Subcommittee on Embedded/In-Field Diagnostics

a Subcommittee of the Advanced Technology Committeeof the Western HVAC Performance Alliance Subcommittee Meeting9:30am 12:30pm (PST) April 18, 2011

Call-in: 712/432-0075 742911#weblink at: http://uc-d.na4.acrobat.com/wcec/

Onboard/In-Field Fault Detection and DiagnosticsCommittee MembersAbdullah Ahmed, Sempra Anthony Hernandez, SCE Brent Eubanks, Taylor Eng. Chris Scruton, CEC Dale Rossi, FDSIDale Gustavson, BBI Derek Johnson, Pacific ControlsDick Lord, Carrier Jerine Ahmed, SCE Jonathan Douglas, Lennox

KC Spivey, PG&EKristin Heinemeier, WCEC Mark Cherniack, NBI Matt Tyler, PECIMike Brambley, PNNL Nathan Taylor, Sempra Sean Gouw, SCESherry Hu, PG&E Vance Payne, NIST Glenn Hourahan, ACCA Warren Lupson, AHRI

23GapsApproaches to OvercomeTool Availability3rd Party Tools licensable or acquirable; OEMs have some capabilitiesPerception of CostAnalysis shows it is cost effectiveFaults May Not be AddressedResearch: Understanding Maintenance BehaviorStandards Need to be NationalReach out to ASHRAE 90.1, 189, 32; DOE/CBEANo Method of TestSCE Method of Test, ASHRAE Std. Method of Test, DOE Method of Test?Data on IncidenceNeed a research studyNo Defined Levels for DetectionDevelop levels: ASHRAE Std. >>Agenda49:30Roll call, review of agenda 9:35Update on Proposal for Title 2410:15Method of Test Development: Acceptance Tests10:45Update on National Efforts ASHRAE, DOE/CBEA11:15Demo of FDSI FDD Tool12:15Next Steps12:30AdjournmentProposal for Incorporating FDD in T24IOUs (via CASE HMG/PECI) and PIER (via NBI/WCEC) are working together to develop a proposed new requirement.Informal Workshops held in April and December 2010Roundtable on FDD held in July 2010Discussion at AFDD Subcommittee in December 2010Discussion at AFDD Subcommittee in January 2011PIER Report Draft in February 2011Discussion at AFDD Subcommittee in March 2011PIER Critical Project Review March 2011 Workshop April 8, 2011Workshop April 27, 2011Formal 45 day language workshops in Apr-Jul 2011Adoption March 1, 2012Effective January 1, 2014

54/8/2011CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes6HVAC Controls & EconomizingCode Change Proposal 5: FDDCurrently a compliance credit in the performance calculation methodNot required by Title 24Credit toward complying with energy budgetTransition to a prescriptive requirementNot required by Title 24Sets the basis of performance standard4/8/2011CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes7HVAC Controls & EconomizingCode Change Proposal 5SECTION 144 PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR SPACE CONDITIONING SYSTEMS144 (m) Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) for Packaged Direct-Expansion Units. All packaged direct-expansion units with mechanical cooling capacity at ARI conditions greater than or equal to 72,000 Btu/hr shall include a Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) system in accordance with NA9 Fault Detection and Diagnostics.4/8/2011CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes8HVAC Controls & EconomizingCode Change Proposal 5Nonresidential Appendix NA9 2013Appendix NA9 Fault Detection and DiagnosticsNA9.1 System RequirementsThe following sensors should be permanently installed to monitor system operation and the controller should have the capability of displaying the value of each parameter: Refrigerant Pressure: Suction Line, Liquid Line Refrigerant Temperature: Suction Line, Liquid Line Air Relative Humidity: Outside Air, Supply Air Air Temperature: Outside Air, Supply Air, Return Air4/8/2011CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes9HVAC Controls & EconomizingCode Change Proposal 5NA9.1 System RequirementsThe controller shall provide system status by indicating the following conditions:Compressor EnabledFree Cooling AvailableEconomizer EnabledHeating EnabledMixed Air Low Limit Cycle ActiveThe unit controller shall manually initiate each operating mode so that the operation of compressors, economizers, fans, and heating system can be independently tested and verified. Faults shall be reported to a fault management application accessible by day-to-day operating or service personnel, or annunciated locally on zone thermostats.A performance indicator shall be provided, which will allow tracking of efficiency.The FDD System used shall be certified by the CEC and verified to be installed correctly.4/8/2011CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes10HVAC Controls & EconomizingCode Change Proposal 5NA9.2 Faults to be DetectedThe FDD system shall detect the following faults:Air Temperature Sensor Failure/FaultLow Refrigerant ChargeEconomizing When it Should/ShouldntDamper Not ModulatingExcess Outdoor Air4/8/2011CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes11HVAC Controls & EconomizingSummary of FDD ProductsCurrently available fault detection by OEMs (matches NA9.2 Faults to be Detected)Air temperature sensor failure/faultLow refrigerant chargeNot economizing when it shouldDamper not modulatingExcess outdoor airCurrently available products by third partiesClimaCheck by ClimaCheck, Inc.FDSI Synergy by Field Diagnostics, Inc.Sensus MI, developed by Univ. Nebraska4/8/2011CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes12HVAC Controls & EconomizingSummary of FDD ProductsThird party products currently in developmentSMDS by PNNLLow cost SMDS by PNNLLow cost NILM by MITVirtjoule by Virtjoule, Inc.4/8/2011CA Utilities 2013 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting for Proposed Code Changes13HVAC Controls & Economizing Cost Effectiveness

