Sameer Verma, Ph.D.Associate ProfessorInformation Systems DepartmentSan Francisco State UniversitySan Francisco, CA 94132 USA

Creative commons licensehttp://creativecommons.org/

One Laptop per Child Project:
Plan, Direction, Update, Participation

Presentation:Bay Area Linux Users Group (http://www.balug.org/)

hello!

Unless noted otherwise

Multiple hats...

Disclaimer: I do not work for OLPC. I am only a volunteer!

Somebody is finally thinking of the children!

To create educational opportunities for the world's poorest children by providing each child with a rugged, low-cost, low-power, connected laptop with content and software designed for collaborative, joyful, self-empowered learning. OLPC Mission Statement,It's an education project, not a laptop project. Nicholas Negroponte

in the beginning...

ooh! laptop!

(July 2007)

Give 1 Get 1 Nov 2007

Next thing I know...

De facto organizer for olpc-sf

http://tinyurl.com/olpcsf

Where no one has gone [computing] before...

School Galadima, Abuja City, Nigeria See http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Galadima

Samkha village located in the suburbs of northern ThailandSee http://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_Thailand/Ban_Samkha

Khairat school is India's pilot site.See http://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_India

Ulaanbaatar, Mongoliahttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/Ulaanbaatar

Ethopiahttp://www.reactivated.net/weblog/archives/2008/10/olpc-ethiopia-updates/

Ghanahttp://www.flickr.com/photos/olpc/2921143251/

Cameroonhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/olpc/3110907018/in/set-72157611290673682/

Afghanistan refugee camp, Pakistan http://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_Pakistan/Atlas_School

Colombiahttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_Colombia

Peruhttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_Peru

Rwandahttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_Rwanda

Iraqhttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_Iraq

Haitihttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/Haiti

Solomon Islandshttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_Solomon_Islands

Nepalhttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_Nepal

Uruguay: Every primary school child has an XO.http://olpc-ceibal.blogspot.com/

postage stamps too!

1.6 million XO laptops and counting See Google Maps

Deployments worldwide

Also see: http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Property:Number_of_manufactured_laptops

Hook: Free/Open Source Software...

Line: Cute/rugged laptop...

Sinker: Smart kids everywhere!

My involvement?

OLPC San Francisco Bay Area

http://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_SanFranciscoBayArea

http://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/olpc-sf

http://tinyurl.com/olpcsf

OLPC-SF Deployments

A hub for exchange of ideas, plans, content, etc.

DeploymentsAfghanistan (Carol Ruth Silver, MTSA)

India (Humaira Mahi & Sameer Verma, SFSU)

Jamaica (Sameer Verma & Univ. of the West Indies)

Madagascar (June Kleider, XO-ology)

Senegal (Drew & Lick-Wilmerding Schools)

South Africa (EduWeavers)

San Francisco (Starr King Elementary)

Uganda (UC Berkeley)

OLPC-SF resident expert

A glimpse...

Deployments

India

http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Khairat_school

Resident artist!

Khairat school is India's first pilot site.See http://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_India

Khairat school is India's pilot site.See http://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_India

Khairat Photos

http://www.zooomr.com/photos/sameerverma/sets/40064/

Bhagmalpur project

Location:Village: Bhagmalpur

District: Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh

Railway Station: Shahganj

Bus Stop: Banuwadeeh

School: Classes: 1 to 8 class

Children: 1087

Teachers: 11

Internet: none

Computers: none

http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Bhagmalpur

What's a laptop?

Under a tree...

Bhagmalpur photos

Bhagmalpur Schoolhttp://www.zooomr.com/photos/sameerverma/sets/40063/

Bhagmalpur Villagehttp://www.zooomr.com/photos/sameerverma/sets/40075/

Jamaica

Maroantsetra, Madagascar

Kandahar, Afghanistan

Keur Sadaro, Senegal

http://www.extrasleepy.com/keursadaro.html

OLPC Headquarters
1 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts

Little green machines...

CostElectricityNetworksContentLanguagesPedagogyAgeSecurityTheftAppropriateness...

The challenges

Cost

US $140 at the factoryMy Lenovo Thinkpad cost me > US $2500

Electricity

Non-traditional sources...

