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Watertown Arsenal LaboratoryReport Number I(AL 647/9 3 .. D),ki 7 February 1954=Problem Number D-16#2

RPflAIR !1ELDED CALST ARMOR

Metallurgical Examination of Samples RepresentingNinety-slx Two Inch Thick Ballistic Test Plates

OBJECT

To carry out metallurgical examination of subject samples.

SUMMARY

1. Metallurgical examination including chemical analyses, macro-examination, hardness surveys, Charpy V-notch impact tests, nick-breakfracture tests, Jominy hardenability tests, and microexamination was carriedout on selected samples from the 96 two inch thick repair welded cast armorballistic test plates.

2. '"The hardness level of weld deposits in the American Steel Foundriesplates was generally lower than that of the Continental Steel Foundriesdepoeits, apparently because of a difference in the welding technique. Thestress relief treatment reduced the maximum weld metal hardness slightly, and.the draw treatment reduced the hardness more markedly. The weld metal hard-'nes of the samples which were quenched and tempered after welding was verylow because of low incompletely hardened weld metal. A decrease inresistance to ballistic penetration is apparent for weld deposits with lowhardness level,,

3. Notched bar impact nnd nick-break fracture tests indicate that theshock resistance of the weld deposit would be inferior to that of the armorplate under severe ballistic shock, particularly at subnormal t8mperatures,Notched bar impact tests at -4O 0 F. show a definite decrease in tendency forbrittle failure ns the weld metal hardness is lowered progressively by stressrelief, draw, and quench and draw treatments after welding. This trend wasnot reflected in ballistic shock tests and all the weld deposits appearequally adequate to withstand the conditions of the ballistic shock testsemployed in this program. The Continental cast armor Es indicated by Charpy,nick-break fracture and ballistic shock tests was subject to severe temper .embrittlement in the samples stress relieved after welding.

4. It is probable that an increase in carbon content or in suitablealloy elements would imp:-ove the hardenability and resistance to softeningduring tempering of this type weld metal resulting in increased hardness a•dshock resistance and consequent improvement in ballistic properties.

APPVD:' ,. . H. B""P0VD -S. A, HEMRS' .-

,,lot Lt., Ord. Dept.

N. A. MATTIEWS . -h -•," ' -Lt. Col., Ord. Dept. ". A. M. TURKALO.Acting Director of Lbor - -t Physical Science Aide

INTRODUOT ON

This roport deals with examination of representative samples from aearies of 96 repair welded cast armor ballistic test plates. The oxaminntion

was carried mut in accordance with a request from Office, Chief of Ordnance-Detroit (SPOME-E). A o"py of this directiva as well as other basic corre-spondonco proscribing deotails of welding and heat treating procedures, andballistic testing is included in Appendix A*

A complete account of ballistic testing results is contained inAberdeen Proving Ground Armor Test Report No. AD-685. Results of a previousexamination of rIVnlos from four reptir welded cast armor ballistic testplates are ropo: ted in Watertown Arsenal Laboratory Memorandum Report No.V'AL 647/7, 28 A-iL.,:t-1 1944.

TEST 14ATMIALS

A total of 96 cast armor test rlates, 36 x 36 x 2 inches with a6 x 24 inch repair welded aroa were procured for ballistic testing, 48 platesfrom the American Stool Foundries and 49 plates from the Continental Rolland Steel Foundries. All welding was done with Harnischfoger AV 20 Mn-Moferritic electrode having a mineral (stainless type) coating. The pllateewere divideK' into 16 groups of three to represent various depths of weldrepair and post welding heat treatment procedure. The details of heat treat-

*' mont and ballistic test procedures (which differed in sorie respects from thoseoriginally prescribed) are given in Table I.

Samples approxin.ately 12 inches square including a portion of the repairwelded area were flame cut from 94 of the T1`te6 af ter ballistic testing andforwarded to this nrsenal. From each group of throe similarly welded andheat treated plates, one samplo was selected for oxEamination as follows:

Depth of American ContinentalWeld Post Welding Stool Foundries Steel Foundries

Inches Heat Treatment Plate No, Plate No, t"

2 Quench and Draw A 1306 6795-4 --

1-3/4 , Quench aý Draw A 1273 6795-12

1-3/1 Quench and Draw A 1292 10333

I Quenc>i Draw A 127T• 6842-9

2 DrAw B 52 6815-13

"1-3/L4 Draw B 67 6765-4

1-3/9 Draw B 61 6965-11

I Draw B 43 68 42-22 3.100F Stress Relief B ll4 6795-7

Sl-3/)4 1100I F Stress Relief B 107 6842-14

1-3/S 1100'F Stress Pellef 1 99 997-1

1 1100"F Stress Relief B 96 6e'12"7

2 None B 113 6795-9I-3/•4 None B 144 6965-61 I-3/S None B 143 6965-7I None B 131 6965-9

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* 0S0 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 0 a

TEST PROCLDURE

From each of the thirty-two selected satniles two sections apnroxinately1/4 inch thick were cut with an abrasive wheol transversely across the repairwelded area. After the surfaces were rround, one section was ma.crootchodin hot ncid (I a.rt H2 804, 3 pr.rts HUS, and 14 narts H2 0) for forty-fiveminutes, and Rockaie].l C h.rdness surveys wore made ,os illustrated inFigure 4 on the other section.

All ireld metal standard V-notch CharT-' bars wcre obtained at miwealltransverse to the iveOding direction, from sarrelos with one inch and withtwo inch denoths of -. eLd to reprosunt e•ph of the four conditions of heattreatment. Pla•te metal C.arpy bars <,'cre taken midwall orosite to the roeairwelded Prca from samples with one inch rerair velld depth to repTresent ov.ch ofthe four coýnditions of heat treatment. In addition Chirr, y bars were takenmid(wall from th&ý unaffected Tplate Motal of the two inch repair weld depthin the as-welded condition. In oe.ch case duplic:to Charpy b,-ars were brokenat both +70 0•' and -400F.

Nick-break fracture tests were made en sanmnlcs with one inch donth ofrepair weld in each connition of heat treatment. Specimens were notched by 2flame cutting from each side to leave an unnotchod section three inch widetransverse to the diroction of welding through the center of the reparirwelded area. One q1mrter inch deep notches wero then ground a.cross the3 inch section on both toy, nd bottom to, connect the flano cut notches. Thespociioenz were broken in , steaim press.

One Jominy bar was taken from the center of -lo.te and one from centerof the repair weld in the samplos with two inch repair weld depth and noheat treatment aftor welding. Bars were end quenched ýf tor a two hour holdat 1650'F, four flats .030 inch deeop were •round, and standcard Jominy hard-ness surveys were made on two flats at 90'.

