Public Water System Operation and Maintenance Manual

Beowawe Roadside Park

April 15, 2019

Prepared by:

Nevada Department of Transportation

1951 Idaho Street

Elko, NV 89801

Contents

Section 1 – Operation and Maintenance 1

Section 2 – Safety 3

Section 3 – Emergency Response Plan 4

Section 4 – Cross-Connection Control Plan 5

Section 5 – Water Conservation Plan 6

Section 6 – Routine Maintenance Schedule 8

Section 7 – Appendices 9

A – Condition Surveys

B – Sanitary Surveys

C – Sampling Plan and Related Documents

i – Sampling Plan

ii – Coliform Testing Flowchart

iii – Proper Microbiological Sampling Techniques

D – Emergency Contacts

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Beowawe Roadside Park – RP 802 on IR 80 EU M.P. 8.962

I.D. # NV0002214

Section 1 -- Operation and Maintenance: Beowawe Roadside Park

A. Water system standard operation fixtures include:

1. Water well, constructed with 8-inch casing.

2. Submersible water pump with a rating of no less than 5 horsepower.

3. Electrical Panel with circuit breakers and contactors.

4. Tank Building containing a cistern tank with submersible water pump.

5. Water meter located in vault within close proximity to the well.

6. 1/2-inch diameter water line constructed of galvanized pipe running from the meter to the rest area

mechanical room. This line feeds the restroom building and piping to all water systems in the

surrounding grounds including toilets, urinals, wash basins, drinking fountains, irrigation systems,

sewage dump station flush systems, and outside hose bibs.

7. Sewage tanks for the restroom facility and sewage dump flush systems.

8. Tables and outside barbeques.

B. Operational hours for the given facility are 24 hours a day, seven days a week, 365 days a year.

C. This facility is maintained by a third-party janitorial contract services in conjunction with the Nevada

Department of Transportation (NDOT) Emigrant Maintenance Crew 324.

D. Cleaning is to be performed twice a day. This includes thoroughly scouring and disinfecting toilets,

urinals, and wash basins; sweeping and mopping the floors/walls with disinfectant; emptying all trash

receptacles; and restocking of all dispensers. Note that trash receptacles are spread over the entire facility.

E. Garbage is placed in the on-site dumpster for disposal by local vendor once a week.

F. The water, well, and well maintenance is monitored and controlled by the Nevada Department of

Transportation Emigrant Maintenance Crew 324 and Crew 302. This includes weekly inspections and

repairs as deemed necessary in addition to the following:

1. Monthly water sampling (all sampling will be in accordance with NAC445A.459)

a. Bacteriological presence testing performed monthly by the Nevada State Health Laboratory

(NSHL) in Reno, Nevada.

b. NSHL testing for nitrate concentrations will occur once a year.

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c. Nitrite, total N, and secondary inorganic chemical testing is to be performed by NSHL every 3

years.

d. Total coliform testing is to be performed monthly.

e. All test results are sent to the Nevada Department of Transportation Emigrant Maintenance

Crew 324 and Crew 302 Administration for conformity. In the event of a failing result, the

failed test will be repeated until the problem area is identified and recertified.

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Section 2 – Safety

A. Chlorine and Chemical safety: Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) is the only hazardous chemical expected

to be used during the operation of the system. The chlorine concentration used at this facility is not

much stronger than the bleach used in households. Even though the bleach is not very strong, it still

requires care in its use to prevent any harm. Chlorine solutions are required during the cleaning and

disinfection of the system for routine maintenance. Avoid any contact with skin and eyes; also avoid

inhaling vapors. Clean spills on equipment immediately to avoid corrosion of the parts. Clean the spills

by diluting the solution with water.

Ascorbic acid (also known as vitamin C) is another chemical that may be found, but it is usually not

hazardous. The chemical can be used to dechlorinate water discharged to the environment. Avoid any

contact with the eyes.

