mna m osby ’ s long term care assistant chapter 38 cancer, immune system and skin disorders
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Risks Factors for CancerRisks Factors for Cancer
TobaccoSmoking,snuff, chewing tobacco and second-hand smoke
Risks Factors for CancerRisks Factors for Cancer
Sunlight
Causes early aging of the skin and can lead to skin cancer
Risks Factors for CancerRisks Factors for Cancer
Viruses, bacteria
Can increase risk of certain cancers
(cervical, liver, lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma
Risks Factors for CancerRisks Factors for Cancer
Hormones
Replacement therapy can increase risk for breast cancer
Risks Factors for CancerRisks Factors for Cancer
Family history
Certain cancers occur in families
(melanoma, breast cancer, ovary, prostate, colon cancer)
Risks Factors for CancerRisks Factors for Cancer
Alcohol
Certain cancers increase with increased alcohol consumption
Risks Factors for CancerRisks Factors for Cancer
Poor diet, lack of physical exercise, obesity
High fat diet increases risk of colon cancer.
Obesity increases risk of breast, colon, esophagus, kidney and uterine cancer
Signs of CancerSigns of CancerChanges in bowel or bladder
A sore throat that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in breast or any other part of body
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious change in warts or moles
Nagging cough or hoarseness
TreatmentTreatment Depends on type of Cancer
Cure, control or reduce symptoms
•Surgery
•Radiation
•Chemotherapy
•Hormone Therapy
•Biological Therapy
Removes tumors
Kills cells, (both cancer cells and normal cells)
Drugs that kill cells, (both cancer cells & normal cells)
Prevents cancer cells from using hormones needed for growth
Helps immune system fight cancer
Cancer -Resident NeedsCancer -Resident Needs
Pain relief
Rest and exercise
Fluids and nutrition
Skin care
Elimination needs
Spiritual needs
Social needs
Immune System Immune System DisordersDisorders
Immune system protects body from microorganisms, cancer, other harmful substances
Immune System Immune System DisordersDisorders
Autoimmune Disorders:
Attacks body’s own normal cells, tissues, organs
Graves Disease
Lupus
Multiple Sclerosis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Type I Diabetes
Immune System Immune System DisordersDisorders
Acquired Immunodeficiency Disorder: AIDS
Caused by virus –HIV
Spread through body fluids
Bloodborne transmission
Symptoms?
As with any other infectious disease, always follow
Standard Precautions
Bloodborne Pathogen Precautions