recoveryplanning group c

Nazanin Mehregan I Gunther Stoll I Michela Guglielmi I Ella Yin Chi

TEMP

OUSE

PROJECT PROPOSAL FOR TEMPORARY HOUSING IN OFUNATO

1 OUTLINE OF OFUNATO SITUATION

Ofunato

Location of Ofunato in Iwate Prefecture

PAC

IFIC

OC

EAN

Epicentre of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami

Location and history of disaster Ōfunato is situated fairly close to an undersea volcano, and suffers from frequent earthquakes of

various scales. The 1896 Meiji-Sanriku earthquake caused a 25 metre tsunami which killed 27,000 people. The 1933 Sanriku earthquake caused a 28 metre tsunami which killed 1522 people. The 1960 Valdivia earthquake in Chile on 22 May 1960. The 2011 Ōfunato earthquake caused a 23.6 metre tsunami which heavily damaged Tōhoku.

6 PRODUCT CYCLE


Characteristic of the location

• Climate • Topography • Geography


Location and history of disaster

Funnelled in by a narrow bay, the tsunami continued inland for 3 kilometres.

The town's theatre and schools are one of very few buildings left standing and give shelter to the tsunami survivors.

Ofunato Population

40,737

Human & Building Damages (as of July 25th 2011)

Dead Missing Injured Total % of population

330 122 452 unknown 1.1

Houses before

disaster

Houses destroyed

Designated evacuation sites before

disaster

Evacuation sites

inundated

15,138 58 min. 6 3,498

Damage and needs

No. People who still

evacuated

1370 1 mil. €

Resource Damage

Ofunato suffered human damages, lifeline damages, capital damages as well as damage to homes, manufacturing, agricultural, and forestry facilities, public works, etc.


Damage and needs

QUICK SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTS

1.6% of the population under 19

55.0 % of the population over 50

32.6% unemployed

25.6% Office workers

10.5% Family business

8.2% Fishery

39.8% Move to higher ground


13.3% Construct same location

89.1% Home owners

5.8 % Apartment tenants

24.7% 2 person household


15.8% 6 person % above household


Ofunato

Selection of sites for temporary housing

HARBOUR

OFUNATO HOSPITAL

OFUNATO TRAIN STATION

SITE 1

SITE 2

SITE 3

HIGHWAY

HIGHWAY

WORKING SPACES

WORKING SPACES

WORKING SPACES

CITY OFFICE

WORKING SPACES

SHOPPING

SHOPPING

SHOPPING

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

HIGH SCHOOL

HEALTH CENTRE

HEALTH CENTRE

COMMUNITY CENTRE

MAIN SITE SELECTION

CRITERIA

PROXIMITY INCLUSION

TERRAIN CONNECTIVITY

LAND ISSUES

2 STRUCTURE OF PROJECT

COUNTERPART ① ❷

③ ❹

• Municipality • Private Contractors • Beneficiaries • CBO s

UNIT COSTS NUMBER OF SUPPLY

DURATION OF SUPPLY

Temporary 2 years in accordance

with local regulations. Option for incremental upgrading to a permanent structure.

150 flexible housing modules: •Co-housing •Single House •Family House •Commercial and community facilities

300 people benefited.

Each module around 40,000 euro The total project costs is

approx. 6 mil. euro including public

spaces, and infrastructure.

If possible an option for acquiring ownership of the

housing units after the end of the recovery phase will be given to the

beneficiaries.

MASTER PLAN OF SITE PROPOSAL

3 SITE PLANS

3 SITE PLANS

MASTER PLAN OF SITE PROPOSAL

3 SITE PLANS

SITE SECTION

3 SITE PLANS

ventilation

4 HOUSING CONCEPT

HOUSING CONCEPT & STRUCTURE

Permanent

Imported trailers •Re-locatable •transform and upgradable •Reuse and recyclable

Temporary PERMANENT

4 HOUSING CONCEPT

Incremental

Temporary Permanent

Steel stru. wood glass Hard Board prefab materials

4 HOUSING CONCEPT

One module 2 person Two module 1 family (4 or more people)

Bed Room Living Room

Kitchen Services

Vestibule

Bed Room Living Room

Kitchen Services

Vestibule

4 HOUSING CONCEPT

4 HOUSING CONCEPT

5 RESIDENT SELECTION AND MAINTANCE

SELECTION SCHEME

TENANTS MIX No. of units reserved for people with special needs

50%

CRITERIA

PROCESS

COMMUNITY STRUCTURE Existing communities structure will be moved together

PRIORITY People with special needs will be served first

① ❷ ③ ❹

①❷④③❸❹

REGISTRATION WITH THE MUNICIPALITY Obligation to fill in needs assessment questionary

EVALUATION OF THE NEEDS ASSESSMENT QUESTIONARY BY THE MUNICIPALITY

Based on its evaluation of the questionnaire, the Recovery Board elaborates a priority list in accordance to the pre-selected criteria.

Allocation of the new housing units to the beneficiaries in accordance to the pre-selected.

5 RESIDENT SELECTION AND MAINTANANCE

MAINTANANCE

PARTICIPATION ① ❷

③ ❹

The beneficiaries are included in the construction process of the temporary housing units in the earliest construction phases as possible.

OWNERSHIP ACCOUNTABILITY

TRAINING/JOB CREATION During the construction phase technical assistance will be given by experts contracted by the NGO.

