panama birding tour

Panama Birding TourTrip Report

Despite Panama being a small country, it has an extraordinary biodiversity. In terms of birdlife, it exceeds a thousand species of birds in its 75,000 square kilometers. In a short period of time it is possible to achieve a long list of birds. In the highlands of the western Panama, it is possible to see several regional endemics shared with Costa Rica and at the other end, in the vast and biodiverse Darien province, it is also possible to get several regional endemics shared with Colombia. Here, several species found in Panama reach the northernmost parts of their distribution. In addition, central Panama and the Panama Canal area offers different bird communities on both Caribbean and Pacific slopes.

This 12-day birding tour explored the birds of the western, central and eastern regions of the country, from the highlands in Chiriqui province, to the banks of the Panama Canal and the vast and biodiverse Darien province, where many regional specialties are found. This tour focused on finding two rare birds, the unique Wrenthrush and Sapayoa. The first four days were explored the Chiriqui highlands in search of the Wrenthrush with the guide Jason Lara. The weather during the days there was not very favorable. In spite of the rains, the goal of finding this rare and regional endemic bird was achieved.

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July 31 - August 7, 2021By Edwin Campbell

A White-whiskered Puffbird, one of the several birds seen during the Panama Birding Tour

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Panama Birding Tour 2021 - Trip Report

The next eight days of tour were accompanied by myself. During these days, we were able to observe 281 species of birds. Some of the highlights included Streak-chested Antpitta, Dusky-backed Jacamar, Gray-cheeked Nunlet, Slate-throated Gnatcatcher, Gray-capped Cuckoo, Spot-crowned Barbet, and Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker.

Local guides: Jason Lara and Edwin Campbell

Highlights of the trip1. In less than one hour in Cerro Azul, we had found the endemic Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker,

in addition to the pressure of not having lunch until we had found it!

2. Despite not being a new species for our life lists, coming across of a pair of Chestnut-fronted Macaws was undoubtedly one of the best moments of the tour.

3. Spotting two Blue Cotingas (female and male) from the tower at the Panama Rainforest Discovery Center.

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Blue Cotinga, one of the highlights



Detailed Trip ReportDay 5: July 31 – Cerro Azul

The second part of the tour started by meeting at Tocumen International Airport in Panama City on a humid, hot and sunny morning. After a four days in Chiriqui highlands, we started by heading up to the foothills close Panama City. We drove an hour, getting there right at midday. This would probably have been the perfect time to have our packed lunch, but no, we decided to go straight to birding and find the endemic woodpecker. So, we went to the Altos del Frente area, a nice road with some forested paths. Our first stop was thanks to hearing a Spotted Antbird calling. An army ants swarm was right there! After, we spotted a Bicolored Antbird, Cocoa Woodcreeper and a big flock of Carmiol’s Tanagers. We continued on the same path until three Gartered Trogons made us stop again. It was a good stop! A mixed flock came in with beautiful birds such as Bay-headed Tanager, Golden-hooded Tanager, Chestnut-capped Warbler, and Scarlet-rumped Cacique. We walked a little more, finding another flock with Shining Honeycreeper, Plain-colored Tanager, Dusky-capped Flycatcher, and our target, the Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker! It was a relief, and now we could eat!

We went to the entrance of the Maipo trail. We were hungry and ready for lunch, but the birds wouldn’t let us. Another mixed flock came by with new birds for our trip like Speckled Tanager, Russet Antshrike, and White-ruffed Manakin. We could finally eat, and then could walk a bit on the trail. White-breasted Wood-Wren, Scaly-breasted Wren, Broad-billed Motmot, and White-


The endemic Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker, one of the targets at Cerro Azul



whiskered Puffbird were the birds that we could see very well along the trail. After leaving the Maipo trail, we went to Cerro Jefe. At just in the beginning of the road, we found Black-and-yellow Tanager and Tawny-capped Euphonia in a mixed flock. To finish of the day, we went to Paseo Colombia street, where we spotted a Crimson-backed Tanager, the first Blue-gray Tanager of the day and the tiny Violet-headed Hummingbird.

Day 6: August 1 – Nusagandi Reserve

We start our birding day on the road to the Nusagandi Reserve. After seeing several common birds on route like Great-tailed Grackle, Yellow-headed Caracara, and Cattle Egret, we made a stop along the PanAmerican highway for the rare Aplomado Falcon. Then we drove straight to Nusagandi, we did a quick stop at Garduk Lodge to meet Joel, our local guide. There we saw a few new birds for the trip, including Blue Dacnis and Black-striped Sparrow. At the Ibe Igar trail, we saw Blue-crowned Manakin, Dull-mantled Antbird, Bay Wren, and Green Hermit. Along the road to Guna Yala, we had great encounter with a few mixed flocks. Among the birds that stood out were Spot-crowned Barbet, Rufous Mourner, Emerald Tanager, and Slate-throated Gnatcatcher. It was quite a productive morning, although we did not get to see the Sapayoa. After lunch at Garduk Lodge, we drove to Torti. We stopped at Rio Mono bride, finding the regional endemic White-eared Conebill, Red-rumped Woodpecker, and Cocoi Heron flying over. Then, we kept on our way to Torti.

Day 7: August 2 – San Francisco Reserve and Torti River

As usual, the road to get to the forest at the reserve is always busy with birds. Right away we started picking up new birds for the trip, even lifers like Red-breasted Meadowlark. We saw a motmot crossing the road, so we stopped to look for it, but a couple of Black-bellied Wrens were more than determined to get our attention. Then a juvenile Black Antshrike peeked out, with it a pair of Royal Flycatcher made an appearance followed by Black-throated Trogon, White-ringed Flycatcher, and Golden-collared Manakin. We saw the Whooping Motmot several minutes later. We kept going along the road to the forested area of the reserve. Inside the forest, we found Chestnut-backed Antbird, and the 'mythical’ Orange-billed Sparrow.