Yo Yo Charger

http://www.potenco.com/products

Hand Crank Charger

http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Peripherals/Hand_Crank

Pedal power

OLPC Afghanistan http://www.olpc.af/images/HPM/dscf1324.jpg

Solar Panel

http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Product_News#Solar_Panels

5 Watt/14Volt panel

Moo power...

http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Cow_Power

Networks

Offline MoodleRise of the SneakernetsWWWOFFLE

Content

Open content standards (SCORM, IMS-CP)

Creative CommonsOffline Wikipedia1.6 million books from the Internet Archive

Language Diversity

India: 28 states and 7 union territoriesThe Constitution of India recognizes 22 languages

1. Assamese2. Bengali3. Bodo4. Dogri5. Gujarati6. Hindi7. Kannada8. Kashmiri

9. Konkani10. Maithili11. Malayalam12. Manipuri13. Marathi14. Nepali15. Oriya16. Punjabi

17. Sanskrit 18. Santhali 19. Sindhi 20. Tamil 21. Telugu 22. Urdu

Languages

Afrikaans, Amharic, Arabic, Armenian, Aymara, Bahasa Indonesia, Bahasa Melayu, Basque, Bengali, Bengali (India), Bislama, Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese (China), Chinese (Hong Kong), Chinese (Taiwan), Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dari, Dutch, Dzongkha, English, English (South African), English (US), Estonian, Filipino, Finnish, French, French (Canada), Friulian, Fula, Galician, Georgian, German, Greek, Gujarati, Hausa, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Igbo, Italian, Japanese, Kannada, Khmer, Kinyarwanda, Korean, Kreyol, Macedonian, Malayalam, Maltese, Marathi, Marovo, Mongolian, Nauruan, Nepali, Norwegian, Norwegian Bokml, Papiamento, Papua New Guinea Pidgin (Tok Pisin), Pashto, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Portuguese (Brazil), Punjabi, Quechua, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Sindhi, Sinhala, Slovak, Slovenian, Solomon Islands Pidgin, Sotho, Spanish, Swahili, Swedish, Tamil, Telugu, Templates, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, Uyghur, Vietnamese, Walloon, Wolof, Yoruba...

Approx. 96+ languages

Tutorial:http://opensource.sfsu.edu/node/452

Translate:http://translate.sugarlabs.org/

Pedagogy

http://www.sugarlabs.org/

FOSS: Free and Open Source

When the project started FOSS was the only option that was flexible enough for this project

No vendor lock-in on formats

No royalties on redistribution

No discrimination based on fields of endeavor

Scalable global model for software and content

Activities, Not Applications

There are no software applications. The laptop focuses children around "activities."

Activities are distinct from applications in their focus collaboration and expressionAbiword becomes Write

Firefox becomes Browse

GTK+ based

They don't use Abiword or Firefox. They Write a letter or Browse the web.

Presence

Everyone has the potential for being both a learner and a teacher.

Employs a network (mesh or AP-based) that interconnects all laptops within range.Telepathy frameworkTelepathy-gabble for using a Jabber/XMPP server across the Internethttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/Telepathy_Gabble

Telepathy-salut for p2p/mesh collaborationhttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/Telepathy-salut

Tools of Expression

The laptop is a "thing to think with"

Principle of "learning through doing"

Constructivist learninghttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/Constructivism

Seymour Papert (constructionism)

Lego Mindstroms

school...to go

Educational device or trojan horse?

Surprise! Its a REAL computer. It can do REAL computer things!

Laptop can also be a:

Phone (Asterisk)

Healthcare monitor (O2, pulse sensors)

Micro-finance platformRecord yield, income, loans, payments, etc.

Anthropological documentation platformFamily tree

Photos, birth/death records.

OLPC XO-1

Speaker

Rotate screen

Keyboard

Mouse pad

Microphone

Antenna

Camera

Gamepad

Power

Battery

USB

XO 1: /proc/cpuinfo

XO 1 /proc/meminfo

OLPC XO-1.5

Speaker

Rotate screen

Keyboard

Mouse pad

Microphone

Antenna

Camera

Gamepad

Power

Battery

USB

Note: XO-1 and XO-1.5 are physically identical

XO 1.5

CPU: Via C7-M Ultra Low Voltage x86 compatible processor with 128KB L2 cache;

CPU clock speed: 400 MHz (1.5 W) to 1GHz (5 W), variable.

An Intel-compatible instruction set (including MMX, SSE, SSE2 & SSE3)

Companion chips: Via VX855 provides memory interface, a 3D graphics engine, an HD video decoder, USB, SDIO, and other system interface and management functions

XO 1.5

DRAM memory: 1 GiB dynamic RAM; data rate: DDR2 SDRAM;

BIOS: 1 MiB SPI-interface flash ROM;Open Firmware used to load the operating system;

Mass storage: 4 GiB NAND flash in an internal microSD card

One externally accessible SD card slot as in the original XO.

XS: OLPC School Server

The Internet in a Box

unsung hero too!

School environment

Manage contentManage accessManage assessment

What does the XS look like?

Fantasy View

What does the XS look like?

Reality View

http://www.flickr.com/photos/popcorncx/149706221/

What does the XS look like?

Any x86 box with requisite memory, crunch and storage can be the XS.It could also be a ARM machine in the near future...

