national conference retrofitting of renewable energy and energy...

Ashok Kumar

Senior Principal Scientist &

Head, Architecture & Planning

CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee

Green Retrofitting of Existing Buildings:

CSIR- Central Building Research Institute Initiatives

December 18, 2014

National Conference

Retrofitting of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Systems

for Sustainable Habitat

• Challenges & Issues

• Existing Building Stock - Impacts

• Green Buildings & Green Retrofitting

• Assessment of the Parameters

• Initiatives by CSIR- CBRI

• Concluding Remarks

Outline of the Presentation


Some Solutions to these Challenges

Green Buildings, Retrofitting Existing Buildings

& Sustainable Cities

Challenges


Water Shortage Climate Change Energy Shortage Urbanization

Challenges

Conservation of Natural Resources

3 billion tons of limestone

13 billion tons of aggregates

Climate Change (Green House Gas Emissions)

Need to reduce “greenhouse” gas emissions to combat global warming

6-7% of the World CO2 emissions from Cement production

One ton of Cement produces ~0.9 ton of CO2

Cement production is highly energy intensive process.

Construction – the largest Consumer of Resources


Research

Focus World

Over

Construction Process

Majority of the Energy Consumption and Environmental Impacts (CO₂ emission, Resource use

& Replacement, wear and tear, Water Pollution etc.) takes place during the Life – Cycle stage

Source: Osman Attmann


The main source of GHG emissions from buildings is energy consumption.

Energy is consumed during: (i) Manufacturing of building materials (‘Embedded’ or ‘Embodied Energy’) (ii) Transporting the materials from production plants to building sites (‘Grey’ Energy) (iii) Construction of building (Induced Energy) (iv) Operation of the building (‘Operational’ Energy).

Green House Gas Emissions


Existing Building Stock India has about 27.87 Billion sqm.

Buildings use about 50% of all the energy

produced in our planet during operation for

heating, cooling, lighting and also during

building construction (ERG et al.1999).

Major part of this consumption is directly related to buildings use & Approx. 80% of GHG

emissions take place during the Operational

Phase of Buildings, when energy is used for

HVAC, lighting, appliances and other

applications.


In terms of Sustainability, Retrofitting

Existing Buildings is one of the Most

Effective Strategies

Retrofitting Existing Buildings

into Green can help address National issues - Energy

& Water Efficiency, Conserving the Natural

Resources, Handling of all kinds of Wastes etc.


Sustainable

GREEN

Ecological Performance

Relationship between the Green Categories

Conceptual Framework

for Measuring

the “Greenness

of Architecture”


Sustainability, Ecology & Performance

Requires

• Elements (Technology & Materials) - E

• Resources - R

• Environmental – Env

No. of Attributes

Measuring Green

For example: Building can be completely or barely

sustainable or un-sustainable depending upon the

number of attributes it possesses within each of the sub-

categories – EREnv.


Sustainable

• Elements (Technology & Materials) – Durable, Economical, Recyclable, Low -Maintenance

• Resources – Onsite conditions, Cost –effectiveness, Accessibility, Natural Forces

• Environmental – Healthy, Habitable, Social, Safety & security

Attributes Measuring

Green


Performance

• Elements (Technology & Materials) – Efficiency, Effectiveness & Productivity

• Resources – Economic, Eco- behaviour, Design

• Environmental – Adaptability, Functionality, Env. Quality


Attributes

Six Goals for an Overall Sustainability Assessment

Optimization of site / existing structure potential;

Optimization of energy use;

Protection and conservation of water resources;

Use of environmental friendly materials & products;

Enhance IEQ; and

Optimized O & M practices and create built

environments that are livable, comfortable, safe,

and productive.


GRIHA - Green building design evaluation system, is suitable for all

kinds of buildings (except factory buildings) in different climatic zones of

the country & NOT applicable for existing buildings.

Categorization

• Site Selection and Site Planning (15%).

• Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (35%).

• Water Efficiency (15%).

• Materials and Resources (14%).

• Health and Well Being (15%).

• Solid Waste Management (6%).

• Innovation (beyond 100).

Project Totals: 104 Possible Points

(GRIHA, 2012 )

Green Rating for Integrated Habitat

Assessment (GRIHA)


Scope of buildings

LEED Core & Shell, LEED New Construction, LEED Schools, LEED

Retail, LEED Healthcare, LEED Commercial Interiors, LEED Homes,

LEED Existing Buildings and LEED Neighborhood Development.

