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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 473 508 PS 031 026 TITLE Framework for Action on Values Education in Early Childhood. INSTITUTION United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). Early Childhood and Family Education Unit. REPORT NO ED-2002/WS/32 PUB DATE 2002-00-00 NOTE 104p.; This report is also available in Arabic. This report was developed at the "Integrating Values in Early Childhood Programmes/Services" International Workshop, co-organized by UNESCO and Living Values: an Educational Program (Paris, France, November 20-22, 2000). PUB TYPE Reports Descriptive (141) Multilingual/Bilingual Materials (171) LANGUAGE English, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF01/PC05 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Change Strategies; Child Care; Childhood Needs; *Early Childhood Education; *Educational Development; Educational Environment; Educational Quality; Models; Multilingual Materials; *Preschool Curriculum; *Values Education; Young Children IDENTIFIERS *Action Plans; Indicators ABSTRACT In November, 2000, several international early childhood organizations and UNESCO met to develop a joint framework for action to reinforce awareness of the need for a flexible, creative, communicative, and supportive learning environment; the impact of a value-based child-friendly learning environment; the importance of surrounding children with human core- values from an early age; and the ways of implementing values-based early childhood education approaches. This report, in English, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, and Arabic versions, presents the resulting plan for action. Section 1 of the report discusses the reasons for developing a framework for action on values education in early childhood, focusing on the basic needs of young children and the importance of investing in early childhood programs. Section 2 presents program guidelines comprising the foundation for the action plan, including goals and objectives, guiding principles, and key elements of the framework. Section 3 details five levels of action to facilitate the implementation of the framework for action: personal, family, school, community, and state. Section 4 focuses on seven program areas for the plan's implementation: (1) undertaking advocacy/dialogue/awareness raising activities; (2) developing and offering training; (3) enhancing prevention and protection; (4) creating supports and advocacy through media and communications; (5) mobilizing and involving business/private sector; (6) building on networks, partnerships, and affinity groups; and (7) assessing effectiveness and monitoring progress. Section 5 identifies the next steps toward implementing child-friendly learning environments. Appended is a list of sample quality-based values learning indicators. (KB) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.

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Page 1: Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be madeIrreducible needs of young children. In their new book "The Irreducible Needs of Children", Doctors T. Berry Brazelton and

DOCUMENT RESUME

ED 473 508 PS 031 026

TITLE Framework for Action on Values Education in Early Childhood.

INSTITUTION United Nations Educational, Scientific, and CulturalOrganization, Paris (France). Early Childhood and FamilyEducation Unit.

REPORT NO ED-2002/WS/32

PUB DATE 2002-00-00NOTE 104p.; This report is also available in Arabic. This report

was developed at the "Integrating Values in Early ChildhoodProgrammes/Services" International Workshop, co-organized byUNESCO and Living Values: an Educational Program (Paris,France, November 20-22, 2000).

PUB TYPE Reports Descriptive (141) Multilingual/BilingualMaterials (171)

LANGUAGE English, French, Spanish, Russian, ChineseEDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF01/PC05 Plus Postage.DESCRIPTORS Change Strategies; Child Care; Childhood Needs; *Early

Childhood Education; *Educational Development; EducationalEnvironment; Educational Quality; Models; MultilingualMaterials; *Preschool Curriculum; *Values Education; YoungChildren

IDENTIFIERS *Action Plans; Indicators

ABSTRACT

In November, 2000, several international early childhoodorganizations and UNESCO met to develop a joint framework for action toreinforce awareness of the need for a flexible, creative, communicative, andsupportive learning environment; the impact of a value-based child-friendlylearning environment; the importance of surrounding children with human core-values from an early age; and the ways of implementing values-based earlychildhood education approaches. This report, in English, French, Spanish,Russian, Chinese, and Arabic versions, presents the resulting plan foraction. Section 1 of the report discusses the reasons for developing aframework for action on values education in early childhood, focusing on thebasic needs of young children and the importance of investing in earlychildhood programs. Section 2 presents program guidelines comprising thefoundation for the action plan, including goals and objectives, guidingprinciples, and key elements of the framework. Section 3 details five levelsof action to facilitate the implementation of the framework for action:personal, family, school, community, and state. Section 4 focuses on sevenprogram areas for the plan's implementation: (1) undertakingadvocacy/dialogue/awareness raising activities; (2) developing and offeringtraining; (3) enhancing prevention and protection; (4) creating supports andadvocacy through media and communications; (5) mobilizing and involvingbusiness/private sector; (6) building on networks, partnerships, and affinitygroups; and (7) assessing effectiveness and monitoring progress. Section 5identifies the next steps toward implementing child-friendly learningenvironments. Appended is a list of sample quality-based values learningindicators. (KB)

Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be madefrom the original document.

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Framework for Action on ValuesEducation in Early Childhood

developed atthe Integrating Values in Early Childhood Programmes/Services

International Workshop, co-organized byUNESCO and Living Values: an Educational Program.

(Paris, November 20-22 2000)

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(ED-2002/WS/32)Printed in UNESCO's workshop.

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Framework for Action on Values Education in Early Childhood

BackgroundThe groups represented at the meeting included: UNESCO, IQRA' InternationalInstitute, OMEP International, OMEP France, Consultative Group on Early ChildhoodCare and Development Secretariat, UNICEF Regional Office for CEE/CIS and the Baltic,Living Values International Secretariat, Peter-Hesse Foundation, Swedish Ministry ofEducation & Science, Asociacion Mundial de Educadores Infantiles, IUFM Grenoble,Crèche Petit a Petit, Israel Ministry of Health, Montessori Centre International, Women'sWorld Summit Foundation, Arab Women's Solidarity, Syndicat des Enseignants, LivingValues in Israel Association, Association of Living Values Educators of Kenya, MauritiusInstitute of Education, Beirut American Community School, Kuwait American School,Association Mondiale des Amis de l'Enfance (AMADE)

and agreed to work on a joint framework for action to reinforce awareness of :the need for a "flexible, creative, communicative and supportive" learningenvironment for a young child,the impact of a value-based child-friendly learning environment where each childcan express its creative and communicative skills,the importance of surrounding the child with human core-values from an early age,the ways of implementing values-based early childhood approaches for a bettersocial, emotional, academic and spiritual development of the young child.

I - A Framework for Action on Values Education in Early Childhood

Why a Framework for Action?

During the 1999 UNESCO General Conference, several Member States representativesexpressed their concern about young children who did not receive the proper quality ofeducation, or were not exposed to any education at all, or were part of communitieswhere crucial values were being eroded, and their desire to find ways in which thosevalues can be strengthened. UNESCO receives more and more requests from MemberStates related to the issue of values education for young children (within a formal andnon formal educational framework, but also street children, etc.). Building on this,UNESCO's Early Childhood and Family Education Unit launched, jointly with LivingValues: An Educational Program, an international initiative on "Early Childhood andValues Education" in early 2000. This started an "international" discussion (in English,French and Spanish - by email and other traditional means) on the theme of EarlyChildhood and Values Education involving, among other, the distribution of aquestionnaire to Living Values coordinators and educators, UNESCO NationalCommissions and field offices and other early childhood partners throughout the world,to identify experiences in this area, solicit recommendations on forms of concrete andpractical results of such a discussion and consultation, and suggest ideas that could helpprepare documents (+ web site) for Member States, educators, parents, etc... on thisissue.

Meeting basic needs:

Summarized from the results of the discussions during the meeting and recentstatements on young children's needs, the following findings provide a quick overview ofneeds that would need to account in be taken into an early childhood value-basedframework for action.

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Reaching young childrenThe Education for All 2000 Assessment shows that of the more than 800 millionchildren under 6 years of age in the world, fewer than a third benefit from any form ofearly childhood programmes. The challenge is thus enormous, made more difficult bythe demographic pressures and increased urbanization, increased poverty and socialexclusion, greater numbers of out-of-school children, the alarming progress of AIDS,growing violence among youth and the impact of globalization that most countriesexperience. Yet, efficient and low-cost options for early childhood exist, and areadapted to the needs of children, to the living conditions of families, to the differentcultures, values and resources of countries. Their implementation depends more oncreating adequate political and social will, and a cohesion among the various actors ineducation, than on any other factor.

Irreducible needs of young childrenIn their new book "The Irreducible Needs of Children", Doctors T. Berry Brazelton andStanley Greenspan argue that all young children have seven irreducible needs.1. Ongoing nurturing relationships: Every baby needs a warm, intimate relationship

with a primary caregiver over a period of years, not months or weeks. This is farmore important to emotional and intellectual development that early cognitivetraining or educational games. If this relationship is absent or interrupted, a childcan develop disorders of reasoning, motivation and attachment. Infants, toddlersand preschoolers need these nurturing interactions most of their waking hours.

2. Physical protection, safety and regulation: Both in the womb and in infancy,children need an environment that provides protection from physical andpsychological harm, chemical toxins and exposure to violence.

3. Experiences tailored to individual differences: Every child has a uniquetemperament. Tailoring early experience to nurture a child's individual natureprevents learning and behavioral problems and enables a child to develop his orher full potential.

4. Developmentally appropriate experiences: Children of different ages need caretailored to their stage of development. Unrealistic expectations can hinder a child'sdevelopment.

5. Limit-setting, structure and expectations: Children need structure and discipline.They need discipline that leads to internal limit-setting, channelling of aggressionand peaceful problem-solving. To reach this goal, they need adults who empathizeas well as set limits. They need expectations rather than labels, and adults whobelieve in their potential but understand their weaknesses. They need incentivesystems, not failure models.

6. Stable, supportive communities and culture: To feel whole and integrated, childrenneed to grow up in a stable community. This means a continuity of values infamily, peer groups, religion and cu lture, as well as an exposure to diversity.

7. Protecting the future: Meeting all these needs should be our highest priority. If wefail, we will jeopardize our children's future.

Early childhood and values educationResearch confirms the importance of the early years to positively influence children ina long-lasting way. The value orientations of children are largely determined by thetime they reach the age of formal schooling. The first steps towards a lifetime ofpeaceful, non-violent activities, of respect for one-self and others, and of appreciationof diversity may be taken during early childhood, as children begin to mature and putinto place their cognitive and affective frameworks.Discussions about potential values education for young children have centeredaround several themes, for example:

respect for self and others, fostering co-operation and conflict resolution skills;

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appreciation of diversity, global awareness and multicultural education;practical implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, as a set ofvalues universally accepted as essential for children to be able to fulfill theirpotential;the role of pervasive cultural violence, including television, movies, dramaportrayals that are stimulated by toys;love and respect for nature;stimulation of the child's imagination through creativity;establishing multi-cultural programmes that help young children integrate spiritual /religious with secular learning, or bridge the gaps of experience often faced bymultiple language or multiple cultural groups.

e Making the right choiceDeclaring that « investment in the development and care of our youngest children isthe most fundamental form of good leadership, » Carol Bellamy, UNICEF's ExecutiveDirector, argued that the world is squandering human potential on a massive scale ashundreds of millions of the world's youngest citizens flounder in poverty and neglect intheir first years of life.Early childhood care is a solid investment. For every $1 spent on early childhoodcare there is a $7 return through cost savings. This figure is derived from studiesshowing that participants in pre-school and day care are less likely to suffer illnesses,repeat grades, drop out of school, or require remedial services later in life. Moreover,by shifting money within budgets, nations can create comprehensive programmes fortheir youngest citizens without adding large sums of money or further depleting theirbudgets.

Three major challenges loom: poverty, conflict and HIV/AIDS. These three plaguesremain the most pressing challenges for the world and compete with early childhoodcare for funding. In the poorest nations, scarce resources are used to pay loans. Byinvesting in destructive war machines, many countries steal food, clean water, healthcare and schooling from their citizens. And in some countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, the HIV/AIDS pandemic has stripped health and education budgets tothe bone.

The state of the world's youngest children, citizens with the same rights as allothers, is not nearly as good as it should be, » Bellamy concluded. « It will only getbetter when we alter current priorities and accept the sound economic, social andpolitical sense it makes to prioritize the world's youngest. » (UNICEF Press Release,12 December 2000)

II - Programme Guidelines for a Framework for Action on ValuesEducation in Early Childhood

The programme guidelines that follow constitute the foundation for the Framework'sAction Plan, and are designed to be used by organizations in planning their own values-based early childhood programmes and/or actions.

Goals and objectives

The overall goal of this initiative is to develop a harmonized and common framework tointegrate values in early childhood programmes and services by involving different targetgroups (including policy makers, community leaders, trainers, caregivers, families,parents, children ...).

The main objectives are to:suggest guidelines for concrete actions by Member States, educators, families andparents to address the issue of values in early childhood.

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create a value based environment that contributes to the overall physical, socio-emotional and spiritual develop ment of young children.create opportunities for institutions and individuals to discuss, learn and come to abetter understanding of the ways of introducing, integrating and implementingvalues in early childhood programmes.

Guiding principles for actionWe reaffirm the dignity and worth of every individual,

believe that Early Childhood Care and Education, in its widest sense, is part of BasicEducation and is essential for a II children to maximize their learning potential,agree that a values-based approach to learning and growing-up is fundamental tothe nurturing and development of all children,seek cooperative and practical commitment from all stakeholders to develop thefollowing principles for action:

1. Every child should have the right to early childhood care and education. Earlychildhood education programmes should be made available to all children.

2. All early childhood programmes should be based on the values of trust and respect,non-discrimination and the right of the child to grow in an environment of peace.

3. The sustainability of quality early childhood programmes should be insured through:creating ownership by educators, parents/care providers and the community.providing quality training of key local people including educators.building educator-parent/care provider information systems to create anawareness of children's needs and rights, build preventative skills anddisseminate this information widely through radio or television - as appropriatefor each country.creating access to quality model programmes that can be easily disseminated.

4. Educators should be trained to create a values-based child-friendly learningenvironment. Indicators of such an environment include:

Adults model values demonstrating peaceful, respectful and kind methods ofcommunication with children and adults.Interactions with children promote the feelings of being loved, valued,respected, understood and safe.Children are listened to and positive efforts and qualities are acknowledge d.Educators model tolerance and valuing each and everyone by appreciatingdifferences, diversity and different cultures.Rules and limits are clear there is discipline without anger.Mistakes are treated as an opportunity to learn.

5. Children should be educated about values by allowing time and activities to explorevalues. A values curriculum would include:

learning a universal values perspective (dignity and respect for each one).learning about different values through definitions, discussions, demonstrationsand stories.understanding different values by engaging in creative play and expressiveactivities.enjoying values through fun activities, songs, dances and movement.feeling the values and nurture the self with the values of peace, love andrespect through "quietly being" exercises.learning values-based psycho-social skills and practicing these with peers andadults.