In the afternoon, we went to explore the Torti River. It was a very productive afternoon despite starting at the hottest time of the day. Among the species that deserve mention are Yellow Tyrannulet, Great Antshrike, and Zone-tailed Hawk. After an hour of driving, we explored one of the dirt roads along the way, coming across American Kestrel, Bat Falcon, Yellow-headed Caracara, and White-tailed Kite.

Day 8: August 3 – Darien

We woke up with rain and drove all the way to the Yaviza forest, prior to arriving to the town. The rain continued, and although we tried to bird it was very difficult. But we got birds like Green Ibis, and Purple-crowned Fairy. Then we decided to go to Yaviza for breakfast, getting new birds for the trip including two species relatively new to Panama, Bicolored Wren, and Carib Grackle. Because the rain did not stop, we visited the wetland close to Yaviza. Just from the roadside pull off we got new birds such as Pied Water-Tyrant, Striped Cuckoo, White-collared Swift, Black-




throated Mango, Wattled Jacana, and Cocoi Heron. After leaving there, we visited a rice field, and on the way we stopped at several places, finding birds such as Black-capped Donacobius, Least Grebe, and Crested Oropendola. We also stopped at a forest patch with a lush vegetation, where a flock of Dusky Antbirds and a Laughing Falcon were vocalizing. Several birds were showing up such as Orange-crowned Oriole, Cinnamon Becard, Red-billed Scythebill, and the regional endemic Gray-cheeked Nunlet. Getting to the marshy area at the open rice fields, we saw Ruddy-breasted Seedeater, Yellow-hooded Blackbird, Solitary Sandpiper, Savanna Hawk. Another large brown bird was a flying low down a ditch. My first impression was another Savanna Hawk, but Richard wasn’t convinced. Later, we saw the bird perched and we confirmed that it was a Barn Owl.

In the afternoon, we visited the road to El Salto and we could finally get a look at the common Black-chested Jay. Besides the jay, we also got Choco Sirystes, White-tailed Trogon, and White-necked Puffbird.

Day 9 - August 4 - Embera Community of Nuevo Vigia

We started our birding day on the way to Las Peñítas. On the road, hearing a different vocalization made me stop. We look for the origin of the noise, and saw an all rufous bird cuckoo-like cross the road. It was the rare Gray-capped Cuckoo, and it made our day! From Las Peñitas, we embarked in a dugout canoe on the Chucunaque and Turquesa Rivers. Along the river we spotted several new birds for our trip including Black Oropendola, Mangrove Swallow, Greater Ani, and


Gray-cheeked Nunlet - a regional endemic found on the way to the rice fields



Amazon Kingfisher. When we arrived at the village, we went straight to our target - the Dusky-backed Jacamar. In addition to finding two individuals of this regional endemic bird, we also saw Gray-capped Flycatcher, Pacific Antwren, and Black-crowned Tityra. On another trail closer to the Embera community we found other birds such as Pale-bellied Hermit, Black-tailed Trogon, and Flame-rumped (Lemon-rumped) Tanager.

In the afternoon, we visited the Wounaan community of Puerto Lara. Before arriving there, we tried for some birds on the way, getting a glimpse of White-headed Wren. Also, we visited a breeding site of Boat-billed Heron and Cattle Egret. At Puerto Lara, we walked a trail where we were able to find new birds for our trip list such as Dusky Antbird, Bare-crowned Antbird, Sapphire-throated Hummingbird, Golden-headed Manakin, and Mottled Owl.

Day 10: August 5 – El Salto Road

We returned to El Salto Road in the morning. Among the birds seen this morning that deserve mention are Southern Bentbill, Rusty-winged Antwren, Rufous-breasted Hermit, and Yellow-backed Oriole. In addition to these birds, we had a great encounter with a pair of Chestnut-fronted Macaws that were feeding on a fig tree. Despite our long walk (nearly four kilometers), we were still missing some of Darien’s specialties. So we headed to another road in search of these missing species. We explored the road to the community of Lajas Blancas and we tried for the Barred Puffbird. The bird responded from a distance, and we went looking for it. After several tries from the road, we were forced into the forest patch to look for the singing pair. The birds did not move at all and despite being right under them it took us a long time to find them. But it was worth this challenging search!

It was already past noon and we had to travel back to Panama City, so we had to give up on a couple more that we hadn’t yet seen, to be saved for another trip. On the way to Panama City, we stop at Bayano bridge, a stop we couldn’t make on the way to Darien because of the rain. We were there for a few minutes, but we did see one of the birds we were looking for very well - a male Jet Antbird singing in front of us! Leaving Bayano Lake bridge, we drove to our hotel in Panama Canal area near Panama City.

Day 11: August 6 – Panama Rainforest Discovery Center and Pipeline RoadVery early in the morning, we went to the Panama Rainforest Discovery Center to take advantage of the cool morning at the observation tower. The activity at the tower was very quiet, either way we got a few good birds there such as Blue Cotinga, Collared Aracari, and Purple-throated Fruitcrow. In contrast, on the trails we came across more bird activity with Russet-winged Schiffornis, Double-toothed Kite, White-whiskered Puffbird, and Red-capped Manakin. It was almost 9:00 am and we still hadn’t had breakfast! The packed breakfasts had stayed at the entrance of the discovery center so I went to get them. Getting in the car I noticed the movements of several birds foraging low to the ground. Gray-headed Tanager, Ocellated Antbird, and Northern Barred-Woodcreeper were some of the birds that performed these maneuvers. Breakfast had to wait! I ran to look for my companions, so they wouldn’t miss the show. In addition to those already mentioned, there were also Bicolored Antbird, Black-faced Antthrush, Plain-brown Woodcreeper, and Rufous Motmot. We were finally able to have breakfast, gazing the hummingbirds visiting the feeders. Long-billed Hermit, Blue-chested Hummingbird, Violet-




bellied Hummingbird, and Crowned Woodnymph were regularly feeding at the veranda. Carrying on, we walked a bit through the famous Pipeline Road coming across with Streak-chested Antpitta, Blue-crowned Manakin, Moustached Antwren, and Crimson-crested Woodpecker.