LEED –India has been modified by Indian Green Building Council (IGBC)

LEED 2009, includes: (New Construction and Major Renovations.

• SS- Sustainable Sites: (26 Possible Points)

• WE- Water Efficiency: (10 Possible Points)

• EA- Energy & Atmosphere: (35 Possible Points) • MR- Materials & Resources: (14 Possible Points)

• EQ- Indoor Environmental Quality: (15 Possible Points)

• ID- Innovation & Design Process: (6 Possible Points)

• RP- Regional Priority: (4 Possible Points)


Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) - The most dominant system adapted worldwide.

(LEED, USGBC 2011)


BREEAM is the first commercially available EA tool for buildings & has been

used by many other rating systems as their development basis.

Scope of buildings

BREEAM is used for the certification of projects anywhere in the world. UK, Spain,

Sweden and Norway, etc.

Categorization

BREEAM Europe Commercial covers Europe offices, retail and industrial buildings.

Each section has its own weighting and categories are:

• MAN- Management: (10 possible points).

• HEA- Health and Wellbeing: (14 possible points).

• ENE- Energy: (21 possible points).

• TRA- Transport: (10 possible points).

• WAT- Water: (6 possible points).

• MAT- Material: (12 possible point)

• WST- Waste: (7 possible points).

• LE- Land Use and Ecology: (10 possible point)

• POL- Pollution: (12 possible points).

• Innovation: (10 possible points).


Building Research Establishment

Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM)

(BREEAM Europe Commercial 2009)


Green Buildings

ASHRAE Standard 189.1 -

describes the High Performance

Green Building as - designed,

constructed and capable of being

operated in a manner that increases

environmental performance and

economic value over time.


Concept of Developing Sustainable Cities


Why Retrofitting Existing Buildings?

A city of only new green buildings does not

make a sustainable city - we also need to

address green retrofitting of existing

buildings along with other wider issues such

as waste management, water conservation,

efficient transportation and renewable

energy usage to reduce impact on the

environment.


Green Retrofit • Green Retrofits - are any kind of upgrade(s)

at an existing building that is wholly or

partly occupied -

• To improve energy and environmental

performance,

• To improve the comfort,

• To reduce water use,

• To improve the quality of space in terms of natural light, air quality, and noise etc.

All done that is financially viable with

payback guarantees.

(Source: USGBC)



Retrofitting Existing Buildings

Buildings which were constructed about

50-60 years before and that have a

remaining service life of minimum 20-25

years - presents a good retrofitting

potential for energy saving in buildings

through active & passive strategies.

Refurbishment , Retrofitting & Renovation

Refurbishment – returning the building or its systems to their

original condition, addressing the forces of physical obsolescence.

Renovation - attacks the effects of obsolescence.

Retrofitting - the replacement & up gradation of old systems and

addition of new technologies for the purpose of improved

efficiency to address technological or environmental

obsolescence.[Richard Hyde, 2013]

Application of both Technical & Non- technical Strategies can be applied to existing buildings through the process

of retrofitting using Bioclimatic & Eco- design Principles.

Olgyay , 1963


Initiatives by CSIR- CBRI

Green Buildings,

Green Retrofitting

& Sustainability


• Envelope Retrofit -(Glazing, Walls, Roofs, etc.)

• Insulation Retrofit (Walls, & Roof ) – Experimental Models

– Experimental data & Simulation Results validated

• Solar Retrofit - (BIPV roofs, etc.) – CBRI Main Building

• Energy Retrofit - (Active Retrofit - Lighting, HVAC etc.)

– Simulation of CBRI Main Building

• Water Retrofit Strategies (Rooftop Rainwater

Harvesting, Ground Water Recharge, Surface Water Collection, Water Bodies etc.)

• Evaporative Cooling - CBRI Library Block

CSIR – CBRI Research Initiatives


• Bioclimatic Retrofitting (Naturally ventilated, solar

heated/ cooled, well insulated, optimum daylight, Use

fresh air etc.)

