old batavia intervention

Bachelor Architecture (Hons) - Design PhilosophyAbdul Hakim Abdullah + Mohd Sahrul Ahmad, Universiti Teknologi Mara Urban Design Report 2009 3 Bachelor Architecture (Hons) - Design PhilosophyAbdul Hakim Abdullah + Mohd Sahrul Ahmad, Universiti Teknologi Mara Urban Design Report 2009

DESIGN PHILOSOPHYBACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE 01

4 Bachelor Architecture (Hons) - Design PhilosophyAbdul Hakim Abdullah + Mohd Sahrul Ahmad, Universiti Teknologi Mara Urban Design Report 2009 Bachelor Architecture (Hons) - Design PhilosophyAbdul Hakim Abdullah + Mohd Sahrul Ahmad, Universiti Teknologi Mara Urban Design Report 2009

THE COMPLEXITY OF MULTI-LAYERED BOUNDARIESAbdul Hakim Abdullah & Mohd Sahrul Ahmad

The heritage legacy of colonial Dutch had strongly embraced the image of Jakarta through the establishment of Dutch Settlement ranging from Glodok to Sunda Kelapa that formed a vibrant city of Kota Toa with Old Batavia (Fatahillah) as its administrative centre some 200 years ago. It had brought significant value as it was the catalytic core in the transformation of Sunda Kelapa harbour into today’s Jakarta metropolitan city. But, during the last 30 years of the urban modernization of Jakarta, the morphology is threatened as the development had rapidly increased the complexity and fragmentation of the city which resulting in abandonment of its heritage value.

Even though the ideas of conserving the legacy sounded many years ago, it doesn’t materialised as critical urban studies can’t respond to the basis of cultural urbanism. The focal aim in revitalizing a city shall not rely only on the restoration of the building façade itself, but it must be somehow rejuvenated by creative intervention of specific programme to achieve intensity as well as allowing permeability to the city blocks and typologies.


OUR INTERPRETATION

Boundary had developed strong gap as it is the catalyst in the increasing of urban fragmentation and complexity. The gap had widen as city sunken in its territorial divisions and it need to re-connect all of its mental and physical distinction as spaces for negotiation, tension and intervention.

Through the observation and studies, the problem of conservation planning in Old Batavia and why it doesn’t worked well was because the revitalization is defined incorrectly as it only focusing in conserving and restoring the historical buildings but never intended to look up seriously on the everyday problems faced by those actually living in the Jakarta’s Old Town. The grid urban setting had divided the Old Batavia into boundaries with less connection one to another. This bring into the establishment of fragmented layout with formal sector, tourism and settlement being zoned separately.

We discover that the catalytic point in reviving the old city of Batavia and its surrounding milieu lies on the Kg Balokan, the semi permanent settlement hides at the back of rear façade of flat vertical building envelope of BNI building. The only settlement in the perimeter site of Old Batavia has a unique entity that growth and evolved in its own way.

As an inseparable part of metropolitan cities, Kampong Balokan has lot of opportunity and advantage to offer. The absence of preconceived planning, improper small alleys and its questionable legal status should not be seen as problems, but instead a model based on the idea of urban social ecology and community interaction. Kampong Balokan also hides a very potential pottery expertise and timber industry.

The idea is to adopt the issues and potential of

kampong balokan into the perimeter site of old batavia by implementing the theme ‘bridging the gap’ as the key strategies in producing the notion of cross programmatic that could make boundaries connected and breaking up the monotonous of existing building typology and reconnect both the informality of settlement with tourism and businesses as well as to bring new city experiences reality and emotionally.


BNI building urban void

physical form

existing scenario

plug-in field

infill approach

existing scenario

implement function

change scenario

existing scenario

sole function of building

changing in role which can enhance the potential hidden society

tension approach :government require to dedicate ground floor as business, cultural, tourism spaces of event

tension approach :existing green space need to be sacrified and allow for specific intervention

new program will be plug in into the abandoned buildings as an adaptive reuse method

to revilatise vacant street by implementing leisure carpet and vendorstreet

some of the building functionly abandoned and few buildings are very bad in condition

negotiation approach :as to counter lost space of ground floor, government will replace that at another place

negotiation approach :special approach will be take into account as to relocate lost green carpet

intervention approach :injection of new program at potential urban void as one of the architectural scheme

intervention approach :marginal group have a chance to generate trade activities

by creating a new event will lead towards a new movement

negotiation of ground floor

tourism attention

?