Leaving Pipeline Road we stopped to check a Great Potoo resting at a fig tree, and we also got to see a pair of Black-breasted Puffbirds. We did a quick stop at Ammo Dump Ponds looking for Panama Flycatcher. We weren’t lucky with the flycatcher, but we saw another nice birds including Scrub Greenlet, Rufescent Tiger-Heron, and Isthmian Wren.

We went to Ciudad del Saber (Clayton) for lunch and took the opportunity to quickly get the covid tests done to be able to travel the next day. After lunch and tests, we looked for the Garden Emerald in several gardens around Ciudad del Saber. We were very patient, but the hummingbird never showed up. Instead, we saw one more common bird that we were missing - Saffron Finch. We returned to Gamboa to try once more for the Great Jacamar, but we were not lucky.

Day 12: August 7 – Amador Causeway and Metropolitan Natural Park

As it was our last day and last chance to find the Garden Emerald, we left very early for the Amador Causeway. It was still dark when we arrived, so we tried to call some owls. We had a very short response but couldn’t see what it was. The day was starting to brighten up so we took a short walk and came across several common birds such as Crimson-baked Tanager, Yellow-crowned Euphonia, Clay-colored Thrush, and Gray-headed Chachalaca. When we got to the patch of


The Barred Puffbird is one of the specialties of Darien



lantana flowers, it did not take long for us to find the morning’s most wanted bird, the Garden Emerald.

After this achievement, we headed towards Metropolitan Natural Park. We spent approximately three hours there, exploring different trails and finding some final new birds for our trip list such as Lance-tailed Manakin, Fasciated Antshrike, Greenish Elaenia, Rufous-and-white Wren. There were some other birds we could not see but we could hear them at close range, including the elusive Rosy Thrush-Tanager.

On the way to the airport, we stopped in the mudflats of Panama Viejo finding several shorebirds including White Ibis, Laughing Gull, Black-necked Stilt, and Short-billed Dowitcher. Then we drove to the airport, said our goodbyes and ended our tour.


We had a great encounter with the Streak-chested Antpitta at Pipeline Road (Soberania National Park)



Wildlife Observation ListBirdsNomenclature and taxonomy follows Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2021.

Common Name Scientific Name Notes

1 Black-bellied Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna autumnalis

Two seen at the road to Puerto Limón; 2 at Yaviza Wetlands; 9 at the rice fields property; 3 seen at Ammo Dump Ponds

2 Muscovy Duck Cairina moschata3 individuals flying over Yaviza Wetlands; 5 seen at the road to the rice fields

3 Gray-headed Chachalaca Ortalis cinereiceps1 seen at Puerto Lara; 3 at El Salto Road; 2 at Ammo Dump Ponds

4 Pale-vented Pigeon Patagioenas cayennensisCommon in lowlands around Gamboa area; 2 at Turquesa River

5 Least Grebe Tachybaptus dominicus One seen at a lake in the rice field property

6 Rock Pigeon Columba livia

Over 10 individuals at San Francisco Reserve; 5 along the PanAmerican highway; 4 at Clayton

7 Ruddy Ground Dove Columbina talpacoti Common in lowlands

8 Blue Ground Dove Claravis pretiosa2 seen at San Francisco Reserve; 1 seen at El Salto Road

9 White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi Common throughout

10 Gray-chested Dove Leptotila cassinii 1 bird seen on Pipeline Road

11 Greater Ani Crotophaga major

3 seen at San Francisco Reserve; 2 at Torti River; 5 at Yaviza Wetlands; 4 at rice field property; 2 at El Salto Road; 3 at Ammo Dump Ponds

12 Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani

5 seen at Nusagandi Reserve; 10 seen at San Francisco Reserve; 8 at Torti River; 25 at Yaviza Wetlands; 4 at rice field property; 6 at Turquesa River; 3 at Panama Rainforest Discover Center; 3 at Ammo Dump Ponds




13 Striped Cuckoo Tapera naevia Two birds seen at Yaviza Wetlands

14 Squirrel Cuckoo Piaya cayana

1 at Cerro Azul; 1 at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Torti River; 2 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 1 at Amador; 2 at Metropolitan Park

15 Gray-capped Cuckoo Coccyzus lansgbergi 1 bird seen on the road to Las Peñitas

16 Great Potoo Nyctibius grandis 1 bird seen at Pipeline Road

17 White-collared Swift Streptoprocne rutila 5 birds seen at El Salto Road

18 Short-tailed Swift Chaetura brachyura 4 birds seen at El Salto Road

19 Band-rumped Swift Chaetura spinicaudus 3 at San Francisco Reserve

20 White-necked Jacobin Florisuga mellivora 1 at Cerro Azul; 1 at Avicar Hotel (Torti); 1 at Nuevo Vigia

21 Rufous-breasted Hermit Glaucis hirsutus1 at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Yaviza Wetlands; 1 at El Salto Road

22 Green Hermit Phaethornis guy 1 seen at Ibe Igar trail (Nusagandi Reserve)

23 Long-billed Hermit Phaethornis longirostris

1 seen at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Nuevo Vigia Embera Community; 12 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

24 Pale-bellied Hermit Phaethornis anthophilus2 at Nuevo Vigia Embera Community; 1 at El Salto Road

25 Stripe-throated Hermit Phaethornis striigularis

2 seen at Nusagandi Reserve; 1 seen at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at El Salto Road

26 Purple-crowned Fairy Heliothryx barroti1 seen at Yaviza Forest; 1 seen at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

27 Black-throated Mango Anthracothorax nigricollis 1 bird seen at Yaviza Wetlands

28 Long-billed Starthroat Heliomaster longirostris 1 at Yaviza Wetlands; 1 at Turquesa River

29 Garden Emerald Chlorostilbon assimilis 1 seen at Amador Causeway

30 Violet-headed Hummingbird Klais guimeti 1 seen at Cerro Azul; 1 seen at San Francisco Reserve

31 Crowned Woodnymph Thalurania colombiana1 at Nusagandi Reserve; 2 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center





