opportunities for community based tourism in balodabazar

Opportunities for Community Based Tourism in Balodabazar District in

Chhattisgarh

Neha Kesarwani, Shubhankar Kumar

University Teaching Department, C.S.V.T.U.Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

Master’s in Urban Planning

Abstract

Tourism is the global economy industry in India with its past history, heritage & culture of

each state and contributes 6.6% of India’s GDP & employment generation. Community based

tourism (CBT) is a community development tool that nourish the ability of rural or tribal

communities to direct tourism resources & substantiate local communities participate to it.

CBT focuses on developing local community through tourism.

This research focuses on the development of CBT in the Balodabazar District, Chhattisgarh.

The study will include the various tourist destination at the district, identification of

problems, challenges faced by local people & tourists, infrastructure development based on

parameters achieved and Community involvement. The outcome will be recommendation for

enhanced infrastructure development and proposal for enhanced connectivity circuit among

tourist destinations.

Keywords:-Community Based Tourism, Tourism Development, Homestay, Connectivity,

Infrastructure

I.INTRODUCTION Tourism is the movement of tourists from one place to another place for leisure or other

purpose.Tourism involves various activities, services & facilities required for basic holiday.

The World Travel and Tourism Council calculated that tourism generated 6.4% of the

nation’s GDP in 2011. It was responsible for 7.9% of total employment. The GDP of the

tourism sector has expanded 229% between 1990 and 2011.

In 2011 forecast the World Travel and Tourism Council predicted the annual growth to be

8.8% between 2011 and 2021. As a result India’s rank is 5th

among the nations for fastest

growing tourism industry. India has major medical tourism industry, which is increasing 30%

every year.Tourism development deals with the connectivity, development of circuits &

infrastructure of the tourist destinations.Chhattisgarh has various historical background, art &

crafts and majority of people are tribals having their own traditional & unique style of living

and handicraft.

Aim & Objective – The aim is to analyze & enhance the opportunities for community based

tourism in Balodabazar region in chhattisgarh.

The objectives are :

• Toidentifythepotentialtouristdestination&itsconnectivityinthedistrict.

• Tostudythebasicprinciples,policies&guidelinesrelatedtoCommunitybasedtourism.

• Optimum utilization of tourist resources in order to attract maximum no. of domestic &

international tourists.

• Tostudytheexistinginfrastructure&managementoftouristspotsaccordingtoWTTCindex.

• Toidentifythegaps&constraintsforproposalofpotentialtourism.

• Toimprovesocio-economiccultureoflocalcommunity&people,empowerment of

tribalwomen.

High Technology Letters

Volume 27, Issue 8, 2021

ISSN NO : 1006-6748

http://www.gjstx-e.cn/711

Scope of the study – The scope of the thesis is to study the principles, guidelines & policies

related to Community based tourism and potential tourist destination in Balodabazar district

and development based on parameters achieved.

Research Methodology - A quanti

paper. The secondary data collection of tourist destinations & its infrastructure and facilities

have been collected through books, journals, census handbooks & Balodabazar district

tourism website. The primary data collection of tourist destination and its existing

infrastructure is being collected by conducting tourism survey, community survey, meetings

with government officials and the data obtained is analyzed by factor analysis, through GIS,

SWOT analysis.

Literature Review - Community based tourism (CBT) acts as a poverty reduction tool.The

principles of Community Based Tourism are: To acknowledge, assist and encourage

community ownership of tourism; Involving local community from the starti

community satisfaction; To enhance the quality of life; To establish environmental

sustainability; To conserve the unique character and culture of the local area; Dispense

benefits equitably among community members; Give a fixed percent of i

projects.

The general characteristics of CBT are: Involving natural & cultural in tourism to cater more

tourist; Educating local people to satisfy tourist; Majorly CBT is organized by small groups

living in a natural area since history a

Reducing the negative impacts on nature & socio

protection of natural & cultural tourism in the area to benefit local people; Implementing

other income & employment resources to enhance local people’s quality of life.

