name: moisture in the atmosphere mega packet

NAME: MOISTURE IN THE ATMOSPHEREMEGA PACKET

A) wind speed and wind directionB) percentage of cloud cover and cloud heightC) air pressure and air temperatureD) relative humidity and dewpoint

1. A psychrometer is used to determine which weathervariables?

A) 90% B) 80% C) 14% D) 13%

2. What is the relative humidity when the dry-bulbtemperature is 16°C and the wet-bulb temperature is14°C?

A) barometric pressureB) cloud coverC) relative humidityD) wind speed

3. Which weather variable can be determined by using apsychrometer?

A) The relative humidity was decreasing and thechance of precipitation was decreasing.

B) The relative humidity was decreasing and thechance of precipitation was increasing.

C) The relative humidity was increasing and thechance of precipitation was decreasing.

D) The relative humidity was increasing and thechance of precipitation was increasing.

4. An observer measured the air temperature and thedewpoint and found the difference between them tobe 12°C. One hour later, the difference between theair temperature and the dewpoint was found to be4°C. Which statement best describes the changes thatwere occurring?

MOISTURE IN THE ATMOSPHERE

5. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below. The graph shows air temperature andrelative humidity at a single location during a 24-hour period.

A) 10% B) 15% C) 20% D) 30%

What was the approximate change in relative humidity from 12 noon to 4 p.m.?

A) Relative humidity was highest on day 1.B) The greatest amount of water vapor was in

the atmosphere on day 2.C) The base level for cloud formation was highest

on day 3.D) The chance of precipitation was greatest on day

4.

6. The chart below shows the air temperature and thedewpoint temperature near the ground at a givenlocation for four consecutive days. All temperatureswere recorded at noon.

Which statement is best supported by the data?

A) 15 g B) 20 g C) 25 g D) 30 g

7. The graph below shows the maximum possibleamounts of water vapor that air can hold at differenttemperatures.

What is the approximate maximum amount of watervapor that a cubic meter of air can hold at 20°C?


A) 1 a.m. B) 5 a.m.C) 3 a.m. D) 7 a.m.

8. The graph below shows the air temperature anddewpoint temperature at one location at four differenttimes during one morning.

At what time was the chance of precipitation thegreatest?

Base your answers to questions 9 and 10 on thegraph below, which shows the average dailyprecipitation for Paris, France, during an 8-yearperiod.

A) 13 mm/week B) 2 mm/weekC) 30 mm/week D) 91 mm/week

9. The average weekly precipitation total for Paris,France, during the 8-year period was approximately

A) Mondays and TuesdaysB) Wednesdays and ThursdaysC) Thursdays and FridaysD) Fridays and Saturdays

10. Which days showed the greatest difference inaverage precipitation during this 8-year period?

A) pressureB) wind directionC) convection currentsD) water vapor content

11. The dewpoint changes most directly as a result ofchanges in the atmosphere's

A) convection B) scatteringC) absorption D) refraction

12. The diagram below represents the path of visiblelight as it travels from air to water to air through aglass container of water.

The light did not travel in a straight line because of

A) 0º B) 30º NC) 90º N D) 90º S

13. At which of these latitudes would average annualprecipitation be greatest?

A) ozone B) oxygenC) water vapor D) carbon dioxide

14. Which gas in the atmosphere has the most influenceon day-to-day weather changes?

A) decreases B) increasesC) remains the same

15. As the dewpoint temperature of a sample of airdecreases, the amount of moisture in that sample ofair


A) B)

C) D)

16. In the diagram below, points A and B identify two points in the atmosphere above the surface of abody of water.

Which graph best represents the vapor pressure (amount of moisture) from point A to point B?

A) 45% B) 33% C) 14% D) 4%

17. What is the relative humidity if the dry-bulbtemperature is 16°C and the wet-bulb temperature is10°C?

A) 5°C B) 12°C C) 15°C D) 38°C

18. If the air temperature is 20°C and the relativehumidity is 58%, what is the dewpoint?

A) barometer B) anemometerC) psychrometer D) wind vane

19. Which weather instrument is most useful inmeasuring relative humidity?

A) –10°C B) 45°CC) 6°C D) 4°C

20. A student using a sling psychrometer measured awet-bulb temperature of 10°C and a dry-bulbtemperature of 16°C. What was the dewpoint?