a b cd e f

STRATEGIES


fire station building (PEMADAM)

existing scenario joint venture organization

connecting program

celebration square

organize function/event

generate income

importe outside culture and intermingle with local culture (a + b = c)

overlapping the program to make diversity and variety in creating activities

open square as one of the promoter mechanism towards culture of arts

polluted water body create unwanted scene for public

existing scenario

canal bodyabandoned building

reformat program

bring more density

existing scenario


URBAN VOID

HOUSING

ART ACADEMY

VISITOR CENTER

ACCOMODATION

INDUSTRIAL HALL

FACTORY + ARCADE

food stall booth,kiosk

MUSEUM CUM BAZAAR

THE PARTICULAR

TRANSPORTATION

WORLD HERITAGE

PRO

MEN

AD

E

PRO

MEN

AD

E

PRO

MEN

AD

E

CELEBRATION SQUARE

ESPLANADE

EMPORIUM

FESTIV

E BATA

VIA

OU

TLET

LEISURE C

ARPET

LEISURE CARPETCREATIVE VILLAGE

VENDORSTREET

VENDORSTREET

The project scheme had undertaken few strategies before specific intervention being injected into every demarcated layer and boundaries, namely:1. Identification of potential space (urban void), 2. Bringing glocal residents into the city, 3. Rehabilitation of building adaptable to new economic uses, 4. Extending glocal tourist into the city, 5. Rehabilitation of basic infrastructures, 6. Improved multi-ethnic relations and revival of harmonious socio cultural life through attractive outdoor/indoor and meeting spaces, community facilities, and community advocacy,

7. Maintaining local community inside the site and prevent them from migration.

ovelapping the programs and events


HYPOTHETICAL PROGRAMME


PROPOSED SCHEME

All these strategies will be based on the basic approach of tension, negotiation and intervention. As the main intention in revitalizing the city is to extract the value and potential of kampong balokan as the base modules that could later on give benefit to the village and its society. Most of the programme injections will innovate the potentiality of timber industry and pottery expertise through identification of new parcel programmes at every each of existing boundary and layer.


existing scenario new development making connection public entertainment

FACTORY OUTLET

STUDIO

SCREENING

HOUSE OF MUSIC

house of music esplanade emporium

CAFE

OFFICE

Existing open square encouraged us to propose something by providing new intervention at vicinity area. Injection of new programmes and also new buildings helps in creating more diversity of activities rather than just an appearance of new building typologies. Existing building such as post office need some architectural refreshing, by stacking up new block on top of the existing building, the collaboration of old and new architectural element will be formed.


The first layer of intervention is the vacant green space located a side from BNI building. This urban void has been identified as a focal point to bridge the hidden kampong with the other part of old Batavia. Art academy is one of our building interventions within a perimeter given. As its main function known as education center, other relevant point that we want to highlight is enhancing the art of pottery craft. This reason responds to the potential skills that Kampong Balokan villagers have. By establishing new building with land dedicated for education purpose, government can do some of new programs such by inviting Balokan’s villagers as to contribute their knowledge to other people. Later, the art of pottery may evolve from by doing in traditional way then to a hybridisation of computer technology.

This art academy can become as center for people to learn more specifically about pottery and also other things.

existing situation potential urban void

COMMERCIAL

AUDITORIUM

ADMINISTRATIONLABORATORYLIBRARY

CLASSROOM

GALLERY / OBSERVATION DECK

existing scenario setup new square establish setback extrude urban block


connecting open square erecting new building respond to the village area

deform the block connect to public adding box plate rotate to suit additive and subtractive


Long city block is a common problem in any heritage site, the existing grid pattern of Old Batavia seem failed to achieve intensity and permeability thus resulting in closed business opportunity and crime. So, through the intervention of built form, we had introduced plug-in-field programme known as museum cum bazaar, where the layer which place the History Museum of Jakarta, hotel and Bank Mandiri will be intervened and transformed into a livable communal park which link both formal sector and tourism. This would bring glocal tourist into a new kind of shopping experience as well as to increase their knowledge and public awareness. While leisure carpet programme device to break the monotonous of city block into two parts to make the layer more permeable and to bring new business opportunities for informal sector especially the street vendors. They will be re-located here to run their business proper and safe. This communal urban space is aimed to be a hub of new innovative pottery and timber craft under the R&D from art academy. This indirectly helps the local society gain income to improve their daily life.

