mühendislik mimarlık öyküleri 1

Upload: adem-ceran

Post on 08-Jan-2016

52 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

Bu öyküleri okurken mühendislerimizin ve mimarlarımızın geçmişteki serüvenine tanıklık etmekle kalmayacak, aynı zaman da da kalkınma tarihimizden de kesitler göreceksiniz.

TRANSCRIPT

  • !"#$%&'%##

    (%##'

    )""*+(,$$",*

    )()-) .#$%/'$&$% .#$%/'$'&%'

    !" ""0,11222+"3+4+"#$%& "35"3+4+"

  • 676(68-'(

    ))*

    &+%)(* $$

    ") "

    ,))&$-'

    "0 $

    . /()9:; '

    /*-/-*'*-

    &%%"0

    6")4 &

    1

    /*

    0&*

    ')+6? $$

    ,&&21(* $

    2+ "&3+*"")@A>8 $'$

    4&&-&-:"A $

    56*%)%)&'B9C $

    ,))&.(

    /&"(74* D=> $&

    84&*1'

    +E"FG %#

    49/H++"L4K4:; H H 4:

    R

    R3:;

    +=94+

    )G 4 L 3 K 34 " ;L "" :; " ; :

    ; L3L30::H0

    3:"";: 9 40

    L "

    L 0L LH:"L4:"L0

    :"

    ; !"G

    30

    G;+

    )

    "

    ;" H;:"+*4

    L3"0"L""

    L33

    3G;3

    KG0

    K:"

    K+ * 3: 3:

    K H 4K: + )G 3 4

    9H

    3LL0

    G

    ""

    G"+

    N"

    H 3 "H!3:L3;:"$#R

    !"L"0

    "0"

    0%+:"

    L"0; " "3 " 9 " 3"3

    33%4"PH"3$%4"

    3:+)G"34:0";3

    ;L "; H 4K+*

    L

    3:Q

    @K93GKH4L0"

    K9L" " :"

    N" ;

    ";

    KL0H;G4KH04""+

    * "0

    L 3

    3

    K H !" 3+

  • 3H"":+*"

    9

    K0H+ KL4G;"

    3;

    4H:;

    39

    0H+

    ? 9 "P "L 34 4 "4:: 9 " 4K" 0 H 9 4K+H;""HL ""9

    ; 34 K" 30 :

    :

    G9

    "

    G"+

    9

    ;KG"H ;L 3 ;

    "0 9 "

    " ;+ 7L; ""L"L:

    :"9"; " "0;:0P"! ""KG9+

    N"

    LK:H"343K"+*K:0PL ;"37E3

    R:

    ":3:

    93"" " ' H:O=" L 4:" :; K::"L " 9 " "

    3 4"; : 43 4 9+ )4R0";K::KS

    R9;>4K3::S3R";:LG9:L0"+ G9:;3Q>?@@7*7"*+$: *&A & *: . " ( :#* 7 " "7: /% ( %)): &%)3::9

    ( ";L " :

    34"; 3 K

    " "+ 3 "0"3 0

    : "

    ": + 3KG

    ;L3H;

    "4

    +

  • * "3 0: 3H K 3 9 G;L ? 9 0

    G "4: " 3 " :

    :

    +

  • !

    "#$ %&

    T*K:L? *4

    UV4"$&?$

    ":"+

  • ="0BL*;"":33"4K"S

    *!H:"Q

    "3"L:L";:

    ;3HHH:",

    #:

    4+

    ; H :S F++ 4R"$&'&R"349#$#"3:

    :L??:K.??/9?"9).?)/@3;:H:'&3:H494":"+?0"G>4Y")R:4H:"+G"

    G43:""4JGE

  • ;"L "0 4: 3 3 : :GL9:L3493G3"+;3K 3 " ;"

    G;

    G"+ ?0

    G L3

    H

    03"

    ;H;

    H

    93+ * L "0 ;"L "

    3"3"

    90;L K"

    L "0 0 H; ;

    33;+?0

    3"

    ;"L"009::"; "

    G H ;

    4:4H3"

    4KHG9+

    * 3"

    ;S :;

    H:L ;" G R K3:

    3"H

    ;+A"";3"3

    G"KK33

    394H"+

    N"

    3:

    "

    "L

    K:9$%'K

    H

    4K K 3

    >4F"3 ) ;"H:"+

    )R HG

    .3 H;

    )RK;"0;""!K/3

    :L HG

    G;L "G; 9 "" 4 X9""!:

    ":"+

    )

    9;;"6"3

    ? A9"R J E"J : 3:

    :"+ E" $'R 3:

    9 ; 3 G L $ " $R" K; 3:

    :"+ $' I!+6N6C) D8=RE";R9;K4 3:

    "

    : GL $$ $'R 6"" C"R.*;/

    !C"R.

    ;"*:;/LF ; " 9" ;

    :3:99":"+

  • S ? $R)9"R:"+ $%RL )9" H ? FG"R .4 +$%#/H:"+

    H$&%R.X$%&/3H3 FK" .(/ H:"+ * FK"; 4KK;"9:"

    G",

    >:/ O0L84"LN3L

    ".?4"/L6".O 9 7/L .H/L ?04!L EL E

    L("

    9"3"./

    ?: / ?3"

    .ZP/L ?04! 9 ?"3"L )"LE

    L("

    9"3"+

    * $& K; 0: 9$&R .-G0 $%/ H"

    $% 3 K"K;" '

    H":"+ 6 J "3JK;G "L9'+!

