presentation at the meeting to commemorate the un international anticorruption day
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ENGAGEMENT OF CITIZENS AND CIVIL SOCIETY TO ENHANCE PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTABILITY AND COUNTER CORRUPTION. ORGANIGRAM. Presentation at the Meeting to Commemorate the UN International Anticorruption Day Organized by the Alliance of NGOs on Crime Prevention & Criminal Justice Roberto Villarreal - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
ENGAGEMENT OF CITIZENS AND CIVIL SOCIETY TO ENHANCE PUBLIC SECTOR
ACCOUNTABILITY AND COUNTER CORRUPTION
Presentation at the Meeting to Commemorate the UN International Anticorruption Day
Organized by the Alliance of NGOs on Crime Prevention & Criminal Justice
Roberto VillarrealChief, Development Management Branch
Division for Public Administration and Development ManagementUnited Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs
New York City, 8 December 2011
ORGANIGRAM
“We take note of the lessons learned and successful policies and approaches in the implementation and achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and recognize that with increased political commitment these could be replicated and scaled up for accelerating progress, including by: (…)(e) Supporting participatory, community-led strategies aligned with national development priorities and strategies;(f) Promoting universal access to public and social services and providing social protection floors; (g) Improving capacity to deliver quality services equitably;(h) Implementing social policies and programmes, including appropriate conditional cash-transfer programmes, and investing in basic services for health, education, water and sanitation; (i) Ensuring the full participation of all segments of society, including the poor and disadvantaged, in decision-making processes; (…) (l) Enhancing opportunities for women and girls and advancing the economic, legal and political empowerment of women;(n) Working towards transparent and accountable systems of governance at the national and international levels;
UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION A/RES/65/1: KEEPING THE PROMISE: UNITED TO ACHIEVE THE
MDGsGA MILENNIUM DECLARATION
AND MDGs
PUBLIC GOVERNANCE
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PEOPLE GOVERNMENT
COMMUNITIESCIVIC
ASSOCIATIONS
CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS
CITIZENS GROUPS
SOCIAL NETWORKS
COOPERATIVES
LABOR UNIONS
PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS
POLITICAL PARTIES
INDUSTRAL CHAMBERS
MULTI-STAKEHOLDERS ORGANIZATIONS
MEDIA
UNIVERSITIES AND THINK TANKS
EXECUTIVE, ADMINISTRATION
JUICIARY
MINISTRIES
SUPREME AUDITING
CONGRESS
CENTRAL BANK
HUMAN RIGHTS OMBUDSMAN
CONSUMER PROTECTION
ANTICORRUPTION AGENCY
ESC
SOE
(1) STAKEHOLDERS (2) SUBSTANTIVE MATTER (3) INSTITUTIONS (4) ENABLING CONDITIONS
TAXES AND PERSONAL DUTIES
PUBLIC GOODS(RULE OF LAW, JUSTICE
ADMINISTRATION, SECURITY, DEFENSE,
PUBLIC HEALTH, SUSTAINABLE
ENVIRONMENT, MONETARY AND
TECHNICAL STANDARDS, FINANCIAL STABILITY….)
PUBLIC SERVICES(CORE PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION SERVICES,
INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES, SOCIAL
SERVICES)
LEADERSHIP, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, EMPOWREMENT OF CITIZENS, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, TRANSPARENCY,
ICT
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ACCOUNTABILITY : DIVERSE MODES
DEMOCRATIC ACCOUNTABILITYHIERACHICAL ACCOUNTABILITY
INTERNAL AUDITINGOFFICIAL AUDITING
SUPREME AUDITING DIRECT ACCOUNTABILITY TO CITIZENS
COUNTRY LEVELGOVERNMENT, PUBLIC SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR
AND SOCIETY
TOP
S1 SNS2 AUD E1 En
IA
IA
IA
IA
EXECUTIVE CITIZENS AND CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS
TOP
LU
RS R
AUD
LEGISLATURE
S
A TASK-FOCUSED COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE MINDED VIEWON THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICES (FOR
DISCUSSION)ANTI-CORRUPTION:
PREVENTION OR ERADICATION OF:
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• Illegitimate exclusion of non-State producers (deviations in granting exclusive production rights: concessions, permits, licenses, etc, .)• Illegitimate acquisitions and spending and illegitimate (non-) collection of deliveries (deviations in expenditures and collections of service fees)• Illegitimate taxation (bribes)
• Illegitimate control (tolerance or protection of wrong or criminal acts or conducts, even if no tangible economic dimensions are in the forefront), e.g., incompetence, malpractice, unethical behavior, low respect for clients, etc.)
