Slide 1

NUTRITIONAL PROFILE OF SHEA FRUIT PULP FROM NIGERIA F.D UGESEI, K. P. BAIYERI2 & B.N. MBAH2 1 Department of Crop Production, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria

2 Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.

INTRODUCTION The shea tree occurs abundantly across Nigerias savanna zone Major zones are the southern guinea-, northern guinea- and the sudan savanna Different parts of the tree are useful Fruit pulp is edible and ripens at a very critical time of the year

PROBLEM STATEMENT Nutritional content of fruit pulp not adequately explored

Possible relationships among nutritional traits unknown

The above could undermine domestication efforts

OBJECTIVES Determine proximate traits of Nigerian shea fruit pulp

Ascertain elemental nutrient composition of the fruit pulp

Observe possible relationships among nutritional parameters

MATERIALS AND METHODS Fruit pulps collected across 7 locations in 3 agroecological zones

Locations: Lokoja, Makurdi, Akwanga, Kachia, Jalingo, Yola, Kano

15-25 trees were sampled in each zone

Milled oven dry samples subjected to laboratory analyses using standard methods

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

Analysis of variance (ANOVA)

F-LSD where applicable

Correlation analysis

Accession Moisture %

Carbohydrate %

Protein %

Fat %

Fibre %

Ash %

Energy Cal100g -1

Lokoja 8.5 45.3 4.4 1.2 35.5 5.2 209.2

Makurdi 10.1 40.4 3.5 1.4 38.9 5.9 187.6

Akwanga 8.8 42.5 3.5 1.7 39.0 4.6 198.8

Kachia 9.2 29.3 7.0 1.5 48.6 4.5 158.3

Jalingo 9.7 38.1 2.6 1.3 40.4 8.0 174.5

Yola 10.0 41.1 6.1 0.7 39.8 3.6 194.7

9.0 29.3 5.3 1.6 48.8 6.2 152.2

LSD (.05) 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.2 1.6 0.2 2.0

Table 1: Proximate composition of the Nigerian shea fruit pulp based on accessions

RESULTS CONTINUED Carbohydrate 29.3 - 46.3% Protein 2.6 7.0% Fat 0.7 1.7% Energy 158.3 -209.2cal/100g

Accession Na P K Ca Mg Fe Zn

Lokoja 45.0 94.0 147.0 1.4 50.2 20.8 1.9

Makurdi 18.0 36.9 588.0 4.9 56.7 13.7 2.3

Akwanga 18.1 78.4 590.0 1.5 49.5 12.2 1.8

Kachia 17.9 51.7 295.0 ND 75.2 ND ND

Jalingo 9.0 101.4 589.0 2.2 53.8 4.7 1.5

Yola 9.3 55.4 591.0 0.6 44.9 15.2 1.2

17.9 82.1 136.0 4.4 107.2 25.9 2.4

Mean 19.3 71.4 419.4 2.5 62.5 15.4 1.9

LSD(0.05) 1.2 1.5 1.8 0.2 0.9 0.4 0.2

Table 2. Elemental nutrient composition (mg/100g) of shea fruit pulp sourced from seven locations in Nigeria

ND Not determined (due to limitation of sample)

Na P K Ca Mg Fe Zn

Zn 0.321 -0.159 0.380 0.838** 0.650** 0.539* -

Fe 0.500* -0.051 0.716** 0.256 0.627** -

Mg -0.068 0.025 0.338 0.630** -

Ca -0.092 -0.322 0.110 -

K 0.679** 0.532* -

P 0.278 -

Na -

Table 3. Correlation coefficients between mineral content of shea fruit pulp from the savanna zone of Nigeria.

*, ** - Correlation coefficients are significant at the 5% and 1% levels of probability, respectively.

Result continued Nutritional Relationships Fe vs Zn - +ve, * Fe vs Mg - +ve, * Fe vs K - +ve, * Fe vs Na - +ve, *

CONCLUSION Nutritional values compare favourably with

those of main line agricultural species Shea fruit pulp nutrient content capable of

meeting dietary requirement its consumers

MAJOR REFERENCES 1. Ugese, F. D., Baiyeri, K. P. and Mbah, B. N. 2008.

Nutritional composition of shea (Vitellaria paradoxa) fruit pulp across its major distribution zones in Nigeria. Fruits 63: 163 169

2. Ugese, F. D., Baiyeri, K. P. and Mbah, B. N. 2008. Mineral

content of the pulp of shea butter fruit (Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn.) sourced from seven locations in the savanna ecology of Nigeria. Tree and Forestry Science and Biotechnology 2(1): 40 42.

THANK YOU

Slide Number 1Slide Number 2Slide Number 3Slide Number 4Slide Number 5Slide Number 6Slide Number 7Slide Number 8Slide Number 9Slide Number 10Slide Number 11CONCLUSIONSlide Number 13Slide Number 14