powerpoint presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · ppt file · web view · 2015-01-08can you all...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Intro to Sociolinguistics
An exploration into the relationship between language and culture.
![Page 2: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Fundamental Question
a. What is the relationship between language and culture?b. Humans are the only animal to have culture.c. Humans are the only animal to have language.d. How do the two connect?e. What is language? “what members of a particular
society speak” (Wardhaugh 1).
![Page 3: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Different Meanings of Language a. I know I don't speak English correctly. b. Most French-Canadians prefer to speak French, even though they can speak English too. c. The treaty wasn't ready to sign until both sides had a chance to look over the language. d. A polyglot is someone who knows many languages. A linguist is someone who can analyze language structure. e. English is the most widely-spoken language in the world. f. American thought and language. g. I need to work on my language skills. h. When Fred speaks to Sam, sometimes he uses English and sometimes Arabic.
![Page 4: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Let’s have a go at discussion question 4 on page 7 of
Wardhaugh.
![Page 5: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Three Views of Language
o Language as Grammar:o Language as communication: o Language as thing:
![Page 6: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Language as Grammar
The object of a science of linguistics (Saussure).
![Page 7: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
•Syntactic Structures•Review of Skinner: ‘Verbal Behavior’ (1959)
Universal Grammar difference between surface structure and deep structure in language
Noam Chomsky (1928-)
![Page 8: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Grammar
• Three sub-systems• Representational• Phonology (sounds), graphic, gestural• Lexical• morphology; words and morphemes• (Syn)tactic = syntax
![Page 9: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Language as communication• Language as Text.• The Interaction of People• The Interpretation of Texts• What do you communicate? Ideas? Emotions?
Intentions?• How do you communicate?• Messages:• The interpretation of messages• The construction of messages
![Page 10: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Language as thing
• Language as an element in social constructs.• Language planning, code switching, dialect
debates.
![Page 12: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Note: to distinguish between and language and communication,
look at the following questions: 1. Is language as Dawkins suggests part of the
DNA of homosapiens? 2. Is there a “creative” component (the horrible
honeybee story)
![Page 14: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Competence v. Performance
Langue v parole Structure v event Structural v communicative universal v dialect
![Page 15: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Approaches to language and culture
Wardhaugh, quite sensibly, argues that sociolinguistics is both macrolinguistic and microlinguistic:
• Microlinguistic-- language emphasis• Macrolinguistics – social emphasis• Whorf, Politeness; French Structuralism (Lévi-Strauss).Communicative approaches: p. 14 Language and power (Fairclough), Social construction of
reality (Berger and Luckmann); Language and Symbolic Power (Bourdieu); Pragramatics (Austin)
Use Approaches: Language Planning, Multilingualism
![Page 16: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Let’s take five more minutes to chat about discussion questions 2, 5, and 6 on pp. 15 and 16 of
Wardhaugh.
![Page 17: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Relations between language and culture Wardhaugh pp. 9-11
1. Social structure may influence or determine linguistic structure and/or behaviour
2. Linguistic structure/behaviour influences or determines social structure (Whorfian hypothesis)
![Page 18: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
3. Language and society affect each other
4. No relationship at all between language and culture
![Page 19: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Desperate Definitions:
Sociolinguistics is an attempt to find correlations between
linguistic structure and social structure
![Page 20: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Sociolinguists “whatever it is, is about asking important questions concerning the relationship of language to
society” (Wardhaugh 11)
![Page 21: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
This is not reassuring
• Even our textbook seems unable to give us a straightforward, agreed upon definition of sociolinguistics.
• Let’s try the discussion questions on page 12 of Wardhaugh. Get into groups of 4 or 5 and take 15 minutes to go over questions 1 and 2.
![Page 22: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Methodological principlesWardhaugh p. 18
1. Cumulative2. Uniformation3. Convergence4. Subordinate shift5. Style shifting6. Attention7. Vernacular8. Formality
![Page 23: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
More Discussion
• There is a connection between questions 1 and 4 on p. 19 of Wardhaugh. What can we say about historical vs synchronic linguistics, about written vs spoken language?
![Page 24: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Squishy
• I told you sociolinguistics is squishy. Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and this pitiful powerpoint? What is most important? 3 things? 5 things? 10 things?
• What will you remember in 10 years about it?
![Page 25: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Irrelevant but interesting
![Page 26: PowerPoint Presentationcmacquarrie/documents/… · PPT file · Web view · 2015-01-08Can you all remind me what we learn about our topic of study from chapter 1 of Wardhaugh and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5aed6dc47f8b9ac36191d5ae/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
L. Ron Hubbard
• All men are your slaves," he once wrote in a diary entry unearthed during a 1984 lawsuit. He reportedly once claimed to have written a manuscript that contained such brutal truths that anyone who read it went insane or committed suicide.