oyo state agricultural development …€¦ · varieties for yield and acceptability by farmers in...

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OYO STATE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

(OYSADEP)

2017 ON- FARM ADAPTIVE RESEARCH (OFAR) PROPOSALS

PRESENTED AT THE SECTORAL REVIEW MEETING OF SOUTH WEST

AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME/ AUTHORITY

HELD

AT

INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING (IAR&T)

MOOR PLANTATION, IBADAN.

8TH- 9TH MARCH, 2017

2

CROPS

1. TITLE: ON FARM EVALUATION OF YELLOW QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE (QPM)

VARIETIES FOR YIELD AND ACCEPTABILITY BY FARMERS IN OYO STATE

SOURCE OF TECHNOLOGY: IAR/IITA

STATUS: Approved for 2016 but not implemented

JUSTIFICATION

Maize (Zea mays L) is cultivated on a large scale in Oyo State. In 2013 alone, 277,110 metric

tonnes of maize was produced in the State. Many farmers grow this crop either to meet

household consumption or as major raw material for agro allied industries (livestock feeds,

brewery industries and for confectionaries).

However, the protein level of local Maize variety is quite low (10 – 12%). Yellow QPM has not

been grown, promoted and marketed in Southern Nigeria. Yellow QPM contains carotene in

addition to both Lysine and Tryptophan unlike white QPM.

Institute of Agricultural Research (IAR) and International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

(IITA) has developed Yellow QPM, hence the need to introduce this variety to farmers in Oyo

State for possible adoption. If adopted, it will assist in correcting nutrition related diseases such

as protein deficiency in children, nursing mothers and women.

OBJECTIVES

1) To evaluate Yellow QPM varieties for possible adoption and mass production in Oyo

State.

2) To evaluate them for yield potentials and economic benefits.

MATERIALS & METHODS:

T1 - SAMMAZ 32

T2 - BR 9928 DMR – Y

T3 - SUWAN Yellow

DESIGN: - Randomized Complete Block design (RCBD)

3

NO OF REPLICATE: - 12

PLOT SIZE - 10mx10m

SPACING - 75cm x 50cm (2 seeds/hole)

FERTILIZER APPLICATION - 200kg NPK and 100kg Urea/Ha

DURATION - 4 months

DATA TO BE COLLECTED:

- Establishment count

- Days to 50% Silking

- Days to 50% Tasselling

- Number of cobs/plot

- Yield of Maize in t/ha (Field weight and Grain yield)

- Cost of Production

- Net Returns and Marginal Returns

The data collected shall be subjected to both Statistical and economic analyses.

TABLE: 1 FINANCIAL IMPLICATION

S/N ACTIVITY QTY RATE

N

AMOUNT

N

1. Identification of collaborators 12 1,500,00 18,000.00

2. Procurement of maize seeds 25 kg 200.00 5,000.00

3. Procurement of fertilizer (urea &NPK) 300 kg 6,000.00 36,000.00

4. Land preparation: brushing, packing and heaping 30 man/day 1,000.00 30,000.00

5. Planting of maize 12 man/day 700.00 8,400.00

6. Weed control 30 man/day 800.00 24,000.00

7. Data collection and field inspection by SMSs Lump - 60,000.00

8. Supervision by Headquarter staff Lump - 30,000.00

9. Joint visit by Scientist and ADP Staff Lump - 40,000.00

10. Data Collation, analysis and report preparation Lump - 25,000.00

11. Labelling - - 6,000.00

TOTAL - - 282,400.00

4

TABLE 2: TIME LINE CHART

S/N ACTIVITY J F M A M J J A S O N D

1. Identification of

collaborators

2. Seed procurement

3. Land preparation

4. Planting of maize

5. Weeding

6. Data collection by SMSs

7. Supervision by

Headquarter staff

8. Joint visit by Scientist and

ADP Staff

9. Data collation and report

preparation

TABLE 3: FINANCIAL SCHEDULE

S/N ACTIVITY 1ST

QUARTER

2ND

QUARTER

3RD

QUARTER

4TH

QUARTER

1. Identification of collaborators 18,000.00

2. Procurement of inputs 41,000.00

3. Land Preparation 30,000.00

4. Planting of maize 8,400.00

5. Weed control 24,000.00

6. Data collection by SMSs 60,000.00

7. Supervision by Headquarter staff 30,000.00

8. Joint visit by Scientist and ADP

Staff

40,000.00

9. Data collation, analysis and

report preparation

25,000.00

10. Labelling 6,000.00

TOTAL 24,000.00 71,000.00 162,400.00 25,000.00

GRAND TOTAL 282,400.00

5

TABLE 4: LOGICAL FRAME WORK FOR QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE (QPM)

VARIETY

NARRATIVE

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVELY

VERIFIABLE

INDICATORS

MEANS OF

VERIFICATION

ASSUMPTIONS

GOAL To increase yield of

maize and improve

nutrition and health

status of farmers

- Increase in yield per

unit area of land.

- Boost protein

consumption

- Field visits

- weighing of

crops yield

- Droughts

- Pest Outbreak

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the yield

performance and

increase quality of

maize.

- Growth

characteristics

- Yield performance

- Economic analysis

- Regular field

visits

-Timely

implementation of

all cultural

practices.

-Unforeseen weather

effect

-Active participation of

Collaborating farmers

INPUTS Yellow Quality

Protein Maize

seeds, fertilizer,

weighing scale.

Receipts, assessments

of human and

material resources

Timely field visits - Prompt release of

funds.

-Availability of vehicle.

OUTPUTS - Increase in maize

production

- High plane of

nutrition

- Increase in number

and size of cobs with

high lysine and

tryptophan.

- Field Visits

- Overall result of

the trial

-Poor Management of

the farm.

- Delay in fund release.