6. The family unit should be acknowledged and supported as the heart of the child'slife/learning for all of his/her life, throug h

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providing quality education about parenting to parents and care givers in avalues-based learning environment, beginning when possible with the firstpregnancyengaging parents in exploring their values and how to positively model andnurture values with their children; this could be done in parent groups or throughdifferent forms of media

Key elementsKey elements of a early childhood values-based framework for action should include anappropriate emphasis on :

integrated policy development where a cooperative climate encourages andsupports all stakeholders to come together.safeguarded values education from possible political, religious or social abuse.Values education works best when childre n and human rights are protected.

ensuring that values education is authentic, experiential and child-centeredaiming at incorporating the physical, mental, social and spiritual well being of thechild.

educating and encouraging children to participate in democratic principles,responsible citizenship and involvement in community service - as key principlesin values acquisition and intern alization.

promoting dynamic relationships between children and adults through sharing,learning and growing together.

taking every opportunity for educators to install a dialogue with parents throughthe child, taking time to observe and to listen, to find solutions and to remainopen to suggestions.

Ill - Levels of Action and Strategy for a Framework for Action onValues Education in Early Childhood

The following five levels of action were suggested to facilitate the implementation of theFramework for Action:

Personal level: Adults need to learn to express feelings. Children need to learnto listen, model, acknowledge diversity, to have time, to enjoy, to play, feel.

Family level: Parents need to be supported, helped, educated.

School level: Educators need to be trained to take into account emotional andaffective attitudes.

Community level: Communities need to have/create places/spaces wherechildren can be welcomed and nurtured, including street children, AIDSchildren/orphans.

State level: States have the responsibility to implement the Convention on theRights of the Child and to provide education.

The following process was proposed:

Undertake immediate individual actions at the local level.

Start working at the community level by inviting individuals to participate, and thenmove up through the different levels of action, building networks and alliances tofacilitate the work, articulating, teaching, clarifying.

Get information to support the dissemination of value based actions atdistrict/regional level or joining national efforts (through national teachersassociations, health nurses, etc)

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Take into account world summits like the Special Session on Children inSeptember 2001. Cooperate with governments in contributing to reflection foraction in a value based framework for Early Childhood Care and Education.

World >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>» (cooperation betweencountries, subregions, etc ...)

National >>>>>>>>>>>>»» (cooperation betweengovernment and otherpartnership agencies)

Regional >>>>>>>>>»» (cooperation between anumber of local governments /authorities)

Local government >>» (cities, municipalities, villages,etc ... )

Community >>>»» (community centers, leaders,volunteers, businesses, etc ...)

Individuals >>>» (adults, children, caregivers,educators, anyone interestedin participating)

It is important to define a frame of action at every level, in order to create a partnership /network to start working on a joint programme. If we see, at each level, the opportunityto reach young children, through educators (caregivers, kindergarten teachers, nurses,parents, etc ...), and see them as potential role models, we need to give these educatorstools and training in values education. This enhanced awareness will help change theirapproach to themselves and to young children: we need to let children learn to be andlearn to live together, but to provide this, we have to live that concept ourselves.After defining a set of goals and aims, it is necessary to design a clear strategy, since aprogramme for young children must be multidimensional. It must try to combine differentspheres of activities in a common effort to develop integrated services, to move towardsan holistic approach, based on the needs of the young children, their parents and theireducators, and to arrive at a more comprehensive and multi-faceted programme.Encouraging multi-sectoral collaboration and connecting on-going programmes togethercan facilitate introducing a values based approach as a natural new way of better livingfor all who are involved with you ng children.Depending on local conditions, different opportunities will help open possibilities ofintroducing values based approaches for young children with the whole community. Forinstance, many countries have family health centers run by the Ministry of Health and/orother institutions. Usually, parent groups exist in those centers, and can be easilyredesigned to be part of a set of workshops and training sessions for values basedparent/family education. Another example are early childhood education programmes(kindergartens, preschools, etc ...) that can start including an introduction to values indaily activities with teachers, assistants, parents and children.An important asset for moving forward would be the establishment of a Committee forEarly Childhood in every community, made of representatives of the early childhoodeducators, of the parents of young children, of the local community (municipality,neighborhood, etc ..), of the Ministry of Education in the area, of nurses, ofparaprofessionals, of NGOs, of the private sector, etc... This Committee, being fromdifferent sectors and disciplines, can help plan and implement common work which canlead after a period of time to a more harmonious platform in favour of young children.

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IV - Action Plan for a Framework for Action on Values Education inEarly Childhood

The Framework focuses on seven programme areas for its implementation, eachcovering a number of actions. Building the Framework requires and depends on jointdevelopment, promotion and monitoring. Several implementation mechanisms weresuggested for achieving progress in each programme areas. These will be refined andmodified as individual organizations map their own mechanisms and strengths.

Seven programme areasBuilding the Framework requires developing and enhancing the following sevenprogramme areas, which represent different ways we create, build, support and expandthe introduction, integration and implementation of value based approaches in earlychildhood.

1. Undertake advocacy/dialogue/awareness raising activities, including

Appealing to policy makers through gentle persuasion. They know what is notworking. We need to provide clear options.Organizing meetings among representatives of different approaches to education.Raising consumer awareness on ethics behind products, such as issues of childlabor, child exploitation.Making use of the networks of UNESCO, UNICEF and Education International forthe diffusion and dissemination of information on these topics, in particular in theframework of the International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violencefor the Children of the World (2001-2010).Increasing educator-parent/care provider information systems by developinguser-friendly information briefs on such things as stages of childhooddevelopment, values awareness and parenting skills; and writing them in such away that they could easily be used in or by the media, or in school/nurserynewsletters.Developing more awareness of children's need for love and protection andchildren's rights by creating and disseminating such materials.Celebrating national/international events with values activities.Using Internet and multimedia tools to:> create reciprocal web links between organizations represented at this

workshop to increase information about resources and good practices.> create a website with activities from different programmes, resources and

links, and serve as a depository for values stories from and for differentcultures.

> expand the Living Values Education Program web site's "ChildrenParticipate" section, so that children can share what they are doing in theirexploration about values from any programmes.

2. Develop and offer training, including

Providing quality training of key local people including educators, parents andbusiness people to insure sustainability of quality early childhood programmes.This could include the following elemen ts:

Create a personalized sense of the importance of a values-based child-centered approach and a sense of ownership by leading key stakeholders ina values awareness session in which they generate elements of a values-based atmosphere and offer their perception of children's needs.Continue to involve local leaders in sessions in which they generate ideas forand cooperate in creating healthy community resources for children andfamilies.

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> Build awareness in the community about the importance of children's needsand rights and the wisdom and efficacy of a nurturing and preventativeapproach through the media.

Training local educators to understand and use model quality child-centered,values-based education programmes. This would include the following elements:

Include some local educators who are professionals and have the ability totrain other local teachers, train parent group leaders, and interact with thelocal community.Train in such a way that the educators experience the kind of atmospherethey are to provide to the children, i.e. focus not just on content but on theprocess.Encourage them to add elements from their own heritage and the cultures inthe area.Develop model sites where other people working with children from 0 to 8can observe.

3. Enhance prevention and protection, including

Creating a safe environment for children. This is based on the statistics thatinjury is the first cause of morbidity and mortality in children aged 0 to 17 - inparticular for young children between the ages of 0 and 4. The amazing fact isthat 95% of these injuries can be prevented, by education and safe environments.Providing all formal institutions for children (such as daycare centers, familyhealth care centers, clinics, kindergartens, schools, etc ) with safety devices.Supporting/developing, on a national level, programmes for promoting safety inthe environment of children (homes, backyards, streets, etc ). It should includeeducational programmes for parents (and of course educators, health workers,etc), advertizing in the media, and reducing the prices of safety devices used inhomes, backyards and cars, bicycles.

4. Create supports and advocacy through media and communications, including

Creating an awareness among media people that consciously or unconsciouslythey convey "not so friendly" values to young children - it seems that there isreporting about young children in case of abuse or violent death but rarely onmore "normal" daily life.Encouraging value based media messages for children. "Packaging" theprinciples of action or concrete recommendations for value based early childhoodprogrammes so that they can be readily use by media professionals.Making sure the Children's Television Charter is widely known and implemented.The Charter stresses the right of children to receive quality programmes, and theright to see and express themselves, their culture, their language and lifeexperiences through media.Exploring the needs of young audiences and promoting a variety of initiatives,vital to securing the right of all children to quality media.Exploring the effects of globalization on children's audiovisual media, andrequiring regulation that prevents violent programmes during children's viewingtime.Encouraging the creation of national TV channels and/or programmes onparenting and child rearing, providing experiences from educators, parents, etc.

5. Mobilize and involve business/private sector, including

Identifying possibilities of using the Global Compact (with the businesscommunity launched by the UN Secretary-General) for the establishment ofpartnerships with the private sector in the area of early childhood and valueseducation.

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Encouraging businesses to supply early childhood programmes for employees byemploying early childhood educators. A Montessori educator, for example, couldteach children in the morning and provide advice to adults and train local parentson early childhood related topics in the afternoon.Encouraging the private sector to be involved in initiatives to fight social exclusionand poverty.Creating an awareness among businesses of the incentives to invest in earlychildhood development efforts. In particular, early childhood initiatives:

enable companies to compete for, and retain, the best workers. Employeeswho have access to family support policies are more likely to remain on thejob and show more initiative than workers with no access to these policies.increase productivity and reduce employee turnover and absenteeism.invest in the building of a highly-educated, productive workforce in the future.By making sure that children receive good quality care in the earliest years,businesses can help build a productive workforce for the future.

6. Identify, utilize and build upon networks, partnerships and affinity groups,including

Establishing partnerships for children, encouraging participation of everyindividual in the society at different levels: parents, families, teachers, nurses,politicians, educators to joint efforts for the best development of the child.Sharing of perspectives and mutual learning to build upon the concept ofpartnership and complementarity.Working in cooperation with affinity groups to achieve outreach, impact,consensus, and common cause with related issues: children's rights, women,environment, etc.Developing issue-specific and action-oriented partnerships so as to piggybackissues on related movements and to tie early childhood concerns to current publicproblems.

7. Assess effectiveness and monitor progress, including

Calling for the concerned and committed attention of professionals working incollaboration with programme providers and participants to conduct properprogramme evaluation.Evaluating regularly the programme using criteria that consider the overallcontributions and relevance of the programme to every child and the society; thisincludes comprehensive and continuous evaluation in terms of the programme'sattainment of local, regional, national and international standards for excellence inthe care and education of young children.Adopting a cycle of Reflective Self Monitoring and Assessment practices, e.g.plan, do, review, befitting the ethos and commitment of the school.Using quality based values learning indicators (see those of the Kuwait AmericanSchool as a possible mod el in Annex 1).Selecting a small number of indicators at a time (3 for instance) - one forplanning, one for doing, one for reviewing - time managed and designed to fitone's own needs.Establishing processes for determining community expectations and guidelinesfor quality programmes and services, for community-based dialogue and debateabout how the needs of children are addressed.

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V - Next steps: towards implementation of child friendly learningenvironments

There is nothing stopping us from making a difference to all children's learning.Together we can help children to know, to do, to be, to belong and to give love.Together we can help children to be themselves, know themselves, make senseof their own world, make sense of the world around them, serve others and bestewards of their own environment. (Peter Williams, Kuwait American School)

The Framework will be widely disseminated for comments, additions and support. TheFramework will be placed under the umbrella of the International Decade for a Culture ofPeace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World, which offers a good frame ofreference for any work related to children and values.

Several possible « commitments » were suggested: (with the understanding thateach organization must in fact define its own pa rticipation in this joint initiative):

participate in an email/fax/postal discussion on Early Childhood and ValuesEducation;take part in the mapping/ resource / information sharing exercise to compile aBook of Guidelines, including providing information to put on Internet;find ways in which your organization can contribute to the regional processand to share information on this initiative with the largest possible audience;look at ways your organization can/does contribute financially to the processof fostering better values based early childhood initiatives;getting others to contribute and participate in this initiative.

Identify ways to contribute to the Framework and invite others to participate:It is up to each organization to determine its own goals, resources, and interest in thisjoint process. As organizations identify ways they can contribute, these will be piecedtogether by UNESCO and LVEP, who can look for ways to coordinate/facilitatesharing and collaboration at regional and international levels. Regional meetings willbe convened to initiate information and knowledge exchange on the issue of valuesand young children.Several suggestions and possible offers were made to further the discussions heldduring the International Workshop and involve other organizations and varioussubregions, these will have to be explored in the coming months. These meetings willhelp reach out to other organizations who have not been part of this mechanism,inviting them to participate and contribute, and informing them of evolution within thisshared Framework. UNESCO will launch and promote the Framework as amobilization tool for values-based early childhood in its Me mber States.

Compile a Book of Guidelines :In order to illustrate how values can be integrated into early childhoodprogrammes/services, a two-part sourcebook will be designed and compiled showingdiverse experiences and what makes them work in different communities, regions,countries. This will be done through contacting colleagues and partners around theglobe working in a variety of contexts and cultures to share user friendly evidence onusing values in early childhood.A part of the sourcebook would show, step by step, clearly and in simple terms, arange of ways towards starting and implementing values education for young childrenin different contexts and with a variety of partners. Thus someone eager to embarkon such a programme without knowing how to go about it, would become acquaintedwith the basic notions required to take action. The other part of the sourcebook wouldillustrate these step by step approaches by telling success stories of experiencescarried out in a number of communities and countries.

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e Develop training materials/modules for young children at risk :In response to the growing number of young children at risk, of younger childrenaffected by the spread of AIDS but also the increasing number of younger streetchildren, Living Values, in cooperation with UNESCO and other partners, will designduring 2001 some draft materials/modules to use with young street children and thosewho work with them, and also for working with young children affected by AIDS.

Immediate actions

Statement to the G8 Heads of States

Representatives of Early Childhood Development Institutions andOrganizations from 22 countries meeting in Paris from November 20 to 22,2000 for the International Workshop "Integrating Values in Early ChildhoodProgrammes/Services" invited by UNESCO and the Living ValuesEducational Program solemnly request the G8 Heads of States who met inOkinawa (Japan) earlier in 2000 and rightfully promoted global InformationTechnology (IT) to put equal emphasis on the global precondition for ALLhuman development - EARLY and BASIC Quality Learning to embracehuman living values, positive attitudes and basic life skills at an age wherechildren learn most and best.Scientific evidence clearly indicates that key values, basic attitudes andproblem-solving skills develop before school age.This chance for human development must not be lost.Early childhood development and basic quality learning on a global scalewould significantly help to reduce the "digital divide".

adopted on 22 November 2000 (Paris, France)

Recommendations to UNESCO

Participants in the Workshop concurred in addressing the followingrecommendations to UNESCO:

Early childhood education forms an essential part of basic education.Consequently, it should be given high priority in UNESCO's nextprogrammes and budgets, and in its next Medium Term Plan.A meaningful proportion of the extrabudgetary funds contributed byUNESCO's partners throughout the world should be used in support torelief programmes designed in the benefit of very young children indistress.Other workshops on early childhood and values education should beconvened, to deal with specific issues. Such activities illustrateUNESCO's vocation in:- preserving diversity while underlining universal values;- facilitating the exchange of knowledge and experience;- promoting the ethics on which UNESCO's action is based.