During the construction phase a community architect and maintenance committee will be selected by the community. The committee will be accountable and responsible for the maintenance of the new housing units and public facilities. The responsibility for the maintenance of the public infrastructure is with the municipality.

If possible a option for acquiring ownership of the housing units after the end of the recovery phase will be given to the beneficiaries.

Simultaneously workshops will be organized by the NGO experts to train the beneficiaries in construction and maintenance

After training the beneficiaries will be employed and paid by the NGO for their labor input.

6 PRODUCT CYCLE

LOGISTICS AND PRODUCT CYCLE

MATERIAL ① ❷ The selection of the construction material follows the criteria of sustainability. Local materials will be given priority.

DELIVERY & DISPOSAL Materials from the region will be given priority and will be delivered via the existing road infrastructure. Externally assembled structures will be shipped to the city via the sea way. Structure of the housing units will be disassembable & moveable. The units can go back in the recovery stock or be reused in another location of emergency (either via the sea way or road network). The housing units can be incrementally upgraded to a permanent structure. A option of ownership will be given to the beneficiaries reducing the need for disposal and recycling.

7 AFTER THE END OF CONTRACT

- Land tenure issues negotiated and consulted by municipality, if remained in this site, community members

are able to decide for the ways of ownership, for instance, - receive the ownership in case of upgrading the house to permanent, a microfinance scheme can be presented to assist the community financially - receive the ownership of an upgraded house by mortgage payments or a microfinance scheme

- Trailers that are upgraded and transformed to permanent housing remain and the ones that are not, are

exported for further uses.

- Community members are responsible for the maintenance of houses, that also fosters community spirit. The

sense of ownership also guaranties the good maintenance.

After the end of contract

Social Recovery

Economic Recovery

Economic Recovery

Objective:

• Provide suitable and desirable accommodation and return strategy for the affected population

• Provide a safer Ofunato in terms of

earthquake and Tsunami

• Integrate community in decision making and implementation to increase their capacities and skills, provide job opportunities and revive their relations.

• Creating a more attractive city for its own inhabitants in addition to tourists.

Vision and objectives

Vision:

• Reduce vulnerability in long term visions

• Apply prevention strategies

• Disaster as an opportunity not a threat

• Adopt the redevelopment of the city to the shrinking population

• Respecting nature and adopting to its geographical characteristics

• Promote economical and social Sustainability

• Promote diverse socio-economicactivities and functions

Vision and objectives


Ofunato

Selection of sites for temporary housing

HARBOUR

OFUNATO HOSPITAL

OFUNATO TRAIN STATION

SITE 1

SITE 2

SITE 3

HIGHWAY

HIGHWAY

WORKING SPACES

WORKING SPACES

WORKING SPACES

CITY OFFICE

WORKING SPACES

SHOPPING

SHOPPING

SHOPPING

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

HIGH SCHOOL

HEALTH CENTRE

HEALTH CENTRE

COMMUNITY CENTRE

MAIN SITE SELECTION

CRITERIA

PROXIMITY INCLUSION

TERRAIN CONNECTIVITY

LAND ISSUES

STRATEGY PLAN

Inundated area

STRATEGY PLAN

Affected residential areas

Levels of destruction

Levels of destruction

STRATEGY PLAN

Damage and needs

QUICK SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTS

1.6% of the population under 19

55.0 % of the population over 50

32.6% unemployed

25.6% Office workers

10.5% Family business

8.2% Fishery


18.0% Renovation

13.3% Construct same location

89.1% Home owners

5.8 % Apartment tenants



15.8% 6 person % above household

STRATEGY PLAN

SITE 2

SITE 1

60%

%

60%

%

40%

40%

%

%

Wall sh

op

pin

g

STRATEGY PLAN

Wall Housing Strategy

LAND USE

HARBOUR

TRAIN STATION

Semi-Industrial/Public Facilities

Mixed-Use and Commerce



Industry related to fisihing

Semi-industrial

Light-industrial

Special-uses

Regreation/Parks/Sports facilities

HARBOUR

TRAIN STATION






Semi-industrial

Light-industrial

Special-uses

Regreation/Parks

LAND USE

HARBOUR

TRAIN STATION






Semi-industrial

Light-industrial

Special-uses

Regreation/Parks

4 NEW LAND USE

SCENIC WALK

TSUNAMI PREPARDNESS

TRAIN STATION

TRAIN STATION

CROSSING PLAN

4 SECTION RAILWAY DAM

TSUNAMI WALL

7 TRANSPORT

TRAIN STATION

TRAIN STATION

COLLECTIVE COMMUNITY TAXI (CCT) • Purchase of 20 vans by local municipality • Micro-finance scheme to purchase in payments for community members • Training of 20 local community members • Subsidized transport fees for recovery phase Peak hours: Fixed schedule I Fixed collection points and destinations Off hours: Fix schedule I Flexible destination

TIMELINE

RECOVERY STRATEGY

RECOVERY TIMELINE

Reconstruction and repairofdemagedinfrastructure

Temporary market

PortRecovery

Housing : New Settlement

Farm Land

FunctionalWall

Community meeting

Floating area : Landscapepark

Festival area

Commercail activity

Income/Job Evacuation Training

Gap Filler

Heritage buildings restored

Tsunami Education

Fish industry

Railway station

New business creation

Disaster reduction

MentalHealth

1year 2years 4years 10 years 5years 7years

Industry area deplaced

TRANSITIONAL OFUNATO

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