A) 1°C B) –5°C C) 28°C D) 48°C

21. What is the dewpoint when the dry-bulb temperatureis 12°C and the wet-bulb temperature is 7°C?

A) 11% B) 20% C) 36% D) 67%

22. If air has a dry-bulb temperature of 2°C and awet-bulb temperature of –2°C, what is the relativehumidity?

A) Relative humidity is 29% with clear skies.B) Relative humidity is 29% with a good chance

of snow.C) Relative humidity is 93% with clear skies.D) Relative humidity is 93% with a good chance

of rain.

23. A dry-bulb temperature of 30°C and a wet-bulbtemperature of 29°C were recorded at a weatherstation. What are the relative humidity and the mostlikely weather conditions?


A) 5% B) 17% C) 20% D) 63%

24. The diagram below represents the wet-bulb and dry-bulb temperatures on a sling psychrometer

What was the relative humidity of the air when these temperatures were recorded?

A) 27°C B) 10°C C) 3°C D) –5°C

25. The diagram below shows dry-bulb and wet-bulbtemperature readings for a parcel of air.

What is the dewpoint of the air?

A) 3°C B) 20°C C) 22°C D) 23°C

26. What is the dewpoint when the air temperature is26°C and the relative humidity is 77%?


A) 8% B) 11% C) 32% D) 60%

27. The diagram below shows the temperature readings on a weather instrument.

Based on these readings, the relative humidity of the air is closest to

A) 0ºC B) 10ºCC) 20ºC D) 100ºC

28. What is the dewpoint if the relative humidity is100% and the air temperature is 20ºC?

A) 16°C B) 18°C C) 20°C D) 21°C


A) 5°C B) 12°C C) 14°C D) 16°C

30. The diagram below shows a sling psychrometer.

Based on the dry-bulb temperature and the wet-bulb temperature, what is the dew point?

A) 6% B) 37% C) 51% D) 83%

31. On a cold winter day, the air temperature is 2°C andthe wet-bulb temperature is –1°C. What is therelative humidity at this location?

A) –28°C B) 2°CC) 6°C D) 9°C

32. What is the dewpoint temperature when the relativehumidity is 30% and the air temperature is 20°C?


A) –19°C and 4% B) –5°C and 25% C) 8°C and 4O% D) 12°C and 53%

33. The weather instrument below is used to determine dewpoint and relative humidity.

Based on the temperature shown, the approximate dewpoint and relative humidity are


A) –5°C B) 2°C C) 8°C D) 33°C

34. The weather instrument shown below can be used to determine dewpoint.

Based on the values shown, the dewpoint is

A) 5% B) 14% C) 60% D) 68%

35. What is the relative humidity if the dry-bulbtemperature is 22°C and the wet-bulb temperature is17°C?

A) 19% B) 2% C) 33% D) 40%

36. The weather instrument below can be used todetermine relative humidity.

Based on the temperatures shown, the relativehumidity is


A) The dewpoint is farther from the condensationpoint, causing rain.

B) The air temperature is closer to thedewpoint, making cloud formation morelikely.

C) The amount of moisture in the air is greater,making the air heavier.

D) The specific heat of the moist air is greater thanthe drier air, releasing energy.

37. Which statement best explains why an increase inthe relative humidity of a parcel of air generallyincreases the chance of precipitation?

A) 6% B) 20% C) 54% D) 60%

38. What is the relative humidity when the airtemperature is 29°C and the wet-bulb temperature is23°C?

A) 66% B) 58% C) 51% D) 12%

39. The diagram below shows a sling psychrometer.

Based on the dry-bulb temperature and the wet-bulb temperature, what is the relative humidity?