About Chhattisgarh: Chhattisgarh is a state situated in central India. The total area of

Chhattisgarh is 135,194 sq.km. Total population of 25,540,196 as per census 2011.

Chhattisgarh shares 12% of Total forest cover in India. The state consists of plateaus with

Satpura range within the north, river Mahanadi and its tributaries within the central plains and

flushed with various natural beauties that has possibility of Tourism development.

Chhattisgarh Tourism Data:

Domestic Tourist Data: There is gradual increase in domestic tourist from year 2011 to 2015,

with the growth coming at annual increase rate of 14.35%. Also, annual growth rate has been

decreased - 26.0% inyear 2016 to 2017.

Foreigner Tourist Data:There has been increasing & decreasing number of foreigner tourists

between years 2011-2014. The annual increase rate of 18.2% & drop in 2013 anda 100% rise

in 2014. The annual growth rate was declined by

Total Tourist

Figure 2 Domestic tourist

The scope of the thesis is to study the principles, guidelines & policies


parameters achieved.

A quantitative & qualitative research approach has been done in this



te. The primary data collection of tourist destination and its existing



Community based tourism (CBT) acts as a poverty reduction tool.The


community ownership of tourism; Involving local community from the starting; To promote



benefits equitably among community members; Give a fixed percent of income to community



living in a natural area since history and have specialized own business in local art & craft;

Reducing the negative impacts on nature & socio-economic life of local people; Helping for


oyment resources to enhance local people’s quality of life.



f Total forest cover in India. The state consists of plateaus with



There is gradual increase in domestic tourist from year 2011 to 2015,


26.0% inyear 2016 to 2017.

eigner Tourist Data:There has been increasing & decreasing number of foreigner tourists

2014. The annual increase rate of 18.2% & drop in 2013 anda 100% rise

The annual growth rate was declined by -27% in the year 2017 - 2017.

Data: Total tourist visit from Domestic Figure 1 Foreigner

The scope of the thesis is to study the principles, guidelines & policies


tative & qualitative research approach has been done in this



te. The primary data collection of tourist destination and its existing



Community based tourism (CBT) acts as a poverty reduction tool.The


ng; To promote



ncome to community



nd have specialized own business in local art & craft;

economic life of local people; Helping for




f Total forest cover in India. The state consists of plateaus with



There is gradual increase in domestic tourist from year 2011 to 2015,


eigner Tourist Data:There has been increasing & decreasing number of foreigner tourists

2014. The annual increase rate of 18.2% & drop in 2013 anda 100% rise

Data: Total tourist visit from



ISSN NO : 1006-6748


2015-2017 has declinefrom year 2015

Growth of Total number of Tourists visiting in Chhattisgarh:

Distribution of Domestic Tourists in Chhattisgarh (state wise): The major tourists

Madhya Pradesh & Maharashtra and less tourist comes from other states.

Selection of study area: There is substantial possibility for tourism in Chhattisgarh but due to

natural, backward region &

development of local community. By finding out the strategies & gaps for local community

based tourism which can enhance their socio economic life and CG tourism. Will be focusing

on the unexplored tourism & its connectivity in Balodabazar district.

Balodabazar district is 27th district in Chhattisgarh state of India. The total Population of

District in 2011 is 13,05,343 (Urban

sqkm – 349.60 persons. The Population growt

number of Blocks of district with area & no of villages. The major potential of the district

are:

14%

13%

8%5%3%

Figure 3 Total tourist

Figure 4 Tourist Distribution

Agriculture & irrigation • Majorly paddy crops, other seasonal

cropping

• Major river for irrigation – Shivnath,

Mahanadi, Jonk

• Major streams for irrigation – Balamedi,

Jamunia, Khorasi

Forest

• Kasdol block has 875.27 hectare forest

found.

• Barnawapara National Park is under

government tourism.

