rirseuli samusaos ziebasi- migranti msromelebis …...uflebebis dacva da es gaxlavt kidev erti kargi...

Rirseuli samuSaos ZiebaSi-

migranti mSromelebis uflebebi:

saxelmZRvanelo profkavSiris

wevrebisTvis

InternationalLabourOrganization

mSromelTa

aqtivobebis

biuro

(ACTRAV)

mSromelTa

aqtivobebis

biuro

(ACTRAV)

ILO Decent Work Technical Support Team and Country Office for Eastern Europe and Central AsiaILO Decent Work Technical Support Team and Country Office for Eastern Europe and Central Asia

gamocemulia evrokavSiris

finansuri mxardaWeriT

winamdebare dokumenti gamocemulia evrokavSiris finansuri

mxardaWeriT. dokumentSi asaxuli Sexedulebebi ar unda iyos aRqmuli,

rogorc evrokavSiris oficialuri poziciis amsaxveli.

gamocemulia evrokavSiris

finansuri mxardaWeriT

winamdebare dokumenti gamocemulia evrokavSiris finansuri

mxardaWeriT. dokumentSi asaxuli Sexedulebebi ar unda iyos aRqmuli,

rogorc evrokavSiris oficialuri poziciis amsaxveli.

RER/08/05/EEC

migranti mSromelebis dacvis gaumjobeseba ruseTis federaciaSi da

migraciiT gamowveuli ganviTrebis efeqtis gaZliereba azerbaijanSi,

somxeTsa da saqarTveloSi.

RER/08/05/EEC

migranti mSromelebis dacvis gaumjobeseba ruseTis federaciaSi da

migraciiT gamowveuli ganviTrebis efeqtis gaZliereba azerbaijanSi,

somxeTsa da saqarTveloSi.



saxelmZRvanelo profkavSiris wevrebisTvis

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciaSromis saerTaSoriso organizacia

mSromelTa aqtivobebis biuro (ACTRAV)mSromelTa aqtivobebis biuro (ACTRAV)

ILO Decent Work Technical Support Team and Country Office for Eastern Europe and Central Asia

2010

ILO Decent Work Technical Support Team and Country Office for Eastern Europe and Central Asia

2010

saavtoro uflebebi Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia 2010 weli

pirvelad gamoica 2010 wels

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciiis gamocemebi sargeblobs saavtoro uflebebis

Sesaxeb universaluri konvenciis me-2 oqmiT gansazRvruli sagamomcemlo uflebebis

dacviT. miuxedavad amisa, wyaros miTiTebis SemTxvevaSi, gamocemebidan mokle

amonaridebis reproduqcia SesaZlebelia avtorizebis gareSe. reproduqcirebis an

Targmnis uflebis misaRebad msurvelebma unda mimarTon Sso-s publikaciebis biuros

- Sromis saerTaSoriso ofisi Jeneva 22,

Sveicaria, an el-fostiT Semdeg misamarTze: Sromis saerTaSoriso

ofisi miesalmeba msurvelebs.

biblioTekebs, dawesebulebebs da sxva momxmareblebs, romlebic registrirebuli

arian did britaneTSi saavtoro uflebebis salicenzio saagentoSi Semdeg

misamarTze: el-fosta

SeerTebul StatebSi saavtoro uflebebis gamcem centrSi,

el-fosta an sxva

qveynebSi sadac arsebobs reproduqciis uflebis mqone asocirebuli organizaciebi,

ufleba aqvT gadaiRon fotoaslebi am mizniT maTTvis gacemuli licenziebis

pirobebis Sesabamisad.



saxelmZRvanelo profkavSirebis wevrebisaTvis

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia, Sso, 2010

xelmisawvdomia aseve inglisur enaze:

Sso-s gamocemebSi gamoyenebuli aRniSvnebi,romlebic Seesabameba gaeros praqtikas,da

masTan dakavSirebuli masalebis prezentacia ar gamoxatavs Sromis saerTaSoriso

ofisis mosazrebas romelime qveynis, teritoriis an sivrcis an maTi institutebis

iuridiul statusTan,an maTi sazRvrebis delimitaciasTan dakavSirebiT.

xelmoweril statiebSi,kvlevebsa da sxva saxis naSromebSi gamoxatuli mosazrebebi

warmoadgens mxolod maT avtorTa pasuxismgeblobas. gamocemebSi maTi gamoyeneba ar

niSnavs Sso-s mier maTSi gadmocemuli mosazrebebis gaziarebas.

firmebis da komerciuli produqtebis da procesebis saxelebis moxsenieba ar

gulisxmobs Sso-s mier maT aRiarebas. romelime firmis, komerciuli produqtis an

procesis mouxseniebloba ar warmoadgens maTi upativcemulobis gamoxatulebas.

Sso-s gamocemebi xelmisawvdomia mravali qveynis umTavres wignebis maRaziebSi an

Sso-s adgilobriv ofisebSi. maTi gamowera aseve SesaZlebelia uSualod Sso-s

sagamomcemlo departamentidan - Sromis saerTaSoriso ofisi

Jeneva 22, Sveicaria. katalogebi da axali gamocemebis CamonaTvali xelmisawvdomia

ufasod zemoTaRniSnul misamarTze an el-fostiT:

ewvieT Cvens vebsaits

©

,.

,

ILO Publications (Rights and Permissions), CH-1211

[email protected]

90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP [fax: (+44) (0)20 7631 5500; :

[email protected]], 222 Rosewood

Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 [Fax: (+1) (978) 750 4470; : [email protected]]

ILO Publications, CH-1211

[email protected].

: www.ilo.org/publns

ISBN 978-92-2- -6 (print)ISBN 978-92-2- -3 (web pdf)

824142824143

International Labour Office. - Geneva: ILO, 2008.

ISBN 978-92-2-121692-6 (print)

In search of Decent Work -Migrant workers’ rights:A manual for trade unionists

fotokompozicia ganxorcielebulia SveicariaSi

dabeWdilia Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis mier saqarTveloSi

SCR

ATA

ISBN 978-92-2-121693-3 (web pdf)

saavtoro uflebebi Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia 2010 weli

pirvelad gamoica 2010 wels

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciiis gamocemebi sargeblobs saavtoro uflebebis

Sesaxeb universaluri konvenciis me-2 oqmiT gansazRvruli sagamomcemlo uflebebis

dacviT. miuxedavad amisa, wyaros miTiTebis SemTxvevaSi, gamocemebidan mokle

amonaridebis reproduqcia SesaZlebelia avtorizebis gareSe. reproduqcirebis an

Targmnis uflebis misaRebad msurvelebma unda mimarTon Sso-s publikaciebis biuros

- Sromis saerTaSoriso ofisi Jeneva 22,

Sveicaria, an el-fostiT Semdeg misamarTze: Sromis saerTaSoriso

ofisi miesalmeba msurvelebs.

biblioTekebs, dawesebulebebs da sxva momxmareblebs, romlebic registrirebuli

arian did britaneTSi saavtoro uflebebis salicenzio saagentoSi Semdeg

misamarTze: el-fosta

SeerTebul StatebSi saavtoro uflebebis gamcem centrSi,

el-fosta an sxva

qveynebSi sadac arsebobs reproduqciis uflebis mqone asocirebuli organizaciebi,

ufleba aqvT gadaiRon fotoaslebi am mizniT maTTvis gacemuli licenziebis

pirobebis Sesabamisad.



saxelmZRvanelo profkavSirebis wevrebisaTvis

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia, Sso, 2010

xelmisawvdomia aseve inglisur enaze:

Sso-s gamocemebSi gamoyenebuli aRniSvnebi,romlebic Seesabameba gaeros praqtikas,da

masTan dakavSirebuli masalebis prezentacia ar gamoxatavs Sromis saerTaSoriso

ofisis mosazrebas romelime qveynis, teritoriis an sivrcis an maTi institutebis

iuridiul statusTan,an maTi sazRvrebis delimitaciasTan dakavSirebiT.

xelmoweril statiebSi,kvlevebsa da sxva saxis naSromebSi gamoxatuli mosazrebebi

warmoadgens mxolod maT avtorTa pasuxismgeblobas. gamocemebSi maTi gamoyeneba ar

niSnavs Sso-s mier maTSi gadmocemuli mosazrebebis gaziarebas.

firmebis da komerciuli produqtebis da procesebis saxelebis moxsenieba ar

gulisxmobs Sso-s mier maT aRiarebas. romelime firmis, komerciuli produqtis an

procesis mouxseniebloba ar warmoadgens maTi upativcemulobis gamoxatulebas.

Sso-s gamocemebi xelmisawvdomia mravali qveynis umTavres wignebis maRaziebSi an

Sso-s adgilobriv ofisebSi. maTi gamowera aseve SesaZlebelia uSualod Sso-s

sagamomcemlo departamentidan - Sromis saerTaSoriso ofisi

Jeneva 22, Sveicaria. katalogebi da axali gamocemebis CamonaTvali xelmisawvdomia

ufasod zemoTaRniSnul misamarTze an el-fostiT:

ewvieT Cvens vebsaits

©

,.

,

ILO Publications (Rights and Permissions), CH-1211

[email protected]

90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP [fax: (+44) (0)20 7631 5500; :

[email protected]], 222 Rosewood

Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 [Fax: (+1) (978) 750 4470; : [email protected]]

ILO Publications, CH-1211

[email protected].

: www.ilo.org/publns

ISBN 978-92-2- -6 (print)ISBN 978-92-2- -3 (web pdf)

824142824143

International Labour Office. - Geneva: ILO, 2008.

ISBN 978-92-2-121692-6 (print)

In search of Decent Work -Migrant workers’ rights:A manual for trade unionists

ISBN 978-92-2-121693-3 (web pdf)

fotokompozicia ganxorcielebulia SveicariaSi

dabeWdilia Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis mier saqarTveloSi

SCR

ATA

s a r C e v i

ratom SeirCa es saxelmZRvanelo?

1-li Tavi: ratom gaxlavT SromiTi migracia profkavSirebis saqme?

me-2 Tavi: migranti mSromelebis samuSao da sacxovrebeli pirobebi

me-3 Tavi: faqtebi da cifrebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb

me-4 Tavi: migranti mSromelebi da globaluri ekonomika

me-5 Tavi: migranti mSromelebis uflebebi

----------------------------------------------------------------- 1

Sso-s mandati da migranti mSromelebi ----------------------------------------------- 2

am saxelmZRvanelos Sesaxeb ------------------------------------------------------------------ 4

----------------- 7

profkavSirebis amocana ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13

1-li Tavis SemecnebiTi savarjiSo --------------------------------------------------------- 17

------------------- 19

Sromis usafrTxoeba da jandacva ------------------------------------------------------ 20

gaerTianebis Tavisufleba ------------------------------------------------------------------- 21

diskriminacia ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22

adamianebis trefikingi ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 27

migracia,adamianebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvana Tu trefikingi?- 29

adamianebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvana ----------------------------------------- 29

me-2 Tavis SemecnebiTi savarjiSo ---------------------------------------------------------- 32

------------------------------ 33

saidan modian da sad midian migranti mSromelebi? ------------------------------ 35

procentulad migranti qalebis ricxvi izrdeba --------------------------------- 39

migranti mSromelebis sxvadasxva tipebi ---------------------------------------------- 42

ukanono Tu aramarTlzomieri? ------------------------------------------------------------- 44

SromiTi migraciis axali tendenciebi -------------------------------------------------- 45

miTebi SromiTi migraciis Sesaxeb --------------------------------------------------------- 46

miTi 1-li - migranti mSromelebi zedmeti tvirTia --------------------- 46

miTi me-2 - migranti mSromelebi samuSao adgilebs gvparaven ---- 46

miTi me-3 - “migranti mSromelebi iwveven xelfasebis Semcirebas ---- 47

me-3Tavis SemecnebiTi savarjiSo --------------------------------------------------- 49

---------------------------------- 51

SromiTi migraciis sikeTeebi ----------------------------------------------------------------- 52

mosaxleobis kleba: vakuumiis Sevseba ------------------------------------------------- 52

fuladi gzavnilebi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55

investiciebis transferi da unar-Cvevebi ---------------------------------------------- 57

mdidari qveynebis ekonomikuri zrdis xelSewyoba ------------------------------- 57

tvinebis gadineba ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58

me-4 Tavis SemecnebiTi savarjiSo --------------------------------------------------------- 61

------------------------------------------------------ 63

ras warmoadgens migranti mSromelebis uflebebze dafuZvnebuli

CarCo midgoma? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 64

saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi migranti mSromelebisTvis ------- 66

konvencia - dasaqmebisTvis (ganaxlebuli) (#97) ----------------------------------- 67

konvencia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb(damatebiTi debulebebi),

1975 (#143) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69

“ ”“ ”

”

“ ”

ratom SeirCa es saxelmZRvanelo?






----------------------------------------------------------------- 1

Sso-s mandati da migranti mSromelebi ----------------------------------------------- 2

am saxelmZRvanelos Sesaxeb ------------------------------------------------------------------ 4

----------------- 7

profkavSirebis amocana ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13

1-li Tavis SemecnebiTi savarjiSo --------------------------------------------------------- 17

------------------- 19

Sromis usafrTxoeba da jandacva ------------------------------------------------------ 20

gaerTianebis Tavisufleba ------------------------------------------------------------------- 21

diskriminacia ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22

adamianebis trefikingi ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 27

migracia,adamianebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvana Tu trefikingi?- 29

adamianebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvana ----------------------------------------- 29

me-2 Tavis SemecnebiTi savarjiSo ---------------------------------------------------------- 32

------------------------------ 33

saidan modian da sad midian migranti mSromelebi? ------------------------------ 35

procentulad migranti qalebis ricxvi izrdeba --------------------------------- 39

migranti mSromelebis sxvadasxva tipebi ---------------------------------------------- 42

ukanono Tu aramarTlzomieri? ------------------------------------------------------------- 44

SromiTi migraciis axali tendenciebi -------------------------------------------------- 45

miTebi SromiTi migraciis Sesaxeb --------------------------------------------------------- 46

miTi 1-li - migranti mSromelebi zedmeti tvirTia --------------------- 46

miTi me-2 - migranti mSromelebi samuSao adgilebs gvparaven ---- 46

miTi me-3 - “migranti mSromelebi iwveven xelfasebis Semcirebas ---- 47

me-3Tavis SemecnebiTi savarjiSo --------------------------------------------------- 49

---------------------------------- 51

SromiTi migraciis sikeTeebi ----------------------------------------------------------------- 52

mosaxleobis kleba: vakuumiis Sevseba ------------------------------------------------- 52

fuladi gzavnilebi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55

investiciebis transferi da unar-Cvevebi ---------------------------------------------- 57

mdidari qveynebis ekonomikuri zrdis xelSewyoba ------------------------------- 57

tvinebis gadineba ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58


------------------------------------------------------ 63

ras warmoadgens migranti mSromelebis uflebebze dafuZvnebuli

CarCo midgoma? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 64

saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi migranti mSromelebisTvis ------- 66

konvencia - dasaqmebisTvis (ganaxlebuli) (#97) ----------------------------------- 67

konvencia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb(damatebiTi debulebebi),

1975 (#143) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69

“ ”“ ”

”

“ ”

iii

iv

Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone migranti mSromelebis uflebebi ---- 70

Sso-s ZiriTadi SromiTi standartebi da sxva saerTaSoriso

SromiTi standartebi ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 74

sxva saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi -------------------------------------------- 76

gaero-s konvencia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb ------------------------------- 78

SromiTi kanonmdebloba ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 79

Sso-s standartebis gamoyeneba: profkavSirebis roli ------------------------ 82

Sso-s sazedamxedvelo funqciis mniSvneloba -------------------------------------- 85

ratifikaciis sasargeblod saagitacio kampaniis warmoeba ---------------- 89

me-5Tavis SemecnebiTi savarjiSo ----------------------------------------------------------- 93

------------------------------------------------------ 97

Sesavali ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 99

CarTuloba: profkavSirebi da migranti mSromelebi -------------------------- 102

globaluri profkavSirebis aqtivoba: ---------------------------------------- 102

globaluri profkavSirebis konfederaciebis aqtivoba ( ---------- 105

profkavSirebis strategiis oTxi RerZi ---------------------------------------------- 106

1-li RerZi: uflebebze dafuZnebuli migraciuli

politikis xelSowyoba ---------------------------------------------------------------- 106

me-2 RerZi: sxva qveynebSi moqmed profkavSirebTan aliansis

Camoyalibeba ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 110

me-3 RerZi: profkavSiris wevrebis ganaTleba da informirebu-

loba ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 111

me-4 RerZi: uSualo kontaqti migrant mSromelebTan ------------------ 113

migranti mSromelebis dacva ---------------------------------------------------------------- 120


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 131

------------ 133

me-6 Tavi: Semdeg ra: profkavSirebis roli

migraciis leqsikoni

migrant mSromelebze dawerili SerCeuli literatura da veb-gverdebi

ITUC

GUFs)

Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone migranti mSromelebis uflebebi ---- 70


SromiTi standartebi ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 74

sxva saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi -------------------------------------------- 76

gaero-s konvencia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb ------------------------------- 78

SromiTi kanonmdebloba ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 79

Sso-s standartebis gamoyeneba: profkavSirebis roli ------------------------ 82

Sso-s sazedamxedvelo funqciis mniSvneloba -------------------------------------- 85

ratifikaciis sasargeblod saagitacio kampaniis warmoeba ---------------- 89

me-5Tavis SemecnebiTi savarjiSo ----------------------------------------------------------- 93

------------------------------------------------------ 97

Sesavali ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 99

CarTuloba: profkavSirebi da migranti mSromelebi -------------------------- 102

globaluri profkavSirebis aqtivoba: ---------------------------------------- 102

globaluri profkavSirebis konfederaciebis aqtivoba ( ---------- 105

profkavSirebis strategiis oTxi RerZi ---------------------------------------------- 106

1-li RerZi: uflebebze dafuZnebuli migraciuli

politikis xelSowyoba ---------------------------------------------------------------- 106

me-2 RerZi: sxva qveynebSi moqmed profkavSirebTan aliansis

Camoyalibeba ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 110

me-3 RerZi: profkavSiris wevrebis ganaTleba da informirebu-

loba ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 111

me-4 RerZi: uSualo kontaqti migrant mSromelebTan ------------------ 113

migranti mSromelebis dacva ---------------------------------------------------------------- 120


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 131

------------ 133


migraciis leqsikoni

migrant mSromelebze dawerili SerCeuli literatura da veb-gverdebi

ITUC

GUFs)

v

Tu arsebobs dRevandel msoflioSi erTi globaluri sakiTxi mainc, romelic

moiTxovs socialur dialogs, migraciis sakiTxi swored aseTi sakiTxia. dRes,

SromiTi migracia moiTxovs socialur dialogs da xval kidev ufro

siRrmiseuli socialuri dialogi iqneba saWiro, imdenad ramdenadac

globalizaciis procesi marTavs adamianebs dRes, da momavalSic iqneba

warmarTveli. socialuri dialogi aucilebelia, raTa adamianebs mieceT

saSualeba awarmoon legitimuri swrafva sakuTari Tavis da ojaxebis

gadasarCenad da ukeTesi cxovrebis uzrunvelsayofad.

ratom saWiroebs migracia socialur dialogs? am kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad

aucilebelia pasuxi gavceT sxva or qve-kiTxvas: `aris migracia Sromis

uflebebTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxi?” da `ra roli unda iTamaSos

profkavSirebma?”.

modiT ganvixiloT pirveli kiTxva.