A) 11°C B) 2°C C) 28°C D) 4°C

40. What is the difference between the dry-bulbtemperature and the wet-bulb temperature when therelative humidity is 28% and the dry-bulbtemperature is 0°C?

A) 6°C B) 14°C C) 24°C D) 29°C

41. A parcel of air has a dry-bulb temperature of 24°Cand a relative humidity of 55%. What is thedewpoint of this parcel of air?

A) 1°C B) 2°C C) –3°C D) –5°C

42. The data below represent some of the weatherconditions at a Vermont location on a wintermorning.

What was the dewpoint at this time?


A) –9ºC B) 19ºC C) 8ºC D) 4ºC

43. What is the dewpoint temperature when the dry-bulbtemperature is 12°C and the wet-bulb temperature is4°C?

Base your answers to questions 44 and 45 on the graph below, which shows the changes in relativehumidity and air temperature during a spring day in Washington, D.C.

A) 47% and 32°F B) 65% and 32°F C) 47% and 48°F D) 65% and 48°F

44. What were the relative humidity and air temperature at noon on this day?

A) Relative humidity decreases as air temperature decreases.B) Relative humidity decreases as air temperature increases.C) Relative humidity increases as air temperature increases.D) Relative humidity remains the same as air temperature decreases.

45. Which statement best describes the relationship between relative humidity and air temperature asshown by the graph?

A) 5°C B) 7°C C) 3°C D) 10°C

46. A student used a sling psychrometer to measure thehumidity of the air. If the relative humidity was 65%and the dry-bulb temperature was 10°C, what wasthe wet-bulb temperature?

A) 5°C B) 7°CC) 9°C D) –17°C



A) B)

C) D)

48. Which graph best shows the relationship between the probability of precipitation and the differencebetween air temperature and dewpoint?

A) The amount of cloud cover decreases.B) The probability of precipitation decreases.C) The relative humidity increases.D) The barometric pressure increases.

49. Which weather change usually occurs when thedifference between the air temperature and thedewpoint temperature is decreasing?

A) 10% B) 33% C) 41% D) 59%

50. When the dry-bulb temperature is 22°C and thewet-bulb temperature is 13°C, the relative humidityis

A) 8°C B) –18°CC) 36°C D) 4°C


A) 11% B) 13% C) 71% D) 80%

52. A parcel of air has a dry-bulb temperature reading of16°C and a wet-bulb temperature reading of 13°C.What is the relative humidity?

A) 1% B) 14% C) 33% D) 54%

53. The air outside a classroom has a dry-bulbtemperature of 10ºC and a wet-bulb temperature of4ºC. What is the relative humidity of this air?

A) 1ºC B) –9ºC C) 6ºC D) 22ºC

54. What is the dewpoint when the dry-bulb temperatureis 14ºC and the wet-bulb temperature is 8ºC?

A) 6% B) 22% C) 25% D) 41%

55. When the dry-bulb temperature is 14°C and thewet-bulb temperature is 8°C, the relative humidity is

A) 9% B) 2% C) 17% D) 30%

56. What is the relative humidity of a sample of air thathas a dry-bulb temperature of 20ºC and a wet-bulbtemperature of 11ºC?

A) 1°C B) -2°C C) -5°C D) 4°C


A) -19°C B) -16°CC) 7ºC D) 9ºC



A) -5ºC dewpoint and 33% relative humidityB) -5ºC dewpoint and 45% relative humidityC) 4ºC dewpoint and 33% relative humidityD) 4ºC dewpoint and 45% relative humidity

59. A parcel of air has a dry-bulb temperature of 16ºCand a wet-bulb temperature of 10ºC. What are thedewpoint and relative humidity of the air?

A) 8.0ºC B) 10.ºC C) 11ºC D) 12ºC

60. What is the approximate dewpoint temperaturewhen the dry-bulb temperature is 18ºC and thewet-bulb temperature is 14.5ºC?

A) -10°C and 16% B) -10°C and 50%C) 4°C and 16% D) 4°C and 50%

61. A sling psychrometer shows a dry-bulb reading of14°C and a wet-bulb reading of 9°C. What are thedewpoint and the relative humidity?