LCCA for 6-ton RTUInstalled cost for OEM solution is much less than $1600 - this is cost of third party solution w/much longer fault listMaintenance $ at 50% of expected for conservative estimate75% probability of detecting faults with FDDAcceptance RequirementsFDD system installed by HVAC system manufacturer with factory calibration and documented testingAttach documentation and complete certification statementVerify that points are mapped correctly within the systemNo other functional testing required

FDD system field testedFunctional testing per below

1415SCE FDD Project SeriesDevelop FDD Test MethodPerformance Impacts of Common Faults (Single/Multiple)Choose and assess two highly ranked FDD ToolsComm. 5 Ton RTURes. 3 Ton SplitComm. 5 Ton RTURes. 3 Ton SplitProject 1: Development of an FDD Test Method for Commercial HVAC Packaged UnitsProject 2: Development of an FDD Test Method for Residential HVAC Split SystemsProject 3: Laboratory Assessment of Retrofit Fault Detection and Diagnostics Tools on a Commercial HVAC Packaged Rooftop UnitProject 4: Laboratory Assessment of Retrofit Fault Detection and Diagnostics Tools on a Residential HVAC Split SystemProject 5: Evaluating the Effects of Common Faults on a Commercial HVAC Packaged Rooftop UnitProject 6: Evaluating the Effects of Common Faults on a Residential HVAC Split System

16SCE FDD Project SeriesDevelop FDD Test MethodPerformance Impacts of Common Faults (Single/Multiple)Choose and assess highly ranked FDD ToolsComm. 5 Ton RTURes. 3 Ton SplitComm. 5 Ton RTURes. 3 Ton SplitNear-term NeedsEstablish technical advisory groupDraft/review working test methodAcceptance Tests/ Certification TestsAir Temperature Sensor Failure/ FaultLow Refrigerant ChargeEconomizing When it Should/ ShouldntDamper Not ModulatingExcess Outdoor Air

17Update on ASHRAE and DOE/CBEAPresentation to ASHRAE SSPC 90.1 Mechanical SubcommitteePresentation to TC 7.5 FDD SubcommitteePresentation to TC 7.5

Others to Contact: SPC 189, GPC 32

CBEA/DOE RTU Spechttp://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/alliances/rooftop_specification.html18Title:METHOD OF TEST FOR FAULT DETECTION AND DIAGNOSTICS IN UNITARY AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEMSPurpose:This standard provides a method of test for the performance of Fault Detection and Diagnostic (FDD) tools on commercial unitary equipment in the laboratory. The objective is to provide a method of test to define an FDD tools function.

Scope:2.1 This standard applies to unitary air conditioning systems.2. 2 The test is a physical laboratory test on a particular combination of diagnostic tool and make and model of unitary system.2.3 This standard applies to any on-board, after-market or hand-held functionality that detects and/or diagnoses problems that lead to degraded energy efficiency or capacity, increased maintenance costs, or shortened equipment life.2.4 This standard provides a method of test to define an FDD tools function, not to specify how it should be implemented.

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Demo of FDSIs FDD Tool21>>Next StepsWorking Groups?Detailed review of HTSDA and related Action ItemsDevelop strategy and recommendations for action and advocacy for Roadmap integrationNext meeting: Week of May 30 (3-hour webinar)

22Thank you!Mark Cherniack markc@newbuildings.orgKristin Heinemeier kheinemeier@ucdavis.eduJerine Ahmed jerine.ahmed@sce.comAnthony Hernandez anthony.hernandez@sce.comKC Spivey kcs7@pge.com23