After hardness surveys had been made, the Jominy bars -,tre used forchemical analyses. In addition, chips were taken for analyses fror brokenCharpy bars from the saqmples with one inch delth of weld repair.

Samples for microoxaninntion as described in the section under Aata andA.iccussion were taken from transverse sections used for hardness surveysand macroexamination.

DATA AIM DISCUSSION

Chemical Analyses

Chemical composition rane-os as summarized from ann.lyrses restarted *by therarmor manufa.cturers were as frllows:

F ahricator C Mn Si P S Cr Ni Mo

Americon plate •26/ 1.4o/ .39/ -011/ .022/ .44/ -- .28/.33 1.63 .50 .019 .033 .64 .35

well metal .093 1.65 .21 .020 .025 .01 .07 .O4o45 Continental rl.te .28/ 1.24/ :398/ .029/ .52/ r52/ :4o/

.35 1.147 4 ,03 .71 .87 .414weld metal .15 1.66 .27 0020 .020 .07 trace .42

-3-

* 0 0 • 0 S 0 0 S 0 0 0 S 0 0 •

Check analyses made at this laboratory gnve the following results:

Plate No. C Mn Si P S Or Ni Me* Amurican B 113

2r1 weld depth plate .29 1.68 050 .015 .025 53 Trace .30

weld .08 1.74 .24 .023 .021 .03 Trace .32American A 1279" ericn Ad1278 weld .12 1.78 .23 .023 .020 .06 Trace .371"1 welri depth

Continental 6795-9 te .29 1.52 .42 0)3 030 67 77 .•I2" weld depth " 2 1 4

weld *09 1.86 .22 .024 .020 .03 Trace o3'

Continental 6842-9 weld .09 1.96 .26 ,023 .015 .02 Nil .361" weld depth

Macro exrtminAt ion

Figures 1, 2, and 3 aro nhotogra'Ths of typica.l m.cmrotched sectionsfrom the 32 selected sayrplos. The weld metal deo-osits were sound with theexception of one samrlo (Plate iTo. 6842-9, Figure 3). The paqses whichappear black in this T)hotoirni-h were full of oxide inclusitns rne smallcracks and were etched out very rapiidly by the hot acid. It is possiblethat these passes ware made with electrodes from which the coating hadspelled.

The heat affected zones in both weld and Mrlate metal of the multiplebead wold derosits are outlined very clearly in the macrootched sections fromthe as-welded samnlos, loss clearly in sections from the samples which weretempered or stress relieved, nod were largely obliterated in the sectionsfrom samples quenched and drawn after welding, The metal which has beenhardonod by the welding thermal cycle etches dtark while that which hns beenretempered either by subsequent welding rassos or furnace heat treatmentetches fairly uniformly with the unaffocted base metals, Considerableirregularity in the extent of the weld hardened zone was observed particularlyin the 1-3/4 and 1-7/8 inch depth repairs, but there was no evidence in thisor in previous oxaminr tions of armor welds rrýde with this typo nf forriticelectrodes that the extent or charrcter of the weld hardened zone affectedballistic shock performnncoe.

Severe centerlino shrinkage, which apparently develops cracks under thoinfluence of ballistic shock, in arppernt in several of the cast plates(Soo Figuros 2 and 3)- Severe subsurface porosity is also evident in someof the cast pletos.

Hardness Surveys

Rockwell C haordness surveys wore made on trnnsvorse sections from thethirty-tw•o selected samples. Fiigure 4 shows the pattern for ha.rdness surveysrnd Table II is a tabulation of the results.

*

. 4-

Hardness on the unaffected plrte metal in the as-weldcrd samnlos from4 Continontal Steel Fnun•irics averares 21 to 24 Rockwell C with little

variation through the thickness. Slightly lower and more variable hardnessreadings showing P. tendency to decrease at the center of the section wereobtained for the plates from American Stool Foundrios. Draw or stressrelieving treatments subsequent to ,-welding would be oxpected to have littleor no effect on the hardiiess of the unaffo-cted plate metal because all suchtreatments involvod temperatures and times of holding eithor identical toor lover than the original tempering treatmentso Quench and temper treat-monts after welding were supposedly identical in practice and effect tothose before welding. However, in several plr,tes from both manufcturorsthe hardness of the unaffocted pirte motal is unaccountably docroesed bythe treatments subsequent to welding. There is no consistency in thiseffect.

The hr.,rdness of the ield metal deposits in the as-welded conditionshows a considerable va,.rination as would be expected because of the hardeningand tempering effects in the multiple pass welds (See pattern developed in

Figures 1 and 2). Hnrdness ranges were approximately 9.5 to 17.5 Rc for "the American samples and 11.5-19 Re for the Continental samples. The lowerhardness ranpe for the American samples may be ,,ccounted for by the fractthat this 1,manufacturer used a w•n.ving technique of bend deposition whichresulted in a lower total number of boads end an appreciable higher inter-pass temperaoture (350"F max. for American and 2t90F for Continental).

S The 1100'F stress relief treatment reduced the maximun weld metal hard-ness slightly. The draw treatment of 1200-1220'F lowered the average hard-noss ranre 4 to 6 noints Rc; but there -,,re a few relatively high hardnessredings in the tcp iver of welcl. passes -- an indication of resistance totempering. It is possible that the reheating of the other parts of the welddeposit by subsequent wArlding passes has decreasod its resistnee to softeningduring tempering. A provious investigation1 indicated that the resistanceto tempering may be somwcha,,t Keperdent upon tempcrature and rate of coolingfrom the last austenitizing treatment.

The weld metal hr~rdnesses of the samples subjected to quench .nd temperafter welding are very low (Continental 3.5-12.5 Rc, American 3.15-11.5).The low hardnesses are a result of low herdeenbility (see discussion ofJominy tests) and low resistance to softening during tempering of theincompletely hardened weld metal.

ITO attempt waG Made to determine maximum heat affected zone hardnesses,since these zones were very irregujlar and there was no indication thaýt the

* hardened zone influenced b,%llistic failure. Hardness rea•dings which wereobtained in the heat affected areas indicate the same lirdening and temperingconditions as those revealed by the nacroexamination.

The weld metal passes bordering plate netal are slightly higher inhardness than the remainder of the weld metal. a.s a consequence of carbon and

* alloy pickup from the base metal.

Notched Bar Impact Tests

Results of Chrerpy V-notch impact tests at +70'F rnmd -40F for bothweld RnI plrate metals are given in Table III.