A) 11ºC B) 13ºC C) 3ºC D) 19ºC

62. What is the wet-bulb temperature when the airtemperature is 16ºC and the relative humidity is71%?

A) 1ºC B) -5ºC C) 6ºC D) 4ºC

63. What is the dewpoint temperature when the dry-bulbtemperature is 12ºC and the wet-bulb temperature is7ºC?

A) 1º C B) -10º CC) 7º C D) 4º C

64. What is the approximate dewpoint temperature if thedry-bulb temperature is 18ºC and the wet-bulbtemperature is 11ºC?

A) 17% B) 30% C) 33% D) 55%

65. When the dry-bulb reading of a thermometer is 20ºCand the wet-bulb reading is 11ºC, the relativehumidity is approximately


66. What is the approximate dewpoint temperature whenthe dry-bulb temperature is 24ºC and the wet-bulbtemperature is 18ºC?

A) 1ºC B) -2ºC C) -5ºC D) 4ºC


A) A B) B C) C D) D

68. The table below shows dry-bulb and wet-bulbtemperature readings taken at four differentlocations, A, B, C, and D.

Which location has the lowest relative humidity?

A) -17°C B) 6°CC) 3°C D) 4°C


A) freezing B) evaporationC) condensation D) transpiration

70. Which event usually occurs when air is cooled to itsdewpoint temperature?



A) The glass sides of the aquarium are warmerthan the water.

B) The air in the aquarium is 50% saturated.C) The relative humidity outside the aquarium is

100%.D) The air in the aquarium is saturated.

72. In the closed aquarium shown in the diagram below,the amount of water evaporating is equal to theamount of water vapor condensing.

Which statement best explains why these amountsare equal?


A) 5.0°C B) 11°CC) 15°C D) 20.°C

73. What is the approximate dewpoint?

A) 7ºC B) 10ºCC) 3ºC D) -25ºC

74. What is the approximate dewpoint temperature if thedry-bulb temperature is 13ºC and the wet-bulbtemperature is 10ºC?

A) the atmosphere is relatively dryB) the air is at its saturated vapor pressureC) the air pressure is highD) transpiration equals evaporation

75. The relative humidity is 100% when

A) 1ºC B) 6ºC C) –6ºC D) –9ºC

76. What is the approximate dewpoint temperature whenthe dry-bulb reading is 14ºC and the wet-bulbreading is 8ºC?

A) –25°C B) 7°CC) 3°C D) 4°C

77. The two thermometers below show the dry-bulb andwet-bulb temperatures of the air.

What is the approximate dewpoint temperature ofthe air?

A) midnight B) 6 a.m.C) 10 a.m. D) 4 p.m.

78. The graph below shows the changes in airtemperature and dewpoint temperature over a24-hour period at a particular location. At what timewas the relative humidity lowest?

A) 1°C B) 5°CC) 3°C D) –13°C

79. What is the approximate dewpoint temperature if thedry-bulb temperature is 11°C and the wet-bulbtemperature is 8°C?


A) electromagnetic energy transferred from theSun to the Moon

B) solar energy transferred through space toEarth's surface

C) heated air in the lower atmospheretransferred upward by density differences

D) heat from radioactive decay transferred bymolecular collisions to surrounding mantle rock

80. Which transfer of energy occurs mainly through theprocess of convection?

A) melting B) freezingC) condensation D) evaporation

81. Which process releases 2260 joules of heat energyper gram of water into the environment?

A) The air warms as it expands.B) The air cools until it reaches the dewpoint.C) The air's relative humidity decreases to zero.D) The air enters the thermosphere.

82. The incomplete flowchart below shows some of the changes that occur in warm air as it rises to forma cloud.

Which statement should be placed in the empty box to accurately complete the flowchart?

