: empowering ratherthan serving

Competitive government: injecting competition intoservice delivery

Mission-driven government: transforming rule-drivenorganizations

Results-oriented government: funding outcomes, notinputs

Customer-driven government: meeting the needs ofthe customer not their bureaucracy


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ISSUE : Philippine Public Administration in the2010s

Philippine Public Administration as Good Governance

Enterprising government rather than spending

Anticipatory government:prevention rather than cure

Decentralized government: from hierarchy toparticipation and teamwork

Market-oriented government: leveraging changethrough the market

Source : IS THERE A PHILIPPINE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION?

by Alex Brillantes, Jr. and Maricel Fernandez


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The Scope of Public Administration

as an Activity :

Broadly speaking, Public Administration

embraces all the activities of the

government. public administration,

provides a number of welfare and socialsecurity services to the people.

Public Administration covers every area

and activity within the ambit of publicpolicy.


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PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION activities may be

classified into four broad categories: Government activities under taken to protect

society as a whole. This includes nationalservices like police, fire and jail. Education and

environment.

Government activities designed to provide

assistance to economic and social groups.

Government activities undertaken in the exercise

of proprietary and corporate powers. This

includes ownership and operation of government-owned or government controlled enterprises,

better known as public enterprises.

Government activities undertaken to regulate

business, trade and manufacturing.


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The Scope of Public Administration as a

Discipline:

The Scope of Public Administration as a discipline,

that is the subject of studies, comprises of the following:

The POSDCoRB View

Planning

Organization

Staffing

Directing

Coordinating

Reporting

Budgeting


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The Subject Matter View

Public Administration deals not only with the

processes but also with the substantive matters

of administration


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Differences between Public Administration

and Private Administration

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Broad field of administration

Official actions are based on public trust

carrying legal accountability

Relatively routine decision-making

procedure Maintenance of internal status quo

Actuations subject to public criticism

Government corporations restricted by

requirements of fiscal accountability

foreign to corporate device.

PRIVATE ADMINISTRATION

Limited field of administration

Not necessarily based on publictrust, limited legal accountability

Unlimited in decision-making

process Dynamic entrepreneurship

Not normally subjected to publiccriticism

No such restrictions

Although it varies in forms and objects, and although the administration of public

and private affairs differs at many points, "there is similarity, if not identity, in process

where ever observed"says Leonard White


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CONCEPT OF BUREAUCRACY

AND EVOLUTION

Bureaucracy is: A specific form of social organization for

administrative purposes

Reflected in certain specific forms oforganizational behavior; hierarchy, subdivision,specialization, fixed ways of doing things andprofessionalization.

Type of hierarchical organization which isdesigned rationally to coordinate the work of

many individuals in pursuit of large-scaleadministrative tasks.

In bureaucratically organized systems, authenticauthority, which binds the various levels together,

orginates at the top and passess through theorganizations as managers delegate it downward.


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Growth of Philippine Bureaucracy

Structurally, the government is a

bureaucracy. Over the years,

bureaucracy has become thedominant form of organization in

modern societies.


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The observance of the classical

principles of organization produces

bureaucracy. However, this requirescertain conditions for its development.

The increasingly complex organizationcan be simplified by breaking down its

component parts into simple manageable

structures. As a result, Webers

bureaucracy was institutionalized.


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Weber 3 Ideal Types of

Authority

1. Traditional Authority

2. Charistmatic Authority

3. Legal-Rational Authority


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By: Socorro T. Balderamos


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Bureaucracy

Refers to systematic organization of men and tasks into some kindof pattern that will facilitate the achievement of group effort

Requires technical skills and expertise training and experience

Resulting to specialization for proficiency and professional career ship

in government service

Type of bureaucracy structuring is to a large extend, conditioned by theculture of society, its values, ideas and institution

Legitimacy of power exercise is important authority

Authority arises not by virtue of the formal organization but rather built in thecourse of social interaction and socialization process.


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Model:

Refer identified 3 ideal types of authority.

When applied to the bureaucratic model of organization, they referto bases of leadership.

1. Traditional Authority Establishes legitimacy of ruler ship from age-old practice,

generation to generation.

2. Charismatic Authority Rests upon individual personality of leader Innate charm to inspire loyalty and devotion

3. Legal Rational Authority Established by rules Not necessary inflexible but capable of being change rationally as

situations demand


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1. Hierarchical structures of authority The government is organized into departments, bureaus, divisions and

sections.

Regional fold offices and local governments.

2. Creation of subunits based on differentiation of

functions on specialization Perform set of specialized functions based on responsibilities and

particular program

Geographical areas, clientele, processes and procedures

3. Recruitment and promotion based on merit andcompetence

4. A system of rules and procedures to guide actions inthe organization

Base for decision, action plans and directions

Program / Project implementation


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Established upon rational legal foundations

Has elements of the traditional and charismatic asbasis for legitimation

The indigenous is superimposed by the westernweberian model.

Kinship ties and primary group interests prevail over formallegal relations

Respect for the traditional elite results in dependency andunquestioning obedience to leadership by tradition andcharisma.