Tu adamiani gaecnoba am saxelmZRvaneloSi moyvanil informacias da Sromis

saerTaSoriso organizaciis da globaluri profkavSirebis mier gamoqveynebul

mecnierul naSromebs, is swrafad miva Semdeg daskvnamde: migranti mSromelebi

ganicdian aramarTlzomier siduxWires da Cagvras dabali xelfasebis, cudi

samuSao pirobebis, realuri socialuri dacvis meqanizmebis arqonis,

gaerTianebaze da mSromelTa uflebebze uaris Tqmis, diskriminaciis da

qsenofobiis, aseve socialuri gariyulobis gziT. Zalian xSirad, migrant

mSromelebs iyeneben (borotad),rogorc iafi muSaxelis wyaros.

garda im problemebisa,romlis winaSec migranti mSromelebi dganan,xSirad maTi

mier gaRebuli msxverpli da kontribucia rogorc maspinZeli,aseve maTi sakuTari

qveynebis ekonomikaSi daunaxavi da daufasebelia,miuxedevad imisa,rom maT Zalian

didi sikeTe moaqvT orivesTvis.

naTelia, migracia upirveles yovlisa SromiTi sakiTxia: is Seexeba mSromelTa

gadaadgilebas, sazRvris gadalaxvas samuSaos moZebnis mizniT; is Seexeba

migranti mSromelebisTvis Tanabar uflebebs, maTdami samarTlian mopyrobas da

maTi uflebebis dacvas.

arsebul gamowvevebze, sTavazobs sam pasuxs:

migranti mSromelebis talRis marTva unda ganxorcieldes sammxrivi konsensusis

safuZvelze ara marto erovnul,aramed regionalur da globalur doneebze.

gaxlavT swored is organizacia, romelsac yvelaze kargad SeuZlia SeimuSaos

politika, romelic saTanadod daabalansebs erTis mxriv migranti mSromelebis

nakads da meores mxriv Sromis bazris moTxovnebs.

imisaTvis, rom Tavidan iqnes acilebuli arsebul saxelfaso ganakveTebis

Semcireba da SromiTi pirobebis gauareseba, aucilebelia pativi vceT migranti

mSromelebis uflebebis Tanasworuflebiani dacvis principebs. am TvalsazrisiT,

-s miRebuli aqvs ori saerTaSoriso konvencia. yovelmxriv unda

ganxorcieldes am ori konvenciis da gaero-s mier migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb

miRebuli konvenciis debulebebis propaganda da maTi implementacia.

profkavSirebs gaaCniaT pasuxismgebloba xeli Seuwyon am konvenciebis

ratificirebis process da uzrunvelyon maTi ganxorcieleba.

imisaTvis rom Tavidan aviciloT dauregulirebeli migracia da adamianebis

trefikingi, aucilebelia potenciuri migranti mSromelebisTvis arsebobdes

samarTleblivi gzebi legaluri migraciisTvis.

2006 wlis martSi, -m Tavisi mmarTveli organos 26-e sxdomaze SeimuSava

dokumenti, romelic gansazRvravs SromiTi migraciis mravalmxriv CarCos, da

swored es dokumenti asaxavs organizaciis samarTlebliv midgomas SromiTi

migraciisadmi. Cven vTavazobT am saxelmZRvanelos mkiTxvels, gaecnos -s

Sso

Sso

Sso

Sso

Sso

Tu arsebobs dRevandel msoflioSi erTi globaluri sakiTxi mainc, romelic

moiTxovs socialur dialogs, migraciis sakiTxi swored aseTi sakiTxia. dRes,

SromiTi migracia moiTxovs socialur dialogs da xval kidev ufro

siRrmiseuli socialuri dialogi iqneba saWiro, imdenad ramdenadac

globalizaciis procesi marTavs adamianebs dRes, da momavalSic iqneba

warmarTveli. socialuri dialogi aucilebelia, raTa adamianebs mieceT

saSualeba awarmoon legitimuri swrafva sakuTari Tavis da ojaxebis

gadasarCenad da ukeTesi cxovrebis uzrunvelsayofad.

ratom saWiroebs migracia socialur dialogs? am kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad

aucilebelia pasuxi gavceT sxva or qve-kiTxvas: `aris migracia Sromis

uflebebTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxi?” da `ra roli unda iTamaSos

profkavSirebma?”.

modiT ganvixiloT pirveli kiTxva.

Tu adamiani gaecnoba am saxelmZRvaneloSi moyvanil informacias da Sromis

saerTaSoriso organizaciis da globaluri profkavSirebis mier gamoqveynebul

mecnierul naSromebs, is swrafad miva Semdeg daskvnamde: migranti mSromelebi

ganicdian aramarTlzomier siduxWires da Cagvras dabali xelfasebis, cudi

samuSao pirobebis, realuri socialuri dacvis meqanizmebis arqonis,

gaerTianebaze da mSromelTa uflebebze uaris Tqmis, diskriminaciis da

qsenofobiis, aseve socialuri gariyulobis gziT. Zalian xSirad, migrant

mSromelebs iyeneben (borotad),rogorc iafi muSaxelis wyaros.

garda im problemebisa,romlis winaSec migranti mSromelebi dganan,xSirad maTi

mier gaRebuli msxverpli da kontribucia rogorc maspinZeli,aseve maTi sakuTari

qveynebis ekonomikaSi daunaxavi da daufasebelia,miuxedevad imisa,rom maT Zalian

didi sikeTe moaqvT orivesTvis.

naTelia, migracia upirveles yovlisa SromiTi sakiTxia: is Seexeba mSromelTa

gadaadgilebas, sazRvris gadalaxvas samuSaos moZebnis mizniT; is Seexeba

migranti mSromelebisTvis Tanabar uflebebs, maTdami samarTlian mopyrobas da

maTi uflebebis dacvas.

arsebul gamowvevebze, sTavazobs sam pasuxs:

migranti mSromelebis talRis marTva unda ganxorcieldes sammxrivi konsensusis

safuZvelze ara marto erovnul,aramed regionalur da globalur doneebze.

gaxlavT swored is organizacia, romelsac yvelaze kargad SeuZlia SeimuSaos

politika, romelic saTanadod daabalansebs erTis mxriv migranti mSromelebis

nakads da meores mxriv Sromis bazris moTxovnebs.

imisaTvis, rom Tavidan iqnes acilebuli arsebul saxelfaso ganakveTebis

Semcireba da SromiTi pirobebis gauareseba, aucilebelia pativi vceT migranti

mSromelebis uflebebis Tanasworuflebiani dacvis principebs. am TvalsazrisiT,

-s miRebuli aqvs ori saerTaSoriso konvencia. yovelmxriv unda

ganxorcieldes am ori konvenciis da gaero-s mier migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb

miRebuli konvenciis debulebebis propaganda da maTi implementacia.

profkavSirebs gaaCniaT pasuxismgebloba xeli Seuwyon am konvenciebis

ratificirebis process da uzrunvelyon maTi ganxorcieleba.

imisaTvis rom Tavidan aviciloT dauregulirebeli migracia da adamianebis

trefikingi, aucilebelia potenciuri migranti mSromelebisTvis arsebobdes

samarTleblivi gzebi legaluri migraciisTvis.

2006 wlis martSi, -m Tavisi mmarTveli organos 26-e sxdomaze SeimuSava

dokumenti, romelic gansazRvravs SromiTi migraciis mravalmxriv CarCos, da

swored es dokumenti asaxavs organizaciis samarTlebliv midgomas SromiTi

migraciisadmi. Cven vTavazobT am saxelmZRvanelos mkiTxvels, gaecnos -s

Sso

Sso

Sso

Sso

Sso

winasityvaoba

vi

winasityvaoba

zemoTxsenebul dokuments, romelic daexmareba mkiTxvels ukeT gaacnobieros

socialuri dialogis, rogorc mniSvnelovani instrumentis, roli SromiT

migraciasTan dakavSirebuli problemebis mogvarebis TvalsazrisiT.

es saxelmZRvanelo miznad isaxavs gazardos profkavSirebis SesaZleblobebi

SromiTi migraciis politikis SemuSavebis procesSi, xeli Seuwyos jansaRi

SromiTi migraciis danergvis da uSualod migrant mSromelebTan kavSirebis

damyarebis process; uzrunvelyos is garemoeba, rom SromiTi migraciiT

gamowveuli sikeTiT isargebleben rogorc migrantebis warmomavlobis, aseve

maspinZeli qveynebi migranti da aramigranti mSromelebis interesebis

gaTvaliswinebiT.

bunebrivia, upirvelesi sazrunavi gaxlavT Semcirdes warmomavlobis qveynebSi

Rirseuli samuSao adgilis deficiti. yvelaferi unda gakeTdes imisTvis, rom

adamianebs SeeZloT ipovon Rirseuli samuSao sakuTar qveynebSi. amdenad,

efeqturi mmarTveloba, siRaribis winaaRmdeg brZola da ganviTarebisken

mimarTuli daxmareba,jansaRi SromiTi migraciis politikis ganuyofel nawils

Seadgens.

rogorc es gaero-s generalurma mdivanma ganacxada 2006 wlis migraciis da

ganviTarebis moxsenebaSi, “arsebuli xelSekrulebebidan da saerTaSoriso

samarTlis normebidan gamomdinare, yvela saxelmwifos gaaCnia suverenuli

ufleba Tavad gadawyvitos Tu vin SemouSvas, vin darCeba da ra pirobebSi mis

teritoriaze.” magram, amasTanave man samarTlianad aRniSna, rom “precedentuli

da saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebiTi samarTlis principebidan gamomdinare,

saxelmwifoebs gaaCniaT valdebuleba pativi scen da daicvan yvela adamianis

fundamentaluri uflebebi”. anu,saxelmwifoebs aqvT ufleba TviTon gadawyviton

vin SeuSvan sakuTar teritoriaze, magram mas Semdeg rac es adamianebi

aRmoCndebian maT teritoriaze,saxelmwifoebi,ganurCevlad pirovnebis statusisa,

valdebulni arian pativi scen am pirovnebis uflebebs.

amasTanave,saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebis Tanaxmad,SromiTi urTierTobebis

damyarebis Semdeg, mSromeli, ganurCevlad misi statusisa, “uflebamosili xdeba

isargeblos yvela im SromiTi da dasaqmebulobis uflebebiT,romlebic gaaCniaT

uflebamosil mSromelebs.”

ratom unda iTamaSon profkavSirebma wamyvani roli SromiTi migraciis

uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomis danergvis da Semdgomi ganviTarebis saqmeSi?

upirveles yovlisa, profkavSirebs swamT adamianis uflebebis uzenaesobis.

axlaxan,gaero-m mouwoda wevr saxelmwifoebs “profkavSirebi aRiaron adamianis

uflebebis damcvel organizaciebad”. adamianis uflebebis ZiriTadi sakvanZo

principi mdgomareobs imaSi,rom is universaluria TiTeuli adamianisTvis,yvela

sazogadoebisaTvis ganurCevlad ekonomikuri, politikuri, eTnikuri Tu

kulturuli pirobebisa.

adamianis uflebebi universaluria, isini vrceldeba yvelaze, maT Soris migrant

mSromelebze maTi statusis miuxedavad. profkavSirebisaTvis prioritets

warmoadgens adamianis uflebebis dacva zogadad, gansakuTrebiT maTi SromiTi

uflebebis dacva da es gaxlavT kidev erTi kargi safuZveli imisTvis, rom

ganviTardes uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomis danergva SromiTi migraciis

sferoSi.

mesame mizezi gaxlavT is garemoeba,rom migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacva

gaxlavT saukeTeso saSualeba raTa dacul iqnas adgilobrivi mSromelebis

interesi, Tavidan iqnes acilebuli arajansaRi konkurenciis Seqmna migrant da

adgilobriv mSromelebs Soris, radgan aseTi konkurenciiT isargebleben is

arapatiosani damqiraveblebi,romlebic iafi muSaxelis ZiebaSi arian.

zemoTxsenebul dokuments, romelic daexmareba mkiTxvels ukeT gaacnobieros

socialuri dialogis, rogorc mniSvnelovani instrumentis, roli SromiT

migraciasTan dakavSirebuli problemebis mogvarebis TvalsazrisiT.

es saxelmZRvanelo miznad isaxavs gazardos profkavSirebis SesaZleblobebi

SromiTi migraciis politikis SemuSavebis procesSi, xeli Seuwyos jansaRi

SromiTi migraciis danergvis da uSualod migrant mSromelebTan kavSirebis

damyarebis process; uzrunvelyos is garemoeba, rom SromiTi migraciiT

gamowveuli sikeTiT isargebleben rogorc migrantebis warmomavlobis, aseve

maspinZeli qveynebi migranti da aramigranti mSromelebis interesebis

gaTvaliswinebiT.

bunebrivia, upirvelesi sazrunavi gaxlavT Semcirdes warmomavlobis qveynebSi

Rirseuli samuSao adgilis deficiti. yvelaferi unda gakeTdes imisTvis, rom

adamianebs SeeZloT ipovon Rirseuli samuSao sakuTar qveynebSi. amdenad,

efeqturi mmarTveloba, siRaribis winaaRmdeg brZola da ganviTarebisken

mimarTuli daxmareba,jansaRi SromiTi migraciis politikis ganuyofel nawils

Seadgens.

rogorc es gaero-s generalurma mdivanma ganacxada 2006 wlis migraciis da

ganviTarebis moxsenebaSi, “arsebuli xelSekrulebebidan da saerTaSoriso

samarTlis normebidan gamomdinare, yvela saxelmwifos gaaCnia suverenuli

ufleba Tavad gadawyvitos Tu vin SemouSvas, vin darCeba da ra pirobebSi mis

teritoriaze.” magram, amasTanave man samarTlianad aRniSna, rom “precedentuli

da saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebiTi samarTlis principebidan gamomdinare,

saxelmwifoebs gaaCniaT valdebuleba pativi scen da daicvan yvela adamianis

fundamentaluri uflebebi”. anu,saxelmwifoebs aqvT ufleba TviTon gadawyviton

vin SeuSvan sakuTar teritoriaze, magram mas Semdeg rac es adamianebi

aRmoCndebian maT teritoriaze,saxelmwifoebi,ganurCevlad pirovnebis statusisa,

valdebulni arian pativi scen am pirovnebis uflebebs.

amasTanave,saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebis Tanaxmad,SromiTi urTierTobebis

damyarebis Semdeg, mSromeli, ganurCevlad misi statusisa, “uflebamosili xdeba

isargeblos yvela im SromiTi da dasaqmebulobis uflebebiT,romlebic gaaCniaT

uflebamosil mSromelebs.”

ratom unda iTamaSon profkavSirebma wamyvani roli SromiTi migraciis

uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomis danergvis da Semdgomi ganviTarebis saqmeSi?

upirveles yovlisa, profkavSirebs swamT adamianis uflebebis uzenaesobis.

axlaxan,gaero-m mouwoda wevr saxelmwifoebs “profkavSirebi aRiaron adamianis

uflebebis damcvel organizaciebad”. adamianis uflebebis ZiriTadi sakvanZo

principi mdgomareobs imaSi,rom is universaluria TiTeuli adamianisTvis,yvela

sazogadoebisaTvis ganurCevlad ekonomikuri, politikuri, eTnikuri Tu

kulturuli pirobebisa.

adamianis uflebebi universaluria, isini vrceldeba yvelaze, maT Soris migrant

mSromelebze maTi statusis miuxedavad. profkavSirebisaTvis prioritets

warmoadgens adamianis uflebebis dacva zogadad, gansakuTrebiT maTi SromiTi

uflebebis dacva da es gaxlavT kidev erTi kargi safuZveli imisTvis, rom

ganviTardes uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomis danergva SromiTi migraciis

sferoSi.

mesame mizezi gaxlavT is garemoeba,rom migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacva

gaxlavT saukeTeso saSualeba raTa dacul iqnas adgilobrivi mSromelebis

interesi, Tavidan iqnes acilebuli arajansaRi konkurenciis Seqmna migrant da

adgilobriv mSromelebs Soris, radgan aseTi konkurenciiT isargebleben is

arapatiosani damqiraveblebi,romlebic iafi muSaxelis ZiebaSi arian.

vii

arsebobs agreTve meoTxe,ufro pragmatuli axsna imisa,Tu ratom unda iTamaSon

profkavSirebma wamyvani roli SromiTi migraciis uflebebze dafuZnebuli

midgomis danergvaSi: migranti mSromelebi profkavSirebis potenciuri wevrebi

arian. migrant mSromelebTan uSualo kavSiris damyareba da maTi organizeba

SesaZlebeli iqneba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu migranti mSromelebi

profkavSirul organizaciebs maTi uflebebis aqtiur damcvelebad aRiqvamen.

2004 wels -m sakuTar konferenciaze imsjela migranti mSromelebis

sakiTxebze. am konferenciis Semdgom oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi iwereboda es

saxelmZRvanelo. mis SeqmnaSi sakuTari wvlili Seitanes migraciis sakiTxebze

momuSave profkavSirebis aqtivistebma da -s eqspertebma. am namuSevris

proeqti ganxilul da Seswavlil iqna profkavSiruli organizaciebis mier

msoflios sxvadasxva regionebSi da maT mier gamoTqmulma mosazrebebma da

SeniSvnebma kidev ufro gaamdidra es dokumenti.

gansakuTrebuli madlierebiT gvsurs movixsenioT s konsultanti b-ni

stirling smiti, romelmac, q-n lesli volkerTan erTad, es saxelmZRvanelo

SeimuSava da misi adaptireba moaxdina. -s saerTaSoriso ganyofilebis

( ) TanamSromlebis, -s SromiTi standartebis ( ) muSakebis da

mSromelTa aqtivobebis biuros ( ) eqspertebis, aseve q.turinSi

ganlagebuli globaluri profkavSirebis konfederaciis( ), saerTaSoriso

profkavSirTa konfederaciis ( ), erovnuli profkavSiruli centrebis

aqtiuri Zalisxmevis gareSe,es saxelmZRvanelo dRis Suqs ver ixilavda.

es saxelmZRvanelo WeSmaritad gunduri muSaobis Sedegia da Cven madlobas

vuxdiT TiTeul adamians,vinc mis SeqmnaSi monawileobda.

profkavSirebs WeSmaritad ukeTesobisken Secvalon situacia,rodesac

saqme Seexeba mSromelTa uflebebis dacvas, socialur samarTlianobas da

Tanasworuflebianobas. profkavSirebs WeSmaritad ukeTesobisken

Secvalon situacia, rodesac saqme Seexeba -s konvenciebis ratifikaciis

procesis xelSewyobas da SemdgomSi am konvenciebis implementacias.

es saxelmZRvanelo ver SesZlebs,da ar unda SesZlos,Caanacvlos profkavSirebis

aqtivistebis, rogorc migranti aseve ara-migranti mSromelebis, enTuziazmi da

saqmisadmi erTguleba. am saxelmZRvanelos ZiriTadi mizani gaxlavT

dainteresebul pirebs SesTavazos SromiTi migraciis sferoSi soliduri

analizi, praqtikuli samoqmedo RonisZiebebi, rac saSualebas mogvcems

maqsimalurad efeqturad gamoviyenoT -s instrumentebi, misi standartebi da

sazedamxedvelo meqanizmebi. Rirseuli samuSao adgilebi migranti

mSromelebisTvis niSnavs Rirseul samuSao adgilebs yvela mSromelisTvis.

vimedovnebT, rom es saxelmZRvanelo sasargeblo iqneba im adamianebisTvis, vinc

gadawyvita miiRos gamowveva da gaagrZelos brZola migranti mSromelebis

uflebebis dasacavad da agreTve maTTvis, vinc sxva adamianebs mouwodebs

SemouerTdes maT am keTilSobilur brZolaSi.