B. Safety Equipment:

Safety equipment you should carry with you:

1. Fire extinguisher

2. Operable radio

3. Flashlight

4. Personal Protection Equipment – gloves, safety glasses, etc.

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Section 3 -- Emergency Response Plan: Beowawe Roadside Park

System failures (i.e. water, sewer, electrical, heating) would be reported to NDOT (*) and the entire facility

would be closed until system function could be restored. Closure of this type of facility would be performed

by an NDOT maintenance crew and would include:

A. Removal of all occupants within the facility grounds

B. Barricading and posting off the main entrance roadway

C. Posting IR 80 rest area advisory signs as “Closed”

D. Immediate notification of district headquarters of said closure

E. Notification of district headquarters of the estimated timeframe to reopen the facility

There is currently no emergency power backup available at this site. In the event of an electrical power

failure to the pump, the system would go offline until power is restored. Depending on the level of water

consumption after a power failure, the water pressure in the system could eventually be depleted. Pressure

loss could also occur from a water line break at the facility. In the event of a loss of pressure event, the

water distribution system will be disinfected in accordance with AWWA C651 and flushed. Following

disinfection and flushing, coliform samples will be collected on 2 separate days. Both samples must pass

in order for the facility to reopen. In the event of a test failing, the process will repeat starting with

disinfection and flushing. Consult the Nevada Department of Environmental Protection Bureau of Safe

Drinking Water (NDEP BSDW) in the event of any loss of pressure event.

*(Emergency numbers are posted in the Beowawe Roadside Park bulletin board area.)

In the event of a natural disaster, the facility would remain open unless any of its main systems (water,

sewer, electrical, or heating) were damaged to the point of being non-functional, or the facility suffered

structural damage significant enough to put it in an unstable state.

In the event of well contamination (from flooding, vandalism, hazardous material spills, etc.), the facility

will be closed, and the well will be disinfected in accordance with AWWA C654 before being brought back

on-line and the facility reopened.

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Section 4 – Cross-Connection Control Plan: Beowawe Roadside Park

A. No water service connection shall be installed or maintained by the water purveyor unless the water

supply is protected from backflow as required by NAC 445A.67185

B. Backflow prevention assemblies are to be properly installed and maintained by NDOT Crew 302.

C. Any unprotected cross connections are to be corrected.

D. Backflow prevention assemblies shall be repaired or replaced by the NDOT Crew 302 whenever the

assemblies are found to be defective.

E. All backflow prevention devices must be NSF 61 listed and Third Party certified as lead free.

A Pressure Vacuum Breaker (PVB) backflow preventer is located on the irrigation system feeder lines in

the restroom building. This will be tested by a certified third-party tester (*) annually. It will also be

inspected for proper operation yearly before the first use of the irrigation system by a certified tester (*).The

double check valve assembly in the vault at the RV dump station flush water system will also be tested

annually by a certified tester (*).

*(A certified tester is a certified backflow prevention tester that is approved to test devices in the

State of Nevada)

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Section 5 – Water Conservation Plan

A. Introduction:

1. The Nevada Department of Transportation (NDOT) District III Beowawe Rest Areas are located on

I-80; one on the north side of the freeway (westbound) and the other on the south side (eastbound).

The well that serves both areas is located on the north side of the westbound onramp to I-80. At

approximately federal mile marker 258 is a well casing that serves the Chlorine Treatment Building.

The flow meter is located underground near the well head.

2. The well was tagged by the Nevada State Health Division and is labeled PWS #000221 Source #W01.

The well was last serviced in 2002. It provides water to a directly adjacent 10,000-gallon storage tank

(below grade) that serves the Chlorine Storage Tank Building where a 1500-gallon pressure tank is

located.

3. Water lines route from the Chlorine Treatment Building to the westbound rest area building and

underneath I-80 to the eastbound rest area building. These provide for the domestic and irrigation

systems at both rest areas.

4. Water is used for restroom facilities, irrigation, drinking fountains, and RV dump stations. The water

systems at the rest area facilities are categorized as Transient Non-Community Water System. The rest

areas are maintained by NDOT and independent service providers. The service providers are hired by

NDOT and they provide janitorial and maintenance services.