32 White-vented Plumeleteer Chalybura buffonii 1 bird seen at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at El Salto Road

33 Scaly-breasted Hummingbird Phaeochroa cuvierii One bird seen at Avicar Hotel (Torti)

34 Rufous-tailed Hummingbird Amazilia tzacatlA few birds at Avicar Hotel (Torti); 1 at San Francisco Reserve

35 Sapphire-throated Hummingbird Chrysuronia coeruleogularis 1 bird seen at Puerto Lara

36 Blue-chested Hummingbird Polyerata amabilis2 at El Salto Road; 2 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

37 Snowy-bellied Hummingbird Amazilia edward

A few birds seen in the hummingbird feeders of Avicar Hotel (Torti); 1 at San Francisco Reserve

38 Violet-bellied Hummingbird Chlorestes julie1 seen at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 1 at Metropolitan Natural Park

39 Common Gallinule Gallinula galeata3 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center (Calamito Lake)

40 Purple Gallinule Porphyrio martinicus1 seen at Torti, 2 at Yaviza Wetland; 1 seen at Ammo Dump Ponds

41 White-throated Crake Laterallus albigularis1 bird heard at Yaviza Wetlands; 2 birds heard at Ammo Dump Ponds

42 Gray-breasted Crake Laterallus exilis1 bird heard at Yaviza Wetlands; 1 bird heard at the rice fields property

43 Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus 2 seen at Panama Viejo Mudflats

44 Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis1 at Garduk Lodge (Nusagandi); 8 birds seen in Darien; 7 at Panama Viejo

45 Wattled Jacana Jacana jacana

1 seen at Yaviza Wetlands; 3 at the rice fields property; 1 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 2 at Ammo Dump Ponds

46 Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius 1 at Turquesa River

47 Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria 1 seen at the rice fields property

48 Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus 2 birds seen at Costa del Este

49 Willet Tringa semipalmata 2 birds seen at Panama Viejo mudflats

50 Laughing Gull Leucophaeus atricilla 1 at Panama Viejo





51 Wood Stork Mycteria americana 1 birds seen flying over the rice fields property

52 Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens 3 birds seen at Amador; 2 seen at Panama Viejo

53 Anhinga Anhinga anhinga2 at the rice field property; 1 at Turquesa River; 1 at Bayano Lake; 1 at Clayton

54 Neotropic Cormorant Nannopterum brasilianum

1 seen at Torti River; over 20 individuals at Turquesa River; 10 at Bayano Lake; 1 at Clayton; 2 at Amador; over 100 birds at Panama Viejo

55 Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis 1 seen flying over Nusagandi Reserve; 1 at Amador

56 Rufescent Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma lineatum 1 seen at Ammo Dump Ponds

57 Cocoi Heron Ardea cocoi1 seen at Yaviza Forest; 1 at Yaviza Wetlands; 2 at Bayano Lake

58 Great Egret Ardea alba1 at Torti River; 1 at Yavza Wetlands; 4 seen at Rice Field; 12 at Panama Viejo

59 Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea1 seen at Yaviza Wetlands; 2 at the rice field; 5 at Panama Viejo

60 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis

5 birds seen at the PanAmerican highway; 1 at Hotel Avicar; 5 birds at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Torti River; 6 at Yaviza Wetlands; over 100 birds at Puerto Lara (nesting site)

61 Striated Heron Butorides striata 1 seen at Yaviza Wetlands

62 Capped Heron Pilherodius pileatus1 at the private property (rice field); 1 bird see at Turquesa River

63 Boat-billed Heron Cochlearius cochlearius 12 birds seen at the nesting areas of Puerto Lara

64 White Ibis Eudocimus albus 1 bird seen at Puerto Lara; 3 at Panama Viejo

65 Green Ibis Mesembrinibis cayennensis 1 at Yaviza Forest

66 King Vulture Sarcoramphus papa1 bird were seen flying over Cerro Azul; 2 at San Francisco Reserve

67 Black Vulture Coragyps atratus Common throughout

68 Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura Common throughout

69 Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture Cathartes burrovianus 1 at Yaviza Wetlands; 3 at the rice fields property





70 White-tailed Kite Elanus leucurus1 bird seen at Puerto Limón Road; 1 at the rice fields property

71 Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus 6 birds seen at Cerro Azul; 5 at the rice fields property

72 Black Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus tyrannus 1 bird seen flying over El Salto Road

73 Double-toothed Kite Harpagus bidentatus1 bird seen at Cerro Azul; 1 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

74 Plumbeous Kite Ictinia plumbea1 at Cerro Azul; 4 at Nusagandi Reserve; 19 at San Francisco Reserve

75 Crane Hawk Geranospiza caerulescens 1 bird seen at the rice fields property

76 Common Black Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus 2 at Yaviza Wetlands

77 Savanna Hawk Buteogallus meridionalis 1 bird seen at the rice fields property

78 Roadside Hawk Rupornis magnirostris 9 individuals seen in different places at Darien

79 Gray-lined Hawk Buteo nitidus

1 bird seen at Torti River; 1 at the rice fields property; 1 at Turquesa River; 1 at Puerto Lara

80 Short-tailed Hawk Buteo brachyurus 1 at Nusagandi Reserve; 1 at Torti

81 Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus 1 at Torti River; 1 at El Salto Road

82 Barn Owl Tyto alba 1 at the rice fields property

83 Mottled Owl Ciccaba virgata 1 at Puerto Lara

84 Slaty-tailed Trogon Trogon massena2 birds seen at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 1 at Metropolitan Natural Park