1. Wa76tortown Arsenal Laboratory Memorand.um Report Yo. !Lt•L 647/7, "Rep&irWelded Cast Armor - Metallurgical Examination of S, ples from Four"Ballistically Tested 2-Inch Thick Plates", 29 August 19)4.

-5-

0 . 0 0 S 0 0 0 0 0 ! 0

Impact bars taken from pla~te mobel,, unnffoetend by tho welftirg heat,

from sa plos in the as--oleldod conrHition pavo vrluos as fol.lows.'

+700. ."0c PAmeri~can 53-5 t.ls tt. lbs.

Continentnl )47 51 ft- 1`0bs. 33 - 3L6 f to lbs,

Specimens taken in pinrto mettal opIvouitO to the II deep) weld. dopositf rom ,is--iyoldled sarm~los or stamplos whItch -ore tempored or quonchod !ondtcenwpored after welding.: show no sifgýnificant difforececs from the rabovevralue"S, Tlere is a markedq decrease in impract valuo of pInto metal speocimoenfrom oor.Ipes which wore strocs relieved aýfter wolding;. The Continentalarmor su.ffered tie iotfroi. this 1100"F! heating an furnaco cool whichundoubtedly indýuced tormner brittlenoess. Notch bar impa-,ct toests obtainedat +70OF testing tonporatu:zo for valcl metrl specimens obtained! from thedeposits of 1"' andl 2"' dop-)h worzo goneralIly on in high level* Scatter inthose rosults is 1-artially na result of hpxrdness grrAients in the multiplepass woid, TVhis effoct being greatest in s.,-iocimons from', the as-weldedspecimens vand proba-bly oliininatedt in specimens quenched andt termpered nfterwelding. '2ho testing temperature of - 1 0,OF is appa-(rently within the rangefor trano;ition of failure from dluctile to brittle for all of the weld metalsanmrlos, which fa~ct would account for considerable scartter in values, butthero is a definite, decrease in tendenrcy for brittle failure as the wefld.

* metal hardneqss is lowered! pro~rossivolyr by stress relief, tempor, and quenchand temper treatmet o~r wel~ling7 Thore are, no sitnfcntdfernein irmprat cxnerý,Z IovEois of welft metal samilos. from the two armor manufa-cturersor samples rerlresontir.ýg tho 1ll and11 21 de-nth of weldl deI~posits,

Frncture Tests

Nfick--brenk frncture tests were m'Pe rf' svnpies, with I inch tdeep repairwelds in each cond-Iition of hent treatment. Plate netal fractures werefibrous except in the stress relievecd sam'iles where, as noted in the dis-cussion of notched bar irwn.ct tests, torwer brittlencss d~eveloped. Thefracture of the stress relieved. Continental armor was dull crystallinedendritic throughout the section-, the simAlfarly treatecl American showed -

num~erous very small spots of crystallinity,

The fracture of thowldt heat affected base metals were indistin,7uish-able from. the remaindler of the rlato fractures.

*Excepnt for a narrow banrl ýi~t the outer odge-,s, the well metal fractureswere cnrmpletely crystalline. Th4, Irittle frailure of the, weld metal in thisvery sevure test ind~iciAtes thait ,ho zihock perfrmance of the weld depositwould be inferior to thant of the Parmor iAlote under very severe ballisticshock or when inT otod0 at subnormal tormmeratures.

* Hardenability Tests

Fignres 5 and 6 cive the results rnf Joriny end quench tests for weldanid plate metals%, From p~ublished data,2 the hardness of the weld metal, asquencihed in water in th( fo~rm of 2 inch thick ,lpnto, woul.dI be approximrately

*2. Eardlenability con! a~riLsons G rocat Takes Steel Corporation 194*2,

that at 3/4 inch from the wator quenched end of the Jomivw bar or, fromthe curvec of Figures 7 and S, 12-19 Rock'aell C. The Amerlcann ca.t armorcomposition is lower in hnrdenability than the Continontel but either shouldbe capable of fully hardening in two iwch thick nlato when water quenohed,

( •Microoxanination

Figure 7 shows the microstructure of snrmles from the quenched andtampered base metals a t center, mitwall and 3/16 inch from the suioUface ofthe iplto. The nicrostructure of the Continental cast arrmor is temperednartensite throughout. The Anericaon cast armor, which is lower in harden-ability (see Joniny hardenability curves Figure 5 and 6) contains appreciable_n roportione of free ferrite and intermediate transformation temperaturenTro duct•.

The wmeor two nhotrnrcrograrths of Figure S, at lower magnification,show segregr•tion patterns in the two cast ),rmors. Dendritic negregation ismore apparent in the rilate with lower hacrdena-bility where with the quenchingpractice employed differenceo in alloy concentrations influenced the carbidetransformation products. The lower four photographs of Figure 8 show thebase metal microstructures at midwall in samples which were drawn and Ptressrelieved subsequent to welding. These microstructures are essentially thesame as those in the quenched a.nd tempered sanmples. The presence of slackquenched products in the American cast armor did not affect the notched barimpact values. iiicrostructuros do not '.:dica.te the tendency of the basemetals toward temper brittleness after the stress relief treatment,

Figures 9 and 10 show the microstructures of the weld metal at midwallof samples in the as-weldeQ, stress relieved, nnd drawn conditions.' A small

amount of martensite is present in a matrix of ferrite and spheroidalcarbides in the as-welded sample from the Continental plate, Very littlemartensite is present in the as-welded sample from the American plate (thisdifference rmy be explained by the. welding techniques - see discussion ofhardness surveys). Tempering of r.wrtensite patches and growth of spheroidalcarbides occurs dLring stress relieving and to a greater extent during thedraw treatment.

Figure 11 shows the microstructures of quenched and drawn weld metalsrmples to consist of heavil,- tempered carbides in a matrix of ferrite. Thedistribution of the carbides indicates that because of the low hardenabilityof the weld metal, high tramsformation temperature carbides formed through

* the thicknes3 of the weld metal. The high temperature draw treatment haSspheroidized those carbides.

E•TERAl CO1i'SISDERATIONS

In general, the resistance to ballistic penetration should correlatewith hardness of rrnor or ,,,eld deposits. Resistance to penetration testsmade with 37 mes AP M74 projectile fired at 00 obliquity show the followingtrends which might be predicte, from results of hardness surveyes3

%4ee also Aberdeen Proving Ground', Armor Trst Report No. A1D-685.

