power-to-hydrogen infrastructure plans at lut

Power-to-hydrogen infrastructure plans at LUT

Antti Kosonen, Jero Ahola, and Joonas Koponen

Antti Kosonen

Test facility for research and demonstrationPower electronics and controlSystem energy efficiencyOperation with renewable energy systemsHydrogen production, storage, and distribution

Experimental work with lab-scale system (5 kW alkaline + 5 kW PEM)Co-operation with other work packages (WP2, WP4)Verification of simulation modelsOperation in frequency control

Part of small scale power-to-gas systemCan be connected to a possible methanation plant

First step to industrial size power-to-gas demonstrationEU H2020 demo-project call March 2015

Aim of power-to-hydrogen laboratory system at LUT

10.2.20162

Antti Kosonen

E-to-Gas examples

10.2.20163

Fig. Refueling station in Nottingham university.

Fig. One 2 MW electrolyser in Audi plant. Fig. Demo plant for power-to-liquids in Sunfire.

Antti Kosonen

SystemProduction processCompressionStorageDispenser (filling station)

Hydrogen fueling station with 200 kW solar power, example from USA

10.2.20164

Source: H. Nava et al., Hydrogen home fueling station, Test report, California State University Los Angeles, 2011.

Antti Kosonen

SystemProduction processCompressionStorageDispenser


10.2.20165


Company Avalence

Rated input power 4 × 26 kWRated hydrogen output

4 × 10.0 kg/day

Typical AC voltage 480 VWater usage 4.5 l/hMaximum delivery pressure

Up to 175 bar

Treated gas purity 99.99%Acceptable duty cycle 0–100% (24/7)

ElectrolyteWater with 28%KOH by weigth

Weight 3700 kg

Dim. ( × × )2591 × 1372 × 3200 mm

Electrolyser Hydrofiller 175

Water purificationHydrogen

purification

Antti Kosonen



10.2.20166


Company Hydropac

Compressor C06-05-5200LX-H2Rated motor power 3.7 kWDischarge pressure 414 barRange of inlet pressure 55–414 barCapacity with H2 at min. inlet

5.8 scfm

Capacity with H2 at max. inlet

52 scfm

Antti Kosonen



10.2.20167


Company StructuralComposites

Storage tank SCI Model ALT 1015Working pressure 7500 psi (517 bar)Minimum burst pressure 25500 psi (1758 bar)Empty weight 516 lbs (234 kg)Operating temperature range

60 °F to 140 °F

Dimensions ( × ) 3048 × 457 mm

Antti Kosonen

SystemProduction processCompressionStorageDispenser (filling station)


10.2.20168


Company FTI

Configuration High profile cabinetFilling pressure 350 barMaximum working pressure

447 bar

Maximum flow rate Up to 20 kg/minOperating temperature range

4 °F to 160 °F

Electrical requirements 120 Vac, 60 Hz, 3 AWeight 295 kg

Dimensions ( × × )838 × 559 × 2337 mm

Antti Kosonen

Main specificationsEverything inside a containerFrom tap water to hydrogen storageAll-in as far as possibleSafety issues guaranteed by the manufacturerCommercial devices (CE marked?)Minimized designing time

External controllability of electrolyserDC power supplyDynamics, response time, etc.

MeasurementsLabVIEW systemVoltage, current, and powerFlow measurement (water, hydrogen, oxygen)TemperaturesPressure

Hydrogen production laboratory system to LUT

10.2.20169

Table Water conductivity. ISO 3696.

Conductivity (mS/m)

Water Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3

Deionized 0.010 0.100 0.500

Tap 5 50

Sea 5000

Fig. What kind of room required?

Antti Kosonen

1) Find the most suitable devices to LUT, Dec. 2014 and Jan. 20152) Face-to-face discussions with the manufacturer, Jan. 20153) Detailed system specification, Jan. and Feb. 2015

• What things are possible to be included into the laboratory system?4) Competitive tendering based on the open procedure (Finnish law 348/2007), Feb. and

Mar. 20155) Laboratory system is ready, Xxx. 2015

• Two months for competitive tendering procedure• Delivering time depends on the manufacturer• Goal: summer 2015

Schedule for laboratory investment

10.2.201610

Antti Kosonen

Various pricesNo mass production because of marketsNot much competitionPrices are not comparable (different contents)

Solar PV vs. hydrogen production systemBuilding a system from componentsElectrical safety vs. hydrogen safetyMany employees can do electrical installations

Prices according to literature1

AE: 1.00 1.20 eur/WPEM: 1.86 2.32 eur/W

Prices according to offersAE: 3.46 15 eur/WPEM: 11.94 18.43 eur/W

Prices for electrolysers

10.2.201611

Fig. Panel prices according to cumulativeproduction volume.