  • 4K 04

    0:"+ FK"; 4K R:""S

    >: / 9 . @/L EGLN;!LO0LOL-LEL+

    ?: / 3"L:" . /LEGL??3L-LOL84"LN3L?4"LEL+

    D: / ?4"L ?"3 )L -L ZPL L:" LEG+

    F: /963

    L6X

    "

    LO"L6X

    "9L

    " LEG+

    *;"04L4;;" H ;4K"+ $& *K O >

    ""3R :"+ *K 0":"+ 0" 4HSG ;" " :0+ "3RK' 9 9; K;+ :9 4K ":"; : 3: H3:""

    :"

    *

    L G

    L

    L H K;" 9;

    ! 3 34 "+ E" 3 63"I:"!;963"I:R3 G 0"; 3+ $%& L 4R" $%' ?+N+ 6"" C

    ;R 3; K"

    " 9 B/ &" 4B H: 93:

    6"3 F I!KJJ:5 ## " ; 43 " : 3

  • 3GK;"4"":"+

    ; B" " ""

    :

    4KL: " 8R " 3

    L + 4F

    "3)$%'H:L

    $%& 9:"+ )G30K

    : 9 $$

    9" 0":"+ $%'$$

    "0

    # :"+

    $%'$%L $%$% 9

  • $%$%K!

    ."

    /L$%$%&9$%&$%K G

    9

    K;G + $%

    K;G0+

    $%'$% 9 $%$%KL ""I!K *L E

    I!KO*9I!K")!*"!LG "9+$%$%K3:

    H *HR ' " 9 EG H 69HR $

    "0!K4""EG93:

    93;"EG3?!"3L939";"

    ;

    4H+ $% $%

    33

    9LPI"4!

    :"9

  • G; !

    :

    G;L $% 3 ?R " 4H 9 ?+N+O"R "! K J 4HG

    0":"+03"+!K;G6"3R

    :+"-!*6"3R":"+

    N"" KGL ?R 9 >4O9 " " 9G" L ? G

    ;L"3RL?)R;"3:L

    3.6< F)/L

    "9

    ;.-!)8I< F8=L(- -LNI7)/9:.*H"7)D8)-/433H;":":

    3

    :99"4H:

    "4+

    /K#44.K0#..##.4R..>C?S$>CD>#C?S)N>JO >C?C)N>?O

    >CD@)N>PO

    >CD>)N?EO-)8 - N9)@A>8 ()))8?)F 6)F8) "!)O6 NX)*886")-@=( *H"7)D8)-N)O? B!)=?)F?9!)FF8> )")8)FN X))? )F8+O*)-=? D8=NI7) -)(N -!)8I< F8=E*6-)( (-N *< F )(@(*""*6-

  • +>$ ? * ):9?$ J>4F

    "3)R:F

    JL 4I4=4L$'L."0

    3

    :"

    D$ ?)""4L($%LP$63"I:R"F+NXL3K49:HLKG

    4H;

    G:9H::

    "4";K+

    ;R J "J ;:" K K3 4:L $$& ) -"R *" 9 !YG+?*;"!$$&*"9H99"G4K9O F>

    " .O >

    " "3)/ K;" 3 ) - "R

    : ;L 9: " H KG

    " 9 JB B ) 9!R ?"" >J

    O" "! "0

    0S H -

    ":"

    ; 3" H

    L 4 6"3 4;:

    4 H

    ;H?R4H:

    N

    .7/

  • "30""+AH":"H!9"!3 H: 40L G ; 0

    H " ";

    ) - "R 0 4 4">L4H

    3

    3G

    -9H9G3G4K9+

    $&;

    R;>L$#'ROF>

    " 3":L$#R")R 9

    ""3

    9";3:

    :L-R"))

    .N*

    "=:L$%'R34K9:"+*4K93"3";

    4:L

    HG;G9J7*3J

    3:

    4G+

    >

    " = > *L 3K4

    :;9G:K

    ",

    J*=-R>

    " -:K3"0:"+R

  • -9H9934"0

    3:

    93K40

    3G:">L34 L 9 "0 0 H "H4 " 4 ; 9 3 ; H:

    0 3:

    + - >

    " E 63 *R 3"$%'R *"R 4 "+ *" 9 H9-

    "! :

    H 3HL H !3 9)"0*"):"6"RG434-RK+*3H"9!

    LG939H:"L33

    93-3H94"+@ ;

    " 3 3K4 !"

    RL34

    E;L $ !9HHKH"3:

    +

    ? H

    ": K G H"+ +

  • 4K";L H3 $&% "

    ; 9 P:

    H ":"G; 4 H;3""+

    *GI

    :L309"!

    ,

    J-R)*"

    *"R":H"3H":"3G;

    "9

    ;0C3L3H"!0"+

    LH!"HK3:#93 ":"+ ; 3K 3 0

    H!"H

    H

    "03+7!

    G"+*H0G0+E"HL4GL3":"

    :

    +

    *4

    "=!"":

    >4"9-9

    "*H H ! ":" 3:

    + -R

    7):"""RG

    > "! " 3 H L < RL J>OGJ

    3:

    +

    - 9 H9 H 9

    ;H

    K H:" H

    '# FL 3

  • H0 9" L " 9 ":

    " 4" H":" 9 : 0 9 9" H:" 9

    :

    :GLK;:L:":"+

    7 "L)-"R 0" :H

    :

    HP

    "0H;"

    ;"

    !

    4""3 9 " 34 9 "GGL 4G; K 3;4L!

    ;3"4K99"4GL$%'%

    ;H3

    "+>HH!