USE
RS,
CIT
IZEN
S,
GR
ASS
RO
OTS
CSO
s
TRA
DIT
ION
AL
GO
VER
NM
ENT
OR
GA
NS,
H
IGH
-LEV
EL C
SOs
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE (HYPOTHESIS: SPATIAL, SKILLS,
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE)
TO WHOM
(?)
ALL
USE
RS
AN
D C
ITIZ
ENS
HA
VEs
HA
VE N
OTs
…
…
NEED FOR MORE EFFECTIVE POLICIES?
INSTRUMENTS (EXAMPLES)
• Investigations
• Auditing
• Inspections
• Multi-stakeholder-Boards
• Civic observatories and councils• Ombusdmen•Reporting systems• Hearings, meetings
FRM
AL
INFO
RM
AL
HOW DO FORMAL AND INFORMAL INSTITUTIONS WORK TOGETHER?
FOR DELIBERATION AND ANALYSIS
Do these comparative advantages exist?
Are both approaches complementary to each other?
Are there undesirable duplications of functions or other negative effects?
Can an effective and efficient combination of the two approaches be attained, and in case, how?
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USE
RS,
CIT
IZEN
S,
GR
ASS
RO
OTS
CSO
s
TRA
DIT
ION
AL
GO
VER
NM
ENT
OR
GA
NS,
H
IGH
-LEV
EL C
SOs
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE (HYPOTHESIS: SPATIAL, SKILLS,
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE)
FINAL REMARKS The Development Management Branch (DMB) looks forward to conclude
by the end of 2011 a publication covering issues of interest for all UN Member States on “Accountability and Eradication of Corruption for Fostering Development : Engagement of Citizens.”
Different activities will be pursued in this regard:– Analytical and research efforts
• Concepts• Indicators
– A number of international meetings with experts and practitioners• For knowledge sharing and capacity building
– A global knowledge base on auditing and accountability and eradication of corruption for development will be constructed, as part of the UN Public Administration Country Studies database (UNPACS)
• To systematically gather, organize and publicly offer information on every UN Member State on their legal and institutional framework, and on good practices
– Laws, institutions, organization models» Institutions for citizens engagement
It is expected that these efforts will effectively contribute to the intergovernmental process of the United Nations
• Declarations, resolutions, guidelines All participants are welcome to cooperate with DMB in these matters
7
FINAL REMARKS
The Division for Public Administration and Development Management, functions as Secretariat to the United Nations Public Service Awards
– In 2011, in cooperation with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, a new category was inaugurated on prevention of corruption
– For most information see: www.unpan.org
8
END OF PRESENTATION
ANNEXES
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DPADM AND DMB IN THE UN SECRETARIAT
BACK
MILLENNIUM DECLARATION
• Development encompasses a considerable large array of matters, so to focus attention and concentrate efforts from relevant actors in a set of very fundamental ones, the Millennium DeclarationMillennium Declaration adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2000, highlighted the following and set corresponding targets for the year 2015 to guide adequate progress
(continued…)
MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND TARGETS (1)
Goal 1 End Poverty and HungerGoal 1 End Poverty and Hunger• Target 1: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people
whose income is less than $1 a day• Target 2: Achieve full and productive employment and decent
work for all, including women and young people• Target 3: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people
who suffer from hunger
Goal 2 Achieve Universal Primary EducationGoal 2 Achieve Universal Primary Education• Target 1: Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls
alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling
Goal 3 Promote Gender Equality and Empower WomenGoal 3 Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women• Target 1: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary
education, preferably by 2005, and in all levels of education no later than 2015
MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND TARGETS (2)
Goal 4 Reduce Child MortalityGoal 4 Reduce Child Mortality• Target 1: Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-
five mortality rate
Goal 5 Improve maternal HealthGoal 5 Improve maternal Health• Target 1: Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio• Target 2: Achieve universal access to reproductive health
Goal 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other DiseasesGoal 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases• Target 1: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of
HIV/AIDS• Target 2: Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for
HIV/AIDS for all those who need it• Target 3: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of
malaria and other major diseases
MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND TARGETS (3)
Goal 7 Ensure Environmental SustainabilityGoal 7 Ensure Environmental Sustainability
• Target 1: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources
• Target 2: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss
• Target 3: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation
• Target 4: By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers
Goal 8 Develop a Global Partnership for DevelopmentGoal 8 Develop a Global Partnership for Development
• Target 1: Address the special needs of least developed countries, landlocked countries and small island developing states
• Target 2: Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial system
• Target 3: Deal comprehensively with developing countries’ debt
• Target 4: In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries
• Target 5: In cooperation with the private sector, make available benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications
MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND TARGETS (4)
GO BACK
END OF ANNEXES
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