”Oljenæringens samfunnsansvar – et innlegg om holdninger, verdier og

bedriftsfilosofi”

Desemberkonferansen 2008

Gro Skaaren-Fystro, TI Norgegskaaren@online.no

Corruption Perception Index 2008

1Denmark 9,3 61New Zealand 9,3 61Sweden 9,3 64Singapore 9,2 95Finland 9,0 65Switzerland 9,0 67Iceland 8,9 57Netherlands 8,9 69Australia 8,7 89Canada 8,7 6

11Luxembourg 8,3 612Austria 8,1 612Hong Kong 8,1 814Germany 7,9 614Norway 7,9 6

Hva skyldes fallet på årets indeks?

Økt bevissthet om korrupsjon i Norge

Det blir ikke gjort nok verken i offentlig eller privat sektor for å bøte på problemet

Examples of corruption in Norway Vannverksaken Oslo Kommune-saken Drammen Kommune-saken Gardermoen-saken Mannesmann/Statoil-saken UNICEF-saken Røde Kors-saken Statoil/Horton-saken Veritas-saken Ullevål-saken Finance Credit OVDS-saken SINTEF-saken Vinmonopolet Legeerklæringer Matvarekjedene Forsvaret Midtåsen-saken Båtsertifikat-saken

Listen er mye lenger…..

Sectors most prone to bribery

Public works/construction Arms and defence Oil and gas Real estate/property Telecoms Power generation/transmission Mining

Source: TI Bribe Payers Index

PROMOTINGREVENUETRANSPARENCY

What is the Project about?

Transparency can change resource curse in to a blessing

Project Objectives:

1. To measure revenue transparency performance and diagnose areas for improvement.

2. To develop broad standards for revenue transparency. 3. To support the use of the revenue transparency standards and

measures of performance by companies, rating agencies, investors, government regulators and civil society.

Companies Report

Method Desk study Based on publicly available information Increased coverage: 42 companies in 21 countries of

operation Indicators (framework): made adjustments to first one but kept

comparability Addressed feedback from first iteration: context, refine

questions, id N.A. Developed special SOE section Increased Anti-Corruption

Participatory: early company engagement in Method refinement Data validation

Project Governance

Reference ( Advisory ) Group Partners (TI,PWYP,RW) Industry Associations/Companies Governments Investors Rating Agencies EITI Secretariat Experts (industry, measurement, etc.)

Working Group ( max 15 participants) TI Project Partners Measurement Experts Industry Associations of Company Reps / Governments Rep Country implementers EITI Secretariat

Expert Task Forces for concrete tasks Project Management

ADVICE

MULTISTAKEHOLDER

GUIDANCE

MULTISTAKEHOLDER

The questionnaire

Amerada Hess, Exxon Mobile, Chevron, Devon, Conoco Philips, Marathon

Nexen, Talisman Petro Canada,

Sonatrach

Sonangol

BHP Billiton, Woodside

Petrobras

Pedevesa

CNPC, CNOOC, Petrochina, Sinopec

SNPC

Pemex

GEPetrol

Total

ONGC

Pertamina

NIOC

Eni

Inpex

Kazmunaingaz

KPC

Petronas

NNPC

Statoil

Gazprom, Rosneft, Lukoil

Aramco

Repsol

Shell

BP, BG

Qatar

COUNTRIES of OPERATION Algeria India Nigeria Angola Indonesia Norway

Azerbaijan Iran Qatar Brazil Kazakhstan Russia China Kuwait Saudi Arabia Congo Brazzaville Malaysia US -(and Gulf of Mexico) Equatorial Guinea México Venezuela

COMPANIES REPORT 2007: COMPANY COVERAGE (per Home Country)

If comparissons were valid...

46%23%

52%25%

43%56%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Average Score

POLICY

MANAGEMENT

PERFORMANCE

IOC and NOC results for policy, management systems and performance

NOC

IOC

19%27%

42%52%

58%16%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

PAYMENTS

OPERATIONS

ANTI-CORRUPTIONEFFORTS

NOC

IOC

Average company score

POLICY, 46%

POLICY, 23%

MANAGEMENT, 52%PERFORMANCE

(unweighted), 31%

PERFORMANCE (unweighted), 39%

MANAGEMENT, 25%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% 140%

IOC

NOC

POLICY MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE (unweighted)

Group

IOCs and NOCs that Operate outside their home country

(in alphabetical order (1))NOCs in their home territories

(in alphabetical order (1))

CharacteristicsH

IGH

BG Group, BHP Billiton, Nexen*, Petro-Canada*, Shell,

StatoilHydro*, Talisman Energy*, Petrobras*

China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), Oil and Natural Gas Corporation

Ltd. (ONGC), Petróleos Méxicanos (Pemex)*, Petrobras*, PetroChina, Sinopec,

StatoilHydro*

High IOC performers: • Some disclose payments systematically on a country-by-country basis, others disclose in a few selected countries. • Go beyond existing mandatory regulations applicable to them• Have different strengths in different areas of transparency: operations, anti-corruption efforts and operations. • Further improvement for this group means reaching full country by country disclosure, namely in all countries of operation; and for some, increased disclosure of anti-corruption efforts. High NOC performers:• Disclosure revenue at home or are listed• Provide information about their regulatory structure and procurement practices• Further improvement for this group means increased disclosre of anti-corruption efforts and of policies in all areas of transparency.