    "9;"GL"G 4;0

    LH:

    +

    )>;R4KL'#FR"-E;R " :"+ 4 9 ) 3K44: H0" ":" $# 3G "K;";K+;":

    4KS3K34G03"KK9

    3"G0+IG:HLH:";

    3+$R:0:9R>

    ":9;4K9"+

    J9"HJ 4HO"LJF"J39$ 3 3 04 3;

    L H "44+

  • 4::"+

    :

    L"9"KG04"+A"

    K"

    K4H::"+

    6"6KR!9;""H":"9+*6K"HG;

    4+J

    $ " 4 H K *:3 6"6KRL K >

    " *: B 9 ?G" *:O "!-R H ":"4: 9 > R $%' H:

    "+ 4 6" 6KL )R KGL H ":"G;H:

    3:

    G

    ? *;R 4K9+$>

    "CI!++R)R>

    "E"9*

    :33"3"-R0";G4L3K4H"94:K9:;39+@"

    "H

    9?*

    I!+ + B9" -:" O"0;L J?R 7 6""J 0" L 3K4 H 3H 9 G0

    H4"K9+

    O"R 4" H:

    3: H GL B9" -:" O"0; -R 4 9K4"H:

    "+R>

    ":9;4K93>L)R?*;*::9;R

    "+ - 9 H9

    G >

    " ?:

    "R "K

    ; 4K9 9 > L

    " -R4+ E" 3 :0 9 3 " " 3:L"""

    3"

    +$%'*"R4":";3H90

    4LH:" 3"L L 4!"L ;H9L 0"L

    L339;9HH00

    3H! : H 3 H 3H 4" 4 ":";4KL"+

    >3H:

    H3;:0L # : 4H

    3 ":

  • 3:+ $%R 6 >

    " Y 3" 9 =: BE3Y4K93:

    )>;L$@R!"

    4H:

    3:

    +E"4

    0 9 K

    4 " 0

    H K HL K 0 3 : 4 4" H!"H K;" 3:

    + * H

    L'#:0K!

    4+

    @R 3 E ):" 6" : 4H

    :""3L$&R-R79E

    ;?:

    "R")>;L>R3";3H:"4+

    J*F:I:J0"

    ")>;L$&R"":";-4:

    ,

    J K-H3""+F:"00:"9 9 3 "0 3 G :

    :

    3"H3"+ ""+6H:3:

    90

    3" G 9+ * 3 3: " 4H+N"!:30S3*I+ I 3 9 M H0"L : 9+ I 9 : H"3"LH4K:33+*-R3

    3+)"3LGL;

    :933+*G"9LHG"",I

    "S3:L"9+

    3:9"-R+

    *L:$4HG;L

    3-9H9 4G;L ; 3 3 - 43 3

    3;

    G;H::"+J

    :"">

    "*H

    !;4)*L>R"::K

    ",

    J>3390KG4:L!"3

    :093""3::+ R""

  • "

    3"

    ;3+* 9H : 9 3H : 4G;39+J

    @H:" 3

    ""

    :L 3 3H 9 04 : " 3:

    + 74K 9 0 "!L > OGR ; H " 9""

    "0GL

    3"H9:90

    G :0

    3:

    L

    3"3K4"0

    9GLH

    44

    9:

    "0"+

    -HH;3;H

    ";

    3"H:

    :+69"00H"HH4+*:

    ":9H:

    3:

    ;L"949;4;3K4";NOI6*:""GR

    ":)>;LH:+""GR J*H KG 3 64 4L 3 :0L 0G 3 :QJ H ) *R"9"",J"*3K"+

  • $&H:

    3K4K4"H:

    3:

    "+?0;H":"H

    K4"3

    ;9:

    "GH3H9:L3K4"""3H9K+

    K4" 3 L KG -3;3

    :93

    "3K4:"+>R3:;33K4K H: " :

    , $+ 7 *K4 ?,O *KL %+ @; *K4 ? 9 *K4"K,)>;L+*G*K4?,N" FL'+ 6G? 9EB!,-!*:L + I9": *K4 ?, ;L3:H49K":"3H,

    J$ 3 *"R 4 H "

    ;K"0

    3:L?RH":" " 9 4" 3 3 3 + * 3K49""""0;L3"3:;K:3+

    "H3""L"

    L!L39

    433:GG94H4K

    4K: - K

    : 9 9: 3""+J

    7L " 9 9 0

    9 0P 4H:G;9>9:

    L 909 4" L G HK 3

    G

    3"!

    L00

    :"G"

    "H:

    +

  • 3 " H

    ; 3 H"L 4 H4

    ;

    + >

    "@

    ;R"0

    :

    4"L)""7!"

    3 9" >

    " 6:" @ ; 9+ @ 4 G

    L - ":

    "

    9

    K ;" $%+### >

    " *R4K+*KHG

    LKG$%+:9L % : 3G 3 9 9 G 3 9

    %:9

    :"93K"+

    $& 9$3:

    3 !" :"+ 6:9

    $%+3L4K3:

    3+@G"$

    3:HL3:4 H: 3 K H; 4"3+ *

    ; 3 43"HL

    L K93HH

    +9K:

    L K4"

    :

    9

    : H:" H

    + *K4 "L H

    G KG 4K GL"0;":"L43H99 "G 9 K+ * 9

    3K4 0 4K K L H"";

    +E

    "G90

    L

    "K 9 !3

    " 9 "

    3:

    """+

    ";"H"3:L3 H 3 9 4G" 4 ; 9:";3K4L43"4:H"";43L43""KH"

    ;:

    H"+

    6G;L ! 3:; "+ *KGL K"3:943:3G"KG; H ";L $'R J7G

    F

    :0"!J+

    0"!4:GLH:"""

    +)>;R39GH"",

    J*4-H:L

    3343 "0

    30G4+3: 0

    "

    + " :

    0 " + 0"!" 4KG

    "H:"L !"

