plants! an introduction. plants all plants are multi-cellular, autotrophic eukaryotes. lots of...
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Plants!An introduction
Plants All plants are multi-cellular, autotrophic
eukaryotes. Lots of cells. Produces its own food using chlorophyll. Has a Nucleus .
Plants Plants are not able to independently move
from one place to another. Plants have dedicated tissues
Groups of cells to perform specific functions.
All plants undergo sexual reproduction
Plant reproduction All plants undergo sexual reproduction
involving fertilization producing a zygote Fertilized egg.(seeds)
All plants have life cycles which alternates between a gametophyte and a sporophyte. Gametes - sex cells
Plant reproduction The sporophyte produces spores by
meiosis. In flowering plants, the sporophyte
comprises the whole body except the pollen and seeds.
Plant reproduction A gametophyte is the structure, or phase,
that contains a single set of chromosomes. In flowering plants there are the female
gametophyte (ovule) and the male gametophyte (pollen) structures.
Plant reproduction
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Plant reproduction
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Plant reproduction
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Plants The plant kingdom is one of the largest
groups of living things with more than half a million different species. Examples include: multi-cellular algae, moss,
ferns, flowering plants, and trees.
Plant Classifications There are only 4 distinct types of plants.
Non-vascular seedless plants Vascular seedless Vascular non-flowering (like pine cones) Vascular flowering
Plant Classifications Non-Vascular Seedless
Plants that do not use a system of vessels to transport water and nutrients between different parts of the plant.
Non-vascular plants are the simplest of all land dwelling plants.
All are low-growing. First plants on land.
Plant Classifications Non-Vascular Seedless
Mosses
http://visual.merriam-webster.com/images/plants-gardening/plants/moss/examples-mosses.jpg
Moss Structure
Diagram modified from: http://bryophytes.science.oregonstate.edu/page3.htm#anchor30816
Plant Classifications Non-Vascular Seedless
Liverworts
http://www.sheffield.ac.uk/content/1/c6/05/24/91/liverworts-close-up-web.jpg
Plant Classifications Non-Vascular Seedless
Hornworts
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/plants/hornwortyoung.jpg
Plant Classifications Seedless, Vascular
The plants in this group have a true vascular transport system for the movement of water and nutrients
They are "seedless" because they reproduce by means of spores.
Spore a reproductive structure that is adapted for dispersal.
Plant Classifications Seedless, Vascular
Ferns
http://kmacphoto.net/ferns.jpg
Structure of a Fern
http://nefern.info/topics/tpcfrond.htm
Plant Classifications Seedless, Vascular
Horsetails
http://www.library.illinois.edu/vex/toxic/hrstail/6-29-19.jpg
Plant Classifications Seedless, Vascular
Whisk Ferns
http://www.palaeos.com/Plants/Images/Psilotum.jpg
Plant Classifications Seeds, Vascular
Include conifers and flowering plants, Plants have vascular transport system and
produce seeds.
Plant Classifications Seeds, Vascular flowering
Angiosperms
http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Courses/211L/Anthoph/floweringplant
Angiosperm Life Cycle
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Angiosperm Life Cycle Parts of a seed.
http://extension.missouri.edu/p/MG3
Plant Classifications Seeds, Vascular Non-flowering
Gymnosperms
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/graphics/taxonomy/plants/spermatophyta/Gymnosperms/
Gymnosperm Life Cycle
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Gymnosperm Life Cycle Parts of a cone.
Parts of a Plant LEAF
Absorbs sunlight for plant to convert to energy. Stores chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis. Contain Stoma
a pore, found in the leaf and stem of plants that is used for gas exchange
Can be wide and flat (as in a maple leaf) or long and thin (as in a cactus spine)
Covered with a water proof layer called the cuticle
Parts of a Plant LEAF
http://www.woodlands.co.uk/images/tree-identification/leafdiagram.jpg
Parts of a Plant LEAF
http://www.molecularexpressions.com/cells/
leaftissue/images/leafstructurelargefigure1.jpg
Parts of a Plant STEM
supports leaves and flowers. carries water, minerals, and food up and down between
the plant’s leaves and roots. can be small and thin (as in a flower) or tall and thick (as
in a tree). helps plant grow in a direction toward energy sources. has light-sensitive tips to ensure growth toward light.
Parts of a Plant STEM
http://paintthelight.net/BotanyProject/Activities/images/2004_gallery_stem_diagram.jpg
Parts of a Plant ROOT
Grows down into the soil or water. Anchors plant to the earth. Absorbs water and minerals needed for growth. Includes varieties, based on structure:
Taproots: single large root with a few smaller, branching roots.
Fibrous roots: many small roots branching off in different directions.
Parts of a Plant Taproot
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7a/Plant_taproots.jpg
Parts of a Plant
Fibrous roots
http://www.croplangenetics.com/stellent/groups/public/documents/web_content/ecmd0014867.jpg
Parts of a Plant Vascular System
Xylem Used for water and mineral transport
Phloem Used for sugar/food transport
Parts of a Plant Vascular System
http://www.treeboss.net/images/bark_cross_section.jpg
Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is the process by which
plants take energy from the sun and combine carbon dioxide and water to produce food.
Water + Carbon Dioxide + Light ---> Sugar + Oxygen
6H2O + 6CO2 + Light ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Photosynthesis Utilizes Carbon dioxide from the air enters the
leaves through their stomata. Water from the soil is absorbed through the roots. Sunlight energy is absorbed through chlorophyll, found in
the leaves of most plants.
The chlorophyll uses the sun’s energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide to form glucose and oxygen is released through the stomata.