- Bad weather

6

2. TITLE: ON FARM EVALUATION OF NEWLY DEVELOPED SOYABEAN

VARIETIES IN OYO STATE

SOURCE OF TECHNOLOGY: IAR&T


JUSTIFICATION

Soya bean (Glycine max) is a popular crop in Oyo State and farmers in the State have been

feeding livestock feed millers and some other companies with this important crop. The

associated increase in demand for the crop by these industries requires commensurate increase in

production through yield increase, hence the need to carry out this trial for adaptability and

possible adoption by farmers.

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) in collaboration with Institute of

Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T) is promoting some new varieties (TGX 1805-17F,

TGX 1904-16F) which are high yielding. There is the need to evaluate these new varieties on

farmer’s field so as to compare their performance with already released and adopted variety

(TGX 1448-2E).

OBJECTIVES

1) To evaluate the yield potential and acceptability of these newly developed varieties.

2) To assess economic benefits

MATERIALS & METHODS:

TREATMENT: 3

T1 - TGX 1805-17F

T2 - TGX 1904-16F

T3 - TGX 1448-2E (farmers‘ variety)

DESIGN: - RCBD

7

NO OF REPLICATE: - 12

PLOT SITE - 10mx10m

SPACING - 75cm x 5cm (Drilling)

DURATION - 4 months


- Reaction to pest and diseases

- Yield of soyabeans in t/ha

The data collected shall be subjected to both Statistical and economic analyses.

TABLE 1: FINANCIAL IMPLICATION FOR SOYABEAN TRIAL

S/N ACTIVITY QTY RATE N AMOUNT N

1. Identification of collaborators 12 1,500.00 18,000.00

2. Procurement of soyabean seeds 36 kg 200.00 7,200.00

3. Land preparation 30 man/day 1,000.00 30,000.00

4. Planting of soyabean 12 man/day 700.00 8,400.00

5. Weed control 30 man/day 800.00 24,000.00

6. Data collection and field inspection

by SMSs

Lump - 60,000.00

7. Supervision by Headquarter staff Lump - 30,000.00

8. Joint visit by Scientists and ADP staff Lump - 40,000.00

9. Harvesting and processing 16 man/day 1000.00 16,000.00

10. Data collation, analysis and report

preparation

Lump - 25,000.00

11. Labelling - - 6,000.00

TOTAL 264,600.00

8

TABLE 2: TIME LINE CHART

S/N ACTIVITY J F M A M J J A S O N D

1. Identification of

collaborators

2. Seed procurement

3. Land preparation

4. Planting of soyabean

5. Weeding

6. Data collection by

SMSs

7. Supervision by

Headquarter staff

8. Joint supervision by

scientists & ADP staff

9. Data collation and

report preparation

TABLE 3: FINANCIAL SCHEDULE

S/N ACTIVITY 1ST

QUARTER

2ND

QUARTER

3RD

QUARTER

4TH

QUARTER

1. Identification of collaborators 18,000.00

2. Procurement of inputs 7,200.00

3. Land Preparation 30,000.00

4. Planting of soyabean 8,400.00

5. Weed control 24,000.00

6. Data collection by SMSs 60,000.00

7. Supervision by Headquarter staff 30,000.00

8. Joint visit by Scientists and ADP

staff

40,000,00

9. Harvesting and processing 16,000.00

10. Data collation, analysis and

report preparation

25,000.00

11. Labelling 6,000.00

TOTAL 18,000.00 37,200.00 98,400.00 111,000.00

GRAND TOTAL 264,600.00

9

TABLE 4: LOGICAL FRAME WORK FOR SOYABEANS TRIAL

NARRATIVE

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVELY

VERIFIABLE

INDICATORS

MEANS OF

VERIFICATION

ASSUMPTIONS

GOAL To increase yield

and supply

soyabean grains

to the end users

Increase in yield

per unit area of land

- Regular field visits,

- Timely harvest

- Droughts

- Pest Outbreak

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the

yield

performance

over the existing

ones

- Growth

characteristics

- Yield

performance

- Economic

analysis

- Regular field visits

- Timely

implementation of all

cultural practices

- Timely harvest

- bad weather

- active participation

of Collaborating

farmers

INPUTS Soyabean seeds,

weighing scale,

working tools

Receipts,

assessments of

human and material

resources

- Timely field Visits - Prompt release of

funds.

Availability of

vehicle.

OUTPUTS - High yield of

Soyabean

- Increase in

farmers income

- High Quality of

soyabean grains.

- Field Visits

- Overall result of the

trial

-Poor Management

of the farm.

- Delay in fund

release.

- Bad weather

10

TABLE 5: 2017 MTRM SKILL DEVELOPMENT TOPICS FOR CROPS

JANUARY Control of pests and diseases in Fadama crops

FEBRUARY Planting of late yam

MARCH Planting of early season crops e.g. water melon and egusi melon

APRIL Transplanting of Pepper and Tomato seedlings

MAY Planting of root and tuber crops e.g. cassava

JUNE Planting of Upland rice

JULY Planting of second season crops: Soyabean, maize, cassava, sweet potato

etc.

AUGUST Planting of Cowpea and Cassava

SEPTEMBER Maintenance of late season crops: Insect Pest Control(IPM)

OCTOBER Planting of early season yam

NOVEMBER Harvesting, processing and storage of second season crops.

DECEMBER Land preparation and planting of Fadama crops

TABLE 6: 2017 MTRM SKILL DEVELOPMENT TOPICS FOR AGROFORESTRY

JANUARY Maintenance of tree crops: Cocoa Plantation

FEBRUARY Maintenance of tree crops II: Citrus, Plantain/Banana

MARCH Mushroom production techniques

APRIL Pre planting operations for tree crop: Lining, holing etc

MAY Planting of Plantain and Banana

JUNE Transplanting of tree crops seedling: Cocoa, oil palm , citrus etc

JULY Control of black pod disease, capsids, mirids in cocoa

AUGUST Control of fruit piercing moth in citrus.

