nghien cuu mang ngn cua vnpt va cac dich vu tren ngn

HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

N TT NGHIP I HC

NGHIN CU MNG NGN CA VNPT V CC DCH V TRONG NGNGio vin hng dn : TS L Hu Lp Sinh vin thc hin : Trn Ngc Duy Lp : D2001VT

H Ni 10 - 2005

HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG KHOA VIN THNG 1 -------***-------

N TT NGHIP I HC ti:

NGHIN CU MNG NGN CA VNPT V CC DCH V TRONG NGNGio vin hng dn : TS L Hu Lp Sinh vin thc hin : Trn Ngc Duy Lp : D2001VT

H Ni 10 - 2005

HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

KHOA VIN THNG 1-------***-------

c Lp - T Do - Hnh Phc -------***-------

N TT NGHIP I HCH v tn: Trn Ngoc Duy Lp : D2001VT Kho : 2001 2006 Ngnh hc: in T - Vin Thng Tn ti: NGHIN CU MNG NGN CA VNPT V CC DCH V TRN NGN Ni dung n: Gii thiu chung v mng vin thng Cu trc mng NGN Dch v trong NGN. Mng NGN thc t ca VNPT Dch v trn NGN ca VNPT Ngy giao n:....... Ngy np n: ... Ngy . Thng Nm . Gio vin hng dn

TS. L Hu Lp

NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

im: ........ (bng ch ..)

Ngy . Thng . Nm

NHN XT CA GIO VIN PHN BIN

im: ........ (bng ch ..)

Ngy . Thng . Nm

MC LCTHUT NG VIT TT..............................................................................................i LI NI U...............................................................................................................1 CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V MNG VIN THNG.............................................3 Mng vin thng hin ti...............................................................................................3 Khi nim v mng vin thng......................................................................................3 c im mng vin thng hin nay..............................................................................5 Mng vin thng Vit Nam............................................................................................6 1.1.1.1H thng chuyn mch........................................................................................6 1.1.1.2H thng truyn dn............................................................................................6 1.1.1.3H thng bo hiu...............................................................................................7 1.1.1.4H thng truy nhp.............................................................................................7 1.1.1.5H thng qun l.................................................................................................7 1.1.1.6H thng ng b................................................................................................7 Nhng hn ch ca mng vin thng hin ti................................................................8 Mng NGN....................................................................................................................8 nh ngha.....................................................................................................................8 c im NGN..............................................................................................................9 Cc yu t thc y tin ti NGN................................................................................10 1.1.1.7Ci thin chi ph u t.....................................................................................10 1.1.1.8Xu th i mi vin thng................................................................................10 1.1.1.9Cc doanh thu mi............................................................................................11 Yu cu pht trin NGN..........................................................................................11 CHNG 2: CU TRC MNG NGN.....................................................................13 M hnh NGN ca cc t chc trn th gii................................................................13 M hnh ca ITU.........................................................................................................13 Mt s hng nghin cu ca IETF............................................................................14 M hnh ca MSF........................................................................................................14 M hnh ca TINA.......................................................................................................15 M hnh ca ETSI........................................................................................................16 Cu trc NGN..............................................................................................................18 Cu trc chc nng......................................................................................................18 Cc thnh phn ca NGN............................................................................................21 2.2.1.1Cu trc vt l ca NGN...................................................................................22 2.2.1.2Cc thnh phn ca NGN..................................................................................22 Cc giao thc trong NGN............................................................................................26 2.2.1.3H323 v SIP......................................................................................................26 2.2.1.4BICC, SIP-T v SIP-I.......................................................................................28 2.2.1.5MGCP, H248/MEGACO..................................................................................30 2.2.1.6SIGTRAN.........................................................................................................31 2.2.1.7APIs v INAP...................................................................................................32 2.2.1.8RTP v RCTP...................................................................................................32 Cc cng ngh nn tng cho NGN...............................................................................33

2.2.1.9IP.......................................................................................................................33 2.2.1.10ATM...............................................................................................................33 2.2.1.11IP Over ATM..................................................................................................34 2.2.1.12MPLS..............................................................................................................34 Gii php NGN ca cc hng.......................................................................................34 M hnh NGN ca Alcatel...........................................................................................34 M hnh NGN ca Ericsson.........................................................................................36 Gii php kt hp mng ATM/IP vi mng hin tai ca Nortel...................................38 M hnh NGN ca Siemens........................................................................................39 Xu hng pht trin NGN ca Lucent.........................................................................40 Xu hng pht trin NGN ca NEC............................................................................41 CHNG 3: DCH V TRONG NGN......................................................................42 Gii thiu chung v dch v.........................................................................................42 Nhu cu NGN ca cc nh cung cp dch v...............................................................44 Yu cu ca khch hng..............................................................................................45 Dch v NGN...............................................................................................................46 Xu hng cc dch v trong tng lai..........................................................................46 Cc c trng dch v NGN.........................................................................................47 Cc dch v chnh trong NGN.....................................................................................49 3.4.3.1Dch v thoi (Voice telephony).......................................................................50 3.4.3.5Tnh ton mng cng cng (PNC Public Network Computing)........................51 3.4.3.6Bn tin hp nht (Unified Messaging)..............................................................51 3.4.3.7Mi gii thng tin (Information Brokering)......................................................52 3.4.3.8Thng mi in t (E-Commerce)..................................................................52 3.4.3.9Dch v chuyn cuc gi (Call Center Service)................................................52 3.4.3.10Tr chi tng tc trn mng (Interactive gaming).........................................52 3.4.3.11Thc t o phn tn (Distributed Virtual Reality)...........................................52 3.4.3.12Qun l ti gia (Home Manager).....................................................................53 Kin trc dch v NGN................................................................................................53 Kin trc phn lp.......................................................................................................56 Giao din cc dch v m API.....................................................................................57 Mng thng minh phn tn..........................................................................................58 Cc vn v dch v..................................................................................................59 Bo mt........................................................................................................................59 Cht lng dch v QoS...............................................................................................62 CHNG 4: NGN CA VNPT..................................................................................69 Nguyn tc t chc thc hin trin khai NGN.............................................................69 Yu cu chung.............................................................................................................69 Mc tiu xy dng.......................................................................................................69 Quy trnh chuyn i...................................................................................................70 Hng pht trin NGN vi cc nh cung cp dch v mng khc nhau.......................70 Nh cung cp dch v c nh ESP (Established Service provider).............................71 4.2.1.1i vi cu trc mng.......................................................................................71 4.2.1.2i vi mng truy nhp....................................................................................72 4.2.1.3Yu cu vi mng.............................................................................................72

Nh cung cp dch v mng mi ISP/ASP (Internet Service provider/ Application Service provider).........................................................................................................72 Gii php xut cho pht trin NGN ca VNPT.......................................................73 Gii php xy dng NGN trn c s mng hin ti.....................................................73 4.3.1.1Ni dung ca gii php.....................................................................................73 4.3.1.2u im............................................................................................................74 4.3.1.3Nhc im......................................................................................................74 Gii php xy dng NGN hon ton mi.....................................................................74 4.3.2.1Ni dung gii php............................................................................................74 4.3.2.2u im............................................................................................................75 4.3.2.3Nhc im......................................................................................................75 Nguyn tc t chc NGN ca VNPT...........................................................................75 Phn vng lu lng....................................................................................................75 T chc lp ng dng v dch v................................................................................75 T chc lp iu khin................................................................................................76 T chc lp truyn ti..................................................................................................77 T chc lp truy nhp..................................................................................................79 L trnh chuyn i......................................................................................................79 Mng NGN thc t ang trin khai ca VNPT............................................................81 CHNG 5: CC DCH V TRN NGN CA VNPT............................................86 Gii thiu ....................................................................................................................86 Dch v cho ngi s dng..........................................................................................86 Dch v 1719...............................................................................................................86 Dch v bo cuc gi t Internet CWI.........................................................................87 Dch v thoi qua trang Web WDP..............................................................................89 Dch v cho doanh nghip...........................................................................................90 Dch v 1800 v 1900..................................................................................................90 5.3.1.1Dch v 1800.....................................................................................................95 5.3.1.2Dch v 1900.....................................................................................................97 Dch v mng ring o VPN......................................................................................101 Dch v thoi min ph t trang Web FCB................................................................102 Dch v cuc gi thng mi min ph CFCS...........................................................103 KT LUN...............................................................................................................104 TI LIU THAM KHO..........................................................................................105

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THUT NG VIT TTVit ttADSL

Ting Anh

Ting Vitng thu bao s khng i xng Ch truyn ti khng ng b Router chuyn mch nhn ATM Giao thc cng bin Cuc gi th trong gi cao im Giao thc iu khin cuc gi c lp ti tin a truy cp phn chia theo m Cng bc da trn LDP H thng bo hiu s s 1 Vin tiu chun Chu u Nhm chuyn tip tng ng Chuyn tip khung ng thu bao tc cao Vin cc nh k thut in v in t T chc quc t cho k thut internet Giao thc internet Mng s lin kt a dch v Nh cung cp dch v internet Phn ngi s dng ISDN Hip hi vin thng quc t Hip hi vin thng quc t

ASYMMETRIC DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE ATM ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE ATM-LSR ATM-LABEL SWITCH ROUTER BGP BORDER GATEWAY PROTOCOL BHCA BUSY HOUR CALL ATTEMPT BICC BEARER INDEPENDENT CALL CONTROL PROTOCOL CDMA CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS CR-LDP CONSTRAIN-BASED LDP DSS1 DIGITAL SIGNALLING SYSTEM No1 ETSI EROPEAN TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARD INSTITUTE FEC FORWARDING EQUIVALENCE CLASSES FR FRAME RELAY HDSL HIGH BIT RATE SUBSCRIBER LINE IEEE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS IETF INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE IP INTERNET PROTOCOL ISDN INTEGRATED SERVICE DIGITAL NETWORK ISP INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER ISUP ISDN USER PART ITU INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNIONTELECOMMUNICATION LC-ATM LABEL CONTROLLED ATM LDP LEC LFIB LIB LSP LSR MEGACO

Giao din ATM iu khin nh nhn LABEL DISTRIBUTION PROTOCOL Giao thc phn phi nhn LOCAL EXCHANGE CARRIER Cng ty chuyn mch ni ht LABEL FORWARDING INFORMATION C s thng tin chuyn tip nhn BASE LABEL INFORMATION BASE C s thng tin nhn LABEL SWITCHING PATH ng chuyn mch nhn LABEL SWITCH ROUTER B nh tuyn chuyn mch nhn MEDIA GATEWAY CONTROL Giao thc iu khin cng thit b i

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MG MGC MGCP MPLS MSF NGN N-ISDN OSFP OSI PDU POST PPP PSTN RADIUS RAS RESV RIP RSVP SDH SIP SIGTRAN SS7 STM SVC TCP TMN UDP VC VCI VPI VPN WDM WDMA

MEDIA GATEWAY MEDIA GATEWAY CONTROLLER MEDIA GATEWAY CONTROL PROTOCOL MULTI PROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING MULTISERVICE SWITCH FORUM

Cng chuyn i phng tin Thit b iu khin MG Giao thc iu khin cng thit b Chuyn mch nhn a giao thc

Din n chuyn mch nhn a dch v NEXT GENERATION NETWORK Mng th h sau NARROW BAND-ISDN Mng ISDN bng hp OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST Giao thc nh tuyn m ng ngn nht u tin OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION M hnh lin kt h thng m PROTOCOL DATA UNIT Khi d liu giao thc PLAIN OLD TELEPHONE SERVICE Dch v in thoi n gin POINT TO POINT PROTOCOL Giao thc im - im PUBLIC SWITCH TELEPHONE Mng in thoi chuyn mch cng NETWORK cng REMOTE AUTHENTICATION DIAL IN Dch v xc thc user quay s t xa USER SERVICE REMOTE ACCESS SERVER My ch truy nhp t xa RESERVATION Dnh trc ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL Giao thc thng tin nh tuyn RESOURCE RESERVATION Giao thc ginh trc ti nguyn PROTOCOL (h tr QoS) SYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL Phn cp s ng b HIERARCHY SESSION INITIAL PROTOCOL Giao thc khi to phin SIGNALLING TRANSPORT Truyn ti bo hiu SIGNALLING SYSTEM No7 H thng bo hiu s 7 SYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE Ch truyn ti ng b SWITCHED VIRTUAL CIRCUIT Knh o c chuyn mch TRANSPORT CONTROL PROTOCOL Giao thc iu khin truyn ti TELECOMMUNICATIONS MANAGEMENT NET WORK USER DATA PROTOCOL VIRTUAL CIRCUIT VIRTUAL CIRCUIT IDENTIFIER VIRTUAL PATH IDENTIFIER VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK WAVE DIVISION MULTIPLEXING Mng qun l vin thng Giao thc d liu ngi s dng