-7-

* 6 6 6 S @ S S S S S 0 S _

The ballistic limit of the weld metal wa& more than 100 f/s lower thantha-t of the armor for only neven plates; American, heat treated. by full.quench and draw or draw only, 21 depth of wold., fired on either side of" plate; Jerica., ful.2 quench 1nd draw, i- 3 /4" depth of weld, fired on"either sidG of plr.to; American, draw only 1- 3 /4" depth of weld, fired on

CO .welded side of plate.

Higher ballistic limits were observed for Continental weld depositswhich were found to have a higher hardness than the American weld depositsin the Pas-welded or stress relieved conditions.

As the depth of weld repair in the plates increased the resistance topenetration was foundt to decrease.

Higher ballistic limits were obtained when the plates were fired onthe unwelded side than when fired on the welded sid.e,

Ballistic shock tests while less conclusive, indicate poor performanceof the Continental plates in the stress relieved condition, but no materialdifference between other vlates in the various conditions of heat treatment.

Notched bar impact and nick break fracture tests indicate that theshock resistance of the wold depesite would be inferior to that of the armor

* plate under vwry severe ballistic shock and particularly at subnormaltemperatures, but all the weld deposits appeared adequate to withstand impact,

, under the conditions of the brllistic shock tests employed in this program&The stress relief treatrmient after welding should not be permitted for castarmor compositions subject to temper embrittlement.

As previously noted4, the hardenrtbility of the typo of weld metal depositis very low, and improvement in both ballistic shock and penetrationresistance probably would be obtaincd by an increase in cnrbon content or inalloy elements which would increase the hrrdenability -.nd the resistance tosoftening during rehep.tlng below the critical haýrdening temperrature.

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H HP-ItH - 0)w. (d401 H W q 4-P C

m~ +3 0)ir

-"P

4-1 rd H~ iý

-P I -H 14'. H - 4-() COa &n

Ci- 01 0~ Q) I r

C0 0* H4-:1H

U-N 0 H0 -. O

4j 0 CJ N 1H 0 C 4-

to~J 51C p (1)Q) (.4 16) -1t= 4Z

V) wl(1 d 00

LIU 000 N 00 4.'J 4C'J+;

*~~~~ H I-H t- Sr-U C0H Q 0)0 00

CP 04.H 00-H 00)4-4S r- i :

-Hr P4, 0-H)C 4-

0).C' HI H Z I a) r4'0 . q tE0 rO Al co~r- ' V) 0H P-P )*-

rQ -,o0~-r4 V Il ~ I 0)1 4 0)

H± 'r-t 0N-~ P 4 1 ) +~

CVUp) 0-~ 0.) H a K00

44,0 "c 0 C. c4-ý%~ rA 0 0 rIa

V UW w w-w --o

TABLE II 1Resulto of Rc Hardness Suirveye

Ameri-an Cast Plates•:' ~~Repair """'Weld As Welded Stress Relieved Drawn Quenched & Drawn

Depth JB CD X AB CD EF AB CD C" A B CD EF

____1- -- _ 14 B 5UAOE150 21.0 12.0 9.5 2145 i4,5 13.0 21.o 10:5 .T o 8.5

95 23.0 11.5 11. 22.5 13.5 1 .5 22.0 11.5 .5 23-5 9.8.0 21.0 12,5 10.0 19.5 11.0 10.0 19,0 12.5 5.5 21.0 7.5

114.0 20.5 13.0 10.5 20.5 10.5 9.0 18.5 12.5 3.5 21,5 7.0 .2" 9.5 22.0 NI.0 11.0 21.-5 110 10.5 19.0 13.0 -.5 18.0 8.0

1;.5 2;o5 l;.5 15,5 22.0 l100 13.5 23.5 10.5 10.0 15.0 9.519.0 2 .0 13.5 15.5 23.0 9.0 lb.5 2P.0 13.5 11.0 23.5 8.51.o 11 o1 12.o 11.5 2 o 9.5

14.5 11.0 1 00 91.14.o 1o010 iN o 5-5 •16.5 10.5 15.5 11n517.0 11.0

B 1j44 B 107 B 61 AL117316.0 21.5 12.5 13.o0 20,5 10.5 11.5 21.0 11&5 5,5 17.5 6,513.5 22.0 11.5 12o5 21.5 10.5 7.5 20.0 10.0 5-5 23.5 6.51 .5 20.5 13-5 10o5 20.5 11-5 8.5 18.5 10.5 b.5 21.5 5.512.5 17.5 15.5 L5- 19.5 11,0 8.0 15.5 9.0 7.0 21,5 5.511 18.5 11.5 11.0 19.5 11.0 7 15.5 9.5 5 20,5 7.0

1-3/1" 12_a 21.5 13.0 1145 23,0 11.5 9 15.5 10.5 75 22.5 6.5i5 21.0 12.5 13,5 22.5 11.5 1 r, 21,o 9.5 9.9 23.5 .0o11.0 11.5 11o0 20.5 11.5 = 20.0 9.5 1 05 22.0 8.01_5.. 1i4.5 ý'--- 12.5 155 19.5 11.5 -5 7.525. 14.5 20.0 13.0 16.0 13.5 15 9.0

15.5 15,0 15.5 9.51810

B 143 B98ý B67A19

15.0 21,5 1 .0 11.0 20.5 12.0 8-5 13.0 7-5 4.5 19.5 6.515.5 20.0 1N.0 12.0 19-5 12.5 10.5 18.0 11.5 5,5 19.5 5.515.5 19.5 15.5 11.5 17.5 14.5 6.5 17.5 10.5 5.0 19.0 5-5 L15.5 19,5 15.5 11.0 15.5 14.o 8,5 16.5 9.5 5.0 17.0 .516.5 19.5 15,0 15.5 21,0 11.5 10.5 15.0 0,5 7:5 4.023-5 20.5 15.5 lb.5 19.0 13.0 17,0 17.0 9.0 19,0 19.5 4:522.5 21.5 12.0 15.5 12.5 13,0 19.5 10.0 21.0 20.5 5.5

17.5 14.5 8.5 20.5 20.0 )40o15.5 13.5 10.0 41517.0 1Z.5 11.5 7.015,0 16.5 7,0

16.0 21i5 13.5 1O.O 16.5 So 10.0 19.5 9:5 1.5 17.5 5.516,5 23.0 15,0 19.5 11.0 .0 21,0 11.0 b5 17.5 7.5

3.0 i9.o 12 i7,0 11 k. 9 17.5 11-5 9.0 17-5 6.0 •161 20.0 17.5 I .5 11.0 1 14.5 9.0 16.5 6.510' 1N-5 12eo5 1.5 11.O ig.o ii i 6.0 7.5 ..i" • .0 15.5 19.0 10.0 3. 0 20.0 9.5 ! 16.5 7.0P. 20.0 15.0 7.0 20.0 12.5 20.5 10.5 1 is.0 18.5 7.5

m1~45 S12.5 1 15 i.0 1 7.5 8.51 i.5 20°0 i _.5 _ n1o 10 7.5

20. 7-. 0 11.0 20.0 8.021.5 16 5 18.0 i6.o 21.5 14.o 21.-5 g.o20.0 15.0 18.5 20.5 19.5 17.0 7.0

NOTM: Underlined readings taken at 1/8 inch spacing.