    "

    +*

    "9 ""0 4K;

    :"+ 6H KG043H3;R

  • 33 3:0

    L

    ::

    +

    ";9

    ;

    :L0::43+ "9

    :KGH3+J

    6: : L " "K !3

    4H4:"+$'#

    H

    G4::L 4HG O" 9 L4:

    0J

    G;":+

    A"3:

    :H0

    >"!

    "K:H:9"4":"+

    $' -R " N3: 6" 6K"!L :

    "3:

    :L "3: !3""G

    LNOIK4""30+*97G

    F

    :0"! :!

    4K: ; H 3 >;L J6KR "

    ""L " 6K H

    : 9 J

    L N3:Y 9 ? *R :" +

  • @:@B!*R",

    JG34LI:R"""K+

    3:"+ E ":L I:R "3 - 7E3:"K"90+ N3:

    " 9 H3 :9+ ;+

    $'39:4;4HN3: 6" 6KL 3 KG 4; !3L "4H"" ""+A"G9;34 9H"; I:RHL"G

    J7 9 !3 3 4K33;J K I:R "L": 3L

    " 3G G 3;!3+

    7 "

    9 : H 0; " " H:!3

    4"

    L$

    :H:!3%RL$&'R

    :+O7L'""!KH!3L"0"!3

    "9""+

    > L $' );" L 3K4 :" H""K4K "; H:L: ; 3 4+ 3 3K4

  • 3H34;+?*;

    :3"*"K4K99+)R:>L3G3H!-R4H:

    9+

    OG

    : K "":

    L>RG4K:+>:L-R4:"+

    ; L $' H =:R"3;

    "9 L H+ -R 4K9K>;L6"3R"+

    >L$'-R0

    J7R'#+FJ"KLG : ) >; 3" ;

    H;+*"0

    ""-R4G3"!4H+

    )>;R",

    J$'4;H3"3H

    -"0; '#+F "

    ;" 3 3

    L7:**"G9"3">R9"+

    @G%$,##

    -R

    :!3!

    :"+ OG 3 L 3 4H :!K 3 4 L OGR H00 :+

    > " + -K"4 HLH;;

    :

    L"H)RK9+?3RK;H;)R

    :"+O9

    ;O9

    "O"!:

    +)O"Y"+O"L""04G

    !!+?3G0 9 K; " ;;

    3:

    +>"4J*L4HJ+J

    > OGR : 3

    ",

    J$&R -R 3 H

    " :4 :9"H:9:"+H:LH!"H9K39K:

    3:3:

    G

    93""

    HGKL9H3:"""

    +6:"G7

    :L"!":9"G3:"+

    @LC""" "4!

    HL !"H3"G

    +7!"H3:""

    4""H

    ;;:

    +

    ":3 9" 4; K "H 33 H " H "G; 3 :"+*94G4H:"+O

    "+J

    7 : H 4G 4H > L ;;3L$)R9!"+

    $ LH" H "":

    G

  • ::L?H:G":"+

    > OGR 3

    3:

    ""; 9 ;

    "

    """;H:

    +&'L$9

    H

    L"K9H0

    "

    "+

    A HG;9" I

    I44

    0

    H

    + 9 + K 6"

    R )>; " 9 7 6" R -0"K + *:F

    I

    6"-0

    RSH

    4K4K4: 0P L " 3K4 L"

    " K" 9 3 4" 0

    LH"!

    :"9:0H

    9:L30

    H34

    +

    3"""4H3"H"?*;L H " 9 0

    @ 9 ?

    *;;L?*R@";LJ*H:

    4H ":

    3L 3 H:

    J!H+

  • " 3 "0

    3 "; :

    G;L

    "3K":G;L3H

    4K3:9"3;3"L R $3 JO"J9L433:K"H

    LK:"+

    ?3"O"L$&)>;R9L

    K:"+

    4KG; 43L H" HK 94" 9 9H"K 4

    L "3:;LH

    43"0"3";HH9

    GHK9:"

    3+

    ) - "L > L ) >;L 3 : 0::;

    +

    "*;FL)"3

    L$&L)+

    +>6O(6 D8=L)L*F:I:L?3"FL)L$&+

    '+222+G+49+"

    +""0,11"+3"+"

  • ,,,"

    -.,/0.%(*631

    12334353436178939:5.9-3;;;"#$ 7

  • )*(+,++(-(.'/-)*((-)(-0(-($1-$$*"0""9"3K"+;R"3H3JJ0:99"3 3 0"G :"

    "G;G33K:"L

    9 "3

    "L 0" 3 K 9 H 3G; 4K"4

    0 H K

    G"+

    "?R+4K9397:"4K;3HLK::H"4" H::"+ F ?R K"G 9 "L :G ": 4

    L 3 4 H 3 ;3G9:G

    :39"H:

    ::

    +

    * ? ": 4

    :

    :";?Y

    34

    :+@H N"

    " 0

    K

    ":"+N")R*:"

    9K"G3"0P4

    ;"0

    4K3:"+N"3

    "0

    "3";0";

    4K " :L " 0

    4K 3:

    :"+ 7"

    * 9 =O!

