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Reclamation of Mines and Mine-spoils. K.D. Sharma Head Technical and R & D Greenfield Eco Solutions Pvt Ltd (GESPL) www.greenfieldeco.com. Mid Career Training Program for IFS Officers, 2013 IGNFA, Dehradun. Mining Leases in India. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Reclamation of Mines and Mine-spoils

K.D. Sharma Head Technical and R & DGreenfield Eco Solutions Pvt Ltd (GESPL)www.greenfieldeco.com

Mid Career Training Program for IFS Officers, 2013IGNFA, Dehradun

1Mining Leases in IndiaTotal area under mining leases in India is about 1 million ha. Out of this about 0.4 million ha area is under coal mines.This does not include individual leases under 10 ha area each.Area-wise Distribution of Mining Leases*(Indian Bureau of Mines, Nagpur, 2010)Frequency group area (ha)# of mining leases% of leasesArea (000 ha)% of area0-50868283841650-10089086613100-20043646012200-50028138617500199221142All groups10488100507100* Excluding fuel, atomic and minor minerals

Impact of Mines and Mine-spoils and Environmental DamagesHypothesis of Reclamation Conducting post-mining soil and mine-spoil inventories define the establishment of ecosystem stability. Understanding successful germ-plasm selection; characterizing physical and chemical properties of soil, mine-spoils and overburden; conserving and maximizing soil moisture storage through rainwater harvesting; and evaluating plant community sustainability are important. Criteria for Evaluating Mine-land ReclamationStabilization of surface materials through appropriate landscape reconstruction, and Establishment of long-term, sustainable vegetation communities.

In general, a silvi-pastoral system is being designed for reclamation as it complements the needs of local population.What is Required?Case Study 1: Reclamation of Lignite Mine-spoilLocation: Giral Village, Barmer, RajasthanRainfall: 265 mm per yearType of Mining: OpencastWater Harvesting: MCWHSAmendments: Fine Sand, Caliche and FYMPlant Species: Indigenous, Naturalized and Exotic Leguminous and Indigenous Non-leguminous (15 species) Coal/Lignite Mining (Giral,Rajasthan)Before Reclamation

After Reclamation

Case Study 2: Reclamation of Limestone Mine-spoilLocation: Gotan Village, Nagore, RajasthanRainfall: 424 mm per yearType of Mining: OpencastWater Harvesting: BTRHSAmendments: Bentonite, Fine Sand and FYMPlant Species: Indigenous, Naturalized and Exotic Leguminous and Indigenous Non-leguminous (19 species) Limestone Mine Spoil: After Reclamation (JK White, Gotan, Rajasthan)

Case Study 3: Reclamation of Gypsum Mine-spoilLocation: Kavas Village, Barmer, RajasthanRainfall: 265 mm per yearType of Mining: StripWater Harvesting: MCWHSAmendments: Fine Sand & FYM in Auger HolesPlant Species: Indigenous, Naturalized and Exotic Leguminous and Indigenous Non-leguminous (23 species) Gypsum Mine Spoil: After Reclamation (FCI, Kavas, Rajasthan)

Micro-catchment Rainwater Harvesting System (MCWHS) for Backfills(A variant of MCRHS is Ridge-Furrow System)

Bench Terracing Rainwater Harvesting System (BTRHS) for OB Dumps(A variant of BTRHS is Half Moon Terracing)

Soil Moisture Storage (% volume)*Mine-spoilWith RWHWithout RWHLignite/Coal18.313.6Limestone6.14.6Gypsum6.44.0* Monthly mean of 4 years (1997-2000)Iron Ore Mining (Advalpal, Goa)Before Reclamation

After Reclamation

In situ Rainwater HarvestingJodhpur, RajasthanAgolai, Jaisalmer

On-site Rainwater HarvestingRaipur, ChhattisgarhMahoba, Uttar Pradesh

Check Dam for Rainwater Conservation(NMDC Diamond Mine, Panna, Madhya Pradesh)

Development of Greenbelts I(Beechwal, Bikaner)

Development of Greenbelts - IIAt Industry (Solan, Himachal Pradesh)

Along Canal (Suratgarh, Rajasthan)

The Company: GESPL Greenfield Eco Solutions Pvt. Ltd. (GESPL) incorporated under the Indian Companies Act 1956 (CIN: U74900RJ2012PTC039532), offers One-Stop Solutions for reclamation of degraded lands and restoration of damaged environments associated with the core-infra sectors of economy such as mining, power, manufacturing, industrialization, urbanization and infrastructure development.Mission of GESPL To restore the forest wealth, greenbelts and vegetative covers, improve environment and create a corpus fund for the purpose thereof.Vision of GESPL To reconcile and balance the environmental concerns vis-a-vis economic and social development in a perpetual and sustainable manner as per the mandate of Article 21 of Indian Constitution, Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Bill 2011, and State, National and International Sustainable Development Frameworks.Capabilities and Expertise of GESPL- IDeveloping landscape, forests, grasslands, fodders, crops, greenbelts and vegetative covers on degraded lands, which complement the needs of local communities and minimize the impacts of global warming and climate change.

ContinueCapabilities and Expertise of GESPL - IIWater conservation and Runoff management; in situ, ex situ and on-site rainwater harvesting; water auditing; water use economy; supplemental/deficit irrigation; CSR activities; and other related issues.

ContinueCapabilities and Expertise of GESPL-III

Selecting successful germplasms; characterizing soil/over-burden and waste/spoils; restoring land capability; landscaping and land shaping; controlling soil erosion; profile development; soil modifications; creating plant-rooting medium; planting techniques; phyto-stabilization and phyto-remediation of mine tailings, OB dumps and backfills; and ensured post-reclamation sustainability.QWe are committed to delivering guaranteed post-reclamation/remediation sustainability employing cutting edge, state-of-the-art green technology and post-care maintenance of land, water and environmental resources to enhance customer satisfaction and provide continued improvement of our products, services, support and technology.Quality Policy of GESPLPlease contact:[email protected]

Thank You!For more information or assistance

of Society D(S)Well-beingUneven TopographyDenudation of Forest CoverWaste / Spoil PilesAir, Noise and Water PollutionDeleterious Impacts on Human and Livestock HealthDepletion of Water Resources and Altered Water Quality / Contamination