pt exam st1

8/2/2019 pt exam st1

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PERIODICAL EXAMINATION ST11.The names of the continents that diverged from Pangaea were Laurasia and Gondwana.a. True

b. Falsec. Bothd. none

2.It separates the Earth's crust from the rocks of different composition in the mantle below.a. Mohorovicic Discontinuityb. Asthenospherec. Gutenburg Discontinuity

d. Coral difference

3.Which of the following is fine?a. clayb. cobblec. boulderd. pebble

4. Why was Wegener's theory of continental drift not taken more seriously in early part of hiscentury?a.Wegener did not have enough evidence to support his theory.b. Wegener's work was plagiarized by many people so the scientific community thought that histheory is just a make-up.c. Wegener was unable to elaborate his theory further.d. Wegener failed to produce a suitable driving mechanism to support his theory.

5.From the center of the Earth outward, what are the three layers of Earth?a. core - mantle - crustb. core - crust - mantle

c.mantle - crust - cored.crust - mantle - core

6. Which of the following is the thinnest Earth shell?a. crustb. outer corec. mantled. inner core

7. The oceanic crust is composed of dark igneous rocks called __________; whereas the uppercontinental crust has an average composition of a __________ rock.a. granite/secondary

b. basalt/graniticc. shale/basalticd. limestone/metamorphic

8.What is the scientific name for when there is a break in the crust in which movement occurs?A~ semtic cracks


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B~faultsC~ cracksD~ none of the above

9. Which of the following describes the build up and release of stress during an earthquake?a.the Modified Mercalli Scale

b. the elastic rebound theoryc. the principle of superpositiond.the travel time difference

10. The amount of ground displacement in an earthquake is called the _________ .a.epicenterb.dipc.slipd.focus

11. The point where movement occurred which triggered the earthquake is the _______ .a.dip

b.epicenterc.focusd. strike

12.How many seismograph stations are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?a.1b.2c.3d.4

13.Earthquakes can occur with _________ faulting.a.normal

b.reversec.thrustd.all of these

14. In general, the most destructive earthquake waves are the __________ .a.P wavesb.S wavesc.Surface wavesd. Q waves

15. Where is the focus with respect to the epicenter:

a.directly below the epicenterb.directly above the epicenterc. in the P wave shadow zoned. in the S wave shadow zone

16. Who developed the procedure used to measure the size of an earthquake?a.Charles Richterb. Edward Sheridanc.James Hutton


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d. Art Smith

17. Which of the following measures an earthquake's intensity based on the observed effects onpeople and structures?a. Richter scaleb. Modified Mercalli scale

c. the Centigrade scaled.the moment magnitude scale

18. Which of the following can be triggered by an earthquake?a. tsunamib. intense ground shakingc. a landslided. all of these

19. Which of the following can trigger a tsunami?a.undersea earthquakes

b.undersea landslidesc.the eruption of an oceanic volcanod. all of these

20. Which of the following waves is the slowest?a.P wavesb. S wavesc.Surface wavesd. tsunami

21. This weather instrument measures air pressure.A. wind vane

B. barometerC. rain gaugeD. anemometerE. thermometer

22. This type of weather instrument measures air temperature.A. barometerB. rain gaugeC. anemometerD. thermometer

23. This type of weather instrument measures wind direction.

A. wind vaneB. barometerC. rain gaugeD. anemometerE. thermometer

24. This type of instrument measures the amount of precipitation.A. wind vaneB. barometer


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C. rain gaugeD. anemometerE. thermometer

25. In what direction does a wind point?A. where the wind is blowing to

B. where the wind is coming fromC. where the wind was yesterdayD. where the wind will be tomorrow

26. Which is true of the continental slope?A) it marks the boundary of continental crustB) it has variable widthC) it descends into great depthsD) all of these

27.The deepest portions of the ocean basins are:A) continental slopes.

B) abyssal plains.C) mid-ocean ridges.D) ocean trenches.

28.The continental rise is:A) a flat-topped seamount.B) a portion of the mid-ocean ridge.C) an uplifted portion of the continent.D) a wedge of sediment at the base of the continental slope.

29. The continental shelves of the world are typically covered by relatively young sediments isderived from:

A) precipitation from seawater.B) from volcanic eruptions.C) shells of microscopic organisms.D) the erosion of the continents.

30.Active volcanoes are associated with:A) Ocean islands.B) Mid-Ocean Ridges.C) Active continental margins.D) all of these

31.The portion of the continental margin that marks the true edge of the continent isA) abyssal plain.B) continental rise.C) continental slope.D) continental shelf.

32.Pelagic sediment could be composed ofA) calcareous ooze.B) siliceous ooze.C) red clay.


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D) all of these

33.A rock is:A) a naturally occurring, hard, solid substanceB) any hard, solid substance on earth

C) an aggregate of mineralsD) only produced by cooling of magma

34.Compaction and cementation are two common processes associated with:A) erosionB) transportationC) sedimentationD) lithification

35.The chemical element found in dolomite that is not found in limestone is:Need a Hint?

A) calciumB) carbonC) magnesiumD) oxygen

36.Most magma forms in...A. continental crustB. the lithosphereC. the asthenosphereD. ocean crust

37. An opening in the earth's surface through which molten rock flows is called a ...

A. ventB. calderaC. mantleD. fault

38. An opening on the earth's surface through which molten rock flows and the material thatbuilds up around the opening together form a...A. subduction zoneB. trenchC. convergent boundaryD. volcano

39.The broad volcanic feature formed by quiet eruptions on thin lava flows is called a ...A. shield zoneB. cinder coneC. riftD. strato-volcano

40. What is formed when a magma chamber empties and collapses?A. a craterB. a fissure


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C. a calderaD. a vent

41. A population explosion of phytoplankton is called a(n)a) Red Tideb) Algal Bloom

c) Algae Bloomd) Green Tide

42.What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered with water?a) 60%b) 70%c) 75%d) 80%

43.What unit of measurement is usually used to measure wind speed on the oceans?a) miles per hourb) kilometers per hour

c) knotsd) none of these

44.Ozone is a type of

A. nitrogenB. oxygenC. carbon dioxideD. water vapor

45.The most abundant element in the earth's atmosphere is

A. oxygenB. argonC. hydrogenD. nitrogen

46.The layer of the atmosphere in which weather change occurs is the

A. mesosphereB. troposphereC. thermosphereD. stratosphere

47. In which layer of the earth's atmosphere is most ozone found?

A. troposphereB. thermosphereC. stratosphereD. mesosphere

48.What type of radiation is trapped on the earth's surface by the greenhouse effect?


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A. ultraviolet raysB. X raysC. gamma raysD. infrared rays

49. The transfer of heat that takes place when fluids (gases and liquids) are unevenly heated iscalled

A. reflectionB. conductionC. radiationD. convection

50.Which of the following adds oxygen to the atmosphere?

A. forest fires

B. photosynthesisC. weathering of rocksD. life processes of animals

pt exam st1

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