    "0

    04":"+*0

    0

    G

    G0

    ! :"+ " 3 03 " G 9 :"+ " H

    "33H"3K"3309

    3:"+ 64 9" 04

    :G :"+ " 0

    :: 3

    43 "::"+ O"" 3 3

    :

    G "::+ F ":G:3:

    ;?3"39""0

    304:

    :3;3":"HH9:":3+

  • N"

    " 0

    :"; 3 0" 9 " HH9 :

    :

    ":4";33""3+ 0 " 440

    0" 4KK

    ;L

    :": 3":"

    0

    ":

    :

    ;3;!+"4340

    H:4+H

    :"0

    4

    ::439

    "+ 49:4K;3:"0"

    ;"+*:0;

    :

    3 " 3; : 3 0L 30

    0"0L 0 " " L 3

    4

    :"""L""9: 3:

    L K 0 " 4 4H

    :"3G;3:;+F4":"0

    H " :" 3 HG H; 9+ 9"3"4"

    ;

    +*0""

    + 9" 3 H; 4H:"G 3 ;"+

    GL " :" 0

    " 4" 3 HK ;

    4 ;+ * "4 3:

    H 3"

    L 4G

    :

    " 3:

    + " "! 4G :

    ;+"4L:

    43:L""

    3 3:

    + K 0 " 4 HK ":

    + ) 3 " :" 0

    ;+

    B "0K

    9G

    " : 0"

    4: 3 HK: 3 "9 "G

    :

    :"

    ++" :" 0

    :

    :

    HK4:":+*3;3""44

    "3H"H:"+6G

    ;

    4

    0: 3 3

    " 93 H :9" H:

  • ;

    G 4 "0 ":"+K4"3"

    +OH ":" 0

    4

    L3

    " 4 3 " 0" "":"0

    K4:"+

    " 0

    H 3 " HK

    4

    "0":"+":"HH9

    3:

    G4

    3

    :":"+ 4 0"

    :HHK4:";:

    +)"0 " ;+ *

    3: "HK4

    4K"G4"+ FK"G 3 4K" 4H :

    3 $#R

    ?*R 4H:"+ ?R 4G

    3

    )R0+)"04G"H:"L

    3

    04H+.?&

    T*K:L? *4

    U?( -)?V4);"$&:"+

  • ,24H:

    $$' C;

    $'$ 890A9"E"

    $''' @3*:

    $% 66*;LEO"-

    $& 66*;LBG*:

    $ @

    $#?LfA9"0"

    $$ ?**96*:

    $ 66*

    $R33"L:0

    G;0+

    N

    =L $$'R CR ;:+ C C

    33? =R 4K9

    L 9

  • J)""+83"G3:";3 9 4 9 3G )R 4" + )""L J
  • BG E O" -;R @ + R E"R

    : $### " 3 0"+

  • CG " : +

    33H::"LCGL3LE?L(*L3:"

    R+CGR;3;HLJCG)334QJL"!

    E"*R + @L 3K 3K 3 "!" 3L U( V+U74VL+@LJ?

    "R9J+N)3::+

    )I

    R"!+O4""L30

    +"3CG9)9F4LE"*R4""+E" *L 0 3"L J3 3

    L J+JOJLN)3LJBL33

    J+E"*4K;;:"L3:

    L3 "0+J74JL C9R33:"9!+N)3RG""L4""+*3"4!J##L:"+J

    * O I"L 3O I" ;: 43LJ!L?R)A9"

    :J:H

    +

    9:"L?4+)3R"3"4!LJ60" +J@ -

    3K3 9" "3"9:+N+)"?:9L

    "9+JF : L J + )

    ""+ J* 0

    ")R4L93 LJL4""+O!"N)3R"3"4!LJ6:LL+J)3"4!LJI3:;I9"?R4L:

    J+:

    +

    ;" *;R 3 "0

    " 0"++ ? A9" 9 3 + !L :G 9:L 3K 39"9:+

    ,B?RJ:GJ3:Q

    ?2B

  • " : 3;L 3K 3 :" : +BGL J:GJ 3"+ BG L;LPL"G;H+B33:0

    04HG,:

    HGL3+)"

    FHGL+9"

  • $++)++@

    80'** "95:.*

    $*$(,#,&,

  • O4 3: " KG! 3: K 9"

    ""P 3 4+ ) ; ":

    :0"+

    3:

    33H4H:L"3+*

    3HKG

    :90H4+

    7; U4G

    ; 3""L " 3 " :"L 3 :"0L

    ;:"L3

    V43

    G4H"";9H:0;"";:9?

    9"""":"+

    ):9 0 H; H 34 6 NL O! )" 73 84 O 73R

    9GG+$#G9$G3K3H:0"

    3+?O9"! " 0! 4K" 3 9 3 9GO! 9 84 9 "

    S 3K 3H: 0; 34 4K"; H =

    O9GE.E)/"!:H+

    9 73R J&9L + Z fR $'&R;B7%%U!%%%$/*4B "0

    "G G90 9+ N" KH4:99+)3!3"33394H4 :;H391934

    94

    9+

    9G G " " " 4:0 "

    4 4 ;+ ?R9G;H;:KH4:30

    :;43=)?)?A-R"+

    @K

    "39:43

    G;:G %#G 3:

    KG 3 "

    "H"+=3S

  • B.&";(B

    3H!"KK"+ L$##R

    3:9G"4K;4:4G

    G;

    3G!":"+N"R

    33L

    3KKQ

    O9G 4: ;

    H N"RX 0"; :L $ B3" $%R ? ?N"Y + : "; SJ?R9G+J :G"3:"+

    =! G

    "+*

    K"+60";:%($%RJ?""3J"H+))Z?E3Y

    :3

    ; 0 R ? ?)B =H E3Y + *KGZ

    )$9)%#H

    "39

    ?R03:

    +

    $%?O9R"

    3!3 $%R

    "4H43:

    4H4"G0

    ;3?9":

    3

    "M

    3G

    SJ*K03333LG33K0;33J+

    )"3H;4H;3":"+*H4 : 0"L H K" + ?0 : !

    "3 9

    "+ F0

    4 :L

  • 4 "L H

    !3

    L 0

    " 9+*

    30L"034+F

    3H"09190"+

    ?993;

    L;KL3H:

    3

    H:0

    G;:+

    %&

    $+(;L>BL$'

    %+ =H" E3 =H F B - 0

    K:+?O9G;6*

    L+*"")4L%L$);"%##+

    +@K"CL$B3"%##'L+*"")4

    '+(;L>BL$'+

    +?=H.?=

  • @H;"LHK;!H!