Apparently based upon reciprocity where the behavior of

bureaucrats influence the social structures and theorganizational relationship influences the behavior of


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1. Vulnerability to nepotism compad RA290

2. Perpetration of spoils bred patronage andinfluence peddling

3. In pathetic reaction to bureaucraticmisconduct

4. Invention of escape goats for administrativedeficiencies and bureaucratic weakness

5. Low regard for the merit system

6. Lack of the appreciation for dispatch andsimplicity in government operation

7. Open disregard for legal regulations and


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No Constitutional nor statutoryprescription as to number of departmentsin the executive branch of the Philippine

government Functional distribution of work and

performance by the executive have to beconsidered

Control powers of the president undersection 17 of article VII of the 1987Philippine constitution

Responsibility to carry out mandate of the law


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BASES:

1.Policy guidelines for implementation

2.Jurisdiction of the department

A. Supervision and control

B. Administrative supervision

C. Attachment

3.Authority Delegation authority over and responsibility for operations may

be delegated to bureau directors and regional

directors

Extend of delegation need for economy, efficiency

and effective implementation of national and localprograms in accordance with policies and standards

of the department


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268 Agencies 21 Administrative departments

109 Attached entities

139 Other agencies

Group into 11 sections based upon missionor purpose, over-all programs and specificplans and functions.1.General Govt Sector

DBM Department of Foreign Affairs

Department of Finance

NEDA

Office of the Pres. Sec.

2 Agricultural Agrarian Reform and Environmental Sectors


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2. Agricultural, Agrarian Reform and Environmental Sectors Department of Agriculture

DAR

DENR

3. Trade and Industry Sector

Department of Tourism Department of Trade and Industry

4. Infrastructure and Energy Sector DPWH

Department of Transportation and Communication

Department of Energy

5. Education, Culture, and Manpower Department Sectors DECS / DepEd

DOLE

6. Health and Social Welfare Sectors DOH

DSWD

7. Defense Sector DND

8. Science and Technology

9. Public Order and Safety Sector DOJ

10. Local Government Sector DILG


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Supervision and Control

President as provided for in section 17 article

VII of the 1987 constitution

Chapter 3 article 1 section 25 of the localgovernment code of 1991

Presidential Management Staff

Assist the president in the performance of themandate of the constitution and the law ate

entities which provide technical and

administrative support


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GENERAL GOVERNMENT SECTOR

AGRICULTURE, AGRARIAN REFORM AND ENVIROMENT SECTOR TRADE AND INDUSTRY SECTOR

INFRASTRUCTURE AND ENERGY SECTOR EDUCATION, CULTURE AND MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT SECTOR

HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELFARE SECTORDEFENSE AND SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SECTOR

CULTURAL COMMUNITIES SECTOR

PUBLIC ORDER AND SAFETY SECTOR

LOCAL GOVERNMENT SECTOR


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II. BUREAUCRACY

d. Direction and Control : Civil Service and Audi

By: MARILOU T. BALTAZAR

Philippine Bureaucracy is a form of organization which is too large and toocomplex. Too large that oftentimes it is misinterpreted to be Inefficient.Short of saying what actually is Inefficientis the MANAGEMENT process.

To achieve EEP Efficient, Effective and Productive good governance,DIRECTION and CONTROLplays vital role to Public Management.


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-Guide

-Motivation

-Communication

-Leadership

MANAGEMENT theory

Direction Control

-Standards

-Evaluation

-Corrective

Measures

Administration

MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS are grouped around the activities of planning,

staffing, directing and controlling. They are performed by managers through

the chain of command of the organization.

Directing involves guiding and

motivating people forcompetence, accountability and

quality organization. As well as,

strong and skillful

communication & leadership.

Controlling is the

measurement of

accomplishments.


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DIRECTION

The administration achieves its public service by coursing solemnity to

organizational positions in the bureaucracy. The chain of command is being

observed wherein assign positions provides clear direction to the activities of

the administration.

(Suggested Reading: Phil. Constitution Article IX.B. Section 1 Civil ServiceCommission)

CONTROL


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Two Types of Control:

Management Control is largely concerned with executing broad plans and

objectives.

Operational Control relies heavily on specific procedures.

BOTH Management and Operational controls have wider applicability in public

administration.

(Illustration: The AFP funds/fraud investigation whereas Ms. Heidi

Mendoza then COA Auditor, upholding the dignity of all othergovernment employees testifies to the Senate Hearing completingher testimony with complete documents of Disbursement Reportsand COA Findings. The system of control by the auditors gave wayfor them to file the cases against then AFP Comptroller Col. Garcia.)

(Suggested Reading: Phil. Constitution Article IX.D. Section 1Commission on Audit)

Civil Service is administered by the Civil Service Commission.

Commission on Audit is the supreme audit institution.


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Many of the issues facing the Philippine

bureaucracy are well-documented.

Problems such as graft and corruption,

politicization, poor planning mechanisms,

inefficiency and ineffectiveness all contributeto the negative image that it has today.

Problem of Philippine Bureaucracy

BY: EMELYN J. ANDRES


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1. Combating Corruption

2. Increased Participation of the Private Sector and Civil

Society

3. Promoting Results-Based Management through the

Public Expenditure Management Investment Program

(PEMP)

4. A shift in the mindset and attitudes of civil servants, by

promoting accountability, emphasizing customer service,and establishing feedback mechanisms in the Civil

Service Commission

5. Enhancing Use of Information Technology

. Most bureaucrats see their positions as both powerand a privilege shielded by immunities instead of as

a public service that involves accountability.


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Thank you !!!!

mgm 103 group 1 report

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