5. Each area has a men’s and women’s restroom. The men’s room includes wall mounted flushing toilets

(2) and wall mounted flushing urinals (2). The women’s room includes wall mounted flushing toilets

(4). Toilets and urinals are equipped with push button to flush. Each restroom has wall mounted sinks

(3) with push button timers set at approximately 3 seconds. Each rest area has exterior drinking

fountains (3).

6. Both rest areas have a RV septic dump system. Frost free hydrants (4) are installed outside the facility

buildings.

7. The irrigation systems are drip emitters which provide water to 71 trees at the eastbound area and 76

trees at the westbound area. There are no lawn areas at either area. The trees are watered via a drip

line system two (2) times a day, seven (7) days a week from 6:00 am – 8:00 am and 7:00 pm – 9:00

pm.

8. Signage indicates to travelers that maximum stay is 18 hours. No fee is associated with the direct use

of water.

9. Rest areas are open 24 hours a day, but not manned. A janitorial/maintenance service provider is

scheduled to clean, perform minor maintenance, and monitor the sites twice daily.

10. No effluent water is used at the sites. All waste water goes into septic tanks and then into leach fields.

Septic tanks are pumped at regular intervals.

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B. Public Education:

1. Maintain signage on bulletin boards at the rest areas to encourage water conservation.

C. Conservation Measure/Management of Water:

1. NDOT staff and service providers monitor fixtures and irrigation systems for unnecessary usage.

NDOT provides parts for the service provider to perform minor repairs on irrigation systems. NDOT

performs all other repairs. NDOT signage indicates the District Office information, including contact

information. The traveling public often reports water related issues, such as running water or damage

to the irrigation system by calling the District Office.

Because there is only one connection to the well and meter it is not possible to determine the

effectiveness of an induvial conservation measure. Total usage can be evaluated by using the well

meter.

There are no new developments at the rest parks. Tiered rate structures are not applicable to these rest

parks as water is not sold and are provided to the public free of charge.

2. Irrigation system is disabled during winter months. Water fountains and frost-free hydrants are turned

off.

3. Push button fixtures are used to conserve water.

D. Drought Contingency:

1. If the water system fails or well water levels fall below a useable level, the rest areas are closed to the

traveling public until it is appropriate to reopen.

2. The irrigation system is turned off as it is an integral part of the water system.

E. Schedule for Carrying Out the Conservation Plan:

1. Maintain signage on bulletin board to encourage users to conserve water.

2. Continue to execute current practices and update fixtures and systems as necessary to maintain facility

and conservation plans.

This water conservation plan will be available to any interested parties at the NDOT District III Sub-District

Administration Offices

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Section 6 – Routine Maintenance Schedule

Routine maintenance reduces the risk of problems occurring. This maintenance should be performed

routinely.

A. Daily:

1. While doing routine maintenance, look for obvious damages to hydrants and other facilities. Repair

if need be.

B. Weekly:

1. While doing routine maintenance, look for less obvious damages to hydrants and other facilities

by a more thorough inspection and operating the valves, etc. Repair if need be.

C. Monthly:

1. Coliform test

2. Inspect the screened drains and overflow pipes to make sure the screens are not damaged. Repair if

need be.

D. Annually:

1. Schedule with NDOT Crew 302 to test the double check backflow device

2. Test for nitrates

3. Test backflow prevention assemblies on hydrants per manufacturer’s instructions

4. Perform a condition survey

E. Every 3 years:

1. Test for nitrites, total N, and secondary inorganic chemicals

2. Perform sanitary survey in conjunction with NDEP

3. Review and update this manual

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Section 7 – Appendices

Appendix A – Condition Surveys

Appendix B – Sanitary Surveys

Appendix C – Sampling Plan and Related Documents

Appendix D – Emergency Contacts

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Appendix A – Condition Surveys

Condition Surveys

A condition survey is used to find any maintenance needs that occur during the normal course of operation

and to encourage proper maintenance between sanitary surveys. Broken items should be repaired as soon

as possible; items to note would be leaky or broken hydrants, water main leaks, screens that are missing or

broken, or failing manway seals.

A condition survey example is attached

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Water System Condition Survey

System Type: Transient Non-Community

Type of survey: Routine Special (reason): ___________________________________________

Administration: Yes No Yes No

Maintenance longs on file ………………....... O&M Plan up to date ............................

