report on “carbon nano materials and applications workshop”

1

Report on “Carbon Nano Materials and

Applications Workshop” Chaired by: Dr. G.P. “Bud” Peterson,

Georgia Institute of Technology

Haiping Hong

South Dakota School of Mines and Technology

Oral 030412 NSF/ONR thermal workshop

http://www.sdsmt.edu/

2

Carbon Nano Materials and Applications Workshop


有朋自远方来, 不亦乐乎? How happy we are, To meet friends from afar!

Confucius


3

Hosted by the South Dakota School of Mines & Technology

October 30 – November 1, 2011, Radisson Hotel, Rapid City, SD




著名景点 BlackHill, SD

Mount Rushmore

Bad land

5



Workshop organizing committee:

Chair: Dr. G.P. 'Bud' Peterson, President, Georgia Institute of Technology

Co-Chair: Dr. Haiping Hong, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology

Workshop steering committee:

Dr. Ronald White, Vice President of Research, South Dakota School of Mines & Technolgy

Mrs. Pauline Smith, Program Manager, US Army Research Laboratory

Dr. Sumanta Acharya, Manager, US NSF Thermal Transport Program

Dr. Edward Duke, Director, South Dakota NASA EPSCoR Program


6


Workshop Sponsors: South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, U.S.

Army Research Laboratory, South Dakota NASA Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research

(EPSCoR), and the National Science Foundation.

Workshop Chair: Dr. G.P. “Bud” Peterson, president of the Georgia Institute of Technology (front row far right),

Co-chair: Dr. Haiping Hong, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology (front row center)



7


Video report



8



Workshop Scope and Topics:

The main topics are: Nanofluids, Carbon Naotube, and Graphene. Their applications

include use as Interface Materials, Coatings & Composites, etc. They could also be

categorized in detail as follows:

• Synthesis and functionalization of carbon nano materials: C60, carbon nanotubes,

graphene, etc

• Nanofluids containing carbon nano materials: synthesis, characterization, and thermal

properties

• Thermal conductivity of carbon nano materials

• Carbon nano materials as interface materials in cooling

• Magnetically sensitive particle coatings on carbon nano materials

• Carbon nano material alignment and self assembly

• Carbon nano materials as fillers for polymer composite applications

• Carbon nano materials for lubricant and grease applications

• Carbon nano materials for sensing, diagnostics, imaging, and electronic applications

• Carbon nano materials for energy (OLED, solar cell) and environmental applications

• Carbon nano materials for biological and medical applications

• Carbon nano materials for catalytic applications


9



More than 70 people from government agencies, national labs, universities

and industries, attended the carbon nano workshop


Dr. G.P. “Bud” Peterson

President, Georgia Institute of Technology, Chair

Dr. Sungho Jin

University of California-San Diego, Academy of Engineering member

Dr. Shashi Karna

Army Research laboratory, ARL elected Fellow

Dr. Sumanta Acharya

Manager, US NSF Thermal Transport Program

Dr. Edward Duke

Director, South Dakota NASA EPSCoR Program

Mrs. Pauline Smith

Technical Coordinate Office, US Army Research Laboratory

Dr. Ronald White

Vice President of Research, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology

Dr. Gang Chen

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Academy of Engineering member


Some invited speakers (shown counter-clockwise from left):

10


11



Full List of Invited Speakers:

• Sumanta Acharya (Louisiana State University, Manager, NSF Thermal Transport

Program), Perspectives from the National Science Foundation

• Ed Billups (Rice University), Functional carbon nanotubes, C60, and graphene

• Gang Chen (MIT, member of academy engineering), Thermal heat transfer

• Baratunde A. Cola (Georgia Institute of Technology), heat transfer, nanomaterial

• Samuel Graham (Georgia Institute of Technology), Carbon nanotubes, organic

electronic

• Sungho Jin (University of California, San Diego, member of academy engineering),