    0

    "L"G"9"K

    3+

    ::44K5

    ,$*

    2* &*-#%*&.,' #%

  • $%K

    L$$%R")R3:"

    +*39

    3

    S9"4K

    30HL

    G

    L3

    L" H HK:L 3:

    ) "0

    H9:+

    F?N"RL)R0:3

    "L"LH9!34K:9%+### ! )R : L 3; G"

    :3493;:3: ";Y P0"; 3 4H 9 4K:;3

    +

    "!)?)?A-L3

    9"0

    H:L3;H9H3:")RK

    GL

    3"9";33H!"!:"+

    $%3L34)?)?A-L":

    "HH;L

    ;H9H)R3:33H!"";K9

    +

  • ="L)RH9H!"

    GL

    34H!":"+*3L"

    L 9 3 " 3 + * 4:

    3"

    L :"9"!:

    439"03";+

    * H 9 :

    "

    9 33

    L K"0H93:3:3"!90:

    +*4;

    3G3:"+

    * KL H 3 0"

    H 39

    9; 3H 3 ;H 3 ": )R ": :

    L

    H "G3

    "06"3R"

    +

    =

    H:

    "

    +)?)?A-34H!";3;L

    33H!"H4K

    H3":;L3"LHL!3;3"+)?)?A-LU6";3KL)RL3"LHLK"3+*3

    "L40

    G"QV+

    *KL)"" 7!";R"L)""R$% )3 I:Y : E OY " ; %# ### K"0":"+3"333;HL$%I"4

    3HHH:

    3:

    99 : ; ! ""K "0;4:+)?)?A-L;9"::393""K3"

    +*"0;

    H:

    "L 3 4 3

    L

    "L"KL4LL;L"L3L"L"L!

    3433"

    +

    )G %#+### K " 4: 3 H!":" H " ; 9 K " :9""90"0

    :G4:

    9+ *

    ; " !"

    ; 4K0 7!";"3:

    9 F;33L

  • *4"L GL @9GL ?L ""L 7

    H!"""0

    :H!""3K""3:"J 7!";J

    :"+

    )?)?A-L3

    :LH

    ;":"F9RS

    "9*"G7!"L

  • 7!";L 9 H" H:

    G H!"L4

    "L9G;L 9 "G"K4"33"

    9 " " 3 : 3;33 :"4:"+7!" G" :L ""; ::

    0

    :"+? R " $% ;L 4 K

    9":"+

    )?)?A-RH!"

    "

    "3H)R 7!"; :OY3;:

    4H$%

    K94

    4:"+

  • H3H:

    3:

    3 $%$'+###K33""3:

    :"+

    O " "

    3 H :"

    0L "0;

    3" "

    0L "0; 44K43K"4:"+

  • 7!"; K" !

    ;H :L

    !

    ;H

    4:":"+E

    ":"999;H

    )R9"";:;H

    H:

    :"+

    07.*M 7!";4"3":" "; 3:

    9GL 4:":"+O9G:G"L;G"99

    ":" K 3:

    :"+ @""H3 )R " "G H 3 9" :L"930!":L9

    :3KH"99""! 7!";Y0:"+

    7!";Y G 4""H 4:":"+ 9G

    H!";9

    :L)R3

    L H!"" 9G

    L 9G ":"3:

    :

    +7!""9G"9

    K:L*FE3Y :3:

    G;K:"+7!""

  • 7!"" "9H : "3 03:

    :L ": ;

    H 4:":"+84L

    "9

    : 3:

    :L 3

    0

    "G3 H 9:L 0 "9" 9" "G 3 3K :

    H::"+ 7!";Y "9H 3K "9: ":": 9 H

    :"+(3

    )"9:

    LEY4"""9:

    :+)9O

    3"9:

    H

    H;

    9!

    H :

    :

    + 7!"" $% "3

    G !

    " 3:

    ": 9 K K H ! G3K:"+

    #&.*M )""7!"Y";K

    3 " :

    + 7!"" "L 3LL 4L 3 !3

    L : 9 0

    !3L "L;"L 0 H:"L :0 9 !3

    H!"; H 39"4K"9:"+

    * E3S 7!" 3 ; "H

    $'Y

    3 !3L $Y 9 3 3 !3K:":"+*"HK4K:"+KG :3"H ":

    KL 3

    "3:

    :L":";0993:"3:"+*!309

    HH3G34:"+63$'Y093G3!3S"L3L3L4L

    "L93

    P:0:"+ * !3L (L

  • "3K4:;

    :"+*0:0 "!:"+7!"; "9

    0 "0 4 ": 4K":"+ 7!"

    ";

    9 4 ;

    0

    :"+

    : 9I

    E3S)""7!"Y "H 3 "

    :

    !3L H!";

    "90H :4KL

    "KKL"KL"99"PL 9 "L ! " : :L $$ H!";9)K0

    "G:

    H0

    "K:"+*0

    "3:""

    L"L";0"43

    0:"+

    B0 E3S " )

    " :0:0

    L4)RL4;":0

    :"+

    E3S09G:

    ;:"+

    ; 9 ES 7!" "H

    H

    ;L KK"H

    4:"+F!3:

    4H

  • " H!" "H

    H :L )R ":"G : 4:":"+ E " :3993+

    "

    0:"+

    )""7!"YG"G"3

    :"+ 7!" :

    " 9 9G 4:"+ * "

    " 0

    :"+;

    "; H0

    :;

    H"G0

    :"+*H":;

    L

    "94

    H:"+)""7!"":;

    LH!" 3"

    ":"+ )R F:RLOG3R9

    " ""Y 4G

    KG 7!";Y3"!