• Roof & Wall Retrofit (Green roof & walls)

• Retrofitting for reducing Embodied Energy

Research on Sustainable & Green Retrofitting


Bioclimatology relates to the study of climate

(climatology) to the human beings that relates

bioclimatic data to thermal comfort limits, to identify

design strategies (OLGYAY, 1973).

Bioclimatic design is an approach that takes

advantage of the climate through the right

application of design elements and building

technology to control the heat transfer process.

Bioclimatic Design

In 1963, the Bioclimatic term was used for the first time

by Victor Olgyay.


Energy Efficiency

Heat Protection

Micro-climate

Landscaping

Natural Vegetation

Water body

Solar Control

WWR

Glazing

Shading

Natural Resources Optimization

Renewable Energy Usage

Solar Panels

Intelligent Building

Envelope(IBE)

Day lighting

Heat Dissipation

Thermal Mass

Mass Effect

Insulation

Fixed / Movable

Insulation

Passive Cooling

Natural Ventilation

Evaporative Cooling

Green Retrofit Strategies to achieve Energy Efficiency

Active (Fans, HVAC, Solar Renewable etc.)

Passive (Solar & Thermal Control and Passive Cooling

etc.)


Experimental Models at CSIR- CBRI Campus


Retrofitting Strategies for Energy Conservation

• Insulation – Wall & Roof

• Green Roof & Walls

• Shading

• Landscaping - Improving the

Microclimate

• Evaporative cooling


Approaches to Green Buildings /Retrofit

a. Designing for Biodiversity – To minimize any impact upon the local ecology and to deliver wider ecological benefits / enhancements. This can be achieved through- i) Series of water bodies to cool down the air temperature; ii) Reduce storm water, run –off, shading, etc.

b. Use of Pervious Concrete – Pervious / Permeable concrete instead of conventional concrete to enhance the replenishment of ground water.

Interventions without touching the building


Approaches to Green Retrofit

c. Vegetative surface on Roof – To slow down the rainwater runoff, helping to keep the building cool, ameliorating “Urban Heat Island” effect and contributing to the filtration of pollutants from the atmosphere. d. Green Walls – Vertical vegetated surfaces on solid walls, providing visual amenity for the public and helping rainfall attenuation, dust filtration, and reduce urban heat island effect.

Interventions with touching the building


Approaches to Green Retrofit

e. Composting – To recycle organic waste from fruit peels, grass clipping, leaves, etc. and mix into garden soil –to improve soil moisture retention; reduce municipal waste; to boost plants’ immune system; and to reduce the need for chemical fertilizers.

Interventions without touching the building


Window – to- Wall Ratio (WWR)

WWR


Glazing

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WWR = 45% WWR = 50% WWR = 60%

Single Double


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Composite Hot & Dry Warm & Humid Moderate

Single Double


Shading Devices


Ashoka Trees on

the south side for

shading in

summer and solar

access in winters

Existing Eucalyptus

Trees

Water body on the

south – east side for

natural cooling effect.

Fountain on the north –

west side for natural

cooling effect.

Retrofit Models with Landscape Elements


Landscaping - Trees

Without Trees 3 Trees in SE 5 Trees in SE


Green Roof Retrofit

System for

Buildings built with

Prefab Brick Panel

Roofing Technology

Green roof retrofits to improve the micro-climate can be used

efficiently in existing buildings where the additional load

carrying capacity of buildings about 75 – 100 kg/m² is

permissible.


• Technical and economic feasibility of green

roofs on prefab Brick Panel Roofing

system investigated for composite

climate of India.

• In Warm Summers, green roofs are suitable for

reducing the energy demand for the space

cooling, with annual reduction of the primary

energy requirements between 5% - 10%, without

worsening the winter energy performance. • Cost of Proposed Green Roof Retrofit is ≈ Rs.100 per

sqft..

Green Roofs


Parametric Study for making Existing Buildings Green

• Building Envelope Thermal Performance –

Improvements in Overall Thermal Transmittance of Opaque Wall Assemblies, Roofs , Fenestration - Glazing, Shading, Screens and Surface Finishes.

Retrofitting offers a great possibility to enhance the thermal comfort , indoor air quality and natural lighting

/ daylighting etc.

A key strategy for achieving energy savings.