Monitoring on schedule ……………………… Monitoring tests passing …………….....

List changes requiring updates to O&M manual: ________________________________________________________________

List failed monitoring tests in the past year: ____________________________________________________________________

List monitoring required in the next year: ______________________________________________________________________

Storage: Yes No Yes No

Tank interior clean ........................................ Manhole lid fits properly, gasket OK ......

Coatings in tact / NSF approved .................. Manway lid 18” above ground ...............

Overflow & drain lines screened/air gapped Manway locked .....................................

Vent pipes screened, down-turned .............

Parts needed for repairs & maintenance: _______________________________________________________________________

Distribution / Transmission: Yes No Yes No

Cross connections fixed / not evident .......... Valves operating properly ......................

Hydrant faucets shut off tight ....................... Pressure / flow normal ...........................

Hose bibs have correct vacuum breakers ... Lines flushed ..........................................

Leaks repaired / not evident ........................ Drain outlet ditch clear, 12” drop ............

Valve boxes accessible ............................... Drain screened .......................................

Double check backflow tested annually ......

Hydrants / leaks to repair: __________________________________________________________________________________

Notes: _______________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

Insp. By: ___________________________________ Date: ___________ Next survey due:____________

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Appendix B – Sanitary Surveys

Sanitary Surveys

Sanitary surveys should be completed every 3-5 years. A sanitary survey is close to a condition survey, but

it is more thorough and focused on health and safety rather than maintenance. The purpose is to find any

health concerns that occur during the normal course of operation, or by a change in health and safety codes.

Surveys are normally performed by Engineering staff and State Health officials.

The items addressed in the survey should be repaired as soon as possible. If the item is extensive, it may be

a future project to be budgeted for and constructed within the next three years. Items to note in a sanitary

survey are water quality issues, storage tank condition, and cross-connection control.

A sanitary survey checklist example is attached.

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Water System Sanitary Survey Checklist

Water System Name: __________________________________________________________________

System Type: Comm. NTNC TNC NPNT NPT Other

Type of survey: Routine Special (reason): __________________________________________

Administration: Yes No Yes No

Maintenance logs on file ................................ O&M Plan up to date ..............................

Monitoring on schedule ................................. Cross Connection Plan ..........................

Monitoring tests passing ................................ Emergency plan on file ...........................

Wells: Yes No Yes No

Area free on contaminant sources ................ Pump maintenance adequate ................

Well log available .......................................... NSF approved lubricants used ...............

Sanitary seal in place .................................... Reliable power source ............................

Proper casing vent installed .......................... Auxiliary power available ........................

Cover plate installed ...................................... Free of cross connections .......................

All openings in casing plugged ...................... Protection from vandalism ......................

Well head 18” above ground / flood level ...... Drainage away from well ........................

Check valve present ...................................... Spare parts available .............................

Sampling tap properly located .......................

Disinfection / Treatment: Yes No Yes No

Facility located properly ................................. Equipment maintained ...........................

Approved chemicals used ............................. Test kits used / log kept .........................

Adequate contact time ................................... Spare parts available .............................

Storage: Yes No Yes No

Tank interior clean ......................................... Manhole lid fits properly, gasket OK ......

Coatings in tact / NSF approve ..................... Tank level controls functioning ...............

Overflow & drain lines screened / air gapped Pressure tank certified ...........................

Vent pipes screened, down-turned ................ Manways locked .....................................

Distribution / Transmission: Yes No Yes No

Backflow protection on hydrants ................... Valves exercised / lines flushed .............

Leaks repaired immediately .......................... Valve boxes accessible ..........................

Appropriate materials used ........................... Drains screened, 12” above ground .......

Adequate pressure / flow ............................... Spare parts available .............................

Notes: _______________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

Inspected By: ____________________________ Date: __________ Next survey due: _________

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Appendix C – Sampling Plan and Related Documents

Sampling Plan

Coliform Testing Flowchart

Proper Microbiological Sampling Techniques

As per NDEP requirements

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Proper Microbiological Sampling Techniques

Proper sampling techniques are extremely important in obtaining accurate water quality information. Poor

sampling techniques may lead to test results indicating bacteriological contamination of your water when

the water is actually safe. Consistently using good sampling techniques will save you time and money.