SEPTEMBER Maintenance operations for tree crops

OCTOBER Nursery operations for cocoa and oil palm

NOVEMBER Maintenance of tree crops nursery: shading, wetting etc.

DECEMBER Fire prevention strategies in orchard

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LIVESTOCK

1. TITLE: EFFECT OF MAXIGRAIN® SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE UTILIZATION

OF MAIZE OFFAL- BASED DIETS FOR BROILERS

SOURCE: AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY (ABU), ZARIA


JUSTIFICATION:

Some of the major problems facing livestock farmers (especially poultry farmers) in Nigeria are

non- availability and high cost of conventional feed ingredients such as Maize, Soyabean etc.

There is competition between livestock and man for maize and this has led to high cost of maize

which constitutes about 30 – 60% of finished feed thus, resulting in high cost of livestock feed.

This therefore necessitates the need to source for locally available agro- industrial by- products

or waste such as Maize Offal (MO) to serve as cheaper substitute for maize.

Maize offal (MO) is available in large quantities but has high fibre content which is one of the

features of most of the locally available agro- industrial by- products thereby limiting their

utilization by young monogastric animals.

In order to increase the performance of broilers and reduce the cost of feed using these materials,

enzymes such as Maxigrain® (a multi- enzyme complex) can be added to maize offal- based feed

without any adverse effect.

Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria has established that inclusion of 15% and 20% Maize

Offal supplemented with exogenous enzymes such as Maxigrain® in the feed of broilers at both

the starter and finisher phases had no detrimental effects on growth, hence the need to confirm

this finding on the farmers’ field in Oyo State.

OBJECTIVES:

1 To compare the effect of Maxigrain® supplementation on the utilization of maize offal-

based diets on growth performance of broilers.

2. To reduce cost of feed using Maize Offal (MO).

3. To compare the cost effectiveness between the two diets.

12

MATERIALS AND METHODS

One Cooperator per zone will be selected making a total of four cooperators in the

State.

Each zone will serve as a replicate making four replicates

There will be two treatments

Treatment 1 – Maize Offal- based diet without Maxigrain®.

Treatment 2 – Maize Offal- based diet with Maxigrain®

A total of 200 day old broiler chicks shall be used for the experiment i.e. 25 broiler

chicks per treatment.

The broiler chicks will be fed with broiler starter for four weeks (0- 4weeks) and

broiler finisher for another four weeks (5 – 8 weeks).

The birds will be given clean cool water and feed ad libitum.

All necessary vaccination and veterinary care will be carried out.

After recording the initial weight, the weight will be taking weekly till the end of

the trial.

DURATION: 8 Weeks

FARMERS’ INVOLVEMENT

The farmers will provide housing, feeders, drinkers, brooding appliances and labour for

feeding, watering and other management practices.

DATA TO BE COLLECTED

1. Feed intake.

2. Weight gain.

3. Mortality.

4. Feed conversion ratio would be calculated

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data collected will be subjected to statistical analysis using t-test

and economic analysis (cost of feed/kg weight gain).

13

Table 1: COST ESTIMATE N K a. Purchase of 200 broiler chicks at N250/chick 50,000.00

b. Cost of broiler starter feed for 28 days (400kg) 40,000.00

c. Cost of broiler finisher feed (600kg) 60,000.00

d. Vaccination/ veterinary care 30,000 .00

e. Cost of fuelling for site selection at N3, 500/zone 14,000 .00

f. Cost of fuelling for weekly data collection atN20, 000/ zone 80,000.00

g. Monitoring by headquarter staff at N8,000 per zone

(Twice: before commencement of trial and during implementation) 64,000.00

h. Joint visit by scientists & ADP staff 50,000.00

i. Data processing and report writing 20,000.00

j. Contingencies (10%) 40,800.00

TOTAL 448,800.00

Table 2: Percentage composition of broiler diet

Ingredient 0-4 weeks 5-8 weeks

Treatment 1

Maize offal -

Maxigrain®

Treatment 2

Maize offal +

Maxigrain®

Treatment 1

Maize offal -

Maxigrain®

Treatment 2

Maize offal +

Maxigrain®

Maize 42.50 42.50 45.85 45.85

Maize offal 15 15.00 20 20.00

Soya bean meal 38.25 38.25 29.90 29.90

Bone meal 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50

Limestone 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Methionine 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10

Lysine 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10

Salt 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30

Vitamin premix 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25

Enzyme - 0.01 - 0.01

Total 100.00 100.01 100.00 100.01

Calculated Crude

Protein (%)

23.00 23.00 20 20

Calculated

Metabolizable Energy

(Kcal/kg)

2759 2759 2797 2797

14

Table 3: FINANCIAL SCHEDULE

1ST

Quarter

(N)

2ND

Quarter

(N)

3RD

Quarter

(N)

4TH Quarter

(N)

1 Purchase of 200 broilers chicks at

N250/chick

50,000.00

2 Cost of broiler starter feed 40,000.00

3 Cost of broiler finisher feed 60,000.00

4 Vaccination/ veterinary care 15,000.00 15,000.00

5 Cost of fuelling for site selection 14,000.00

6 Cost of fuelling for weekly data collection

at N20, 000/ zone

40,000.00 40,000.00

7 Monitoring by headquarter staff 32,000.00 32,000.00

8 Joint visit by scientists & ADP staff 25,000.00 25,000.00

9 Data processing and report writing 20,000.00

10 Contingencies 21,600.00 17,200.00 2,000.00

Total 237,600.00 189,200.00 22,000.00

Grand Total 448,800.00

Table 4: TIME- LINE CHART

S/N Activities Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

1 Selection of

Cooperators

2 Establishment of

Trial

3 Collection of Data

by SMSs

4 Headquarter

Supervision

5 OFAR Team visit

6 Data Analysis

15

Table 5: LOGICAL FRAME WORK

NARRATIVE

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVELY

VERIFIABLE

INDICATORS

MEANS OF

VERIFICATION

ASSUMPTION

GOAL To reduce cost of

feed

- Reduction in

feed cost.