85 Black-tailed Trogon Trogon melanurus3 at San Francisco Reserve; 4 at El Salto Road; 1 at Puerto Lara

86 White-tailed Trogon Trogon chionurus 5 seen at El Salto Road

87 Gartered Trogon Trogon caligatus 3 at Cerro Azul; 1 at San Francisco Reserve

88 Black-throated Trogon Trogon rufus 2 at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Pipeline Road

89 Whooping Motmot Momotus subrufescens

1 at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Torti River; 1 at the rice fields property; 1 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

90 Rufous Motmot Baryphthengus martii 1 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center





91 Broad-billed Motmot Electron platyrhynchum2 seen at Cerro Azul (main trail); 1 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

92 Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquata1 bird seen at Yaviza; 1 at Puerto Lara, 1 at Bayano Lake; 1 at Gamboa

93 Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona 1 at Torti River; 4 at Turquesa River (Nuevo Vigia)

94 Green Kingfisher Chloroceryle americana 2 at Turquesa River

95 White-necked Puffbird Notharchus hyperrhynchus 1 at El Salto Road

96 Black-breasted Puffbird Notharchus pectoralis A pair seen at Pipeline Road

97 Pied Puffbird Notharchus tectus 3 at San Francisco Reserve

98 Barred Puffbird Nystalus radiatus A pair seen at the road to Lajas Blancas (Darien)

99 White-whiskered Puffbird Malacoptila panamensis

1 at Maipo Trail (Cerro Azul); 1 at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

100 Gray-cheeked Nunlet Nonnula frontalis 1 bird seen at the rice fields property

101 Dusky-backed Jacamar Brachygalba salmoni A pair seen at Nuevo Vigia

102 Spot-crowned Barbet Capito maculicoronatus 1 bird seen at Nusagandi Reserve

103 Collared Aracari Pteroglossus torquatus

1 at San Francisco Reserve; 5 at the rice fields property; 3 at Turquesa River; 1 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

104 Keel-billed Toucan Ramphastos sulfuratus

1 at Cerro Azul; 3 at Nusagandi Reserve; 2 at San Francisco Reserve; 3 at El Salto Road; 4 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 1 at Amador; 3 at Metropolitan Natural Park

105 Olivaceous Piculet Picumnus olivaceus 3 bird seen at San Francisco Reserve

106 Black-cheeked Woodpecker Melanerpes pulcherani 1 seen at Cerro Azul; 3 seen at Nusagandi Reserve

107 Red-crowned Woodpecker Melanerpes rubricapillus Common throughout

108 Red-rumped Woodpecker Dryobates kirkii1 at the bridge over the Mono River; 1 at the rice fields property

109 Crimson-crested Woodpecker Campephilus melanoleucos A pair seen at Metropolitan Natural Park

110 Lineated Woodpecker Dryocopus lineatus 1 bird seen at El Salto Road





111 Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker Piculus callopterus A female seen at Cerro Azul

112 Spot-breasted Woodpecker Colaptes punctigula1 bird seen at Torti River; 2 at Yaviza Wetlands; 1 at Nuevo Vigia

113 Crested Caracara Caracara plancus 1 bird seen at Gamboa

114 Yellow-headed Caracara Milvago chimachima Common throughout

115 American Kestrel Falco sparverius

1 at Nusagandi Reserve; 1 at the rice fields property; 1 on the road on the highway from Darien to Panama City

116 Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis 1 bird seen on the road to Darien

117 Bat Falcon Falco rufigularis 1 bird seen at the road to Puerto Limón (Darien)

118 Orange-chinned Parakeet Brotogeris jugularis Common throughout

119 Brown-hooded Parrot Pyrilia haematotis8 flying over Nusagandi Reserve; 6 flying over Nuevo Vigia

120 Blue-headed Parrot Pionus monstruös

14 at the road to Puerto Limón; 5 at Yaviza Wetlands; 2 at Turquesa River; 3 at El Salto Road

121 Red-lored Parrot Amazona autumnalis

4 birds seen at Ibe Igar Trail (Nusagandi Reserve); 4 bird at Avicar Hotel (Torti); 2 at San Francisco Reserve; 6 at the road to Puerto Limón; 8 at Yaviza Forest; 20 at Yaviza Wetlands; 40 at El Salto Road; 15 at Puerto Lara; 6 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

122 Chestnut-fronted Macaw Ara severus 2 at El Salto Road

123 Fasciated Antshrike Cymbilaimus lineatus 6 at Metropolitan Natural Park

124 Great Antshrike Taraba major 1 at Torti River

125 Barred Antshrike Thamnophilus doliatus2 at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Ammo Dump Ponds; 3 at Amador

126 Black-crowned Antshrike Thamnophilus atrinucha

3 at Nusagandi Reserve; 1 at San Francisco Reserve; 4 at El Salto Road; 2 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 2 at Metropolitan Natural Park

127 Black Antshrike Thamnophilus nigriceps 2 at San Francisco Reserve; 2 at Puerto Lara

128 Russet Antshrike Thamnistes anabatinus 1 at Cerro Azul; 1 at Nusagandi Reserve





129 Checker-throated Stipplethroat Epinecrophylla fulviventris3 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 1 at Pipeline Road

130 Moustached Antwren Myrmotherula ignota 1 seen at Pipeline Road

131 Pacific Antwren Myrmotherula pacifica 1 seen at Nuevo Vigia

132 White-flanked Antwren Myrmotherula axillaris1 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 2 at Pipeline Road

133 Rusty-winged Antwren Herpsilochmus frater 1 at El Salto Road

134 Dot-winged Antwren Microrhopias quixensis 1 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

135 Dusky Antbird Cercomacroides tyrannina 2 at Metropolitan Natural Park

136 Jet Antbird Cercomacra nigricans 1 male at Bayano bridge

137 Bare-crowned Antbird Gymnocichla nudiceps A pair seen at Puerto Lara

138 Chestnut-backed Antbird Myrmeciza exsul

4 seen at Ibe Igar Trail (Nusagandi Reserve); 3 seen at San Francisco Reserve; 4 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

139 Dull-mantled Antbird Sipia laemosticta 1 at Ibe Igar trail (Nusagandi Reserve)

140 Bicolored Antbird Gymnopithys bicolor

1 seen at Cerro Azul; 6 seen at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 4 at Pipeline Road