A) saturated air and dewpoint temperature muchlower than air temperature

B) unsaturated air and dewpoint temperature muchhigher than air temperature

C) saturated air and equal dewpoint and airtemperatures

D) unsaturated air and equal dewpoint and airtemperatures

83. Which atmospheric conditions are necessary forcondensation?

A) expanding airB) falling precipitationC) condensation nucleiD) condensing water vapor

84. When clouds form, heat energy is released into theatmosphere by

A) Dust particles are the main source of dissolvedsalts in the sea.

B) Dust particles increase the capacity of theatmosphere to hold water vapor.

C) Dust particles increase the amount ofevaporation that takes place.

D) Dust particles provide surfaces on whichwater vapor can condense.

85. Which statement best explains how atmospheric dustparticles influence the water cycle?

A) saturated and contains no condensation nucleiB) saturated and contains condensation nucleiC) unsaturated and contains no condensation

nucleiD) unsaturated and contains condensation nuclei

86. Condensation will most likely occur in a givenvolume of air when the air is


A) melting B) freezingC) condensation D) evaporation

87. Which process releases 2260 joules of heat energyper gram of water into the environment?

A)

B)

C)

D)

88. In which air sample will condensation most likelyoccur?

A) The air in the container is above the freezingpoint.

B) The ice is cooling the water in the container.C) The air in the container lacks condensation

nuclei.D) The water in the container is still evaporating.

89. The diagram below shows a sealed container holdingliquid water and clean air saturated with watervapor. (Relative humidity is 100%.) The containerhas been placed on a block of ice to cool.

Which statement best explains why a cloud has not formed in the sealed container?

A) wind speed decreasingB) air pressure increasingC) cool, moist air sinkingD) warm, moist air rising

90. Which condition will most likely result in theformation of a cloud?

A) compressing and coolingB) compressing and warmingC) expanding and coolingD) expanding and warming

91. Which two processes lead to cloud formation inrising air?

A) rising ® expanding ® cooling ® condensation

B) rising ® contracting ® warming ® evaporation

C) sinking ® expanding ® warming ® condensation

D) sinking ® contracting ® cooling ® evaporation

92. Which sequence of events affecting moist air withinEarth's atmosphere causes cloud formation?


93. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram of the water cycle below. Letter A represents a process in the water cycle. Points X and Y represent locations on Earth's surface.

A) condensation B) infiltration C) precipitation D) evaporation

Which process in the water cycle is directly responsible for cloud formation?

A) expands and coolsB) expands and warmsC) contracts and coolsD) contracts and warms

94. Cloud formation is likely to occur in rising airbecause rising air


95. Base your answer to the following question on the water cycle diagram shown below. Some arrowsare numbered 1 through 4 and represent various processes.

A) rises, expands, and cools B) rises, expands, and warmsC) sinks, compresses, and cools D) sinks, compresses, and warms

The clouds have formed primarily because moist air

A) air temperature reaches the dewpointB) evaporation has warmed the surrounding airC) relative humidity is 0%D) condensation nuclei have been removed from

the air

96. Clouds usually form when

A) rising of cold, moist airB) sinking of cold, moist airC) rising of warm, moist airD) sinking of warm, moist air

97. The diagram below shows a cross section of a coldfront.

The cloud formation and precipitation shown in thecross section are caused by the


A) saturated and have no condensation nucleiB) saturated and have condensation nucleiC) unsaturated and have no condensation nucleiD) unsaturated and have condensation nuclei

98. In order for clouds to form, cooling air must be

99. Base your answer to the following question on the weather map below, which shows a weathersystem that is affecting part of the United States.

A) Moist air rises and becomes saturated in clean air.B) Moist air rises, becomes saturated, and condenses on microscopic particles.C) Moist air falls and reaches the dewpoint in clean air.D) Moist air falls, reaches the dewpoint, and condenses on microscopic particles.

Which sequence of events forms the clouds associated with this weather system?