Knh o Trng nhn dng knh o Trng nhn dng ng Mng ring o Ghp knh phn chia theo bc sng WAVE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS a truy cp phn chia theo bc sng

ii

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LI NI UCng vi s pht trin ca kinh t t nc, cc ngnh hot ng trong lnh vc dch v cng khng ngng ln mnh v Bu Chnh Vin Thng l mt trong nhng ngnh . Tng kt trong thi gian va qua cho thy Bu Chnh Vin Thng gp phn quan trng vo s vn mnh i ln ca nn kinh t t nc trong thi k i mi. Trong ng gp khng th khng k ti vai tr quan trng ca b phn vin thng. Khng ngng ln mnh cng thi gian, ngnh vin thng Vit Nam v ang cung cp ngy cng nhiu loi hnh dch v vin thng ti ngi dn vi c cht lng v s lng khng ngng c ci thin. Ngi dn Vit Nam gi y c hng nhiu loi hnh dch v vin thng tng ng nh ti cc nc pht trin trn th gii. Trong pht trin , p ng ngy cng tt hn nhu cu thng tin ca x hi trong thi i bng n thng tin, khi m mt lot cc h tng vin thng c t ra khng ph hp hay qu ti, VNPT xy dng n trin khai xy dng mng th h mi NGN ti Vit Nam. NGN l mng th h sau khng phi l mng hon ton mi, n c pht trin t tt c cc mng c ln. NGN c kh nng lm nn tng cho vic trin khai nhiu loi hnh dch v mi trong tng lai mt cc nhanh chng, khng phn bit ranh gii cc nh cung cp dch v (dch v c lp vi h tng mng) nh cc c im: bng thng ln, tng thch a nh cung cp thit b, tng thch vi cc mng c ng hnh vi xy dng mng NGN, mt lot cc dch v vi cc kin trc khc nhau cng dn c trin khai nhm cung cp nhiu dch v tin ch cho ngi dng. Vi s ham mun nm bt cng ngh v NGN ti quyt nh la chn ti n tt nghip l Nghin cu mng NGN ca VNPT v cc dch v trn NGN. n c trnh by trong 5 chng vi ni dung c th: Chng 1: Tng quan v mng vin thng: gii thiu s lc v mng vin thng ni chung v mng vin thng Vit Nam hin ti, cc u nhc im ca mng vin thng hin ti. ng thi trnh by xu hng i mi v yu cu pht trin NGN.

Chng 2: Cu trc NGN: trnh by cc m hnh NGN ca cc t chc trn th gii, cc gii php ca cc hng ln v cc vn cn quan tm khi trin khai NGN. Trn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 1

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Chng 3: Dch v trong NGN: trnh by v nhu cu dch v ca khch hng v cc nh cung cp dch v, cc m hnh dch v trong NGN v cc dch v c bn trong NGN.

Chng4: NGN ca VNPT: trnh by v t chc thc hin xy dng v trin khai NGN ti Vit Nam, cu hnh c th trin khai ti nay cng nh nhng d nh pht trin NGN trong tng lai ca Vit Nam.

Chng 5: Dch v trn NGN ca VNPT: trnh by v cc dch v m VNPT ang thai thc trn nn NGN.

Do gii hn trong mt n tt nghip i hc nn ti khng c nhiu c hi tip xc thc t cng nh cn thiu kinh nghim khi bc vo nghin cu mt vn cng ngh mi, nn khng th trnh khi nhiu thiu st. Ti rt mong nhn c nhiu s gp t cc thy c v cc bn cng nh t nhng ngi nghin cu v NGN. Mi gp xin gi v Trn Ngc Duy theo hm th: [email protected] hoc [email protected]. Xin chn thnh cm n! Sinh vin Trn Ngc Duy

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Chng1: Tng quan v mng vin thng

CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V MNG VIN THNG Mng vin thng hin tiKhi nim v mng vin thng Mng vin thng l phng tin truyn a thng tin t u pht ti u thu. Mng c nhim v cung cp cc dch v cho khch hng. Mng vin thng bao gm cc thnh phn chnh: thit b chuyn mch, thit b truyn dn, mi trng truyn dn v thit b u cui.

Hnh 1: Cc thnh phn chnh ca mng vin thng

Thit b chuyn mch gm c tng i ni ht v tng i qu giang. Cc thu bao c ni vo tng i ni ht v tng i ni ht c ni vo tng i qu giang. Nh cc thit b chuyn mch m ng truyn dn c dng chung v mng c th c s dng mt cch kinh t.

Thit b truyn dn dng ni thit b u cui vi tng i hay gia cc tng i thc hin vic truyn a tn hiu thng tin. Thit b truyn dn chia lm hai loi: thit b truyn dn pha thu bao v thit b truyn dn gia cc tng i. Thit b truyn dn thu bao thng l cp kim loi tuy nhin trong mt s trng hp c th l cp quang hoc v tuyn. Thit b truyn dn gia cc tng i thng l cp quang i khi dng cp ng trc, cp xon i hay vibaTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 3

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Mi trng truyn dn bao gm truyn dn v tuyn v truyn dn hu tuyn. Truyn dn hu tuyn bao gm dng cc cp kim loi, cp quang truyn tn hiu. Truyn dn v tuyn bao gm viba v v tinh. Thit b u cui cho mng truyn thng gm my in thoi, my Fax, my tnh, tng i PABX. Mt cch khc c th nh ngha mng vin thng l mt h thng gm cc nt chuyn mch c ni vi nhau bng cc ng truyn dn. Nt c phn thnh nhiu cp v kt hp vi cc ng truyn dn to thnh cc cp mng khc nhau.

Hnh 2: Cu hnh mng c bn Mng vin thng hin nay c cu trc khc nhau nh: mng li, mng sao, mng tng hp, mng vng hay mng thang. Cc loi mng ny u c nhc im v u im ring ph hp vi tng vng a l v lu lng. V c bn mng vin thng c chia thnh nm cp nhng trong tng trng hp ring c th ch l bn cp, xu th hin nay cng l gim s cp qun l thun tin v hiu qu hn.

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c im mng vin thng hin nay Cc mng vin thng hin ti c c im chung l tn ti mt cch ring l, ng vi mi loi dch v thng tin li c t nht mt loi mng vin thng ring bit phc v dch v . Hin ti c mt s mng truyn thng ang c khai thc nh: mng Telex, mng in thoi cng cng POTS (plane old telephone service), mng truyn hnh, mng truyn s liu, trong phm vi c quan t chc hay vn phng th c mng cc b LAN Mi mng c thit k cho cc dch v ring bit v khng th s dng cho cc mc ch khc. Mt s mng in hnh ang khai thc :

PSTN (Publish Switching Telephone Network) l mng chuyn mch thoi cng cng. PSTN phc v thoi bao gm cc tng i tng ng vi tng cp. Hin mng ny ang c nng cp cc tng i trung tm cng nh pha u cui khch hng c th khai thc thm mt s dch v gi tr gia tng trn mng ny. y l mt mng rt phc tp, rt c v rt rng nhng ng vai tr rt ln trong vin thng.

ISDN (Intergrated Service Digital Network) l mng s tch hp dch v. ISDN cung cp nhiu loi ng dng thoi v phi thoi trong cng mt mng. N c nhiu cu hnh khc nhau tu thuc vo hin trng mng vin thng tng ni. ISDN cung cp nhiu kiu kt ni vi cc tc p ng khc nhau do vy c th trin khai thm mt s dch v mi so vi PSTN tuy nhin mng ny cng khng kh nng thch ng vi s pht trin ca cc loi hnh dch v ngy nay. Mng di ng GSM (Glabol System For Mobile Telecom) l mng cung cp dch v thoi nh PSTN nhng thng qua ng truy nhp v tuyn. Mng ny chuyn mch da trn cng ngh ghp knh theo thi gian v cng ngh ghp knh phn chia theo tn s. Hin nay cc nh cung cp dch v thu c li nhun phn ln t cc dch v nh Leased Line, Frame relay, ATM v cc dch v kt ni c bn. Tuy nhin trong tng lai s khc, li nhun t cc dch v trn s gim v i hi cc nh cung cp dch v phi tm ra cc dch v mi khai thc v m bo li nhun. Trn con ng th vic khai thc cc dch v da trn IP l mt hng i ng n v chng t r s ph hp qua mt s dch v mi c khai thc nh dch v mng ring o VPNTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 5

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Mng vin thng Vit Nam Nc ta hin nay ngoi mng chuyn mch cng cng cn c cc mng ca mt s dch v khc. Ring mng Telex l khng kt ni vo mng thoi ca VNPT, cc mng khc u kt ni vo mng thoi ca VNPT thng qua cc ng trung k cc b tp chung cc knh thu bao thng thng Xt v kha cnh h thng, mng vin thng Vit Nam gm: mng chuyn mch, mng truyn dn, mng truy nhp v cc mng chc nng 1.1.1.1 H thng chuyn mch Vi cu trc mng hin nay th mng chuyn mch ca VNPT chia lm 4 cp da trn cc tng i chuyn tip quc t, chuyn tip quc gia, ni tnh v ni ht. Cc tng i chuyn tip quc t c t ti ba trung tm l H Ni, Tp HCM v Nng, cc tnh thnh khc nhau c cc cu trc mng khc nhau vi nhiu tng i Host. Cc tng i hin c ph bin trn mng vin thng Vit Nam l: cc tng i VKX lin doanh gia Vit Nam v Hn Quc, A1000E ca Alcatel, NEAX61 ca NEC, AXE10 ca Ericsson, EWSD ca Siemens. Cc cng ngh chuyn mch ang s dng l chuyn mch knh cho mng PSTN, X.25 cho mng Frame relay v ATM cho truyn s liu. Nhn chung mng chuyn mch hin nay cn nhiu cp v vic iu khin b phn tn trong mng (iu khin nm ti cc tng i). 1.1.1.2 H thng truyn dn Mng truyn dn ca Vit Nam hin nay s dng c v tuyn v hu tuyn. V v tuyn c cc h thng viba s dng cng ngh PDH bn cnh cn c cc ng truyn qua v tinh i quc t. Trong truyn dn hu tuyn th ph bin l cp quang tuy vy vn c nhng on dng cc loi cp khc. V truyn dn quang th Vit Nam ang khai thc cc thit b ca nhiu hng khc nhau cho tng h thng. Cc h thng truyn dn quang ch yu s dng cng ngh SDH vi cc cp ghp cc nhau nh STM-4, STM-16 hay STM 64 cho cc tuyn lin tnh cn trong tnh c th l STM-1 hay STM-4 ty vo nhu cu dung lng thc t v tng lai. Va qua VNPT a vo khai thc h thng truyn dn Backbone Bc Nam 20Gbit/s da trn cng ngh ghp knh phn chia theo bc sng DWDM s dung thit b ca Nortel

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1.1.1.3 H thng bo hiu Hin ti mng vin thng Vit Nam s dng c hai loi bo hiu l R2 v SS7. Mng bo hiu SS7 v ang thay th dn bo hiu R2 trong tng cng on bo hiu, tuy vy vi mng thoi th bo hiu R2MFC vn c s dng ph bin. H thng SS7 c trin khai vi mt cp STP (im chuyn giao bo hiu) ti ba trung tm H Ni,Tp HCM v Nng.

Hnh 3: H thng bo hiu Vit nam 1.1.1.4 H thng truy nhp Hin ti trn mng c nhiu loi truy nhp khc nhau tu thuc vo tng loi mng vi tng loi dch v. Trong di ng, truyn hnh ta c truy nhp v tuyn vi nhiu cng ngh khc nhau nh MMDS, LMDS, GPRS, CDMA, FDAMGn y cn c thm truy nhp WLAN cng c trin khai ti mt s a im. V truy nhp hu tuyn ta c truy nhp bng thoi truyn thng, ADSL, truy nhp qua ng cp truyn hnh, qua ng in lc v cng ngh mong i s l truy nhp quang ti tng h gia nh 1.1.1.5 H thng qun l Vit Nam ang trong qu trnh xy dng mng qun l tp trung NMS. Cn hin ti th mi h thng mng ring c qun l bi cc phng thc qun l khc nhau. 1.1.1.6 H thng ng b Mng ng b Vit Nam hot ng theo nguyn tc ch t c d phng, bao gm 4 cp v hai loi giao din chuyn giao tn hiu ng b ch yu l 2MHz v 2Mb/s. Mng c phn chia lm 3 vng c lp, mi vng c hai ng h mu, mt ng h chnh (Ceecium) v mt ng h d phng (GSP). Cc ng h c t ti trung tm ca 3 vng v c iu khin theo nguynTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 7

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tc ch t. Cc tng i quc t v tng i Toll trong mi vng c iu khin bi ng h ch theo phng thc ch t. Cc tng i Tandem v Host ti cc tnh hot ng bm theo cc tng i Toll v cc tng i RSS ng b theo tng i Host m n u ti, tt c u theo phng thc ch t. Nhng hn ch ca mng vin thng hin ti Nh thy trn hin nay c rt nhiu mng khc nhau song song cng tn ti, mi loi yu cu thit k bo dng vn hnh khc nhau do vy c nhiu nhc im : Ch cung cp cc dch v c lp tng ng vi tng mng.