- Higher income

from produce.

- Field visit.

- Record keeping.

OBJECTIVES 1. To compare the

effect of the

treatment on growth

performance of

broilers.

2. To reduce

cost of feed using

Maize offal.

3. To compare

the cost effectiveness

between the two

diets

- Weight change.

- Economic

analysis.

- Regular farm

visits.

- Weighing of

broilers

- Cost of feed.

- Availability of vehicle.

- Active participation of

collaborating farmers.

- Timely release of

fund.

OUTPUT - Increased broiler

production.

- Production at low

cost.

- Increase in farmer’s

income.

Good weight gain - Overall result of

trial.

- Field visit.

- Good management of

broilers.

INPUT - Broiler Chicks

- Feed

- Human Resources

Assessment of

human and

material

resources,

receipts, etc.

- Field visits and

physical

assessment.

- Receipts

Timely release of fund,

availability of vehicle,

etc.

16

2. TITLE: EFFECT OF MAXIGRAIN® SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE UTILIZATION

OF MAIZE OFFAL DIET FOR LAYERS

SOURCE: Institute of Agricultural Research and Training IAR&T


JUSTIFICATION:

Feed accounts for about 70% of the total cost of poultry production. The availability and low

price of many agro industrial by-products have led to high interest aimed at improving their

nutritive value for animals.

One of such agro- industrial by- products is Maize Offal (MO) which is available in large

quantities and has a high fibre content, low palatability, lacks several essential amino acids and

has anti - nutritional factors which limits its inclusion in poultry diet. Use of exogenous enzymes

in poultry diets is a common practice nowadays and it enhances the performance of animals fed

diets containing high fibre.

In order to increase the production performance of layers and reduce the cost of feed, enzymes

such as Maxigrain® can be added to Maize offal (MO) diet without any adverse effect.

Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T), Ibadan has established that inclusion

of 40% Maize Offal supplemented with exogenous enzyme such as Maxigrain® can be included

in feed of layers without any detrimental effects on their production performance and economic

indices. Hence the need to confirm this finding on the farmers field in Oyo State.

OBJECTIVES:

1. To compare the effect of Maxigrain® supplementation of palm kernel meal diet on

production performance of layers.

2. To reduce the cost of feed using Maize Offal.

3. To compare the cost effectiveness between the two diets.

17

MATERIALS AND METHODS

One Cooperator per zone will be selected making a total of four cooperators in the

State.

Each zone will serve as a replicate making four replicates.

There will be two treatments

Treatment 1 – control (conventional feed).

Treatment 2 – Maize Offal diet with Maxigrain®

A total of 120 Point of lay (POL) birds will be used for the experiment i.e.

15 POL birds per treatment.

The layers will be fed layer’s mash for eight (8) weeks

The birds will be given clean cool water and feed daily.

All necessary vaccinations and veterinary care shall be carried out.

Data on feed intake, egg production and mortality will be taken daily till the end

of the trial.

DURATION: 8 Weeks

FARMERS’ INVOLVEMENT

The farmers will provide housing, feeders, drinkers, laying nests and labour for feeding, watering

and other management practices.


1. Feed intake

2. Daily egg production

3. Mortality

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data collected will be subjected to statistical analysis using t –

test and economic analysis (cost of feed/dozen egg).

18

Table 1: COST ESTIMATE

N K

a. Purchase of 120 POL birds at N1000 each 120,000.00

b. Cost of feed (840kg) 84,000.00

c. Vaccination/ veterinary care 30,000 .00

d. Cost of fuelling for site selection at N3, 500/zone 14,000 .00

e. Cost of fuelling for weekly data collection atN20, 000/ zone 80,000.00

f. Monitoring by headquarter staff at N8,000 per zone

(Twice: before commencement of trial and during implementation) 64,000.00

g. Joint visit by scientists & ADP staff 50,000.00

h. Data processing and report writing 20,000.00

i. Contingencies (10%) 46,200.00

TOTAL 508,200.00

Table 2: Percentage Composition of Feeds for layers

S/N

Ingredients Treatment 1

Maize Offal Feed

without Maxigrain®

Treatment 2

Maize Offal Feed supplemented

with Maxigrain®

1 Maize 37.06 37.06

2 Maize Offal 40 40

3 Soybean Meal 9.79 9.79

4 Fishmeal 3 3

5 Bone meal 2 2

6 Oyster shell 7.50 7.50

7 Vitamin /Mineral premix 0.25 0.25

8 Salt 0.25 0.25

9 Methionine 0.15 0.15

10 Enzyme - 0.01

Total 100 100.01

Calculated Crude Protein 16.40 16.40

Calculated Metabolizable

Energy (Kcal/kg)

2492.77Kcal 2492.77Kcal

Maxigrain® added at 100mg/kg of feed (0.01%)

19

Table 3: FINANCIAL SCHEDULE

1ST

Quarter

(N)

2ND

Quarter

(N)

3RD Quarter

(N)

4TH Quarter

(N)

1 Purchase of 120 POL at N1000/POL 120,000.00

2 Cost of experimental feed 42,000.00 42,000.00

3 Vaccination/ veterinary care 15,000.00 15,000.00

4 Cost of fuelling for site selection 14,000.00

5 Cost of fuelling for weekly data

collection at N20, 000/ zone

40,000.00 40,000.00

6 Monitoring by headquarter staff 32,000.00 32,000.00

7 Joint visit by scientists & ADP staff

25,000.00 25,000.00

8 Data processing and report writing 20,000.00

9 Contingencies 23,100.00 23,100.00

Total 311,100.00 177,100.00 20,000.00

Grand Total 508,200.00



1 Selection of

Cooperators

2 Establishment of

Trial


by SMSs

4 Headquarter

Supervision

5 OFAR Team visit

6 Data Analysis

20


NARRATIVE

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVELY

VERIFIABLE

INDICATORS

MEANS OF

VERIFICATION

ASSUMPTION


feed

- Reduction in

feed cost.