A) condensation B) transpirationC) precipitation D) radiation

100. Which process most directly results in cloudformation?

A) contracts and coolsB) contracts and warmsC) expands and coolsD) expands and warms

101. Clouds usually form when moist air rises becausethe air

A) saturated and have no condensation nucleiB) saturated and have condensation nucleiC) unsaturated and have no condensation nucleiD) unsaturated and have condensation nuclei

102. In order for clouds to form, cooling air must be


A) raindrops B) ozoneC) ice crystals D) sleet

103. The table below shows air temperatures and dewpoint temperatures at different elevations above sealevel.

Clouds that form at an elevation of 3 kilometerswill most likely be composed of

A) 1.0 km B) 1.5 kmC) 3.0 km D) 0.7 km

104. The diagram below shows air rising from theEarth's surface to form a thunderstorm cloud.

According to the Lapse Rate chart, what is theheight of the base of the thunderstorm cloud whenthe air at the Earth's surface has a temperature of20°C and a dewpoint of 12°C?

A) condensation B) evaporationC) precipitation D) melting

105. By which process are clouds, dew, and fog formed?

A) The air temperature is above the dewpoint,and no condensation nuclei are present.

B) The air temperature is at the dewpoint, andcondensation nuclei are abundant.

C) The relative humidity is zero, andcondensation nuclei are abundant.

D) The air temperature and air pressure arestable, and condensation nuclei are scarce.

106. Under which conditions is a cloud most likely toform at the Earth's surface?

A) cumulus clouds always formB) no dust is present in the airC) the air temperature drops below 0°CD) the air temperature equals the dewpoint

temperature

107. The base of a cumulus cloud was determined to be500 meters above the Earth's surface. This is thealtitude at which

A) clearing skiesB) cloud formationC) decreasing relative humidityD) increasing temperature

108. Which event will most likely occur in rising air?

A) A B) B C) C D) D

109. The table below shows the air temperature anddewpoint at each of four locations, A, B, C, and D.

Based on these measurements, which location hasthe greatest chance of precipitation?


A) cooled by expansion, causing water vaporto condense

B) cooled by compression, causing water vaporto condense

C) warmed by expansion, causing water vapor toevaporate

D) warmed by compression, causing water vaporto evaporate

110. A strong west wind steadily blew over LakeOntario picking up moisture. As this moist airflowed over the Tug Hill Plateau, the plateaureceived a 36-inch snowfall. This snow fell fromclouds that formed when rising air was

Base your answers to questions 111 and 112 on thediagram below, which shows the frontal boundarybetween mT and cP air masses.

A) The warm air rises, expands, and cools.B) The warm air sinks, expands, and warms.C) The cool air rises, compresses, and cools.D) The cool air sinks, compresses, and warms.

111. Why do clouds and precipitation usually occuralong the frontal surface?

A) cold front B) warm frontC) occluded front D) stationary front

112. If the front at ground level is moving toward city B. which type of weather front is shown?

A) frost B) hail C) fog D) dew

113. Which substance is a form of precipitation?

A) raising the air temperature within the cloudsB) providing condensation nucleiC) lowering the relative humidity within the

cloudsD) increasing the energy absorbed during

condensation and sublimation

114. People sometimes release substances into theatmosphere to increase the probability of rain by

A) B)

C) D)

115. Which graph best represents the relationshipbetween water droplet size and the chance ofprecipitation?

A) frost B) snow C) dew D) fog

116. Which is a form of precipitation?

A) The water droplets are too small to fall.B) The cloud is water vapor.C) The dewpoint has not yet been reached in the

cloud.D) There are no condensation nuclei in the cloud.

117. Why is it possible for no rain to be falling from acloud?


Base your answers to questions 118 through 121 on the map and the passage below and on yourknowledge of Earth science. The map shows four different locations in India, labeled, A, B, C, and D,where vertical sticks were placed in the ground on the same clear day. The locations of two cities inIndia are also shown.

Monsoons in India

A monsoon season is caused by a seasonal shift in the wind direction, which producesexcessive rainfall in many parts of the world, most notably India. Cherrapunji, in northeast India,received a record 30.5 feet of rain during July 1861. During the monsoon season from early Juneinto September, Mumbai, India averages 6.8 feet of rain. Mumbai's total average rainfall for theother eight months of the year is only 3.9 inches. Monsoons are caused by unequal heating rates of land and water. As the land heats throughoutthe summer, a large low-pressure system forms over India. The heat from the Sun also warms thesurrounding ocean waters, but the water warms much more slowly. The cooler air above the oceanis more dense, creating a higher air pressure relative to the lower air pressure over India.

