problem solving methodology
TRANSCRIPT
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PROBLEM SOLVING
Kishore KarveTrainer, Coach, Consultant, Auditor
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PROBLEM SOLVING in REAL LIFE
Criticizing, Questioning.
Incomplete , Biased data.
Too much Analysis.
Opinion Based.Fire fighting Approach.
Skipping the steps.
Justifying a solution.
Underplaying adverse effects.
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PROBLEM SOLVING & IMPROVEMENT
Problem of MaintenanceProblem of Improvement
Objective or Ideal level
Problem = Objective level - Current Level
Current Level
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Analytical Thinking follows the
scientific approach to problem solving
Problem
Hypothesis
FactsAnalysis
Solution
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Problem Identification
A problem becomes known when a person observes adiscrepancy between the way things are and the way thingsought to be. Problems can be identified through:
Comparative/benchmarking studies
Performance reporting - assessment of currentperformance against goals and objectives
SWOT Analysisassessment of strengths, weaknesses,opportunities, and threats
Complaints Surveys
Etc.
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Basic Questions to Ask in Defining the
Problem (regardless of the technique
used)
Who is causing the problem?
Who says this is a problem? Who are impacted by this
problem?
Etc.
Who What Where
When Why How
What will happen if this problem
is not solved? What are the symptoms?
What are the impacts?
Etc.
Where does this problem occur?
Where does this problem have
an impact?
Etc.
When does this problem occur?
When did this problem first start
occurring?
Etc.
Why is this problem occurring?
Why?
Why?
Etc.
How should the process or
system work?
How are people currently
handling the problem?
Etc.
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PROBLEM SOLVING
Problem Identification
Data Collection
Methodology Tools and Techniques
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7 QC TOOLS
7 QC TOOLS
Used to identify, analyze and resolve
problems
Simple but very powerful tools to solve day
to day work related problems
Find solutions in a systematic manner
Widely used by Quality Circle membersworld over
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What are the Basic Seven Tools of
Quality?
1. Fishbone Diagrams
2. Histograms
3. Pareto Analysis4. Flowcharts
5. Scatter Plots
6. Run Charts7. Control Charts
Check sheets
Brain storming
Stratification
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PROBLEM SOLVING
IDENTIFYING AND SELCTING PROBLEM
[1] Write Statement of the problem(s)
[2] Define Gap Between Actual & target
[3] Prioritize
[4] Collect Data[5] Sort symptoms & Causes (effects)
[6] Brain Storm
[7] Fishbone - cause & effect analysis
[8] Prioritize
[9] Brainstorm
[10] Build on each others ideas
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PROBLEM SOLVING
IMPLEMENTING SOLUTION
[11] Analysis potential helps & hinders[12] Prioritize solutions
[13] Clarify tasks / Action plan
[14] Resource / Costs
[15] Present proposals
[16] Establish controls
[17] Maintain Commitments
[18] Plan Contingencies
[19] Monitor results
[20] Restart Process if necessary
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7 STEPS OF PROBLEM SOLVING---
[1] Select theme.[2] Collect and analyze data.
[3] Analyze causes.
[4] Plan and implement solutions.
[5] Evaluate effects.
[6] Standardize solution
[7] reflect on process