- Higher income

from produce.

- Field visit.

- Record keeping.

.

OBJECTIVES 1. To compare the

effect of the

treatment on

production

performance of

layers

2. To reduce

cost of feed using

MO

3. To compare

the cost effectiveness

between the two

diets

- Egg production.

- Economic

analysis.

- Regular farm

visits.

- Collection of

eggs

- Cost of feed.

- Availability of vehicle.



- Timely release of

fund.

OUTPUT - Increased egg

production.

- Production at low

cost.

- Increase in farmer’s

income.

Increased egg

production

Overall result of

trial.

Field visit.

- Good management of

layers.

INPUT -Point of lay birds

-Feed

-Human Resources

Assessment of

human and

material

resources,

receipts, etc.

Field visits and

physical

assessment.

Receipts

Timely release of fund,

availability of vehicle,

etc.

21

Table 6: 2017 MTRM SKILL DEVELOPMENT TOPICS FOR LIVESTOCK

January Management of Replacement Stock for Layers.

Selection and Management of Replacement stock of Sheep and Goat.

February Management of Broilers for Easter.

Record Keeping in Livestock Production.

March Prevention and Control of Common Diseases of Poultry.

Fattening of Cattle.

April Control of Ecto and Endo Parasites in Small Ruminants.

Control of PPR in Small Ruminants.

May Fattening of Rams for Ileya Festival.

Breeding of pigs for optimum performance.

June Management of Turkeys and Cockerels.

Management of Snails

July Management of Cane rats.

Management of Pregnant Sows.

August Management of Piglets.

Bio security in Livestock (Poultry and Piggery).

September Litter Management in Livestock.

October Management of Broilers for Christmas.

November Utilization of crop residues for dry season feed for Small Ruminants.

Prevention and control of Heat stress in Monogastrics.

December Culling of Livestock for Christmas.

22

FISHERIES

1. TITLE: Growth performance of Clarias gariepinus juvenile fed Biscuit crumbs as a

replacement for yellow maize.

SOURCE: University of Ibadan

JUSTIFICATION:

About 70% of the total production cost goes into procurement of feed in fish farming.

One of the major survival hindrances in the development and expansion of African aquaculture

industries is lack of locally produced diet for growth and attainment of market size fish within

the shortest possible time.

Substituting one ingredient for another to get the best nutritive value at reduced cost is a very

common practice among fish nutrition specialists. University of Ibadan has favourably

established that feeding fish at 25% biscuit crumbs meal (BCM) inclusion rate had positive

effects on growth performance and nutrient utilization hence, the need to confirm this finding in

the farmers’ environment in Oyo State.

OBJECTIVE:

To replace the yellow maize meal (Conventional feed) with Biscuit crumbs meal (Non-

conventional feed).

To get the best nutritive value at reduced cost

To compare the cost effectiveness between the two diets.

MATERIALS:

1. 2nos of 10m x 10m fish pond

2. 200 juvenile catfish per pond

3. Fish feeds (i) Diet 1 – Experimental diet with yellow maize

(ii) Diet 2 – Experimental diet with Biscuit crumbs

1. Scale, Nets, Meter rule, Bowl.

METHODOLOGY: Each pond will be stocked with 200 juveniles of Clarias gariepinus and

fed at 5% body weight for 12 weeks.

TREATMENTS: T1 - Catfish fed without biscuit crumbs diet

T2 - Catfish fed with biscuit crumbs diet

One farmer per zone will be selected making a total of four farmers in the State.

The two treatments would be replicated in the four zones of OYSADEP i.e. each zone will serve

as a replicate making four replicates

DURATION: 12 weeks

23


Weight gain (WG)

Feed conversion ratio

Specific Growth Rate

Growth performance data will be collected fortnightly and the result will be subjected to

statistical analysis using t- test. Economic analysis will also be calculated.

Table 1: COST ESTIMATE N K

a. Purchase of 1,600 at N25/juvenile 40,000.00

b. Feed 50kg at N300/kg 180,000.00

c. Site Selection at N2, 500/zone 10.000.00

d. Transportation of inputs to Zones at N7, 500/zone 30,000.00

e. Supervision by Headquarters Staff at N7, 500/zone 30,000.00

f. Cost of fuelling for data collection atN10, 000/ zone 40,000.00

g. Data processing and report writing 20,000.00

h. Pelletizing machine 40,000.00

i. Contingencies 20,000.00

TOTAL 410,000.00

TABLE 2: COMPOSITION OF THE EXPERIMENTAL DIETS (%)

Ingredient Diet 1 (T1) Diet 2 (T2)

Fish meal 18.65 18.65

Soya beans 37.29 37.29

Yellow maize 13 59 10.19

Wheat bran 6.59 6.79

Biscuit - 3.40

GNC 18.65 18.65

Vitamin/mineral 2.00 2.00

Salt 0.50 0.50

Vegetable oil 1.00 1.00

Binder 0.50 0.50

Bone meal 0.50 0.50

Oyster shell 0.50 0.50

Total 100.00 100.00

Crude Protein (%) 34.63 36.75

24



1 Selection of

Cooperators

2 Purchase of inputs

3 Transportation of

inputs to zones


by SMSs

5 Headquarter

Supervision

6 Data Analysis

7 Report writing


NARRATIVE

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVELY

VERIFIABLE

INDICATORS

MEANS OF

VERIFICATION

ASSUMPTION


feed

Reduction in

feed cost.