    "

    $# "P 0 ; 4":L " " 9 "

    ":";

    :L33:4K""43:+ H!";L ;:"4

    "H:G9

    G4HH;"9:L34H3"!"0

    !3L;

  • "!"

    "H:4

    L4"K;:+

    )?)?A- 7!";L;:3K4;

    "H!";S;H

    ;"K"G;

    L:;$$++$43"0

    O3;:

    :"+

    RR*:9"L

    ;L

    "9""!9

    "G3 0 "!

    " "! "

    "" H!" "":"+

    H9H"H:

    !

    "S3

    ":";H:"

    ""3:L9

    ""

    "H3, 3:

    3" H

    :!

    ! 3 H "" !3 9

    " "":L 3"

    " 9 " 9 !:

    3

    0"93G""9G4":L93G3H9

    H!"930"

    """GL3

    "9:99

    "0"":L0"! ":"9

    "" 3: " G9 K 33 !:H::

    L3"!"H9:0

    9 "" 3 "L !

    " 9 "

    3

    ":

    L 93439L49H"394:+7!"

    4K

    9 ""L"4

    :"L4GL;G9GL9!4"L3

    "

    !99!!"G343":+

    *"" 99!!" " ":

    4:H:9"G

    L9 " ; "

    L

    "

  • ; "L "G30" :

    3

    "

    "L "

    " "9K9"H9G

    "3 "0 9 ":! H" 3 3

    9"

    G

    3L 9 3

    ""! " 3 H!" 3" ""L 9" 93:

    33+7!"

    ""93:

    G

    4K"3

    ":"+

    "0+RR

    )"" 7!"Y K" H $+$+$& 4 #& 9" >

    " 6:" .>6/ : 9 3"":

    39:"+

    *K)R 7!";RR@ 7!";RR

    !

    ":"+)""R3;:

    ;H!"L"

    G$$3:"+)GL@ 7!";0

    994:LH!";9"K"4H3

    " 33 9:

    :L )""R K 3

    4H3!3?*;GL?@;":L %+

    "6:"RL ++$' R39$++$' R

    ; 4 ' 9" A" 7!" @

    ;@K99:FR9"A"7!"@

    ;L%'++$#R39$+'+$#R

    ;4 )"" 7!";; :F R )"" 7!"; ;R 9:"+ ' FR @HG +L 3 9 ;L?99"A"7!"@;"!

    " : !" 3L FR@HG %+L 3 9 ;L ?L9"A"7!"@;9)"" 7!";; "!"' : !"3":"+)G3343"+

    "! )?)?A-R $$+#+$ " 9" 3;:

    ;:""L$$+#+$&4OY 3;: : "0 9 "0 "

    G

    ;)R+%$#+##%3;33;:

    ;4K"+*3;:3"3K:

    )*N"OI"0

    3;:

    K+

  • )G3;:"

    4

    H:"

    3"+ ?0

    33 3K

    K : 4H"; :

    H:" 0

    "!

    ;3H 4""+ )G 3 "":

    34934;LK"4+)G3

    34 9

    + ;)""R ; 73R" )F

    R " H3 )""R .)+ +7R/ ";L %##% 0

    +++R 0"; G "H":"+

    )"" 7!"; 9 " * E3)?)?A-R K 3 3 4H .

    :#+### %/ ++$R H"

    ? @

    ;":"+@)?)?A-R;

    0;433HK

    :"0

    :"+ %##% +++ G L 9" >

    " 6:"FK"

    "

    :+%+###%34

    :"+"3RL :

    L 4 33

    L4"""

    :

    4K:+:4K:"3

    ""33H3

    +*3""

    ":"+

    "3!34;:;:K0H

    "0

    " + *

    ;L H 43 3 3"" ;: "

    4K+ C "W "0L ""+ I"H3 ::"+L9

    !

    ":"+*9>"3R"" "

    : 4"""+ I" H" 3 0 """L" 3 ""+ ) :L 0" 0"""90;"";""L4H3H3;G""";0

    3

    "0"0""+

    6H"0"9+""L"."G/30";LK3;34:":"+""K"9"3"";33"L "

    :

    :34;G0"+

    "3R406N9;G3+64930XX3"

    3G;KH:

    3:

    K3+

  • !

    3:

    L9"RH:"4

    H"

    9

    4)90RLH;

    )R4":+$'%R30"K:L4433:"+O4H4;33

    L : 9 3 9" : :"+

    *:

    LG:";3"L"" 0!K 3 ""0 K:+ L 3G ; GL H" H3 " "+*

    LJ"J!"

    H;

    "

    +J@!".K/40KG0+++J+++

    6:"3J33J"

    :R

    (G"?

    3:0J6*L";H"0"+ * ! + L L G!"

    3+++J:+*JOL43"9WJH04""+F3H:3KG+

    L!

    3"3K:H:9+

    )L4HG9*"RJ4!"K04J0""G"+F333:"L";3+6:34HL343L3 K"L 3 0 0" 4:"03+

    (I:R!3

  • 4" 4HL :K L "; 4

    ::;40H+*)00"0KHG4"3+

    H:

    H;3;L3;43+*"

    !"+

    !"RL 3 H ;G; 4:"

    HH"K9K

    :"+A"":H9H:"

    9939"

    "KX94":KG;.K0G;/H0H

    L3LG4

    43:K+F;3

    0:"+*3" ":", J H"J

    + *

    H;

    ?0 J:0HJ93

    3HH3+@GL3H

    L

    K3 ;4"";4K"0H

    HH0 ":3 4K"+

    L I??)-8)R 9 9

    ?8?)BR "! 3 ::"+

    ?"Y"0

    3

    P:4K"

    "0":"+

    3

    4:":L9"H:"+

  • ')A((A$

    I??@;("G"G"

    (":R 9G AY 3 3 " + *(":Y"+@

    3I???