Thiu mm do. Km hiu qu trong bo dng, vn hnh cng nh s dng ti nguyn. Di gc khc ta thy cc mng vin thng trc kia c thit k ch yu cho dch v thoi nn c nhiu iu khng cn ph hp cho ngy nay nh: Kin trc tng i c quyn lm cho cc nh khai thc gn nh ph thuc hon ton vo nh cung cp tng i. Lm gim tnh cnh tranh v m rng mng Cc tng i chuyn mch knh ht nng lc v tr nn lc hu

i vi nh cu ca khch hng. S bng n thng tin vi yu cu dch v c nhiu c im thay i lm cho h thng c khng th p ng ni nh v tc d liu, thi gian tham gia vo mng Trc yu cu mi v hn ch ca mng c cc nh khai thc dch v vin thng thy rng cn c mt h tng mng mi p ng c tt c cc dch v thun tin v tit kim cho vic khai thc bo dng qun l.

Mng NGNnh ngha Mng vin thng th h mi c nhiu cch gi khc nhau nh Mng a dch v, Mng hi t, Mng phn phi hay mng nhiu lp. Cho ti nay cc t chc v cc nh cung cp thit b vin thng trn th gii rt quan tm n NGN

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nhng vn cha c mt nh ngha r rng. Do vy ta ch c th tm nh ngha NGN nh sau: NGN l mng c h tng thng tin duy nht da trn cng ngh chuyn mch gi, trin khai cc dch v mt cch a dng v nhanh chng, l s hi t gia thoi v d liu, gia c nh v di ng. c im NGN NGN c 4 c im chnh: Nn tng l h thng m.

NGN l do mng dch v thc y nhng cc dch v trn NGN phi c lp vi mng li. NGN l mng chuyn mch gi da trn mt giao thc thng nht. L mng c dung lng ngy cng tng, c tnh thch ng ngy cng tng v c dung lng p ng nhu cu. Trong NGN giao thc IP thc t tr thnh giao thc ng dng vn nng c p dng lm c s cho mng a dch v. Hin ti mc d vn cn gp nhiu kh khn so vi mng chuyn mch knh v kh nng h tr lu lng thoi v cung cp cht lng dch v m bo cho s liu, nhng vi tc thay i nhanh chng nhiu cng ngh mi ang c p dng s sm khc phc iu ny trong tng lai gn.

Hnh 4 : Topo mng th h sauTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 9

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Cc yu t thc y tin ti NGN 1.1.1.7 Ci thin chi ph u t Cng ngh chuyn mch knh truyn thng chm thay i so vi s thay i nhanh chng ca cng ngh my tnh. Cc chuyn mch knh chim phn ln trn mng PSTN nhng khng thc s ti u cho truyn s liu. Trong khi nhu cu trao i thng tin gia mng PSTN v mng Internet ngy cng tng, do xut hin nhu cu xy dng h thng chuyn mch tng lai da trn cng ngh hon ton gi cho c thoi v d liu. Cc giao din m ti mi lp cho php la chn linh hot nh cung cp thit b. Truyn ti da trn gi cho php phn b bng tn hiu qu v linh hot. Nh gip nh khai thc qun l d dng, nng cp mt cch hiu qu phn mm ti cc nt iu khin, d dng trin khai dch v mi m khng cn thay i mng qua gip gim chi ph vn hnh khai thc mng. 1.1.1.8 Xu th i mi vin thng Trong vng hi nhp kinh t th gii xu th hi nhp cng din ra mnh m trong vin thng. Cnh tranh ngy cng khc lit khi th gii buc cc chnh ph phi m ca th trng vin thng. thch ng vi xu th , p ng c kh nng cung cp loi hnh dch v cho nhiu dng khch hng th yu cu h thng mng phi c m cao c th kt ni nhiu nh cung cp dch v vi nhau. Vi yu cu ny cc mng c khng th thc hin c trong khi NGN thch ng rt tt vi i hi ny nh mt cu trc m hp l.

Hnh 5: M hnh kt ni trong NGNTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 10

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1.1.1.9 Cc doanh thu mi D bo hin nay cho thy doanh thu t thoi gn nh t mc bo ho v khng th tng thm c na. Trong khi doanh thu t cc dch v gi tr gia tng ngy cng tng, xu hng s vt doanh thu t thoi trong tng gn. Trc vin cnh nhiu nh cung cp, khai thc vin thng khng th b qua c hi tng doanh thu ny. Do vy vic pht trin mt mng mi p ng tt c cc dch v gia tng hin c cng nh nhng nhu cu dch v mi trong tng lai l khng th khng lm. Tt c cc iu trn cho thy s pht trin mng vin thng ln NGN l mt iu thit yu v cn thit cho cuc sng cng nh s tn ti ca cc nh khai thc cung cp dch v vin thng. Yu cu pht trin NGN Trc ht cc nh khai thc dch v vin thng phi xem xt mng TDM m h tn rt nhiu chi ph u t quyt nh xy dng mt NGN xp chng hay thm ch thay th cc tng i truyn thng bng nhng chuyn mch cng ngh mi sau ny. Cc nh khai thc cn tm ra phng php cung cp cc dch v mi cho khch hng ca h trong thi k qu trc khi cc mng ca h chuyn sang NGN mt cch y . Vn ln nht cn nhc ti l phi h tr dch v thoi qua IP v hng lot cc dch v gi tr tng khc trong khi c ch best effort: phn phi cc gi tin khng cn p ng na. Mt thch thc cn bn na l m rng mng IP theo nhiu hng, nhiu kh nng cung cp dch v trong khi vn gi c u th ca mng IP. Mt kha cnh khc l quy m mng phi ln cung cp cho khch hng nhm chng li hin tng tc nghn c chai trong lu lng ca mng li. Vic tng s lng cc giao din m cng lm tng nguy c mt an ninh mng. Do m bo an ton thng tin mng chng li s xm nhp tri php t bn ngoi tr thnh vn sng cn ca cc nh khai thc mng. Vn cng khng km phn quan trng l cc gii php qun l thch hp cho NGN trong mi trng a nh khai thc, a dch v. Mc d cn mt nhiu thi gian v cng sc trc khi h thng qun l mng c trin khai nhng mc tiu ny vn c gi tr v s mang li nhiu li ch nh gim chi ph khai thc, dch v a dng.Trn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 11

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Mt vn quang trng na khi trin khai NGN l cc cng ngh p dng trn mng li phi sn sng : V cng ngh truyn dn: phi pht trin cc cng ngh truyn dn quang SDH, WDM hay DWDM vi kh nng hot ng mm do linh hot, thun tin cho khai thc v iu hnh qun l.

V cng ngh truy nhp: phi a dng ho cc dng truy nhp c v tuyn v hu tuyn. Tch cc pht trin v hon thin em vo ng dng rng ri cc cng ngh truy nhp tin tin nh truy nhp quang, truy nhp WLAN, truy nhp bng rng, c bit l trin khai rng truy nhp ADSL v h thng di ng 3G.

V cng ngh chuyn mch: Mc d c nhiu tranh lun v vic la chn cng ngh no cho NGN trong cc cng ngh IP, ATM, ATM/IP hay MPLS, song c th ni chuyn mch gi s l s la chn trong NGN. Gn y vi s hon thin v nghin cu cng ngh MPLS s ha hn l cng ngh chuyn mch ch o trong NGN. Bn cnh mt cng ngh khc l chuyn mch quang cng ang c nghin cu, hy vng s sm c ng dng trong thc t.

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Chng 2: Cu trc mng NGN

CHNG 2: CU TRC MNG NGN M hnh NGN ca cc t chc trn th giiTrn th gii c nhiu t chc khc nhau v vin thng, mi t chc li a ra cc b tiu chun ring cho mnh, do vy khi pht trin NGN cng c nhiu tng khc nhau c a ra bi nhiu t chc khc nhau. M hnh ca ITU Cu trc mng th h sau NGN nm trong m hnh cu trc thng tin ton cu GII (Global information infrastructure) do ITU a ra. M hnh ny gm 3 lp chc nng sau: - Cc chc nng ng dng. - Cc chc nng trung gian bao gm: Chc nng iu khin dch v Chc nng qun l

- Cc chc nng c s bao gm: Cc chc nng mng (gm chc nng truyn ti v chc nng iu khin) Cc chc nng lu tr v x l Cc chc nng giao tip ngi myC trc u

Truy thng n v ni mng thng tin

Cungc chv pd x l v l u tr thng tin ph tn n

Giao di n ch ng tr nhng dng Giao di n ch ng tr c nh s

Cc chc nng ng dng

Cc chc nng trung gian

Cc chc nng cs Cc chc nng giao ti p ng im y Cc chc nng x l v l u tr Chc nng u khi i n Chc nng truy ti n

Cungc p d chv truy nthng chungChc nng u khi i n Chc nng truy ti n

H 6: Cc chc nng GII v m quan hcachng. nh iTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 13

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Mt s hng nghin cu ca IETF Theo IETF cu trc ca h tng mng thng tin ton cu s dng giao thc c s IP cn c mng truyn ti ton cu s dng giao thc IP vi bt c cng ngh lp no. Ngha l IP cn c kh nng truyn ti vi cc truy nhp v ng trc c giao thc kt ni khc nhau. - i vi mng truy nhp trung gian, IETF c IP trn mng truyn ti cp v IP vi mi trng khng gian. - i vi mng ng trc, IETF c hai giao thc chnh l IP trn ATM vi mng quang phn cp s ng b SONET/SDH v IP vi giao thc im ni im PPP vi SONET/SDH M hnh IP over ATM xem IP nh mt lp trn lp ATM v nh ngha cc mng con IP trn nn mng ATM. Phng thc tip cn ny cho php IP v ATM hot ng vi nhau m khng cn thay i giao thc. Tuy nhin phng thc ny khng tn dng ht kh nng ca ATM v khng thch hp vi mng nhiu router v khng t hiu qu cao. IETF cng l t chc a ra nhiu tiu chun v MPLS. MPLS l kt qu pht trin IP Switching s dng c ch hon i nhn nh ATM truyn gi tin m khng cn thay i cc giao thc nh tuyn ca IP. M hnh ca MSF MSF (din n v chuyn mch a dch v) a ra m hnh cu trc mng chuyn mch a dch v bao gm cc lp: - Lp thch ng - Lp chuyn mch - Lp iu khin - Lp ng dng Lp qun l c bit lin quan n 3 lp: thch ng, chuyn mch v iu khin. V cu trc chuyn mch a dch v c mt s lu : - Lp qun l l mt lp c bit xuyn sut cc lp thch ng chuyn mch v iu khin. - Cn phn bit chc nng qun l vi chc nng iu khinTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 14

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- Lp iu khin c nhim v kt ni cung cp cc dch v thng sut t u cui ti u cui vi bt c loi giao thc v bo hiu no.L p ngdng

Cc giao thc, giaodi API bohi n, u/IN tiu chu n

L p ukhi i n

B ukhi i n IP/MPLS

B ukhi i nVoice/SS7

B ukhi i nATM/SVC

...L pqunl L pqunl

L p chuy n m ch L pth ch ngTCP/IP

Multiservice

Chuy mch lai gh n p

Video

Voice

TDM

FR

ATM

...

Cc giao thc, giao di n m rng

Cc giao di logic vvt l tiu chu n n

H 7: Cu trc mng chuy mch d v nh n a ch

M hnh ca TINA TINA (Telecommunication information network architecture consortium hip hi nghin cu cu trc mng vin thng) c m hnh mng bao gm cc lp mng nh sau: - Lp truy nhp - Lp truyn dn v chuyn mch (truyn ti) - Lp iu khin v qun l Cc kt qu nghin cu ca TINA tp trung vo lp iu khin v qun l.