• Other nature trails are – Sonbarsa,

khairavarddih, Dharashiva, Kachlon, Suma

2017 has declinefrom year 2015- 2017.

Growth of Total number of Tourists visiting in Chhattisgarh:

Distribution of Domestic Tourists in Chhattisgarh (state wise): The major tourists

Madhya Pradesh & Maharashtra and less tourist comes from other states.


local community existence there is lack of economic

development of local community. By finding out the strategies & gaps for local community


sm & its connectivity in Balodabazar district.


District in 2011 is 13,05,343 (Urban – 1139160, Rural – 166183). The Population density per

349.60 persons. The Population growth between 2001 to 2011 – 49.8%. The total


19%

20%

16%

5%3%2%

Maharashtra

Madhya Pradesh

Orissa

West Bengal

Gujrat

Rajasthan

Punjab

Delhi

Others

Figure 4 Tourist Distribution

Table 1 Tourist Growth

• Majorly paddy crops, other seasonal

Shivnath,

Balamedi,

• Kasdol block has 875.27 hectare forest.

• Barnawapara National Park is under

Sonbarsa,

khairavarddih, Dharashiva, Kachlon, Suma

Tradition & culture

• The Sua, Raut Nancha, Karma, Panthi

•Gaura-Gauri Pujan

•Hareli, teej

•Bhojali

Minerals & Industries • Due to this cement plants are established like

Ultratech, Ambuja, Lafarge, Emami, shree cement.

• Chuna stone is major in district

• Handloom saris & textiles are manufactured by

weavers in bilaigarh&kasdol

• Also, rice mill, dal mill & poha mill in

&baloda block

• Powerplant, brass factory & small industries are

there.

• Also, industrial park has been established

Distribution of Domestic Tourists in Chhattisgarh (state wise): The major tourists come from


local community existence there is lack of economic

development of local community. By finding out the strategies & gaps for local community-



166183). The Population density per

49.8%. The total


, Raut Nancha, Karma, Panthi

• Due to this cement plants are established like

Ultratech, Ambuja, Lafarge, Emami, shree cement.

• Handloom saris & textiles are manufactured by

• Also, rice mill, dal mill & poha mill in Bhatapara

• Powerplant, brass factory & small industries are

• Also, industrial park has been established



ISSN NO : 1006-6748


Tourist Data of Balodabazar District: The maximum tourists (31498) in the district was in

year 2014 and than there was sudden decrease (2152) in tourist in year 2015. Tourist

increased in year 2016 but started gradually decreasing till todays date.

II.Proposed Algorithm

SWOT analysis: It is a planning technique which is used to

opportunities, threats related to planning.

S

STRENGTH WEAKNESS

- Dense forest &

adventure activity

potential.

- Abound by history,

culture & heritage.

- Presence of local

tribal & handicrafts.

- Pleasant climate most

of the year.

- A pleasant & clean

atmosphere.

- Good regional

accessibility.

- Lack of tourist

destination

infrastructure

facilities.

- Insufficient

accommodation

services.

- Lack of marketing &

promotion techniques.

- Lack of tourist

operators.

- Lack of

facilities.

Factor Analysis: It is used to reduce large number of variables into few factors. We give

scores to each indicator from 1 to 10 according to decided scale and then calculate the to

score. This helps in ranking of tourist destinations according to scores achieved. In this, we

selected 19 indicators for factory analysis by

in Balodabazar District. The indicators are:

1.Destination attraction

2.Availability of Tourist Information Centre

3.Availability of Tourist Guide

4.Accessibility (Good/Moderate/Bad)

5.Road condition (Good/Moderate/Bad)

6.Distance from Balodabazar

7.Mode of Transport (2w/4w/ public

transport/private bus/hired vehicles)

8.Availability of Accommodation facility

9.Availability of Signages


there was sudden decrease (2152) in tourist in year 2015. Tourist

increased in year 2016 but started gradually decreasing till todays date.

II.Proposed Algorithm

SWOT analysis: It is a planning technique which is used to identify strengths, weaknesses,

portunities, threats related to planning.

