Updated the 5th of March 2019

Regional gap in GDP per capita, 2000-16 Index of regional disparity in GDP per capita, 2016

The gap in GDP per capita between the richest and poorest region decreased in Austria over the last sixteen years. In Burgenland, GDP per capita increased by more than 20% over the period 2000-16, while it stagnated in Salzburg, the richest region. Among the countries with the lowest regional disparities in GDP per capita, Austria ranks in the top 25%.

Over the last sixteen years – and particularly in the wake of the global financial crisis –, productivity growth in Austrian regions was below the OECD average, with growth ranging from 1 % per year over 2000-16 in Vorarlberg to 0.05% per year in the region of Vienna. The youth unemployment rate in Vienna reached 16.7% in 2017, more than twice the level of Upper Austria, but slightly above the 15% OECD average.

Productivity trends, most and least dynamic regions, 2000-16 Youth unemployment rate, 15-24 years old, 2007-17

Source: OECD Regional Database. Notes: (1) Figure on regional gap in GDP per capita: OECD regions refer to the administrative tier of subnational government (large regions, Territorial Level 2); Austria is composed of 9 large regions. (2) Figure on index of regional disparity: top (bottom) 20% regions are defined as those with the highest (lowest) GDP per capita until the equivalent of 20% of national population is reached, this indicator provides a harmonised measure to rank OECD countries, using data for small regions (Territorial Level 3) when available. (3) Productivity is measured as GDP per employee at place of work in constant prices, constant Purchasing Power Parities (reference year 2010).

Austria

20 000

25 000

30 000

35 000

40 000

45 000

50 000

55 000

60 000

2000 2005 2010 2016

GDP per capita in USD PPP

Lowest regionBurgenland

Highest regionSalzburg

29 870 USD

51 990 USD

43 142 USD

1

2

3

4

Top 20 % richest over bottom 20% poorest regionsRatio

Country (number of regions considered)

Small regions(TL3)

Large regions (TL2)

2016 2000

Austria

70 000

75 000

80 000

85 000

90 000

95 000

100 000

2000 2005 2010 2016

GDP per worker in USD PPP

Vorarlberg: highest

productiv ity grow th (+1%

annually )

Vienna region: highest

productiv ity in 2016 and

low est productiv ity

grow th (0.05% av erage

annual grow th ov er

2000-16)

OECD

0

5

10

15

20

25

2007 2012 2017

rate (% )

Lowest rateUpper Austria

Highest rateVienna region

7.1%

16.7%

9.8%Austria

Regions and Cities at a Glance 2018 – AUSTRIA http://www.oecd.org/regional

Economic trends in regions

Updated the 5th of March 2019

Relative ranking of the regions with the best and worst outcomes in the 11 well-being dimensions, with respect to all 402 OECD regions. The eleven dimensions are ordered by decreasing regional disparities in the country. Each well-being dimension is measured by the indicators in the table below.

All nine Austrian regions are among the top 25% of OECD regions in income. The largest regional disparities are found in terms of jobs outcomes (employment and unemployment rates): the region of Vienna is among the bottom 25% of OECD regions, while Salzburg ranks among the top 10%.

Apart from air pollution, the high-performing Austrian regions fare better than the OECD median region in all well-being dimensions. The low-performing Austrian regions fare better than the OECD median region in several well-being indicators, such as homicide rate, income per capita, broadband access, voter turnout and life satisfaction.

Source: OECD Regional Database. Visualisation: https://www.oecdregionalwellbeing.org. Notes: (1) OECD regions refer to the first administrative tier of subnational government (large regions, Territorial Level 2); Austria is composed of 9 large regions. (2) Household income per capita data are based on USD constant PPP, constant prices (year 2010).

Salzburg Tyrol

Tyrol

Carinthia

VorarlbergLower Austria

Burgenland

Tyrol

Carinthia

Styria Vorarlberg

Vienna

Vienna

Vienna

Vienna

Vienna Vorarlberg

Vienna

Vorarlberg

Vorarlberg

BurgenlandVienna

Jobs Community Environment Safety Health CivicEngagement

Housing LifeSatisfaction

Education Access toservices

Income

Top region Bottom region

Ranki

ng of

OE

CD

regio

ns

(1 to 4

02)

top 2

0%

botto

m

20%

mid

dle

60%

Vienna region Regions (Bundeslände)

Top 20% Bottom 20%

Jobs

Employment rate 15 to 64 years old (%), 2017 67.7 70.8 74.6 63.7

Unemployment rate 15 to 64 years old (%), 2017 5.5 5.6 3.5 10.5

Community

Perceived social netw ork support (%), 2013 91.4 92.4 94.8 90.8

Environment

Level of air pollution in PM 2.5 (µg/m³), 2015 12.4 16.7 12.5 21.5

Safety

Homicide Rate (per 100 000 people), 2016 1.4 0.5 0.2 0.9

Health

Life Expectancy at birth (years), 2016 80.4 81.8 82.7 80.9

Age adjusted mortality rate (per 1 000 people), 2016 8.1 7.5 6.9 8.1

Civic engagement

Voters in last national election (%), 2017 or lastest year 70.9 80.0 84.8 75.2

Housing

Rooms per person, 2016 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.6

Life Satisfaction

Life satisfaction (scale from 0 to 10), 2013 6.8 7.3 7.4 7.2

Education

Labour force w ith at least upper secondary education (%), 2017 81.7 86.1 88.1 84.0