MID

DLE

BP, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, Devon Energy, Eni, Hess,

Marathon Oil, Repsol YPF, Woodside

Gazprom, KazMunaiGaz (KMG), National Iranian Oil Company, Nigerian National

Petroleum Company (NNPC), Petronas*, Qatar Petroleum*, Rosneft, Sonatrach

Middle IOC performers: • Disclose revenues mainly by geographical area and only in a few selected countries of operation • Further improvement for this group means upgrading country by country disclosure aiming at covering all countries of operation and increased disclosure of anti-corruption efforts

Middle NOC performers:• Disclose relatively little about revenue payments and anti-corruption efforts• Further improvement for this group means increased reporting on policy and management systems, and improved reporting on all areas of revenue transparency, particularly for non-listed companies

LOW

China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), China

National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), ExxonMobil, INPEX,

Kuwait Petroleum Corporation, Lukoil, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. (ONGC),

Petronas*, Total*

China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), GEPetrol, Kuwait Petroleum

Corporation, Pertamina*, Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA), Saudi Aramco, Société Nationale des Pétroles du Congo (SNPC),

Sonangol

Low IOC performers: • Disclose only by geographical segment and provide almost no additional information relevant to revenue transparency • Further improvement for this group requires increased reporting on all areas of revenue transparency Low NOC performers:• Disclosure is relatively absent in the areas of revenue payments and anti-corruption efforts, whether in terms of reporting on policy, management systems or performance • Further improvement for this group requires increased reporting on all areas of revenue transparency at all levels of implementation.

* Indicates a company that used the opportunity to review its data

(1)Companies are listed alphabetically in each group. Sequencing in each group is therefore unrelated to relative performance within that section.Source: Transparency International 2008 Report on Revenue Transparency of Oil and Gas Companies . Results are weighted by context. Each grouping is determined according to tercils.

0%

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70%

80%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Policy

Per

form

ance

Poor performance disclosure

Better performance than policy

Better policy than performance

Good policy and performance

IOCs and NOCs outside their home jurisdictions

Some policy, some performance

Looking at our more detailed results and with respect to IOCs and NOCs outside their home jurisdictions, discrepancies are significant between public policy and actual performance disclosure…

0%

10%

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90%

100%

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130%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Policy

Per

form

ance

NOCs home operations

Good policy and performance

Poor policy and performance

Medium to good performance, irrespective of policy

…whereas policy appears to matter less with NOCs operating at home.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Policy

Per

form

ance

IOCs and NOCs outside their home jurisdictions

Based on our report, our long-term objective should be to move companies from official policy up to actual performance…

0%

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30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

IOCs and NOCs outside their home jurisdictions

Payments

Ope

ratio

ns…and to make disclosure of payments a standard element in disclosure of operations…

Recommendations

Oil and gas companies should proactively report in all areas relevant to revenue transparency on a county-by-country basis.

Home governments and appropriate regulatory agencies should require revenue transparency reporting for the operations of their companies at home and abroad.

Governments from oil and gas producing countries should urgently introduce regulations that require all companies operating in their territories to make public all information relevant to revenue transparency.

Regulatory agencies and companies should improve the accessibility, comprehensiveness and comparability of reporting on all areas of revenue transparency by adopting a uniform global reporting standard.

Challenges

First integrated and systematic approach to companies: no body said it was easy.

Creating and sustaining engagement with stakeholders is challenging: tradeoffs, courage, the meaning of collaborative approach.

Delicate exercise of power balancing: keeping perspective, the meaning of multi-stakeholder approach; dynamics within the actors.

Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) Lansert av Tony Blair i 2002 EITI fastsetter internasjonale og aktørspesifikke

åpenhetsstandarder innenfor utvinnings-industrien Internasjonalt multi-stakeholder initiativ som involverer

Betalere av inntekter (selskaper) Mottakere av inntekter (myndigheter) Brukere av informasjon (sivilsamfunnet) Giverland IMF, Verdensbanken, EBRD Investorer

EITI-kriteriene

1. Regulær publisering av alle materielle betalinger fra olje-, gass- og gruveselskaper til myndighetene og alle inntekter myndighetene mottar fra olje-, gass- og gruveselskaper.

2. Alle betalinger og inntekter (som nevnt over)skal være gjenstand for en kredibel og uavhengig revisjon hvor internasjonale regnskapsstandarder blir benyttet.

3. Betalinger og inntekter skal sammenstilles av en uavhengig administrator som benytter internasjonal regnskapsstandard. Administratorens konklusjoner skal publiseres.

EITI-kriteriene

4. Kriteriene gjelder alle selskaper også statseide selskaper.

5. Det sivile samfunn skal være aktive som deltager i utformingen, overvåkningen og evalueringen av prosessen og skal også bidra i den offentlige debatten.

6. En offentlig og finansiell bærekraftig arbeidsplan for alle punkter nevnt over skal fremlegges av myndighetene. Arbeidsplanen skal inkludere målbare størrelser, en tidsplan for implementering og en vurdering av mulige kapasitetsbeskrankninger.

.

Business Principles for Countering Bribery

Selskapet skal forby bestikkelser i alle former enten direkte eller indirekte.

Selskapet skal iverksette et anti-korrupsjonsprogram

.

Elementer i et anti-korrupsjonsprogram Gjøre ansatte kjent med relevante lovbestemmelser

som gjelder for korrupsjon både hjemme og i aktuelle land

Innfør etiske retningslinjer og følg opp med kurs og opplæring,

Etabler internkontroller og rutiner for å avdekke uregelmessigheter

Innfør et kontaktpunkt for varsling – gjerne eksternt Undersøk korrupsjonsrisiki i aktuelle markeder