portable music players- preferred sound levels and listening habits
DESCRIPTION
Portable music players- preferred sound levels and listening habits. Kim R Kähäri Ph. D, Audiologist The Linneaus Centre HEAD and the institute for Disability Research, Örebro University & The Inst. for Neuroscience and Physiology Göteborg University, Sweden [email protected]. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Portable music players- preferred sound levels and listening habits
Kim R Kähäri Ph. D, Audiologist
The Linneaus Centre HEAD and the institute for Disability Research, Örebro University
&The Inst. for Neuroscience and Physiology Göteborg University, Sweden
Structure
Background Childrens leisure time activities and sound exposure
Pilot studies done Pilot I: Stockholm Central Station 33 yrs Pilot II: Stockholm Culture House 16 yrs
Ongoing studies Kids 9 yearsAdolescents 17 years
”The leisure habit study” 2005,in Göteborg, Sweden
% of 41 754 girls and boys who listens to music > 3 times per week
Years10-15 16-18
Girls8194
Boys6589
What sound levels are our children exposed to? (Freestyles CD’s & Mp3’s)
LAeq= 83-89 dB (Hodgetts, Rieger & Szarko, 2007) and 110 dB A in ear canal with probe michrophone
LAeq= 80 dB (Williams, 2005)
139 dB SPL Max out 9 cd´s (Fligor & Cox 2004)dB= 91-121 LAeq (corrected för FF) +7-9 dB A with canalphones
LAeq= 97 dB (Hellström, 2001)
LAeq= 82 dB (Airo, Pekkarinen % Olkinuora, 1996)
LAeq= 83.4 dB (Rice, Breslin & Roper, 1987)
3 reference studies
Noise induced threshold shift (Niskar A. et al 2001)
6-11 yrs 8.5%12-19 15.5%
Constant Tinnitus (Widen SE, Erlandsson, 2004)
16-17 yrs 6.8-10.3 18-19 yrs 14.0-19.7
Often/always tinnitus (K-M Holgers 2001)
9-16 yrs 16%
Pilots done, Örebro Univ.
Pilot I Pilot IIn= 60 41sex 19 w /41 men 23 w/18 menage= 33 (SD=13.2) 16 (SD= 1.5)Listening durance 11 yrs 4 yrsQuestionnaires 60 41SLM* 60 41Valid measurm. 41 38
SLM* = Sound level measurements
Stockholm Central Station
Women N=19 %
Men N=41 %
Women N=23 %
Men N=18 %
Exposure 1 hr 42 30 35 18
2 hr 37 38 44 24
29
Volume setting: 25 %
16 7 4 -
50 21 24 36 33
75 37 44 50 44
100 21 24 9 22
Pilot I N= 60 Pilot II N= 41Mean=33 yrs Mean= 16 yrs
Pilot I N= 60Mean=33 yrs
Pilot II N= 41Mean= 16 yrs
Women N=19
%
Men N=41
%
Women N=23
%
Men N=18
%
Listens daily 53 58 74 94
Sleeps with Mp3 28 20 17 15
“Bad hearing” 22 32 26 28
Occlusion 6 2 9 -
Tinnitus 11 20 9 -
Sound sensitivity 17 10 26 -
Hearing fatigue 17 - 17 6
Distortion - - 9 -
Pilots done, cont.I: Stockholm Central Station, 33 yrs (n=41)
average dB LAeq,FF,60sec = 83 (73.4 -101.8)
average LA,FF max, 60sec = 88.5 (76.5 -107.4)
II: Stockholm Culture House, 16 yrs (n=40)average dB LAeq,FF,
60sec = 81.1 (57.9 - 99.1)
average LA,FF max, 60sec = 85.2 (63.2 -103.9)
2009-2010: Ongoing Study IKids, 9 years
Planned: N=500 Pure tone hearing thresholds
Tests: TympanometryOtoacoustic emissions DPOAE, SOA
Questionnaire: Hearing and music listening habits
Kids, 9 yrsSome preliminary results N=102
5.4% Show a SNITS*: (N=8/144 with normal compliance test)(8.5% reference material 6-11 yrs, Niskar et al 2001)
5 % have tinnitus on daily/always basis(16% often/always constant reference material 9-16 yrs, Holgers 2001(6.8-10.3% reference material 16-17 yrs, Widen, Erlandsson 2004)
62 % uses head phones/ Mp3’s when listening to music 9 % uses head phones/ Mp3’s on daily basis
*SNITS: Suspected Noise induced threshold shift.
2009-2010 Ongoing Study II Adolescents, 17 yrs.
Questionnaire: Hearing and PMP listening habits to normal hearing & young hard of hearing
A sample of 80 students to test:
Pure tone hearing thresholdsTests: Tympanometry
Otoacoustic emissions DPOAE, SOA
Questionnaires: Hearing and PMP habits /music listening Youth Attitude to Noise Scale (Widen Olsen S. 2004)
Sound level measurements: of PMP in laboratorie using KEMAR
Ongoing Study IIAdolescents 17 years, preliminary results
329 normal hearing68 hard of hearing60 has been tested in lab (both normal hearing & hard
of h52 % are frequent users (daily), most use 75% of max
volume
Typical activity when listening:Transportation (on bus, train, bicycle when walking)
Message
1) We can acknowledge the risk for future hearing damages
2) Consumer- friendly technique! Zero tolerance! Safe sound level limits, especially for childrens’ products. Spread knowledge to create awareness about risks
Noise and Health, 2010
1. Portable Music Players - Preferred Sound Levels and Listening Habits, Among Adults Kim R. Kähäri, T. Åslund, J. Olsson, 2010, submitted
2. Portable Music Players - Preferred Sound Levels and
Listening Habits, Among Adolescents Kim R. Kähäri, T. Åslund, J. Olsson, 2010, on it’s way…
3. Hopefully this fall, 20104. Hopefully this fall, 2010
The teamCarina Wikström – Audiologist
Tobias Åslund - Sound EngineerJohannes Olsson - Sound EngineerJenny Engelbrektsson – Audiologist
Johanna Pernhall Breder – AudiologistAMMOT- The Soundheroes
Acknowledgements
Prof. Claes Möller, Audiological Research Center in Örebro FAS Hearing Center/CKV Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
The Swedish Association of Hard of Hearing People