ppt dengue virus

7/23/2019 ppt dengue virus

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engue Virus

engue Virus

By: Inna Gnipp andBy: Inna Gnipp and

Hamza IqbalHamza Iqbal


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engue eclassified

engue eclassified

Family: FlaviviridaeFamily: Flaviviridae

Genus: FlavivirusGenus: Flavivirus

Species: Dengue virusSpecies: Dengue virus


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What is the engue

hat is the engue

Virus?irus?

ArbovirusArbovirus Arthropod !osquito bornArthropod !osquito born

"Aedes aegypti#"Aedes aegypti# It is a pathogen that causesIt is a pathogen that causes

Dengue $ever "DF#Dengue $ever "DF#

Dengue hemorrhagic $ever "DHF#Dengue hemorrhagic $ever "DHF#

%an lead to Dengue shoc& syndrome "DSS#%an lead to Dengue shoc& syndrome "DSS#

Has $our di$$erent serotypes "D'()*+,-#Has $our di$$erent serotypes "D'()*+,-#

First reported epidemics in *./0 in Asia A$ricaFirst reported epidemics in *./0 in Asia A$ricaand (orth Americaand (orth America


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Target tissues

arget tissues

Dengue induces cyto&ine production in cellsDengue induces cyto&ine production in cells

%ytoto1ic $actor e$$ects endothelial cells%

ytoto1ic $actor e$$ects endothelial cells

involved in most o$ the $ollo2inginvolved in most o$ the $ollo2i

ng::

HeartHeart LiverLiver

3idneys3idneys

4ungs4ungs

IntestinesIntestines

Spleen

pleen

Lymph nodesLymph nodes

BrainBrain

Skin (inflammatory rashes)Skin (inflammatory rashes)


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Symptoms H!

ymptoms H!

FeverFever HeadacheHeadache !uscle and 5oint pain!uscle and 5oint pain

DehydrationDehydration (ausea and6or Haematemesis "vomiting o$ blood#(ausea and6or Haematemesis "vomiting o$ blood# 'pista1is "Bleeding $rom the nose mouth or gums#'pista1is "Bleeding $rom the nose mouth or gums# Haematuria "Blood in 7rine#Haematuria "Blood in 7rine#

8ain behind the eyes8ain behind the eyes 8lasma lea&age8lasma lea&age 9espiratory distress9espiratory distress 8etechia "S&in rash# and6or 8urpura "4esions#8etechia "S&in rash# and6or 8urpura "4esions#


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iagnostic tests

iagnostic tests

irus isolation by in$ection o$ mice usingirus isolation by in$ection o$ mice usingin$ected mosquitoesin$ected mosquitoes

Detection o$ Ig! antibodies in the blood byDetection o$ Ig! antibodies in the blood by8%9 or iral isolation "Serology#8%9 or iral isolation "Serology#

'4ISA'4ISA"'nzyme)4in&ed Immunoabsorbent"'nzyme)4in&ed Immunoabsorbent

assay#assay# ;hrombopenia;hrombopenia

9aised hematocrit9aised hematocrit
http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?query=ELISAhttp://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?query=ELISAhttp://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?query=ELISA


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"athogenesis and infection

athogenesis and infection

process of engue

rocess of engue

Humans are initially in$ected through a mosquito vectorHumans are initially in$ected through a mosquito vector Initial interaction 2ith cell occurs 2ith the viruses abilityInitial interaction 2ith cell occurs 2ith the viruses ability

to in$ect cellto in$ect cell

8rimary target 8hagocytes8rimary target 8hagocytes irus uses cell receptor molecule to enter cellirus uses cell receptor molecule to enter cell %ell receptor molecules include:%ell receptor molecules include:

GlycosaminoglycanGlycosaminoglycan Heparan Sul$ate "'1pressed in almost all cell types#Heparan Sul$ate "'1pressed in almost all cell types#

irus replicates in target organsirus replicates in target organs In$ects 2hite blood cells and lymphatic tissuesIn$ects 2hite blood cells and lymphatic tissues irus is released and circulates in bloodirus is released and circulates in blood Alternate mosquito then bites host and receives virusAlternate mosquito then bites host and receives virus


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"reventionrevention

;here is no speci$ic treatment;here is no speci$ic treatment

9elieving symptoms and9elieving symptoms andcomplicationscomplications::

8lasma volume replacement8lasma volume replacement

Sedatives $or restless patientsSedatives $or restless patients

Blood trans$usion 2ithBlood trans$usion 2ithpatients 2ith signi$icant bloodpatients 2ith signi$icant bloodlossloss

Aspirin should be avoidedAspirin should be avoided

All e$$orts o$ control are aimedAll e$$orts o$ control are aimedagainst mosquitoesagainst mosquitoes 'limination o$ breeding areas'limination o$ breeding areas

Actions to prevent mosquitoActions to prevent mosquito

bites "repellant nets andbites "repellant nets andvapors#vapors#

accinations are pendingaccinations are pending 8roblem is that the8roblem is that the

vaccination needs to preventvaccination needs to preventall $our serotypesall $our serotypes

Treatmentreatment

DH!


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#pidemiology

pidemiology

A$$ects humansA$$ects humans Is prominent in tropical environmentsIs prominent in tropical environments

Ideal $or !osquito habitatsIdeal $or !osquito habitats

What is promoting the disease?What is promoting the disease? Global 2arming is causing climate changes 2hich isGlobal 2arming is causing climate changes 2hich is

causing the disease to move to more environmentscausing the disease to move to more environments "higher altitudes and amplitudes#"higher altitudes and amplitudes# !ore habitats $or mosquitoes to thrive in!ore habitats $or mosquitoes to thrive in

Spread has been increased by urbanization andSpread has been increased by urbanization andpopulation gro2thpopulation gro2th

Inability o$ mosquito control in countries is also a ma5orInability o$ mosquito control in countries is also a ma5or$actor$actor


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$or%idity and $ortality

or%idity and $ortality

!ore than +ver *00 million cases o$ Dengue

in$ection are reported each year globallyin$ection are reported each year globally =00000 cases pertain to DHF=00000 cases pertain to DHF

DHF has a =? $atality rate $or thoseDHF has a =? $atality rate $or those

in$ectedin$ected 8eople at high ris& are children and the8eople at high ris& are children and the

elderlyelderly


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&i%liography

i%liography

%hambers ;homas @


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&i%liography

i%liography

Dengue: %linical and 8ublic Health Aspects

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