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Cct nh h ph nki n trc d chv TINAkTN

CORBA SS7

gaterway

IOP

SCP (Legacy)

chuy n m ch

SSP Mng chuy t n i chuy nmchPOTS ISDN (Le cy) ga Truynhp Bngrng

Truynhp di ng

INAP : Giaothc ng dng m ng thngm inh. SS# 7: Hthng bohi s7 u

IOP : Giaothc k h p ORB t SSP : i mchuy d n chv

H 8: M h k ni v i cc mng nh nh t angtn ti (theo TINA)M hnh ca ETSI ETSI vn ang tip tc tho lun v m hnh cu trc mng th h sau NGN. Vi mc tiu cung cp tt c cc dch v vin thng truyn thng v cc dch v vin thng mi bao gm: PSTN/ISDN, X25, FR, ATM, IP, GSM, GPRS, IMT2000 ETSI phn chia nghin cu cu trc mng theo cc lnh vc - Lp truyn ti trn c s cng ngh quang - Cng ngh gi trn c s mng li dung lng cao trn nn IP/ATM-

iu khin trn nn IP

- Dch v v ng dng trn nn IP - Qun l trn c s IT v IP Theo phn lp ca ETSI th NGN c 5 lp chc nng. Cc ng dng i vi khch hng t nh khai thc mng thng qua cc giao din dch v. Cc giao din dch v c phn thnh 4 loi: giao din dch v thoi, giao din dch v s liu, giao din dch v tnh cc v giao din dch v ch dn.Trn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 16

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Ccnhkhai thcm ng v ccngdng v i khchh i ngGiaodi n d v thoi ch Giaodi n d v ch s li u Giaodi n d v t ch nh c c Giaodi n d v ch ch n d

Chc nng mng thng m cb inh n Chc nng mng cb n Chc nng chuy t m n i ng

H 9 : Cu trc chc nngmng NGN theoETSI nh

Cu trc NGN theo ETSI bao gm 4 lp: - Lp kt ni - Lp iu khin v ng dng truyn thng - Lp cc ng dng v ni dung - Lp qun lCc ng dng d chv

Se rs rve Di ng Cc d v ch n thoi i i thoi n di ngB u i khi n

Q u n l

i khi u n truy n thng

i thoi n

B tin n

v nh PMS/SMR

Dli u di ng

VoIP

K ni t

Cc mng IP/ d v a ch khc Cc mng n thoi i khc

Truy nh p

Li/ Chuy n tiTruy nh p Truy nh p

Di ng

C nh

Bng rng

H 10: Cu trc mng NGN theo ETSI nhTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 17

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Trong m hnh ny th lp kt ni bao gm c truy nhp v li cng vi cc cng trung gian, ngha l lp kt ni theo cu trc ny bao gm ton b cc thnh phn vt l (cc thit b trn mng). Lp qun l l mt lp c bit khc vi lp iu khin. Theo th hin n c tnh nng xuyn sut nhm qun l 3 lp cn li. Hin ti m hnh ny vn ang c cc nhm ca ETSI tip tc tho lun

Cu trc NGNCu trc chc nng Nhn chung NGN vn l mt xu hng mi m do vy cha c mt khuyn ngh chnh thc no c cng b r rng lm tiu chun v cu trc NGN, song da vo m hnh m mt s t chc v cc hng xy dng ta c th tm hiu cu trc NGN chc nng nh sau: - Lp kt ni (truy nhp v truyn dn/ phn li) - Lp trung gian hay lp truyn thng (Media) - Lp iu khin - Lp qun l Trong cc lp trn, lp iu khin hin nay rt phc tp vi nhiu loi giao thc, kh nng tng thch gia cc thit b ca cc hng l vn ang c cc nh khai thc quan tm. M hnh phn lp chc nng ca NGN

Hnh 11-a: Cu trc mng th h sau (gc mng) Xt t gc kinh doanh v cung cp dch v th m hnh cu trc NGN c thm lp ng dng dch v. Trong mi trng pht trin cnh tranh th s c rt nhiu thnh phn tham gia kinh doanh trong lp ng dng dch v.

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Hnh 11-b: Cu trc mng th h sau (gc dch v)

Hnh 12: Cu trc chc nng ca NGN Lp truyn dn v truy nhp o-

Phn truyn dn Ti lp vt l truyn dn quang vi cng ngh ghp knh theo bc sng DWDM s c s dng. - Cng ngh ATM hay IP c th c s dng truyn dn trn mng li m bo QoS.

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- Cc router c s dng bin mng li khi lu lng ln v ngc li khi lu lng nh Switch router c th m nhn lun chc nng nhng router ny. - Lp truyn dn c kh nng h tr cc mc QoS khc nhau cho cng mt dch v v cho cc dch v khc nhau. Lp ng dng s a ra cc yu cu v nng lc truyn ti v n s thc hin yu cu . o Phn truy nhp - Vi truy nhp hu tuyn: c cp ng v xDSL ang c s dng. Tuy vy trong tng lai truyn dn quang DWDM, PON s dn chim u th, th trng ca xDSL v modem s dn thu nh li. Vi truy nhp v tuyn ta c h thng thng tin di ng GSM hoc CDMA, truy nhp v tuyn c nh, v tinh. Trong tng li cc h thng truy nhp khng dy s pht trin rt nhanh nh truy nhp hng ngoi, bluetooth, hay WLAN.-

- Lp truy nhp cung cp cc kt ni gia thu bao u cui v mng ng trc qua cng giao tip thch hp. NGN cng cung cp hu ht cc truy nhp chun cng nh khng chun ca cc thit b u cui nh: truy nhp a dch v, in thoi IP, my tnh PC, tng i ni b PBX Lp truyn thng Gm cc thit b l cc cng phng tin nh: o Cng truy nhp: AG kt ni gia mng li v mng truy nhp, RG kt ni mng li v mng thu bao nh. o Cng giao tip: TG kt ni mng li vi mng PSTN/ISDN, WG kt ni mng li vi mng di ng. Lp ny chu trch nhim chuyn i cc loi mi trng (FR, PSTN, LAN, v tuyn) sang mi trng truyn dn gi c p dng trn mng li v ngc li.

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Lp iu khin Lp iu khin bao gm cc h thng iu khin m thnh phn chnh l Softswitch cn gi l MGC hay Call agent, c kt ni vi cc thnh phn khc nhau nh: SGW MS FS AS kt ni cuc gi hay qun l a ch IP. Lp iu khin c nhim v kt ni cung cp cc dch v truyn thng sut t u cui n u cui vi bt k loi giao thc v bo hiu no. Cc chc nng qun l v chm sc khch hng cng c tch hp trong lp iu khin. Nh c giao din m nn c s tch bit gia dch v v truyn dn, iu ny cho php cc dch v mi c a vo nhanh chng v d dng. Lp ng dng Lp ny gm cc nt thc thi dch v ( thc cht l cc server dch v) cung cp cc ng dng cho khch hng thng qua lp truyn ti. Lp ng dng cung cp cc dch v c bng thng khc nhau v nhiu mc . Mt s dch v s thc hin lm ch vic iu khin logic ca chng v truy nhp trc tip ti lp ng dng, cn mt s dch v khc s thc hin iu khin t lp iu khin. Lp ng dng kt ni vi lp iu khin thng qua giao din m API. Nh m cc nh cung cp dch v c th pht trin cc ng dng v trin khai nhanh chng trn dch v mng. Lp qun l Lp qun l l mt lp c bit xuyn sut cc lp t kt ni cho n lp ng dng. Ti lp qun l ngi ta c th khai thc hoc xy dng mng gim st vin thng TMN nh mt mng ring theo di v iu phi cc thnh phn mng vin thng ang hot ng. Cc thnh phn ca NGN NGN l mng th h k tip khng phi l mng hon ton mi do vy khi xy dng NGN ta cn ch vn kt ni NGN vi mng hin hnh v tn dng cc thit b vin thng hin c trn mng nhm t c hiu qu khai thc ti a.

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2.2.1.1 Cu trc vt l ca NGN

Hnh 13: Cu trc vt l ca NGN

2.2.1.2 Cc thnh phn ca NGN Trong NGN c rt nhiu thnh phn song y ch trnh by nhng thnh phn th hin r nt s tin tin ca NGN so vi mng vin thng truyn thng c th l: - Media Gateway (MG) - Media Gateway Controller (MGC) - Signalling Gateway (SG) - Media Server (MS)-

Application Server (Feature Server)

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Hnh 14: Cc thnh phn ca NGN Media Gateway MG

Hnh 15: Cu trc Media Gateway Media Gateway cung cp phng tin truyn ti thng tin thoi, d liu, fax v video gia mng gi IP v mng PSTN. Trong mng PSTN, d liu thoi c mang trn knh DSo. truyn d liu ny vo mng gi mu thoi

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cn c nn li v ng gi. c bit y ngi ta s dng mt b x l tn hiu s DSP. Media Gateway Controller MGC

Hnh 16: Cu trc Softswitch MGC l n v chnh ca Softswitch. N a ra cc quy lut x l cuc gi, cn MG v SG s thc hin cc quy lut . N iu khin SG thit lp v kt thc cuc gi. Ngoi ra n cn giao tip vi h thng OS v BSS MGC chnh l cu ni gia cc mng c c tnh khc nhau, nh PSTN, SS7, mng IP. N chu trch nhim qun l lu lng thoi v d liu qua cc mng khc nhau. N cng c gi l Call Server do chc nng iu khin cc bn tin. Mt MGC kt hp vi MG, SG to thnh mt cu hnh ti thiu cho Softswitch. Signalling Gateway SG Signalling Gateway to ra chic cu ni gia mng bo hiu SS7 vi mng IP di s iu khin ca Media Gateway Controller (MGC).

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SG lm cho Softswitch ging nh mt nt SS7 trong mng bo hiu SS7. Nhim v ca SG l x l thng tin bo hiu. Media Server Media Server l thnh phn la chn ca Softswitch, c s dng x l cc thng tin c bit. Mt Media Server phi h tr phn cng DSP vi hiu sut cao nht. Application Server /Feature Server

Hnh 17: Cu trc Server ng dng Server c tnh l mt server mc ng dng cha mt lot dch v ca doanh nghip. Chnh v vy n cn c gi l Server ng dng thng mi. V hu ht cc server ny t qun l cc dch v v truyn thng qua mng IP nn chng khng rng buc nhiu vi Softswitch v vic phn chia hay nhm cc thnh phn ng dng. Cc dch v cng thm c th trc thuc Call Agent hoc cng c th thc hin mt cch c lp. Nhng ng dng ny giao tip vi Call Agent thng qua cc giao thc nh SIP, H323 Chng thng c lp vi phn cng nhng li yu cu truy nhp c s d liu c trng.

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Feature Server xc nh tnh hp l v h tr cc thng s dch v thng thng cho h thng a chuyn mch.

Cc giao thc trong NGN 2.2.1.3 H323 v SIP H323 Vo nm 1996 ITU-T a ra khuyn ngh H323. Chun h323 m t vic iu khin cc phin a phng tin lin quan n in thoi trong kt ni imim gia cc im cui thng minh. N cung cp nn tng cho vic truyn thng thoi, video v d liu qua cc mng da trn IP, bao gm c Internet H323 c vai tr nh mt giao thc che, n thc cht l mt chng giao thc bao gm nhiu giao thc bo hiu khc nh: - RAS dung cho qun l ng nhp v trng thi - H225 cho bo hiu cuc gi v gi ho cc dng media cho cc h thng truyn thng a phng tin da trn cng ngh gi. - H245 cho iu khin truyn thng gia cc h thng in thoi trc quan v cc thit b u cui.-

Mt s tiu chun cho m ho, gii m ting ni nh G711, G728

- Mt s tiu chun cho m ho, gii m hnh nh nhu H261, H263Audio Video qun l v iu khin kt cui Data

G.711 G.722 H.261 G.723.1 H.263 G.728 G.729.A RTP

RTCP

H.225.0 Knh RAS

H.225.0 Knh bo hiu cuc gi

H.245 Knh iu khin

T.124

X.224 Class 0 Giao thc truyn tin cy (TCP)

T.125

Giao thc truyn khng tin cy (UDP)

Lp mng (IP) lp truyn dn (IEEE 802.3) Lp vt l (IEEE 802.3)

T.123

Hnh 18: M hnh H323 tng quan vi m hnh OSITrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 26

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H323 cung cp kh nng truyn dn audio, video, thng tin iu khin. D liu bao gm hnh nh, fax, d liu my tnh v cc loi d liu khc. N c th cung cp rt nhiu loi hnh dch v v dng trong nhiu lnh vc khc nhau. Cu trc H323 c th dc s dng trong mng LAN hoc mng gi din rng, bt k mt mng gi khng tin cy (khng m bo cht lng dch v), hoc c tr cao u c th c dng cho H323. SIP Vo nm 1999, IETF a ra tiu chun bo hiu ring cho mnh gi l Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). SIP l giao thc bo hiu tng ng dng cho vic khi to, thay i v kt thc cc phin media, bao gm cc cuc gi thoi Internet v hi ngh a phng tin. Cng ging nh H323 n da trn cu trc phn tn. SIP da trn tng v cu trc ca SMTP v HTTP. N hot ng theo c ch client server, cc yu cu c bn gi (client) a ra v bn b gi (server) tr li. V c bn SIP l mt giao thc hng vn bn v gn gng nh HTTP nhng khng phi l s m rng ca HTTP.Pht hin v thitlp hingh iukhin Audio/ Video d liu / ng dng Chia s

SDP SAP SIP HTTP UDP SMTP TCP RTSP TCP UDP RSVP UDP

SDP : phin

Giao thc m t

iu khin phn b

RTP v RTCP UDP

Reliable Multicast

SIP : Giao thc khi to phin SAP : Giao thc thng bo phin RTSP : Giao thc dng thi gian thc RTP : Giao thc truyndn thi gian thc RTCP

IP v IP Multicast Integrated v Differentiated Services Forwarding

Hnh 19: V tr SIP trong chng giao thc SIP thc hin mt s nhim v trong sut mt phin ca hai pha (gi v b gi): - nh v server: xc nh h thng u cui cho truyn thng thoi - Cc kh nng ca User: xc nh cc phng tin v cc tham s ca phng tin s c dng - Thit lp cuc gi: rung chung, thit lp cc tham s cuc gi cho c hai pha gi v b gi - Kim sot cuc gi: chuyn v kt thc cuc giTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 27

