presentation: data communication software - role and functions
TRANSCRIPT
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National conference on Data Communicationsheld in CSIO Chandigarh , April 7-8, 2000
NoorJahanHaqueAssociateLecturer
IETEInstituteofElectronics&TelecommunicationEngineering,Chandigarh
PreparedbyRamanK.Attri(SrScientist,CSIOChandigarh)
NoorJahanHaque(AssociateLecturer,IETEChandigarh)
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CommunicationSoftwareAreastobecovered
OverviewofDataCommunication
RoleofDataCommunicationSoftware
FunctionalAspects
of
Data
Communication
Software
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DataCommunicationOverviewDataCommunicationOverview
Transportationof
Information
from
one
point
to
anotherthroughacommunicationmedium
Inherently
linked
with
computers
and
transmission
of
media
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EvolutionofDataCommunicationEvolutionofDataCommunicationHugedevelopmentinPC
+
NetworkTechnologies
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AdvantagesofDataCommunicationAdvantagesofDataCommunication
Efficientuse
of
large
computers
improvesthemonitoringprojects
providesvariousvalueaddedservices
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ResultofDataCommunicationTechnologyResultofDataCommunicationTechnologyinformationsuperhighwayforfreeaccessibilityand
communica i ity orcommonuti itiesan services
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ComponentsofDataCommunicationComponentsofDataCommunication
Data
SourceDataSink
CommunicationMedia
ControllingCommunication
Software
Source Sink Commn Media
Communication Software
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DataSourceDataSource
Originator
of
InformationItcanbeaPC,server,remoteterminal,satelliteora
mac ine
Convert
the
data
into
the
format
suitable
for
software
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DataSinkDataSink
Receiver
of
informationItcanbeacomputeroraterminalconnectedtosource
Receivesthesignal,decodesintobits,assemblesthe
group
of
bits
and
recreate
the
originally
transmitted
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CommunicationMediaCommunicationMedia
Glues
the
source
and
sink
together
for
information
exchange
Itcan e irectca e inLAN ,mo emt roug telephoneline(inWAN),satellite, opticalfiber,
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CommunicationInterfaceCommunicationInterface
Innetwork
configuration
both
source
and
sink
are
PC,termedasDataTerminalEquipment (DTE).
TwoDTE(SourceandSink)areconnectedthrough
an
interface
termed
as
Data
Communication
DCEcanbeamodem,EthernetcardorVSAT
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Communication
Software(Transmitter)
Communication
Software (Receiver)
Data Data
CommunicationMedia
Source
DTE
Sink
DTEDCE DCE
PC Modem/VSAT/Ethernet Card PC
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ConversionofDataintoSignalDCE
Converts
Digital
Data
from
DTE
into
asignal
suitablefortransmission&viceversa
conversionfromDigitaltoAnalog&
viceversa
in
modem
Paralleltoserial&viceversainLANNetworks)
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DCEandCommunicationSoftwareDCEandCommunicationSoftwareDCE
works
in
close
association
with
Communication
SoftwareatDTEtoperformthesophisticatedfunctions:
e c en a a ow e ween e woen s
Establishmentofthephysicalconnectionbetweenthetwoend
oints
Transmissionandreceiptofalldigitalinformationthroughthephysicalcircuit
Conversionform
Digital
to
analog
and
vice
versa
ErrorDetectionandcorrection
on or ngan agnos ngo equ pmen au s
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DataCommunicationSoftware ItisacomputerprogramrequiredonDTE(PC)to
bridgethegapandinterpretthebits/bytesthataretransmittedviathecommunicationmediathrou htheinterface
Coreof
Data
Communication
is
Communication
Responsibleforcontrollingdataformatting,data
transmission,andtotalcommunicationcontrol aycomp ete yres esoncentra orparto tmaybelocatedonthefrontendcommunicationPC,a
concentrator,remoteconcentratororinintelligentterminals
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SoftwareSoftware
Defines
the
communication
parametersControlstheuseraccessibilit toinformation
optimalconfigurationofcommunicationhardware
e ec veu za ono ne wor resources
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FunctionsofCommunicationSoftwareFunctionsofCommunicationSoftware Transmissioninitiationandtermination
Establishmentoflogicalconnectionsoverphysicalline
DataTransmission&receipt
Codeconversion
ErrorDetection
DataEditing
on ro
arac er
ecogn on DataDeliveryandoutput
Transmissionmonitorin andmaintenance
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CommunicationSoftwareDesignConsiderationCommunicationSoftwareDesignConsideration
Software
Design
to
be
based
on
principles
of
modularity,hierarchyandgenerality
Designo communicationso twareis onein ormolayers,eachlayerhavingdifferentfunctions
approachhavingsetofproceduresorrulescalledprotocols
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CommunicationSoftwareDesignConsiderationCommunicationSoftwareDesignConsideration Multidimensionalstudyisinvolvedinthedesignof
ThedesigndependsuponequipmentDTE (terminal
controller,concentrator,
switch
or
host
PC)
that
would
beconnected.