-• - - -0. -

.4 TABLE II (coITT'D)

Continental Cast PlatesRepairWeld As Welded Stress-Relieved Drawn Queonchled 61 Drawneth AB CD E' AB CD LF AB CD ~1F AB CD EF

____ - ..12 - 69;-76~35-l20.5 22.0 17.5 16.5 16.5 114.5 11.5 19.5 9.5 4-5 22.0 3o5

15.021: 1 7* 16.0 16.5 16.5 10.5 11.0 0-5 452:15.-5 3. 19 .5 165 6: 12. - 0 1.6Nb.6 22. lb5 19- 16' ý : 5 10.6 4: 119.5 215 18.5 18.0 18.5 140 7.01.02. 6.0 219~ . *-

20.5 23.0 16.0 20.5 19.0 16.0 15.0 18.0 11.5 5.5 20o5 3.520.0 21.0 19,5 20.0 1.6.5 16.5 9.5 11.5 5.0 22.5 5.0

N411.1 0 12.__ __ __ __ __ __ _ __ __ __ __ __ _12.5 3.5

69566S42-14 6765- 69-1415,5 23-0 13.51ý5 21.5 18.0 11.5 20.5 9.5 10.5 23.5 11.014,5 35 13.51 5 20,,5 16.5 l1b5 21.5 12-5 10.5 22.5 9-5

1652.0l-.5 13-0 20.0 13.5 10,0 20,5 11.5 1005 21-5 9.512.5 22-5 15.0 15,0 19.5 15.5 15 21.5 13. .1. .13.5 22:5 14:.5 14~Ž 20:5 13.5 i 22.0 12.0 i2 . 9.510U.5 23.5 1~4 5 L= 20.5 16.5 E. 21.5 1~4.0 10.0 20.5 10.5

*1-3/414 13.5 23.0 15.0 1.521.5 17.5 12. 23.5 14.5 11- 215 1-0.5I=13.5 2_F._ 20.5 18.5 16-.0 22.5 15.0 120 2. 10.5

0915.0 20.0 17.5 197 ~ 14.5 110.000 701-51 10.5

170___16.0 222.5 1000

19. 11.0 6.5

69716965-11 1033-3*20.0 23.5 15.0 17.0 22.5 12.5 20.5 21.5 13.5 14.5 23.5 12.5

114.5 214:5 16-5 11.5 22.5 12.5 16.5 21,5 0.5 10.5 24.5 12.018.0 22.5 16-5 11.5 22.5 13.5 13.0 20.5 11-5 11.5 21.0 12Q5114.5 20.0 17.0 12.5 23.0 13.0 1000 19.5 11.5 10.5 22.0 11.511.,5 22.0 17.5 16.5' 23.0 9.5 13.5 20.5 10.5 17.0 21.5 10,5

5,2)4.5 20.0 15.5 20o5 2L1.0 13-5 12.0 20.5 7-5 20.5 22.5 8.01-3/1" 214.0 23-5 19-5 26.5 23.5 13-,5 20.0 22.5 10,5 23.5 23.0 9.5

214.5 23.5 10.0 21,5 22,5 13.0 21.0 1105 22.5 8.519.0 19.0 11.5 9.520-5 11.5 9.020o0 i14-5

695864-*68142-2 68142-a17.0 2~4.o 14.5 19.5 18.5 17.5 17.5 21.,0 1.2.5 12.0 25.5 8.515.0 23.5 16:5 19, 18.0 17.5 15.5 20,5 13.0 9.5 2J. 0 11.0

1~21.5 i14 b 9 195 17.0 L12. 20.5 13.5 -25 11.0'ý 4514-5 19,0 1901 _0_351951_5 8 2: 11.0

12r 214.5 15.5l~5 19:5 1605 19-0 13-5 N 25.10-5

2" 0 25.0 20.0 17.5 -178,-0 22.5 12:51ý.5 iE25.0 .55

25. 21.5g: 13.0 ____ý 10.521.0 17.0 21, 5 22. 11.5 .2-a3. 5 10.5

17.5 P233 12.0 7J5-.1 10.,5*23.5 20.0 23.5 16.0 25.5 11.5

16.5

*Inadequate sample -taken near end of weld.

*~~~~~ .- - - - -

TABLE III

Charpy Impact Results

Depth Charpy Impact Values - Ft. Lbs.of Testing As Welded Stress.-Relieved Drawn Qaenched & Drawn

"Repair Temp, Weld Plate Weld Plate 'eld Plato Weld Plate

American Cast Plates

211 700o 103 53 100 oo 91113 55 93 93 97 .

-4_)oF 29 4S 29 6o 7339 53 39 47 100 :

0( )F 32 47 lOS 46 112 56 1o6 6675 46 9g 46 119 59 96 67

_.0 32 39 37 31 27 53 29 5211 36 42 36 52 56 33 49

"Continental Cast Plates

,r 70o 107 47 74 101 132122 51 56 134 132

-4_OOF 22 36 31 128* 9422 33 25 45 95

-" 700 92 1i q5 22 120 46 117 4I r74 7 1.7 86 22 ll4 48 129 49

_4oOF W7 26 37 9 105* 33 91 3513 27 4 11 21 27 71 27

*Weld metal defect pi •sent - split fracture.