A) compression, warming to the dewpoint, and condensationB) compression, warming to the dewpoint, and evaporationC) expansion, cooling to the dewpoint, and condesationD) expansion, cooling to the dewpoint, and evaporation

118. Which processes lead to cloud formation when humid air rises over India?


A) land having a higher density than waterB) water having a higher density than landC) land having a higher specific heat than waterD) water having a higher specific heat than land

119. The unequal heating rates of India's land and water are caused by

A) B)

C) D)

120. Which map shows both the dominant air pressure system that forms over India in the summer andthe direction of surface winds around this air pressure system? [High pressure = H, Low pressure = L]

A) A B) B C) C D) D

121. At which map location would no shadow be cast by the vertical stick at solar noon on the first dayof summer?


A) cold air moves to the east over warmer lake waterB) cold air moves to the west over warmer land regionsC) warm air moves to the east over colder lake waterD) warm air moves to the west over colder land regions

122. The striped areas on the map below show regions along the Great Lakes that often receive largeamounts of snowfall due to lake-effect storms.

These storms generally develop when

A) B)

C) D)

123. Which cross section best represents how surface winds form by midaftemoon near a shoreline on ahot summer day? [Diagrams are not drawn to scale.]


Base your answers to questions 124 through 127 on the reading passage about lake-effect snow andthe radar image map below, and on your knowledge of Earth science. The radar map shows areaswhere snowfall was occurring. The whitest area indicates where snowfall was heaviest.

Lake-Effect Snow

In late fall, cold air originating in Canada and then moving over the Great Lakes oftenproduces lake-effect snow in New York State. When the cold air mass moves across large areas of warmer lake water, water vapor enters thecold air. When this moist air moves over the cooler land, the moisture comes out of theatmosphere as snow. The effect is enhanced when the air that flows off the lake is forced overhigher land elevations. The areas affected by lake-effect snow can receive many inches of snowper hour. As the lakes gradually freeze, the ability to produce lake-effect snow decreases.

A) The ice prevents liquid water from evaporating into the atmosphere.B) The lower temperature of ice makes liquid water condense at a slower rate.C) More water is available to evaporate.D) Ice speeds up the air moving above it, so less water can evaporate.

124. Which statement best explains why lake-effect snow decreases when lakes freeze gradually?

A) air contracts as it sinks air warms to the dewpoint water evaporatesB) air expands as it rises air warms to the dewpoint water vapor condensesC) air contracts as it sinks air cools to the dewpoint water evaporatesD) air expands as it rises air cools to the dewpoint water vapor condense

125. Which list indicates the correct sequence in the formation of a lake-effect snow cloud?


A)

B)

C)

D)

126. Which map shows the most likely direction that winds were moving across Lake Ontario to producethis lake-effect snow?

A) mT B) mP C) cT D) cP

127. What is the most likely two-letter air mass symbol for an air mass from Canada that produceslake-effect snow in New York State?


A)

B)

C)

D)

128. Which cross section below best represents the conditions that cause early winter lake-effectsnowstorms in New York State?


A) temperature of the air above the landmasses is greater

B) specific heat of the land masses is greaterC) temperatures of the bodies of water are greaterD) air over the bodies of water becomes heavier

with additional water vapor

129. On sunny summer days, a breeze often developsthat blows from large bodies of water towardnearby land masses because the

A) rapidly, due to water’s low specific heatB) rapidly, due to water’s high specific heatC) slowly, due to water’s low specific heatD) slowly, due to water’s high specific heat

130. Large oceans moderate the climatic temperatures ofsurrounding coastal land areas because thetemperature of ocean water changes

A) A land breeze develops due to the lowerspecific heat of water and the higher specificheat of land.