Sso

Sso

Sso

Sso

SeuZliaT

SeuZliaTSso

Sso

ACTRAV-

MIGRANT NORMES

ACTRAV

GUT

ITUC

arsebobs agreTve meoTxe,ufro pragmatuli axsna imisa,Tu ratom unda iTamaSon

profkavSirebma wamyvani roli SromiTi migraciis uflebebze dafuZnebuli

midgomis danergvaSi: migranti mSromelebi profkavSirebis potenciuri wevrebi

arian. migrant mSromelebTan uSualo kavSiris damyareba da maTi organizeba

SesaZlebeli iqneba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu migranti mSromelebi

profkavSirul organizaciebs maTi uflebebis aqtiur damcvelebad aRiqvamen.

2004 wels -m sakuTar konferenciaze imsjela migranti mSromelebis

sakiTxebze. am konferenciis Semdgom oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi iwereboda es

saxelmZRvanelo. mis SeqmnaSi sakuTari wvlili Seitanes migraciis sakiTxebze

momuSave profkavSirebis aqtivistebma da -s eqspertebma. am namuSevris

proeqti ganxilul da Seswavlil iqna profkavSiruli organizaciebis mier

msoflios sxvadasxva regionebSi da maT mier gamoTqmulma mosazrebebma da

SeniSvnebma kidev ufro gaamdidra es dokumenti.

gansakuTrebuli madlierebiT gvsurs movixsenioT s konsultanti b-ni

stirling smiti, romelmac, q-n lesli volkerTan erTad, es saxelmZRvanelo

SeimuSava da misi adaptireba moaxdina. -s saerTaSoriso ganyofilebis

( ) TanamSromlebis, -s SromiTi standartebis ( ) muSakebis da

mSromelTa aqtivobebis biuros ( ) eqspertebis, aseve q.turinSi

ganlagebuli globaluri profkavSirebis konfederaciis( ), saerTaSoriso

profkavSirTa konfederaciis ( ), erovnuli profkavSiruli centrebis

aqtiuri Zalisxmevis gareSe,es saxelmZRvanelo dRis Suqs ver ixilavda.

es saxelmZRvanelo WeSmaritad gunduri muSaobis Sedegia da Cven madlobas

vuxdiT TiTeul adamians,vinc mis SeqmnaSi monawileobda.

profkavSirebs WeSmaritad ukeTesobisken Secvalon situacia,rodesac

saqme Seexeba mSromelTa uflebebis dacvas, socialur samarTlianobas da

Tanasworuflebianobas. profkavSirebs WeSmaritad ukeTesobisken

Secvalon situacia, rodesac saqme Seexeba -s konvenciebis ratifikaciis

procesis xelSewyobas da SemdgomSi am konvenciebis implementacias.

es saxelmZRvanelo ver SesZlebs,da ar unda SesZlos,Caanacvlos profkavSirebis

aqtivistebis, rogorc migranti aseve ara-migranti mSromelebis, enTuziazmi da

saqmisadmi erTguleba. am saxelmZRvanelos ZiriTadi mizani gaxlavT

dainteresebul pirebs SesTavazos SromiTi migraciis sferoSi soliduri

analizi, praqtikuli samoqmedo RonisZiebebi, rac saSualebas mogvcems

maqsimalurad efeqturad gamoviyenoT -s instrumentebi, misi standartebi da

sazedamxedvelo meqanizmebi. Rirseuli samuSao adgilebi migranti

mSromelebisTvis niSnavs Rirseul samuSao adgilebs yvela mSromelisTvis.


gadawyvita miiRos gamowveva da gaagrZelos brZola migranti mSromelebis

uflebebis dasacavad da agreTve maTTvis, vinc sxva adamianebs mouwodebs

SemouerTdes maT am keTilSobilur brZolaSi.

Sso

Sso

Sso

Sso

SeuZliaT

SeuZliaTSso

Sso

ACTRAV-

MIGRANT NORMES

ACTRAV

GUT

ITUC

winasityvaoba

dan kuniaxi

direqtori

Sso-s mSromelTa aqtivobebis

biuro (ACTRAV)

[email protected]


biuro (ACTRAV)

[email protected]

am saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli ilustraciebi ekuTvnis

b-n rikardo mezasalmas

am saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli ilustraciebi ekuTvnis

b-n rikardo mezasalmas

Jeneva, 2008 wlis ivlisi.Jeneva, 2008 wlis ivlisi.

luk dimareti

migraciis sakiTxebze

sakontaqto piri

migraciis sakiTxebze

sakontaqto piri


biuro (ACTRAV)

[email protected]


biuro (ACTRAV)

[email protected]

1

`adamianebis mudmivad mzardma mobilurobam, Rirseuli samuSaos da

usafrTxoebis mizniT maTma migraciam didi xania msoflios praqtikulad yvela

regionSi politikosebis yuradReba miipyro da cxadyo am sakiTxebze

mravalmxriv formatSi dialogis warmoebis aucilebloba. -s mandati, misi

kompetenciebi da unikaluri sammxrivi struqtura mas migranti mSromelebis

sakiTxebSi gansakuTrebul pasuxismgeblobas aniWebs. Rirseuli samuSao am

sakiTxis qvakuTxedia. -s SeuZlia iTamaSos wamyvani roli iseTi politikis

SeqmnaSi, romelic SromiTi migraciis sikeTeebis maqsimalizacias da misi

Tanmdevi riskebis minimalizacias moaxdens.~

-s 2004 wlis konferenciaze miRebuli rezoluciis amonaridi. rezolucia

exeboda migranti mSromelebisadmi samarTlian mopyrobas.

Sso

Sso

Sso

`adamianebis mudmivad mzardma mobilurobam, Rirseuli samuSaos da

usafrTxoebis mizniT maTma migraciam didi xania msoflios praqtikulad yvela

regionSi politikosebis yuradReba miipyro da cxadyo am sakiTxebze

mravalmxriv formatSi dialogis warmoebis aucilebloba. -s mandati, misi

kompetenciebi da unikaluri sammxrivi struqtura mas migranti mSromelebis

sakiTxebSi gansakuTrebul pasuxismgeblobas aniWebs. Rirseuli samuSao am

sakiTxis qvakuTxedia. -s SeuZlia iTamaSos wamyvani roli iseTi politikis

SeqmnaSi, romelic SromiTi migraciis sikeTeebis maqsimalizacias da misi

Tanmdevi riskebis minimalizacias moaxdens.~

-s 2004 wlis konferenciaze miRebuli rezoluciis amonaridi. rezolucia

exeboda migranti mSromelebisadmi samarTlian mopyrobas.

Sso

Sso

Sso

ratom SeirCa es saxelmZRvanelo

ukeTesi cxovrebis povnis mizniT, zogjer ubralod fizikuri gadarCenisTvis,

rodesac adamianebs uxdebodaT gaqceodnen siRaribes,stiqiur movlenebs da bunebriv

kataklizmebs, samoqalaqo omebs da devnas, isini yovelTvis gamosavals poulobdnen

erTi qveynidan sxva qveyanaSi, an qveynis SigniT gadaadgilebaSi. faqtiurad, -s

wesdebasa da misi filadelfiis deklaraciaSi gacxadebulia, rom `yvela adamians,

ganurCevlad rasisa, warmomavlobisa da sqesisa aqvs ufleba moipovos materialuri

keTildReoba da sulieri ganviTareba Tavisuflebis da Rirsebis, ekonomikuri

usafrTxoebis da Tanasworuflebianobis pirobebSi. “

2008 wlis monacemebiT, daaxl;oebiT 191 milion migrantze meti, maT Soris SromiTi

migrantebi,devnilebi,TavSesafris maZieblebi,mudmivi migrantebi da sxvebi,cxovroben

da muSaoben ara sakuTari dabadebis an moqalaqeobis mqone qveynebSi. -s

gamoTvlebiT, maTgan daaxloebiT 95 milioni adamiani samuSaos povnis mizniT

gadaadgilda sxva qveynebSi. migranti mSromelebi, maTi ojaxis wevrebTan erTad,

Seadgens mTlianad saerTaSoriso migrantebis daaxloebiT 90 procents.

migracia ZiriTad xdeba ganviTarebadi qveynebidan ufro ganviTarebul qveynebSi,

Tumca migracias adgli aqvs agreTve ganviTarebad qveynebs Soris. statistikis

Tanaxmad, mTliani migraciis 40 procenti swored Rarib qveynebs Soris migraciaze

modis.

SromiTi migrantebi arian rogorc mamakacebi, aseve qalebi. globaluri masStabiT,

qalebi SromiTi migrantebis daaxloebiT 50 procents Seadgenen. afrikis da aziis

kontinentis gamoklebiT, msoflios sxva regionebSi qali migrantebis raodenoba

odnav sWarbobs mamakaci migrantebis raodenobas.


gadawyvita miiRos gamowveva da gaagrZelos brZola migranti mSromelebis uflebebis

dasacavad da agreTve maTTvis, vinc sxva adamianebs mouwodebs SemouerTdes maT am

keTilSobilur brZolaSi.

“globalizaciam kidev ufro aSkarad gamoaCina qveynebs Soris ganviTarebis tempebis

uTanabroba,rac Tavis mxriv seriozul gamowvevas wamoadgens mSromelTa uflebebis

dacvis moZraobisTvis.. globalizaciis mzardi tempebis gaTvaliswinebiT, maRali

albaTobiT migraciuli procesebi momavalSi kidev ufro gaZlierdeba”. ufskruli

mdidar da Rarib qveynebs Soris kidev ufro gaRrmavda. erTis mxriv,mdidar qveynebSi

saxezea muSaxelis nakleboba, xolo Rarib qveynebSi ar aris sakmarisi samuSao

adgili yvela msurvelisTvis. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT bevr ganviTarebul qveyanaSi

mosaxleobis daberebis tendencias, maRali albaTobiT SegvZlia vivaraudoT, rom

migraciuli procesebi momavalSic gagrZeldeba. Tumca, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom

msoflios mosaxleobis ricxvi izrdeba, gaero-s gaTvlebiT, migrantebis xvedriTi

wili saerTo msoflio mosaxleobasTan mimarTebaSi igive darCeba - daaxloebiT 3

procenti.

Sso

Sso

Rirseuli samuSaos ZiebaSi

ukeTesi cxovrebis povnis mizniT, zogjer ubralod fizikuri gadarCenisTvis,

rodesac adamianebs uxdebodaT gaqceodnen siRaribes,stiqiur movlenebs da bunebriv

kataklizmebs, samoqalaqo omebs da devnas, isini yovelTvis gamosavals poulobdnen

erTi qveynidan sxva qveyanaSi, an qveynis SigniT gadaadgilebaSi. faqtiurad, -s

wesdebasa da misi filadelfiis deklaraciaSi gacxadebulia, rom `yvela adamians,

ganurCevlad rasisa, warmomavlobisa da sqesisa aqvs ufleba moipovos materialuri

keTildReoba da sulieri ganviTareba Tavisuflebis da Rirsebis, ekonomikuri

usafrTxoebis da Tanasworuflebianobis pirobebSi. “

2008 wlis monacemebiT, daaxl;oebiT 191 milion migrantze meti, maT Soris SromiTi

migrantebi,devnilebi,TavSesafris maZieblebi,mudmivi migrantebi da sxvebi,cxovroben

da muSaoben ara sakuTari dabadebis an moqalaqeobis mqone qveynebSi. -s

gamoTvlebiT, maTgan daaxloebiT 95 milioni adamiani samuSaos povnis mizniT

gadaadgilda sxva qveynebSi. migranti mSromelebi, maTi ojaxis wevrebTan erTad,

Seadgens mTlianad saerTaSoriso migrantebis daaxloebiT 90 procents.

migracia ZiriTad xdeba ganviTarebadi qveynebidan ufro ganviTarebul qveynebSi,

Tumca migracias adgli aqvs agreTve ganviTarebad qveynebs Soris. statistikis

Tanaxmad, mTliani migraciis 40 procenti swored Rarib qveynebs Soris migraciaze

modis.

SromiTi migrantebi arian rogorc mamakacebi, aseve qalebi. globaluri masStabiT,

qalebi SromiTi migrantebis daaxloebiT 50 procents Seadgenen. afrikis da aziis

kontinentis gamoklebiT, msoflios sxva regionebSi qali migrantebis raodenoba

odnav sWarbobs mamakaci migrantebis raodenobas.


gadawyvita miiRos gamowveva da gaagrZelos brZola migranti mSromelebis uflebebis

dasacavad da agreTve maTTvis, vinc sxva adamianebs mouwodebs SemouerTdes maT am

keTilSobilur brZolaSi.

“globalizaciam kidev ufro aSkarad gamoaCina qveynebs Soris ganviTarebis tempebis

uTanabroba,rac Tavis mxriv seriozul gamowvevas wamoadgens mSromelTa uflebebis

dacvis moZraobisTvis.. globalizaciis mzardi tempebis gaTvaliswinebiT, maRali

albaTobiT migraciuli procesebi momavalSi kidev ufro gaZlierdeba”. ufskruli

mdidar da Rarib qveynebs Soris kidev ufro gaRrmavda. erTis mxriv,mdidar qveynebSi

saxezea muSaxelis nakleboba, xolo Rarib qveynebSi ar aris sakmarisi samuSao

adgili yvela msurvelisTvis. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT bevr ganviTarebul qveyanaSi

mosaxleobis daberebis tendencias, maRali albaTobiT SegvZlia vivaraudoT, rom

migraciuli procesebi momavalSic gagrZeldeba. Tumca, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom

msoflios mosaxleobis ricxvi izrdeba, gaero-s gaTvlebiT, migrantebis xvedriTi

wili saerTo msoflio mosaxleobasTan mimarTebaSi igive darCeba - daaxloebiT 3

procenti.

Sso

Sso


saerTaSoriso migracia, rasizmi, diskriminacia da qsenofobia, ILO-IOMOHCHR, 2001

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/down/wcar.pdf

saerTaSoriso migracia, rasizmi, diskriminacia da qsenofobia, ILO-IOMOHCHR, 2001

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/down/wcar.pdf

4

4

2


diskriminacia, eqspluatacia da trefikingi, riTac irRveva mSromeli adamianis

uflebebi, profkavSirebis aqtivistebisaTvis seriozul gamowvevas warmoadgens.

migranti mSromelebis uflebebis darRveva agreTve uaryofiTad aisaxeba

adgilobrivi mSromelebis uflebebze da maT SromiT pirobebze.

diskriminacia, eqspluatacia da trefikingi, riTac irRveva mSromeli adamianis

uflebebi, profkavSirebis aqtivistebisaTvis seriozul gamowvevas warmoadgens.

migranti mSromelebis uflebebis darRveva agreTve uaryofiTad aisaxeba

adgilobrivi mSromelebis uflebebze da maT SromiT pirobebze.

Sso-s mandati da migranti mSromelebi

mamakacebisTvis da qalebisTvis,Tavisuflebis,Tanasworuflebianobis,usafrTxoebis

da pirovnuli Rirsebis pirobebSi yofnis uzrunvelyofis mizniT,Rirseuli samuSaos

povnis mizniT 1919 wlidan moyolebuli -m SeimuSava da ganaviTara Sromis

saerTaSoriso standartebi. dRevandel globalizirebul msoflioSi, Sromis

saerTaSoriso standartebi da sxva maregulirebeli aqtebi mSromeli adamianebis

uflebebis dacvis TvalsazrisiT umniSvnelovanes faqtors warmoadgenen.

Tavisi daarsebis pirvelive dRidan, migranti mSromelebis samuSao pirobebi -s

mniSvnelovan sazrunavs warmoadgens. -s wesdebis preambulaSi miTiTebulia imis

aucileblobaze, rom “dacul iqnas ucxo qveynebSi dasaqmebul mSromelTa

interesebi”. 1919 wels miRebuli -s meore rekomendaciac migranti mSromelebis

uflebebis dacvas mieZRvna. filadelfiis deklaracia (1944),romelic -s wesdebis

nawilia,aseve xazgasmiT aRniSnavs migranti mSromelebis sakiTxis aqtualurobas.

Sso

SsoSso

SsoSso

Sso-s mandati da migranti mSromelebi

mamakacebisTvis da qalebisTvis,Tavisuflebis,Tanasworuflebianobis,usafrTxoebis

da pirovnuli Rirsebis pirobebSi yofnis uzrunvelyofis mizniT,Rirseuli samuSaos

povnis mizniT 1919 wlidan moyolebuli -m SeimuSava da ganaviTara Sromis

saerTaSoriso standartebi. dRevandel globalizirebul msoflioSi, Sromis

saerTaSoriso standartebi da sxva maregulirebeli aqtebi mSromeli adamianebis

uflebebis dacvis TvalsazrisiT umniSvnelovanes faqtors warmoadgenen.

Tavisi daarsebis pirvelive dRidan, migranti mSromelebis samuSao pirobebi -s

mniSvnelovan sazrunavs warmoadgens. -s wesdebis preambulaSi miTiTebulia imis

aucileblobaze, rom “dacul iqnas ucxo qveynebSi dasaqmebul mSromelTa

interesebi”. 1919 wels miRebuli -s meore rekomendaciac migranti mSromelebis

uflebebis dacvas mieZRvna. filadelfiis deklaracia (1944),romelic -s wesdebis

nawilia,aseve xazgasmiT aRniSnavs migranti mSromelebis sakiTxis aqtualurobas.

Sso

SsoSso

SsoSso

`globaluri samuSao adgilebis krizisis dasaZlevad”, Sso-s generaluri direqtoris gamosvlidan

msoflios ekonomikur forumze, davosi, 2006 wlis 25 ianvari

globalur ekonomikaSi migranti mSromelebis samarTliani mobyrobisaTvis, Sso-s konferencia, 92-e

sesia, Sso, Jeneva, 2004 weli

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/relm/ilc92/pdf/rep-vi.pdfhttp://www.ilo.org/public/english/about/index.htm.