4b

... .. ... ... . . ..- ... .- ". . . " ". .. .... ": •..'.-- -;.-

44Z

44

Ni

WATERTOWN ARSENALMACROETCIIED SECTIONS THROUGH REPAIR WELDS IN AMERICAN CAST ARM4OR BALLISTIC TEST PLATESAS WELDED. PLATE 8113 - DEPTH Or WELDO FULL T7,ICKNESS. PLATE 0144 -DEPTH Or WELo aI434 INCHES. PIATE: 6143 -DEPTH OF WELDI 1 3/ INCHES. PLATE 813i1 DEPTH Or WELD :IICH. MAO. X 3/4. 11 JAN 1Q45 WTN. 121-606

N FIQ. I

EIN ldxJ INJVNNH3AOD IV UJujflUj()udpI

IL ;L.).,

WATERTOWN ARSEN4AL

MACROETCHEI) SAMPLES THROUGH4 REPAIR WELDS IN CONTINENTAL CAST ARMOR BALLISTIC TEST PLATESAS WELDED. PLATE 6795-9 DEPTH OF WELD: FULL T"ICKNESS. PLATE 6965-6 DEPTH OF WELD :I 3/INH. PL$ATE 6965-7 DEPTH OF WELD: I 3/8 INCHES. PLATE 6965-8 DEPTH OF WELD 2I ;CH. MAO. X 3/4. 12 JAN 19645 WTN. 121-607

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)Iaoroetched Samples through Repair Void@ in Co'ntinental Oset Armor

Baillistic Test Plates - Variously Heat Treated. Plate 68)42-7: (In-

.Moqvte Sample - Taken Near lAnd of Weld) One Inch Deep Well-,Stress

Relieved. after Welding; Plate 684~2-2t One Inch Deep Void-Drawn after

Weiding; Plate 69I42- 9 1 Ons Inch Deep Veld-Qjieni~hed and. Drawn after

Welding. xag. x 3/14 mY. 121-615

Figure 3.

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Wield dIlpth: 2~z 1/4~ inch a~pp~cing

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4COOLING RATEIDEG. F PER SECOND AT 1300,F.0 0 gooo 0 <> 0

S---• .. . .v I--

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*~ 0i

2 0 -4 7 L1.It7L.- --.-------------

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DISTANWE FROM WATER COOLED END OF STAMDARIP"HARDENABILITY BAR- SIXTEENTHS

PLATE HEAT QUENCHNO._ NO.01C1NVs -6 5PIN1R T

NO- -- • Aljle1 7 iiC~s?:O1 rE

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NARDENABILITY BAR- SIXTEENTHSPLAT1E HEAT, OUENGN

No. N ."C4MSI s Ip N1fORO I LTUBT G.S

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ARMY S•IVI'C' FORCES

OFFICE 0F THE CHInp OF ORDNANCE- D 0TROIT

DETROIT 32, MIOCIGAN

0014470.5/Wtn Are. (4-4-44)

Boucherf fbAttention &t. 2994 24 q.'

4 April 1944

"Subject: Repair Welded Cast Armor Specimens

To., Commanding OfficerWatertown ArsenalWatertown 72, Massachusetts

Attn: Laboratory

19 The attached directive is submitted for your information

in connection with Project 1103 this office. Also attached is copy

of first indorsement, file 004 470.5/WA (13 Mar. 4•L), Wtn 470,5/9102,

which requested information on four plates previously submitted by

Contiiientrl Roll & Steel Foundry rnd American Steel Foundries. It

is requested that the same information be obtained on specimens which

will be shipped to you by Aberdeen Proving Ground after firing, in

accordance with the requirements of this directive.

By order of the Chief of Ordnpnce:

(s) John F. Randall (for)Covptain, Ord. Dept.

"W t) D C. PIPPLMajor, Ord. Dept.~Assistant

I Incl- Copy of letter to APG,

31 Iar. 44, w/incls.

iI -

,'i ~COPY •

4rr

-1. . . v . - -

-. 4 . -p.* *4. -. 4.

COPY

Boucher/f '""" xt.2994- 24 Fl.

SPOMZ-X31 March 1944

Subject: Repnir '.eldod Crtst Armor Specimens

To: The DirectorOrdnonce Research CenterAberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland

Attn: Armor Branch

1. Production Order Nos. T12792 and T12795 hpve been issued toContinental Roll & Steel Foundry and American Steel Foundries for a totalof 96 welded specimens which will be m-de in accordance with the instructionsset forth by this office in the request for quotation. A copy of therequest for quotation to Amoricnn Steel Foundries is attached. Thesame request was sent to Continental. All plates covered by theseproduction orders will be marked "Project 1103%

¶ 2. These specimens are being submitted for the determination of- ballistic and shock results of repair welds made with ferritic electrodes

under varying conditions, i.e., depth of repair and heat treatment.

"3. It is believed P.dvisable to withhold the testing of any sreci-mens until the complete series is received from one source, i.e., Continental ±"or American. If, for examiple, all specimens are received from American -Steel Foundries, testing should be withheld on specimens from Continentaluntil the complete series from American has been tested, as it may bedesirable to amend the testing procedure as established herein. Thisoffice should be advised as to the nrogress and the rcsults of thisprogram.

14. The plate shall be tested as follows:

a. One plate representing each depth of repair and each heattreatment condition shall be tested for resistance to shock, using 90-mm.proof projectiles. (If these projectiles are not available or you be-lieve them to be unsuitable, it is recom~mended that your station indorse Lthis file back to this office and recommend what you would consider to be"a satisfactory test).

b. One elate representing each depth of repair and each heat* treatment condition Ihall be tested for the establishment of ballistic

limit in the welded area and unaffected TPlato at 0 obliquity. In thisseries the front of the plate shall be facinp the piece. 37-m-. A.P.M7T4 projectiles ehall 'be used.

c. One plato representing each depth of repair and eonch heat* , treatment condition shall be tested for the establishment of ballistic

limit in the welded area and unaffected plate at 0O obliquity. In thisseries the rear of the plate shall be facing the piece. 37-mm. A.P. M714-projectiles shall be used.

- ii- 7-7.r'

COPY

To: Abordeen Proving Ground 31 March 194

do Any additional tnstinr may be conducted at the discretionof your station,

,. Specimens 411 x 10" shall be taken across the weld, preferablya section which ccnt ins no impacts end sent to Watertown Arsenal,attention of Laboratory. These specimens should be mi.rked suitably sothat they mny be properly identified with the plp.te from which theywore taken. WJatertown will then condluct a series of physical and metal-lurgical tests.

6. Tho materinl submitted on these production orders is Governmentowned, and o.t the completion of the tevsts and removal of samples, thenatcrial may be disposed of in Pccordanco with Army rogulations.

7. Distribution of reports should include ono copy to ya.tionalResearch Council, nttortion of 1Ir. G, S. ."ikhalapov.

By order of the Chief of Ordnance:

Ei.I .L.CTHDS

Colonel, Ord. Dept.

