Morphology in�uence of �re-retardant additives on melamine formaldehyde resin-modi�ed woodChia-feng Lin, Olov Karlsson, George Mantanis, Dennis Jones and Dick Sandberg

Curing

MF resin WaterMF Resin

(FRs)

MF resin+FRs

Impregnation

Impregnation

Fire-retardants

Curing

The leachability of water-borne �re-retardants (FRs) based onguanyl-urea phosphate (GUP) and boric acid (BA) used for treating pine wood can be reduced with the use of melamine formaldehyde(MF) resin.

The formation of microspheres is due to the encapsulation of FRs in MF resin. The further elucidation of the mechanism will be con�rmed by using element mapping SEM-EDX.

The FRs are involved in nucleation and growthprocesses. With the removal of water from the saturated solution, the formed FR nuclei are covered by thecontinually polymerising resin. As a result, the core-shell microspheres of the FRs-resin are observed. These core-shell structures can very signi�cantly reduce thehygroscopicity of the FRs.

Corresponding author:chia-feng.lin@ltu.se

Wood Science and EngineeringLuleå University of Technology, Sweden

Introduction

Method & Results

ConclusionReference

In this study, untreated-, MF resin modi�ed-, as well as FRs with MF resin modi�ed wood were investigated by microscope so as to identify possible morphological di�erences.

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5 um

5 um