B) A sea breeze develops due to the higherspecific heat of water and the lower specificheat of land.

C) The beaches are closer to the Equator than theinland locations are.

D) The beaches are farther from the Equator thanthe inland locations are.

131. Why are most beaches often considerably coolerthan nearby inland locations on hot summerafternoons?

A) in the path of prevailing winds from LakeOntario

B) in the Northern HemisphereC) near the Atlantic OceanD) west of the Hudson-Mohawk Lowlands

132. The heavy lake-effect snowfalls in the Tug HillPlateau region occur primarily because the plateauis located

A) B)

C) D)

133. Adjacent water and land surfaces have the sametemperature at sunrise on a clear, calm day. Asurface wind develops after the water and land areheated by the Sun for a few hours. On which mapdo the arrows best represent the direction of thiswind?

A)

B)

C)

D)

134. Which graph best shows the relationship betweenwindspeed and the average height of ocean wavesformed by the wind?


A) lower temperature and lower barometricpressure

B) lower temperature and higher barometricpressure

C) higher temperature and lower barometricpressure

D) higher temperature and higher barometricpressure

135. In the diagram below, arrows represent airmovement near an ocean coastline on a summerafternoon.

Compared to the air over the ocean, the air over theland has a

A) interaction of the hydrosphere with themoving atmosphere

B) interaction of the lithosphere with the movingtroposphere

C) absorption of short-wave radiation in thestratosphere

D) absorption of energy in the asthenosphere

136. The cartoon below presents a humorous look atwave action.

The ocean waves that are providing enjoyment forRoy's companion are the result of the

A) Winds usually blow from hot to cold areas.B) Winds never blow from the shore toward the

ocean.C) Air pressure over the ocean is higher than

air pressure over the land.D) Air pressure over the land is higher than air

pressure over the ocean.

137. During the warmest part of a June day, breezesblow from the ocean toward the shore at the beach.Which statement best explains why this happens?


A) B)

C) D)

138. Which cross section best shows the normalmovement of the air over Oswego, New York, on avery hot summer afternoon?

A) The air temperature over the land is lowerthan the air temperature over the ocean, and abreeze blows from the land.

B) The air temperature over the land is higherthan the air temperature over the ocean, and abreeze blows from the land.

C) The air pressure over the land is higher thanthe air pressure over the ocean, and a breezeblows from the ocean.

D) The air pressure over the land is lower thanthe air pressure over the ocean, and abreeze blows from the ocean.

139. Which conditions are most likely to develop over aland area next to an ocean during a hot, sunnyafternoon?

A) a high-pressure system over the landB) a hurricane approaching from the oceanC) a cold front that is slowly approaching the

land from the oceanD) the air temperature being higher over the

land than over the ocean

140. A cool breeze is blowing toward the land from theocean on a warm, cloudless summer day. Thiscondition is most likely caused by

Answer KeyMOISTURE IN THE ATMOSPHERE MEGA PACKET

1. D2. B3. C4. D5. B6. B7. A8. D9. A10. D11. D12. D13. A14. C15. A16. D17. A18. B19. C20. D21. A22. C23. D24. D25. C26. C27. C28. C29. C30. B31. C32. B33. C34. B35. C36. C

37. B38. D39. B40. D41. B42. C43. A44. C45. B46. B47. B48. C49. C50. B51. A52. C53. C54. A55. D56. D57. A58. D59. D60. D61. D62. B63. A64. D65. B66. C67. A68. A69. B70. C71. B72. D

73. B74. A75. B76. A77. B78. D79. B80. C81. C82. B83. C84. D85. D86. B87. C88. B89. C90. D91. C92. A93. A94. A95. A96. A97. C98. B99. B100. A101. C102. B103. C104. A105. A106. B107. D108. B

109. D110. A111. A112. B113. B114. B115. D116. B117. A118. C119. D120. A121. B122. A123. D124. A125. D126. A127. D128. A129. A130. D131. B132. A133. A134. A135. C136. A137. C138. A139. D140. D

name: moisture in the atmosphere mega packet

Documents