Ideally, we want a machine thatConsumes very little power

Has the oomph needed

PortablePocketable, even?

Very forgiving for power brownouts, heat, dust, etc.Kinda like the XO.

Services that the XS runs

NetworkingDNS

DHCP

NAT/Masquerading

Bridging

Identity managementSeamless XO login

Single One Time Password (SOTP) on server

ActivationTheft deterrence

Services that the XS runs

CollaborationXMPP via ejabberd

StorageFiles and attachments for courses

Backup files

Other media

BackupJournal/Datastore backup

XO Software updatesPush updates including firmware and OS images

Activity serverPushing activity bundles

Networking

Provides networking infrastructure for the school.

Acts as an Internet gateway (if backhaul exists)Includes an HTTP proxy (optional)

Content filter (optional)

Supports Wi-Fi:Ad-Hoc

Mesh (IEEE 802.11s draft)

Infrastructure (Access Point)

Identity management

Single One Time Passwords (SOTP) for maintenance.Remote ISP maintenance, etc.

OLPC XO Browse authenticates seamlessly with Moodle

Moodle talks to ejabberd for permissions, etc.

First XO to access Moodle This XO becomes admin.

This XO can assign other teachers, course creators, and other such roles

Collaboration

XMPP-based collaboration via ejabberd.Ejabberd is a XMPP (jabber) server written in erlang.

Uses gabble mode under telepathy in Sugar.Gabble allows for server-based collaboration

XOs switch to salut mode in case no XS is found.Salut allows for peer-to-peer collaboration

Activities such as Chat, Write, Memorize use XMPP to collaborate.

http://xmpp.org/

http://collabora.co.uk

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telepathy_software

Storage

Much of the storage lives in /library partition.Mount /library on external USB disk or other media and expand storage.

Run rest of the system off a CF or SD card (solid state)

Files can be served as links via Moodle

links via Apache (add Apache config)

Backup

We have 3 processes: Traffic control, Backup-complete, Daily cleanupTraffic controlprovides basic "traffic control" to manage load.

Backup-complete scriptCreates links for latest snapshot.

Daily cleanupenforces a per-user "soft" quota.

Updates

Pushing updates to OS image and firmware via rsync.

Layout (Access Points)

Hardware recommendations

Schools with less than 40 laptops:use XS-on-XO: http://wiki.laptop.org/go/XS-on-XO

Requires a SD card (4GB and class 6)

External USB hard drive (needs own power)

USB-Ethernet for backhaul.

Fit PC and Fit PC2

Fit PC works well and is comparable to the XO-1 in performance.More configurable than the XO-1.

Replace a SSD in the FitPC to make it cooler and more power efficient.http://www.fit-pc.com/fit-pc1/

Fit PC2 has heat problems.Intel Atom runs too hotSurprise surprise.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/ndevil/3535934684/

Hardware recommendations

Schools with up to 100 laptops:1GHz CPU, 1GB RAM,

at least 2GB disk storage per laptop.

Something in the mini ITX form-factor works well.

Fanless units are better

Hardware recommendations

For up to 500 laptops: dual-core 2GHz CPU

2 to 4GB RAM

at least 2GB disk storage per laptop.

This type of a machine usually works in environments with good power resources.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/popcorncx/149706221/

Hardware recommendations

More than 500 laptopsServer-class dual CPU

4 to 16GB RAM

at least 2GB disk storage per laptop.

Data center hosting is also an option.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamisonjudd/2433102356/

School Server

Don't have an XO but still want the goods?

Sugartime!

Get SugarSugar on a Stick

Sugar on Debian, Fedora, Gentoo

Fedora/Sugar in VMVirtualBox

Qemu

VMWare

Live CDs

Deliver Sugar via LTSP

http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Downloads

How can you help?

Educatorshttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/Educators

Translators http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Localization

http://opensource.sfsu.edu/node/452

Developershttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/Developer

Getting involvedhttp://wiki.laptop.org/go/Getting_involved_in_OLPC

Sugarhttp://sugarlabs.org

Contributor Program

OLPC Contributor Program is designed to get you a XO laptop in exchange for contribution. The info you will need for applying: Project

Propose

Other contributors

Audience or impact

Brief description

Relevant experience

Contact information

# of XOs needed, and their use

Apply at: http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Contributors

Mailing lists

Educatorshttp://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/educators

Software DevelopersGeneral developmenthttp://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/devel

Sugar UIhttp://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/sugar

All mailing lists are at http://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/

Community lists

Everyonehttp://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/grassroots

http://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/olpc-open

OLPC San Franciscohttp://lists.laptop.org/listinfo/olpc-sf

Made with the free stuff

Its your intellectual property. Keep it open. Vote with your fingers. Use open formats!

http://www.openoffice.org/