Source: 1L. Bertuccioli et al., Study on develompment of water electrolysis in the EU, Final report in Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking, Feb. 2014.

Antti Kosonen

FactsPower: 5.49 kWProduction: 0.83 Nm3/h (>99.5%H2)Pressure: 1.6 barWater: 0.55 l/h (<x S/m)Price: 19000 eur

IncludeElectronic control with numerical displayWarning signal for water supply tankNetwork isolation transformer

Alkaline 1Idroenergy, Italy

10.2.201612

Fig. Dimensions: 850x550x1100, weight 290kg.

Antti Kosonen

FactsPower: 5 kWProduction: x.xx Nm3/h (>xx.xxx%H2)Pressure: >10 barWater: x.x l/h (<x S/m)Price: 75000 100000 eur

NotesCan offer wide variety of full systems

• Hydrogen production• Hydrogen purification/extraction• Hydrogen compression

Electrolysers• High pressure: 6 60 bar• Capacity: 1 1500 Nm3/h• Purity: 99.5%, 99.9%, 99.999%, 99.9999%• Optional oxygen delivery

Alkaline 2Ener Blue, Switzerland

10.2.201613

Fig. Complete energy system (Turkey). Production 10 Nm3/h @ 30 bar. Storage @ 200 bar.

Antti Kosonen

FactsPower: 6 kWProduction: 1.22 Nm3/h (>99.5%H2)Pressure: 15 barWater: <1 l/h (5 50 mS/m)Price: 57141 £

IncludeWater purification systemHPac20 electrolyserFully controllable power supply (AC/DC)Siemens S7 1200 PLC, Ext. Ethernet TCP/IPThermal management (frost and heat)Leak detection and appropriate safety features

OptionsHydrogen dryer (>99.99%H2), +15000 £Hydrogen storage tank (3500 l / 15 bar) +9000 £

PEM 1ITM Power, UK

10.2.201614

Fig. Electrolyser, HPac. CE marked. Deliveringtime 16 weeks (exc. shipping)

Antti Kosonen

FactsPower: 6.7 kWProduction: 1 Nm3/h (>99.998%H2)Pressure: 0 7.9 barWater: ~1 l/h (<100 S/m)Price: 80000 eur

IncludeHyLYZER 1 electrolyserControl interface and HMIHydrogen purification system

OptionsWater purification systemRemote monitoring package (Ethernet)Storage tankWater treatment system

PEM 2Hodrogenics, Canada

10.2.201615

Fig. HyLYZER 1. Weight 250 kg.

Antti Kosonen

FactsPower: 3.34 kWProduction: 0.53 Nm3/h (>99.9995 %H2)Pressure: 13.8 barWater: 0.5 l/h (<10 S/m)Price: 61566 eur

IncludePower supply/conditionerHOGEN hydrogen generatorHydrogen gas dryerHeat exchangerControl system for automatic operationRemote diagnostics and logging software

OptionsWater purification (<10 S/m), +4500 eur

PEM 3Diamond Lite S.A. (Proton OnSite Europe), Switzerland

10.2.201616

Fig. Hogen 20.

Antti Kosonen

AlkalineMcPhy Energy SAPIEL, ItalySagim, France

PEMGiner, USAIRD, DenmarkVerde LLC, USA

No offer at this point

10.2.201617

Fig. 5.5 kW PEM electrolyser from IRD.

Antti Kosonen

AlkalineHydrogenics, Canada, Power >40 kWLinde, Germany, only smaller system availableHeliocentris, Germany, only smaller system availableNEL Hydrogen, Norway, Power >250 kW

PEMLinde, Germany, only smaller system availableSiemens, Germany, only for industrial-scale applicationsTeledyne Energy Systems, USA, Power >40 kW

No suitable devices for this project

10.2.201618

Antti Kosonen

Priority 1Container laboratoryWater purificationElectrolyser (PEM or/and alkaline)Hydrogen free to air or flaming

Priority 2Hydrogen storage

Priority 3Hydrogen purificationDispenser unit

Priority 4Real off-grid test setup10 kW solar panelsPossible battery bank

LUT power-to-hydrogen laboratory system

10.2.201619

Real time solar data available

Publication: A. Kosonen et al., On- and Off-Grid Laboratory Test Setup for Hydrogen Production with Solar Energy in Nordic Conditions, to be published in Proc. 17th European Conf. on Power Electronics and Applications, 2015.

NEO-CARBON ENERGY project is one of the Tekes’ strategic research openings.The project is carried out in cooperation between VTT, Lappeenranta University of Technology and

University of Turku / Futures Research Centre.

power-to-hydrogen infrastructure plans at lut

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