process technology

process technology, feb 2014 abdulkadir sugal

BY

ABDULKADIR SUGAL

Process technology


Process Technology

There are different process technologies. Each of these process technologies is used to create and deliver products and services.

Process technology is depending on information processing technologies, customer process technologies and so as other technology.

Process technology is separated by operations.

Introduction


What is Process Technology?

Process technology is the heart of all industries that involve the production of consumer goods from raw material: from soft drink bottlers to petroleum refineries to the production of electricity.

Process technology is essential in the production of gasoline, airplane fuel, gas, plastic soft drink bottles, glass jars and bottles, pharmaceuticals, and even Jelly Bellies.


What Process Technicians do?

Process Technicians are key members of a team responsible

for planning, analyzing, and controlling the production of products from raw materials

through distribution

They control, monitor and troubleshoot equipment that

process raw material into products such as gasoline, electricity and plastics. They analyze, evaluate and communicate about data.


Strategy of product Strategic of process decisions

Why is a product strategy important?

Elements of a product strategy

Creating your product strategy

Power of the product strategy

Process structure

Customer involvement

Resource flexibility

Capital intensity

Strategic implication of product and process decisions


A product strategy is the ultimate vision of

the product, as it states where the

product will end up.

Strategy of product


1 •The product strategy forms the basis for executing a product roadmap and subsequent product releases

2 •The product strategy enables the company to focus on a specific target market and feature set, instead of trying to be everything to everyone.

Why is a product strategy important?


How will you price

your product?

What are you selling

?

What value do you provide

your customers?

How will you

distribute your

product?

Elements of a product strategy


To create your product strategy,

start with identifying the

market problems you would like to

solve. This includes interviewing your

target market, understanding the

competitive landscape and

identifying how you will differentiate

yourself.

Your product strategy will change over time as you learn more about your market, and as (if) you decide

to enter different markets. Listening to your market and developing your

product strategy is a circular process; as you learn more, you will evolve your product strategy and the

problems you solve.

Creating your product strategy


Power of the product strategy


Process decisions directly affect the process itself and indirectly the services and the products that it provides. Whether dealing with processes for offices, service providers, or manufacturers, you must consider four very important process decisions

A process involves the use of an organization’s resources to provide something of value. For example, without processes, services can't be provided and products can't be made. Therefore, to properly manage processes, you must be able to decide how you are going to go about providing your services and/or developing your product.

Strategic of process decisions


Strategic of process decisions

Process structure: determines the process type relative to the kinds of resources needed and how resources are partitioned between them. A layout, which is the physical arrangement of operations created from the various processes, puts these decisions into tangible form.

Customer involvement: reflects the extent of customers participation in the processes.

Resource flexibility: . refers to the ease with which employees and equipment can handle a wide variety of products, output levels, duties, and functions.

Capital intensity: is the mix of equipment and human skills in a process. As the relative cost of equipment increases, so does capital intensity.


Process planning and design overview

At the time of designing a product, preliminary consideration is given to the capacity of the firm to manufacture the product. The technology required and the particular machines and processes needed are determined and compared to what is available in the firm

If production is compatible with the existing manufacturing capacity or if the needed capacity can be acquired, the decision is taken to continue designing the product .If not, the decision may be to terminate the design effort.

process planning and process design must be taken up .As the process plans are firmly established, the processing time requirements of specific machinery and equipment are generated.


Process Planning

Process planning is concerned with planning the conversion or transformation processes needed to convert the materials into finished products

A production process is a series of manufacturing operations performed at workstations to achieve the design specifications of the planned output


Process Design


THE SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONS IN THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS IS

DETERMINED BY

Process Design

The nature of the product

The materials used

The quantities being produced


Operations design is concerned with the

design of the individual manufacturing

operations .It consists of examining the man-

machine relationship in the manufacturing

process for converting the raw materials into the finished or semi-

finished product

.Operations design must specify how much of man

and machine time is required for each unit of

production

Operations Design


Work measurement

Work measurement is the application of techniques designed to establish the time for a qualified worker to carry out a specified job at a defined level of performance.


The Purpose of Work Measurement

Work measurement is concerned with investigating, reducing and subsequently eliminating ineffective time, that is time during which no effective work is being performed, whatever the cause.

Work measurement, as the name suggests, provides management with a means of measuring the time taken in the performance of an operation or series of operations in such a way that ineffective time is shown up and can be separated from effective time


The Uses of Work Measurement

Revealing existing causes of ineffective time through study, important though it is, is perhaps less important in the long term than the setting of sound

time standards, since these will continue to apply as long as the work to which they refer continues to be done. They will also show up any ineffective

time or additional work which may occur once they have been established.


In the process of setting standards it may be necessary to use work measurement:

To compare the efficiency of alternative methods. Other conditions being equal, the method which takes the least time will be the best method.

To balance the work of members of teams, in association with multiple activity charts, so that, as nearly as possible, each member has a task taking an equal time to perform.

To determine, in association with man and machine multiple activity charts, the number of machines an operative can run.


The time standards, once set, may then be used

To provide information on which the planning and scheduling of production can be based, including the plant and labor requirements for carrying out the programme of work and the utilization of available capacity.

To provide information on which estimates for tenders, selling prices and delivery promises can be based.

To set standards of machine utilization and labor performance which can be used for any of the above purposes and as a basis for incentive schemes?


The time standards, once set, may then be used, cont….

To provide information for labour-cost control and to enable standard costs to be fixed and maintained.

It is thus clear that work measurement provides the basic information necessary for all the activities of organizing and controlling the work of an enterprise in which the time element plays a part.


Techniques of work measurement

Time study

• Activity sampling• Predetermined motion time systems


Time study

Time Study consists of recording times and rates of work for elements of a specified job carried out under specified conditions to obtain the time necessary to carry out a job at a defined level of performance


Activity sampling

Activity sampling is a technique in which a large number of instantaneous observations are made over a period of time of a group of machines, processes or workers.


Predetermined motion time systems

A predetermined motion time system is a work measurement technique whereby times established for basic human motions (classified according to the nature of the motion and the conditions under which it is made) are used to build up the time for a job at a defined level of performance


End of report

Thanks for you time

All of you !Any question so

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