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Ta c th so snh H323 v SIP: H323: L chun ca ITU m t mt b giao thc Ton din nhng li phc tp c trin khai nhiu hn SIP SIP: L chun ca IETF c pht trin cho in thoi IP, khng khi xng t PSTN V c bn th SIP cng ging H323 l cc giao thc khc nhau truyn cc thng tin ging nhau 2.2.1.4 BICC, SIP-T v SIP-I BICC BICC do ITU-T pht trin t nm 1999. Mc ch ca n l xc nh mt giao thc cho truyn thng gia cc server hay MGC, c lp vi cc loi ti tin. Do vy n cho php cc nh vn hnh mng chuyn c cc dch v thoi t mng TDM sang mng gi. Vi mong mun thch ng 100% vi mng hin ti v lm vic trn bt c mi trng no khc truyn thoi vi cht lng chp nhn c. Ta c th tm tt v BICC nh sau: - BICC l mt giao thc chn mui - BICC CS1 xut hin 6/2000 h tr VoATM (Voice over ATM) n BICC CS2 xut hin 7/2001 h tr c VoATM v VoIP - Tng thch y vi giao thc SS7/ISUP. H tr y cc dch v ISUP do vy c th s dng li mng SS7 ang tn ti - D dng c mang qua IP nh s dng SIGTRAN hay circuit emulationTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 28

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- c la chn bi 3GPP (cho h thng ng dng di ng) - Thch ng tt vi cc h thng bo hiu khc nh SIP v H323 Minh ho hot ng ca BICC

BICCng hm PDU Cc thc th to v nhnTD M

MGC Tunnel (*)

MGC

H24 8

H24 8

MG

IP NetworkIP Port , IP @

MG

(*)cc bn tin BICC c truyn trong tham s APP

SIP-T L s m rng ca SIP h tr cc dch v thoi thng thng. C th coi nh sau: SIP-T=Tp con ca SIP+SIP m rng tng tc trong sut vi mng PSTN. C th hn th SIP-T gm c SIP thng thng trong mng IP v qu trnh ng gi ISUP chuyn thng tin bo hiu t mng TDM sang truyn trn mng gi s dng giao thc SIP. Minh ho hot ng ca SIP-TISUP phin bn x SS7 PSTN TGW IP TGW SIP Server SIP = SIP-T ISUP SIP phin bn x Server SS7 PSTN

SIP-I SIP-I l tiu chun c pht trin bi ITU-T da trn SIP ca IETF. N khng cung cp mt cch chi tit, nhng li to ra c hi tt hn lin kt hon ho gia cc gii php ca cc nh cung cp khc nhau. Mt bn nhp c a ra trong khuyn ngh Q912.5 ca ITU-T v c thng qua vo 12/3/2004.Trn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 29

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2.2.1.5 MGCP, H248/MEGACO MGCP MGCP l mt giao thc dng iu khin cc Gateway thoi nh phn t iu khin cuc gi bn ngoi c gi l b iu khin Media hay Call agent. - MGCP do IETF pht trin v c s dng rng ri cho cc gii php cp - M hnh kt ni da trn cc im cui v cc kt ni - L giao thc kiu master slaver, khc vi SIP v H323 (l giao thc peer - to peer). Phi hp hot ng tt vi SIP v H323 - c s dng gia Call Agent v Media server H248/MEGACO Bn cnh MGCP do IETF pht trin th ITU-T cng pht trin giao thc MDCP (media device control protocol). Sau hai t chc ny tho thun v i n thng nht mt giao thc gi l MEGACO hay H248 (theo cch gi ca ITU-T).( Simple Gateway Control Protocol ) ( IP Device Control Protocol )

SGCP( Sept. 1998 )

IPDC( Media Device Control Protocol )

( Media Gateway Control Protocol )

MGCP

MDCP

( March 1999 )

H.248 / MEGACOHnh 20: M hnh pht trin MEGACO/H248 - M hnh kt ni da trn cc termination v context-

Cc gi c nh ngha trong cc ph lc ring (cc RFC ring)

- Cc lp ng dng ln hn cho hi ngh a bn v cc cuc gi a phng tinTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 30

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- Hiu qu hn v m hn cho cc tin trnh trong tng lai m khng b ph v 2.2.1.6 SIGTRAN SIGTRAN l mt nhm lm vic ca IETF nghin cu vic truyn ti bo hiu PSTN (bo hiu SS7 da trn chuyn mch gi) qua mng IP. Nhm ny thc hin cng vic: cung cp tng tc gia hai mng PSTN v mng IP, cho php truyn bo hiu PSTN trong mng IP, in hnh l VoIP. Cng vic chnh ca nhm l nghin cu truyn bo hiu gia cc Gateway (SG v MGC) nhm cung cp kh nng cho MGC nh v ti nguyn trn mng.Cc giao thc IET i chiuvingn xp SS7 FT CAP / MAP ISUP / SCCPSUA

Ngn xp SS7Data

Q.931IUA

UserMT P-3 MT P-2

MT -3 PM2PA M2UA

M3UA

SCT PIP

MT P-1

Hnh 21: M hnh Sigtran Kin trc Sigtran gm 3 thnh phn chnh: - Tng IP chun - Tng vn chuyn: vi giao thc truyn ti bo hiu SCTP truyn bo hiu tin cy - Tng thch ng: h tr cc hm nguyn thu xc nh yu cu bi mt giao thc ng dng bo hiu ring. Mt s giao thc thch ng c nh ngha: M2UA, M3UA, M2PA, SUA. M2UA: kt ni ti cc thit b c m khng cn yu cu s SP mi M2PA v M3UA: kt ni gia cc im bo hiu cho php IP

SUA: cho php kt ni vi cc im bo hiu cho php IP vi cc ng dng TCAP IUA: truyn bo hiu thu bao ti SoftswitchTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 31

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2.2.1.7 APIs v INAP INAP l giao thc ng dng mng thng minh. N h tr cc dch v mng thng minh trn nn NGN. N c dng cho truyn bo hiu dch v IN gia Call server v Feature server. API l giao din chng trnh ng dng. Thng qua giao din ny nh cung cp dch v c th tng tc vi Feature server kin to nn dch v mi mt cch linh hot trn nn mng hin c m khng cn thay i thit b mng. C giao din ny gip cho qu trnh trin khai cc dch v cng n gin v nhanh chng hn.ToolkitsInternal Application Server External Application Server Self Activation Self Management User- Service Interaction HTML, WAP, XML

Parlay, J ain ,OSA, S IP , XML Corba, SNMP , F TP Product Creation Service Management Network Management

Service Creation Open Services Platform

H323, S IP , Radius, Diameter, ... H323, S IP, Radius, ... IS UP, INAP, CAMEL, MAP, IS41 Access Access Server Server

MultiMediaMultiMedia Softswitch Softswitch Softswitch SoftswitchEMX

S12/E10/ Megahub

AXE -10

DX 200

EWS D

DMS

5ESS

System X

Hnh 22: M hnh kin to dch v 2.2.1.8 RTP v RCTP RTP RTP l giao thc truyn ti thi gian thc h tr vic truyn thng tin Media trong h thng H323. C th l RTP h tr thc hin trao i bn tin hai chiu t u n cui theo thi gian trn mng Unicast hay Muticast. Cc dch v truyn ti v ng m gi bao gm: nhn din ti, sp xp ng th t gi tin, chun ho thi gian tn hiu i hi thi gian thc da vo tem thi gian v cc t gim st. RTP da vo nhiu c ch khc bit v cc lp thp hn m bo truyn ng thi hn, chim gi ti nguyn, m bo tin cy v QoS. RTCP

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RTCP l giao thc iu khin truyn thi gian thc, lm c s iu khin ti cc thnh phn ca tp, s dng c ch phn phi ging vi gi d liu. Cc giao thc lp di phi cung cp vic phi hp gi d liu v iu khin. RTCP gim st vic gi d liu cng nh diu khin v nhn dng dch v. RTP lun s dng cng UDP chn, cn RTCP s dng cng UDP l ngay trn cng cho RTP ca n. Cc cng ngh nn tng cho NGN Ngy nay do yu cu ngy cng tng v s lng v cht lng dch v thc y s pht trin nhanh chng ca th trng cng ngh in t - tin hc vin thng. Nhng xu hng pht trin cng ngh v ang tip cn nhau, an xen ln nhau nhm cho php mng li tho mn tt hn cc nhu cu ca khch hng trong tng lai. Theo ITU c hai xu hng t chc mng chnh: - Hot ng kt ni nh hng (CO) - Hot ng khng kt ni (CL) Tuy vy hai phng thc pht trin ny ang dn tip cn v hi t dn n s ra i ca ca cng ngh ATM/IP. S pht trin mnh m ca cc dch v v cc cng ngh mi tc ng trc tip n s pht trin cu trc mng. 2.2.1.9 IP IP l giao thc chuyn tip gi tin. Vic chuyn tip gi tin c thc hin theo c ch phi kt ni. IP nh ngha c cu nh s, c cu chuyn tin, c cu nh tuyn v cc chc nng iu khin mc thp (ICMP). Gi tin IP gm a ch ca bn nhn, a ch l s duy nht trong ton mng v mang y thng tin cn cho vic chuyn gi ti ch. IP l giao thc chuyn mch c tin cy v kh nng m rng cao. Tuy nhin vic iu khin lu lng rt kh thc hin do phng thc nh tuyn theo tng chng. Mt khc IP cng khng h tr cht lng dch v. 2.2.1.10 ATM Cng ngh ATM da trn c s ca phng php chuyn mch gi. Thng tin c nhm vo cc gi tin c di c nh ngn; trong v tr gi khng ph thuc vo ng h ng b v da trn nhu cu bt k ca knh cho trc. Cc chuyn mch ATM cho php hot ng vi nhiu tc v dch v khc nhau. ATM c hai c im quan trng:Trn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 33

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- ATM s dng cc gi c kch thc nh v c nh gi l cc t bo ATM. Cc t bo nh vi tc truyn cao s lm cho tr truyn lan v bin ng tr gim nh i vi cc dch v thi gian thc, cng to iu kin cho vic hp knh tc cao d dng hn. - ATM c kh nng nhm mt s knh o thnh mt ng o nhm gip cho cng vic nh tuyn c d dng Qu trnh chuyn giao cc t bo qua tng i ATM cng ging nh chuyn giao gi qua router. Tuy nhin ATM c th chuyn mch nhanh hn v nhn gn trn cell c kch thc c nh v nh hn IP, kch thc bng nh tuyn nh hn nhiu so vi ca IP router. Vic ny thc hin trn cc thit b phn cng chuyn dng nn dung lng tng i ATM thng ln hn dung lng IP router truyn thng. 2.2.1.11 IP Over ATM IP over ATM l mt k thut xp chng, n xp IP ln ATM; giao thc ca hai tng hon ton c lp vi nhau, gia chng phi nh mt loi giao thc na ni thng nh NHRP, ARP. iu hin nay khng c s dng rng ri trong thc t. 2.2.1.12 MPLS MPLS l k thut chuyn mch a giao thc nhn. Phng php ny dung hp mt cch hu hiu nng lc iu khin lu lng ca thit b chuyn mch vi tnh linh hot ca b nh tuyn. MPLS l cng ngh chuyn mch IP c nhiu trin vng. Vi tnh cht c cu nh tuyn ca mnh, MPLS c kh nng nng cao cht lng dch v ca mng IP truyn thng. Bn cnh thng lng ca mng s c ci thin mt cch r rt. Tuy nhin tin cy l mt vn thc tin c th khin vic trin khai MPLS trn mng b chm li.