    0;H+)"0HI??E39I??)-8)R:"K4K+*:I??)-8)"!0

    4;HL9"I

    ?:

    "4

    0+I??E3L?

    09I??)-8)R3:

    ""9+

    I??)-8) H0

    3+###"0

    0"+*KG #R ##RL +### "

    : 33 H4 " + ?8?)B K 3

    ####"3G"+

    * :

    " $$ "

    9 3 OI??)-8)?"YAY ":+I??)-8)R3''H:3+

    ')A(D/*)-)*5')A(/*/A-)*

    F 3 "H

    3 " H I?? )-8)R;+64:L?339""P"G

    " 9 3 9 H 3 "K :"+ *

    4

    4 3 L 22

    :0:"+

    *0

    3:"K:"+

    "

    K

    0!G

    44

    :!"PK;3:

    :"+ * H

    6?AR

    !

    3" !

    ;43L=( R;

    30

    "

    : 9 3 "H" " ;

    :"+

  • " G

    "G " + 3 "P?8?)BK4

    "L4K4

    : 9 !"K !3:4 3 4:"+

    ?"Y 3:

    4:" H:

    AY4: : 99 " 0"K" 3" H:" 9 L 4 "0 "

    " 3 9 3 H 3" :L ) 9 E "4! ! " 4:":"+*KGL"?Y"H;""

    HK33K99

    I??)-8)R?8?)BRK4:

    34:"+

    (--(D$AD$A-$C$D1

    I??@;?Y("Y4;$'!3:H0

    9"

    :"+ * "" 4 " (""00P

    "

    3:

    :L

    3"H G

    " 4

    3G

    ! :3 0 K 3"

    ::"+ I?? )-8)L AY 3 ":" 3

    3" 3 G

    4:" H:

    4::"+7:"3034:33:H

    9:LI??R3"H

    :3HK3G43

    :4:"+

    .":

    G/?4K

    3:K4H;H3+

    $&0

    3G9H:4" H 0

    G

    : 9 9I??)-8)3KG

    K43G"0":+*G

    "

    :4HGLK

    ?8?)BKLK"0:"+*

    :!33"L0"H9":"L3"LG!43L"P:"+

  • D$'1D$-D(D,)-)*)0)(C

    $#R

    3" " 4

    3:

    :"+ * 4

    "! "

    3;

    ""

    0+I??)-8) KG

    9 49 G

    3 P94

    9LIN"K;3:

    +I??@

    ; 3 6" ! " ; IN "6"3 3 "! "

    $' :"9+

    I?? )-8) 3: 3 ?3" H:"

    : H3+):""""A"3:G99"L:"0P:3;9"H

    K

    """+*3;

    #

    3IN"4:"H0

    :LH:"303:LHH

    9+I??)-8)"H"39

    34" H

    ;"4" !"G3" + 60""$&$$&%3:

    3"?"K"

    99+* 33:

    " 0 " K :" 9 ;:0:GHP4:":"+

  • *4 " IO " "

    0

    +*

    4:3 "K

    HK4""::3+

    *

    3"I??)-8)L?8?)BL"!4:" 3 "

    : 4H; : LK 3:3;4H3:3 "G4:4K":LG"0:9"":"+;

    3"3! G

    4: 9 :" "3"":"+

    ,)-),$C1A2*2-$D1

    I??)-8)R33:"""KH:

    0:","! "

    4:L3KG34":H:"+

    ("L$&3I??)-8)L?8?)B3:"K:"+I??@;Y]':LI??*"F4K9":K:"9"K34:3H"L:LL3"" 0: G 3" 3 ":K 9 4

    3G:""!:":"+

    *)"" 9 ?R 4K: K"GL?R H;: 9 :L

    3 " :

    H 0

    H:" 9 ;"!

    9

    L " H0 "

    "::";

    :

    9G3K43

    G;:

    +

    ": " L " 9P ": + *

    3 H ?" 9 )""R.?)/$9:"+)L39":"0"H"3+"PH4""0H"6:"6.66/=;94

    ?R":

    3:

    "H

  • $'%?)":4"HH

    9""

    +> D)(L"F!6>6 D8=L?)(F8 D8=L

  • ?:

    ;3":L4H:

    P"G"0L:"+F0 4 ' H: 3" :H AHK0 04"+O0"::L4:4

    + 043343+O4;+

    00"+ 9:"34?)@"KL3:4L4 "94K:0G"+F

    3H:

    :H

    9K"G

    +

    @G 4 H:"+

  • "

    9 3KG 3"f!3: + $' 0

    ; 3 "3R9+*"0"+$'3=;R93"4K0+

    $'3HH:49"3+=;RK"3H43:?)@"KO+(!I)6-3H;9J34+C))(R0>4;R4GL3";3:

    4K0 "" GJ "" 9+ * 394;

    " H:" J* 4 ? R % " 9+ )G4HK+(G"49LER4K:"?)RH:";

    9PP;"4K:"3L9+

  • $ ?)R4:"H0"Q

    4:5:;$ 'H0G""L"3:43;L"0""":"+*'"L"+*G339L"+

    3"

    9L

    $ O4 K" 0Q

  • $G ;Q "":"+++

    4:5:;$ 9"L H + ; H 4:H0"3"+E

    "

    4J"J""+ *L :

    ""L "0"

    G3+;"3:G"G3+*""L:4LHK;G+++

    $*G:9H:

    H0:00;3:Q

    )+-+@ G H L

    + 7 G"3K

    +H""+* 3H

    43 4

    + ?3 3 3 "+++?G ! L 3

    03 H GGL"+++