pathways to sustainable energy projectmessage is a dynamic, multi-period optimization model. it is a...
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E N E R G Y
Pathways to Sustainable Energy Project
Project Kick-off and Scenario Scoping14 June 2017, Astana
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• Project Overview
• Modeling Approach, Models
• Review: Storylines, Scenarios and Target Definition
Agenda
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Project Overview
• Objectives and approach
• Implementation phases
• Stakeholder engagement
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Timeframe: May 2017 – Dec 2018
Expected accomplishments (1) Modelling of Sustainable Energy ScenariosEnhanced understanding of the UNECE member States of alternative pathways for transitions to a sustainable energy future. (2) Conceptualisation of an early-warning systemEnhanced knowledge of member States to apply early-warning indicators and a mechanism to track implementation of national contributions towards reaching common goals. (3) Policy Dialogue and Formulation of Adaptive Policy PathwaysIncreased capacities of national energy ministries to develop, implement and track national sustainable energy strategies.
Key deliverables Energy scenarios modeled based on UNECE-SSP merged storylines Definition of adaptive policy pathways Development of policy and technology options / technology portfolio, roadmap KPIs to conceptualize early-warning system to track progress 2-4 energy expert workshops to define and discuss policy options High-level policy dialogue planned for 2018
Project Overview
Pathways to Sustainable Energy
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Project Stakeholders
Pathways to Sustainable Energy
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UNECE Region
Sub-regional Clusters
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Global Modelling
Regional subsets
North America
Western Europe
Central and Eastern Europe
Southeast Europe
Caucasus
See countries in each cluster here:
http://data.ene.iiasa.ac.at/message-globiom/message_globiom/overview/spatial.html
Central Asia
Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova
Russian Federation
Turkey
Israel
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UNECE
Overall project coordination
Policy dialogues
Project steering (CSE)
IIASA
World Model (MESSAGE)
Regional and thematical zoom-ins
PNNL
World Model (GCAM)
Regional and thematical zoom-ins
Fraunhofer
Full technology portfolio survey
Technological zoom-in for system integration technologies
International coordination of modelers
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Project Outline
Division of Work
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Trends
Sustainable Energy Storylines
- Definition of trends & uncertainties
- Narrative Descriptions
Research Questions
(Case Studies, Deep Dives)
- Definition of particular thematic or sub-regional aspects, policies
- Definition of research questions
Technology Assessment
- Trends and cost evaluations for sustainable energy technology options
Energy Policies Research- Current policies
- Other polices (NDCs, energy related)
Analysis
Modell preparation
- Definition of Input Assumptions (drivers) & Indicators (energy
security, climate, quality of life, etc.)
- Adaptation of SSP datasets based on (new) data requirements
- Quantfication of SE target
- Model development / finalisation
Modelling / Assessment
- Energy scenarios: energy supply, demand, technology mix, costs,
climate budget, etc.
- Modelling / testing of policy options
- Topical / Sub-regional deep dives
Policy options
- 2-3 Policy energy expert workshops
Results
Adaptive Policy Pathways
- Policy Briefs
- Policy dialogues
Case Studies / Deep Dives Results
- 3-5 selected SE Scenarios
Technology Pathways
Portfolio, Roadmap
Early-Warning System
- Defining KPIs
- Concept development
Engagement of Energy Expert Community
• Storylines
• Technology trends
• Policies
• Defining assumptions / indicators
• Developing policy options
• Policy energy expert workshops
• Outreach
• Policy dialogues
May 2017 – Dec 2017 June 2017 – Oct 2018 Nov 2017 – Dec 2018
Pathways to Sustainable Energy
Project Implementation Phases
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Project Timeline
Engagement with the Expert Community
May 2017 Dec 2018
Project Update session at CSE
Geneva, Sep 2017
Policy Dialogue at CSE
Discuss policy options & pathways
Geneva, Sep 2018
Kick-off & Expert Workshop at 8th IFESD
Astana, Jun 2017
Expert Workshop at 9th IFESD
Derive / discuss policy options / pathways
Ukraine, Q3 2018High-level Political Dialogue
Russia (tbc), Q1 (2019)
Expert Workshop - tbc
Discuss technology & policy options
tbd, Q1 2018
CSE = Committee on Sustainable Energy
IFESD = Internat. Forum on Energy for Sust. Dev.
Modeler Kick-off Workshop
Oberhausen, May 2017
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Modeling Approach, Models
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Project Outline
Technological Portfolio and Zoom-In (2017)
Technology Portfolio
• Nuclear energy, hard/soft coal, natural gas, oil, biomass, wind, solar,
CCS/ CDR, energy efficiency technologies in final energy uses etc.