`globaluri samuSao adgilebis krizisis dasaZlevad”, Sso-s generaluri direqtoris gamosvlidan

msoflios ekonomikur forumze, davosi, 2006 wlis 25 ianvari

globalur ekonomikaSi migranti mSromelebis samarTliani mobyrobisaTvis, Sso-s konferencia, 92-e

sesia, Sso, Jeneva, 2004 weli

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/relm/ilc92/pdf/rep-vi.pdfhttp://www.ilo.org/public/english/about/index.htm.

bevrisTvis, SromiTi migracia SesaZloa momgebiani da pozitiuri gamicdileba iyos,magram migranti mSromelebis miuReblad didi raodenobisTvis samuSao pirobebiSeuracxmyofeli da eqspluataciis niSnebis matarebelia, rac gamoixateba iZulebiTSromaSi, dabal xelfasebSi, socialuri dacvis ararsebobaSi, gaerTianebisTavisuflebis ararsebobaSi,diskriminaciaSi, qsenofobiasa da social gariyulobaSi.samwuxarod, mSromeli migrantebis uflebebis damcveli institutebis ganviTarebisdone CamorCeba SromiTi migraciis zrdis tempebs.

bevrisTvis, SromiTi migracia SesaZloa momgebiani da pozitiuri gamicdileba iyos,magram migranti mSromelebis miuReblad didi raodenobisTvis samuSao pirobebiSeuracxmyofeli da eqspluataciis niSnebis matarebelia, rac gamoixateba iZulebiTSromaSi, dabal xelfasebSi, socialuri dacvis ararsebobaSi, gaerTianebisTavisuflebis ararsebobaSi,diskriminaciaSi, qsenofobiasa da social gariyulobaSi.samwuxarod, mSromeli migrantebis uflebebis damcveli institutebis ganviTarebisdone CamorCeba SromiTi migraciis zrdis tempebs.

saxezea mzardi globaluri samuSao adgilebis krizisi. msoflio masStabiT

umuSevrobam rekordul dones - 192 milion adamians miaRwia, rac saerTo samuSao

Zalis 6 procents Seadgens. amasTanave, es cifri ar moicavs im uzarmazar ricxvs

adamianebisa,romlebic dakavebulni arian araformaluri ekonomikis sferoSi, sadac,

rogorc wesi,samuSao pirobebi da Sromis anazRaureba cudia.

saxezea mzardi globaluri samuSao adgilebis krizisi. msoflio masStabiT

umuSevrobam rekordul dones - 192 milion adamians miaRwia, rac saerTo samuSao

Zalis 6 procents Seadgens. amasTanave, es cifri ar moicavs im uzarmazar ricxvs

adamianebisa,romlebic dakavebulni arian araformaluri ekonomikis sferoSi, sadac,

rogorc wesi,samuSao pirobebi da Sromis anazRaureba cudia.


`rodesac adamianebs ar SeuZliaT iSovon samuSao sakuTar qveyanaSi da

sazogadoebaSi, isini gamosavals sxvagan eZieben.~


`rodesac adamianebs ar SeuZliaT iSovon samuSao sakuTar qveyanaSi da

sazogadoebaSi, isini gamosavals sxvagan eZieben.~

xuan somavia

Sso-s generaluri direqtori

xuan somavia

Sso-s generaluri direqtori

5

5

6

7

6

7

3


Sso

SsoSso

Sso

-s ori ZiriTadi konvencia: -konvencia #97 `migracia dasaqmebisTvis

(ganaxlebuli)”, (1949) (#97) da konvencia #143 `migranti mSromelebi (damatebiTi

debulebebi)”, (1975) (#143) konkretulad swored migranti mSromelebis uflebebis

dacvas Seexeba. -s TiTqmis yvela konvencia metnaklebad SromiT migracias Seexeba,

Tumca zogierTi dokumenti, magaliTad rogoricaa -s standartebi adamianis

fundamentaluri uflebebis, socialuri dacvis, dasaqmebis, samuSao pirobebis da

jandacvis sferoebSi,gansakuTrebiT relevanturia.

1998 wels -s mier miRebuli deklaracia samuSao adgilze fundamentaluri

principebis da uflebebis Sesaxeb kidev erTxel adasturebs, rom migranti

mSromelebis sakiTxi mis sazrunavs warmoadgens:

Sso

SsoSso

Sso

-s ori ZiriTadi konvencia: -konvencia #97 `migracia dasaqmebisTvis

(ganaxlebuli)”, (1949) (#97) da konvencia #143 `migranti mSromelebi (damatebiTi

debulebebi)”, (1975) (#143) konkretulad swored migranti mSromelebis uflebebis

dacvas Seexeba. -s TiTqmis yvela konvencia metnaklebad SromiT migracias Seexeba,

Tumca zogierTi dokumenti, magaliTad rogoricaa -s standartebi adamianis

fundamentaluri uflebebis, socialuri dacvis, dasaqmebis, samuSao pirobebis da

jandacvis sferoebSi,gansakuTrebiT relevanturia.

1998 wels -s mier miRebuli deklaracia samuSao adgilze fundamentaluri

principebis da uflebebis Sesaxeb kidev erTxel adasturebs, rom migranti

mSromelebis sakiTxi mis sazrunavs warmoadgens:

... S.s.o-m gansakuTrebuli yeradReba unda miapyros socialurad daucveli adamianebisproblemebs, kerZod umuSevrebs da migrant mSromelebs, warmarTos saerTaSoriso,regionaluri da erovnuli institutebis Zalisxmeva maT winaSe mdgari problemebisgadaWris mizniT da xeli Seuwyos samuSao adgilebis Seqmnis mizniT efeqturipolitikis SemuSavebas.

... S.s.o-m gansakuTrebuli yeradReba unda miapyros socialurad daucveli adamianebisproblemebs, kerZod umuSevrebs da migrant mSromelebs, warmarTos saerTaSoriso,regionaluri da erovnuli institutebis Zalisxmeva maT winaSe mdgari problemebisgadaWris mizniT da xeli Seuwyos samuSao adgilebis Seqmnis mizniT efeqturipolitikis SemuSavebas.

S.s.o-s midgoma

2004 wels, Sromis saerTaSoriso konferenciaze ( ) Sesdga sammxrivi diskusiebi

SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebze. am konferenciaze, -m wamoayena winadadeba SromiTi

migraciis sakiTxebi dafuZnebuliyo adamianis uflebebis fuZemdeblur principebze

da normebze, Sromis saerTaSoriso standartebis danergvaze da implementaciaze,

samarTlianobis da aradiskriminaciuli SromiTi praqtikis danergvaze.

-s mier miRebuli erT-erTi daskvna gaxldaT SemuSavebul yofiliyo samoqmedo

gegma -s migranti mSromelebis konvenciis debulebebis farTod danergvis da

gamoyenebis Sesaxeb. miRebul iqna sarekomendacio dokumenti SromiTi migraciis

mravalmxrivi CarCo saxelmZRvanelo principebis saxiT. es dokumenti SemuSavebul

iqna eqspertTa jgufis mier da moicavs TxuTmet sarekomendacio princips,romelic

damtkicebul iqna -s mmarTveli organos mier 2006 wlis martSi.

Sinaarsobrivad, -s mravalmxrivi CarCo dokumenti, romelmac profkavSiruli

moZraobis sruli mxardaWera hpova, gulisxmobs migraciis sakiTxebze uflebebze

dafuZnebul midgomas,kerZod:

migraciis politika formulirebul unda iyos sammxriv konsensusze ara marto

erovnul, aramed regionalur da globalur doneebze, xeli Seewyos partniorul

TanamSromlobas migranti mSromelebis maspinZel da warmoSobis qveynebs Soris.

arsebuli saxelfaso da Sromis pirobebis gauaresebis Tavidan acilebis mizniT,

pativi unda eces migranti mSromelebis uflebas Tanasworuflebian mopyrobaze da

-s aqvs moRebuli ori konvencia Sesabamisi debulebebiT. am principebis

xorcSesxma unda moxdes migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb gaero-s konvenciis

farglebSi (ixileT am saxelmZRvanelos me-5Tavi).

arsebuli Sromis bazris gaTvaliswinebiT,potenciuri migranti mSromelebisTvis

unda SemuSavdes Sesabamisi samarTleblivi normebi,rac Seamcirebs aralegalur

migracias da adamianebiT trfikingis praqtikas.

i -s mSromelTa aqtivobebis biurom, 2004 wlis Sromis saerTaSoriso

konferenciamde da mas Semdeg, farTo konsultaciebi gamarTa SromiTi migraciis

sakiTxebze. am konsultaciebis Semdeg naTeli Seiqmna,rom miuxedavad im faqtisa,rom

bevri profkavSiruli organizacia aqtiuradaa CarTuli migranti mSromelebis

dacvis saqmeSi,am mxriv jer kidev bevri ram aris gasaumjobesebeli da gasakeTebeli.

am saxelmZRvaneloSi swored am sakiTxebze iqneba msjeloba.

S.s.kS.s.o

S.s.kS.s.o

S.s.o

S.s.o

S.s.o

S.s.o

�

�

�

ACTRAV- ,

S.s.o-s midgoma

2004 wels, Sromis saerTaSoriso konferenciaze ( ) Sesdga sammxrivi diskusiebi

SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebze. am konferenciaze, -m wamoayena winadadeba SromiTi

migraciis sakiTxebi dafuZnebuliyo adamianis uflebebis fuZemdeblur principebze

da normebze, Sromis saerTaSoriso standartebis danergvaze da implementaciaze,

samarTlianobis da aradiskriminaciuli SromiTi praqtikis danergvaze.

-s mier miRebuli erT-erTi daskvna gaxldaT SemuSavebul yofiliyo samoqmedo

gegma -s migranti mSromelebis konvenciis debulebebis farTod danergvis da

gamoyenebis Sesaxeb. miRebul iqna sarekomendacio dokumenti SromiTi migraciis

mravalmxrivi CarCo saxelmZRvanelo principebis saxiT. es dokumenti SemuSavebul

iqna eqspertTa jgufis mier da moicavs TxuTmet sarekomendacio princips,romelic

damtkicebul iqna -s mmarTveli organos mier 2006 wlis martSi.

Sinaarsobrivad, -s mravalmxrivi CarCo dokumenti, romelmac profkavSiruli

moZraobis sruli mxardaWera hpova, gulisxmobs migraciis sakiTxebze uflebebze

dafuZnebul midgomas,kerZod:

migraciis politika formulirebul unda iyos sammxriv konsensusze ara marto

erovnul, aramed regionalur da globalur doneebze, xeli Seewyos partniorul

TanamSromlobas migranti mSromelebis maspinZel da warmoSobis qveynebs Soris.

arsebuli saxelfaso da Sromis pirobebis gauaresebis Tavidan acilebis mizniT,

pativi unda eces migranti mSromelebis uflebas Tanasworuflebian mopyrobaze da

-s aqvs moRebuli ori konvencia Sesabamisi debulebebiT. am principebis

xorcSesxma unda moxdes migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb gaero-s konvenciis

farglebSi (ixileT am saxelmZRvanelos me-5Tavi).

arsebuli Sromis bazris gaTvaliswinebiT,potenciuri migranti mSromelebisTvis

unda SemuSavdes Sesabamisi samarTleblivi normebi,rac Seamcirebs aralegalur

migracias da adamianebiT trfikingis praqtikas.

i -s mSromelTa aqtivobebis biurom, 2004 wlis Sromis saerTaSoriso

konferenciamde da mas Semdeg, farTo konsultaciebi gamarTa SromiTi migraciis

sakiTxebze. am konsultaciebis Semdeg naTeli Seiqmna,rom miuxedavad im faqtisa,rom

bevri profkavSiruli organizacia aqtiuradaa CarTuli migranti mSromelebis

dacvis saqmeSi,am mxriv jer kidev bevri ram aris gasaumjobesebeli da gasakeTebeli.

am saxelmZRvaneloSi swored am sakiTxebze iqneba msjeloba.

S.s.kS.s.o

S.s.kS.s.o

S.s.o

S.s.o

S.s.o

S.s.oACTRAV- ,

8

sruli teqsti xelmiswvdomia:

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/download/multilat_fwk_eng.pdfhttp://.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/actrav/

sruli teqsti xelmiswvdomia:

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/download/multilat_fwk_eng.pdfhttp://.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/actrav/

8

9

4


am saxelmZRvanelos Sesaxeb

am saxelmZRvanelos miznebia daexmaros profkavSiris wevrebs:

gaacnobieron, rom migracia da migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacva

profkavSirebisTvis mniSvnelovan sakiTxs warmoadgens

migranti mSromelebis sakiTxze profkavSirebma SeimuSaon genderulad

mgrZnobiare midgoma da kargad gaacnobieron is gansxvavebuli da saerTo

sirTuleebi,romlis winaSe dganan mamakaci da qali migranti mSromelebi Sromis

bazarze

miuxedavad maTi samarTlebrivi statusisa da muSaoben Tu ara isini formaluri

Tu araformaluri ekonomikis seqtorSi, moxdes mSromeli migrantebis

organizireba

daicvan migranti mSromelebis uflebebi, maT Soris maTi uflebebis dacva

saerTaSoriso da erovnuli kanonmdeblobis gamoyenebis gziT

�

�

�

�

;

;

;

;

am saxelmZRvanelos Sesaxeb

am saxelmZRvanelos miznebia daexmaros profkavSiris wevrebs:

gaacnobieron, rom migracia da migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacva

profkavSirebisTvis mniSvnelovan sakiTxs warmoadgens

migranti mSromelebis sakiTxze profkavSirebma SeimuSaon genderulad

mgrZnobiare midgoma da kargad gaacnobieron is gansxvavebuli da saerTo

sirTuleebi,romlis winaSe dganan mamakaci da qali migranti mSromelebi Sromis

bazarze

miuxedavad maTi samarTlebrivi statusisa da muSaoben Tu ara isini formaluri

Tu araformaluri ekonomikis seqtorSi, moxdes mSromeli migrantebis

organizireba

daicvan migranti mSromelebis uflebebi, maT Soris maTi uflebebis dacva

saerTaSoriso da erovnuli kanonmdeblobis gamoyenebis gziT

;

;

;

;

visTvisaa gankuTvnili es saxelmZRvanelo?

rogor unda gamoviyenoT es saxelmZRvanelo?

�

�

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profkavSirebis xelmZRvanelebisTvis da erovnuli komitetis wevrebisTvis

profkavSirebis aqtivistebisaTvis

ganaTlebis muSakebisTvis/ganaTlebis komitetebisTvis

profkavSirebis iuristi eqspertebisTvis/iuristebisaTvis

migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacviT dainteresebuli sxva pirebisaTvis

am saxelmZRvanelos gamoyenebis sxvadasxva gza arsebobs:

saxelmZRvanelos ganxilva profkavSirebis Sexvedrebze xelmZRvanelobis da/an

aqtivistebis monawileobiT, konkretuli winadadebebis da samuSao gegmis

SemuSaveba,RonisZiebebis organizeba da konkretuli qmedebebis ganxorcieleba.

seminarebi/treiningebi-Tumca es saxelmZRvanelo ar gaxlavT gamiznuli mxolod

saganmanaTleblo RonisZiebebze gamosayenebelad.

upirveles yovlisa, am wignis mTavari mizania naTlad warmoaCinos, Tu ramdenad

mniSvnelovania mSromeli migrantebis sakiTxis integrireba profkavSirebis

saqmianobaSi. es saxelmZRvanelo gamoyenebul unda iqnes rogorc samuSao dokumenti,

romelic samoqmedo gegmaze msjelobisas stimulirebas moaxdens.

visTvisaa gankuTvnili es saxelmZRvanelo?

rogor unda gamoviyenoT es saxelmZRvanelo?

profkavSirebis xelmZRvanelebisTvis da erovnuli komitetis wevrebisTvis

profkavSirebis aqtivistebisaTvis

ganaTlebis muSakebisTvis/ganaTlebis komitetebisTvis

profkavSirebis iuristi eqspertebisTvis/iuristebisaTvis

migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacviT dainteresebuli sxva pirebisaTvis

am saxelmZRvanelos gamoyenebis sxvadasxva gza arsebobs:

saxelmZRvanelos ganxilva profkavSirebis Sexvedrebze xelmZRvanelobis da/an

aqtivistebis monawileobiT, konkretuli winadadebebis da samuSao gegmis

SemuSaveba,RonisZiebebis organizeba da konkretuli qmedebebis ganxorcieleba.

seminarebi/treiningebi-Tumca es saxelmZRvanelo ar gaxlavT gamiznuli mxolod

saganmanaTleblo RonisZiebebze gamosayenebelad.

upirveles yovlisa, am wignis mTavari mizania naTlad warmoaCinos, Tu ramdenad

mniSvnelovania mSromeli migrantebis sakiTxis integrireba profkavSirebis

saqmianobaSi. es saxelmZRvanelo gamoyenebul unda iqnes rogorc samuSao dokumenti,

romelic samoqmedo gegmaze msjelobisas stimulirebas moaxdens.

migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacva = yvela mSromelis uflebebis dacvas

5








am TavSi moxdeba am Temaze Sesavalis gakeTeba da profkavSirebis zogierTi ZiriTadi

principebis ganmarteba; axsna imisa, Tu ratom gaxlavT SromiTi migracia

profkavSirebisaTvis prioritetuli sakiTxi.

am TavSi aRwerilia migranti mSromelebis eqspluataciis da diskriminaciis

meTodebi; naCvenebia, rom xSirad maT uwevT yvelaze saxifaTo, rTuli da Rirsebis

Semlaxveli samuSaos Sesruleba.

am TavSi mocemulia imformacia imis Sesaxeb, Tu ratom midian mamakacebi da qalebi

ucxoeTSi samuSaos saZebnelad; mocemulia iseTi terminebis ganmartebebi,

rogorebicaa “ukanono/aramarTlzomieri/Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone pirebis

migracia”, “ltolvilebi”, “trefikingi”, adamianebis ukanono gadayvana sazRvarze” da

ecdeba gafantos migraciis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebuli zogierTi miTi.

migrant mSromelebs mniSvnelovani wvlili SeaqvT rogorc maspinZeli, aseve

warmoSobis qveynebis ekonomikis ganviTarebaSi. bevri qveynisTvis migranti

mSromelebis mier sakuTar qveynebSi gadagzavnili fuladi saxsrebi am qveynebisTvis

ucxouri valutis brunvis mniSvnelovan wyaros Seadgens. Tumca, SromiT migracias

aqvs uaryofiTi mxare, warmoSobis qveyana kargavs zogierT maRalkvalificirebul

muSaks.