- Field visit.

- Record keeping.

OBJECTIVES To compare the

effect of the

treatment on growth

performance of

Clarias gariepinus.

- Growth

rate/Yield.

- Economic

analysis.

-Regular farm

visits.

- Cost of feed.



- Timely release of

fund.

OUTPUT - Production at low

cost.

- Increase in fish

production

Weight

gain/yield per

input

Field

visit/monitoring.

- Good management

INPUT Clarias juvenile

Feed

Water

Human Resources

-Timely release of fund,

-Provision of adequate

logistic, etc.

25

2. TITLE: EFFECT OF PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF WHEAT BRAN WITH MAIZE COB

ON FISH FEED FLOATATION AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF AFRICAN CATFISH

JUVENILE

SOURCE: University of Ibadan.

JUSTIFICATION:

In fish farming, about 70% of the total production cost goes into feeding. There is rising cost of

fish feed due to increase in price of the ingredients notably Fish meal, Maize, wheat etc. These

feeds come in different forms - pellets and mash. This could be sinking or floating. Efforts at

reducing feed cost, targets the use of readily available materials in cost effective proportions. It is

also essential to consider the floating properties of the feed as poorly bound fish feed are prone

instability in ponds and leaching of nutrients etc. University of Ibadan has established that the

cost of fish production can be reduced by incorporating 20% maize cob into fish feed. This

inclusion rate helped to reduce cost of fish production, increase floatability of feed and also

maximise profit hence, the need to confirm this finding in the farmers’ environment in Oyo

State.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the effect of floatability properties of maize cobs in partial replacement of

wheat bran in fish diet

To evaluate the cost effectiveness of the experimental diets.

MATERIALS: 1. 2nos 10m x 10m pond

2. 200 juvenile catfish

3. Fish feeds:

a) Diet 1 – Compounded ration containing 100% Wheat bran

b) Diet 2 - Compounded ration with 20% replacement of wheat

bran with maize cob

4. Scale, nets, meter rule, bowls, etc

26

METHODOLOGY:

Each pond will be stocked with 200 juveniles of Clarias gariepinus and fed at 5% body weight

for 12 weeks

Treatment 1- Catfish fed with 100% wheat bran compounded diet

Treatment 2- Catfish fed with 20% partial replacement of maize cob/wheat bran diet

One farmer per zone will be selected making a total of four farmers in the State.

The two treatments would be replicated in the four zones of OYSADEP i.e. each zone will serve

as a replicate making four replicates

Growth performance data will be collected fortnightly.

DURATION: 12 Weeks


Weight gain

Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)

Specific Growth Rate (SGR).

The results will be subjected to statistical analysis using t- test and economic analysis will also

be calculated.

Table 1: COST ESTIMATE

N : k

a. Purchase of 1,600 at N25/juvenile 40,000.00

b. Feed 50kg at N300/kg 180,000.00

c. Site Selection at N2, 500/zone 10,000.00

d. Transportation of inputs to Zones at N7, 500/zone 30,000.00

e. Supervision by Headquarters Staff at N7, 500/zone 30,000.00

f.

Cost of fuelling for data collection atN10, 000/

zone 40,000.00


h. Pelletizing machine 40,000.00

i. Contingencies 20,000.00

TOTAL 410,000.00

27

Table 2: PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION OF EXPERIMENTAL DIET



1 Selection of

Cooperators

2 Purchase of inputs

3 Transportation of

inputs to zones


by SMSs

5 Headquarter

Supervision

6 Data Analysis

7 Report writing

Feed ingredients Diet 1 Diet 2

Fish meal 18.5 18.68

Soyabean meal 37.01 37.35

GNC 18.5 18.68

Maize 7.16 6.93

Wheat bran 14.33 11.09

Maize cob - 2.77

Bone meal 1 1

Salt 0.5 0.5

Oil 0.5 0.5

Vitamin/ Mineral premix 2 2

Binder 0.5 0.5

Total 100 100

28


NARRATIVE

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVELY

VERIFIABLE

INDICATORS

MEANS OF

VERIFICATION

ASSUMPTION


feed

Reduction in feed

cost.

- Field visit.

- Record keeping.

OBJECTIVES

-To evaluate the

effect of floatability

properties of maize

cobs in partial

replacement of

wheat bran in fish

diet.

-To evaluate the

cost effectiveness of

the experimental

diet.

- Growth

performance/Yield.

- Economic

analysis.

-Regular farm

visits.

- Cost of feed.

- Active participation

of collaborating

farmers.

- Timely release of

fund.

OUTPUT - Production at low

cost.

- Increase in fish

production

Weight gain/yield

per input

Field

visit/monitoring.

- Good management

INPUT Clarias juvenile

Feed

Water

Human Resources

-Timely release of

fund, -Provision of

adequate logistic, etc.

29

Table 5: 2017 MTRM SKILL DEVELOPMENT TOPICS FOR FISHERIES

January - Site selection/ Pond Construction

February - Pond Construction/Rehabilitation

March - Aquacultural Planning for the season

April - Pond preparation for stocking

May - Booking/Procurement/Transportation of Fingerlings

June - Stocking of Pond

July - Best Practices in Aquaculture

August - Test Cropping

September - Fish Diseases and Control

October - Weed Control in Ponds

November - Preparation for cropping

December - Fish harvesting & Post Harvest Technology

30

FARM MECHANIZATION/AGRO PROCESSING

1. TITLE: DEMONSTRATION OF MOBILE CASSAVA GRATING MACHINE


SOURCE: NCAM

FABRICATOR: Process Concept and Technologies Limited, Ibadan.