• Make sure the water in your sample is representative of the water you are providing for consumption.

o Follow the sampling plan for the system, rotating among designated sampling ports as prescribed.

Designated sampling ports should be faucets that are used frequently.

o After any repairs, be sure the system has been disinfected, flushed, and is operating normally

before drawing samples.

• Sample early in the month to allow time for repeat samples if necessary.

• Use the right bottle the right way.

o Use only clean sample bottles provided by the laboratory specifically for bacteriological

sampling.

o Do not rinse the bottle before sampling. A chemical placed in the bottles by the lab is necessary

for correct test results.

o Don't open the bottle until the moment of sampling.

• Sampling Ports must not contaminate the water.

o The best sampling ports (faucets) have these features:

▪ Non-swiveling spout

▪ No aerator or splash guard

▪ No leaks or drips

▪ Plain spout (no threads for attaching hoses)

▪ No vacuum breakers

▪ No attached water purifiers or other assemblies

▪ CLEAN and sanitized

▪ Inside a building unless there aren't any inside faucets

o If your sampling ports don't meet all these requirements, you can mitigate:

▪ If there are aerators, splash guards, screw-on vacuum breakers, water purifiers, or other

assemblies, REMOVE THEM before sanitizing, flushing the line, and drawing the sample

(then put them back).

▪ If the spout is threaded or if you're not sure it's sanitary, apply a solution of bleach or

hypochlorite of at least 1 teaspoon bleach to 1 quart water to the end of the spout (may need

to use a disinfected brush wetted with the bleach solution to make sure threads are clean and

disinfected), then let the water run an extra couple minutes during flushing.

▪ There is no mitigation possible for swivel spouts, for leaking or dripping faucets, or for built-

in vacuum breakers. Don't use these faucets.

• Flush the lines so your sample represents the water in the main.

o Run the water at full flow for two to three minutes before sampling.

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o When sampling from a mixing faucet, run the hot water for 2 to 3 minutes, then the cold for 2

to 3 minutes.

o When sampling from a hand pump, pump water for at least 5 minutes to flush.

• Keep the sample bottle sanitary.

o Keep a good grip near the bottom of the bottle.

o Don't stick your finger or anything else inside the bottle, on the threads, or in the lid.

o Don't set the lid down - hold it by the outside surface while you fill the bottle.

o Use a small water stream so it doesn't splash or overflow.

• A stream about the diameter of your little finger is just right.

o Gently fill the bottle, leaving half an inch to an inch of air space at the top.

o Immediately replace the lid and tighten it so the bottle won't leak.

• Fill out the sample bottle lab label and accompanying form completely. Keep a copy for your

permanent records.

o The information accompanying the sample must include:

▪ Date and time sampled

▪ Specific location where the sample was drawn

▪ Name of person collecting the sample

▪ Type of sample (routine, repeat/check, or special/construction - terms may vary among

jurisdictions)

▪ Free chlorine residual, if system is chlorinated

• Deliver the sample to the lab immediately. The sample must be tested within 48 hours to be valid,

and many labs won't accept samples more than 30 hours old.

o Be sure to send the lab form with the sample.

o Keep the sample cool.

▪ If mailing the sample, use a container provided or approved by the lab.

▪ Only use sealed cold packs, don't use ice. Ice can melt, infiltrate the sample bottle, and

contaminate the sample.

Remember that the goal is NOT to "get a passing test". The goal is to serve good water. Besides being

required by law, bacteriological testing is a tool that will alert you to potential problems with your system

and help you find and fix them.

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Appendix D – Emergency Contacts

NDOT:

District III Office / Elko Road Operations – (775) 777-2700

C-324 Emigrant Maintenance Station Supervisor – (775) 754-6083

Elko Office – (775) 777-2700

Bureau of Safe Drinking Water NDEP:

775-684-2800

Police or Firefighter:

911

Eureka County Sheriff:

775-237-5330