Further enquiries:

ECF Values Education, Early Childhood an d Family Education UnitUNESCO, ED/BAS/ECF,7 Place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, FranceTel: 33-1-45.68.08.12 Fax: 33-1-45.68.56.27/28Internet: http : / /www.unesco.org/ education /ed ucprog/ecf/inde x. htm

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Annex 1: An example of Quality Based Values Learning IndicatorsThe following is a brief overview of the 33 Quality Based Values Learning (QBVL) indicators thatreflect the current practice and goals at the Kuwait American School. They are divided into 3groups - Plan, Do and Review. Each indicator is measured; qualitative and quantitative evidenceis gathered and monitored. Written and photographic evidence is beginning to illustrate theindicators in practice. The model is one of many models around the world. This model isdesigned to fit the local context and culture.

Plan Intentions/ Planning

QBVL 1 Educate the whole child : social, spiritual, physical, intellectual, cultural & emotional dimensions

QBVL 2

QBVL 3

'Holistic/global learning', adopting and applying many learning styles and approaches

Promotion of the well being' of the child

QBVL 4 Broad and balanced curriculum with access for all children

QBVL 5 Adoption of self monitoring programmes and formal methods of assessment

QBVL 6 Teacher at the very heart of the teaching and learning process

Do Provision and Practice

QVBL 7 Unique contribution of each and every child, and each and every adult

QBVL 8 Teaching and Learning at the very heart of the learning process

QBVL 9 Active learning, play and guided discovery

QBVL 10 Multi-dimensional learning environment

QBVL 11 Visual, Audio and Kinesthetic ways of learning

QBVL 12 Whole language and phonic development in the teaching and learning process for all pupils

QBVL 13 Love, peace and happiness in the classroom

QBVL 14 Adaptation of the best universal practices to local cultural contexts

QBVL 15 Character development and benefits of developing the human spirit

QBVL 16 Education of 'responsible individual beings' and 'responsible global beings'

QBVL 17 Inclusive education - support needed for all children

QBVL 18 Regular communication on the process of successful learning to the child and parents

QBVL 19 Communication and work with parents and others at all levels to help the child and family

QBVL 20 Development of active partnerships with the wider community

QBVL 21 Empowerment of decision makers to be creative and look at the uniqueness of the situation

QBVL 22 Resource schools to meet their needs

QBVL 23 Investment in teachers, and training and retraining teachers

QBVL 24 Practice what we say.

QBVL 25 Understanding that shared values bind us together

Review The Cycle of School Improvement

QBVL 26 Self School Improvement Monitoring and Evaluation system in place

QBVL 27 'Reachable and attainable' norms and standards for all children

QBVL 28 Best interests of the child incorporated in all that we do

QBVL 29 Definition of the roles of schools, and re-examination of their values and work practices

QBVL 30 Child Friendly School and Child Friendly Learning Environment

QBVL 31 Expression of the school Wing its values

QBVL 32 Low, medium and high expectation targets within short, medium and long term action plans

QBVL 33 Monitoring and evaluation on a regular basis

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WHO

Organisation des Nations Uniespour reducation, la science et la culture

C.*

r54

Cadre d'action pour['education aux valeursdans la petite entance

Decennie internationale pour une culture de la paixet de la non-violence au profit des enfants du monde

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Cadre d'action pour reducation auxvaleurs dans la petite enfance

elabore lors de('Atelier international Integrer les valeurs dans les programmes et services

destines a la petite enfance, co-organise par('UNESCO et Living Values: an Educational Program.

(Paris, 20-22 novembre 2000)

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(ED-2002/WS/32)Imprime dans les Ateliers de 1'UNESCO.

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Cadre d'action pour reducation aux valeurs dans Ia petite enfance

Contexte

Les organisations, presentes a Ia reunion : UNESCO, IQRA' International Institute,OMEP International, OMEP France, Secretariat du Groupe Consultatif sur les Soins et leDeveloppement de Ia Petite Enfance, UNICEF Regional Office for CEE/CIS and theBaltic, Living Values International Secretariat, Fondation Peter-Hesse, Ministere de('Education et de Ia Science - Suede, Asociaci6n Mundial de Educadores Infantiles,IUFM Grenoble, Crèche Petit a Petit, Ministere de la Sante - Israel, Montessori CentreInternational, Women's World Summit Foundation, Arab Women's Solidarity, Syndicatdes Enseignants, Living Values in Israel Association, Association of Living ValuesEducators of Kenya, Mauritius Institute of Education, Beirut American CommunitySchool, Kuwait American School, Association Mondiale des Amis de l'E nfance (AMADE)

se sont mises d'accord pour travailler sur un cadre d'action commun pour renforcer laprise de conscience :

du besoin pour le jeune enfant d'un environnement d'apprentissage "flexible,propice a Ia creativite et a Ia communication, offrant soutien et encouragement" ;de l'impact d'un environnement d'apprentissage base sur les valeurs, accueillantenvers l'enfant, et lui permettant d'exprimer ses capacites de creativite et decommunication ;de 'Importance d'entourer l'enfant des son plus jeune age de valeurs humainesessentiel les ;des moyens de mettre en oeuvre des approches de la petite enfance fondees surles valeurs pour un meilleur developpement social, affectif, scolaire et spirituel dujeune enfant.

I - Un Cadre d'action pour reducation aux valeurs dans Ia petiteenfance

Pourquoi un Cadre d'action ?

Lors de la Conference Generale de ('UNESCO en 1999, plusieurs representants d'Etatsmembres ont exprime leur preoccupation au sujet des jeunes enfants recevant soit uneeducation de pietre qualite, soit pas d'education du tout ou appartenant a descommunautes ou les valeurs fondamentales sont en regression, et le desir de trouverdes moyens pour renforcer ces valeurs. L'UNESCO recoit de plus en plus de demandesde Ia part des Etats membres concernant le probleme des valeurs educatives pour lesjeunes enfants, dans un cadre structure ou informel ou encore pour les enfants des rues,etc.). Sur cette base, une initiative internationa le concernant Ia petite enfance etreducation aux valeurs fut 'anode conjointement par ('UNESCO (Unite de la PetiteEnfance et de ('Education familiale) et Living Values : an Educational Program au debutde l'annee 2000. II en resulta un echange international en anglais, francais et espagnolpar courrier electronique et par d'autres moyens de communication sur le theme de Iapetite enfance et de reducation aux valeurs avec, entre autres, distribution auxcoordonnateurs et educateurs de Living Values, aux commissions nationales et bureauxde ('UNESCO ainsi qu'a d'autres partenaires specialises dans la petite enfance dans lemonde entier, d'un questionnaire pour mettre en lumiere des experiences dans cedomaine, solliciter des recommandations sur les formes pratiques et les resultatsconcrets que pourrait prendre cette consultation et suggerer des idees permettant lapreparation de documents et d'un site Internet a ('usage des Etats membres, desenseignants ed ucateurs et des parents sur cette question.

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Repondre aux besoins essentiels :Resumant les resultats des discussions de la rencontre et de recentes declarations surles besoins des jeunes enfants, les elements qui suivent representent un rapide apercudes besoins dont Ia prise en compte est essentielle dans un cadre d'action base sur lesvaleurs en faveur de Ia petite enfance.

Atteindre les jeunes enfantsL'Evaluation 2000 sur l'Education pour tous montre que moins du tiers des 800millions d'enfants de moins de 6 ans dans le monde beneficie de programmes pour Iapetite enfance sous quelque forme que ce soit. C'est un defi gigantesque aggrave parIa pression demographique, ('urbanisation galopante, l'accroissement de la pauvreteet de ('exclusion sociale, le nombre croissant d'enfants non scolarises, la progressionalarmante du SIDA, la montee de la violence chez les jeunes et les effets de Iamondialisation qui se font ressentir dans la plupart des pays. Pourtant it existe dessolutions efficaces et peu coOteuses pour la petite enfance, adaptees aux besoinsdes enfants, aux conditions de vie des families, aux differentes cultures, valeurs etressources des pays. Leur mise en oeuvre depend avant tout d'une volonte politiqueet sociale affirmee et d'une necessaire cohesion parmi les differents acteurs dereducation.

Les besoins incontournables des jeunes enfantsDans leur nouveau livre intitule "Les besoins incontournables des enfants", lesdocteurs T. Berry Brazelton et Stanley Greenspan argumentent que tous les jeunesenfants ont sept besoins fondamentaux.1. Des relations privilegiees suivies : Tout bebe a besoin d'une relation intime et

chaleureuse avec une personne qui prend soin de lui pendant ses premieresannees et pas seulement pendant quelques mois ou quelques semaines. Cetterelation est bien plus essentielle pour le developpement affectif et intellectuel del'enfant qu'un entrainement cognitif precoce ou des jeux educatifs. En l'absenced'une telle relation, l'enfant peut souffrir de problemes de raisonnement, demotivation et d'attachement. Les nourrissons, les tout petits et les enfants d'ageprescolaire ont besoin de ces relations privilegiees durant I'essentiel de leursjournees.

2. Protection physique, securite et regles : Aussi bien pendant la grossesse qu'aucours des premiers mois de leur vie, les enfants ont besoin d'un environnementdans lequel ils sont proteges contre tout danger physique ou psychologique, tousproduits toxiques et toutes formes de violences.

3. Des experiences adaptees a chaque enfant : Chaque enfant a un temperamentunique. Si les premieres experiences vecues par l'enfant sont adaptees a sanature individuelle, elles lui epargneront des problemes d'apprentissage et decomportement et lui permettront de developper pleinement ses capacites.

4. Des experiences adaptees au developpement de l'enfant : L'attention port& a desenfants d'age differents doit etre adaptee a leur niveau de developpement. Desattentes irrealistes ne pou rraient que contrarier le developpement de l'enfant.

5. Limites, structures et attentes : Les enfants ont besoin de reperes et de discipline.La discipline doit les amener a se fixer interieurement des limites, a canaliser leuragressivite et a rechercher une issue pacifique aux problemes. Pour atteindre cetobjectif, ils ont besoin d'adultes qui les comprennent et leur fixent des limites. Ilsont besoin qu'on soit a l'ecoute de leurs attentes et non qu'on leur colle desetiquettes. II leur faut des adultes qui aient confiance en leurs capacites tout encomprenant leurs faiblesses. Ils ont aussi besoin de systemes qui les motivent etnon de modeles les conduisant a l'echec.

6. Un groupe et une culture stables qui les soutiennent et les encouragent : Poureprouver le sentiment d'être complets et bien integres, les enfants ont besoin degrandir dans une communaute stable, ce qui suppose aussi bien une continuite

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dans les valeurs de la famille et des camarades, dans Ia religion et Ia culturequ'une ouverture a Ia diversite.

7. Preserver l'avenir: Nous devons repondre a ces besoins en toute priorite. Toutochec serait fatal a l'avenir de nos enfants.

Petite enfance et education aux valeursLa recherche confirme ['importance des premieres annees de la vie a influencer lesenfants de maniere positive et durable. Les valeurs morales et sociales d'un enfantsont déjà acquises au moment ou it atteint rage d'entrer a l'ecole. Les premiers pasvers une vie tissee d'activites paisibles et non-violentes, de respect de soi et desautres, de reconnaissance et d'approciation de Ia diver site, peuvent etre faits au coursde Ia petite enfance, alors que les enfants commencent a murir et a mettre en placeleurs cadres de reference cognitifs et affectifs. Les discussions sur la possibilited'eduquer les jeunes enfants aux valeurs se sont centrees sur plusieurs themes, parexemple :

le respect a regard de soi-merne et des autres encourageant les capacitescooperer eta resoudre les conflits ;le gout pour Ia diversite, une conscience plus universelle et une educationmulticulturelle ;Ia mise en 09 uvre pratique de la Convention des Droits de l'Enfant en tantqu'ensemble de valeurs universellement reconnues comme essentielles pourpermettre aux enfants de developper leurs capacites;le rale d'une violence culturelle omnipresente, a Ia television, au cinema, dansdiverses representations et qui se trouve renforcee par certains jouets ;['amour et le respect de la nature ;Ia stimulation de ('imagination d e ['enfant par la creativite ;l'etablissement de programmes multiculturels aidant les enfants a integrerenseignements spirituels / religieux et enseignements laIcs ou a surmonter lesdifferences dues a Ia langue ou a la diversite des groupes culturels.

Faire le bon choixEn declarant qu'«investir dans le developpement de nos enfants les plus jeunes est lechoix le plus fondamental que peuvent faire de bons dirigeants D, Carol Bellamy,Directrice generale de ['UNICEF souligne que le monde est en train de gaspiller dansdes proportions massives son potentiel humain en laissant des centaines de millionsde ses citoyens les plus jeunes se debattre dans la pauvrete et le denuement durantleurs premieres annees de vie.Les soins a Ia petite enfance sont un investissement judicieux. Chaque dollar investidans les soins a Ia petite enfance genere 7 dollars d'economies. Ce chiffre est tired'etudes demontrant que les enfants qui vont a Ia maternelle ou a Ia crèche sontensuite moins susceptibles de tomber malades, de redoubler, d'abandonner l'ecoleou de suivre des cours de rattrapage. En outre, en reorientant leurs budgets, les payspeuvent, sans depenses supplementaires, mettre en ceuvre des programmes integresdestines aux tres jeunes enfants.Trois grandes menaces se profilent : la pauvrete, les conflits et le VIH/SIDA. Ces troisfleaux representent le plus grand danger pour Ia communaute internationale et fontconcurrence au financement des soins a la petite enfance. Dans les pays les pluspauvres, les maigres ressources sont absorbees par le remboursement des prets. Eninvestissant dans des machines de guerre destructrices, de nombreux pays priventleurs citoyens de nourriture, d'eau salubre, de soins de sante et d'education. Et danscertains pays, en particulier en Afrique subsaharienne, la pandemie du VIH/SIDA aquasiment epuise les ressources des budgets de Ia sante et de ('education.«La situation des tits jeunes enfants, qui sont des citoyens jouissant des moniesdroits que les autres, est loin d'être satisfaisante », conclut Mme Bellamy. « Elle nes'ameliorera que lorsque nous modifierons nos priorites et que nous deciderons de

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donner la priorite aux tits jeunes enfants du monde entier, une decision judicieuseaux plans economique, social et politique.» (Communiqué de presse de l'UNICEF, 12decem bre 2000)

II - Lignes directrices de programme pour un Cadre d'action pour('education aux valeurs dans Ia petite enfance

Les lignes directrices du programme, qui suivent, constituent Ia base de Ia structure duplan d'action. El les sont egalement destinees a etre utilisees par les organisations dansla planification de leurs propres programmes et actions bases sur les valeurs en faveurde la petite enfance.