Characteristicsofcommunicationmediawithrespectto
ComplexityofSoftwaredependsuponthecomplexityofnetworks
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DataCommunicationProtocolsDataCommunicationProtocols
Protocols
are
the
set
of
rules
or
the
procedure
which
arefollowedbycommunicatingdeviceswhilex x v
Protocolsprovidethestandardizationandflexible
platformsanddifferentkindsofPCs
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DataCommunicationProtocolsInternalsDataCommunicationProtocolsInternalsData
Communication
Protocols
can
be
either
Bit
Oriented orByteoriented
Bitoriente protoco transmit atainbatchesofanylengthuptospecified
Byteorientedprotocoltransmitdatain8bitblocks
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RoleofLayeringinProtocolDesignRoleofLayeringinProtocolDesign ProtocolisaCollectionofRulesforphysicalestablishment
ofcalls,identification,transmissionofdata,acknowledge
ProtocolismeantForuniversalstandardizationof
informationexchange
over
the
PC
from
different
vendors,
platformsandnetworkconfiguration
Protocolisdesignedinformsoflayer.Eachlayerisa
offunctioning.
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RoleofLayeringinProtocolDesignRoleofLayeringinProtocolDesign
Unique
functionsor
process
are
designated
to
different
layersinacommunicationprotocolandlayersincon unct onprov et ee c entcommun cat on.
LayersofDatacommunicationsoftwareensurethatthedata
is
h sicall
transmitted
user
receives
itwith
no
errors
OSImodelbasedonsevenlayersenabledevelopment
o
astan ar
t at
wou
ac tate
a
ex einterconnectionofsystemsusingdatacommunication
facilities
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OSIlayersofCommunicationProtocolOSIlayersofCommunicationProtocol Physicallayer (interconnectionthroughphysicalmedia) Datalinklayer (controlerrorfreetransmissionoverphysical
layer)
Networklayer (controlefficientroutingandpathsinthenetwork)
Transportlayer (controldatatransportabilityfromsystemto Sessionlayer (controldialogcommunicationsession) Presentationlayer (controlrepresentation&manipulationof Applicationlayer (controluserinterface )
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DataTransmissionErrorDataTransmissionError
Data
while
being
transmitted
may
suffer
damage,
errorduetothecharacteristicsofthetransmissionme umor uetoexterna stur ances
Almost
all
the
Communication
channels
are
very
errorprone o essormoreex en
Evenifabitiserroneous,thewholeofthe
Qualityofcommunicationchannelismeasuredby
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DataErrorRecoverythroughDCSDataErrorRecoverythroughDCS Recoverymethodsaremustforefficientdata
communicationro oco ec n q eens re a n orma on s
transmittedonlyandonlywhencommunicationchannelisfreeandtheappropriateterminaldevicesarereadytoreceive
Communicationsoftwareincludethemethodoftransmittertoretransmitthelostbit
CommunicationSoftwareincludetheerrordetectionandcorrectionalgorithms
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Abouttheauthor Noor
Jahan
Haque
earned
her
Masters
in
Information
technology
in
1999.SheservedatIETEasassociatefacultyfrom20002001.neeruhaque2000@yahoo.com
RamanK.Attri,MastersinTechnology(AppliedElectronics)servedasseniorscientistatCSIOChandigarhfrom19952005.HisspecializationisinInstrumentationsystems.rkattri@rediffmail.com