am TavSi moTxrobilia im saerTaSoriso standartebis Sesaxeb, romlebic

aregulirebs migracias da mSromelebis uflebebis dacvas. bevri sakanonmdeblo aqti

migranti mSromelebis dacvas cdilobs “kontrolirebadi migraciis” da ara

uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomebis safuZvelze. am TavSi Sejamebulia migranti

mSromelebis dacvis sakiTxebi.

am TavSi aRwerilia profkavSirebis mier SemuSavebuli politika da organizaciuli

nabijebi ganxorcielebuli rogorc mSromeli migrantebis warmomavlobis, aseve

maspinZel qveynebSi, qseluri muSaoba profkavSirebsa da sxva organizaciebs Soris

rogorc erovnul, aseve globalur doneebze. amasTanave naCvenebia, rom jer kidev

bevri ram aris gasakeTebeli am mimarTulebiT. profkavSirebis midgoma migranti

mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis saqmeSi gansxvavdeba wmindad samarTlebrivi da

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis midgomisagan. profkavSirebis midgoma efuZneba

solidarobas da ara qvelmoqmedebas. am TavSi agreTve mocemulia migraciis

leqsikoni da informacia imis Sesaxeb,Tu sad unda movipovoT informacia migranti

mSromelebis Sesaxeb-publikaciebi da veb-gverdebis misamarTebi.

am saxelmZRvanelos TiTeul TavSi mocemulia SemecnebiTi savarjiSoebi da

aqtivobebi saganmanaTleblo programebSi gamosayeneblad.

damatebiTi wyaroebi







am TavSi moxdeba am Temaze Sesavalis gakeTeba da profkavSirebis zogierTi ZiriTadi

principebis ganmarteba; axsna imisa, Tu ratom gaxlavT SromiTi migracia

profkavSirebisaTvis prioritetuli sakiTxi.

am TavSi aRwerilia migranti mSromelebis eqspluataciis da diskriminaciis

meTodebi; naCvenebia, rom xSirad maT uwevT yvelaze saxifaTo, rTuli da Rirsebis

Semlaxveli samuSaos Sesruleba.

am TavSi mocemulia imformacia imis Sesaxeb, Tu ratom midian mamakacebi da qalebi

ucxoeTSi samuSaos saZebnelad; mocemulia iseTi terminebis ganmartebebi,

rogorebicaa “ukanono/aramarTlzomieri/Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone pirebis

migracia”, “ltolvilebi”, “trefikingi”, adamianebis ukanono gadayvana sazRvarze” da

ecdeba gafantos migraciis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebuli zogierTi miTi.

migrant mSromelebs mniSvnelovani wvlili SeaqvT rogorc maspinZeli, aseve

warmoSobis qveynebis ekonomikis ganviTarebaSi. bevri qveynisTvis migranti

mSromelebis mier sakuTar qveynebSi gadagzavnili fuladi saxsrebi am qveynebisTvis

ucxouri valutis brunvis mniSvnelovan wyaros Seadgens. Tumca, SromiT migracias

aqvs uaryofiTi mxare, warmoSobis qveyana kargavs zogierT maRalkvalificirebul

muSaks.

am TavSi moTxrobilia im saerTaSoriso standartebis Sesaxeb, romlebic

aregulirebs migracias da mSromelebis uflebebis dacvas. bevri sakanonmdeblo aqti

migranti mSromelebis dacvas cdilobs “kontrolirebadi migraciis” da ara

uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomebis safuZvelze. am TavSi Sejamebulia migranti

mSromelebis dacvis sakiTxebi.

am TavSi aRwerilia profkavSirebis mier SemuSavebuli politika da organizaciuli

nabijebi ganxorcielebuli rogorc mSromeli migrantebis warmomavlobis, aseve

maspinZel qveynebSi, qseluri muSaoba profkavSirebsa da sxva organizaciebs Soris

rogorc erovnul, aseve globalur doneebze. amasTanave naCvenebia, rom jer kidev

bevri ram aris gasakeTebeli am mimarTulebiT. profkavSirebis midgoma migranti

mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis saqmeSi gansxvavdeba wmindad samarTlebrivi da

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis midgomisagan. profkavSirebis midgoma efuZneba

solidarobas da ara qvelmoqmedebas. am TavSi agreTve mocemulia migraciis

leqsikoni da informacia imis Sesaxeb,Tu sad unda movipovoT informacia migranti

mSromelebis Sesaxeb-publikaciebi da veb-gverdebis misamarTebi.

am saxelmZRvanelos TiTeul TavSi mocemulia SemecnebiTi savarjiSoebi da

aqtivobebi saganmanaTleblo programebSi gamosayeneblad.

damatebiTi wyaroebi

7

1 - l i T a v i

ratom gaxlavT SromiTi migracia

profkavSirebis saqme?

1-li Tavi Tvalis erTi gadavlebiT

am TavSi detaluradaa ganxiluli argumentebi imis Sesaxeb,

Tu ratom unda iTamaSon profkavSirebma unikaluri roli

iseTi SromiTi migraciis politikis SemuSavebisaTvis,

romelic sargeblis momtani iqneba yvelasTvis:

warmomavlobis da daniSnulebis qveynebisTvis, migranti da

ara-migranti mSromelebisTvis. am TavSi agreTve

mimoxilulia SromiTi migraciis ZiriTadi mizezebi da

migranti mSromelebis winaSe mdgari problemebi.

1-li Tavi Tvalis erTi gadavlebiT

am TavSi detaluradaa ganxiluli argumentebi imis Sesaxeb,

Tu ratom unda iTamaSon profkavSirebma unikaluri roli

iseTi SromiTi migraciis politikis SemuSavebisaTvis,

romelic sargeblis momtani iqneba yvelasTvis:

warmomavlobis da daniSnulebis qveynebisTvis, migranti da

ara-migranti mSromelebisTvis. am TavSi agreTve

mimoxilulia SromiTi migraciis ZiriTadi mizezebi da

migranti mSromelebis winaSe mdgari problemebi.

1-

li

Ta

vi

8

migranti mSromelebic mSromelebi arian

Rirseuli samuSao adgilis deficiti

migranti mSromlebi,miuxedavad maTi statusisa,upirveles yovlisa mSromelebi arian.

amdenad, maT aqvT gaerTianebis ufleba-ufleba daafuZnon da gawevriandnen

profkavSirebSi. mniSvnelovania gvaxsovdes,rom Tu sxvagvarad ar aris miTiTebuli,

-s mier dawesebuli yvela standarti Seexeba agreTve migrant mSromelebs.

Zalian xSirad, SromiTi migracia asocirdeba eqsploataciasTan da eqstremalur

SemTxvevebSi trefikingTan da bavSvTa SromasTan.

profkavSirebi mowodebulni arian daicvan yvela mSromelis da ara marto maTi

wevrebis uflebebi. swored amitom, miuxedavad imisa rom yvela mSromeli ver iqneba

maTi wevri, profkavSirebi dauRalavad ibrZvian yvela mSromelisTvis uzrunvelyon

Tanasworoba,Rirseuli samuSao adgili,socialuri dacva da ar dauSvan bavSvebis an

iZulebiTi Sroma. swored amitom, profkavSirebi zrunaven mTlianad sazogadoebaze

da ra Tqma unda, rac ufro mravalricxovani iqneba profkavSiris rigebi, miT ufro

gavleniani iqnebebian profkavSirebi.

ziani erTisTvis aris ziani yvelasTvis-es gaxlavT profkavSirebis erTi-erTi

yvelaze cnobili slogani da swored am mizeziT profkavSirebi SromiT migracias

sakuTar sazrunavad miiCnevs. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom migranti mSromelebi

sazogadoebis erT-erT yvelaze socialurad daucvel fenas warmoadgens, isini

saWiroeben gansakuTrebul yuradRebas da organizaciul Zalisxmevas da maTi

uflebebis efeqtur dacvas molaparakebis magidasTan.

migranti mSromelebis yvela jgufs sWirdeba daxmareba da amis gakeTeba yvelaze

ufro kargad swored profkavSirebs SeuZliaT.

sakuTar qveynebSi Rirseuli samuSao adgilebis naklebobis gaTvaliswinebiT,

ZiriTadi mizezi Tu ratom midian mSromelebi sakuTari qveynebidan ucxoeTSi,

gaxlavT swored Rirseuli samuSaos Zieba. Zalian bevri mSromeli globalizaciis

procesma TamaSgare mdgomareobaSi datova.

marTalia globalizaciam bevri sikeTe moitana, magram es sikeTeebi ar aris

gadanawilebuli Tanabrad da samarTlianad rogorc qveynebs Soris, aseve qveynebis

farglebs SigniT. uTanasworoba da usamarTloba profkavSirebis sazrunavs

warmoadgens da brZola siRaribis winaaRmdeg mTeli msoflios maStabiT

profkavSirebis istoriul funqciaa.

industriuli qveynebis umravlesobaSi samuSao Zalis nakleboba,xolo ganviTarebad

qveynebSi umuSevroba da mosaxleobis zrda es is tendenciebia, romlebis maRali

albaTobiT momavalSic gagrZeldeba, rac gamoiwvevs SromiTi migraciis Semdgom

zrdas. yovelive es, Tavis mxvriv iqneba globaluri ekonomikis Semdgomi zrdis

ZiriTadi mamoZravebeli Zala.

profkavSirulma moZraobam momavalSic gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda dauTmos

Rirseuli samuSao adgilebis xelmisawvdomobis sakiTxs,ar dauSvas,rom mTavrobebma

da damqiraveblebma SromiTi migrantebi gamoiyenon rogorc iafi muSaxeli da

daarRvion maTi adamianis da SromiTi uflebebi.

S.s.o

migranti mSromelebic mSromelebi arian

Rirseuli samuSao adgilis deficiti

migranti mSromlebi,miuxedavad maTi statusisa,upirveles yovlisa mSromelebi arian.

amdenad, maT aqvT gaerTianebis ufleba-ufleba daafuZnon da gawevriandnen

profkavSirebSi. mniSvnelovania gvaxsovdes,rom Tu sxvagvarad ar aris miTiTebuli,

-s mier dawesebuli yvela standarti Seexeba agreTve migrant mSromelebs.

Zalian xSirad, SromiTi migracia asocirdeba eqsploataciasTan da eqstremalur

SemTxvevebSi trefikingTan da bavSvTa SromasTan.

profkavSirebi mowodebulni arian daicvan yvela mSromelis da ara marto maTi

wevrebis uflebebi. swored amitom, miuxedavad imisa rom yvela mSromeli ver iqneba

maTi wevri, profkavSirebi dauRalavad ibrZvian yvela mSromelisTvis uzrunvelyon

Tanasworoba,Rirseuli samuSao adgili,socialuri dacva da ar dauSvan bavSvebis an

iZulebiTi Sroma. swored amitom, profkavSirebi zrunaven mTlianad sazogadoebaze

da ra Tqma unda, rac ufro mravalricxovani iqneba profkavSiris rigebi, miT ufro

gavleniani iqnebebian profkavSirebi.

ziani erTisTvis aris ziani yvelasTvis-es gaxlavT profkavSirebis erTi-erTi

yvelaze cnobili slogani da swored am mizeziT profkavSirebi SromiT migracias

sakuTar sazrunavad miiCnevs. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom migranti mSromelebi

sazogadoebis erT-erT yvelaze socialurad daucvel fenas warmoadgens, isini

saWiroeben gansakuTrebul yuradRebas da organizaciul Zalisxmevas da maTi

uflebebis efeqtur dacvas molaparakebis magidasTan.

migranti mSromelebis yvela jgufs sWirdeba daxmareba da amis gakeTeba yvelaze

ufro kargad swored profkavSirebs SeuZliaT.

sakuTar qveynebSi Rirseuli samuSao adgilebis naklebobis gaTvaliswinebiT,

ZiriTadi mizezi Tu ratom midian mSromelebi sakuTari qveynebidan ucxoeTSi,

gaxlavT swored Rirseuli samuSaos Zieba. Zalian bevri mSromeli globalizaciis

procesma TamaSgare mdgomareobaSi datova.

marTalia globalizaciam bevri sikeTe moitana, magram es sikeTeebi ar aris

gadanawilebuli Tanabrad da samarTlianad rogorc qveynebs Soris, aseve qveynebis

farglebs SigniT. uTanasworoba da usamarTloba profkavSirebis sazrunavs

warmoadgens da brZola siRaribis winaaRmdeg mTeli msoflios maStabiT

profkavSirebis istoriul funqciaa.

industriuli qveynebis umravlesobaSi samuSao Zalis nakleboba,xolo ganviTarebad

qveynebSi umuSevroba da mosaxleobis zrda es is tendenciebia, romlebis maRali

albaTobiT momavalSic gagrZeldeba, rac gamoiwvevs SromiTi migraciis Semdgom

zrdas. yovelive es, Tavis mxvriv iqneba globaluri ekonomikis Semdgomi zrdis

ZiriTadi mamoZravebeli Zala.

profkavSirulma moZraobam momavalSic gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda dauTmos

Rirseuli samuSao adgilebis xelmisawvdomobis sakiTxs,ar dauSvas,rom mTavrobebma

da damqiraveblebma SromiTi migrantebi gamoiyenon rogorc iafi muSaxeli da

daarRvion maTi adamianis da SromiTi uflebebi.

S.s.o


9

profkavSiruli moZraobisTvis siZlieris da gadarCenis wyaro

profkavSiruli moZraobisTvis garda moraluri valdebulebisa daicvas adamianis

uflebebi da iyos solidaruli, kidev erTi mniSvnelovani mizezi misi aqtiuri

CarTulobisa SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebSi gaxlavT is, rom migranti mSromelebis

muSaobis organizirebis saSualebiT profkavSirebs axali wevrebi da Sesabamisad

“axali sisxli” Seemateba. ganviTarebul qveynebSi SromiTi bazris saxecvlilebam

profkavSiris wevrebis ricxovnebis Semcireba gamoiwvia im seqtorebSic ki, sadac

adre profkavSirebi mravalricxovani wevrebiT iyvnen warmodgenilni da Zlieri

poziciebi ekavaT. amasTanave,gaizarda profkavSiris wevrebis saSualo asaki.

profkavSiruli moZraobis gadasarCenad da gasaZliereblad uaRresad

mniSvnelovania im seqtorebSi muSaobis gaZliereba da axali wevrebiT Sevseba,sadac

manmade maT susti poziciebi ekavaT. rogorc wesi,migranti mSromelebis umravlesoba,

maT Soris isinic,visac ar gaaCniaT Sesabamisi dokumentebi,swored aseT seqtorebSia

dasaqmebuli da maTTan uflebebze-dafuZnebuli midgomebiT aqtiuri muSaoba

profkavSiruli moZraobis erTi-erTi mniSvnelovani prioriteti unda gaxdes.

aralegalurad mumuSave migrantebis mimarT SemzRudavi da represiuli politikis

mxardaWera naklebad savaraudos gaxdis migranti mSromelebis survils

gawevriandnen profkavSirebSi.

realurad, mSromeli migrantebi ekuTvnian adamianebis im kategorias, romelTac

sWirdebaT da survili aqvT gawevriandnen profkavSirebSi. bevri saCivari, romelic

Semotanil iqna S.s.o-Si Semoitanes swored migrantma mSromelebma, romelsac uari

eTqvaT gamoeyenebinaT sakuTari ufleba organizaciis Seqmnaze an arsebul

organizaciebSi gawevrianebaze. soflis meurneobaSi, mSeneblobaSi, jandacvis da

saojaxo momsaxurebis, eleqronuli mowyobilobebis, teqstilis warmoebis,

mrewvelobis, sastumro da restornebis qselebis sferoSi dasaqmebuli migranti

mSrobelebis xvedriTi wili gaizarda da agrZelebs zrdas. xSir SemTxvevebSi,

mrewvelobis sxvadasxva sferoSi dasaqmebuli migrantebi ganicdian eqsploatacias,

aqvT dabali xelfasebi da Sromis cudi pirobebi.

profkavSiruli moZraobisTvis siZlieris da gadarCenis wyaro

profkavSiruli moZraobisTvis garda moraluri valdebulebisa daicvas adamianis

uflebebi da iyos solidaruli, kidev erTi mniSvnelovani mizezi misi aqtiuri

CarTulobisa SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebSi gaxlavT is, rom migranti mSromelebis

muSaobis organizirebis saSualebiT profkavSirebs axali wevrebi da Sesabamisad

“axali sisxli” Seemateba. ganviTarebul qveynebSi SromiTi bazris saxecvlilebam

profkavSiris wevrebis ricxovnebis Semcireba gamoiwvia im seqtorebSic ki, sadac

adre profkavSirebi mravalricxovani wevrebiT iyvnen warmodgenilni da Zlieri

poziciebi ekavaT. amasTanave,gaizarda profkavSiris wevrebis saSualo asaki.

profkavSiruli moZraobis gadasarCenad da gasaZliereblad uaRresad

mniSvnelovania im seqtorebSi muSaobis gaZliereba da axali wevrebiT Sevseba,sadac

manmade maT susti poziciebi ekavaT. rogorc wesi,migranti mSromelebis umravlesoba,

maT Soris isinic,visac ar gaaCniaT Sesabamisi dokumentebi,swored aseT seqtorebSia

dasaqmebuli da maTTan uflebebze-dafuZnebuli midgomebiT aqtiuri muSaoba

profkavSiruli moZraobis erTi-erTi mniSvnelovani prioriteti unda gaxdes.

aralegalurad mumuSave migrantebis mimarT SemzRudavi da represiuli politikis

mxardaWera naklebad savaraudos gaxdis migranti mSromelebis survils

gawevriandnen profkavSirebSi.

realurad, mSromeli migrantebi ekuTvnian adamianebis im kategorias, romelTac

sWirdebaT da survili aqvT gawevriandnen profkavSirebSi. bevri saCivari, romelic

Semotanil iqna S.s.o-Si Semoitanes swored migrantma mSromelebma, romelsac uari

eTqvaT gamoeyenebinaT sakuTari ufleba organizaciis Seqmnaze an arsebul

organizaciebSi gawevrianebaze. soflis meurneobaSi, mSeneblobaSi, jandacvis da

saojaxo momsaxurebis, eleqronuli mowyobilobebis, teqstilis warmoebis,

mrewvelobis, sastumro da restornebis qselebis sferoSi dasaqmebuli migranti

mSrobelebis xvedriTi wili gaizarda da agrZelebs zrdas. xSir SemTxvevebSi,

mrewvelobis sxvadasxva sferoSi dasaqmebuli migrantebi ganicdian eqsploatacias,

aqvT dabali xelfasebi da Sromis cudi pirobebi.

amJamad,SromiTi migracia gaxlavT swored is arena,romelzec mimdinareobs brZola

profkavSirebsa da kapitals Soris iseT sakiTxebze, rogorebicaa qonebis

gadanawileba, mSromelebis samuSao pirobebis da maTi uflebebis damcveli

sakanonmdeblo regulaciebis (an deregulaciebis) masStabebi, mSromelebis unari

daafuZnon an gawevriandnen arsebul profkavSirebSi. ra mdgomareobaSi iqnebian

mSromeli migrantebi SesaZloa ganmsazRvreli aRmoCndes mTlianad mSromeli

mosaxleobisaTvis.

