parish nurse regional meeting
TRANSCRIPT
Parish Nurse Parish Nurse Regional Regional MeetingMeeting
9-3-099-3-09Wound CareWound Care
PreventionRecognize the risk factors: DiabetesVenous insufficiencyArterial insufficiencyMalnutritionDehydrationDeformityImmobility
PreventionOther Risk Factors
RA
Alcoholism
Cigarettes
Gout
Factitial
Idiopathic Neuropathy
PreventionHygiene
PreventionMovement- Aids in creating collateral blood flow.- Activates calf muscle pump. - Helps control blood sugar
PreventionMonitor risk factors:
Pulses
Sensation
Deformity
Atrophy
Callus
Integrity
Prevention
Shoes
Do the shoes fit?
Diabetic shoes
Extra depth shoes
PreventionSocks
Diabetic socks
Compression socks
Farrow wraps
How Wounds Heal
How Wounds HealChronic Wounds
Not 30% smaller at week 4 s/p injury
MMP’s
Senescent cells
Biofilm/Bioburden
Too few growth factors
BiofilmBiofilm is a community of planktonic bacteria in the extracellular matrix. Infection = 10 to the 6th
Biofilm = 10 to the 5th or greater60% of chronic wounds have biofilms.
Source: Costerton, J William. SAWC presentation 2006
Dressings for Bioburden
Silver dressings- bind and destroy cell walls of bacteria, yeast, fungi and viruses ON CONTACT (for colonized, critically colonized wounds)
Cadexomer Iodine- kills bacteria, viruses and fungus. Removes sloughy tissue.
(For colonized wounds)
Hydrofera Blue- methylene blue and crystal violet inhibit growth of bacteria.
Combination TherapySystemic antibiotics – use when SOI extend
beyond ulcer margins.
Topical anti-microbials
Types of UlcersPressure Ulcer
Types of UlcersDiabetic Ulcer
Types of UlcersVenous Ulcer
Types of UlcersArterial Ulcers
TreatmentLet the Punishment fit the Crime
Remove all necrotic tissue
Manage Infection
Understand patient’s lifestyle, goals and expectations.Wound Healing Society
When to change treatment
10-15% reduction in wound size
per week is normal healing.
Source: Plasti Reconstructive surgery. Attinger CE, et al 2006 June: 117
Treatment: Pressure Ulcers
Manage local or systemic infection
Manage Pain
Manage necrotic tissue
Offload pressure area
Cleanse
DressingsSource: European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel
Treatment: Diabetic Ulcers
Manage local or systemic infection
Manage Pain
Manage Blood Glucose
Manage necrotic tissue
Offload pressure area
Cleanse
Dressings
Treatment: Venous Ulcer
Vascular Studies
Topical wound management
Debridement
Leg Elevation
Compression- based on vascular studies
Source: Advances in Skin and Wound Care Vol 22 No.9
Treatment: Arterial UlcerReperfusion- surgical or pharmacological
Moisture balance
Pain control
Wet Gangrene – Needs immediate sharp debridement
Dry Gangrene – Must be kept dry until reperfusion.
Wound Care TeamNursePrimary Care PhysicianTrained wound care practitionerNutritionistInfectious Disease SpecialistVascular SpecialistSurgeonOrthotist/Prosthetist
ResourcesAdvances in Skin and Wound Care- free
publication
EPUAP/NPUAP
Wound Healing Society
Wound Care Information Network
World Wide Wounds
Thank You!Thank You!