Magnetic properties, electromagnetic processes

• Shashi Karna (Army Research lab, ARL elected Fellow), Nanofunctional materials

• Calvin Hong Li (Villanova University), Thermal transport

• Jing Li (NASA Ames Research Center), Carbon nanotubes, electrical conductivity,

sensor applications

• Jan A Puszynski (SDSMT), Carbon nanotube coating, energetic material

• Jules Routbort (Argonne National Laboratory), Nanofluids

• Jerry Shan (Rutger University), Carbon Nanotube, alignment

• Xingwei Wang (Iowa State University), Heat Transfer, Thermal Conductivity

• Andy Waynick (NCH Inc.), Greases, lubricants, and fluid suspensions

• Wenhua Yu (Argonne National Laboratory), Nanofluids


12


South Dakota School of Mines and Technology


Radisson Hotel, Rapid City, SD

Program Schedule

Sunday, October 30, 2011

4:00 – 6:00 p.m. Registration Hospitality Center, Suite 303

6:00 – 8:00 p.m. Welcome Reception Ballroom

Monday, October 31, 2011

7:00 – 8:00 a.m. Breakfast Enigma Restaurant

8:00 – 8:15 a.m. Welcome, Dr. Robert A. Wharton, President, SDSMT Ballroom

8:15 – 8:30 a.m. Program Overview and Announcements, Ballroom

Dr. G.P. “Bud” Peterson, President, Georgia Institute of Technology

8:30 – 8:45 a.m. Mrs. Pauline Smith, Army Research Lab Ballroom

8:45 – 9:15 a.m. Dr. Sumanta Achaya, National Science Foundation Ballroom

Research Priorities in Thermal Transport at NSF

9:15 – 9:30 a.m. Dr. Edward Duke, South Dakota NASA EPSCoR

Program Manager, Ballroom

9:30 – 9:45 a.m. Break

9:45 – 10:30 a.m. Dr. Sungho Jin, University of California, San Diego Ballroom

Nanostructures and Applications Based on Carbon Nanotubes

10:30 – 11:15 a.m. Dr. Gang Chen, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Ballroom

Peculiar Transport in Graphite Suspensions

11:15 – 12:00 noon Dr. Shashi Karna, Army Research Laboratory Ballroom

Growth, Characterization, and Electron Transport Studies

of Carbon Nanostructures

12:00 – 1:00 p.m. Lunch Enigma Restaurant

Program Schedule (continued) Monday, October 31, 2011

Breakout Session 1 Ballroom A

Carbon Nanotube:

1:00 – 1:35 p.m. Dr. Jan A. Puszynski, SDSMT

Application of Carbon Nanotubes in Energetic Systems

1:35 – 2:15 p.m. Dr. Ed Billups, Rice University

Carbon Nanomaterials

2:15 – 2:45 p.m. Dr. Jing Li, NASA Ames Research Laboratory

Carbon Nanotube based Nanotechnology for NASA Mission Needs and Societal Applications

2:45 – 3:00 p.m. Break

3:00 – 3:30 p.m. Dr. Baratunde A. Cola, Georgia Institute of Technology

Carbon Nanotube Forests as Thermal Interface Materials: Challenges and Opportunities

3:30 – 4:00 p.m. Dr. Jerry Shan, Rutger University

Suspensions of Highly Anisotropic Particles with Field-Induced Microstructure: Fundamentals

and Potential Applications

Breakout Session 2 Ballroom B

Nanofluids:

1:00 – 1:40 p.m. Dr. Jules Routbort, Argonne National Laboratory

Thermal Properties of Ceramic-based Nanofluids

1:40 – 2:15 p.m. Dr. Wenhua Yu, Argonne National Laboratory

Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluids in Turbulent Flow

2:15 – 2:45 p.m. Dr. Calvin Hong Li, Villanova University

Advances in Biofuel, Medicine, and Energy Efficiency with NanoEngineered Materials