globalizaciam siRrmiseuli gavlena iqonia Camoyalibebuli industriuli

ekonomikis qveynebze, ris Sedegadac mSromelebis samuSao adgilebis xarisxi

gauaresda, gaizarda samuSao saaTebis raodenoba da gaizarda stresebi, amasTanave

Semcirda profkavSirebSi gaerTianebuli mSromelebis raodenoba. upatiosno

damqiravleblebi migrant mSromelebs iyeneben rogorc “rezervs”, romelic mzadaa

imuSaos dabal xelfasze, ufro grZeli samuSao dRis ganmavlobaSi da uares

pirobebSi vidre adgilobrivma mSromelebma da yovelive es xdeba im pirobebSi,

rodesac isini ar imyofebian profkavSirebis dacvis qveS.

dRes gavrcelebuli tendenciebi, kerZod, aramdgradi samuSao kontraqtebi, sub-

kontraqtebi, aranormirebuli samuSao saaTebi, mSromelebis damokidebuleba

damqiravebelze da aradeklarirebuli samuSao Tavidan gamoscades migrant

mSromelebze da Semdeg am praqtikis ganvrcoba moxda yvela mSromelze.

amJamad,SromiTi migracia gaxlavT swored is arena,romelzec mimdinareobs brZola

profkavSirebsa da kapitals Soris iseT sakiTxebze, rogorebicaa qonebis

gadanawileba, mSromelebis samuSao pirobebis da maTi uflebebis damcveli

sakanonmdeblo regulaciebis (an deregulaciebis) masStabebi, mSromelebis unari

daafuZnon an gawevriandnen arsebul profkavSirebSi. ra mdgomareobaSi iqnebian

mSromeli migrantebi SesaZloa ganmsazRvreli aRmoCndes mTlianad mSromeli

mosaxleobisaTvis.

globalizaciam siRrmiseuli gavlena iqonia Camoyalibebuli industriuli

ekonomikis qveynebze, ris Sedegadac mSromelebis samuSao adgilebis xarisxi

gauaresda, gaizarda samuSao saaTebis raodenoba da gaizarda stresebi, amasTanave

Semcirda profkavSirebSi gaerTianebuli mSromelebis raodenoba. upatiosno

damqiravleblebi migrant mSromelebs iyeneben rogorc “rezervs”, romelic mzadaa

imuSaos dabal xelfasze, ufro grZeli samuSao dRis ganmavlobaSi da uares

pirobebSi vidre adgilobrivma mSromelebma da yovelive es xdeba im pirobebSi,

rodesac isini ar imyofebian profkavSirebis dacvis qveS.

dRes gavrcelebuli tendenciebi, kerZod, aramdgradi samuSao kontraqtebi, sub-

kontraqtebi, aranormirebuli samuSao saaTebi, mSromelebis damokidebuleba

damqiravebelze da aradeklarirebuli samuSao Tavidan gamoscades migrant

mSromelebze da Semdeg am praqtikis ganvrcoba moxda yvela mSromelze.


migranti mSromelebisadmi uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgoma - saukeTeso

meTodi gaxlavT yvela mSromelis dasacavad.

migranti mSromelebisadmi uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgoma - saukeTeso

meTodi gaxlavT yvela mSromelis dasacavad.

1-

li

Ta

vi

10

ra aris gamosavali?

am kiTxvaze pasuxi SemdgomSi mdgomareobs

- SromiTi kanonmdebloba da koleqtiuri

SeTanxmebebi unda gavrceldes migrant

mSromelebzec, Sromis inspeqtorebma ar

unda dauSvan maTi eqsploatacia da

migranti mSromelebi unda gawevriandnen

profkavSirebSi. Tu mSromel migrantebs

miecemaT iseTive xelfasi da isargeble-

ben iseTive SeRavaTebiT, rogorc

adgilobrivi mSromelebi, maSin maTze

SeuZlebeli iqneba iseTi uaryofiTi

sacdeli praqtikis gamoyeneba, romelic

SemdgomSi SesaZloa gamoyenebul iqnas

adgilobrivi mSromelebis mimarT.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda daeTmos

Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone mSrome-

lebis sakiTxs. rodesac Sroma xdeba

aralegaluri,damqiravebels xelT upyria

Zlieri zegavlenis instrumenti raTa ar

dauSvas mSromelebis gawevrianeba

profkavSirebSi da xeli SeuSalos maT

brZolas samuSao pirobebis gasaumjo-

beseblad. rodesac migranti mSromelebi

mowyvladni arian, maTi meorexarisxovani

statusi gamoiyeneba ara marto maT

winaaRmdeg, aramed zogadad sxva

mSromelebis winaaRmdegac.

ra aris gamosavali?

am kiTxvaze pasuxi SemdgomSi mdgomareobs

- SromiTi kanonmdebloba da koleqtiuri

SeTanxmebebi unda gavrceldes migrant

mSromelebzec, Sromis inspeqtorebma ar

unda dauSvan maTi eqsploatacia da

migranti mSromelebi unda gawevriandnen

profkavSirebSi. Tu mSromel migrantebs

miecemaT iseTive xelfasi da isargeble-

ben iseTive SeRavaTebiT, rogorc

adgilobrivi mSromelebi, maSin maTze

SeuZlebeli iqneba iseTi uaryofiTi

sacdeli praqtikis gamoyeneba, romelic

SemdgomSi SesaZloa gamoyenebul iqnas

adgilobrivi mSromelebis mimarT.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda daeTmos

Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone mSrome-

lebis sakiTxs. rodesac Sroma xdeba

aralegaluri,damqiravebels xelT upyria

Zlieri zegavlenis instrumenti raTa ar

dauSvas mSromelebis gawevrianeba

profkavSirebSi da xeli SeuSalos maT

brZolas samuSao pirobebis gasaumjo-

beseblad. rodesac migranti mSromelebi

mowyvladni arian, maTi meorexarisxovani

statusi gamoiyeneba ara marto maT

winaaRmdeg, aramed zogadad sxva

mSromelebis winaaRmdegac.

SromiTi migraciisadmi uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomis danergva ara marto ar

dauSvebs migranti mSromelebis eqsploatacias, aramed agreTve daexmareba

mSromelebs sakuTar brZolaSi im upatiosno damqiravleblebis winaaRmdeg,

romlebic cdiloben adgilobrivi da migranti mSromelebi urTierTkonkurenciis

reJimSi amyofon.

SromiTi migraciisadmi uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomis danergva ara marto ar

dauSvebs migranti mSromelebis eqsploatacias, aramed agreTve daexmareba

mSromelebs sakuTar brZolaSi im upatiosno damqiravleblebis winaaRmdeg,

romlebic cdiloben adgilobrivi da migranti mSromelebi urTierTkonkurenciis

reJimSi amyofon.

monawileobis miReba politikis SemuSavebaSi

im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac qveynis mTavrobebi icaven sakuTar Tavze aRebul

saerTaSoriso valdebulebebs da pativs scemen adamianis uflebebs, maT gaaCniaT

suverenuli ufleba Tavad gadawyviton vin SemouSvan da vin ara sakuTar

teritoriaze.

magram, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom saemigracio politika kavSirSia Sromis bazris

sakiTxebTan,profkavSirebs gaaCniaT sruli ufleba CaerTon am sakiTxebis mogvarebis

procesSi da maT pozicias jerovani yuradReba unda daeTmos SromiTi migraciis

politikis SemuSavebisas. profkavSirebs (da daqiravebul mSromelebs) yvelaze

kargad SeuZliaT Seafason Sromis bazris saWiroebebi.

SromiTi migracia ar gaxlavT sakanonmdeblo, samarTaldamcavi an sazRvris dacvis

sakiTxi. migranti mSromelebic mSromelebi arian. amdenad,profkavSirebi bunebrivad

dainteresebuli arian migranti mSromelebis samuSao pirobebiT.

xSirad, mTavrobebis politika SromiTi migraciis sferoSi dafuZnebulia

moklevadian interesebze da saarCevno gaTvlebze. uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomis

danergviT (maT Soris migranti mSromelebis dacvis saerTaSoriso dokumentis

ratifikacia), profkavSirebi xels uwyoben ufro myari da prognozirebadi

migraciuli procesis Camoyalibebas, rac Tavis mxriv sikeTis momtani iqneba yvela

mxarisaTvis. Tu gvsurs rom sityva gveTqmodes am TvalsazrisiT,dauyovnebliv unda

amoviRoT xma.

monawileobis miReba politikis SemuSavebaSi

im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac qveynis mTavrobebi icaven sakuTar Tavze aRebul

saerTaSoriso valdebulebebs da pativs scemen adamianis uflebebs, maT gaaCniaT

suverenuli ufleba Tavad gadawyviton vin SemouSvan da vin ara sakuTar

teritoriaze.

magram, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom saemigracio politika kavSirSia Sromis bazris

sakiTxebTan,profkavSirebs gaaCniaT sruli ufleba CaerTon am sakiTxebis mogvarebis

procesSi da maT pozicias jerovani yuradReba unda daeTmos SromiTi migraciis

politikis SemuSavebisas. profkavSirebs (da daqiravebul mSromelebs) yvelaze

kargad SeuZliaT Seafason Sromis bazris saWiroebebi.

SromiTi migracia ar gaxlavT sakanonmdeblo, samarTaldamcavi an sazRvris dacvis

sakiTxi. migranti mSromelebic mSromelebi arian. amdenad,profkavSirebi bunebrivad

dainteresebuli arian migranti mSromelebis samuSao pirobebiT.

xSirad, mTavrobebis politika SromiTi migraciis sferoSi dafuZnebulia

moklevadian interesebze da saarCevno gaTvlebze. uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomis

danergviT (maT Soris migranti mSromelebis dacvis saerTaSoriso dokumentis

ratifikacia), profkavSirebi xels uwyoben ufro myari da prognozirebadi

migraciuli procesis Camoyalibebas, rac Tavis mxriv sikeTis momtani iqneba yvela

mxarisaTvis. Tu gvsurs rom sityva gveTqmodes am TvalsazrisiT,dauyovnebliv unda

amoviRoT xma.


11

globalur doneze, profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konferderacia ( ) da

regionaluri profkavSiruli organizaciebi, iseve rogorc seqtorul doneze

globaluri profkavSirebis federaciebi( ) sul ufro da ufro prioritetulad

miiCneven migranti mSromelebis Temas da Zal-Rones ar iSureben raTa dainergos

uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgoma.

21-e saukunis dasawyisSi, bevri qveyana multi-kulturuli, multi-eTnikuri, multi-

lingvisturi, multi-rasuli da multi-religiuri xdeba. amasTanave, saxezea sul

ufro mzardi agresia da Zaladobis gamovlinebebi ucxoelebis-migrantebis,

ltolvilebis,emigrantebis,studentebis da turistebis mimarT.

eqstremisti nacionalistebis jgufebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb cru miTebis

propagandas axdenen da am problemas saTave didi xnis win daedo. 1949 wels mis

mier miRebuli migracia dasaqmebisTvis rekomendaciebiT(ganaxlebuli), (#86)

mouwodebda qveynebs “gadadgan yvela nabiji raTa SeewinaaRmdegon gavrcelebul

propagandas emigraciis da imigraciis sakiTxebSi” (danarTi,me-2 muxli).

unda aRiniSnos,rom is eqstremisti Sovinisturi jgufebi,romlebic mtrulad arian

ganwyobilni migranti mSromlebis mimarT, verasodes ver iqnebian profkavSirebis

megobrebi. eqstremistebi cdiloben mSromelebis dayofas maTi rasobrivi,religiuri

da erovnuli kuTvnilebis safuZvelze. profkavSirebma kargad ician,rom mSromelebis

erTmaneTisgan gaucxoeba momakvdinebelia saerTo saqmisTvis.

rasizmis da qsenofobiis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi profkavSirebi wamyvan rols

TamaSoben. 2007 wlis dekemberSi, profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederaciam

SeimuSava profkavSirebis muSaobis strategia. -s generaluri mdivnis moadgilem

mamunata sissem ganacxada `rasizmis da qsenofobiis winaaRmdeg brZola, adamianis

uflebebis, Tanasworobis da mravalferovnebis principebis propaganda yoveli

profkavSiruli organizaciis misiis ganuyofeli nawilia. kerZod,swored migrantebi

dganan rasizmis safrTxis winaSe.”

ITUC

GUF

ITUC

rasizmis da qsenofobiis winaaRmdeg brZola

S.s.o

globalur doneze, profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konferderacia ( ) da

regionaluri profkavSiruli organizaciebi, iseve rogorc seqtorul doneze

globaluri profkavSirebis federaciebi( ) sul ufro da ufro prioritetulad

miiCneven migranti mSromelebis Temas da Zal-Rones ar iSureben raTa dainergos

uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgoma.

21-e saukunis dasawyisSi, bevri qveyana multi-kulturuli, multi-eTnikuri, multi-

lingvisturi, multi-rasuli da multi-religiuri xdeba. amasTanave, saxezea sul

ufro mzardi agresia da Zaladobis gamovlinebebi ucxoelebis-migrantebis,

ltolvilebis,emigrantebis,studentebis da turistebis mimarT.

eqstremisti nacionalistebis jgufebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb cru miTebis

propagandas axdenen da am problemas saTave didi xnis win daedo. 1949 wels mis

mier miRebuli migracia dasaqmebisTvis rekomendaciebiT(ganaxlebuli), (#86)

mouwodebda qveynebs “gadadgan yvela nabiji raTa SeewinaaRmdegon gavrcelebul

propagandas emigraciis da imigraciis sakiTxebSi” (danarTi,me-2 muxli).

unda aRiniSnos,rom is eqstremisti Sovinisturi jgufebi,romlebic mtrulad arian

ganwyobilni migranti mSromlebis mimarT, verasodes ver iqnebian profkavSirebis

megobrebi. eqstremistebi cdiloben mSromelebis dayofas maTi rasobrivi,religiuri

da erovnuli kuTvnilebis safuZvelze. profkavSirebma kargad ician,rom mSromelebis

erTmaneTisgan gaucxoeba momakvdinebelia saerTo saqmisTvis.

rasizmis da qsenofobiis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi profkavSirebi wamyvan rols

TamaSoben. 2007 wlis dekemberSi, profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederaciam

SeimuSava profkavSirebis muSaobis strategia. -s generaluri mdivnis moadgilem

mamunata sissem ganacxada `rasizmis da qsenofobiis winaaRmdeg brZola, adamianis

uflebebis, Tanasworobis da mravalferovnebis principebis propaganda yoveli

profkavSiruli organizaciis misiis ganuyofeli nawilia. kerZod,swored migrantebi

dganan rasizmis safrTxis winaSe.”

ITUC

GUF

ITUC

rasizmis da qsenofobiis winaaRmdeg brZola

S.s.o


masmediis roli

evropaSi, masmedia eTnikuri, kulturuli da religiuri umciresobebis da

migrantebis Sesaxeb axali ambebis gaSuqebisas aramarTlzomierad did

yuradRebas uTmobs eTnikuri umciresobebis da migrantebis mier Cadenil

danaSauls. Tu erTxel Camoyalibda uaryofiTi stereotipi migrantebis da

eTnikuri umciresobebis winaaRmdeg, SemdgomSi am stereotipebis aRmofxvra

Zalian rTulia.

globaluri angariSi, Sromis saerTaSoriso konferencia,

2003 weli.

Time for equality at work,

masmediis roli

evropaSi, masmedia eTnikuri, kulturuli da religiuri umciresobebis da

migrantebis Sesaxeb axali ambebis gaSuqebisas aramarTlzomierad did

yuradRebas uTmobs eTnikuri umciresobebis da migrantebis mier Cadenil

danaSauls. Tu erTxel Camoyalibda uaryofiTi stereotipi migrantebis da

eTnikuri umciresobebis winaaRmdeg, SemdgomSi am stereotipebis aRmofxvra

Zalian rTulia.

globaluri angariSi, Sromis saerTaSoriso konferencia,

2003 weli.

Time for equality at work,1-

li

Ta

vi

12

genderuli diskriminacia

daskvna

migranti qalebis procentuli xvedriTi wilis zrda migraciis tendenciebSi

mniSvnelovan cvlilebas warmoadgens. wina wlebSi,migranti qalebi (zogjer sakuTar

SvilebTan erTad) migraciaSi midiodnen “ojaxTan SeerTebis” mizniT da isini

ubralod diasaxlisebad miiCneodnen.

bolo dros,ufro da ufro meti qali migraciaSi samuSaos povnis mizniT miemgzavreba.

xSirad, maTi Sromis anazRaureba dabalia, ZiriTadad muSaoben e.w. “reproduqciuli

Sromis” sferoSi, rogoricaa muSaoba ojaxebSi, muSaoben damlageblebad,

momvlelebad da saavadmyofoebSi sanitrebad. rogorc wesi, maTi Sroma ar aris

saTanadod dafasebuli.

sul ufro da ufro mzardi “migraciis feminizaciis” pirobebSi,ojaxebi gayofilni

arian (rodesac ar arsebobs maTi SeerTebis SesaZlebloba) da am garemoebiT yvelaze

metad bavSvebi zaraldebian. migraciis sikeTeebis gaTvlisas, ar iTvaliswineben im

did socialur siduxWires,romelic mas Tan sdevs.

profkavSiruli moZraoba mzadaa bolomde ebrZolos genderuli diskriminaciis

nebismier gamovlenas yvela doneze, gansakuTrebiT imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom qali

migrantebi ormxrivi diskriminaciis qveS imyofebian.

samuSaos Sovnis mizniT migracia, anu SromiTi migracia, profkavSirebis sakiTxs da

sazrunavs warmoadgens. SromiTi migracia uSualo SemxeblobaSia adamianis

uflebebTan,Tanasworobis da Tanabari SesaZleblobebis principebTan; jandacvasTan

da Sromis usafrTxoebasTan, samuSao adgilebTan, socialur dacvasTan da

profkavSirul organizaciebTan. es sakiTxi ukavSirdeba trefikings,bavSvebis Sromas

da eqsploatacias, diskriminacias da profesiul treinings. yvela zemoTnaxsenebi

sakiTxi profkavSirebis sazrunavs warmoadgens. SromiTi migracia mSromelTa

samyarosTvis sasicocxlod mniSvnelovani sakiTxia da misi ignorireba dauSvebelia.

mTavrobebma ukve daiwyes sakuTari politikis SemuSaveba SromiTi migraciis

sakiTxebze da Rebuloben Sesabamis kanonmdeblobas. Tu Cven gvsurs sityva

gveTqmodes am sakiTxze,dauyovnebliv unda avimaRloT xma.

genderuli diskriminacia

daskvna

migranti qalebis procentuli xvedriTi wilis zrda migraciis tendenciebSi

mniSvnelovan cvlilebas warmoadgens. wina wlebSi,migranti qalebi (zogjer sakuTar

SvilebTan erTad) migraciaSi midiodnen “ojaxTan SeerTebis” mizniT da isini

ubralod diasaxlisebad miiCneodnen.

bolo dros,ufro da ufro meti qali migraciaSi samuSaos povnis mizniT miemgzavreba.

xSirad, maTi Sromis anazRaureba dabalia, ZiriTadad muSaoben e.w. “reproduqciuli

Sromis” sferoSi, rogoricaa muSaoba ojaxebSi, muSaoben damlageblebad,

momvlelebad da saavadmyofoebSi sanitrebad. rogorc wesi, maTi Sroma ar aris

saTanadod dafasebuli.

sul ufro da ufro mzardi “migraciis feminizaciis” pirobebSi,ojaxebi gayofilni

arian (rodesac ar arsebobs maTi SeerTebis SesaZlebloba) da am garemoebiT yvelaze

metad bavSvebi zaraldebian. migraciis sikeTeebis gaTvlisas, ar iTvaliswineben im

did socialur siduxWires,romelic mas Tan sdevs.

profkavSiruli moZraoba mzadaa bolomde ebrZolos genderuli diskriminaciis

nebismier gamovlenas yvela doneze, gansakuTrebiT imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom qali

migrantebi ormxrivi diskriminaciis qveS imyofebian.

samuSaos Sovnis mizniT migracia, anu SromiTi migracia, profkavSirebis sakiTxs da

sazrunavs warmoadgens. SromiTi migracia uSualo SemxeblobaSia adamianis

uflebebTan,Tanasworobis da Tanabari SesaZleblobebis principebTan; jandacvasTan

da Sromis usafrTxoebasTan, samuSao adgilebTan, socialur dacvasTan da

profkavSirul organizaciebTan. es sakiTxi ukavSirdeba trefikings,bavSvebis Sromas

da eqsploatacias, diskriminacias da profesiul treinings. yvela zemoTnaxsenebi

sakiTxi profkavSirebis sazrunavs warmoadgens. SromiTi migracia mSromelTa

samyarosTvis sasicocxlod mniSvnelovani sakiTxia da misi ignorireba dauSvebelia.

mTavrobebma ukve daiwyes sakuTari politikis SemuSaveba SromiTi migraciis

sakiTxebze da Rebuloben Sesabamis kanonmdeblobas. Tu Cven gvsurs sityva

gveTqmodes am sakiTxze,dauyovnebliv unda avimaRloT xma.