• Description of state of the art
• Key parameters (Fuel costs, Capex, Efficiency (energy output/input)
Data input:
• Literature (meta-analysis); comparison of results with data used in
models
Data output:
• Market share, global / regional energy demand & consumption, CO2
emissions
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Project Outline
Technological Portfolio and Zoom-In (2017)
Technology Zoom-In• Energy Storage, Power2X, CCS / CDR technologies Energy Efficiency
Data input:
• Literature (meta-analysis); comparison of results with data used in models
Data Output:
• State of the art (Power2X, storage)
• Overview on CCS/CDR technologies & energy efficiency potentials by sectors:
buildings, industry, appliances, transport
• Expected development of currently available technologies plus cutting edge
technologies with the potential to play a significant role in future energy systems
• Technological relevance: regional case studies, global/regional technology
demand, market penetration/spatial share of technologies
• Technology cost: Current and future cost figures, Capex evolution, Development
of marginal abatement cost curves
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Disaggregation of the FSU region into Russian Federation, Central Asia, Caucasus and sub-region Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova.
a) Base year energy flows and generation mix calibration
b) Add and aggregate current and expected national policies
c) Make sub-regions consistent with SSP2 scenario (2015-2050/2100)
• Update technology portfolio to reflect imminent deep technology dives (input Fraunhofer) for all 14 IIASA model regions
• Ensure consistency/harmonization of technology and scenario assumption among PNNL/IIASA & Fraunhofer
• Modelling and testing of ‘Research Questions’
• Testing adaptive policy pathways as well as KPIs
• Present to, and discuss with, UNECE and stakeholders, initial set of scenario outcomes (1st Q 2018)
• Based on feedback received refine workplan for 201813
Project Outline
Modelling Approach: 2017
ENERGY
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MESSAGE is a dynamic, multi-period optimization model.
It is a bottom-up systems engineering model designed for medium- to long-term energy system planning, energy policy analysis, and scenario development.
MESSAGE currently features 11 world regions covering the entire globe.
It is a scenario-oriented energy system model; scenarios are developed through minimizing model total discounted energy system costs under a set of engineering and user defined constraints imposed on the energy system.
Future demands for energy services is one of the key scenario inputs. MESSAGE provides information on the utilization of domestic resources, energy imports & exports, investment requirements, technologies selected, pollutant emissions, etc.
It informs the user if policies imposed on the model are ‘technically’ and financially feasible (and if, at what costs and trade-offs).
The model takes into account existing installations, their vintage and retirement schedules. The optimisation process, then determines the need for new generating capacity and the investment requirements
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MESSAGE - Model for Energy Supply System
Alternatives & their General Environmental Impacts
ENERGY
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MESSAGE
As part of IIASA’s Integrated Assessment Framework
Slides: IIASA
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Slides: IIASAMESSAGE
Inputs and Outputs
Mathematical Formulation behind MESSAGE:
http://data.ene.iiasa.ac.at/message-globiom/message_globiom/annex/message/index.html
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GCAM - The Global Change Assessment
Modeling FrameworkWhat is the Global Change Assessment
Model (GCAM)?
283 Land Regions
32 Energy Economy
Regions
233 Water Basins
global&integrated&assessment&model&
Economic,&Energy,&Land4use,&Water,& &Climate& &
wiki.umd.edu/gcam&
Energy,(climate,(and(other(policies(
Socioeconomic(development(
Technology(and(resource(developments(
Climate(impacts(and(adapta9on(
GCAM: a global integrated assessment model
Links economic, energy, land use, water, and
climate systems
32 geopolitical regions
283 land-use regions
233 water basins
Runs through 2100 in 5-year time steps
Emissions of 24 GHGs and short-lived species
Used to analyze consequences of
interdependencies between human and Earth
systems
Energy, climate, and other policies
Socioeconomic development
Technology and resource changes
Climate impacts and adaptation
Community model
Developed and housed at the Joint Global Change
Research Institute, research collaborationsSlides: PNNL
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GCAM
Inputs and Outputs
Scenario Assumptions
• Socioeconomic development
• Energy, land use, and water technologies
• Policies
• Resources
Inputs and Output in IA Models
Scenario&Outputs&
Prices and production quantities:
Energy sectors
Transportation Primary energy resources Agricultural products
Land use Crops (by type) Pasture Unmanaged
Water demand Raw demand by sector Response to scarcity
Greenhouse gases
Economic indicators Economic losses Income transfer
Scenario&Assump@ons&
Socioeconomic assumptions
Energy, land use, and
water technologies
Policies
Resources
Scenario Outputs
Prices, quantities
Energy production
Agricultural demand and
production
Land use
Crop (by type)
Pasture
Forest
Unmanaged
Water demand
Greenhouse gas emissions
Economic indicators
Income transfer
Policy costsSlides: PNNL
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National energy statistics, energy and electricity balances (if different from IEA)
Current national policies (energy, environment, NDCs, other relevant development policies)
(Large) energy projects under construction, advanced planning
A contact person for potential future interaction
please send to [email protected]
Data Inputs from countries
Seeking support
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Review: Storylines, Scenarios, and Target Definition
• UNECE Sustainable Energy Storylines
• Key challenges of defining Sustainable Energy
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Visionary Storylines (narratives)
Overview
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Visionary Storylines (narratives)
DRAFT Summaries
AInnovative but less cooperative
Technology development and innovation in home markets, with service-
based business models and decarbonisation of fossil fuels and system-
wide efficiency.
