Öresund transport infrastructure governance

Baltic Sea Region High Level Work-Shop on Cross-Border Integration

Malmö 31 March 2014

Björn Hasselgren, KTH Royal Institute of Technology

Focus

Governance of present and planned transport infrastructure assets and projects

-Ownership-Financing-Management-(Function)

Institutional level and change (Williamson, 2000)

INFORMAL INSTITUTIONS – Language, Culture, Customs Spontaneous 100- 1000 y

Social theory

INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT – Property rights, legal systems Get the institutional setting right 10 - 100 y

Economics of property rights/political theory

GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE - Governance, contract Get the governance structures right 1-10 y

Transaction cost theory

RESOURCE ALLOCATION – Prices, incentives Get the marginal conditions right Continuous

Neo-classical theory

The three connections

Öresund Bridge

HH-connection

Metro-extension

Governance forms

Infrastructurecorporations, ArlandabananÖresundsbron

National roads and railroads

Harbours, local roads

Public transportation

and infrastructure

Private/business-sector, fees

Centralized

Regional/local

Public sector/taxes

Transport in the Öresund region

Coexistence Communication CooperationCo-ordination

Integration

informal formal

Type of relation

Formality of the relation

Character of the relation

Infra-structure

(Modified from Institute of Policy Studies 2008:14)

Collaboration

Copen-hagen

Malmö Port

Passengers

Car-drivers

Air transport

Capacity

There seems to be enough capacity to meet reasonable and forseeable demand for both passenger and freight transport at least until 2030/40

Long term planning is important due to long lead times

Why new capacity and links?

For transportation – possibly not

For regional development – perhaps

Different priorities

Sweden (and particularly Skåne and in specific Malmö) values the Öresund-concept highly and would like cooperation to be devloped

Denmark (and particularly Sealand and in specific Copenhagen) can see some advantages in a strengthening of the Copenhagen region

Resembles a one-sided love-affair…

The function of transportation

A business-project in order to

meet demand with profitability

A tool for regional development

These are difficult to combine!

Conclusions

Governance is important but…

How to overcome the differences between Denmark and Sweden? National vs Regional

How to reconcile the different priorities?

Decide whether transport infrastructure is business or politics – or try to find the balance

What to do?

Focus on the present situation!

Use the Öresund Bridge as far as possible – include some stronger regional influence/impact

Develop Helsingborg/Helsinore cooperation based on modern martime transportation/shuttles

HH – is a regional project – not a national

The metro-line should probably not be constructed before 2040 if there is still need for extra capacity

Ways ahead?

EU Now

Cross border private or mixed

organizationsNational private or

mixed organizations

Government/centrali-zed coordination

NationalSupra-national

Spontaneous coordination

Björn Hasselgren, PhDKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyUrban Planning and Environment+46707623316bjorn.hasselgren@abe.kth.se@HasselgrenB