The goal is to reduce the heat gain through the envelope


Building Envelope Improvements – Walls, Roofs , Fenestration -Glazing, Shading, Screens and

Surface Finishes (Overall Thermal Transmittance (U – value)

Enhancement of Thermal Performance - Roofs:

• Applying Over Deck Insulation

• Inverted earthen pots

• White glazed ceramic tiles or Vermiculite tiles

• Highly Reflective coatings

• Green Roofs etc.

Enhancement of Thermal Performance - Walls :

• Applying Thermal Insulation

• Providing Air Cavities in walls

• Green walls by Veg. / tiles

• Double skin facades

• Applying Coatings & Light colour paints

Glazing : S+D+T, Coatings / Films, WWR

Retrofitting Interventions vary for each type of

Wall & Roof & Glazing.


Opaque Wall Assembly U- factor and Insulation R-value Requirements as per ECBC 2007 & NBC 2013

None of the Wall Assemblies fulfill the Criteria

Source: ECBC,2008 & NBC - 2014


Burnt Brick Masonry (229 x 114 x 76mm)

345 mm burnt brick

U – Value: 1.720 W/m²K

229 mm burnt brick

U - Value :2.283 W/m²K 15mm cement plaster +

345 mm burnt brick +

15mm cement plaster

U – Value: 1.610 W/m²K

76m

m

76

mm

15mm thick

cement plaster


Cement Concrete Block Masonry (300 x 200 x 150 mm)

15mm cement plaster +

200 mm C.C. Block +

15mm cement plaster

U – Value – 2.348

W/m²K


150 mm C.C. Block +

15mm cement plaster

U – Value – 2.711 W/m²K


300 mm C.C. Block +

15mm cement plaster

U – Value – 1.851

W/m²K

15mm thick

cement plaster

15mm thick

cement plaster 15mm thick

cement plaster


Applying Insulation on Wall Surfaces

• The effect of insulation is to reduce heat gain / loss.

Insulation / materials with lower conductivity are preferred, as they are better insulators and reduce the external heat gains from the envelope.

• Insulation must be placed on the hotter side of the surface.

• In hot areas, insulation should be placed on the external side and In Cold Climates, Insulation on Inside


Criteria for Thermal Performance Rating

• Computing (K) and thermal transmittance (U-

factor) are prerequisites for the assessment of

thermal performance of building sections.

• Thermal Resistance (R) for a structure having plane parallel faces is equal to thickness (L) of the structure divided by thermal conductivity (K).

• Thermal conductance, C = K / L … (i) ,

• R = 1 / C = L / K ..….. (ii)

For a composite material comprising several layers of

conductivities K1, K2 etc. , and of thicknesses L1, L2 etc., the

Thermal Resistance is :

RT = R1 + R2 + R3 + R4 + R5 + ……. ………………… (iii)

Where, RT is the total resistance of the materials

• Eq. used for calculating the overall U- factor of typical wall assembly construction:

U = 1/ (1/hi + ∑ni=1 Li / Ki + 1/ ho)…….. (i)

Where, ho (19.86 W/(m2 K) and hi (9.36 W/(m2 K) are the

outside and inside film heat transfer coefficients; Li and

Ki are thicknesses and thermal conductivities of material

layers .

SP- 41 (S&T) -1987 & ASHRAE - 2009

Development of a MATLAB Program


Burnt Clay Brick Masonry (229 x 114 x 76 mm )


Sand Lime Brick Masonry (229 x 114 x 76 mm )

Sand lime brick

masonry 229 mm

Sand lime brick

15 mm CP 1:6

15 mm CP 1:6 - inside

Steel frame

63 mm EPS Insulation

fixed to steel frame

5 mm CP 1:1

10 mm C. plaster 1:7

with w. resist. putty &

white reflective paint

Chicken / WWM fixed

to insulation

E

x

i

s

t

i

n

g

R

e

t

r

o

f

i

t

(Existing U- value: 2.2063, Retrofit : 63 mm EPS, U-value : 0.44 )

Inside

Air Cavity of 20 mm reduces desired thickness by about 4%


U-values and thicknesses of retrofit insulation MATLAB Program

Air Cavity of 20 mm reduces desired thickness by about 4%


Fire Resistance

• Although Retrofit by Insulation is useful in improving energy efficiency, Fire Safety of the structures is equally important.

• Retrofitting Roofs by Insulation is preferred as it requires

minimum amount of interventions ; however, wall

insulation on the hotter side of the walls (outside) in all

types of climates except cold, will require major

renovation.