2:45 – 3:00 p.m. Break

3:00 – 3:20 p.m. Dr. William Cross, SDSMT

Nanoparticle Inks for Energy Harvesting Applications

3:20 – 3:40 p.m. Dr. Debjyoti Banerjee, Texas A&M University

Nanomaterials for Thermal Energy Storage

3:40 – 4:00 p.m. Dr. Donghyun Shin, University of Texas at Arlington

Molten Salt Nanomaterials for Thermal Energy Storage

4:00 – 5:15 p.m. Group Discussions: Carbon Nanotube, Nanofluids, Graphene

6:00 p.m. Dinner Ballroom


13


Program Schedule (continued)

Tuesday, November 1, 2011

7:00 – 8:00 a.m. Breakfast Enigma Restaurant

Breakout Session 3 Ballroom A

Carbon Nanotube:

8:00 – 8:20 a.m. Dr. Andy Waynick, NCH, Inc.

Carbon Nanotube Based Grease

8:20 – 8:40 a.m. Dr. Chen Li, University of South Carolina

Super-nucleating Interfaces Made from Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes

8:40 – 9:00 a.m. Dr. Jorge Alvarado,

Adsorption of Methanol in an Activated Carbon and Carbon Nanotube Matrix

9:00 – 9:20 a.m. Dr. Alevtina Smirnova, SDSMT

Carbon Aerogel Materials as Fuel Cell Catalytic Substrates

9:20 – 9:40 a.m. Dr. Haiping Hong, SDSMT

Carbon Nanotube Applications: Grease, Reinforced Membrane and Fluids

9:40 – 10:00 p.m. Break

Breakout Session 4 Ballroom B

Graphene:

8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Dr. Xinwei Wang, Iowa State University

Graphene-SiC Interface: Extremely Localized Thermal Probing and Thermal Resistance

8:30 – 9:00 a.m. Dr. Samuel Graham, Jr., Georgia Institute of Technology

Direct Synthesis of Large Area Graphene Films from Solid Source Precursors

9:00 – 9:20 a.m. Dr. Huixin He, Rutger University

Rapid Production of Highly Conductive and Amphiphilic Graphene Sheets

9:20 – 9:40 a.m. Dr. Xingzhong Yan, SDSU

Graphene for Reversible Hydrazine Fiber Optic Sensors

9:40 – 10:00 p.m. Break

10:00 – 11:30 a.m. Group Discussions: Carbon Nanotube, Nanofluids, Graphene

11:30 – 11:40 a.m. Wrap-Up from Breakout Sessions Ballroom

“Where Do We Go From Here?”

12:00 Lunch Enigma Restaurant


14



Follow up (Impact):

1. To meet the new challenges and opportunities of carbon nano material technology

with focus on nanofluids, carbon nanotube, and graphene, we are working on

forming the Carbon Nano Material Alliance, lead by Dr. G.P. “Bud” Peterson.

2. Important research projects and directions are being summarized, and priority areas

where future research should be focused will be identified, too.

3.A workshop report that summarizes the discussions and recommendations of the group

will be submitted for publication in a widely read international journal. It will target an

interdisciplinary audience and help the broader scientific community to better understand

important issues related to carbon nanomaterials and applications and their potential

benefits to society.

4. We will look for seed grants from various agencies to initiate the collaboration.


15



Carbon Nano Material: Challenging and Opportunity

Nanofluids:

Requirement:

For heat transfer application that require large heat removal: large thermal conductivity enhancement with

small viscosity increase. The amount of TC enhancement depends on specific application.

What we feel is that we wouldn’t make any breakthroughs in this interesting and challenging field without

understanding the fundamental scientific nature of nanofluids. In this point, surface chemistry and material

play a critical role.

Challenging:

1. Stability, since inorganic nanoparticles such as metal oxides (Fe2O3, Al2O3) and carbon nanotubes are

hydrophobic.