Gii php NGN ca cc hngM hnh NGN ca Alcatel Alcatel a ra m hnh mng th h sau vi cc lp: Lp truy nhp v truyn ti Lp trung gian Lp iu khinTrang 34

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-

Lp dch v mngL pd chv mng L p ukhi i n L ptrunggian L ptruy nhpvtruy ti n Cc d chv mng clp

D v/bohi ch u mng c Thi b mng t c

Khchh ng Truy nhpt xa

Ng i s dng

H 23: S mng t lai (M h caAlcatel) nh ng nh

Alcatel gii thiu cc chuyn mch a dch v, a phng tin 1000MME10 v Alcatel 1000 Softswitch cho gii php xy dng NGN. Trong h sn phm 1000MME10 l cc h thng c s xy dng mng vin thng th h mi t mng hin c. Nng lc x l ca h thng rt ln so vi cc h thng E10 trc y, ln ti 8 triu BHCA, tc chuyn mch ATM c th t ti 80Gb/s. c im ln nht ca h thng ny l lun chuyn mt s chc nng lin quan n iu khin cuc gi nh chng trnh kt ni ATM bn c nh, chng trnh x l s liu cho vic lp k hoch nh s, nh tuyn, im iu khin dch v ni hat, qun l kt ni bng thng ln my ch (Server) chy trn UNIX. H thng ny c th lm cc chc nng sau: - Gateway trung k: h tr kt ni gia mng thoi dng TDM v mng chuyn mch gi. H thng ny gm Gateway cho thoi qua ATM v thoi qua IP. - Gateway truy nhp: h thng ny thc hin kt ni n thu bao, tp trung cc lu lng POST, ISDN, ADSL, ATM, IP v chuyn n mng chuyn mch gi. H thng cng cung cp cc chc nng xc nhn, cho php kt ni, thng k v cc kt cui bng hp, bng rng. - Tng i chuyn mch gi: c chc nng hn hp chuyn mch/ nh tuyn t ti phn li hay bin ca mng chuyn mch gi. Thit b ny chuyn ti thng tin gia Gateway trung k v Gateway truy nhp.Trn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 35

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M hnh NGN ca EricssonMy ch ngdng IP

QU n l

Co m Server H.323

HLR

SCP

ng dng

My Ch PLMN

My ch PSTN/ ISDN

i khi u n

MGW

Mng ng trc k ni tMGW MGW MGW MGW

Cc m ng d v / a ch IP khc

M ng truy nhp v tuy n

M ng truy nhp h u tuy n

PBX/LAN intranet

Cc m ng n tho i i khc

H 24: Cu trc mng thhti nh ptheocaEricsson

Ericsson gii thiu m hnh mng th h mi c tn l ENGINE. ENGINE to ra mt mng li cung cp nhiu dch v trn mt c s h tng mng duy nht. N bao gm ton b cc sn phm mng a dch v ca Erisson v y l mt tp hp cc gii php v sn phm. Cu trc ENGINE hng ti cc ng dng, cu trc ny sa trn cc lin h Client/Server v Gateway/Server. Cc ng dng gm cc phn client trn my u cui v cc server trong mng giao tip vi nhau qua cc giao din m v hng ti mng c lp vi dch v. Cng nh cc hng khc mng ENGINE c phn thnh 3 lp, s dng cng ngh chuyn mch gi l: -Lp dch v/iu khin -Lp kt ni x l thng tin ngi s dng, chuyn mch v nh tuyn lu lng hay lp vn chuyn -Lp truy nhp Lp dch v/iu khin bao gm cc server c chc nng iu khin cc cuc gi PSTN/ISDN v s liu, cung cp cc dch v mng thng minh IN, Mutimedia thi gian thc trn c s x l AXE ca Ericsson.

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Lp kt ni x l cc thng tin ngi s dng, chuyn mch v nh tuyn lu lng hay cn gi l lp vn chuyn vi phn li chuyn mch chnh l ATM AXD 301 c dung lng t 10 n 160 Gb/s v kh nng m rng trong tng lai ln n 2500Gb/s. ng thi h thng chuyn mch ATM AXD 301 c th s dng nh mt giao din gia mng li v cc mng truy nhp khc: mng c nh, v tuyn c nh v mng di ng. Lp truy nhp m bo kh nng truy nhp ca thu bao t cc mng c nh, v tuyn c nh, di ng v cc mng truy nhp khc. Ericsson gii thiu sn phm ENGINE Access Ramp gm cc dng sn phm p ng yu cu ca gii php mng cn trin khai (truy nhp bng hp, a truy nhp, truy nhp ADSL, phn tch DSSL, chuyn mch ghp, chuyn mch n, tch hp ATM). i vi cu hnh truy nhp bng hp vic chuyn mch s do chuyn mch ni ht (local) thc hin. cung cp cc dch v ATM ENGINE Access Ramp s phi hp vi mng ATM cng cng. Gii php mng mi ENGINE ca Ericsson c 3 gii php ng dng: mng trung k, mng chuyn mch, mng tch hp.-

Mng trung k: y l bc u tin tin ti mng a dch v, chuyn mch ATM lp ghp ti tng i Toll ca mng PSTN s cho php lu lng thoi c vn chuyn nh lu lng t trn mng ng trc. Lu lu lng thoi vn c iu khin chuyn mch trc khi a ti chuyn mch ATM.

- Mng chuyn mch: s dng thay th mng ng trc hon ton bng chuyn mch gi cho cc ng dng IP v ATM. Thc hin iu khin cuc gi lu lng thoi s do server lp iu khin thc hin v qu trnh chuyn mch s do chuyn mch ATM (MG thc hin - lp kt ni x l) - Mng tch hp: l gii php cung cp y cc tnh nng ca mng th h sau. Vic iu khin cuc gi s c tp chung bi mt Teleephony server lp iu khin thc hin, cc h thng chuyn mch ATM s thay th cc chuyn mch ni ht v nt truy nhp cung cp cc dch v bng rng cho thu bao. y l cu trc cn ang c gi l a dch v u cui ti u cui (end to end multi service network).

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Gii php kt hp mng ATM/IP vi mng hin tai ca NortelServer

Packet Voice Gateway

ATM NetworkThoi trn ATM/IP

Packet Voice Gateway

E1, DS3TDM

E1, DS3TDM

Chuy ch nm TDM

CM

T DM

Mng bohi u No7

CM

T DM

Chuy nmch TDM

PSTNMng bngh TDM p

Hnh 25: M hnh ca Nortel Nortel a ra m hnh kt hp ATM/IP vi mng hin ti nh trn v a ra cc sn phm phc v cho m hnh ny l OP Tera Packet v Passport 15000. H sn phm OP Tera Packet cho lp iu khin, OP Tera Packet Core cho lp vn chuyn xng sng (backbone) v Passport cho h thng chuyn mch v truy nhp a dch v. Mc tiu ca Nortel l hon thin mng li m bo hp nht cc mng thoi v s liu c th cung cp cc dch v IP, ATM bng cch a ra khi li IP/MPLS bao gm li IP router v chuyn mch MPLS c dung lng 19.2Tb/s c giao din quang 2,5Gb/s (c kh nng m rng ti 10Gb/s). H thng chuyn mch Passport trn c s lai ghp ATM v IP/MPLS c kh nng cung cp a dch v cho thu bao vi dung lng 40Gb/s v c kh nng m rng ti Tb/s. H sn phm Passport c gii thiu gm Passport 7000, 15000, 15000VSS v 15000BSN c s dng nh phn li ca mng chuyn mch hoc nh MG ca lp kt ni trong NGN. H thng Passport 15000 c xy dng trn cc chun PNNI, IISP v DPRS, tch hp IP trn ATM cng nh MPLS vi ATM c th cung cp cc dch v mt cch ton din. c bit vi kh nng MPLS phi hp nh tuyn, u cho cc lu lng data cho dch v FR, IP v ATM m bo QoS, ngoi ra cn c kh nng hp nht iu khin phc v cho ng dng Packet/Optical.Trn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 38

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M hnh NGN ca SiemensKhai bovqu l n d chv Qu l n k ni t Qu l n mng

L p u i khi n

PSTN/ ISDN

Mng truy nh ad p chvPOTS,ISDN

C ngni

L p truy nhp

IP,ATM,FR... CABLE

V tuy n

DN

Truy nquang nd

L p chuy n t i

Cc mng hi nc

tuy chuy nh n/ nmch

tuy chuy nh n/ nmch

H 26: Cu trc mng thhsau(m h caSie ns) nh nh meGii php NGN ca Siemens da trn cu trc phn tn, xo i khong cch gia mng PSTN v mng s liu. Cc h thng a ra vn da trn cu trc pht trin ca h thng chuyn mch m ni ting ca Siemens l EWSD. Siemens gii thiu gii php c tn l SURPASS.

Phn chnh ca SURPASS l h thng hiQ, y c th coi l h thng ch tp chung cho lp iu khin ca mng vi chc nng nh mt h thng ca ng mnh iu khin cc tnh nng thoi, kt hp kh nng bo hiu mnh kt ni vi nhiu mng khc nhau. Trn h thng ny c khi chuyn di bo hiu bo hiu s 7 ca mng PSTN/ISDN sang giao thc iu khin ca ng trung gian MGCP. Tu theo chc n ng v dung lng SURPASS hiQ c chia thnh cc loi SURPASS hiQ 10, 20, 9100, 9200, 9400.

SURPASS hiG l h cc h thng ca ng trung gian (MG) t mng dch v cp di ln SURPASS hiQ, h thng nm bin mng ng trc, chu s qun l ca SURPASS hiQ. H ny c chc nng: - Ca ng qun l truy nhp t xa (RAS): chuyn i s liu t modem hay ISDN thnh s liu IP v ngc li.Trn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 39

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- Ca ng cho VoIP: nhn lu lng thoi PSTN, nn, to gi, chuyn ln mng IP v ngc li - Ca ng cho VoATM: nhn lu lng thoi PSTN, nn, to gi, chuyn thnh cc t bo ATM, chuyn ln mng ATM v ngc li. SURPASS hiA l h thng truy nhp a dch v nm lp truy nhp ca NGN, phc v cho truy nhp thoi, xDSL v cc dch v s liu trn mt nn duy nht. cung cp cc gii php truy nhp SURPASS hiA c th kt hp vi tng i EWSD hin c qua giao din V5.2 cng nh cng vi SURPASS hiQ to nn mng th h mi. SURPASS hiA chia thnh nhiu loi tu theo cc giao din h tr (h tr xDSL, truy nhp bng rng, lease line kt ni Internet trc tip. Kt hp chc nng ca ng trung gian tch hp, gm c VoIP, VoATM) thnh cc loi SURPASS hiA 7100, 7300, 7500. qun l tt c h thng ca SURPASS, Siemens a ra NetManager. H thng qun l ny s dng giao thc SNMP v chy trn nn JAVA/CORBA, c giao din HTTP c th qun ly qua trang web. Xu hng pht trin NGN ca Lucent Lucent c bit nhn mng cu trc NGN vi hai lp: - Lp li ATM/IP v truyn dn quang (p dng cng ngh quang tin tin nh WDM, DWDM) - Lp phn phi dch v. H a ra mt s thit b:-

MSC 25000 Multiservice Packet Core Switch: kh nng x l 750 triu gi tin, bng thng giao din quang 155Mb/s n 10Gb/s. Thit b ny cung cp d phng 320 Gb/s, lu lng 2 chiu tng ng vi 15 triu knh kt ni o trn h thng v 50 nghn cuc gi c th thit lp trong mt giy.

- Metro MSX (Metro Multiservice Transmission) vi dng sn phm MetroMSX4500, MetroMSX2500, MetroMSX2000. MetroMSX l sn phm hp nht cc lp thit b vi gii php ti u tch hp. - Ngoi ra cn c cc sn phm B-STDX 8000/9000 v CBX 500 h tr cc dch v ca c FR v ATM.Trn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 40

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Xu hng pht trin NGN ca NECMng u khi d v i n chMy chmng

Mng truy nhp Mng ng trc

W-CDMAS i cp Truy n t quang i DWDM Nt Giga b tCA TV

Corporate Network LAN v tuy n Truy nhp ATMLAN

FTTx

Cpng md i bi n

ONU Mng gia nh IEEE1394

H 27: M h cu NEC vmng vi thng t lai nh nh n ngNEC a ra m hnh mng tng lai v sn phm mi thuc h tng i NEAX - 61. y l h thng chuyn mch hn hp STM/ATM/IP, l kt qu ca chng trnh c tn Progessiveunity vi mc ch tin n NGN. H thng mi ny nhn mnh n kh nng pht trin hi ho gia mng khch hng hin ti v cung cp dch v IP m bo QoS mt cch kinh t. H sn phm c a ra gii thiu gm 3 loi h thng:-

IP Gateway (PSTN/IP) cung cp cc giao din PSTN/IP v quay trn s truy nhp Internet. Loi ny c s dng trong trng hp c hai mng ng trc ring cho PSTN v Internet.

- Media gateway ngoi kh nng cung cp cc giao din PSTN/Ip v quay s trn gi truy nhp internet cn c cc giao din truy nhp s liu tc cao XDSL. Loi ny s dng kt ni vi mng truyn dn SDH tch bit vi mng IP v mng ng trc ATM - Access gateway a nng hn hai loi trn, ngoi cc giao din cho thu bao nh Media gateway cn c cc giao din WLL, IP/ATM cho PBX. Loi ny c s dng trong trng hp mng ng trc c gi ho trn c s IP/ATMTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 41

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Chng 3:Dch v trong NGN

CHNG 3: DCH V TRONG NGN Gii thiu chung v dch vS cnh tranh gay gt trong lnh vc mng thng tin cng nh mng vin thng ang din ra trong nhng nm gn y. Khi s cnh tranh gia tng, iu c bit quan trng i vi cc cng ty l xc nh v tr thch hp mang li thun li cho bn thn mnh, v chun b cho mi trng truyn thng mi ang ni ln. Trong mi trng ny, s ha nhp, lin kt v cnh tranh ca cc thnh vin mi tham gia vo th trng phi hot ng tch cc tm ra phng thc mi, nhm gi v thu ht hu ht cc khch hng c tim nng. Cc nh cung cp dch v hin nay ang c gng tm ra li i ring cho mnh to ra s khc bit vi cc nh cung cp khc, chng hn nh tm kim phng thc mi ng nhn v ng gi dch v, thc hin gim cc chi ph hot ng, Mng th h mi NGN l bc k tip ca th gii vin thng, c th c hiu l mng da trn cng ngh chuyn mch gi, kh nng iu khin thng minh dch v hoc cuc gi. Kh nng iu khin thng minh ny thng h tr cho tt c cc loi dch v trn mng truyn thng, t dch v thoi c bn (Basic Voice Telephony Services) cho n cc dch v d liu, hnh nh, a phng tin, bng rng tin tin (Advanced Broadband), v cc ng dng qun l (Management Application).