• But both the roof & wall insulation contributes immensely

in improving energy efficiency.


Roof Assembly U- factor and Insulation R-value

Requirements as per ECBC 2007 & NBC 2014

None of the Roofing Assemblies fulfill the Criteria

Source: ECBC,2008 & NBC - 2014


240 Options for Energy Efficiency Changing the Variables

Conventional Option ( without

Retrofitting)

• Roof – 35mm thick Brick Tiles +

75mm Mud Phuska + 100mm

RCC + 15mm CP

• Walls – 229mm burnt clay bricks

• Air changes per hour = 3

• WWR to 45 % & Single glazing

• Sun shading projection of 500

mm

Option -1 : (Retrofitted Model) • Reduced WWR to 15 %

• Double glazing

• Increased Sun shading projection

size up to 900 mm

• Ceiling height 3.9 m

• Roof insulated with 80 mm thick

PUF

• Cavity walls (229 mm internal wall

+ 50 mm air gap + 115 external

wall) Option-2 (Retrofitted Model )

• Reduced WWR to 15 %

• Double glazing

• Increased Sun shading

projection size up to 900 mm

• Green roof

• Cavity walls (229 mm internal

wall + 50 mm air gap + 115 mm

external wall.

Options for Energy Efficiency

Option-6 • WWR of 45 % • Double glazing & Outer Glazing With

Film in the vision panel • Sun shading projection size of 500

mm • Roof insulated with 100 mm thick PUF

+ 35 mm thick vermiculite tiles & white reflective paint

• Walls – 400mm CC blocks • Windows open from 18:00 to 9:00

hrs. (ac/h = 5) along with exhaust fan

Option-12 • Roof – 50mm thick Brick

Tiles + 100 mm thick PUF + 120mm RCC + 15mm CP

• Walls – 229 mm thick Sand-lime bricks


SPV Modules mounted on

Roof Tops in the

CSIR-CBRI Building


Description Value

Building size Two and three storeyed with entrance on ground floor

Front orientation North West

Operating schedule 8:45 to 17:30 ( 5days / week)

Walls Burnt clay brick masonry 345 mm thickness

Roof Reinforced cement concrete 100 & 120mm thick

Floor Reinforced cement concrete 120mm thick

Windows type Single glazed, clear glass, 3 mm thickness with & without

horizontal or vertical blinds

Window sizes Width varies from 1500mm to 2700mm & height varies from

1350 mm to 1650mm

Window shading Blinds

Local shading type Both horizontal & vertical louvers

Occupancy 1 person per 9 m2 to 20m2

Lighting type Compact fluorescent

Lighting power density 10 w/m2

Cooling type Window & split air - conditioners

Cooling power density 40 to 60 w/m2

Ventilation power

density

5 w/m2

Table : Boundary conditions of the reference building for simulation


Description Number of

Units per

Hour

Cost 2010

(Indian

Rupee)

Cost 2014

(Indian

Rupee)

Total Units generated by

DG sets

300

Diesel Consumption

(2 x 50 liters / hour)

100 liters /

hour

(3 units/liter)

Cost of Diesel Rs 39 per liter Rs. 51 per

liter

Cost of unit generated by

DG sets

Rs. 13 per

unit

Rs. 17.0 per

unit

Net cost of unit generated

considering operation &

maintenance costs

Approx.

Rs.15.00 per

unit

Rs. 19.0 per

unit

Diesel consumption and cost of units generated

through DG sets


Avg. AC Age

(<5 Years)

Avg. AC Age

(5-10 Years)

(Old technology)

Avg. AC Age

(10 - 20 Years)

(Old Technology)

Nos. Total

Installed

capacity (In

TR)

Nos. Total

Installed

capacity (In

TR)

Nos. Total

Installed

capacity

(In TR)

16 12 x 1.5 + 4

x 2 = 26

28 28 x 1.5 = 42 46

(50%)

34 x 1.5 +

12 x 2 = 75

Table : Total installed capacity based on average age


Description Remarks

Total installed capacity of old AC Units 103 TR

Annual energy consumption by old air conditioners

considering 8 hrs./day and 150 days operation in a year

(103 x 1.71 x 8 x 150 kWh)

211,356 kWh

Annual energy consumption by new energy efficient air

conditioners operating for 6 hrs./day for 150

days/annum (103 x 1.40 x 6 x 150) kWh

129,780 kWh

Net energy saving 81576 units

Annual cost saving (81576 x 3.93/Unit) Rs. 3,20,593/-

Average cost of energy efficient Star labeled AC units

(1.5 TR)

Rs. 23,000/-

Total ACs which can be replaced 103 nos.