2. Heat transfer enhancement is too low for practical applications.

3. No theory fits all experimental observations.

4. Funding sources are limited and often are application specific.

Opportunity:

1. Particle stability could be improved by functionalization, chemical treatment and surfactant.


16



---Continuous:

2. Understanding more of surface chemistry of nanoparticles such as particles size, shape, pH, viscosity,

zeta potential, etc

3. Understanding further of particle alignment, aggregation, solvent effect, etc

4. Understanding the effect on interface for nanofluids by experimental including Raman spectroscopy and

theoretical methods, including molecular dynamics

5. Opportunity for enhancement of mass specific heat capacity (Cp)

6. Thermal storage possibilities, concentration solar powder (CSP)

7. May find opportunities in some thermal applications under static conditions.

8. Particle-liquid interface effects on Cp: induces phase change.

9. Synthesis new nanoparticles with special multifunctional group.

10. Aligned carbon nanotube by external magnetic field in the fluids could be applied in polymer composite

with enhanced physical properties.

11. Using some existant theory, model and method to predict (simulate) the TC value with alignment under

magnetic field.

12. What properties of carbon nanotubes would make them useable in a flowing system, physical parameters

such as L/D ration, functionalization or coatings?


17



Carbon nanotube:

Thermal science and application of carbon nanotube.

Challenging:

1. There is need for tunable grease with different viscosities. The question is how to modify the viscosity.

2. It is possible to align nanotube into substrate. The challenging is how to use it in the nanofluids and

polymer composite.

3. High conductive thermal interface material, due to the interface (contact) between nanotube and metal

such as Ag, Cu, In, etc.

Opportunity:

1. If the price for carbon nanotube (single wall) decreases to less than 1$/g, it will make some nanotube

products such as nanogrease commercially competitive.

2. During the meeting, we learned that it is possible to get a 99% metallic nanotube (www.nanointegris.com)

that is very encouraging for thermal interfacial material.

3. Also, it is possible to get 99% semiconducting nanotube. The discovery may (could) revolutionize the way

solar power is harvested.

4. It is well known that prime nanotube could be aligned by AC electrical field. It could be interesting to

explore the functional nanotube could be aligned by AC electrical field or a magnetic field.


18



Graphene:

Opportunity:

1. Dynamic thermal transport behavior of graphene in fluid. First, graphene is flat, very thin and has very high

interface area with the base liquid (at least twice that for CNT). Second, graphene is soft, compared to CNTs.

So graphene could fold/unfold when it is immersed in liquid, it will feature fast oscillating behavior. Such

oscillation will induce relative movement between liquid molecules and the graphene surface, leading to

potentially enhanced conduction/reduced interface thermal resistance. The viscosity might be quite high.

Further research could be in studying the thermal transport behavior and interface thermal conduction for

liquid dispersed with graphene.

2. Graphene-based ultrafast and ultrasensitive acoustic sensors. Graphene is very thin and has very little

mass. This means it could be used as an ultra-performance membrane covering a pre-prepared hole to form a

novel microphone. Such microphone will have the capability to pick up very weak ultrasonic signals. At present,

ultrasonic sensors require quite high signal to measure and has low sensitivity. So the graphene-based

ultrasonic or subsonic sensors can be used as the third ear of soldiers to hear these subsonic and ultrasonic

signals induced by machines and explosions in very far distance. This will provide critical information and help

soldiers to significantly reduce casualty in wars.

3. A significantly simplified technique to grow large scale graphene with good quality control is possible. Also,

it is possible to get soluble large scale graphene in solution. These techniques can be used to fabricate various

sensors for optical and chemical sensing with complicated feature structures.


19



---Continuous:

4. Graphene oxide is soluble in water and organic solvent. According to layer structure and oscillating behavior,

the fluids based on this material should have high thermal properties. Besides this, graphene oxide could be

dissolved in the polymer solution. It is also possible to reduce the grapheme oxide to prime graphene.

Therefore, such polymer graphene composite is very attractive having high thermal, electrical, and mechanical

properties. Focus will be on thermal.

5. Graphene has good electronic mobility and conductivity. Together with carbon nanotube, they may replace

Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) as the electrode.


20



It is not the end. It is just the beginning.


21

Questions or comments??



report on “carbon nano materials and applications workshop”

Documents