13

profkavSiris winaSe mdgari amocanebi

am sakiTxze profkavSirebs SeuZliaT imuSaon oTxi mimarTulebiT:

1. profkavSirebi aqtiurad unda CaerTon migraciis politikis SemuSavebasa da

marTvaSi,raTa maqsimaluri sikeTe naxon mSromelebma da Semcirdes migraciis

Tanmdevi uaryofiTi movlenebis simwvave. profkavSirebis midgoma mdgomareobs

SemdegSi-migranti mSromelebi ar warmoadgenen “problemas”. migranti

mSromelebi arian adamianebi, romlebic cdiloben gaaumjobeson sakuTari

cxovreba da Sesabamis mopyrobas imsaxureben.

2. mSromelebTan da sazogadoebasTan awarmoos sainformacio muSaoba qveynebis

doneze. rasizmi da eTnikuri kuTvnileba xSirad gamoiyeneba mSromelTa

rigebis gasaxleCad. profkavSirebi uSualod unda daukavSirdnen sakuTar

wevrebs da mSromelebs da acnobon maT arsebuli faqtebis Sesaxeb da

gafanton rasistuli organizaciebis mier gavrcelebuli miTebi da sicrueebi

mSromeli migrantebis Sesaxeb.

3. iTanamSromlos sxva qveynebis profkavSirul organizaciebTan,rac gulismobs

migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis da maspinZeli qveynebis profkavSirebTan

mWidro TanamSromlobas. solidaroba ar gaxlavT erT-erTi SesaZlo arCevani

da arc mxolod profkavSirebis movaleoba. dRevandel globalizirebul

msoflioSi,es ubralod gardauvali aucileblobaa.

4. migranti mSromelebis organizireba. profkavSirebs kargad moexsenebaT, rom

maTi dacvis saukeTeso meTodi mSromeli migrantebis organizebaa. maTi

organizireba, anu profkavSirebSi gawevrianeba, warmatebis winapirobaa. am

saxelmZRvaneloSi ixilavT ara erT magaliTs, Tu rogor axdenen

profkavSirebi migranti mSromelebis organizebas.

profkavSirebis winaSe mdgari amocanebis ufro detalur ganxilvas ixilavT Semdgom

TavebSi.

profkavSiris winaSe mdgari amocanebi

am sakiTxze profkavSirebs SeuZliaT imuSaon oTxi mimarTulebiT:

1. profkavSirebi aqtiurad unda CaerTon migraciis politikis SemuSavebasa da

marTvaSi,raTa maqsimaluri sikeTe naxon mSromelebma da Semcirdes migraciis

Tanmdevi uaryofiTi movlenebis simwvave. profkavSirebis midgoma mdgomareobs

SemdegSi-migranti mSromelebi ar warmoadgenen “problemas”. migranti

mSromelebi arian adamianebi, romlebic cdiloben gaaumjobeson sakuTari

cxovreba da Sesabamis mopyrobas imsaxureben.

2. mSromelebTan da sazogadoebasTan awarmoos sainformacio muSaoba qveynebis

doneze. rasizmi da eTnikuri kuTvnileba xSirad gamoiyeneba mSromelTa

rigebis gasaxleCad. profkavSirebi uSualod unda daukavSirdnen sakuTar

wevrebs da mSromelebs da acnobon maT arsebuli faqtebis Sesaxeb da

gafanton rasistuli organizaciebis mier gavrcelebuli miTebi da sicrueebi

mSromeli migrantebis Sesaxeb.

3. iTanamSromlos sxva qveynebis profkavSirul organizaciebTan,rac gulismobs

migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis da maspinZeli qveynebis profkavSirebTan

mWidro TanamSromlobas. solidaroba ar gaxlavT erT-erTi SesaZlo arCevani

da arc mxolod profkavSirebis movaleoba. dRevandel globalizirebul

msoflioSi,es ubralod gardauvali aucileblobaa.

4. migranti mSromelebis organizireba. profkavSirebs kargad moexsenebaT, rom

maTi dacvis saukeTeso meTodi mSromeli migrantebis organizebaa. maTi

organizireba, anu profkavSirebSi gawevrianeba, warmatebis winapirobaa. am

saxelmZRvaneloSi ixilavT ara erT magaliTs, Tu rogor axdenen

profkavSirebi migranti mSromelebis organizebas.

profkavSirebis winaSe mdgari amocanebis ufro detalur ganxilvas ixilavT Semdgom

TavebSi.

�

�

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Tqvens qveyanaSi migraciis sakiTxi miiCneva rogorc samarTlebrivi da

samarTaldamcavi organoebis sakiTxi,Tu SromiT bazarTan asocirebuli Temaa?

aris Tu ara Tqvens qveyanaSi erovnuli uwyebebi, sammxrivi an sxva, romlebic

muSaoben migraciis sakiTxebze?

Seecadnen Tu ara eqstremistTa jgufebi daepirispirebinaT adgilobrivi

mSromelemi migrant mSromelebTan. dadebiTi pasuxis SemTxvevaSi, rogori iyo amaze

profkavSirebis reaqcia?

Tqvens qveyanaSi migraciis sakiTxi miiCneva rogorc samarTlebrivi da

samarTaldamcavi organoebis sakiTxi,Tu SromiT bazarTan asocirebuli Temaa?

aris Tu ara Tqvens qveyanaSi erovnuli uwyebebi, sammxrivi an sxva, romlebic

muSaoben migraciis sakiTxebze?

Seecadnen Tu ara eqstremistTa jgufebi daepirispirebinaT adgilobrivi

mSromelemi migrant mSromelebTan. dadebiTi pasuxis SemTxvevaSi, rogori iyo amaze

profkavSirebis reaqcia?


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1-li Tavis gansaxilveli sakiTxebi1-li Tavis gansaxilveli sakiTxebi

14


SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: ratom toveben adamianebi sakuTar qveyanas?

mizani: dagexmarebaT ifiqroT da imsjeloT dasmul kiTxvaze

amocana: 1. gaesaubreT or an sam adamians visac Tqven icnobT (megobrebi,ojaxis wevrebi, kolegebi,

mezoblebi) romlebsac (an maT visac es adamianebi icnoben) cxovrebis raRac etapze

dautovebiaT qveyana an regioni sadac isini daibadnen an gaizardnen.

2. SeavseT es cxrili da Tqveni daskvnebis Sesaxeb imsjeleT jgufis sxva wevrebTan.

1-li Tavis SemecnebiTi savarjiSo

vin (mag. Tqven-

TviTon

kolega

samuSaoze)

sad cxovrobdnen

manmade?

axla sad

cxovroben?

sad

gadavidnen?

gadasvlam ra

problemebi

mouxsna?

ra problemebi

gauCina?

15


SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: profkavSirebi da migranti mSromelebi

mizani: vifiqroT profkavSirebis mier warmarTul politikaze

amocana: 1 gadaxedeT saxelmZRvanelos am TavSi moyvanil argumentebs, romlebic adasturebs,

rom SromiTi migracia profkavSirebis sazrunavs warmoadgens.

2 Tqveni azriT, am TvalsazrisiT romeli argumentebia yvelaze mniSvnelovani?

3 xom ver moiyvandiT raime damatebiT argumentebs?

aqtivobebi: ifiqreT mSromeli migrantebis Sesaxeb.

mizani: gadavxedoT ramodenime arguments mSromeli migrantebis Sesaxeb

amocana: 1 ganixileT Semdegi winadadebebi da gadawyviteT, eTanxmebiT maT Tu ara. SearCieT erTi

adamiani, romelic moxsenebas gaakeTebs jgufis saxeliT. mzad iyaviT Tqveni pasuxebi

argumentebiT gaamyaroT.

2 “migranti mSromelebi ucxoeTSi muSaoben drois xanmokle periodis ganmavlobaSi da

amdenad ar Rirs Zalisxmevis gaweva maT organizebaze.”

3 “migranti mSromelebi mzad arian imuSavon nebismier xelfasze da samuSaos dakargvis,

policiis mier maTi dakavebis da deportaciis SiSiT,maT SeeSindebaT gawevriadnen

profkavSirul organizaciaSi”.

4 “ is migranti mSromelebi, romlebic cud mdgomareobaSi arian da isini vinc trefikingis

Sedegad aRmoCndnen ucxoeTSi,maT winaSe arsebul siduxWires mxolod sakuTar Tavs

unda abralebdnen. ucxoeTSi isini mxolod Sesabamisi dokumentebis qonis SemTxvevaSi

unda Casuliyvnen.”

5 “bevr Cven wevrs eSinia,rom maT samuSao adgilebs ucxoeli mSromelebi daisakuTreben

da mTlianobaSi sakmaod siRrmiseuli uaryofiTi damokidebulebaa migranti

mSromelebis mimarT. amdenad,migranti mSromelebis dacvis TvalsazrisiT, Cven ver

viqnebiT Seupovarni,radganac aseTma poziciam SeiZleba bevri Cveni organizaciis

wevri gaanawyenos.”

6 “Cven moqalaqeebs,romlebic ucxoeTSi Cavidnen SeuZliaT sakuTar Tavs Tavad mixedon.

Cven maT verafriT ver davexmarebiT.”

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17


SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: SromiTi migracia-visTvis moaqvs sikeTe?

mizani: sxvadasxva perspeqtividan ganvixoloT SromiTi migraciis dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi.

amocana: 1 Tqvens jgufSi SeavseT es cxrili

visi azriT...

arakvalificirebuli

migranti mSromeli

kvalificirebuli

migranti mSromeli

maspinZeli qveynis

mSromelebi

damqiraveblebi

migrantis warmoSobis

qveynis mTavroba

migrantis maspinZeli

qveynis mTavroba

migrantis warmoSobis

qveynis profkavSirebi

migrantis maspinZeli

qveynis profkavSirebi

dasaqmebis

saagentoebi

dadebiTi mxareebi uaryofiTi mxareebi

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19

m e - 2 T a v i

migranti mSromelebis samuSao

da sacxovrebeli pirobebi

me-2 Tavi Tvalis erTi gadavlebiT

am TavSi aRwerilia migranti mSromelebis sacxovrebeli da

samuSao pirobebi: maTi migraciis marSuti, maT mier

Sesrulebuli samuSaos ti pologia, maT mimarT

ganxorcielebuli diskriminacia-yovelive es ra Tqma unda

uaryofiTi gancdebis matarebelia mSromeli migrantebis

umravlesobisaTvis.


am TavSi aRwerilia migranti mSromelebis sacxovrebeli da

samuSao pirobebi: maTi migraciis marSuti, maT mier

Sesrulebuli samuSaos ti pologia, maT mimarT

ganxorcielebuli diskriminacia-yovelive es ra Tqma unda

uaryofiTi gancdebis matarebelia mSromeli migrantebis

umravlesobisaTvis.

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20

migranti mSromelebis aryofnis SemTxvevaSi, ganviTarebuli qveynebis umravlesoba

mniSvnelovan zarals naxavda. ismis kiTxva, ra sikeTes Rebuloben samagierod

migranti mSromelebi da maTi ojaxis wevrebi?

xSirad migrant mSromelebs 3- samuSaos Sesruleba uxdebaT: rTuli, saSiSi da

Seuracxmyofeli. didi xania rac ganviTarebuli da ganviTarebadi qveynebi migrant

mSromelebs iyeneben rogorc iaf muSaxels da am gziT inarCuneben im calkeuli

sawarmoebis da zogjer mTeli seqtoris mdgradobas, romlebic sxva SemTxvevaSi

arakonkurentunariani iqneboda.

sami rTuli,saSiSi,Seuracxmyofeli)D (Difficult, dangerous and degrading-

“ D”

migranti mSromelebis aryofnis SemTxvevaSi, ganviTarebuli qveynebis umravlesoba

mniSvnelovan zarals naxavda. ismis kiTxva, ra sikeTes Rebuloben samagierod

migranti mSromelebi da maTi ojaxis wevrebi?

xSirad migrant mSromelebs 3- samuSaos Sesruleba uxdebaT: rTuli, saSiSi da

Seuracxmyofeli. didi xania rac ganviTarebuli da ganviTarebadi qveynebi migrant

mSromelebs iyeneben rogorc iaf muSaxels da am gziT inarCuneben im calkeuli

sawarmoebis da zogjer mTeli seqtoris mdgradobas, romlebic sxva SemTxvevaSi

arakonkurentunariani iqneboda.

sami rTuli,saSiSi,Seuracxmyofeli)D (Difficult, dangerous and degrading-

“ D”

mravali garemoebis gaTvaliswinebiT,Sromis usafrTxoeba da janmrTeloba migranti

mSromelebisTvis mniSvnelovan sakiTxs warmoadgens:

rogorc wesi, migranti mSromelebi muSaoben iseT seqtorebSi, sadac sawarmoo

tramvebis da fataluri SemTxvevebis raodenoba maRalia. aseTi seqtorebia:

soflis meurneoba, mSenebloba, bunebrivi wiaRiseulis mompovebel sawarmoebSi

muSaoba,xorcis gadamuSaveba da a.S

enobrivi da kulturuli barierebis gamo migranti mSromelebisTvis ioli ar aris

kargad gaigon Sromis usafrTxoebis wesebi, janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli

wesebi da daeswron treiningebs.

bevri mSromeli migranti damatebiT saaTebs muSaobs, rac SesaZloa samuSao

adgilebze tramvebis da profesiuli daavadebebis xelSemwyobi faqtori gaxdes.

amasTanave, bevri migranti mSromelis sacxovrebeli pirobebi sakmaod cudia, rac

auaresebs maT janmrTelobas da Sesabamisad ufro mowyvlads xdis profesiuli

daavadebebisadmi.

imdenad ramdenadac migrantebi miiCnevian droebiT mSromelebad, damqiraveblebi

maTi treiningSi fuls ar deben.

evropaSi, samuSao adgilebze tramvebi da ubeduri SemTxvevebi migrant mSromelebSi

orjer metia ara-migrant mSromelebTan SedarebiT.

�

�

�

�

.

mravali garemoebis gaTvaliswinebiT,Sromis usafrTxoeba da janmrTeloba migranti

mSromelebisTvis mniSvnelovan sakiTxs warmoadgens:

rogorc wesi, migranti mSromelebi muSaoben iseT seqtorebSi, sadac sawarmoo

tramvebis da fataluri SemTxvevebis raodenoba maRalia. aseTi seqtorebia:

soflis meurneoba, mSenebloba, bunebrivi wiaRiseulis mompovebel sawarmoebSi

muSaoba,xorcis gadamuSaveba da a.S

enobrivi da kulturuli barierebis gamo migranti mSromelebisTvis ioli ar aris

kargad gaigon Sromis usafrTxoebis wesebi, janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli

wesebi da daeswron treiningebs.

bevri mSromeli migranti damatebiT saaTebs muSaobs, rac SesaZloa samuSao

adgilebze tramvebis da profesiuli daavadebebis xelSemwyobi faqtori gaxdes.

amasTanave, bevri migranti mSromelis sacxovrebeli pirobebi sakmaod cudia, rac

auaresebs maT janmrTelobas da Sesabamisad ufro mowyvlads xdis profesiuli

daavadebebisadmi.

imdenad ramdenadac migrantebi miiCnevian droebiT mSromelebad, damqiraveblebi

maTi treiningSi fuls ar deben.

evropaSi, samuSao adgilebze tramvebi da ubeduri SemTxvevebi migrant mSromelebSi

orjer metia ara-migrant mSromelebTan SedarebiT.

.

Sromis usafrTxoeba da janmrTeloba

safrTxeebi samuSao adgilze: usafrTxo Sromis da janmrTelobis organizeba, TUC, 2005.

ISBN: 978 1 85006 806 8

safrTxeebi samuSao adgilze: usafrTxo Sromis da janmrTelobis organizeba, TUC, 2005.