Access to services

Households w ith broadband access (%), 2017 78.0 88.0 89.7 86.3

Income

Disposable income per capita (in USD PPP), 2016 17 695 23 770 24 912 23 003

Country

Average

OECD

Median

Austrian regions

Differences in well-being across regions

Updated the 5th of March 2019

OECD population is concentrated in cities* Percentage of population in cities, 2016

Source: OECD Metropolitan Database. Number of cities: 6 in Austria and 1 138 within the OECD.

In Austria, 56% of the population lives in cities of more than 50 000 inhabitants. The share of population in cities with more than 500 000 people is 40% compared to 55% in the OECD area.

Importance of metropolitan areas Cities above 500 000 people, 2015

Contribution of metropolitan areas to GDP growth Cities above 500 000 people, 2000-15

Metropolitan areas in Austria account for 43% of national GDP and 40% of employment. Between 2000 and 2015, they generated 37% of the national GDP growth.

In terms of GDP per capita, Vienna and Linz rank in the highest third among the 327 OECD metropolitan areas. Air pollution in Austrian metropolitan areas is above the OECD average. The two Austrian metropolitan areas are among the third most polluted in the OECD.

OECD Metropolitan areas ranking Cities above 500 000 people

GDP per capita, 2016

(or latest available year, Austria 2015)

Air pollution (PM2.5), 2017

Source: OECD Metropolitan Database. Number of metropolitan areas with a population of over 500 000: 2 in Austria compared to 327 in the OECD. * Note: Cities are defined here as functional urban areas, which are composed by high-density urban centres of at least 50 000 people and their areas of influence (commuting zone). For more information, see: http://www.oecd.org/cfe/regional-policy/functionalurbanareasbycountry.htm.

40%

13%3%

44%

United States

people in citieswith population above 500 000

peopleoutside cities

United States

people in cities withpopulation between50 000 and 250 000

8.6 million people - 56% live in cities

United StatesAustria

people in cities with population between 250 000 and 500 000

OECD average

1.2 billion people - 70%live in cities

people in citieswith population

above 500 000

people in cities withpopulation between

50 000 and 250 000

peopleoutside cities

55%

9%

30%

people in cities with populationbetween 250 000 and 500 000

6%

43% 40% 40%

63%58% 55%

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

% of nationalGDP

% of nationalemployment

% of nationalpopulation

Austria OECD average%

37%

68%

Vie

nn

a

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1 2

%

All metropolitan areas Largest contributor

Austria OECD average

32

7 m

etr

op

olit

an

are

as

0

20 000

40 000

60 000

80 000

100 000USD PPP

Top 20% richest metropolitan areas

Bottom 20% poorest metropolitan areas

0

10

20

30

Lev el of air pollution in PM 2.5 (µg/m³)

Top 20% least polluted metropolitan areas

Bottom 20% most polluted metropolitan areas

Metropolitan areas in the national economy

Updated the 5th of March 2019

Subnational government expenditure by function As a share of total subnational government expenditure, 2016

Subnational government expenditure amounts to USD 9 174 per capita in Austria compared to an OECD average of USD 6 817. In Austria, this is equivalent to 36% of total public expenditure and to 18% of GDP. In comparison, across the OECD, subnational government expenditure accounts for 40% of total public expenditure and for 16% of GDP. Health and social protection are the two largest spending items for subnational governments in Austria: together they represent 48% of subnational expenditure compared to 32% in the OECD area.

In Austria, 41% of total public investment was carried out by subnational governments (SNG) compared to an OECD average of 56.9%.

Role of subnational governments in public investment Subnational government public investment per capita, 2016

Source: OECD Subnational Government Structure and Finance Database. Note: The function ‘Other’ includes housing and community amenities, recreation, culture and religion; environment; public order and safety.

OECD Regions and Cities at a Glance 2018

The 2018 edition of OECD Regions and Cities at a Glance shows how regions and cities contribute to national growth and the well-being of societies. It updates its regular set of region-by-region indicators, examining a wide range of policies and trends and identifying those regions that are outperforming or lagging behind in their country.

Consult this publication on line: https://oe.cd/pub/2n9

HealthHealth 26% 18%

Social protection 22% 14% Social protection

Education 17% 25% Education

General public services 15% 14% General public services

Economic affairs 13% 14% Economic affairs

OtherOther 8% 15%

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Austria OECD average

Subnational expenditure per capita: USD 9 174 USD 6 817

0

200

400

600

800

1 000

1 200

1 400

1 600

Total public investmentUSD 1 512 per capita3% of GDP

Total public investmentUSD 1 278 per capita3.0% of GDP

Subnational governmentinvestmentUSD 620 per capita41.0% of public investment

USD per capita

Subnational government investmentUSD 727 per capita 56.9% of public investment

OECD averageAustria

Subnational government finance