existing building layout new green setting breaking the city blocks establish programme flow new intervention


Through plug-in-field programme, we had identified the specific area for intervention along the East Kali Besar through preliminary building stocks study. The intervention include the abandoned and vacant spaces, inner green areas, alleys and also the additional space on top of the existing structure. The programme ranging from formal to informal, stack-up and interlinked one to another in order to bring new architectural experience as well as to project image to the existing building surrounding.

existing Situation

partial demolition

partial in fill

green space and path


Rehabilitation of public amenities and water bodies is undoubtedly important as the old Batavia and other sub-district of Kota Toa (Old Town) were formerly generated by canals for transportation and water supply. Thus, river corridor programme takes place to rehabilitate both polluted water bodies in re-projecting the image of Dutch city as well as for recreational purpose for tourist and local communities. Despite have a walk on land, people will experience walking through floating boardwalk for sight seeing towards historical building and the Kampong Balokan.


Under the community development programme, the kampong balokan will be the subject for intervention, since our early intention is to let the kampong runs and evolves organically, the spatial solution chosen in improving the kampong will consider two circumstances, the current and future prospects. Minimalist intervention approach will transform the kampong’s circulation layout, waterfront side, building façade and other relevant amenities. The only existing entrance to the village will be widen and linked across the kampong straight to the river. Some houses will be re-located under negotiation approach but still in the perimeter area of the kampong. In order to promote and inject some business opportunity into the informal sector of the kampong, culture walk will be the open path for tourist to walk-in and feel the synergy of the ‘illegal’ kampong’s communities. The rehabilitation of canal will change the overall view of Balokan as many more tourism programme will be injected along the water body. As the intervention of programme on the peripherical area of kampong Balokan show some improvement. The result will definitely affect the condition of people living in the kampong, more income gained will increase demand, thus lead to the second transformation of their daily life, more houses will be built to replace the old, proper built

form with new circulation setting will let the community to stay which resulting in less migration. The area of the kampong will expand until it’s no longer able to cater high population density and cause problems to the community. So, under the future prospect programme, we come up with a vertical housing scheme, an affordable modular house that can be installed and arranged based on need and demands. This stack up module is designed in respect to the existing built form to reflect the originality of Kampong

Kampong Balokan. It can be done by establishing the core on the targeted vacant lands. The module will be assembled on ground and stack up vertically which later on more houses will be installed and link the core one to another. Perhaps this could be the best spatial solution to the up coming scenarios of the continuous growth of Kampong Balokan.

tension approach :

surrender the required spaces

to allow new projection of

programme

negotiation approach :

relocation of existing space to

another place

intervention approach :

establishment of new

programme through injection

of proposed modules into the

specific/targeted location.


single unit dwelling

1-2 persons

unit size : 7m x 4m x 3m

28 sqm / 301 sqf

double unit dwelling

2-4 persons

unit size : 7m x 8m x3m

56 sqm / 603 sqf

triple unit dwelling

4-6 persons

unit size : 7m x 12m x 3m

84 sqm / 904 sqf

possible development growth possible intervention of housing module establishment of road/alleys

roads & alleys dwellings amenities/waterfront retails


existing scenario tie-up structural framework

establishment of new connection existing and new programs evolved

intervention at peripherical area centralise open square

identification of new housing core modification at certain spot


BIBLIOGRAPHY

“New Scapes - teritories of complexity”, Paola Gregory, (Birkhauser - Publishers for Architecture, 2003)

“Negotiation and connectivity: a bound-ary approach to multi-layered landscapes” Isabelle Doucet ()

“Making a City: Urbanity, Vitality and Urban Design”, Journal of Urban Design, Montgomery, J.,

Boelens, L. Inaugural Lecture 13 January 2005, (www.urbanlimited.nl/uu/urbanltd.nsf/12) [accessed 15 January 2009]

“Kampong provides identity for Jakarta”, Anissa S. Febrina, (The Jakarta Post, Jakarta, Thu, 11/02/2006)

“Old Town revitalization overlooks the residents”, Anissa S. Febrina, (The Jakarta Post , Jakarta, Wed, 06/06/2007)

“Small kampong serves as backbone to Old Town area”, Anissa S. Febrina, (The Jakarta Post , Jakarta, Wed, 06/07/2006)

old batavia intervention

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