A sisttnt

- 2 Incls.2ii Incl, I - Copy of letter to Am'ýrican Steel

Foundries, w/Incls., 17 Dnc. 43Incl. 2- Copy of 1st lL. to Watertovrm Arsenal,

17 March )44

cc Col. E. L. Cummings - SPOME-Xcc OCO-linshington, SPOTBcc Development Branchcc 1,Wtertown Arsenal

9 W1

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�� WAR TMARTKENT

"AA•MY SERVICO FORCES

OFFICE OF TR{E CHIEF OF ORMU..NCE

T•N•K-ATJTOMOTIVE CENTER

Union Guardian Building Dalcher/dw299h./24th rl. %

Attention Detroit 26, Michigan"SPOMb-ZE

"17 December 19)43

American Steel Foundries410 North Michigan Ave.

* -. Chicago, Illinois

Attention: l1r, A. J. McDonald

"Gentlemen:

This office if conducting a series of tests to ascertain thelimits which may safely be allowed for cmt arrmor repair, utilizing presentlyavailable welding electrodes. Your cooperation in this program is requested,and, accordingly, this office would appreciate receiving your quotation forthe specimens described below.

Specimens Required. A total of forty-eight (4S) specimens will be Lrequired, consisting of cast ýtrmor pl.%te 2 11 x 36" x 36", prepared with acavity and repaired by welding< as shown in Sketch 1 attached. The plates -will be welded in various conditions of heat tre,tment and subjected tovarious heat treatments after welding ras fcllcws;

a. Plates Prepared an_ Welded in Accordnnce with Oonditions ofSeries "a" as shown in Sketch 1. (12 Plates)

(1) Three (3) plates welded in the normalized conditionand fully heat treated after welding.

0(2) Three (3) plates welded in the fully heat treated condition

and subjected after welding to the draw temperature and timeat temperatures normally used for the armor compositioninvolved.

(3) Three (3) plates welded in the fully heat treated condition -Land subjected Pfter welding to stress relieving at 1100IF.for one hour i)er inch of thickness.

(4) Three (3) nlates welded in the fully heat treated conditionand given no heat treatment after welding.

b. Plates Prepared end Welded in Accordance with Conditions of"Series "b" as shown in Sketch 1. (12 Plates)

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(I) Three (3) plates welded in the normalized condition and.fully heat treated after welding.

"." (2) Three (3) plates welded in the fully heat treatedcondition and subjected after iwelding to the drawtemperature and time at temperature normnlly used forthe armor composition involved.

(3) Three (3) plates welded in the fully heat treatedcondition and subjected aftýr welding to stress relievingat 110017, for one hour ner inch of thickness.

(4) Three (3) plates welded in the fully heat trentedcondition and given no heat treatment after welding,

c. Plates Prepared and Welded in Accordance with Conditions ofSeries "c" as shown in Sketch 1. (12 Plates)

(1) Three (3) plates welded in the normalized conditionand fully hont treated nfter welding.

(2) Three (3) p1lqtes weld ed in the fully heat treatedcondition nzind subjected after welding to the drawn

- temperature and time at temnorature normally usedd forthe armor cormosition involved.

(3) Throe (3) plates welded in the fully hent tra?, tedcondition and subjected after welding to stress relieving

, . -at l3.00'F, for ono hour ner inch of thickness.

(4) Three (3) nlates welded in the fully hea.t treated

condition -and given no heat treatmont after welding.

d. Plates Prepared ,and •'iolded in Accordance with Condtitions ofseries "d" as shown in Sketch 1 (12 Plates)

"(I) Three (3) plates w,•elded in the normalizec, conrlitionand fully heat treated after welding.

(2) Three (3) plates welded in the fully heeat treantedcondition .ýr subjected after welding to the draw

- temperature and time at tem.perature normally used forthe armor composition Involved*

(3) Three (3) plates welded In the fully heat treatcdcondition and subjected after welding to stress relievingat 1100F, for one hour per inch of thickness,

(4) Three (3) plates welded in the fully heat treatedcondition a,,nd civen no heat treatment Pofter welding.

Armor Plate Requirements.

a. The armor elates used for these specimens shall be fromballistically appioved heats in nccordrtnce with Specification AXSe-492,

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Te: Amerioan Steel Foundries 17 December 1943

Revision 3, Amendment 1, The plates need not be from the same heant, but mustbe in the same composition range.

b. The plate ma•terial shnll be subject to radiographic ex~aminationand shall meet the requirements of Specification AXS-476 and. Standard III ofAppendix II of that specification. One plete of epich twelve plrtes requiredunder Subparagraphs a, b, c, and d of "Specimens Required" shall be completelyradiographed. The film sizes and locations shall be "s shown in Sketch 2.

cc. Each plate shall be tested for Brinell hardness in not lessthan four places, two on each side and preferably at opposite corners, andshall be within the declared hardness rpnge for this class of armor.

Weld Requirements

a. Electrodes for woeling these specimens will be furnished at nocost by the 'National Research Council and will carry the designation, IINR(-2A".

b. The plites will be preheated prior to welding to a, temperatureto be specified by this office. The preheating temperature will not be lessthan 200*F., but the exact teoTperature will be determined )fter examination ofdata on restrained joint tests now being conducted at your plant*

c. The interpass temperature shall be measured for each specimenat the point indicated on Sketch 1. It shall not be less than the preheattemperature nor more than 1501F. above the preheat temperaýture.

d. Reenforcement of welds shall be ground flush with the platesurface.

e. The welds shall be subject to radiographic examination and shall.meet the requirements of Specification lXS-476 and Standard II of Appendix Iof that specificvtionf The welded aýrea, of each plate shall be radiographedcompletely. The size anl locationi of the radiographs shnll be as shown in"Sketch 2,

Fiber Test Specimens.

* Each plate shall have two fracture test blocks attached at the timeof heat treatment. One snecimen shall be broken ,n. interpreted at your plant;and the others shall be sent to "Fatertown Arsenl, with the proper compositionaind heat treatment information, to I)e broken by '!,tertown Arsenal so thet acomparison may be mae of the interpretations of the srecimens. The fiber testspecimens shall show a completely fiProus structure before the plates will be

* accepted.

Data to be Furnished.

Complete G-S-2 an-1 WULS-2 forms marked, "Experimental", shall befurnished for each specimon unless the plrte material is from the same heatand the weld proe~dures are simila.r.

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Tot American Steel Foundries 17 December 19143

Please trinsmit your quotation to the Chicago Ordnance DistrictP nfd, in addition, forward four copies to the Tnnk-Automotive Center for theattention of the Armor and '1elding Group, Engineering oection, Engineering--, Manufacturing Branch.

Inasmuch as the exrporiments mentioned in the first paragraph mustbe conducted as soon as possible, aNything you cePn do to oxT)edite this --

quotation will be appreciated. This request is not to be considered as anordqr.