Buts et objectifsL'objectif principal de cette initiative est de developper un cadre d'action communharmonise afin d'integrer les valeurs clans les programmes et les services destines a Iapetite enfance en impliquant differents groupes cibles (y compris les decideurspolitiques, les decideurs communautaires, les formateurs, ceux qui s'occupent desenfants, les families, les parents, les enfants ...).

Les objectifs principaux sont :suggerer des directives pour des actions concretes a mettre en ceuvre par lesEtats membres, les educateurs, les families et les parents pour apporter unereponse aux questions des valeurs dans la petite enfa nce.creer un environnement fonds sur les valeurs qui contribue au developpementphysique, social, affectif et spirituel global des jeunes enfants.creer des opportunites pour les institutions et les individus de discuter, d'apprendreet d'arriver a une meilleure comprehension des moyens d'introduire, d'integrer etde mettre en oeuvre les valeurs dans la programmation en matiere de petiteenfance.

Principes d'actionNous reaffirmons la d ignite et la valeur de cheque etre humain,

croyons que les soins et reducation de la petite enfance, au sens large du terme,font partie de reducation de base et sont essentielles pour permettre a tous lesenfants de developper au maximum leur capacite d'apprendre,reconnaissons qu'une approche des acquisitions et de la croissance des enfantsfondee sur les valeurs est essentielle a leur apprentissage et a leur developpement,recherchons la cooperation et ('engagement concret de tous les partenaires afind'appliquer les principes d'action suivants :

1. Tout enfant devrait avoir droit a etre pris en charge et &fugue durant ses premieresannees. Les programmes d'education de la petite enfance devraient etre disponiblespour tous les enfants.

2. Tous les programmes pour la petite enfance devraient s'appuyer sur des valeurstelles que Ia confiance et le respect, Ia non-discrimination et le droit de ['enfant degrandir dans une atmosphere de paix.

3. La perennite des programmes de qualite pour la petite enfance devrait etre assureeen :

permettant a la communaute (enseignants, educateurs, responsables, parents)de faire sienne ces programmes ;offrant une formation de qualite a des personnes cle sur le plan local y comprisles educateurs ;

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mettant sur pied des structures d'information pour les educateurs et les parentspour faire comprendre les besoins et les droits des enfants, pour developper lescapacites de prevention, et pour diffuser largement cette information a Ia radioou a la television - d'une maniere appropriee selon les pays ;generalisant recces a des programmes modeles de qualite susceptibles d'êtrelargement diffuses.

4. Les educateurs devraient etre formes pour creer un environnement d'apprentissagefonde sur les valeurs, favorable a l'enfant. Un tel environnement devrait faireressortir :

des adultes montrant differents modeles de valeurs et des modes decommunication entre adultes et enfants empreints de paix, de respect, dedouceur ;des relations avec les enfants developpant chez eux le sentiment d'être aimes,apprecies, respectes, compris et en securite ;une ecoute et une appreciation des efforts positifs et des qualites des enfan is ;une reconnaissance de Ia valeur de cheque enfant par des educateurs qui fontpreuve de tolerance et apprecient les differences, la diversite et la multiplicitedes cultures ;des *les et des limites claires et precises. La discipline est assuree sans qu'ilsoit necessaire de se mettre en colere ;('acceptation des erreurs qui sont considerees comme des occasionsd'apprendre.

5. Les enfants devraient etre eduques aux valeurs, en consacrant du temps et desactivites a Ia decouverte de celles-ci. Un programme consacre aux valeurs devraitinclure :

apprendre le caractere universel des valeurs (dignite et respect pour tous) ;se familiariser avec les differentes valeurs au moyen de definitions, dediscussions, d'exemples et d'histoires ;comprendre les differentes valeurs en creant des saynetes et des activitesd'expression ;apprecier les valeurs par des activites ludiques, des chansons, danses, mimeset par ('expression corpore Ile ;ressentir les valeurs interieurement et se nourrir de valeurs telles que la paix,('amour et le respect par des exercices de bien-etre ;creer des attitudes psychosociologiques fondees sur les valeurs et les mettre enpratique avec ses camarad es et avec des adultes.

6. La famille doit etre reconnue et soutenue comme entite centrale de la vie de l'enfantet de ses acquisitions pour toute sa vie en :

donnant aux parents et a tous ceux qui s'occupent d'enfants une formation surl'art d'être parent dans un contexte d'apprentissage base sur les valeurs, encommencant autant que possible des Ia pre miere grossesse ;engageant les parents a examiner les valeurs qui sont les leurs, a les modeleret les entretenir positivement chez leurs enfants. Ceci pourrait se faire au seinde groupes de parents ou par l'intermediaire de divers medias.

Elements cies

Les elements cies d'un cadre d'action fonde sur les valeurs pour Ia petite enfancedevraient sou ligner les points suivants :

elaborer une politique integree ou un climat de cooperation permet d'encourageret de soutenir tous les acteurs du pro cessus d'education ;

preserver reducation aux valeurs d'eventuelles derives politiques, sociales oureligieuses. C'est lorsque les droits de l'homme et des enfants sont assures quereducation aux valeurs est la plus authentique ;

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s'assurer que reducation aux valeurs est authentique, repose sur ('experience,qu'elle met ('enfant au centre et vise a son bien-etre physique, social, mental etspirituel ;

eduquer les enfants aux principes democratiques, a une citoyenneteresponsable, a un engagement au service de la societe - comme basesfondamentales pour l'acquisition des valeurs et leur interiorisation ;

promouvoir des relations d'echanges dynamiques entre enfants et adultes enpartageant, apprenant et progressant ensemble ;

saisir toute occasion permettant aux educateurs d'instaurer un dialogue avec lesparents par l'intermediaire de ('enfant en prenant du temps pour observer et pourecouter, pour trouver des solutions et rester ouvert aux suggestions.

III - Niveaux d'action et Strategie pour un Cadre d'action pourreducation aux valeurs dans Ia petite enfance

Les cinq niveaux d'action suivants ont ete proposes pour faciliter la mise en oeuvre ducadre d'action :

Niveau personnel : les adultes doivent apprendre a exterioriser leurs sentiments.Les enfants doivent apprendre a ecouter, a reconnaitre la diversite, a prendre letemps, a s'amuser, a jouer, a eprouver des sentiments.

Niveau familial : les parents doivent etre aides, souten us, eduques.

Niveau de l'ecole : les educateurs doivent etre formes pour prendre en compte lecomportement ernotif et affectif des enfants.

Niveau de la communaute : au niveau local, des espaces doivent exister/ etrecites pour accueillir et prendre en charge les enfants, y compris les enfants de larue, les enfants atteints ou orphelins du SIDA.

Niveau national : les Etats ont Ia responsabilite de faire appliquer la Conventiondes Droits de ('Enfant et d'assurer reducation des enfants.

Methode pro posee :

entreprendre des activites individuelles, immediates au niveau local.

commencer a travailler au niveau des communautes en invitant des individus aparticiper et passer ensuite a des niveaux d'action differents, en etablissant desreseaux et des partenariats pour rendre le travail plus facile par un effortd'organisation, d'enseignement et de clarification.

obtenir des informations pour favoriser la dissemination d'actions fondees sur lesvaleurs au niveau departemental, regional etc....ou encore participer a descampagnes nationales par l'intermediaire des associations d'enseignants,d'infirmieres etc....

prendre en compte les sommets mondiaux tels que la Session speciale sur lesenfants (septembre 2001). Cooperer avec les gouvernements en contribuant aune reflexion en vue d'initiatives dans un cadre d'action en faveur de la petiteenfance.

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Niveau mondial >>>>>>>>>>>>> (cooperation entre pays, sous-regions, etc ... )

Niveau national >>>>>>>>>>>> (cooperation entre organismespublics et d'autres institutions departenariat)

Niveau regional >>>>>>>>> > (cooperation entre un certainnombre de gouvernements /instances au niveau local)

Gouvernement local >>> (villes, municipalites, villages,etc ... )

Communaute >>>>>> (centres communautaires,dirigeants, benevoles, entrep rises,etc ... )

Niveau individuel > »» (adultes, enfants, personness'occupant d'enfants, educateurs,tous ceux qui souhaitentparticiper)

II importe de definir un cadre d'action a chaque niveau, afin de mettre en place reseauxet partenariats pour commencer a travailler a un projet commun. Chaque fois que l'onconstate a quelque niveau que ce soit, la possibilite d'atteindre les jeunes enfants parl'intermediaire des educateurs, assistantes maternelles, puericultrices, d'infirmieres, deparents etc. et que l'on estime que ces personnes peuvent jouer le role de modeles, ondoit s'efforcer de leur offrir les outils dont elles ont besoin ainsi qu'une formation areducation aux valeurs. Cette prise de conscience leur permettra de modifier leurapproche d'elles-mernes et des enfants. Pour permettre aux enfants d'apprendre a etreeux-mernes et a vivre ensemble, nous devons d'abord faire nous-memes ('experience dece concept dans notre vie quotidienne.Ayant defini un ensemble d'objectifs a atteindre, it est necessaire de determiner unestrategie claire car un programme destine aux jeunes enfants comprend necessairementplusieurs dimensions. II doit s'efforcer de combiner differentes spheres d'activite en uneffort commun pour creer des services integres, aller vers une approche globale fondeesur les besoins des jeunes enfants, de leurs parents et de leurs educateurs pour aboutira un programme beaucoup plus complet et varie. L'adoption d'une approche fondee surles valeurs comme methode nouvelle et naturelle pour tous ceux qui travaillent avec lesjeunes enfants peut etre facilitee par une collaboration pluridisciplinaire et par Ia mise enrelation de plusieurs programmes déjà existants.En fonction des conditions locales, differentes opportunites peuvent permettre unepresentation a ('ensemble de la communaute des methodes fondees sur les valeursdestinees aux enfants. De nombreux pays possedent des centres de sante familialedependant du Ministere de Ia sante (ou d'autres institutions). II existe en general dansces centres, des associations de parents qui peuvent parfaitement participer a une seried'ateliers ou a des seances d'entrainement a une education parentale ou familiales'appuyant sur les valeurs. Autre exemple, les structures d'education de la petiteenfance (jardins d'enfants,.ecoles maternelles) peuvent commencer a inclure les valeursdans leurs activites habituelles avec les mattresses, les assistantes, les parents et lesenfants.La creation d'un Comite pour la Petite enfance dans chaque communaute, comprenantdes representants des enseignants, des parents, des collectivites locales, du Ministerede l'Education, des infirmieres, des para-professionnels et, eventuellement, d'ONG et dusecteur prive. Ce Comite constitue de personnes venant d'horizons divers pourraitfavoriser une cooperation concrete aboutissant a un programme plus harmonieux enfaveur des enfants.

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IV - Plan d'action pour un Cadre d'action pour reducation auxvaleurs dans Ia petite enfance

Le Cadre d'action s'articule en sept domaines d'action dont chacun correspond a uncertain nombre d'actions concretes. La mise en oeuvre de ce cadre d'action dependd'une collaboration pour son elaboration, sa promotion et son application. Plusieursmecanismes existent pour atteindre les objectify des differents domaines d'action, etseront redefinis lorsque chaque organisation individuelle aura enoncer ses propresmecanismes et forces.

Sept domaines d'actionLa mise en oeuvre de ce cadre depend du deroulement et du developpement des septdomaines d'action qui representent differentes fawns de creer, soutenir et diffuser!'introduction, !Integration et !'execution d'approches de la petite enfance fondees sur lesvaleurs.

1. Entreprendre des activites de plaidoyer, de dialogue et de prise deconscience, y compris

Faire appel aux decideurs politiques en leur p resentant des choix clairs.Organiser des rencontres entre representants d'approches educativesdifferentes.Faire naitre chez les consommateurs une prise de conscience de l'ethiquerelative aux produits et les sensibiliser a des problemes tels que le travail et!'exploitation des enfants.Utiliser les reseaux de ('UNESCO, de ('UNICEF et de ('Internationale de('Education pour diffuser et repandre ('information sur ces sujets, notamment dansle cadre de Ia Decennie internationale pour une Culture de la Paix et de la non-violence au profit des enfants du monde (2001-2010).Ameliorer les systernes d'information entre educateurs et parents en constituantdes dossiers d'information sur les etapes du developpement de l'enfant, sur Iasensibilisation aux valeurs et sur les competences parentales. Ceux-ci devraientetre rediges de fawn a pouvoir etre facilement utilises dans les medias ou dansles lettres d'information des ecoles, maternelles, jardins d'enfa nts.Sensibiliser aux besoins d'amour et de protection que ressentent les enfants.Donner une information sur leurs droits en diffusant ces documents.Marquer la celebration d'evenements nationaux/internationaux par des activitescentrees sur les valeurs.Utiliser Internet et les moyens multimedias pour :

tisser des liens reciproques entre organisations presentes lors de cet atelierpour accroitre ('information sur les ressources disponibles et les pratiquespositives.creer un site Internet donnant les activites de differents programmes,differentes ressources et differents liens et !'utiliser comme bibliothequed'histoires flees aux valeurs provenant de differentes cultures.agrandir Ia section « les enfants participent » du site Internet de LivingValues pour que les enfants puissent mettre en commun leurs decouvertesdes valeurs dans differents programmes.

2. Elaborer et proposer des formations, y compris

Offrir des formations de qualite a des personnes cies au niveau local, y comprisdes educateurs, des parents et des representants du secteur prive pour soutenirdes programmes de qualite pour la petite enfance. Ces formations auront pourobjectif de :> faire comprendre a chaque personne !Importance d'une approche de

reducation axee sur les valeurs mettant l'enfant au cceur du projet educatif.

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Organiser une session de sensibilisation aux valeurs permettant auxprincipaux acteurs concernes d'eprouver le sentiment que cette dernarcheest leur affaire, de creer une atmosphere fondee sur les valeurs et depresenter la fawn dont ils percoivent les besoins des en fants.continuer de faire participer des responsables de communautes locales ades sessions au cours desquelles ils apporteront leurs idees et leurcooperation pour creer des soutiens communautaires aux enfants et auxfamilies.sensibiliser Ia communaute locale a !Importance des besoins et des droitsdes enfants ainsi qu'a Ia justesse et a l'efficacite d'une approche d'educationet de prevention par l'intermediaire des medias.