W

WEAKNESS

O

OPPORTUNITIES

Lack of tourist

destination

infrastructure

facilities.

Insufficient

accommodation

services.

Lack of marketing &

promotion techniques.

Lack of tourist

operators.

Lack of Public transit

facilities.

- Availability of

natural resources &

potential.

- Infrastructure

development in

tourism industry.

- Unexplored tourist

destinations.

- Road network &

connectivity can

cater more tourist.

- Historical

monuments

- Environmental

threat by

t

- Deterioration

of Environment

can lead to low

tourist

satisfaction

level.

- Security threat

due to

backward

region

It is used to reduce large number of variables into few factors. We give

scores to each indicator from 1 to 10 according to decided scale and then calculate the to


selected 19 indicators for factory analysis by component matrix graph for tourist destinations

in Balodabazar District. The indicators are:

Figure 5 Tourist Data

2.Availability of Tourist Information Centre

4.Accessibility (Good/Moderate/Bad)

5.Road condition (Good/Moderate/Bad)

7.Mode of Transport (2w/4w/ public

cles)

8.Availability of Accommodation facility

10.Availability of Toilet

11.Availability of Food stalls / Cafeteria

12.Availability of ATM

13.Availability of Dustbin

14.Provision of Safety & Security of Tourists

15.Availability of Parking facilities

16.Availability of sitting places

17.Availability of Local handicraft market

18.Time duration required for visit

19.Availability of Resort near Tourist spot


there was sudden decrease (2152) in tourist in year 2015. Tourist

identify strengths, weaknesses,

T

THREAT

Environmental

threat by

tourists.

Deterioration

of Environment

can lead to low

tourist

satisfaction

level.

Security threat

due to

backward

region

It is used to reduce large number of variables into few factors. We give

scores to each indicator from 1 to 10 according to decided scale and then calculate the total


component matrix graph for tourist destinations

11.Availability of Food stalls / Cafeteria

of Safety & Security of Tourists

15.Availability of Parking facilities

17.Availability of Local handicraft market

18.Time duration required for visit

19.Availability of Resort near Tourist spot



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This table explains us the points given to each tourist destination according to the selected indicators.

By this we found out the major problems & issues faced in each destination. Also, we have ranked the

destinations according to the ranking (out of 190 points.

0 50

Barnawapara Wildlife Sanctuary

Sonbarsa Nature Trail

Jaitkhamb, Giraudpuri

Turturiya

Siddheshwar Temple, Palari

Ambuja mandir

Damakheda

Mauli Mata mandir, Singarpur

Sonakhan

Somnath Temple, Simga

Siddhakhol Waterfall

Balar reservoir

Dhaskund Waterfall

POINTS GIVEN OUT OF 190

TO

UR

IST

SP

OT

S

RANKING OF TOURIST SPOTS OUT OF 190 POINTS

Figure 6 Ranking of Tourist Destination Figure 6 Ranking of Tourist Destinations

ins us the points given to each tourist destination according to the selected indicators.


destinations according to the ranking (out of 190 points.

- The most visited tourism

spot is Barnawapara Wildlife

Sanctuary.

- The least is Dhaskund

waterfall.

- Maximum places have

proper connectivity.

- There is lack of proper

transportation facilities.

189

187

184

174

163

158

141

137

136

134

131

125

119

50 100 150 200 250

POINTS GIVEN OUT OF 190

RANKING OF TOURIST SPOTS OUT OF 190 POINTS

Table 2 Factor Analysis

6 Ranking of Tourist Destination Ranking of Tourist Destinations

ins us the points given to each tourist destination according to the selected indicators.


The most visited tourism

Barnawapara Wildlife

The least is Dhaskund

Maximum places have

proper connectivity.

There is lack of proper

transportation facilities.



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III. Experiment and Result

Issues:

- There is lack of connectivity & accessibility to tourist destination.

- There is lack of parking area at tourist spot & poor quality of road.