141 Spotted Antbird Hylophylax naevioides2 seen at Cerro Azul; 4 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

142 Ocellated Antbird Phaenostictus mcleannani 2 birds seen at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

143 Streak-chested Antpitta Hylopezus perspicillatus 1 bird seen very well at Pipeline Road

144 Black-faced Antthrush Formicarius analis 3 birds seen at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

145 Cocoa Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus susurrans

1 seen and few individuals heard at Pipeline Road; 2 heard at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 1 heard at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at El Salto Road; 1 at Torti River

146 Olivaceous Woodcreeper Sittasomus griseicapillus 1 at Cerro Azul; 1 at Metropolitan Natural Park

147 Plain-brown Woodcreeper Dendrocincla fuliginosa

1 seen at San Francisco Reserve; 1 seen at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 1 at Metropolitan Natural Park





148 Northern Barred-Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae 1 seen at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

149 Cocoa Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus susurrans

2 seen at Cerro Azul; 1 at San Francisco Reserve; 2 at El Salto Road; 1 at Puerto Lara

150 Black-striped Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus lachrymosus 1 seen at Ibe Igar trail (Nusagandi Reserve)

151 Red-billed Scythebill Campylorhamphus trochilirostris 1 seen at the rice field property

152 Streak-headed Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes souleyetii 2 birds seen at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Puerto Lara

153 Lance-tailed Manakin Chiroxiphia lanceolata 1 male seen at Metropolitan Natural Park

154 White-ruffed Manakin Corapipo altera 3 at Cerro Azul

155 Blue-crowned Manakin Lepidothrix coronata 3 seen at Nusagandi Reserve; 3 at Pipeline Road

156 Golden-collared Manakin Manacus vitellinus

3 at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Puerto Lara; 2 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

157 Red-capped Manakin Ceratopipra mentalis

1 at Cerro Azul; 1 at San Francisco Reserve; 2 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

158 Golden-headed Manakin Ceratopipra erythrocephala 2 seen at Puerto Lara

159 Purple-throated Fruitcrow Querula purpurata 6 seen at Pipeline Road

160 Blue Cotinga Cotinga nattereriA pair seen from the tower at the Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

161 Black-crowned Tityra Tityra inquisitor 1 at Nuevo Vigia

162 Masked Tityra Tityra semifasciata2 at Yaviza Wetlands; 1 at Turquesa River; 2 at Puerto Lara

163 Russet-winged Schiffornis Schiffornis stenorhyncha 1 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

164 Cinnamon Becard Pachyramphus cinnamomeus1 birds seen at Torti River; 1 seen at the rice fields property

165 White-winged Becard Pachyramphus polychopterus1 at Reserva San Francisco; 4 at Torti River; 2 at Metropolitan Park

166 Royal Flycatcher Onychorhynchus coronatus A pair seen at San Francisco Reserve

167 Olive-striped Flycatcher Mionectes olivaceus 1 at Nusagandi Reserve





168 Ochre-bellied Flycatcher Mionectes oleagineus1 seen at Cerro Azul; 1 seen at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Metropolitan Natural Park

169 Southern Bentbill Oncostoma olivaceum1 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 3 at Metropolitan Natural Park

170 Common Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum cinereum 3 seen at Torti River

171 Black-headed Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum nigriceps 1 seen at the rice fields property

172 Yellow-margined Flycatcher Tolmomyias assimilis1 birds seen at Torti River; 2 at El Salto Road; 1 at the Metropolitan Natural Park

173 Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet Camptostoma obsoletum1 at Cerro Azul; 1 at Puerto Lara; 1 at Metropolitan Natural Park

174 Yellow Tyrannulet Capsiempis flaveola A pair seen at Torti River; 1 at Ammo Dump Ponds

175 Yellow-crowned Tyrannulet Tyrannulus elatus 1 at San Francisco Reserve; 2 at Amador

176 Forest Elaenia Myiopagis gaimardii 1 bird seen at San Francisco Reserve

177 Greenish Elaenia Myiopagis viridicata 1 at the Metropolitan Natural Park

178 Yellow-bellied Elaenia Elaenia flavogaster 1 bird seen at Amador Causeway

179 Sooty-headed Tyrannulet Phyllomyias griseiceps 1 bird seen at San Francisco Reserve

180 Mistletoe Tyrannulet Zimmerius parvus 2 bird seen at Cerro Azul

181 Tropical Pewee Contopus cinereus1 bird seen at Cerro Azul; 1 bird seen at San Francisco Reserve

182 Pied Water-Tyrant Fluvicola pica 2 birds seen at Yaviza Wetlands

183 Choco Sirystes Sirystes albogriseus 1 bird seen at El Salto Road

184 Rufous Mourner Rhytipterna holerythra 1 bird seen at Nusagandi Reserve

185 Dusky-capped Flycatcher Myiarchus tuberculifer 1 bird seen at Cerro Azul

186 Lesser Kiskadee Pitangus lictor

2 at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Turquesa River; 2 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center (Calamito Lake)

187 Great Kiskadee Pitangus sulphuratus

2 birds seen at San Francisco Reserve; 4 seen at Yaviza Wetlands; 1 at Nuevo Vigia; 2 at Amador; 1 at Panama Viejo

188 Boat-billed Flycatcher Megarynchus pitangua 4 birds seen at the road to Puerto Lara





189 Rusty-margined Flycatcher Myiozetetes cayanensis 2 at Torti River; 1 at Yaviza Wetlands; 1 at Puerto Lara

190 Social Flycatcher Myiozetetes similis 4 at Torti River; 1 at Ammo Dump Ponds

191 Gray-capped Flycatcher Myiozetetes granadensis 3 at Nuevo Vigia

192 White-ringed Flycatcher Conopias albovittatus 1 at San Francisco Reserve

193 Streaked Flycatcher Myiodynastes maculatus

1 at Mono River bridge; 3 at Torti River; 1 at Yaviza Wetlands; 1 at Nuevo Vigia; 2 at Puerto Lara