Former les educateurs locaux a comprendre et utiliser des programmesd'education de qualite mettant !'enfant au cceur du processus educatif fonde surles valeurs et corn portant les elements suivants :

Inclure des educateurs chevronnes avec les competences pour formerd'autres educateurs, des representants des parents et ameliorer les relationsau sein de la communaute.Dispenser une formation d'une fawn telle que les educateurs fassent eux-memes !'experience de !'atmosphere qu'ils vont communiquer aux enfants,c'est-e-d ire en insistant non seulement sur le contenu mais aussi sur lesmethodes.Les encourager a integrer dans leur pratique des elements provenant de leurpropre heritage culturel et des differentes cultures existant au niveau local.Creer des sites modeles pouvant servir de reference a d'autres personnestravaillant avec des enfants de moins de 8 ans.

3. Ameliorer la prevention et la protection, y compris

Creer une atmosphere de securite autour des enfants. D'apres les statistiques,les blessures par accident representent Ia premiere cause de maladie et demortalite chez les enfants de moins de 17 ans et notamment parmi les jeunesenfants de moins de 4 ans. II est surprenant de constater que 95% de cesblessures pourraient etre evitees par reducation et u ne atmosphere de securite.Fournir des equipements de securite a toutes les institutions ayant charged'enfants (centres acres, crèches, jardins d'enfants, ecoles, centres de santefamiliale, cliniques etc.).Developper au niveau national des progra mmes de mise en securite des espacesfrequentes par des enfants (domicile familial, cours de recreation, rues). II devraitegalement y avoir des programmes destines aux parents ainsi qu'auxeducateurs, personnels de sante etc.... des campagnes de sensibilisation dansles mochas ainsi qu'une baisse du cout des equipements de securite utilises dansles foyers, les cours, les voitur es ou pour les deux-roues.

4. Creer appuis et plaidoyers par le biais des medias et des moyens decommunication, y compris

Sensibiliser les medias et leur faire comprendre que consciemment ou non, ilstransmettent aux enfants des valeurs pas toujours positives. II y a davantage dereportages sur les violences ou la mort brutale dont des jeunes enfants sontvictimes que sur leur vie ordinaire de tous les fours.Encourager dans les medias les messages pour les enfants fondes sur lesvaleurs. Regrouper les principes d'action ou les recommandations pratiquesconcernant les programmes pour la petite enfance fondee sur les valeurs defawn qu'ils puissent etre immediatement utilisables par les journalistes.S'assurer que Ia Charte de la television pour les enfants est largement connue etappliquee. Cette Charte souligne le droit des enfants a des programmes de

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qualite et leur reconnait le droit de s'exprimer et d'exprimer leur culture, leurlangue et leurs experiences de vie dans les medias.Rechercher quels sont les besoins des jeunes telespectateurs et promouvoirdiverses initiatives essentielles pour assurer le droit des enfants a des medias dequalite.Analyser les effets de Ia mondialisation sur les medias destines aux enfants etdemander une reglementation bannissant les programmes violents aux heures oules enfants peuvent regarder la television.Encourager la creation de chafnes de television nationales et de programmesconsacres a reducation familiale, a reducation des enfants, donnant desexperiences de parents, d'Oducateu rs, etc.

5. Mobiliser et faire participer le secteur prive et les entreprises, y compris

Examiner Ia possibilite d'utiliser le Pacte Mondial (initiative lancee par leSecretaire general de l'ONU) pour etablir des partenariats avec le secteur privedans le domaine de la petite enfance et de reducation a ux valeurs.Encourager les entreprises a fournir des programmes pour la petite enfance pourleurs salaries en employant des educateurs specialises dans la petite enfance.Par exemple un educateur ou une educatrice Montessori pourrait enseigner auxenfants le matin et donner des conseils aux adultes et former les parents sur lesthemes lies a la petite enfance l'apres midi.Encourager le secteur prive a prendre des initiatives destinees a combattre('exclusion sociale et la pauvrete.Sensibiliser les entreprises aux bienfaits d'investir dans le developpement de Iapetite enfance. Notamment, les projets en faveur de la petite enfance :> permettent aux entreprises de recruter et de conserver les meilleurs

travailleurs. Les salaries qui beneficient d'une politique de soutien familialsont davantage susceptibles de rester en place et prennent davantaged'initiative que ceux qui n'y ont pas acces.permettent d'ameliorer la productivite, de reduire la rotation du personnel del'entreprise et l'absenteisme.representent a terme un investissement dans la constitution d'une force detravail productive hautement qualifiee. En s'assurant que les enfants sontbien traites durant leurs premieres annees, les entreprises peuventcontribuer a la constitution d'une force de travail productive pour l'avenir.

6. Identifier, utiliser et capitaliser sur les reseaux, les partenariats et les groupesd'affinite, y cornpris

Etablir des partenariats pour les enfants, favoriser la participation de tous lesmembres de la societe a differents niveaux : parents, families, educateurs,infirmieres, responsables politiques etc... afin que tous unissent leurs efforts envue du developpement optimal de l'enfant.Partager les perspectives et les acquis pour elaborer des formules de partenariatet de complementarite.Travailler en cooperation avec des groupes d'affinites pour parvenir a un impact,a un consensus et pour faire cause commune sur des problemes tels que lesdroits de l'enfant, les femmes, l'environnement, etc.Elaborer des partenariats propres a cheque probleme et tournes vers une actionprecise de fawn a englober des problemes connexes et a relier les questions dela petite enfance a celles qui se posent au public a un moment donne.

7. Evaluer l'efficacite et suivre les progres, y compris

Faire appel a ('attention vigilante et a ('engagement de professionnels travaillanten collaboration avec ceux qui elaborent les programmes et avec ceux qui yparticipent pour en faire une evaluation fiable.

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Evaluer regulierement les programmes utilisant des criteres qui prennent enconsideration la contribution et la pertinence globales du programme destine auxenfants et a la societe. Cette evaluation doit etre complete et continue en ce quiconcerne les criteres locaux, regionaux, nationaux et internationaux en matiered'attention et d'education pour les jeunes enfants.Adapter un cycle concret d'auto-evaluation avec mise en pratique (en d'autrestermes : prevision, action, revision) correspondant au caractere propre del'etablissement scolaire et aux objectifs qu'il s'engage a atteindre.Utiliser des indicateurs de qualite de l'apprentissage des valeurs (voir ceux de laKuwait American School en an nexe, comme modele possible).Choisir un petit nombre d'indicateurs a la fois (trois par exemple) : un pour laprevision, un pour ('action, un pour la revision, concus et prevus pourcorrespondre aux besoins exprimes.Etablir des processus pour determiner les attentes de la communaute et leslignes directives de programmes et de services de qualite en vue de dialogue etde debats a l'interieur de Ia communaute sur la fawn dont les besoins desenfants auront ete satisfaits.

V - Etapes suivantes: vers Ia mise en place d'environnementsd'apprentissage propices aux enfants

Rien ne peut nous empe'cher de faire une difference dans ('education de tousles enfants. Ensemble nous pouvons aider les enfants a acquerir des savoirs,agir, a etre, a eprouver un sentiment d'appartenance, et a donner de ('amour.Ensemble nous pouvons aider les enfants a etre eux-mernes, a se connaitreeux-mernes, a donner un sens a leur univers personnel, au monde qui lesentoure, a servir les autres et a devenir les gerants de leur propreenvironnement. (Peter Williams, Kuwait American School)

Le Cadre d'action sera largement diffuse afin de recueillir des commentaires, desadjonctions et des soutiens. II sera place sous l'Ogide de la Decennie Internationale pourune Culture de la Paix et de la Non-Violence au profit des enfants du monde qui offre uncadre de reference ideal a tout travail lie aux enfants et aux valeurs.

Plusieurs formes d'engagement ont ete proposees Want bien entendu que chaqueorganisation doit en fait definir sa propre participation a ce projet commun) :

participer par fax/email/courrier postal a une discussion sur Ia petite enfanceet reducation aux valeurs;participer a la mise en commun d'experiences, de ressources et derenseignements pour rediger un Manuel de references, y compris fournir desinformations pour mettre sur Internet;definir les moyens par lesquels une organisation peut apporter sacontribution au niveau regional et diffuser ('information concernant cetteinitiative au public le plus large possible;etudier comment une organisation peut contribuer financierement auxinitiatives fondees sur les valeurs pour la petite enfance;inviter d'autres a participer et a contribuer a cette initiative.

Identifier des moyens de contribuer au Cadre d'action et inviter d'autres a yparticiper.Chaque organisation doit determiner ses propres objectifs, ressources et interetsdans cette initiative. Une fois que les organisations auront determine leurscontributions, celles-ci seront rassemblees par ('UNESCO et Living Values quirechercheront les moyens pour coordonner et faciliter la mise en commun et lacollaboration au niveau regional et international. Des reunions regionales seront

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organisees pour mettre sur pied des echanges d'informations et de connaissancesconcernant Ia question des valeurs et des jeunes enfants.Des suggestions ont ete faites pour prolonger cet Atelier international et de faireparticiper d'autres organisations et d'autres regions du monde dans les mois a venir.Ces rencontres permettront d'atteindre d'autres organisations qui ne font pas encorepartie de ce projet et de les inviter a participer et a apporter leur contribution, de lesinformer de revolution de ce Cadre d'action mis en commun. L'UNESCO lancera leCadre d'action et en fera la promotion comme moyen de eensibiliser et de mobiliserles Etats membres en faveur des valeurs dans Ia petite enfance.

Elaborer un manuel de references:Afin d'illustrer la fagon dont les valeurs peuvent etre integrees dans des programmesou des services destines a la petite enfance, un ouvrage-source en deux parties seracongu et compose pour relater les differentes experiences et la maniere dont ellesfonctionnent dans des communautes, regions ou pays differents. Ceci se fera enprenant contact avec des collegues et partenaires du monde entier travaillant dansdes contextes et des cultures varies, qui apporteront leurs temoignages de refficacitedes valeurs dans la petite enfance, aux benefices de ceux q ui les utilisent.Afin d'illustrer la fagon dont les valeurs peuvent etre integrees dans des programmesou des services destines a la petite enfance, un ouvrage-source en deux parties seracongu et compose pour relater les differentes experiences et la maniere dont ellesfonctionnent dans des communautes, regions ou pays differents. Ceci se fera enprenant contact avec des collegues et partenaires du monde entier travaillant dansdes contextes et des cultures varies, qui apporteront leurs temoignages de refficacitedes valeurs dans la petite enfance , aux benefices de ceux q ui les utilisent.

Developper materiels et modules de formation pour les jeunes enfants a risque:Pour apporter une reponse a ('augmentation du nombre des jeunes enfants ensituation a risque, des jeunes enfants touches par repidernie du SIDA, ainsi qu'aunombre toujours croissant de jeunes enfants des rues, Living Values, en cooperationavec ('UNESCO et d'autres partenaires va mettre au point au cours de rannee 2001,des materiels et modules experimentaux qui seront utilises avec les enfants des rueset ceux qui s'occupent d'eux ainsi qu'avec les enfants malades/orphelins du SIDA.

Actions immediates

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Declaration adressee aux Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement du G8

Les delegues d'Institutions et d'Organisations ceuvrant dans le domaine de Iapetite enfance de 22 pays, reunis a Paris du 20 au 22 novembre 2000 a('occasion de ('Atelier international sur l'integration des Valeurs dans lesprogrammes et services destines a la petite enfance, a ('invitation de('UNESCO et de Living Values : an Educational Program, demandentsolennellement aux Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement qui se sont reunis aOkinawa (Japon) pendant rete 2000 pour promouvoir les technologiesmondiales de ('information, de mettre egalement ('accent sur les conditionsprealables, au niveau mondial, a tout developpement humain, a savoir : unapprentissage des connaissances de base precoce et de qualite incluant lesvaleurs humaines universelles, des attitudes positives et des aptitudessociales fondamentales a un age o0 les enfants apprennent le plus et lemieux.Les etudes scientifiques demontrent clairement que les valeursfondamentales, les attitudes de fond et ('art de resoudre les problemes sedeveloppent avant rentree a recole.Cette opportunite pour le developpement humain ne doit pas etre perdue.Le developpement de la petite enfance et un enseignement de base dequalite au niveau mondial permettront de reduire la « fracture numerique ».

adoptae le 22 novembre 2000 (Paris, France)

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Recommandations a ('UNESCO

Les participants de ('Atelier ont convenu d'adresser a ('UNESCO lesrecommandations suivantes :

L'education de la petite enfance represente une part essentielle dereducation de base. En consequence elle devrait avoir une prioriteimportante dans les prochains budgets et programmes de ('UNESCO etdans son prochain Plan a moyen terme.Une part substantielle des fonds extrabudgetaires mis a Ia disposition de('UNESCO par ses partenaires dans le monde entier devrait etre utiliseepour soutenir des programmes d'aide au benefice de tres jeunes enfantsen detresse.D'autres reunions sur Ia petite enfance et reducation aux valeursdevraient etre organisees pour examiner des sujets particuliers. Desactivites de ce type illustrent Ia vocation de ('UNESCO a :- preserver Ia diversite tout en mettant en relief les valeurs universelles;- faciliter les echanges de connaissances et d'experiences;- promouvoir les principes moraux sur lesquels s'appuie ('action de('UNESCO.

Pour toutes informations complementaires:

ECF Education aux Valeurs, Section Petite Enfance et Education FamilialeUNESCO, ED/BAS/ECF,7 Place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, FranceTel: 33-1-45.68.08.12 Fax: 33-1-45.68.56.27/28Internet: http ://www.unesco.org/education/educprog/ecf/index.htm

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Annexe 1: Un exemple d'indicateurs de qualite de l'apprentissage des valeurs

Voici une breve presentation des 33 indicateurs de qualite de l'apprentissage des valeursrepresentant Ia pratique et les objectifs de Ia Kuwait American School. Ils se repartissent en troisgroupes : prevision, action, revision. Chaque indicateur peut etre mesure. Les elements qualitatifs etquantitatifs sont reunis et controles. Un schema sous forme de tableau permet d'illustrer de faconpratique les indicateurs. Ceci est l'un des nombreux modeles utilises dans le monde. II est concupour s'adapter a Ia culture et au contexte local.