For the Chief of Ordnancco V

Very triily yo)urs,

Major, Ord. Dept.Assistpnt

2 Incls:Incl 1 - Sketch 1-Incl 2 - Sketch 2

CC: Chicago Ordnance District

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COPY F0CM 470.5/WA. (13 Ma.44) let Ind* Boucher/fbAttn: SPOME-EM &t.2994 - 24 J')*

wm!T 470.5/9102K

Armyr Service Forces, Office, Chief of Ordnance -Detroit, Detroit 32,rMichigan, 17 March 1944.

To: Commanding Officer, WTatortown Arsenal, V~atertown 72, Massachusette.

1. A total of four .ontes wo, -ero submitted by American Stool Foundriesand Continentanl Roll & Stool Foundry Company for the determination ofresistance to penetration in a~n area composed entirely of 1,.eld metal., Thepla~tes wore welded. in the normalized condition with 1\RC-2JA electrodes, andaf ter welding yore quenchedt -nrl dr,-wn.

2. The results of the testing, as well as details of the fabricationand heat treatment, are recorded in Abcrd~ecn Bepor-' Nos. A12571 a~ni A12572,copies of which nre PAt your station.

3. Specimens 2t' wicle x 91 long ha-ve been taken across the weldledsection. These specimens haýve at least 111 of plate material on e'rch end.It is the understpaning of this office tha~t Aberdeen has forwardneq thesesnec;inens to yrour str~tion. It is roquestedt that thJe following information

q boe obtained.F

as Photo-micrographs of weldl metal and -plate ma~terial at diepths

of 3/16", 1/2" and, 1" froi, the surface of the -plate.

In the event tha~t th& sections aýre of sufficient size, the followingadc'..itional information is roquested.

a. 505 all1 weld1ý metal snecimens.

bo En,' quench Jomiriy datn. - ),I! iweldl metal.

4. it is exnoctedý tha-t the facilities will make simila~r studieswhen the pQlates are returnedl. Your cnoopera~tion- in obtaining this 8ata isappreciated.*

By order of ti-e Chief of Orrdnance:

(s/t) D. C. PIPPELMajor, Or,!, De-pt.Assistaint

KSubject: Repair of Armor Ca-stings

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COPYWtn 470. 5/9122AlooM 4.7o.51.hn•' Ars. (4/4/44.b) .. :Attn: SPOME-EE let Inmd. Herres/ oa ahk"

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ALSF, Watertown Arsenal, ;Iatertown 72, Massechusetts. 6 September 1944,.

To: Conmmnding Genoral, Office, Chief of Orclnance-betroit, Union GuardianBuilding, Detroit 32, Michigan. Attn. SPOM-1!

1. Reference 2nd Indorsement transmitting Memorandum Report No.xL 647/7, entitled "Repair Welded Cast Armor - Metallurgical Examination ofSamples from Four Ballistically Tested 2-Inch Thick Plates,' which completesthe exanmination of the four plates previously submitted by Continental Rolland Steel Foundries and American Steel Foundries.

"2. With regard to examinetion of the subject 96 repair welded castarmor specimens, the following program of exanination is submitted for hisconcurrence: Representative sm".le to be selected. from each group of threesimilarly processed plates (suiie depth of weld, heat treatment, Rnd armormanufacturer) on the basis of results of ballistic tests. The followingseries of tests to be run on oech representative sample: (1) Hardness to bedetermined by Rockwell C surveys through section of weld heat-affected zoneand base metal; (2) Toughness to be determined by Charpy V-notch impactspecimens of weld and rplate metrals teste. at +70' 0' -and -4oe F.; (3) Sound-ness to be determined by nr.croetching sections through repair welded areas.In ,addition, Joniny hardonabilit'r determinations and microexaminaItion will bemade on one ,arple represontinr each heat-trert condition end armor manu-facturor; chock chemical analyses will be taken on representative base Pndweld metals; and nick-break fracture test will be attempted and if foundpractical will be correlated with Charpy impact test data,

3. Sixty-four of the samples have thus far been received from AberdeeniProving Ground. Examinntion will begin upon receipt of his comments on theabove-outlined program.

For the Commanning Officer:

(s) C. M. SCH..ITT-M (for)Major, Ord. Dept. =

(t) H. H. ZORNIGColonel, Ord. Dept*

1 Incl. w/d Assistant

OOM 4705./%%A (4 Apr. )414)Attn: SPOME--E Boucher/fb.wA 470.5/9122 2nd Ind. 2994. - 2)4 Fi. ' "

Army Sexvice Forces, Office, Chief of Ordnance-Detroit, Detroit 12, Michigan

12 September 1944.

To: Commanding Officer, Watertown Arsenal, Watertown, Massachusetts.

i. This office concurs in pF.ragraph 2 of the first indorsement.

By order of the Chief of Ordnance:

(s/t) D. C. PIPPELi4ejor, Ord. Dept.Assistant

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WAR DEPARTMENT

"ABER N PROVING GROUND

MARYLAN~D

9 September 1944

"Subject: Repair Welded Cast Armor Specimens;Office, Chief of Ordnance-DetroitProject No. ll39

To: Commanding OfficerWatertown ArsenalWatertown, Massachusetts

Attn: Labort1tory Section

e. In accordance with Paragraph 5 of the directive from theOffice, Chief of Ordnance-Detroit, lettar file OOM 470.5/APG (3-31/44),APG 470.5/5439, as amended by teletype, Office, Chief of Ordnance-Detroit 71596 dated I'l April 1944, this station hes shippod to WatertownArsJenal thirty (30) sm.•les from the Continental Foundry and MachineCompany cnst homogeneous rniair welderd plates approxlmately 12"x12"x211.

2, Each sampnle is rna•,ked with the sorial number of the plate. Itwill be appreciated if your office will furnish this station complete"results of the metallurgica. survey*

3- Originally, it was intended to ship your station thirty-two(32) samples from the Continental Foundry and 1achino Company plates buttwo plates were so b"ndly broken thpot it was irmossible to obtnin a sample •Ijsuitable for your requiroments.

'4. This shipment of thirty (30) samples will make a total ofninety-four (94) samplcs forwarded your station (forty-eight (14) fromAmerican Steel Foundries plates and forty-six (46) from ContinentalFoundry and Machine Compnny). This completes the programe

For the Commandinr, General:

(s) J. Coileran (for)

(t) G. G. BEDDYColonel, Ord. Dept. - "Director,Ordn•nce Research & Development .

Project No. 3891 (337 JW4-l154 Center! , i , - '

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