minerals, rocks and fossils. what is a mineral? naturally occurring naturally occurring non-organic...
TRANSCRIPT
What is a mineral?What is a mineral?
•Naturally occurringNaturally occurring
•Non-organicNon-organic
•Characteristic chemical Characteristic chemical compositioncomposition
•Distinctive physical propertiesDistinctive physical properties
•Crystalline structureCrystalline structure
Mineral propertiesMineral properties•ColorColor
•LusterLuster
•Habit (Shape)Habit (Shape)
•Cleavage & FractureCleavage & Fracture
•StreakStreak
•HardnessHardness
•OtherOther
Mineral Habit Mineral Habit (Shape)(Shape)
Shape a Shape a mineral takes mineral takes if grown if grown unimpededunimpeded
Mineral Java AppletMineral Java Applet
Cleavage & FractureCleavage & Fracture
Cleavage: planes of Cleavage: planes of weakness along which weakness along which minerals can breakminerals can break
Fracture: surfaces along Fracture: surfaces along which minerals can breakwhich minerals can break
Other PropertiesOther Properties
•Specific gravitySpecific gravity
•Reaction to acidReaction to acid
•StriationsStriations
•MagnetismMagnetism
Classifying RocksClassifying Rocks
• Rocks are classified by how they formed Rocks are classified by how they formed and what they’re made ofand what they’re made of
• There are 3 general classes of rocksThere are 3 general classes of rocks
• Igneous RocksIgneous Rocks…are formed when lava …are formed when lava and magma crystallize to form solid rockand magma crystallize to form solid rock
• Metamorphic RocksMetamorphic Rocks…are formed when …are formed when an existing rock is partially melted, an existing rock is partially melted, squeezed, or bothsqueezed, or both
• Sedimentary RocksSedimentary Rocks…are formed when …are formed when sediments (sand clay, and silt) are sediments (sand clay, and silt) are compressed and become solid rockcompressed and become solid rock
Fossils provide information about life and Fossils provide information about life and conditions in the past.conditions in the past.
Fossils of Sea CreaturesFossils of Sea Creatures
• Oceans once Oceans once covered the covered the areaarea
• What part of What part of the oceanthe ocean
Fossils of PlantsFossils of Plants
• Plant fossils Plant fossils can tell us can tell us about the about the ancient ancient environmentenvironment