Prevision - Intentions/ Planification

QBVL 1 education globale de l'enfant : aspects physiques, affectifs, intellectuels, spirituels, sociaux, culturels

QBVL 2 apprentissage global et complet: adopter diverses methodes d'apprentissage

QBVL 3 promouvoir le bien-etre de l'enfant

QBVL 4 programmes scolaires vastes et equilibres accessibles a tous les enfants

QBVL 5 programmes d'auto-apprentissage et methodes devaluation structurees

QBVL 6 reducateur au cceur du processus d'enseignement et d'acquisition

Action - Disposition et Pratiques

QVBL 7 la contribution unique de chaque enfant et chaque adulte

QBVL 8 enseignement et apprentissage au cceur du processus educatif

QBVL 9 apprentissage actif, jeux et decouvertes guidees

QBVL 10 atmosphere d'apprentissage multidimensionnel

QBVL 11 methodes d'apprentissage audiovisuelles et faisant appel a des mouvements

QBVL 12 developpement de l'apprentissage fonde sur le langage et ('expression orale

QBVL 13 ('amour, Ia paix et le bonheur en classe

QBVL 14 adopter les meilleures pratiques universelles au contexte culturel local

QBVL 15 forger le caractere et developper ('esprit

QBVL 16 reducation dttres humains responsables sur le plan individuel et au niveau mondial

QBVL 17 eu_ication integratrice, soutien pour tous les enfants

QBVL 18 communications regulieres aux enfants et a leurs parents sur le processus d'apprentissage

communiquer et travailler avec les parents ainsi qu'avec d'autres personnes tous les niveaux pourQBVL 19 alder les enfants et les families

QBVL 20 etablir des partenariats actifs avec la societe environnante

donner les moyens aux decideurs de faire preuve de creativite et de prendre en compte le caractereQBVL 21 unique de chaque situation

QBVL 22 equiper les ecoies pour satisfaire leurs besoins

QBVL 23 investir dans la formation initiale et continue des enseignants

QBVL 24 mettre en pratique ce que I'on dit

QBVL 25 comprendre que Ion partage les mernes valeurs

Revision - Le Cycle d'amelioration de Pecole

QBVL 26 mettre en place des systernes d'auto-pilotage pour ameliorer et evaluer l'ecole

QBVL 27 etablir des normes et des criteres susceptibles d'être atteints par tous les enfants

QBVL 28 integrer les interets superieurs des enfants dans toutes actions

QBVL 29 definir les missions de l'ecole et proceder au reexamen des valeurs et des pratiques de travail

QBVL 30 l'ecole et ('atmosphere d'apprentissage doivent etre propices aux enfants

QBVL 31 montrer que l'ecole vit ses valeurs

QBVL 32 objectifs minimal, moyen et maximal dans des plans d'action a court, moyen et long termes

QBVL 33 suivi et evaluation de fawn reguliere

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1111M11

Organizacion de las Naciones Unidaspara la Education, la Ciencia y la Cultura

LTA

Marco de accion parala educacion en valoresen la primera infancia

I

Decada Internacional para una Cultura de Pazy Noviolencia para. (cIs nOfios ¢{e0 mundo

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Marco de accion para la educacionen valores en la primera infancia

Desarrollado enel Taller Internacional IntegraciOn de valores en los programas y servicios

de la primera infancia, organizado conjuntamente porla UNESCO y Living Values: an Educational Program.

(Paris, 20 a122 de noviembre 2000)

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(ED-2002/WS/32)

Publicado en los Talleres de la UNESCO.

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Marco de acciOn para la educacion en valores en Ia primera infancia

AntecedentesLos grupos representados en Ia reunion incluyeron: UNESCO, Institute InternacionalIQRA, OMEP Internacional, OMEP Francia, El Secretariado del Grupo consultive sobrecuidado y desarrollo infantil, la Oficina Regional de UNICEF para Ia CEE/CIS y elBaltic°, el Secretariado de Living Values International, Ia Fundacien Peter Hesse, elMinisterio de EducaciOn y Ciencia de Suecia, Ia Asociaci6n Mundial de EducadoresInfantiles, el IUFM de Grenoble, Crèche Petit a Petit, el Ministerio de Sanidad de Israel,el Centro Internacional Montessori, Ia Funded& de Ia Cumbre Mundial de la Mujer,Solidaridad de las Mujeres Arabes, el Sindicato de Ensefianza, Ia Asociaci6n LivingValues de Israel, Ia Asociacion Living Values de Kenia, el Institute de Educed& deMauricio, el Colegio Comunitario Americano de Beirut, el Colegio Americano de Kuwait,Ia Asociacion Mundial de Amigos de Ia Infancia (AMADE)

y acordaron trabajar sobre un marco conjunto de acci6n pa ra reforzar Ia conciencia de:Ia necesidad de un entorno de aprendizaje flexible, creative, comunicativo y deapoyo al nine pequefio,el impacto de un aprendizaje basado en valores y amigable hacia el nine, en elque cada nino pueda expresar sus habilidades creativas y corn unicativas,la importancia de rodear al nifio con valores humanos basicos desde una edadtemprana,las maneras de poner en practice metodos para Ia educed& temprana basadosen valores, para un mejor desarrollo social, emocional, academic° y espiritual delnifio pequefio.

I - Un marco de acciOn para Ia educaci6n en valores en Ia primerainfancia

zPor que se necesita un marco de acci6n?Durante Ia Conferencia General de Ia UNESCO de 1999, varies representantes deEstados Miembros expresaron su preocupacion por que los nines pequefios no recibenIa calidad apropiada de educacion, o no se les ha expuesto a ningiin tipo de educaciOn,o forman parte de comunidades en las que los valores mas importantes se estabanerosionando, y su deseo de encontrar maneras para reforzar esos valores. La UNESCOrecibe cada vez mas peticiones de Estados Miembros en relaciOn con el tema de Iaeducaci6n en valores para nines pequefios (dentro de marcos de referencia deeducaciOn formal o no formal, pero tambien para nitios de Ia calle, etc.). Trabajandosobre este tema, Ia Unidad de Primera Infancia y educacion Familiar inicio,conjuntamente con Living Values: Un Programa Educative, una iniciativa internacionalsobre "La infancia temprana y la educed& en valores" a principios del ario 2000. Esteinicio una discusion "internacional" (en ingles, frances y espanol, por correo electronic° yotros medios tradicionales) sobre el tema de Ia infancia temprana y Ia educacion envalores incluyendo, entre otros, la distribucion de un cuestionario a los coordinadores deLiving Values y educadores, Comisiones Nacionales de UNESCO y oficinas de campo yotros colaboradores de infancia temprana en distintas regiones del mundo, paraidentificar experiencias en esta area, pedir recom endaciones sobre formas de resultadosconcretos y practices sobre una discusion y consulta de este tipo y sugerir ideas quepudieran ayudar a preparar documentos (y su sitio web) para Estados Miembros,educadores, padres de familia, etc... sobre este tema.

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Responder a necesidades basicas:Resumiendo los resultados de las discusiones durante Ia reunion y declaracionesrecientes sobre las necesidades de los ninos pequefios, los siguientes hallazgosproporcionan una vision rapida de las necesidades que deberian tenerse en cuenta enun marco de accion para Ia educacion infantil basada en valores.

Llegar a los ninos pequenosEl Informe "Educacion para todos" afirma que de los mas de 800 millones de ninosmenores de seis atios de edad, menos un tercio se benefician de algiirl tipo deprogramas de educacion infantil. El reto es, por tanto, enorme, y se hace mas dificilpor las presiones demograficas, Ia creciente urbanizaciOn, Ia creciente pobreza yexclusion social, el aumento de los ninos no escolarizados, el alarmante avance delSIDA, el incremento de Ia violencia entre la juventud y el impacto de la globalizacionque estan experimentando Ia mayoria de los paises. Sin embargo, existen opcioneseficaces y de bajo costo para la educaciOn temprana, y estan adaptadas a lasnecesidades de los ninos, las condiciones de vida de las familias, las distintasculturas, valores y recursos de los paises. Su puesta en practica depende mas de lacreation de voluntad politica y social adecuada y de una cohesiOn entre los actoresen educaci6n que de ningun otro factor.

Las necesidades irreductibles de los ninos pequeriosEn su nuevo libro, "Las necesidades irreductibles de los ninos" los doctores T. BerryBrazelton y Stanley Greenspan afirman que todos los ninos pequetios tienen sietenecesidades irreductibles.1. Relaciones constantes de cuidado: Cada bebe necesita una relacion calida,

intima con un cuidador primario durante un period° de arms, no meses nisemanas. Esto es mas importante para el desarrollo emocional e intelectual que IaformaciOn cognitiva temprana o los juegos educativos. Si no hay esta relacion o sise interrumpe, el nifio puede desarrollar desordenes de razonamiento, motivationo relaciOn. Los bebes, ninos pequefios y ninos en edad preescolar necesitan estasinteracciones de cuidado durante la mayor parte del tiempo en que estandespiertos.

2. ProtecciOn fisica, seguridad y reglamentaciOn. Mientras estan en el utero, como ensu infancia, los ninos necesitan un entomb que les proporcione protecciOn deldeo fisico y psicologico, toxinas quimicas y exposition a la violencia.

3. Experiencias acordes a las diferencias individuales. Cada nifio tiene untemperamento anico. El adecuar las primeras experiencias a Ia naturalezaindividual del nitio evita problemas de aprendizaje y de conducta y permite al nitiodesarrollar su pleno pote ncial.

4. Experiencias apropiadas al nivel de desarrollo: Los ninos necesitan cuidadosadaptados a la etapa de desarrollo en que se encuentran. Las expectativas pocorealistas pued en obstaculizar el desarrollo del nitio.

5. Fijar limites, estructuras y expectativas: Los ninos necesitan estructura y disciplina.Necesitan disciplina que les conduzca a fijar interiormente sus propios limites,canalizar su agresividad y buscar la solution pacifica de los problemas. Paraalcanzar este objetivo, necesitan que los adultos empaticen con ellos a Ia vez queles fijan limites. Necesitan expectativas mas que etiquetas y adultos que crean ensu potencial pero que comprendan sus debilidades. Necesitan sistemas deincentivos, no mod elos de fracasos.

6. Comunidades y cultura estables y de apoyo: Para sentirse completos e integrados,los ninos necesitan crecer en una comunidad estable. Esto quiere decir, unacontinuidad de valores en la familia, grupo de amigos, religion y cultura, asi comouna exposici6n a la diversidad.

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7. Protecci6n del futuro: Responder a todas estas necesidades debe ser nuestraprincipal prioridad. Si fracasamos, pondremos en peligro el futuro de nuestros

La primera infancia y Ia educacion en valoresLas investigaciones confirman la importancia de los primeros afios para influir demanera positiva y de manera duradera en los ninos. Las orientaciones en valores delos ninos ya se han determinado para cuando alcanzan la edad escolar. Los primerospasos hacia una vida de actividades pacificas, no-violentas, de respeto por si mismoy los dernas y de aprecio a la diversidad se deben tomar durante la primera infancia,cuando los ninos empiezan a madurar y a construir sus marcos de referenciacognitivos y afectivos. La discusion sobre una posible educaci6n en valores para losninos pequefios se ha centrado alrededor de varios temas, por ejemplo:

respeto a si mismo y a los demas, apoyando la cooperaci6n y las habilidades pararesolver conflictos;aprecio a la diversidad , conciencia global y educaci6n mu lticultural;puesta en practica de la ConvenciOn de Derechos del Nino, como los valoresuniversalmente aceptados como esenciales para que los ninos puedan conseguirsu pleno potencial;el rol de Ia penetrante violencia cultural, incluyendo la television, cine y lasrepresentaciones dra maticas estimuladas por los juguetes;amor y respeto por la naturaleza;estimulacion de Ia imaginacion d el nifio a traves de la creatividad;establecer programas multiculturales que ayuden a los ninos pequenos a integrarel aprendizaje espiritual, religioso y secular, y a Ilenar la falta de experiencia quese encuentra a menudo en grupos multilinguisticos o multiculturales.

Elegir la opcion adecuadaLa Directora Ejecutiva de la UNICEF, Carol Bellamy, at declarar que "invertir en eldesarrollo y cuidado de nuestros ninos mas pequefios es Ia forma mas fundamentalde buen liderato" afirmaba que el mundo esta desperdiciando potencial humano aescala masiva al dejar a cientos de millones de los ciudadanos mas jovenes delmundo en la pobreza y abandonados en sus primeros afios de vida.El cuidado de la primera infancia es una inversion soli da. Por cads dOlar que se gastaen cuidado de la primera infancia, hay una recuperacion de $7.00 a traves de ahorrosen costos posteriores. Esta cifra se obtiene de estudios que demuestran que losninos que acuden a preescolar o a guarderia tienen menos posibilidades deenfermarse, repetir curso, abandon ar los estudios o necesitar servicioscompensatorios durante su vida escolar. Aun mas, al redistribuir el dinero dentro delos presupuestos, las naciones pueden crear programas que incluyan a susciudadanos mas jovenes sin tener que afiadir grandes sumas de dinero o vaciar suspresupuestos.

Existen tres grandes retos: la pobreza, los conflictos y el SIDA. Estas tres plagas sonlos retos mas grandes para el mundo y compiten por fondos con el cuidado infantil.En las naciones mas pobres, los escasos recursos se utilizan para pagar prestamos.Al invertir en maquinaria de guerra, muchos 'Daises roban comida, agua potable,cuidados sanitarios y escolarizacion a sus ciudadanos. Y en algunos [Daises,especialmente en el Africa sub-sahariana, Ia pandemia del SIDA ha agotado lospresupuestos de sanidad y ed ucaci6n.

"El estado de los ninos mas pequefios del mundo, ciudadanos con los mismosderechos que todos los dernas, no es todo lo bueno que deberia ser", concluyoBellamy. "Solo mejorara cuando cambiemos las prioridades actuates y aceptemosque el sentido economic°, social y politico que tiene el dar prioridad a los maspequefios del mundo." (Comunicado de Prensa de UNICEF, 12 de diciembre de2000)

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II - Guias de programa para un marco de accion para laeducacion en valores en Ia primera infancia

Las guias de programa a continuacion constituyen la base para el plan de accion delmarco de referencia y estan disenadas para que las utilicen organizaciones al planearsus propios programas o acciones de infancia tern prana basados en valores.

Propositos y objetivosEl propOsito general de esta iniciativa es el desarrollar un marco de referenciaarmonizado y comun para integrar los valores en los programas servicios de infanciatemprana al involucrar a diferentes grupos objetivos (incluyendo a los responsables deelaborar politicas, lideres comunitarios, formadores, cuidadores, familias, padres y

Los principales objetivos son:sugerir lineamientos para acciones concretas por parte de los Estados Miembros,educadores, familias y padres sobre el tema de los valores en Ia primera infancia.crear un entorno basado en los valores que contribuya al desarrollo fisico, socio-emocional y espiritual general de los ninos peq uerios.crear oportunidad es para que las instituciones y los individuos puedan discutir,aprender y Ilegar a una mejor comprension de las maneras en que se puedenintroducir, integrar y poner en practica los valores en los programas de primerainfancia.