JUSTIFICATION:

Cassava is considered as one of the most processed tropical tuber crops in Nigeria, especially in

Oyo State. The processing could come in different folds; Milling, Chipping, Grating etc.

depending on the intended end product which could be garri, starch, chips, flour etc. Mostly,

cassava processing activities leading to size reduction include peeling, grating, dehydrating,

milling and sieving.

In Oyo State today, grating of cassava constitutes more than 70 percent of tuber processing, be it

for household or public consumption purposes especially now that the old methods have been

replaced by graters prominent amongst processors in the State, which are belt driven from a

static 5Hp Lister type engine.

However, Processing centres are usually located at a fixed place as the equipments are fixed to

the ground. This thus requires transportation of fresh tubers to processing centres with greater

cost incurred in transportation to and fro. In some instances, difficulties in transportation often

lead to delays in evacuation of fresh tuber to processing centres with some level of tuber

deterioration recorded.

Problem Statement:

- Cassava tubers have about 70% moisture content depending on the specie and the season of

harvest. This makes them bulky and therefore transporting the tubers to urban markets is difficult

and expensive.

- The cassava processors in Oyo State are scattered around. Even in centers where they form

cooperatives, they still mount separate grounds of processing. These grounds are usually distant

from one another which as a result, also require transporting tubers around.

- Graters adopted by or prominent among the processors in the State are static due to the fixed

position of the driver engine (Lister engine type).

- Operation of these prominent graters generally requires power, skill and human attention.

Towards solving these problems, NCAM has developed mobile cassava grater with the under

listed advantages.

31

The operation of the mobile grater requires lesser attention, power or skill in the sense

that the driver engine is much lighter and easy to start. This means that even our rural

women who are the playmaker in this cassava processing business can operate the grater

successfully without hassle

The mobile grater will not only bring about labour reduction but also cut way excessive

transportation cost because the grater can be moved to where the cassava tubers were

harvested, hence the introduction of the technology to processors in Oyo State for

possible adoption.

DESCRIPTION:

FIGURE 1: Mobile Cassava Grating Machine

32

SPECIFICATION TABLE:

Indication Specification

Power Drive 3.5Hp petrol Engine

Capacity Up to one (1) ton per hour

Fuel

Consumption

1.2 liters per hour

Advantages - Oval shaped hopper with cover to reduce spillage and increase

cassava/rasper contact.

- High capacity with minimum power requirement.

- Uniform size of pulp.

- Fineness of grating adjustable to suit requirements.

- Easy collection of grated pulp.

- Light weight for mobility.

- Safe to operate.

OBJECTIVES:

To introduce equipment that will reduce/eliminate dependency on skilled operator.

To encourage those who have been deterred by the widely used grater to venture into the

business by bringing nearer them technology that will boost their economy.

To create flexibility in grating operation in the State.

LOCATION: 4

MATERIALS:

Cassava tubers, knife, water, bowls, mobile grater, sacks and diesel.

METHODOLOGY:

i. Get cassava tubers

ii. Wash tubers with water, then allow to air dry

iii. Use knife to peel the tubers

iv. Run the grater by starting the prime mover

v. Transfer the already peeled tubers into the grater through the receiving chamber and then

watch if preferred

vi. Collect the already grated cassava at the output end of the grating machine with either the

bowl or sack

33

vii. If grated cassava is collected with bowl, transfer it into the sack to allow for more

collection from the machine

viii. If it is collected with sack, replace sack when it is filled up for more collection from the

machine

ix. Finally, continue further processing of the grated cassava.

LOGICAL FRAME WORK

NARRATIVE

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVELY

VERIFIABLE

INDICATOR

MEANS OF

VERIFICATION

ASSUMPTION

GOAL To encourage

more women

into cassava

processing

business in the

state

Increase in the

number of

processor

Field visits All materials are

available

OBJECTIVES To create

flexibility in

grating

operation in the

state

Adoption and

acceptance of the

machine by the

processors

Visit to centers &

groups where

demonstrations

were made

Active

participation of

selected groups

and centers

INPUT Cassava tubers,

knife, bowls,

sacks, grater

Receipts Receipts, visit to

centers

Timely release

of fund

OUTPUT Ease and safety

in the operation

of the grating

machine

without prior

skill

Increase in

number of women

operators

Increase in number

of women

operators

Timely conduct

of demonstration

CONSTRAINT Lack of fund by

peasant farmers

to purchase

equipment

Loss of interest in

the farmers and

banking policy

Loss of interest on

the part of farmers

Narrow access

by farmers to

low interest rate

loan

34

TIMELINE CHART


1 Selection of

Location

2 Sourcing of

Materials

3 Duration of

demonstration

4 Collation of

results

COST ESTIMATES OF ITEMS N : K

Purchase of cassava tubers - 5,000: 00

Knives for peeling - 500: 00

Bowl (2 Nos) @N650 each - 1,300: 00

Sacks - 500: 00

Grating Machine - 150,000: 00

Site selection - 5,000: 00

Mobilization of Staff @N3, 000 per location - 12,000: 00

Fueling of Primer - 5,000: 00

Fueling of vehicle to locations - 25,000: 00

Driver’s Allowance - 6,000: 00

Headquarter Supervision - 20,000: 00

Contingencies - 10,000: 00

Total - 240,300 : 00

35

WOMEN- IN- AGRICULTURE (WIA)

1. TITLE: Acceptability of Vitamin A Cassava amongst Rural Dwellers in Oyo

State

SOURCE: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)


LOCATION: Four (4) Zones

JUSTIFICATION:

The rural populace is vulnerable to food health problems which affect productivity of the rural

farmers. Vitamin A deficiency is one of these major food health problems. It is estimated that

20% pregnant women and 30% children under five years are vitamin A deficient (Mainasara

2011). Harvest Plus (IITA) is currently developing and promoting bio-fortified cassava (yellow

fleshed cassava) that contains pro-vitamin A carotenoids that could contribute to reducing

vitamin A deficiency, which is widespread in the country. Oyo State has been selected as one of

the pilot states in Nigeria. Vitamin A is known to boost immunity and vision.