BInnovative, collaborative and green
Service-based business models with emergence of energy “prosumers”,
increased decentralisation, increased trade and interconnection,
aggressive application of innovative low-carbon technologies.
CFocusing inward: Energy independence fueled by fossil energy
Strong acceleration of energy efficiency measures from source to use;
focus on domestic energy sources and energy independency / security.
DThe conservatives: Progress step by step
Sustained high penetration of fossil fuels in the energy system with
increased application of decarbonisation approaches based on
technology transfer; extension of networks and collaboration
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Shared Socio-Economic Pathways (SSPs)
Overview
• 2007-2013:
Development of narrative
socio‐economic scenarios, to
derive emissions scenarios
without and with climate policies
• Purpose:
Integrated analysis of future
climate impacts, vulnerabilities,
adaptation, and mitigation
• 2013-2016:
Quantified datasets for
Population and GDP Growth,
Urbanisation
Full SSP database available online:
https://tntcat.iiasa.ac.at/SspDb/dsd?Action=htmlpage&page=welcome
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SSP2: Middle of the Road
Overview
• SSP2 does not imply a simple extrapolation of recent experience, but rather a development pathway that is consistent with typical patterns of historical experience observed over the past century Social, economic, and technological trends follow historical patterns:
• Global population growth is moderate and levels off in the second half of the century;
• Moderate population growth, persisting income inequality
• Most economies are politically stable; Globally connected markets function imperfectly. Medium economic growth
• Slow progress in achieving SDGs
• Environmental systems degrade, overall resource & energy intensity declines.
• Even though fossil fuel dependency decreases slowly, there is no reluctance to use unconventional fossil resources.
• Technological progress continues without major slowdowns or accelerations.
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Energy Security
Sustainable
Energy
Quality of Life Environmental
Sustainability
• Supply to meet
demand (but
differing
conceptualisations)
• …
• Air pollution
control
• Climate
commitments
• …
• Energy
affordability
• …
Target Definition: Sustainable Energy
Draft: 3 Components
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Building the Scenarios, based on SSP2
Drivers (Inputs)
Meta Drivers (underlying characteristics of energy system)
International Cooperation (degree of openness to trade)
Innovation (technology costs development, changes in efficiency, business models)
Drivers (Range definitions) Energy efficiency (end-use, conversion)
Energy Storage
Electric Vehicles
Abundance of fossil fuels (all types), extraction costs
CCS (incl. BECCS)
Power to X (efficiency, CapEx)
Nuclear
Renewable energies (BM, non-BM, system integration, CapEx, efficiency)
Policies Subsidies (carbon price, taxes, etc. )
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Building the Scenarios, based on SSP2
Indicators (Outputs)
Indicators Final energy intensity (SDG7)
Carbon intensity (SDG13)
Carbon budget (temperature change)
Energy prices
Share of RE (SDG7)
Investment requirements (SDG7)
Energy imports and exports
Food prices / consumption (SDG2)
Energy access (energy use?) (SDG7)
Water use of energy sector (SDG6)
Pollutants (SDG9)
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Focal question: How can countries attain sustainable energy?
• Role of FF in a future sustainable energy system
• Methane leakage from extraction, transmission, distribution
• Competitiveness of RE compared to FF; synergies of RE & FF; RE grid-
integration; RE and Gas
• Energy efficiency policies as enabler for other policies / holistic approach
• Investment requirements to attain certain level of RE, changing of investment
patterns for transition towards SE system
• Quantum leap of technologies: Technologies as game changer
• Sub-regional topics to be defined
• Others
DRAFT Research Questions
Thematical / Sub-regional Case Studies & Deep Dives
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E N E R G Y
Elisabeth Tinschert, Stefanie Held
[email protected], [email protected]
Sustainable Energy Division
UNECE
Date 14 I 07 I 2017, Astana
Thank you!