Principios guia para la accionA la vez que reafirmamos la dignidad y el valor de cada individuo,

creemos que el cuidado y Ia educaci6n infantil temprana, en su sentido mas amplio,son parte de Ia educacion basica y son esenciales para que todos los ninos puedanmaximizar su potencial de aprendizaje,estamos de acuerdo en que un metodo basado en valores para el cuidado y eldesarrollo de todos los ninos es funda mental,buscamos un compromiso practico y cooperativo de todos los implicados paradesarrollar los siguientes principios para Ia accion:

1. Cada nirio deberia tener el derecho a cuidado y educacion temprano. Losprogramas de educacion temprana deben estar disponibles para todos los ninos.

2. Todos los programas para la primera infancia deben basarse en los valores deconfianza y respeto, la no-discriminacion y el derecho del nifio a crecer en unentorno de paz.

3. Se debe asegurar el mantenimiento de los programas de primera infancia a travesde:

la participacion de los educadores, padres, cuidadores y la comunidad;la formaci6n de la gente clave local, incluyendo los educadores;Ia construed& de sistemas de informaciOn entre educadores, padres ycuidadores para crear conciencia de las necesidades y derechos de los ninos,desarrollar habilidades preventivas y difundir esta informaci6n a traves de laradio o la television, segOn sea mas apropiado en cada pals;el acceso a programas modelo de calidad que se puedan difundir facilmente.

4. Se debe formar a los educadores para que creen entornos de aprendizaje basadosen valores, y favorables a los ninos. Entre los indicadores de este tipo de entornopodemos incluir:

Los adultos modelan los valores demostrando metodos pacificos,respetuosos y amables de comunicacion entre ninos y adultos.;

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Las interacciones con los ninos promueven los sentimientos de sentirseamados, valorados, respetados, comprendidos y seguros;A los ninos se les escucha y se reconocen sus esfuerzos y cualidadespositivos;Los educadores modelan la tolerancia y valoran a cada uno, apreciando lasdiferencias, diversidad y culturas distintas;Los limites y reglas estan claros han disciplina sin ira;Los errores se tratan como oportunidades de aprender.

5. A los ninos se les deberia educar sobre los valores proporcionandoles tiempo yactividades para que los exploren. Un curriculum de valores deberia permitir:

obtener una perspective de los valores universales (dignidad y respeto paracada uno);aprender sobre distintos valores a twos de definiciones, discusiones,demostraciones y relatos;comprender diferentes valores participando en juegos creativos y actividadesde expresion;disfrutar de los valores a traves de actividades divertidas, canciones, bailes ymovimiento;sentir los valores y cultivar el ser con los valores de paz, amor, y respeto atraves de actividades tranquilas;aprender habilidades psico-sociales basadas en valores y ponerlas en practicacon sus compafieros y adultos.

6. Se debe reconocer y apoyar la unidad familiar como la base del aprendizaje vital delnino, para toda su vida, a twos de:

educacion de calidad para los padres, sobre como ser padres, y a loscuidadores en un entorno de aprendizaje basado en valores, empezando,siempre que sea posible, en el primer embarazo;la exploracion de los padres de sus propios valores para ayudarles a modelarestos valores e inculcarlos en sus propios hijos. Esto se puede Ilevar a cabo engrupos de padres o a twos de los medios de comunicacion.

Elementos claveLos elementos clave de un marco para la accion en la infancia temprana y basado envalores incluyen un enfasis apropiado sobre:

desarrollo integrado de politica en la que un clima de cooperaci6n anima y apoyaa todas las partes involucradas a trabajar juntas;

el mantener la educacion en valores libre de cualquier posible abuso politico,religioso o social. La educacion en valores funciona mejor cuando se protegenlos derechos humanos y del nino;

una educacion en valores autentica, basada en Ia experiencia y centrada en elnino que intente incorporar el bienestar fisico, mental, social y espiritual;

educar y animar al nino a participar de los principios democraticos, Ia ciudadaniaresponsable y el servicio a Ia comunidad como principios clave en la adquisicione internalizaciOn de valores;

la promocion de relaciones dinamicas entre ninos y adultos, compartiendo,aprendiendo y creciendo juntos;

el que los educadores aprovechen cada oportunidad para dialogar con lospadres a traves del nino, dandose tiempo para observar y escuchar, encontrarsoluciones y perm aneciendo abiertos a sugerencias.

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III - Niveles de accion y estrategia para un marco de accion paraIa educacion en valores en fa primera infancia

Se sugirieron los siguientes cinco niveles de accion para facilitar la puesta en practicedel Marco de referencia para la accion:

Nivel personal: los adultos necesitan aprender a expresar sus sentimientos. Losnitios necesitan aprender a escuchar, modeler, reconocer la diversidad, a tenertiempo, disfrutar, jugar y sentir.

Nivel familiar: los padres necesitan que se les apoye, ayude y eduque.

Nivel escolar: los educadores necesitan que se les forme para que puedan tomaren cuenta las actitudes emocionales y afectivas.

Nivel comunitario: las comunidades necesitan tener, o crear, lugares o espaciosen los que los nitios se sientan bienvenidos y cuidados, incluyendo a los nitiosde la calle, nitios enfermos o huerfanos del SIDA.

Nivel estate!: los estados tienen la responsabilidad de poner en practice laConvencion de Derechos del Nino y de proporcionar educacion.

Se propuso el siguiente proceso:

Ejecutar acciones individuales de inm ediato en el ambito local.

Empezar a trabajar en el ambito comunitario, invitando a individuos a participar ysubiendo despues por los varios niveles de accion, construyendo redes yalianzas para facilitar el trabajo, articulando, en sefiando y clarificando.

Conseguir informaciOn para apoyar Ia difusiOn de acciones basadas en valoresen el ambito regional o uniendo esfuerzos nacionales, (a traves de asociacionesnacionales de maestros, de enfermeras, etc.)

Tomar en cuenta reuniones mundiales como la Sesion especial sobre el nitio deseptiembre de 2001. Cooperar con los gobiernos para contribuir a la reflexionsot.e las acciones dentro de un marco basado en valores para la educaci6n ycuidado de is infancia temprana

Mundial >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>» A (cooperaciOn entre paises,regiones, etc. )

Nacional >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> (cooperacion entre agenciasgubernamentales y otras)

Regional >>>>>>>>>>>>>> (cooperaciOn entre un numerode gobiernos o autoridadeslocales)

Gobierno local >>>>>>>> (ciudades, municipios, pueblos,etc.)

Comunidad >>>>>>> (centros corn unitarios, lideres,voluntarios, empresas, etc.)

Individual >>>>>>>> (adultos, nitios, cuidado res,educadores, cualquier interesadoen participar)

Es importante definir un marco de accion a cada nivel para crear una relacion o una redpara trabajar en un programa conjunto. Si vemos a cada nivel, la oportunidad de Ilegar alos nitios pequenos, a traves de educadores (cuidadores, educadores infantiles,enfermeras, padres, etc.) y los vemos a ellos como modelos potenciales, necesitamosdarles herramientas y formaciOn en la educaci6n en valores. Esta conciencia ayudara acambiar su vision sobre ellos mismos y sobre los nitios pequefios: necesitamos ayudar a

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los nitios a aprender a ser y aprender a vivir juntos, pero para hacer esto, tenemos quevivir ese concepto nosotros mismos.Tras definir un conjunto de prop6sitos y objetivos es necesario disefiar una estrategiaclara, puesto que un programa para ninos pequenos debe ser multidimensional. Debeintentar combinar diferentes esferas de actividades en un esfuerzo comun paradesarrollar esfuerzos combinados, para dirigirse hacia una vision global, basada en lasnecesidades de los nitios pequefios, sus padres y sus educadores y para Ilegar a unprograma mas amplio y multifacetico. El animar a la colaboracion multisectorial yconectar programas continuos puede ayudar a introducir un metodo basado en valorescomo una nueva forma natural para una vida mejor para todos los que tienen algo quever con los nitios pequetios.Dependiendo de las condiciones locales, distintas oportunidades ayudaran a abrirposibilidades de introducir los metodos basados en valores para los nitios pequenos entoda la comunidad. Por ejemplo, muchos 'Daises cuentan con centros de salud familiaroperados por el Ministerio de Sanidad o por otras instituciones. Generalmente, haygrupos de padres en estos centros, y estos se pueden redisefiar para convertirlos entalleres y sesiones de formacion basados en valores, para Ia educacion de padres y deIa familia. Otro ejemplo son los programas de educacion temprana (jardin de infancia,preescolar, etc.) que pueden empezar a incluir una introduccion a los valores en lasactividades diarias con los pro fesores, ayudantes, padres y ninos.Un valor importante para it hacia delante seria el establecimiento de un Comite para Iainfancia temprana en cada comunidad y constituido por representantes de educadoresinfantiles, de padres de estos nifios, de la comunidad local (municipio, barrio, etc.) delMinisterio de EducaciOn en el area, de enfermeras, paraprofesiona les, ONG's, el sectorprivado, etc. Este comite, formado por diferentes sectores y disciplinas, puede ayudar aplanear y poner en practica trabajo en comOn que puede Ilevar, pasado un tiempo, a unaplataforma mas armoniosa a favor de los n Mos pequenos.

IV - Plan de accion para el marco de acci6n para Ia educacion envalores en Ia primera infancia

Este marco de referencia se centra en siete areas de programa para su puesta enpractica. Cada una cubre un numero de acciones. La construcci6n del marco requiere ydepende del desarrollo, promociOn y supervisiOn conjuntos. Se sugieren variosmecanismos para Ia puesta en practica y para conseguir avances en cada area deprograma. Estos se refinaran y modificaran segun cada organizaciOn vaya planificandosus propios mecanismos y esfuerzos.

Siete areas de programaLa construed& del marco de referencia requiere el desarrollo de siete areas deprograma, que representan las diferentes maneras en que creamos, construimos,apoyamos y expandimos Ia introduccion, integracion y puesta en practica de losmetodos basados en valores en la infancia temprana.

1. Llevar a cabo actividades de dialog° y concienciacion, incluyendo

Hacer Ilamamientos a los politicos a traves de la persuasi6n amable. El los sabenlo que no esta funcionando. Nosotros debemos proporcionarles opciones claras.Organizar reuniones entre representantes de diferentes opciones educativas.Incrementar Ia conciencia del public° sobre el consumo de ciertos productos, eltrabajo y la explotacion infantil.Utilizar las redes de la UNESCO, UNICEF y Educacion Internacional para IadifusiOn de informacion sobre estos temas, en particular en el marco dereferencia de la Decade Internacional para la cultura de paz y no-violencia paralos nifios del mundo (2001-2010).

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Incrementar los sistemas de informaciOn para educadores, padres y cuidadores,desarrollando notas informativas de facil comprensi6n sobre temas tales comolas etapas del desarrollo infantil, la conciencia sobre los valores y habilidadespara padres, escribiendolas de tal manera que se puedan utilizar con facilidad enlos medios de corn unicacion o en boletines de los centros escolares.Desarrollar una mayor conciencia de Ia necesidad de los ninos de amor yprotecciOn y de los derechos del nifio, creando y difundiendo materiales sobre eltema.Celebrar eventos nacionales e inte rnacionales con actividades en valores.Utilizar herramientas multimedia e Internet para:

crear enlaces reciprocos entre organizaciones representadas en este tallerpara aumentar Ia inform acion sobre recursos y practicas positivas.crear un sitio web con actividades de diferentes programas, recursos yenlaces y que sirva como depOsito de historias en valores de y para distintasculturas.expandir el sitio web "los ninos participan" del Programa Living Values paraque los ninos puedan compartir lo que estan haciendo en su trabajo envalores en cualquier programa.

2. Desarrollar y ofrecer formacion, incluyendo

Proporcionar formacion de calidad a personas locales clave, como educadores,padres y empresarios para asegurar el sustento de programas de calidad paraninos pequefios. Esto podria incluir los siguientes elemento s:

Crear un sentido personalizado de la importancia de los metodos basadosen valores y centrados en los ninos y un sentido de Ia propiedad at hacerque personas clave participen en actividades en valores en Ia que ellosmismos generen una atmosfera basada en valores y ofrezcan sus puntos devista sobre las necesidades de los ninos.Continuar involucrando a los lideres locales en sesiones en las que ellosgeneren ideas para Ia cooperaciOn en Ia creaciOn de recursos comunitariossaludables para los ninos y sus familias.Fomentar Ia conciencia de Ia comunidad sobre Ia importancia de lasnecesidades y derechos de los ninos y la necesidad de apoyar medidaspreventivas a traves de los medios de comunicacion.

Formar a los educadores locales para que comprendan y usen programaseducativos modelo, centrados en el nifio y basados en valores. Esto incluiria lossiguientes elementos:

Incluir algunos educadores locales que sean profesionales y que puedanayudar a formar a otros educadores, formar a lideres de grupos de padres einteractuen con la comunidad local.

> Formar de tal manera que los educadores experimenten el tipo de entombque deben de proporcionar a los ninos, es decir que estudien no solo elcontenido sino tam bien el proceso.

> Animar a estos educadores a incluir elementos de su propia cultura y de lasculturas de su area.

> Desarrollar sitios modelo en los que otras personas que esten trabajandocon ninos de 0 a 8 afios puedan venir a observar.

3. Mejorar la prevencion y la proteccion, incluyendo

Crear un entorno seguro para los ninos. Las estadisticas nos dicen que lasheridas son la primera causa de patologias y mortalidad en los ninos entre 0 a 17afios en especial para los ninos de entre 0 y 4. Lo mas sorprendente es que el95% de estas heridas se pueden prevenir, mediante educacion y en entornosseguros.

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Proporcionar mecanismos de seguridad a todas las instituciones formates paraninos (como guarderias, centros de salud, clinicas, escuelas infantiles, colegios,etc.).Apoyar y desarrollar, a nivel nacional, programas de promoci6n de la seguridaden el entorno de los nitios (hogares, jardines, calles, etc.). Debe incluirprogramas educativos para padres, educadores, trabajadores sanitarios, etc.,anuncios en los medios de comunicaciOn y la reduccion de los precios de losmecanismos de seguridad que se usan en los hogares, jardines, coches ybicicletas.