194 Piratic Flycatcher Legatus leucophaius2 at San Francisco Reserve; 1 seen at Nuevo Vigia; 1 at El Salto Road

195 Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus Common throughout

196 Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus 1 at the road to Las Peñitas

197 Fork-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus savana

2 seen at the road to Nusagandi Reserve; 1 seen at San Francisco Reserve; 2 at Torti River; 3 at Puerto Lara

198 Scrub Greenlet Hylophilus flavipes 1 bird seen at Ammo Dump Ponds

199 Lesser Greenlet Pachysylvia decurtata 1 bird seen at Metropolitan Natural Park

200 Golden-fronted Greenlet Pachysylvia aurantiifrons

3 birds seen at Torti River; 2 seen at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 2 at Metropolitan Natural Park

201 Yellow-green Vireo Vireo flavoviridis 1 bird seen at Metropolitan Natural Park

202 Black-chested Jay Cyanocorax affinis6 birds seen at El Salto Road; 6 at Turquesa River; 3 at Puerto Lara

203 Black-capped Donacobius Donacobius atricapilla 2 birds seen at the rice fields property

204 Southern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx ruficollis

1 bird seen at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Torti River; 5 at Turquesa River; 1 at Ammo Dump Ponds

205 Gray-breasted Martin Progne chalybea Common throughout

206 Brown-chested Martin Progne tapera 7 birds seen at Torti River

207 Mangrove Swallow Tachycineta albilinea Over 25 birds at Turquesa River; 1 bird seen at Amador

208 Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica 5 birds seen at the rice fields property

209 Long-billed Gnatwren Ramphocaenus melanurus 1 bird at Cerro Azul; 2 at San Francisco Reserve





210 Slate-throated Gnatcatcher Polioptila schistaceigula A pair seen at Nusagandi Reserve

211 White-browed Gnatcatcher Polioptila bilineata1 seen at Cerro Azul; 2 at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Torti River

212 Scaly-breasted Wren Microcerculus marginatus 2 birds seen at Maipo Trail (Cerro Azul)

213 House Wren Troglodytes aedon Common throughout

214 White-headed Wren Campylorhynchus albobrunneus 1 seen at the road to Puerto Lara

215 Bicolored Wren Campylorhynchus griseus 1 bird seen at Yaviza town

216 Rufous-breasted Wren Pheugopedius rutilus 3 birds seen at Metropolitan Natural Park

217 Rufous-and-white Wren Thryophilus rufalbus 4 birds seen at Metropolitan Natural Park

218 Isthmian Wren Cantorchilus elutus 3 birds seen at Cerro Azul; 2 birds seen at Amador

219 Bay Wren Cantorchilus nigricapillus3 birds seen at Ibe Igar Trail (Nusagandi Reserve); 1 seen at San Francisco Reserve

220 Buff-breasted Wren Cantorchilus leucotis 2 birds seen at Yaviza Wetlands

221 White-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucosticta 1 bird seen at Maipo Trail (Cerro Azul)

222 Song Wren Cyphorhinus phaeocephalus 5 birds seen at Ibe Igar Trail (Nusagando Reserve)

223 Tropical Mockingbird Mimus gilvus Common throughout

224 Clay-colored Thrush Turdus graai Common throughout

225 House Sparrow Passer domesticus Several birds at Avicar Hotel (Torti); 4 seen at Yaviza town

226 Yellow-crowned Euphonia Euphonia luteicapilla 2 at Cerro Azul; 1 at Amador Causeway

227 Thick-billed Euphonia Euphonia laniirostris

1 at Cerro Azul; 2 at San Francisco Reserve; 3 at Torti River; 1 at Puerto Lara; 1 at El Salto Road; 2 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

228 Fulvous-vented Euphonia Euphonia fulvicrissa 1 bird seen at Nusagandi Reserve

229 Tawny-capped Euphonia Euphonia anneae 1 bird seen at Cerro Azul

230 Lesser Goldfinch Spinus psaltria 1 bird seen at Torti River

231 Black-striped Sparrow Arremonops conirostris 1 bird seen at Garduk Lodge (Nusagandi Reserve)





232 Orange-billed Sparrow Arremon aurantiirostris3 bird seen at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Metropolitan National Park

233 Red-breasted Meadowlark Leistes militaris1 bird seen at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at the rice fields property

234 Crested Oropendola Psarocolius decumanus 3 birds seen at El Salto Road; 5 at Torti River

235 Chestnut-headed Oropendola Psarocolius wagleri 3 birds seen at Turquesa River

236 Black Oropendola Psarocolius guatimozinus 1 bird seen at Turquesa River

237 Scarlet-rumped Cacique Cacicus uropygialis4 bird seen at Cerro Azul; 5 at Nusagandi Reserve; 1 at the Metropolitan Natural Park

238 Yellow-rumped Cacique Cacicus cela 1 bird seen at E Salto Road

239 Yellow-backed Oriole Icterus chrysater 2 seen at El Salto Road; 2 at Metropolitan Natural Park

240 Orange-crowned Oriole Icterus auricapillus 2 at the rice field property; 1 at El Salto Road

241 Yellow-tailed Oriole Icterus mesomelas1 at Torti River; 1 at Yaviza Wetlands; 1 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

