respiratory system - flipped out science with mrs. · pdf file ·...
TRANSCRIPT
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Respiratory System
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Video
•Respiration System
• You will the outline notes to record information from the power point notes.
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Functions of the Respiratory System
• Supplies oxygen to the blood
• Removes carbon dioxide from the blood
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Functions of the Respiratory System
• Breathing – the physical process of moving air
into and out of the lungs
• Exchange of gases, specifically oxygen (in)and
carbon dioxide (out)
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What happens when you breathe?
• When you inhale, air is drawn into the lungs. This oxygen then moves into the blood from the lungs.
• The oxygen rich blood travels throughout the body.
• Oxygen leaves the capillaries and enters each cell.
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What happens when you breathe?
• When you exhale, carbon dioxide is released. CO2 is a waste product of cellular respiration and the body needs to get rid of it.
• CO2 moves from cells in the body to capillaries where it is carried in the blood all the way to the lungs. Then it is exhaled through the lungs.
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What is respiration then?
• Respiration – chemical process of
releasing energy from glucose in the cells.
• There are 2 types:
• Aerobic – needs oxygen and releases
energy
• Anaerobic – does NOT need oxygen, and
releases far less energy
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Aerobic vs. Anaerobic
• Make this chart in your notes:
Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration
1 Uses oxygen 1 Doesn’t use oxygen
2 Involves the exchange of gases between organism and its environment
2 Doesn’t involve gas exchange
3 Make a LOT of energy (in the form of ATP)
3 Makes less energy
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FIND THIS PAGE:
• FILL IT OUT, BOTH
THE DIAGRAM
LABELS AND THE
CHART WITH
STRUCTURE NAME
AND FUNCTION – AS
WE GO THROUGH
THE NOTES
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Structures (Organs) of the
Respiratory System
• Nose - Nasal
cavity (1) = air is
cleaned, warmed,
and moistened
• Mouth (2) -
air enters through the
mouth, as well as the
nostrils
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Structures/organs of the
Respiratory System
•Throat
• Pharynx (3) =
passageway for both
food and air
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Structures/organs of the
Respiratory System
• Throat -• Epiglottis (4) = flap that
closes over the larynx. The epiglottis is a flap of tissue. Its main function is to close over the windpipe (trachea) while you're eating to prevent food from entering your airways.
• larynx (5) - is the top part of the trachea
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Structures/organs of the
Respiratory System
• Throat
• Larynx = air only;
vocal chords are
attached here. Purpose is to make sound, your voice!
Vocal chord video:
How the larynx works
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Structures/organs of the
Respiratory System
•Trachea – (6)• Trachea (windpipe)
c-shaped rings of
cartilage keep it
open all the time
Function - connects the larynx to the bronchi and allows air to pass through the neck and into the thorax.
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Structures/organs of the Respiratory
System
Lungs (7)
In the lungs, the oxygen is moved into the bloodstream and carried through the body.
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Structures/Organs of the
Respiratory System
In the lungs:
• (8) Bronchi = 2 small
branches at end of
trachea
Their function is to carry air
into lungs
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Structures/Organs of the
Respiratory System
Lungs
• (9) Bronchioles =
smaller branches
off of bronchi
Function - Bronchioles are tiny airways that carry oxygen to alveoli, or air sacs, in the lungs
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Organs of the Respiratory
System
Lungs - (10)Alveoli
• Alveoli = tiny, grape-
like sacs at the end
of bronchioles;
surrounded by
capillaries
Their function is to allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream
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Organs of the Respiratory
System
Diaphragm (11)
(muscle below the
lungs that helps
air move in and out of the body)
When you breathe in, the diaphragm contracts downward, creating a
vacuum that causes a rush of fresh air into the lungs.
The opposite occurs with exhalation, where the diaphragm relaxes
upwards, pushing on the lungs, allowing them to deflate.
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Capillaries (not on your page, write the next few
slides on that first note page in your journal)
• Capillaries are the smallest of the body's blood vessels.
• They are only one cell thick, and they transfer oxygen and other nutrients from the bloodstream to other tissues in the body; they also collect carbon dioxide waste materials and fluids for return to the veins.
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Gas Exchange in the Lungs
• Takes place between alveoli and capillaries
INHALE
oxygen enters body
into alveoli
into capillaries
into blood
to body cells
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Gas Exchange in the Lungs
• Takes place between alveoli and capillaries
EXHALE
leaves body
into alveoli
into capillaries
into blood
CO2 from body cells
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Quick
check!
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What is the function of the
respiratory system?1. To provide oxygen & carbon dioxide to the body cells.
2. To provide carbon dioxide to body cells & remove oxygen.
3. To provide oxygen to body cells & remove carbon dioxide.
4. To remove oxygen & carbon dioxide from the body cells.
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Where does the exchange of
oxygen and carbon dioxide occur?
1. The heart
2. The alveoli
3. The pharynx
4. The body cells
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What carries the blood back to the
heart after it picks up oxygen from
the alveoli?1. Lungs
2. Aorta
3. Pulmonary
artery
4. Pulmonary vein
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What is this structure?
1. Diagram
2. Diagonal
3. Diaphoresis
4. Diaphragm
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What causes you to exhale?
1. Your lungs contract to squeeze the air out.
2. Your diaphragm moves up, pushing air out of the lungs.
3. Your ribs squeeze the air out of your lungs.
4. Your diaphragm moves down, letting air escape from your lungs.
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Notes
• Your notes should be complete
• Glue them in to your journal now
• Then make sure you have a computer and the HW assignment, “Body Smart Scavenger Hunt” – we can start on it now.
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• How breathing works: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-breathing-works-nirvair-kaur
• Crash Course Videos:
• Respiratory System 1 (9 min)
• Respiratory System 2 (10 min)