- There is lack of brand promotion of state tourism.

- There is lack of ATM, signage, restaurant, security services, public toilet etc.

- To identify the constraints and challenges and give development proposals.

- There is ack of accommodation facilities & management.

- There is no tourism policy initiated in the state.

- There is lack of local tribal exhibitions & markets for promotion of handicrafts.

- Lack of tourist operators & tourist guides, tourism employment generation.

- Most of the destinations are undevelopedas government funds is very less for tourism in

the district.

- There is lack of information about any tourist destination.

- Tourist spots needs to be developed in terms of basic facilities for tourist.

Figure 7 Heritage & Handicraft Map

The map shows the Type of handicrafts and Type of community found in the Balodabazar district.

The map signifies that the Markam community is majorly found in the district. The major handicraft

is bamboo craft & kosa silk.

Figure 8 Existing Infrastructure Map



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DAMAKHEDA

SINGARPUR

BALODABAZAR

The table shows the availability of infrastructure at major nodes. It includes

lodging, ATM, Petrol pumps, Police [posts, Health care. The maximum availability of

infrastructure is in Node -1 & 2. And least is in Node

NODE Hotel &

Lodging

ATM

1. Balodabazar Yes Yes

2.Singarpur

Yes Yes

3.Damakheda

No No

4.Turturiya

Yes No

5.Barnawapara

Yes No

6.Giraudpuri

No No

Table 3

This paper focused on development of CBT in the Balodabazar District, Chhattisgarh. It

included various tourist destinations (Pilgrimage, natural, wildlife, cultural, etc.) and

identified the issues & problems faced by tourist & local people through

community survey & tourist destination analysis of existing infrastructure by factor analysis

method. Than ranked the problems identified from the analysis and proposed the

recommendation & proposal based on the parameters achieved.

45KM

BALODABAZAR

TURTURIYA

GIRAUDPURI

BARNAWAPARA

The table shows the availability of infrastructure at major nodes. It includes – Hotel &


1 & 2. And least is in Node -3.

Petrol

Pump

Police

Post

Health

Centre

Comments

Yes Yes Yes All facilities are available in this center

Yes Yes Yes All facilities are available near to this center.

Yes No No Lack of all facilitates except petrol pump in this

center. 1 police post is required in the village

entrance.

Yes Yes Yes All facilities available except ATM.

Yes Yes Yes All facilities available except ATM.

Yes Yes Yes Lack of Hotel & lodging and ATM facilities in

this center.

3 Infrastructure availability in Nodes

IV. CONCLUTION

focused on development of CBT in the Balodabazar District, Chhattisgarh. It


identified the issues & problems faced by tourist & local people through – tourism survey



recommendation & proposal based on the parameters achieved.

Figure 9 Proposed Node Map

Hotel &


All facilities are available in this center

All facilities are available near to this center.

all facilitates except petrol pump in this

center. 1 police post is required in the village

All facilities available except ATM.

All facilities available except ATM.

Lack of Hotel & lodging and ATM facilities in

focused on development of CBT in the Balodabazar District, Chhattisgarh. It


tourism survey,





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The result of the research is enhanced infrastructure development, connectivity and proposed

tourist circuit connecting the major nodes and community development in the district.

References

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Sikkim of India-A Study of Darap and Pastanga Villages Research Gate / Sep 2014.

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Challenges

Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management / Mar 2017.

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CSVTU Research Journal on Engineering and Technology / July 2019.

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Bengal South Asian Journal of Tourism and Heritage / 2011.

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Tourist Destination International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) / Mar 2020

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Community Based Tourism Initiatives (CBTIS)

Global Research Analysis / Feb 2013

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Ecotourism in Bastar Region

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) / Mar 2020

8. Chhattisgarh Tourism Policy – 2020.

9. Himanchal Pradesh Tourism Policy – 2019.

10. District Census Handbook

Census of India 2011.



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opportunities for community based tourism in balodabazar

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