242 Shiny Cowbird Molothrus bonariensis4 at Yaviza Wetlands; 2 at Nuevo Vigia; 2 at Puerto Lara;

243 Great-tailed Grackle Quiscalus mexicanus Common throughout

244 Carib Grackle Quiscalus lugubris 2 at Bellagio Hotel (Meteti); 5 at Yaviza town

245 Yellow-hooded Blackbird Chrysomus icterocephalus 5 at the rice field

246 Tennessee Warbler Leiothlypis peregrina 4 birds seen at Panama Viejo

247 Yellow Warbler Setophaga petechia 3 at Panama Viejo

248 Chestnut-capped Warbler Basileuterus delattrii 3 at Cerro Azul

249 Buff-rumped Warbler Myiothlypis fulvicauda 2 bird seen at San Francisco Reserve

250 Dusky-faced Tanager Mitrospingus cassinii 1 bird seen at Ibe Igar Trail (Nusagandi Reserve)

251 Hepatic Tanager Piranga flava 3 birds seen at Cerro Azul

252 Red-throated Ant-Tanager Había fuscicauda 1 bird seen at Pipeline Road; 6 at Metropolitan Natural Park

253 Carmiol's Tanager Chlorothraupis carmioli 15 birds seen at Cerro Azul; 4 at Nusagandi Reserve

254 Gray-headed Tanager Eucometis penicillata 5 birds seen at Pipeline Road





255 White-shouldered Tanager Loriotus luctuosus

1 bird seen at San Francisco Reserve; 3 at the rice field property; 2 at El Salto Road; 2 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center; 10 at Metropolitan Natural Park

256 Tawny-crested Tanager Tachyphonus delatrii Over 30 birds seen at Nusagandi Reserve

257 Flame-rumped Tanager Ramphocelus flammigerus 2 birds seen at Nuevo Vigia

258 Crimson-backed Tanager Ramphocelus dimidiatus Common throughout

259 Blue-gray Tanager Thraupis episcopus Very common, seen every day of the tour

260 Palm Tanager Thraupis palmarum Common throughout

261 Speckled Tanager Ixothraupis guttata 4 birds seen at Cerro Azul

262 Golden-hooded Tanager Stilpnia larvata

4 at Summit Rainforest Resort; 2 at Nusagandi Reserve; 2 at San Francisco Reserve; 2 at Nuevo Vigia community

263 Plain-colored Tanager Tangara inornata

2 birds seen at Nusagandi Reserve; 3 at San Francisco Reserve; 4 at Sanson Abajo; 3 at Torti River

264 Rufous-winged Tanager Tangara lavinia 1 at Cerro Azul; 3 at Nusagandi Reserve

265 Bay-headed Tanager Tangara gyrola 13 birds seen at Cerro Azul

266 Emerald Tanager Tangara florida 1 bird seen at Nusagandi Reserve

267 Scarlet-thighed Dacnis Dacnis venusta 2 birds seen at Cerro Azul; 1 at Nusagandi Reserve

268 Blue Dacnis Dacnis cayana

2 seen at Nusagandi Reserve; 1 at San Francisco Reserve; 4 at the rice fields property; 1 at Puerto Lara

269 Shining Honeycreeper Cyanerpes lucidus6 birds seen at Cerro Azul; 3 at Nusagandi Reserve; 1 at San Francisco Reserve

270 Red-legged Honeycreeper Cyanerpes cyaneus

1 seen at Rio Mono bridge; 2 at San Francisco Reserve; 2 at Puerto Lara; 2 at Bayano Lake; 2 at Panama Rainforest Discovery Center

271 Green Honeycreeper Chlorophanes spiza3 birds seen at Cerro Azul; 2 bird seen at Nusagandi Reserve

272 Black-and-yellow Tanager Chrysothlypis chrysomelas5 birds seen at Cerro Azul; 5 birds seen at Nusagandi Reserve





273 White-eared Conebill Conirostrum leucogenys 1 bird seen at the bridge over Rio Mono

274 Saffron Finch Sicalis flaveola 2 birds seen at Clayton; 2 at Amador

275 Blue-black Grassquit Volatinia jacarina

1 bird seen at the road to Nusagandi Reserve; Over 10 birds at San Francisco Reserve; 3 at Torti River; 2 at Yaviza Wetlands; 15 birds seen at the rice field; 1 at Puerto Lara

276 Ruddy-breasted Seedeater Sporophila minuta 7 at the rice fields property

277 Thick-billed Seed-Finch Sporophila funerea

1 seen at Cerro Azul; 2 at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Bayano Lake; 1 at Ammo Dump Ponds

278 Variable Seedeater Sporophila corvina Very common, seen every day of the tour

279 Bananaquit Coereba flaveola

1 at the bridge over Mono River; 1 at Torti River; 1 at Yaviza Wetlands; 1 at the rice fields property; 1 at the road to Las Peñitas; 4 at El Salto Road;

280 Yellow-faced Grassquit Tiaris olivaceus 2 at Cerro Azul; 3 at Garduk Lodge (Nusagandi Reserve)

281 Buff-throated Saltator Saltator maximus2 at San Francisco Reserve; 1 at Torti River; 2 at the rice fields property





Reptiles

Mammals

1 Boa constrictor Boa constrictor 1 seen at Puerto Lara at the Mottled Owl spot

2 Green Iguana Iguana iguana 1 seen at Torti; 1 seen at Gamboa

3 Common Basilisk Basiliscus basiliscus 1 seen at Puerto Lara

4 Spectacled Caiman Caiman crocodilus 1 seen at Torti

5 American Crocodile Crocodylus acutus At Calamito Lake (Panama Rainforest Discovery Center)

1 Brown-throated Three-toed Sloth Bradypus variegatus 1 seen at El Salto Road

2 Central American Agouti Dasyprocta punctata 1 seen at Cerro Azul; few individuals seen at Pipeline Road

3 Red-tailed Squirrel Sciurus granatensis Seen at Cerro Azul; Seen at El Salto Road

4 Tayra Eira barbara Seen at El Salto Road

5 White-nosed Coati Nasua narica Seen on the road to Gamboa

6 Geoffroy’s Tamarin Sanguinus geoffroyi1 troop seen at the road to Nusagandi Reserve; 1 troop at Torti River; 1 troop at El Salto Road

7 White-faced Capuchin Cebus imitator 1 troop seen at Pipeline Road

8 Mantled Howler Monkey Alouatta palliata 1 troop at Nusagandi Reserve; 1 at El Salto Road; 1 at Pipeline Road



panama birding tour

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