Hnh 28: Mng a dch v (gc dch v)Trn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 42

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Nh cp cc phn trc, NGN l s tp trung ca ba loi mng chnh: mng thoai PSTN, mng di ng v mng chuyn mch gi (mng Internet). Cu trc ny phn phi ton b cc phng thc truy nhp, hu ht cc cng ngh v ng dng mi. T to ra nhiu dch v mi.

Hnh 29: Cu trc NGN dng modun C ba loi dch v ch yu trong NGN: dch v thi gian thc v thi gian khng thc, dch v ni dung, dch v qun l. Cc dch v ny gip cho cc nh khai thc c s iu khin, bo mt v tin cy tt hn ng thi gim chi ph vn hnh. Nh , cc nh cung cp dch v c th nhanh chng c ngun thu mi. Xy dng trn cc thnh phn m v c module ha, trn cc giao thc chun v cc giao din m, NGN tr thnh mt phng tin thc hin mc ch l cho php kt ni gia con ngi v my mc bt c khong cch no.Trn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 43

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Ni cch khc, NGN c kh nng cung cp cc yu cu c bit ca tt c khch hng cng ty, vn phng xa, vn phng nh, nh ring, N hp nht thoi hu tuyn v v tuyn, d liu, video, bng cch s dng chung mt lp truyn ti gi. Cc lp dch v ca NGN linh hot, chi ph hiu qu v c kh nng m rng hn i vi cc dch v trc y.

Nhu cu NGN ca cc nh cung cp dch vMng Internet ang x l kh tt tt c cc dch v chng ta yu cu. Gii php ca mng Internet n gin l s dng cc thit b u cui thu bao CPE (Customer Premise Equipment) tin tin nh PC, smart phone, set-top-box, Dch v c thc hin ti cc h thng u cui. Cc x nghip, cc cng ty phn mm v mt s trng i hc, trung hc s pht trin cc ng dng v ti chng t mng Internet n cc thit b CPE. Cc yu cu i vi mng truyn ti cng cng l tnh tin cy v bng thng truyn dn cao. Nh vy ti sao cc nh cung cp dch v li quan tm n dch v NGN? Ti sao h khng theo phng thc kinh doanh c? Sau y l mt s l do tiu biu: Nh cung cp c th tn ti vi phng thc c (nu h may mn), tuy nhin chc chn h s khng thnh cng. Cc nh cung cp ang bt buc cnh tranh v gi m bo thu nhp. Trong lc , cc i th cnh tranh a ra cc dch v hp dn c cc khch hng bo b nht. Do nu nh cung cp dch v mun thnh cng trong thi i mi, h buc phi thm gi tr vo cc dch v truyn thng ca mnh. NGN h tr cc dch v mi tin tin nn cho php h gi c cc khch hng quan trng v m rng th trng trong nhiu khu vc mi. Mng li hin nay khng th cung cp tt c cc yu cu ca khch hng. Mt iu khng th nghi ng l cc dch v ca mt vi khch hng ang chuyn dn ra bin mng. Nh cung cp mng cng cng khng th chng li khuynh hng ny. Tuy nhin h khng chp nhn tht bi. Kinh doanh cc dch v thng tin mi tr thnh mt ngnh cng nghip c th thu v hng t la. Cui cng c mt thc t l mt s ngi mun s dng cc dch v mi trn nn CPE, trong khi s khc li thch dch v trn nn mng. Cc dch v trn nn mng c nhiu u im. Vi mt s nh cc dch v n gin khng yu cu lm vic gia khch hng vi nhau, cc dch v trn nn CPE c th hiu qu. Tuy nhin, khi s lng khch hng lm vic vi nhau tng, cc dch v trn nn mng t ra c nhiu li th hn. V d, cc ng dngTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 44

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trn nn mng linh hot hn v c kh nng m rng hn so vi cc dch v trn nn CPE. Vi cc ng dng trn nn CPE, thit b CPE cn phi tinh vi, phc tp hn (v do , t tin hn) m bo cc yu cu v cc ng dng tin tin hn. Gii php trn nn mng cho php chia s ti nguyn v d dng m rng p ng cc yu cu . Th hai, dch v trn nn CPE kh khn trong vic cung cp cc dch v i vi thu bao di ng. Nu khch hng mun truy nhp vo cc dch v ca h ti nhng a im khc nhau, h cn phi mang thit b CPE theo hay ti phn mm t v tr mi, lng ph thi gian v ti nguyn mng. Vi cc dch v trn nn mng, khch hng c th truy nhp vo cc dch v ca h bt k t v tr no. Cui cng, cc vn khch hng quan tm nh tnh cc, qun l cu hnh, d phng v cc dng qun l khc c x l d dng hn i vi cc dch v trn nn mng. NGN s cho php cc nh khai thc cung cp vi chi ph hiu qu ca cc dch v mi phc tp hn bng cch xy dng mt li lin h vi cc dch v truyn ti truyn thng. Thm vo , vic hp nht cc ng dng NGN lm gim chi ph bng cch loi b cc nhc im ca cc dch v ring l hin nay. NGN cn gim thi gian thng mi ha v xoay vng vn nhanh hn khi cung cp cc dch v mi. V sau cng, NGN m rng cc dch v tin tin, tng kh nng cnh tranh v m rng kh nng thm nhp th trng ca h.

Yu cu ca khch hng Cng ty ln Dch v VPN cho kt ni ni b, v dch v truyn dn (chng hn nh leased line) kt ni vi bn ngoi. C nhu cu qun l dch v v mng. Dung lng bng thng ln, phn phi bng thng linh hot. Yu cu QoS l bt buc, c s d phng. Cng ty trung bnh Dch v VPN cho kt ni ni b v cc dch v vn phng kt ni vi bn ngoi nh: thoi, Internet, fax, Dung lng bng thng trung bnh. QoS: quan trng

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Cng ty nh, vn phng t ti nh Dch v kt ni t xa, dch v vn phng nh thoi, fax, d liu, Internet,.. Dung lng bng thng trung bnh. QoS: t quan trng. Thu bao ti nh Dch v kt ni t xa v cc dch v ti nh nh thoi, Internet, di ng, gii tr, iu khin cc thit b trong nh, Dung lng bng thng nh. QoS: t quan trong.

Dch v NGNXu hng cc dch v trong tng lai xc nh c cc dch v trong mng th h sau cng nh chin lc u t ca cc cng ty, xu hng pht trin cc dch v trong tng lai l vn rt cn xem xt. Trc ht chng ta cn quan tm n xu hng ca dch v thoi. y l dch v ph bin, lu i v thu nhiu li nhun nht t nhng ngy u cho n nay. Do , dch v thoi truyn thng s tip tc tn ti trong thi gian di. Sau , mt phn dch v truyn thng ny chuyn sang thng tin di ng v thoi qua IP. i vi dch v truyn thng a phng tin, hin nay H.323 l mi trng cho gii php thoi qua giao thc IP v cc dch v a phng tin tng i n gin. Tuy nhin, sau SIP s thay th cho H.232 do SIP c nhiu u im hn v thch hp vi cc dch v truyn thng a phng tin phc tp. Trong tng lai, tnh cc dch v theo ni dung v cht lng, khng theo thi gian s chim u th. Nhiu dch v v truy nhp ng dng thng qua cc nh cung cp dch v v truy nhp ng dng s pht trin mnh. Cc dch v leased line, ATM, Frame Relay hin nay s tip tc tn ti thm mt thi gian na do cc t chc kinh doanh khng mun thay i thit b ch v thay iTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 46

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dch v kt ni. Dch v IP-VPN s tr thnh mt la chn hp dn. Cui cng, phng thc truy nhp mng, ra lnh, nhn thng tin, bng li ni (voice portal) s l mt chn la trong tng lai. Hin nay, k thut chuyn i t li ni sang file vn bn v ngc li ang pht trin mnh. Cc c trng dch v NGN Mc d tht kh d on ht cc ng dng trong tng lai, nhng chng ta c th ch ra cc c trng v cc kh nng quan trng ca dch v trong mi trng NGN bng cch xem xt cc xu hng cng nghip lin quan n dch v hin nay. Mt iu chc chn l chng ta ang dch chuyn t mng chuyn mch knh, trn nn TDM sang mng da trn chuyn mch gi, da trn truyn ti t bo hay khung. Tuy nhin cc thay i ny l trong mng truyn ti v y chng ta ch xem xt mc dch v. Cc nh cung cp dch v mng truyn thng cung cp cc dch v vi khuynh hng thoi bng hp, bng mt kt ni n im-im trong mi cuc gi trn mt th trng rng ln gia cc thu bao u cui, vi cc kh nng s dng cc dch v gi tr gia tng khc nhau. D sao, cc dch v ny lm thay i nhanh chng n nn kinh t th gii v thng tin cng c xem nh mt ngun ti nguyn c s. Trong khi cc dch v hin ti vn c cc nh cung cp gi li, th khch hng li s hng n cc dch v a phng tin bng rng v cc dch v mang nhiu thng tin. Khch hng c th tng tc vi nhau thng qua mng nh cc thit b CPE tinh vi v c th chn trn phm vi rng cht lng dch v (QoS) v di tn. Trong tng lai, mng thng minh s khng ch to ra cc tuyn kt ni bng cch da trn c s d liu n gin m cn c th mang nhiu thng tin rng hn nh: qun l session a phng tin, cc kt ni a cng ngh, iu khin/qun l thng minh, bo mt cao, cc dch v ch dn trc tuyn, cc phn t gim st, S pht trin ca cc dch v truyn thng hin nay s hng ti vic cc nh cung cp dch v phi c s mm do, linh hot phc v c c th trng ln v nh. Cc quyt nh v vic cung cp dch v ca h c th gp nhiu vn phi gii quyt nh gi c, vic ng gi, tip th cng nh s tin ch ca dch v thc t khi cung cp. Khi c nhiu phng tin truyn tin, nh cung cp dch v, nh cung cp thit b v cc doanh nghip thng mi linTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 47

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quan n vic cung cp dch v, lin mng v cc h thng thng mi s tr nn cng quan trng. Mc tiu chnh ca dch v NGN l cho php khch hng c th ly thng tin h mun bt k dng no, trong bt k iu kin no, ti mi ni v dung lng ty . Da trn cc khuynh hng c cp trn, sau y l mt s c tnh dch v quan trng trong mi trng NGN: Lin lc thng tin rng khp, thi gian thc, a phng tin, m bo tin cy, thn thin trong vic lin kt cc thu bao, truy nhp tc cao v truyn ti thng tin vi bt k phng tin no, vo mi lc, ti mi ni, Nhiu thc th v cc phn t mng thng minh c phn b trn ton mng. N bao gm cc ng dng cho php truy nhp v iu khin cc dch v mng. N cng c th thc hin cc chc nng c th thay th cho nh cung cp dch v hoc mng. Ta c th xem n nh mt tc t qun l c th thc hin gim st ti nguyn mng, tp hp cc s liu, D dng s dng. Khch hng khng b nh hng t cc qu trnh tp trung, x l v truyn dn thng tin phc tp ca h thng. N cho php khch hng truy xut v s dng cc dch v mng mt cch n gin hn, bao gm cc giao din ngi dng cho php tng tc t nhin gia khch hng v mng. Khch hng c cung cp cc thng tin hng dn, cc ty chn, cc tng tc qun l xuyn sut cc dch v. Ngoi ra n cn cung cp cc menu khc nhau cho nhng ngi cha c kinh nghim ngc li vi nhng ngi c kinh nghim, v cung cp mt mi trng thng nht cho cc dng thng tin. NGN cho php khch hng qun l h s cc nhn, t d phng cc dch v mng, gim st thng tin tnh cc, c nhn ha giao din ngi dng, to ra v d phng cc ng dng mi Vi vic qun l thng tin thng minh, NGN gip ngi dng qun l s qu ti ca thng tin bng cch cung cp cho h kh nng tm, sp xp v lc cc bn tin hoc d liu, qun l chng cho mi phng tin.Trn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 48

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Cc dch v chnh trong NGN Trong thi gian hon thnh ti liu ny, NGN vn ang trn ng trin khai. Do vy, chng ta s gp rt nhiu kh khn trong vic xc nh ht tt c cc loi hnh dch v m NGN c kh nng cung cp trong thi gian ti. Rt nhiu dch v, mt s sn sng, mt s khc ch mc khi nim trong giai on u ca qu trnh trin khai NGN. Trong khi mt s dch v c th c cung cp t mt bng sn c, mt s khc c cung cp t kh nng bo hiu, qun l v iu khin ca NGN. Mc d cc dch v mi l ng lc chnh to ra NGN, nhng li nhun ca NGN trong giai on u vn do cc dch v truyn thng mang li. Do , cc dch v truyn thng c trang tri cho mng, trong khi cc dch v mi phc v cho s pht trin sau ny. Hu ht cc dch v truyn thng l cc dch v da trn c s truy nhp/ truyn dn/ nh tuyn/ chuyn mch, da trn c s kh nng kt ni/ ti nguyn v iu khin phin, v cc dch v gi tr gia tng khc. NGN c kh nng cung cp phm vi rng cc loi hnh dch v, bao gm: Cc dch v ti nguyn chuyn dng nh: cung cp v qun l cc

b chuyn m, cc cu ni hi ngh a phng tin a im, cc th vin nhn dng ting ni, Cc dch v lu tr v x l nh: cung cp v qun l cc n v lu tr thng tin v thng bo, file servers, terminal servers, nn tng h iu hnh (OS platforms), Cc dch v trung gian nh: mi gii, bo mt, bn quyn, Cc dch v ng dng c th nh: cc ng dng thng mi, cc ng dng thng mi in t, Cc dch v cung cp ni dung m n c th cung cp hoc mi gii ni dung thng tin nh: o to, cc dch v xc tin thng tin,.. Cc dch v interworking dng tng tc vi cc dch v khc, cc ng dng khc, cc mng khc, cc giao thc hoc cc nh dng khc nh chuyn i EDI (Electronic Data Interchange). Cc dch v qun l, bo dng, vn hnh v qun l cc dch v v mng truyn thng.