Hence, it is necessary to process the vitamin A cassava into Gari, Lafun and Fufu to test the

acceptability at the rural areas in Oyo State.

OBJECTIVES

- To determine acceptability of the products from Pro - vitamin A Cassava tubers.

- To alleviate the problem of vitamin A deficiency in Oyo State.

- To improve on the productivity of rural populace through better nutrition.

METHODOLOGY

A. Freshly harvested Cassava tubers (Vitamin A and Farmers variety) will be processed into

gari, lafun and fufu.

B. i. Gari will be prepared into eba

ii. Lafun will be prepared into amala.

iii. Fufu will be cooked.

C. Vegetable soup will be prepared to enhance taste.

D. Panel of Judges: Ten (10) people: four (4) men and six (6) women will be selected to do

sensory evaluation at the four (4) locations. Parameters to consider will include

appearance, color, texture, taste and overall acceptance.

36

COST ESTIMATE

Items Cost (N)

Selection of cooperators at N10,000.00 per location 40,000.00

Vitamin A cassava tubers at N15,000.00 per location 60,000.00

Processing into gari at four (4) locations

Processing into lafun at four (4) locations

Processing into fufu at four (4) locations

Preparation of vegetable soup with fish at four (4) locations

Transportation, monitoring, visits and driver allowance at

N2200,, 000.00/zone

20,000.00

16,000.00

14,000.00

16,700.00

80,000.00

Contingencies 10,000.00

Total 256,700.00

37

2. TITLE: DEMONSTRATION OF MODERN SMOKING KILN TO PRODUCE

GOOD QUALITY SMOKED FISH

Source: Nigerian Stored Produce Research Institute (NSPRI)

Status: New

JUSTIFICATION:

Fish is a staple source of protein of the average Nigerian diet. Fish farming plays an important

role in supplying fish and other fish products for local consumption and even export. However,

fish is highly perishable and in order to add value, preserve, increase shelf life, as well as

increase the income of farmers, processing is highly necessary. Various conventional methods

such as freezing, smoking, salting, sun-drying, frying and combinations of these have been

engaged to preserve and process fish for consumption and storage.

Fish smoking prolongs shelf life, enhances flavour and reduces wastage in times of bumper

harvest or glut. Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI) has conducted research trial

on the usage of locally fabricated smoking kiln to process fish, hence the need to demonstrate

this technique as a means of adding value and reducing post-harvest losses.

OBJECTIVES:

1. To reduce post-harvest losses of fish farmers and increase their income through value

addition.

2. To increase awareness of value addition through usage of modern smoking kiln.

3. To measure the acceptance rate of the modern smoking kiln and determine the shelf life

of the fish product.

MATERIALS: Smoking kiln, charcoal, plastic bowls, knives, trays, weighing scales, packaging

nylon, fish and salt.

METHODOLOGY:

Four 25kg capacity smoking kiln would be locally fabricated for the ADP and would be

sited in each of the Zones.

This will be replicated in the four (4) zones of the State.

Twenty five (25) fish farmers per zone would be selected to participate in the

demonstration.

38

25kg fresh Clarias gariepinus would be processed by washing, stunning, gutting,

smoking, cooling, packaging and storage.

Parameters to be measured include:

o Moisture Content

o Duration of drying

o Colour

o Odour

o Taste / Flavour

o Shelf life

o Cost of Production

Table 1: COST ESTIMATE N : k

a. Purchase of 4 Smoking Kilns @ N100,000.00/unit 400,000.00

b. Purchase of fish for demonstration (25kg/Zone) 25kg x 4 @ N500/kg 50,000.00

c. Cost of transportation of Smoking Kilns @ N10,000.00/Zone 40,000.00

d. Cost of processing implements and materials @ N10,000.00 / Zone 40,000.00

e. Site selection 12,000.00

f. Joint visit by Scientists and ADP Staff 40,000.00


h. Contingencies (5%) 10,000.00

TOTAL 602,000.00

39

Table 2: TIME-LINE CHART

S/N Activities Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1. Site Selection

2. Purchase of

Input

3. Data

Collection by

SMSs

4. Headquarter

Supervision

5. Laboratory

Analysis

6. Data

processing and

Report Writing

40

Table 3: LOGICAL FRAMEWORK

NARRATIVE

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVELY

VERIFIABLE

INDICATORS

MEANS OF

VERIFICATION

ASSUMPTIONS

GOAL Efficiency of the

processing system

- Product Outcome

Shelf life

- Field Visit

- Record Keeping

OBJECTIVES 2. To increase

awareness of

value addition

through usage

of modern

smoking kiln.

3. To reduce post-

harvest losses

of fish farmers

and increase

their income

through value

addition.

4. To measure the

acceptance rate

of the modern

smoking kiln

and determine

the shelf life of

the fish product

- Product quality

- Economic analysis

- Reduction in post

harvest losses

- Acceptability of

processing system

- Weighing - Provision of

adequate logistics

- Active participation

of collaborating

farmers

- Timely release of

funds

OUTPUT - Reduction in post-

harvest loss

- Acceptability of

the processing

system

- Increase in shelf

life

Increase in value

addition

- Field

Visit/Monitoring

- Smoked Fish

- Acceptability

- Good Management

INPUT - Table size fish

- Water

- Smoking Kiln

- Charcoal

- Salt

- Plastic Bowls

- Trays

- Packaging Nylon

- Knife

- Human Resources

- Receipts

- Monitoring /

Evaluation of

project sites

- Provision of

adequate logistics

- Timely release of

funds

oyo state agricultural development …€¦ · varieties for yield and acceptability by farmers in...

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