4. Crear apoyo y defensa a traves de los medios de comunicacion, incluyendo

Crear una conciencia entre Ia gente de los medios de comunicacion de queconsciente o inconscientemente, ellos transmiten valores "no muy amigables" alos nifios pequetios siempre hay noticias sobre nifios pequenos en -casos deabuso o muertes violentas pero nunca en situaciones normales de la vidacotidiana.Animar al use de mensajes basados en valores a traves de los medios decomunicacion. Preparar los principios de accion o recomendaciones concretaspara programas basados en valores para la infancia temprana para que losprofesionales de los medios de comunicacion los pueda n utilizar facilmente.Asegurarse de que se conoce y se pone en practica la Carta de la Televisionpara Ninos. Esta carta hace enfasis en el derecho de los nifios a recibirprogramas de calidad y a ver y expresarse, su cultura, su idioma y susexperiencias vitales a traves de los medios de comunicacion.Explorar las necesidades de los publicos jOvenes y promover una variedad deiniciativas, vitales para asegurar el derecho de los nitios a medios decomunicaciOn de calidad.Analizar los effectos de Ia mundializaciOn en los medios destinados a los nifios ysolicitar una reglamentacion que prohiba los programas violentos en los horas enlas cuales ellos pueden m irar la televisiOn.Animar a Ia creacion de canales nacionales de television y/o de programas sobrecomo ser padres, el cuidado de los nitios, proporcionando experiencias deeducadores, padres, etc.

5. Movilizar e involucrar al sector privado y las empresas, incluyendo

Identificar las posibilidades de utilizar el Global Compact (preparado por laSecretaria General de Naciones Unidas) can la comunidad empresarial paraestablecer relaciones de cooperaci6n entre el sector privado y la educaci6ninfantil y en valores.Animar a empresas a proporcionar programas de educacion infantil a susempleados, contratando a educadores infantiles. Por ejemplo, un educadorMontessori podria ensetiar a nitios en Ia matiana y por Ia tarde trabajar conpadres, dandoles formacion y aconsejandoles en temas de infancia temprana.Animar al sector privado a involucrarse en iniciativas para combatir la exclusionsocial y la pobreza.Crear conciencia entre las empresas de los beneficios que conlleva el invertir enesfuerzos de desarrollo infantil temprano, en especial iniciativas con la primerainfancia:

permitir a las empresas competir por, y retener a, los mejores trabajadores.Los empleados que tienen acceso a servicios de apoyo a la familia tienden aquedarse en el empleo y muestran mas iniciativa que los trabajadores queno tienen acceso a estos servicios.aumentar la productividad y reducir el cam bio de empleados y el ausentismo.invertir en la formacion de una fuerza de trabajo mejor preparada en elfuturo. Al asegurarse de que los nifios reciben un cuidado de calidad en sus

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primeros anos, las empresas ayudan a preparar mejor a Ia fuerza de trabajodel manana.

6. ldentificar, utilizar y construir sobre redes, relaciones y grupos de afinidad,incluyendo

Establecer relaciones para Winos, animando a participar a cada miembro de Iasociedad a distintos niveles: padres, familias, maestros, enfermeras, politicos,educadores, a unir esfuerzos para conseguir un mejor desarrollo del nino.Compartir perspectivas y aprendizaje mutuo que pueda utilizarse para mejorar ycomplementar las relaciones.Trabajar en cooperacion con grupos afines para conseguir difusi6n, impacto,consenso y hacer causa comun en problemas relacionados: derechos del nino,de la mujer, medio ambiente, y otros.Desarrollar relaciones especiales para cada tipo de problema, orientadas a Iaaccion, y utilizarlas para vincular temas a otros movimientos, y para difundir losproblemas de la primera infancia entre los problem as publicos actuales.

7. Evaluar la efectividad y supervisar el progreso, incluyendo

Llamar Ia atencion de los profesionales que trabajan en colaboraciOn conproveedores de programas y participantes para Ilevar a cabo evaluaciones deprograma apropiad as.Evaluar regularmente el programa utilizando criterios que tengan en cuenta lascontribuciones globales y la relevancia del programa para cada nino y Iasociedad; esto incluye la evaluaciOn completa y continua de los logrosconseguidos por el progra ma en terminos de estandares de calidad en el cuidadoy educacion de los ninos pequetios en el ambito local, regional, nacional einternacional.Adoptar un ciclo de reflexiOn y practicas de evaluacion, por ejemplo, planear,Ilevar a cabo, revisar de acuerdo al caracter distintivo y compromiso de laescuela.Utilizar indicadores de calidad de aprendizaje basados en valores (ver un posiblemodelo en el anexo 1).Seleccionar un nOrnero reducido de indicadores a la vez (por ejemplo, 3) unopara planificacion, otro para Ilevar a cabo y otro para revisar administrados ydiseriados de acue rdo a las propias necesidade s.Establecer procesos para determinar las expectativas de la comunidad ylineamientos para programas y servicios de calidad, para el dialog° comunitario yel debate sobre corm se estan atendiendo las necesidades de los ninos.

V - Pasos siguientes: hacia Ia puesta en practica de entornos deaprendizaje amigables para el nino

No hay nada que pueda detenernos si queremos cambiar el aprendizaje de losninos. Juntos podemos ayudar a los ninos a conocer, hacer, ser, pertenecer ydar amor. Juntos podemos ayudar a los ninos a ser ellos mismos, a conocerse,a encontrar el sentido de su propio m undo, y del que les rodea, a ayudar a otrosy a cuidar de su propio entorno. (Peter Williams, Kuwait American School)

El marco de referencia se difundira ampliamente para recibir comentarios, anadidos yapoyo. El marco se ubicara bajo el paraguas de Ia Decada Internacional para unaCultura de Paz y no-violencia para los ninos del mundo, que ofrece un buen marco dereferencia para cualquier trabajo relacionad o con ninos y valores.

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Se sugirieron varios posibles "compromisos" (entendiendo que cada organizaciondebe definir su propia pa rticipaciOn en esta iniciativa conjunta).

participar en una discusion por correo electrOnico, correo o fax sobre laeducacion en valores y Ia infancia temprana;participar en un esfuerzo de compilacion de recursos para preparar un LibroGuia que incluya informacion para colgar en Ia red;encontrar maneras en las que cada organizacion pueda contribuir al procesoregional y compartir Ia informacion sobre esta iniciativa con la mayoraudiencia posible;encontrar maneras en las que cada organizacion pueda contribuirfinancieramente al proceso de apoyo a las iniciativas basadas en valorespara la infancia temprana;conseguir Ia contribucion y participacion de otras organizaciones en estainiciativa.

identificar maneras de contribuir al Marco de Referencia e invitar a otros aparticipar.Cada organizaciOn debe identificar sus propios objetivos, recursos e interes en esteproceso conjunto. Segim vayan identificando las organizaciones el modo en quepueden contribuir, estos esfuerzos se Iran coordinando por UNESCO y LVEP, quepueden buscar maneras de coordinar la colaboracion a niveles regionales einternacionales. Se convocaran reuniones regionales para iniciar el intercambio deinformaci6n y conocimientos sobre el tema de valores y los ninos pequenos.Se hicieron varias sugerencias y posibles ofertas para avanzar las discusionessurgidas durante el Taller Internacional e involucrar a otras organizaciones y variassubregiones, que tendran que estudiarse en los proximos meses. Estas reunionespueden ayudar a alcanzar a otras organizaciones que no han participado hastaahora, invitandolas a contribuir y participar e informandolas de la evolucion de esteMarco. La UNESCO dare a conocer y promovera este Marco como una herramientade movilizacion para la educaciOn temprana basada en valores en los EstadosMiembros.

Compilar un Libro Guia:Para poder ilustrar como se puede integrar los valores en los programas y serviciosde infancia temprana, se disefiara y compilara un libro de recursos de dos partes enel que se mostraran experiencias y corm funcionan en diferentes comunidades,regiones y paises. Esto se hare a traves de contactos con colegas y compafierosalrededor del mundo, que esten trabajando en una variedad de contextos y culturaspara compartir formas faciles de utilizar los valores en Ia infancia temprana.Una parte del Libro Guia mostraria, paso a paso, claramente y en terminos simples,una variedad de maneras de empezar y utilizar la educaciOn en valores para ninospequefios en diferentes contextos y con una variedad de colaboradores. De estemodo, alguien que desee iniciar un programa como este, sin saber que hacer, podriaencontrar los conceptos bAsicos necesarios para su trabajo. La otra parte del Libroguia ilustraria estos metodos paso a paso, relatando historias de experiencias quehan tenido exito en diversas comunidades y paises.

Desarrollar materiales y modulos de formacion para ninos en situaciones deriesgo:En respuesta al creciente numero de ninos pequenos en situaciones de riesgo y deninos pequefios afectados por la extension del SIDA y del creciente numero de ninosde la calle, Living Values, en cooperaciOn con la UNESCO y con otros colaboradores,diserlara durante el afio 2001 los borradores de materiales y modulos que se puedanusar con ninos pequefios de Ia calle y los que trabajan con ellos y tambien paratrabajar con ninos pequenos afectados por el SIDA.

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Acciones inmediatas

Mensaje a los Jefes de Estado del G8

Los representantes de Instituciones y Organizaciones de Desarrollo Infantiltemprano de 22 paises se reunieron del 20 al 22 de noviembre de 2000 en elTaller Internacional "La integracion de valores en los ,programas y serviciospara la infancia temprana" invitados por Ia UNESCO y el ProgramaEducativo Living Values, solemnemente solicitan a los Jefes de Estado delG8 que se reunieron anteriormente en Okinawa, Japan y que promovieron laTecnologia de Ia Informacion Global, que den igual enfasis a Ia precondicionglobal de todo desarrollo humano Aprendizaje de calidad tremprano ybasico para aceptar los valores de vida, actitudes positivas y habilidades devida basicas a una edad en Ia que los ninos aprenden mas y mejor.La evidencia cientifica indica claramente que los valores clave, las actitudesbasicas y las habilidades para resolver problemas se desarrollan antes de Iaedad escolar.Esta oportunidad para el desarrollo humano no debe perderse.El desarrollo infantil temprano y el aprendizaje basico de calidad a escalaglobal contribuirian significativamente a reducir la "division digital".

adoptado el 22 de noviembre de 2000 (Paris, Francia)

Recomendaciones a la UNESCO

Los participantes en el Taller estan de acuerdo en hacer las siguientesrecomendaciones a Ia UNESCO:

La educacion temprana forma parte esencial de la educacion basica.Consecuentemente, se le debe dar alta prioridad en los prOximosprogramas y presupuestos de la UNESCO y en su proximo Plan a MedioPlazo.Se deberia utilizar una proporcion significativa de los fondosextraordinarios de los companeros de Ia UNESCO para apoyarprogramas de ayuda destinados a los ninos pequenos en situaciones dedesastre.Se deben convocar otros talleres sobre educacion temprana y educacionen valores, para trabajar sobre temas especificos. Estas actividadesilustrarian Ia vocacion de Ia UNESCO en:- Preservar la diversidad a la vez que se subrayan los valores

universales;- Facilitar el intercambio de informaciOn y experiencias;- Promover Ia etica en Ia que se basa la accion de la UNESCO.

************

Mayor informacion:

ECF EducaciOn en Valores, Unidad Primera Infancia y Educacion FamiliarUNESCO, ED/BAS/ECF,7 Place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, FranciaTel: 33-1-45.68.08.12 Fax: 33-1-45.68.56.27/28Internet: http ://www.unesco.org/education/educprog/ecf/index.htm

************

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Anexo 1: Un ejemplo de indicadores de Ia calidad del aprendizaje que se basan en valores

Esta es una breve presentacion de 33 indicadores de la calidad del aprendizaje que se basa envalores que representan Ia practice y los objetivos de la Escuela Americana del Kuwait. Se repartenen tres grupos : prevision, acciOn, revision. Es posible medir cada indicador. Uno reune y verifica loselementos de calidad et de cantidad. Un esquema en forma de cuadro permite ilustrar losindicadores de manera practice. Este es uno de los numerosos modelos que se utilizan en elmundo. Este concebido para adaptarse a la culture y al contexto local.

Prevision - Intensiones/Planificacion

QBVL 1 Educacion global del nino : aspectos fisicos, afectivos, intelectuales, espirituales, sociales, culturales

QBVL 2 Aprendizaje global y completo: adoptar diferentes metodos del aprendizaje

QBVL 3 Promover el bienestar del nido

QBVL 4 Programas escolares amplios y equilibrados accesibles tambien a cada nino

QBVL 5 Programas de auto-aprendizaje y metodos de evaluaciOn estructurados

QBVL 6 El educador en el centro del proceso del aprendizaje y de Ia adquisicion

Accion Disposicion v practicos

QVBL 7 La contribucion Unica de cada nino y cada adulto

QBVL 8 Ensenanza y aprendizaje en el centro del proceso educativo

QBVL 9 Aprendizaje activo, juegos y descubiertos guiados

QBVL 10 Atmasfera del aprendizaje de multiple dimension

QBVL 11 Metodos del aprendizaje audiovisuales y que hacen los movimientos

QBVL 12 Desarrollo del aprendizaje fundado sobre el lenguaje

QBVL 13 El amor, la paz y la felicidad en clase

QBVL 14 Adoptar mejores practicas universales en el contexto local

QBVL 15 Forjar el caracter y desarrollar el espiritu

QBVL 16 EducaciOn de seres humanos responsables a nivel individual y mundial

QBVL 17 Educacion integrada, apoyo para cada nido

QBVL 18 Comunicaciones regulares a los ninos y sus padres sobre el proceso del aprendizaje

Comunicar y trabajar tanto con los padres que con otras personas a todos los niveles para ayudarQBVL 19 los nidos y sus familias

QBVL 20 Establecer companeros activos con la sociedad en los alrededores

Dar los medios a los decidores a fin de probar su creatividad y darles cuenta del caracter tinico deQBVL 21cada situacion

QBVL 22 Equipar las escuelas para satisfacer sus necesidades

QBVL 23 Invertir en la formacion inicial y continua de los docentes

QBVL 24 Poner en practicar lo que dice

QBVL 25 Comprender que los mismas valores se comparten

Revision El ciclo de meiora de la escuela

QBVL 26 Instalar sistemas autopilotos con el fin de mejorar y evaluar Ia escuela

QBVL 27 Establecer normas y criterios accesibles a todos los nidos

QBVL 28 Incorporar los intereses superiores de los ninos en todas acciones

QBVL 29 Definir las misiones de la escuela y examinar de nuevo los valores y practicas de trabajo

QBVL 30 La escuela y el medio ambiente del aprendizaje deben estar adaptados a los niftos

QBVL 31 Demostrar que la escuela vive sus valores

QBVL 32 Objetivos minimo, medio y maximo en los planes de acciOn a corto, mediano y largo plazo

QBVL 33 Seguimiento y evaluacion de manera regular

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ECF Values Education, Early Childhood and Family Education UnitUNESCO, ED/BAS/ECF, 7 Place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, FranceTel: 33-1-45.68.08.12 Fax: 33-1-45.68.56.27/28Internet: http ://www.unesco.org/education/educprog/ecf/index.htm

************

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