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Sau y l mt s dch v m chng ta tin rng n s chim v tr quan trng trong mi trng NGN, bao gm mt phm vi rng cc dch v t thoi thng thng n cc dch v tch hp phc tp nh Thc t o phn tn (Distributed Virtual Reality) nhm nhn mnh rng kin trc dch v th h sau s cung cp rt nhiu loi hnh dch v khc nhau.

Hnh 30: Mt s dch v NGN in hnh 3.4.3.1 Dch v thoi (Voice telephony) NGN vn cung cp cc dch v thoi khc nhau ang tn ti nh ch cuc gi, chuyn cuc gi, gi ba bn, cc thuc tnh AIN khc nhau, Centrex, Class, Tuy nhin cn lu l NGN khng c gng lp li cc dch v thoi truyn thng hin ang cung cp; dch v th vn m bo nhng cng ngh th thay i. 3.4.3.2 Dch v d liu (Data Serrvice) Cho php thit lp kt ni thi gian thc gia cc u cui, cng vi cc c t gi tr gia tng nh bng thng theo yu cu, tnh tin cy v phc hi nhanh kt ni, cc kt ni chuyn mch o (SVC- Switched Virtual Connection), v qun l di tn, iu khin cuc gi, Tm li cc dch v d liu c kh nng thit lp kt ni theo bng thng v cht lng dch v QoS theo yu cu. 3.4.3.3 Dch v a phng tin (Multimedia Service) Cho php nhiu ngi tham gia tng tc vi nhau qua thoi, video, d liu. Cc dch v ny cho php khch hng va ni chuyn, va hin th thng tin. Ngoi ra, cc my tnh cn c th cng tc vi nhau.

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3.4.3.4 Dch v mng ring o (VPN) Thoi qua mng ring o ci thin kh nng mng, cho php cc t chc phn tn v mt a l, m rng hn v c th phi hp cc mng ring ang tn ti vi cc phn t ca mng PSTN. D liu VPN cung cp thm kh nng bo mt v cc thuc tnh khc mng ca mng cho php khch hng chia s mng Internet nh mt mng ring o, hay ni cch khc, s dng a ch IP chia s nh mt VPN.

Hnh 31: Dch v VPN 3.4.3.5 Tnh ton mng cng cng (PNC Public Network Computing) Cung cp cc dch v tnh ton da trn c s mng cng cng cho thng mi v cc khch hng. V d nh cung cp mng cng cng c th cung cp kh nng lu tr v x l ring ( chng hn nh lm ch mt trang web, lu tr/ bo v/ d phng cc file s liu hay chy mt ng dng tnh ton). Nh mt s la chn, cc nh cung cp dch v mng cng cng c th chung cp cc dch v thng mi c th (nh hoch nh ti nguyn cng ty (ERPEnterprise Resource Planning), d bo thi gian, ha n chng thc,) vi tt c hoc mt phn cc lu tr v x l xy ra trn mng. Nh cung cp dch v c th tnh cc theo gi, ngy, tun, hay theo ph bn quyn i vi dch v. 3.4.3.6 Bn tin hp nht (Unified Messaging) H tr cung cp cc dch v voice mail, email, fax mail, pages qua cc giao din chung. Thng qua cc giao din ny, ngi s dng s truy nhp (cngTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 51

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nh c thng bo) tt c cc loi tin nhn trn, khng ph thuc vo hnh thc truy nhp (hu tuyn hay v tuyn, my tnh, thit b d liu v tuyn). c bit k thut chuyn i li ni sang file vn bn v ngc li c thc hin server ng dng cn phi c s dng dch v ny. 3.4.3.7 Mi gii thng tin (Information Brokering) Bao gm qung co, tm kim v cung cp thng tin n khch hng tng ng vi nh cung cp. V d nh khch hng c th nhn thng tin trn c s cc tiu chun c th hay trn cc c s tham chiu c nhn, 3.4.3.8 Thng mi in t (E-Commerce) Cho php khch hng mua hng ha, dch v c x l bng in t trn mng; c th bao gm c vic x l tin trnh, kim tra thng tin thanh ton tin, cung cp kh nng bo mt, Ngn hng ti nh v i ch ti nh nm trong danh mc cc dch v ny; bao gm c cc ng dng thng mi, v d nh qun l dy chuyn cung cp v cc ng dng qun l tri thc. Dch v thng mi in t cn c m rng sang lnh vc di ng. chnh l dch v thng mi in t di ng (mcommerce Mobile Commerce). C nhiu khi nim khc nhau v m-commerce, nhng ta c th hiu y l dch v cho php ngi s dng tham gia vo th trng thng mi in t (mua v bn) qua cc thit b di ng cm tay. 3.4.3.9 Dch v chuyn cuc gi (Call Center Service) Mt thu bao c th chuyn mt cuc gi thng thng n trung tm phn phi cuc gi bng cch kch chut trn mt trang web. Cuc gi c th xc nh ng n mt agent thch hp, m n c th nm bt c u thm ch c nh (nh trung tm cuc gi o Vitual Call Center). Cc cuc gi thoi cng nh cc tin nhn e-mail c th c xp hng ging nhau n cc agent. Cc agent c cc truy nhp in t n cc khch hng, danh mc, ngun cung cp v thng tin yu cu, c th c truyn qua li gia khch hng v agent. 3.4.3.10 Tr chi tng tc trn mng (Interactive gaming) Cung cp cho khch hng mt phng thc gp nhau trc tuyn v to ra cc tr chi tng tc (chng hn nh video games) 3.4.3.11 Thc t o phn tn (Distributed Virtual Reality) Tham chiu n s thay i c to ra c tnh cht k thut ca cc s kin, con ngi, a im, kinh nghim, ca th gii thc, nhng ngiTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 52

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tham d v cc nh cung cp kinh nghim o l phn tn v a l. Dch v ny yu cu s phi hp rt phc tp ca cc ti nguyn khc nhau. 3.4.3.12 Qun l ti gia (Home Manager) Vi s ra i ca cc thit b mng thng minh, cc dch v ny c th gim st v iu khin cc h thng bo v ti nh, cc h thng ang hot ng, cc h thng gii tr, v cc cng c khc ti nh. Gi s nh chng ta ang xem ti vi v c chung ca, khng vn g c, ta ch vic s dng iu khin ti vi t xa xem c trn mn hnh ai ang ng trc ca nh mnh. Hoc chng hn nh chng ta c th quan st c ngi nh ca mnh trong khi ang i xa, hoc quan st c ngi trng tr ang chm sc em b nh th no khi ta ang lm vic ti c quan. Ngoi cc dch v nu trn cn c rt nhiu dch v khc c th trin khai trong mi trng NGN nh: cc dch v ng dng trong y hc, chnh ph in t, nghin cu o to t xa, nhn tin a phng tin, Nh vy cc dch v th h sau l rt a dng v phong ph, vic xy dng, pht trin v trin khai chng l m v linh hot. Chnh v vy n thun tin cho cc nh cung cp dch v v ng dng trin khai dch v n cho khch hng trong mi trng NGN.

Kin trc dch v NGNS hiu bit cu trc dch v mng th h mi s gip lm sng t cc yu cu i vi mi pht hnh v cng ngh NGN.

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Hnh 32: Cu trc mng a dch v (t gc mng)

Hnh 33: Cu trc chc nng lp ng dng Xt trn lp ng dng dch v, c hai thnh phn chc nng c thm vo cu trc mng th h sau: chc nng server ng dng v chc nng media server.

Chc nng ca Server ng dng

Cung cp mt Platform phn phi dch v i vi cc dch v tinTrang 54

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tin SIP l giao thc c s dng gia cc b iu khin cuc gi (MGC) v cc server ng dng. C th cung cp cc giao din m APIs cho vic to v trin khai cc dch v (nh giao din JAIN, Parlay,CLP,)

Hnh 34: Cc API t bn cnh cc server ng dng

L nn tng cho vic thc thi v qun l cc dch v.

Trin khai cc dch v nhanh chng v nng cp cc dch v hin c. Chc nng ca Media Server

Cung cp ti nguyn phng tin c trng nh IVR, hi tho, fax,

Cc ti nguyn ny thng l thu m thanh, pht hin nhn phm, hi tho, chuyn vn bn thnh thoi, facsimile, nhn dng ting ni,.. Giao tip vi server ng dng bng giao thc MGCP v/hoc SIP Kt cui mt dng RTP, ng vai tr nh mt u cui media.

Cu trc chc nng ny c th c t theo nhiu kiu cu trc vt l khc nhau, nh cc hnh sau:

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Hnh 35: M hnh cu trc vt l 1

Hnh 36: M hnh cu trc vt l 2 Phn ny miu t ba c trng quan trng nht ca mi trng iu khin th h mi: Kin trc phn lp Khi nim cu trc phn lp l khi nim trung tm ca mi trng NGN. NGN chia iu khin dch v/ session t cc phng thc truyn ti c s. iu ny cho php cc nh cung cp la chn (cho tng trng hp c th) ccTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 56

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phng thc truyn ti thng tin khng ph thuc vo phn mm iu khin. Nh m t trong hnh sau, iu khin NGN c th c phn tch thnh iu khin c tnh (feature), iu khin dch v/ phin, iu khin kt ni. S phn tch gia truy nhp, dch v v iu khin phin trong lp dch v cho php mi phin c x l c lp vi cc phin khc. Do , nhiu phin dch v c th c bt u t mt phin truy nhp. Tng t, cc phin lin lc c th c x l ring l vi phin dch v ni chung m chng l b phn (bng cch cho php cho php iu khin cuc gi v kt ni mt cch ring l). iu quan trng nht l cc s phn tch ny cho php cc dch v c pht trin c lp vi truyn dn v kt ni. Do vy, cc nh pht trin dch v c th khng cn hiu ht cc dch v h ang pht trin.

Hnh 37: Cu trc iu khin phn lp Giao din cc dch v m API Hnh trn cng ch ra mt s c tnh quan trng ca kin trc dch v th h sau, nh tnh tin cy ca n trn cc giao din v cu trc m. c bit, mi trng pht trin m da trn giao din lp trnh ng dng (API) s cho php cc nh cung cp dch v, cc nh pht trin ng dng v cc khch hng tim nng to v gii thiu cc ng dng mt cch nhanh chng. N cng m ra nhiu c hi to ra v phn phi cc dch v cho nhiu khch hng hn. Nh vy, kh nng cung cp cc dch v mi v sng to s ch b gii hn bi chnhTrn Ngc Duy D2001VT Trang 57

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s sng to ca chng ta m thi.

Hnh 38: Kin trc phn lp/ Giao din dch v m Mng thng minh phn tn Trong mi trng cc dch v NGN, phm vi th trng ca cc dch v c th s dng c m rng mt cch ln mnh gm cc loi hnh dch v khc nhau v mng lin kt thng minh. Mi trng x l phn tn NGN (DPE Distributed Processing Environment) s gii phng tnh thng minh t cc phn t vt l trn mng. Do vy, tnh thng minh ca mng c th c phn tn n cc v tr thch hp trong mng hoc nu c th, n CPE. V d, kh nng thng minh ca mng c th nm cc server cho mt dch v no , trn cc server nay thc hin cc chc nng c th ( v d nh cc im iu khin dch v SCP, cc node dch v trong mt mi trng AIN), hoc trn cc thit b u cui gn khch hng. Cc kh nng thc hin s khng b rng buc trong cc thnh phn vt l ca mng.

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