overview of modern health and safety practices

OVERVIEW OF MODERN HEALTH AND

SAFETY PRACTICESAND

MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN

NIGERIA10/06/2010 1JABULANI CONSULTS

PRESENTED BY

Dr Olugbenga O. Bejide M.B., B.S., M.B.A., M.P.H.,

F.N.I.M.

10/06/2010 JABULANI CONSULTS 2

OUTLINE

• Introduction• Early Occupational Health Workers• Early Development of OHS in Nigeria• Types of OHS services in Nigeria• Health & Safety Management Systems in

Nigeria• Prospects, Challenges & Recent Trends of

OHS• Summary and Conclusion10/06/2010 JABULANI CONSULTS 3

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

• ………….a speciality concerned with the two-way relationship between health and work

HEALTH WORK


Bernadino Ramazini (1633-1714)

• Father of Occupational Medicine

• Physician and a professor of Medicine, Modena and Padua

• In 1700, published ‘De Morbis Artificum Diatriba’

• The first to recommend that physicians should enquire about patient’s kind of job


OTHER WORKERS IN OCCUPATIONAL

MEDICINE Sir Thomas Legge (1863-

1932)

He was the first Inspector of Factories in Britain and developed a medical inspectorate which was effective in improving working conditions in the factories


OTHERS

Charles Turner Thackray (1795-1833)

…..a British physician and a great pioneer of Occupational Medicine who published a book entitled ‘ The effects of the Principal Arts, Trades and Professions and of Civic States and Habits of Living on Health and Longetivity’

This was the first British book on occupational diseases which helped to bring about legislations on improvements to factory conditions


OTHERS

F. Ferisman (1842-1915)

• Was a pioneer in public health in Russia

• Campaigned for the improvement of the environmental conditions in factories


OTHERS

Phillipa Flowerday

• The first recorded Occupational Health Nurse

• She worked with J.J. Coleman’s mustard factory in Norwich (1878)

• She took care of illness and injuries at work

• She also visited the sick workers at home


OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH IN NIGERIA

• 1945 Labour Code• 1955 Factory Ordinance• 1956 Factory Act• 1941 Workmen’s Compensation Ordinance• Mr Britnell was the first Chief Inspector of

Factories and organised the first National Industrial Safety Conference in Lagos in August 1962

• Prof G.O. Sofoluwe: Father of Occupational Medicine in Nigeria in 1968


NISCN

…..a tripartite organisation of government, employers and employees formed in May 1964 to address, advise and regulate occupational health and safety matters in Nigeria but currently in the process of re-structuring


NISP

•……a technical arm of the NISCN formed in 1980 comprising mainly safety professionals but currently in the process of re-structuring


OH CONCEPT

• ILO WHO Committee aims at the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations

• In summary: ‘the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job’


THE OH TEAM

• Occupational Health Physician• Occupational Health Practitioner• Occupational Health Nurse• Occupational Hygienist• Industrial Psychologist• Ergonomist/Safety Engineer• Safety Officer


TYPES OF OH SERVICES IN NIGERIA

• No doctor or nurse but a clinic attendant/assistant on ground

• Company GP sends a doctor or a nurse to run the facility from time to time

• Full-time Nurse working alone• Full-time Nurse with part-time visiting

doctor otherwise engaged• Full-time OH team (see previous slide 14)


FOR YOU

WHAT TYPE OF OH SERVICE

IS YOURS?

(SEE PREVIOUS SLIDE 15)


HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (I)

• SHE e.g. Heineken

• HSE e.g. Shell

• EHS e.g. BAT

• SSHE

• SHEQ10/06/2010 JABULANI CONSULTS 17

HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (II)

• OHSE• OHS• OSH• OH• OS Yellow=UK while Green= US


HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (III)

• Top Management Safety Anchor

• Safety Committee

• Safety Department/Unit

• Safety Manager/Officer

• Line Manager


HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (IV)

• Occupational Health Physician• Occupational Health Nurse• Occupational Hygienist• Industrial Psychologists• Toxicologist• Ergonomist10/06/2010 JABULANI CONSULTS 20

TPM MODELS• TPM Safety Pillars

• Steps and Modules

• Evidence-based methodologies

• Result-oriented

• Integrated with other pillars

• Sustainable 10/06/2010 JABULANI CONSULTS 21

PROSPECTS (I)

• Legislative Requirement• Corporate Social Responsibility•Motivation of employees• Public perception• Buyers’ Market10/06/2010 JABULANI CONSULTS 22

PROSPECTS (II)

• Society’s awareness of rights

• Pressure from CSO and HRO

• Indemnity and possibility of litigation

• Increasing power of the Chief Inspector of Factories

• Demand for good governance at all levels


CHALLENGES (I)

• Cheap labour market• High level of unemployment• Low level of industrialisation• Labour overconcentration on wages• Labour underconcentration on work

conditions


CHALLENGES (II)

• Poverty in the land• Ignorance of workers• Inadequate local statistics of OHS

diseases and conditions • Poor publicity of OHS injuries• Undue Partisanship


RECENT TRENDS (1)

• OHS policy statements with copies to employees, stakeholders and government and also framed copies displayed in the premises

• Occupational Health and Safety Committees• Risk Assessment ( Hazard Inventory)• Greater focus on Ergonomics• Computerised access control• Smarter working uniforms


RECENT TRENDS (2)

• Employee Assistance Programmes e.g. Du Point and Heineken on alcoholics

• HIV/AIDS workplace programs• Pedestrian and Vehicular WALKWAYS• Main gate SAFETY DATA BOARDS• Safety digital boards on production floors• Safety tags


RECENT TRENDS (3)

• Safety Guides for visitors• Publicised OHS Weeks• Road Markings• 5S Markings of the shopfloors• Housekeeping audits• Administrative control10/06/2010 JABULANI CONSULTS 28

RECENT TRENDS (4)

• Speed Breakers• First Aid Boxes and Trained First Aiders• Hanging Functional Fire Extinguishers

and Trained Fire Fighting Executives• Conspicuous Fire Assembly Points• Safety awards and bonuses• Safety sanctions


RECENT TRENDS (5)

• Conspicuous display of framed copies of the Factory Act within the factory premises

• Safety video clips and induction for guests• PPE provision for all guests• OHS as a full-fledged department• Hearing Conservation program• Health Insurance/Capitation


RECENT TRENDS (6)

• Brief safety talk at every forum/meeting• Fame and shame boards• Near Miss reporting• TPM Safety Pillar• Break exercises• Keep-fit sessions/gymnasium


RECENT TRENDS (7)

• Fire Drills• Generation of worst-case scenarios• Accident Stimulation• Computer screen log-on• Periodic Medical Examination &

Periodic Health Assessment• External Safety Audits10/06/2010 JABULANI CONSULTS 32

RECAP

• Introduction• Early Occupational Health Workers• Early Development of OHS in Nigeria• Types of OHS services in Nigeria• Health & Safety Management Systems in

Nigeria• Prospects, Challenges & Recent Trends of

OHS• Summary and Conclusion10/06/2010 JABULANI CONSULTS 33

SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

We are still generally far away from where we should be in OHS in Nigeria and it will take the concerted efforts of you and I to move OHS forward in Nigeria

……….Jabulani Consults10/06/2010 JABULANI CONSULTS 34

FUTURE OUTLOOK

……..bright but we need to move faster!


THANK

YOU


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