Total Investment required Rs. 23, 69,000/-

Table : Cost Benefit Analysis of energy efficient Star labeled air- conditioners

Description Remarks

Total number of tube lights installed in the reference

building

410

Total Power consumption ( 410 x 55 watts) 22.55 kWh

Total power consumption with T5 lamps ( 410 x 28 watts) 11.48 kWh

Net power saving with T5 lamps 11.07 kWh

Annual energy saving (Assuming 8 hours operation per

day for 260 days) (11.07 x 8 x 260 kWh)

23,025 kWh

Annual Cost saving @ 3.93 per unit Rs. 90,488/-

Cost of T5 lamp with conversion kit

Rs. 800/-

Total lamps which can be replaced 410

Total Investment Required Rs. 3,28,000/-

Table : Cost Benefit Analysis of improved Luminaires

Description Remarks

Total number of old ceiling fans installed in the reference

building

160

Total power consumption (160 x 96 Watts) 15.36 kW

Total power consumption with energy efficient ceiling fans

(160 x 50 watts )

8.00 kWh

Net power saving 7.36 kWh

Annual energy saving assuming 8 hours operation per day

for only 200 working days excluding the cold season (7.36 x

8 x 200 ) kWh

11,776 kWh

Annual cost saving @ 3.93 per unit Rs. 46,279/-

Cost of one energy efficient ceiling fan

Rs. 1500/-

Total fans which can be replaced 160

Total Investment Required Rs. 2,40,000/-

Table : Cost benefit analysis of energy efficient fans

Description Total (Rs.)

100 KWp Solar PV modules along with Solar Power Control Unit,

Battery Back-up, Solar Array Mounting Structure & fittings including

CST @ 5% (A)

2,62,00,000.00

Installation & Commissioning of Solar PV Plant (B) 8,00,000.00

Sub Total (A+B) 2,70,00,000.00

Service Tax on above @ 10.3% (C) 27,81,000.00

Total project cost for installation and commissioning (D) = (A+B+C) 2,97,81,000.00

Availability of Subsidy by MNRE, India @ 90% 2,68,02,900.00

Total Investment for CBRI, Roorkee 29,78,100.00

Average output achieved during May 7, 2013 till date 70% with

maximum reaching 79 % as against 90% (due to cloudy weather

during the period).

Power production with 70% output 70 KWh

9 hours per day (8:00 to 17:00 hours) = 9 x 70 630 KWh

Total production per annum with 75% efficiency 2,29,950 KWh

Payback period (@ Rs. 19/- per unit generated by DG sets) ≈ 7 months

Table : Cost – Benefit Analysis of Solar PV Plant

SPV modules mounted on roof tops in the reference building


SPV modules arranged in panels of five with a tilt of 25 degrees


Other Research Focus

• Low Carbon Cement

• Cement – free Concrete

• Bio- Concrete

• Recycled Aggregates

• Sustainable & Ecological Materials

- Utilization of Waste eg. Wood without Tree

- Energy Efficient Materials

- High Performance Materials &Technologies

• Low – VOC materials for interior finishes

And many more……


• Replacement of natural

wood in door & window

frames, furniture and

structural supports.

• Carpenter tool friendly.

• Meets requirements of

structural wood as per NBC .

• Moisture and termite

resistant.

Rice Husk Plastic Wood


• Conform to IS : 3087. • Fire resistant. • Easy to laminate and paint. • Pine needle available in Western Himalayas

Pine Needle Composite Boards


Natural Fibre Composite Panels & Door Shutters


• There is vast scope for energy efficiency

improvement in existing buildings.

• Studies have revealed, a savings potential of

40% lighting, cooling, ventilation, refrigeration

etc.

TO SUM UP ….


For Further Information Contact: [email protected] [email protected] +91 98970 74178, +91 1332 283204


mailto:[email protected]



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