ISBN: 978 1 85006 806 8

10

10


21

gaerTianebis Tavisufleba

bevr migrant mSromels CamorTmeuli aqvs ufleba gawevriandes profkavSirebSi da

zogierT SemTxvevaSi es SezRudva oficialuradaa asaxuli kanonmdeblobaSi.

kuveitSi, migranti mSromelebi, romlebic saerTo samuSao Zalis daaxloebiT 80

procents Seadgenen,profkavSirebSi gawevrianebis uflebis misaRebad isini qveyanaSi

unda cxovrobdnen aranakleb 5 weli da hqondeT miRebuli serTifikati, romelic

daadasturebda maT moralur uryeobas. am SemTxvevaSic, maT ara aqvT xmis ufleba

profkavSirul arCevnebSi da ver daikaveben raime arCeviT profkavSirul Tanamdeobas.

sabednierod, es SezRudvebi moxsnilia Sromis kodeqsis axal proeqtSi. yirgizeTSi,

Sromis kodeqsi saerTod ar vrceldeba migrant mSromelebze. zogierT sxva

qveyanaSic arsebobs migrant mSromelebze sakanonmdeblo SezRudvebi, magaliTad-

mauritaniaSi, nikaraguaSi, ruandasa da venesuelaSi migrant mSromelebs ara aqvT

ufleba raime Tanamdeoba ekavoT am qveynebis profkavSirebSi. mxolod mcire

raodenobis migranti mSromelebisTvisaa xelmisawvdomi profkavSirebis wevroba da

isic SezRuduli formiT,rac aSkara winaaRmdegobaSi modis S.s.o-s konvenciebTan.

gaerTianebis Tavisufleba

bevr migrant mSromels CamorTmeuli aqvs ufleba gawevriandes profkavSirebSi da

zogierT SemTxvevaSi es SezRudva oficialuradaa asaxuli kanonmdeblobaSi.

kuveitSi, migranti mSromelebi, romlebic saerTo samuSao Zalis daaxloebiT 80

procents Seadgenen,profkavSirebSi gawevrianebis uflebis misaRebad isini qveyanaSi

unda cxovrobdnen aranakleb 5 weli da hqondeT miRebuli serTifikati, romelic

daadasturebda maT moralur uryeobas. am SemTxvevaSic, maT ara aqvT xmis ufleba

profkavSirul arCevnebSi da ver daikaveben raime arCeviT profkavSirul Tanamdeobas.

sabednierod, es SezRudvebi moxsnilia Sromis kodeqsis axal proeqtSi. yirgizeTSi,

Sromis kodeqsi saerTod ar vrceldeba migrant mSromelebze. zogierT sxva

qveyanaSic arsebobs migrant mSromelebze sakanonmdeblo SezRudvebi, magaliTad-

mauritaniaSi, nikaraguaSi, ruandasa da venesuelaSi migrant mSromelebs ara aqvT

ufleba raime Tanamdeoba ekavoT am qveynebis profkavSirebSi. mxolod mcire

raodenobis migranti mSromelebisTvisaa xelmisawvdomi profkavSirebis wevroba da

isic SezRuduli formiT,rac aSkara winaaRmdegobaSi modis S.s.o-s konvenciebTan.

es sakiTxi kidev ufro problematuria im migranti mSromelebisTvis,visac Sesabamisi

dokumentebi ar gaaCniaT da es garemoeba S.s.o-s gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetma

S.s.o-s konvenciis #87 (gaerTianebis Tavisufleba da organizebis uflebis dacva)

darRvevad miiCnia.

es sakiTxi kidev ufro problematuria im migranti mSromelebisTvis,visac Sesabamisi

dokumentebi ar gaaCniaT da es garemoeba S.s.o-s gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetma

S.s.o-s konvenciis #87 (gaerTianebis Tavisufleba da organizebis uflebis dacva)

darRvevad miiCnia.

araformalur seqtorSi momuSave mSromelebi daixrCvnen

2004 wlis TebervelSi, 23 migranti mSromeli CineTidan, romlebic yovelgvari

registraciis da socialuri dacvis gareSe morekambes yureSi, niu ingladi,

niJarebis mopovebiT samuSaoebs awarmoebdnen zRvaSi, movardnili Zlieri

Stormis Sedegad daiRupnen. maTma damqiravebelma kontraqtorma (gaerTianebul

samefoSi am kontraqtors moixseniebdnen rogorc gengmasteri") aranairi

winaswari usafrTxoebis instruqtaJi ar Cautara mSromelebs mosalodneli

safrTxis Sesaxeb.

profkavSirebis da sazogadoebis mxridan didi zewolis Semdeg, gaerTianebuli

samefos mTavroba iZulebuli Seiqmna mieRo kanoni, romelic gaakontrolebda

msgavsi gengmasterebis saqmianobas.

axali sakanonmdeblo aqti (licenzia) miRebul iqna 2004, romelic

iTvaliswinebda sisxlis samarTlebliv pasuxismgeblobas im kompaniebisaTvis,

romlebic muSaxels asaqmebnen Sesabamisi licenziis gareSe. sasjeli

iTvaliswinebs aT wlamde patimrobas.

“

“ ”

araformalur seqtorSi momuSave mSromelebi daixrCvnen

2004 wlis TebervelSi, 23 migranti mSromeli CineTidan, romlebic yovelgvari

registraciis da socialuri dacvis gareSe morekambes yureSi, niu ingladi,

niJarebis mopovebiT samuSaoebs awarmoebdnen zRvaSi, movardnili Zlieri

Stormis Sedegad daiRupnen. maTma damqiravebelma kontraqtorma (gaerTianebul

samefoSi am kontraqtors moixseniebdnen rogorc gengmasteri") aranairi

winaswari usafrTxoebis instruqtaJi ar Cautara mSromelebs mosalodneli

safrTxis Sesaxeb.

profkavSirebis da sazogadoebis mxridan didi zewolis Semdeg, gaerTianebuli

samefos mTavroba iZulebuli Seiqmna mieRo kanoni, romelic gaakontrolebda

msgavsi gengmasterebis saqmianobas.

axali sakanonmdeblo aqti (licenzia) miRebul iqna 2004, romelic

iTvaliswinebda sisxlis samarTlebliv pasuxismgeblobas im kompaniebisaTvis,

romlebic muSaxels asaqmebnen Sesabamisi licenziis gareSe. sasjeli

iTvaliswinebs aT wlamde patimrobas.

“

“ ”

miRebul unda iqnas iseTi moqnili kanonmdebloba, romelic

saSualebas miscems organizaciebs airCion sakuTari liderebi

dabrkolebebis gareSe da maspinZel qveyanaSi gonierad sakmarisi

periodis cxovrebis Semdeg migranti mSromelebisTvis

xelmisawvdomi unda gaxdes profkavSirebSi Tanamdebobebis

dakaveba.

S.s.o-s gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komiteti, 290-e moxseneba, kazusi

#1612.

miRebul unda iqnas iseTi moqnili kanonmdebloba, romelic

saSualebas miscems organizaciebs airCion sakuTari liderebi

dabrkolebebis gareSe da maspinZel qveyanaSi gonierad sakmarisi

periodis cxovrebis Semdeg migranti mSromelebisTvis

xelmisawvdomi unda gaxdes profkavSirebSi Tanamdebobebis

dakaveba.

S.s.o-s gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komiteti, 290-e moxseneba, kazusi

#1612.


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S.s.o-s gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetis gadawyvetilebis Semdeg, espaneTis

sakonstitucio sasamarTlom aseTi debulebebis arseboba qveynis kanonmdeblobaSi

arakonstituciurad gamoacxada da daadastura is garemoeba, rom yvela migrant

mSromelze unda vrceldebodes gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis ufleba. es kazusi ufro

detaluradaa ganxiluli am saxelmZRvanelos me-5TavSi.

magram problema marto sakanonmdeblo xarvezebSi rodia. upatiosno damqiraveblebs

migranti mSromelebi samuSaoze ahyavT SemdgomSi maTi eqsploataciis mizniT. Tu

mSromelebi organizebulni iqnebian, maTi eqsploatacia rTuli iqneba. Tu migranti

mSromelebi aralegalurad imyofebian ucxo qveyanaSi, damqiraveblebs yovelTvis

aqvT saSualeba SantaJis qveS amyofon isini, kerZod daemuqron, rom maT Sesaxeb

informacias miawvdian Sesabamis organoebs,rasac maRali albaTobiT maTi Semdgomi

deportacia mohyveba. bevri qveyana migrant mSromelebze vizas gascems mxolod im

SemTxvevaSi, Tu maspinZeli qveynis konkretuli kompania Tanxmobas acxadebs vizis

maZiebeli migrantis samuSaoze ayvanaze. im SemTxvevaSi Tu damqiravebeli samuSaodan

daiTxovs migrant mSromels,mas avtomaturad CamoerTmeva qveyanaSi darCenis ufleba.

vizis gacemis mibma konkretul damqiravebelze eqsploataciis Zlieri xelSemwyobi

faqtoria. migrant mSromelebs unda mieceT ufleba gamoicvalon damqiravebeli da es

ar unda gaxdes maTvis savalalo Sedegis dadgomis mizezi. S.s.o-s konvenciis #143

(migranti mSromelebi (damatebiTi debulebebi)Tanaxmad, maT gaaCniaT aseTi ufleba

gonivruli drois periodis gasvlis (gonivruli vada gulisxmobs ara umetes 2 wels)

Semdeg.

zogadad, migranti mSromelebis xelfasebi ufro dabalia vidre adgilobrivi

mSromelebis xelfasebi. nawilobriv es SeiZleba aixsnas zogierTi migranti

mSromelis dabali kvalifikaciiT, magram nawilobriv amis mizezi gaxlavT migranti

mSromelebis mimarT ganxorcielebuli diskriminaciuli praqtika. xelfasebis

TvalsazrisiT gansxvavebebia TviT migrant mSromelebis jgufebs Soris. magaliTad,

migranti mSromeli qalebis xelfasebi ufro dabalia migranti mamakacebis

xelfasebTan SedarebiT.

xelfasebi

S.s.o-s gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetis gadawyvetilebis Semdeg, espaneTis

sakonstitucio sasamarTlom aseTi debulebebis arseboba qveynis kanonmdeblobaSi

arakonstituciurad gamoacxada da daadastura is garemoeba, rom yvela migrant

mSromelze unda vrceldebodes gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis ufleba. es kazusi ufro

detaluradaa ganxiluli am saxelmZRvanelos me-5TavSi.

magram problema marto sakanonmdeblo xarvezebSi rodia. upatiosno damqiraveblebs

migranti mSromelebi samuSaoze ahyavT SemdgomSi maTi eqsploataciis mizniT. Tu

mSromelebi organizebulni iqnebian, maTi eqsploatacia rTuli iqneba. Tu migranti

mSromelebi aralegalurad imyofebian ucxo qveyanaSi, damqiraveblebs yovelTvis

aqvT saSualeba SantaJis qveS amyofon isini, kerZod daemuqron, rom maT Sesaxeb

informacias miawvdian Sesabamis organoebs,rasac maRali albaTobiT maTi Semdgomi

deportacia mohyveba. bevri qveyana migrant mSromelebze vizas gascems mxolod im

SemTxvevaSi, Tu maspinZeli qveynis konkretuli kompania Tanxmobas acxadebs vizis

maZiebeli migrantis samuSaoze ayvanaze. im SemTxvevaSi Tu damqiravebeli samuSaodan

daiTxovs migrant mSromels,mas avtomaturad CamoerTmeva qveyanaSi darCenis ufleba.

vizis gacemis mibma konkretul damqiravebelze eqsploataciis Zlieri xelSemwyobi

faqtoria. migrant mSromelebs unda mieceT ufleba gamoicvalon damqiravebeli da es

ar unda gaxdes maTvis savalalo Sedegis dadgomis mizezi. S.s.o-s konvenciis #143

(migranti mSromelebi (damatebiTi debulebebi)Tanaxmad, maT gaaCniaT aseTi ufleba

gonivruli drois periodis gasvlis (gonivruli vada gulisxmobs ara umetes 2 wels)

Semdeg.

zogadad, migranti mSromelebis xelfasebi ufro dabalia vidre adgilobrivi

mSromelebis xelfasebi. nawilobriv es SeiZleba aixsnas zogierTi migranti

mSromelis dabali kvalifikaciiT, magram nawilobriv amis mizezi gaxlavT migranti

mSromelebis mimarT ganxorcielebuli diskriminaciuli praqtika. xelfasebis

TvalsazrisiT gansxvavebebia TviT migrant mSromelebis jgufebs Soris. magaliTad,

migranti mSromeli qalebis xelfasebi ufro dabalia migranti mamakacebis

xelfasebTan SedarebiT.

xelfasebi

bevr qveyanaSi dasaqmebasTan dakavSirebuli diskriminacia jer kidev farTod

gavrcelebuli praqtikaa da is mraval formaSi gvxdeba. xSirad, migranti

mSromelebis diskriminacia xorcieldeba maTi sqesis,rasis,eTnikuri warmomavlobis,

enis,moqalaqeobis,religiis an saemigracio statusis safuZvelze.

1999 wels,S.s.o-s konvenciis debulebebis da rekomendaciebis Sesrulebis sakiTxebze

momuSave damoukidebel eqspertTa komitetma aRniSna,rom:(CEACR)

bevr qveyanaSi dasaqmebasTan dakavSirebuli diskriminacia jer kidev farTod

gavrcelebuli praqtikaa da is mraval formaSi gvxdeba. xSirad, migranti

mSromelebis diskriminacia xorcieldeba maTi sqesis,rasis,eTnikuri warmomavlobis,

enis,moqalaqeobis,religiis an saemigracio statusis safuZvelze.

1999 wels,S.s.o-s konvenciis debulebebis da rekomendaciebis Sesrulebis sakiTxebze

momuSave damoukidebel eqspertTa komitetma aRniSna,rom:(CEACR)

diskriminacia

konvenciebis da rekomendaciebis Sesrulebis Semswavleli eqspertTa komiteti, daskvnebi migranti

mSromelebis Sesaxeb, 1999

http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/english/ceacrrepsq.htm

konvenciebis da rekomendaciebis Sesrulebis Semswavleli eqspertTa komiteti, daskvnebi migranti

mSromelebis Sesaxeb, 1999

http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/english/ceacrrepsq.htm

11

11


....dasaqmebis TvalsazrisiT migranti mSromeli qalebi ormagi diskriminaciis qveSimyofebian: pirveli, isini ucxoelebi arian da ganicdian iseTive diskriminaciasrogorc mamakaci mSromeli migrantebi; meore mizezi maTi diskriminaciisa maTisqesobrivi kuTvnilebaa da rogorc qalebi, xSirad xdebian warmoSobis da maspinZelqveynebSi arsebuli stereotipebis msxverpli imasTan dakavSirebiT,Tu sad aris qalisroli sazogadoebaSi,zogadad,da ufro konkretulad, sad aris qalis adgili Sromisbazarze. magaliTad, bevr qveyanaSi, qals ara aqvs ufleba wavides SromiT migraciaSiqmris nebarTvis gareSe,erTi da igive Rirebulebis Sromis Sesrulebisas qalebi naklebanazRaurebas iReben da qali migranti mSromelebis umravlesoba dakavebulia“tipiurad qalur” saqmeSi, sadac, rogorc wesi xelfasebi mniSvnelovnad dabalia damaTi saqmianoba yvelaze naklebad daculia SromiTi kanonmdeblobiT.

....dasaqmebis TvalsazrisiT migranti mSromeli qalebi ormagi diskriminaciis qveSimyofebian: pirveli, isini ucxoelebi arian da ganicdian iseTive diskriminaciasrogorc mamakaci mSromeli migrantebi; meore mizezi maTi diskriminaciisa maTisqesobrivi kuTvnilebaa da rogorc qalebi, xSirad xdebian warmoSobis da maspinZelqveynebSi arsebuli stereotipebis msxverpli imasTan dakavSirebiT,Tu sad aris qalisroli sazogadoebaSi,zogadad,da ufro konkretulad, sad aris qalis adgili Sromisbazarze. magaliTad, bevr qveyanaSi, qals ara aqvs ufleba wavides SromiT migraciaSiqmris nebarTvis gareSe,erTi da igive Rirebulebis Sromis Sesrulebisas qalebi naklebanazRaurebas iReben da qali migranti mSromelebis umravlesoba dakavebulia“tipiurad qalur” saqmeSi, sadac, rogorc wesi xelfasebi mniSvnelovnad dabalia damaTi saqmianoba yvelaze naklebad daculia SromiTi kanonmdeblobiT.

23

umuSevroba

socialuri dacva

rogorc wesi, migrant mSromelebSi umuSevrobis done ufro maRalia, vidre

adgilobriv mSromelebSi. ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis da ganviTarebis

organizaciis (mdidari industriuli qveynebis jgufi) gaTvlebiT, migranti

mamakacebi da qalebi orjer meti albaTobiT umuSevrebi arian vidre ara-migranti

mSromelebi.

zogierTi SeiZleba Seecados es faqti im argumentebiT axsnas, rom migrantebi

damokidebulni arian socialur daxmarebaze, Tumca namdvili mizezi ueWvelad

diskriminaciuli praqtikaa. S.s.o-s mier Catarebulma kvlevebma aCvenes,rom ucxouri

saxelis da gvari gamo, im migrant mSromelebsac ki, romlebsac adgilobriv

mSromelebTan Tanazomadi kvalifikacia da gamocdileba gaaCniaT, damqiraveblebi

gasaubrebazec ar iwveven.

xSirad migranti mSromelebisTvis miuwvdomelia standartuli socialuri dacvis

paketi. es gansakuTrebiT SeexebaT droebiT migrantebs,sezonur samuSaoze dakavebul

da Sesabamisi dokumentaciis armqone mSromelebs. socialur dacvaze xarjebis

Tavidan aridebis mizniT, arapatiosani damqiraveblebi moklevadian samuSao

kontraqtebs deben migrant mSromelebTan. realurad,bevri migranti mSromeli ixdis

socialuri dacvis gadasaxads,magram sanacvlod veranair sikeTes ver Rebulobs.

(OECD)

umuSevroba

socialuri dacva

rogorc wesi, migrant mSromelebSi umuSevrobis done ufro maRalia, vidre

adgilobriv mSromelebSi. ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis da ganviTarebis

organizaciis (mdidari industriuli qveynebis jgufi) gaTvlebiT, migranti

mamakacebi da qalebi orjer meti albaTobiT umuSevrebi arian vidre ara-migranti

mSromelebi.

zogierTi SeiZleba Seecados es faqti im argumentebiT axsnas, rom migrantebi

damokidebulni arian socialur daxmarebaze, Tumca namdvili mizezi ueWvelad

diskriminaciuli praqtikaa. S.s.o-s mier Catarebulma kvlevebma aCvenes,rom ucxouri

saxelis da gvari gamo, im migrant mSromelebsac ki, romlebsac adgilobriv

mSromelebTan Tanazomadi kvalifikacia da gamocdileba gaaCniaT, damqiraveblebi

gasaubrebazec ar iwveven.

xSirad migranti mSromelebisTvis miuwvdomelia standartuli socialuri dacvis

paketi. es gansakuTrebiT SeexebaT droebiT migrantebs,sezonur samuSaoze dakavebul

da Sesabamisi dokumentaciis armqone mSromelebs. socialur dacvaze xarjebis

Tavidan aridebis mizniT, arapatiosani damqiraveblebi moklevadian samuSao

kontraqtebs deben migrant mSromelebTan. realurad,bevri migranti mSromeli ixdis

socialuri dacvis gadasaxads,magram sanacvlod veranair sikeTes ver Rebulobs.

(OECD)

S.s.o-s konvencia diskriminaciis(Sromisa da dasaqmebis sferoSi) Sesaxeb,1958 (#111)

S.s.o-s konvencia #111 Seexeba diskriminacias Sromisa da dasaqmebis sferoSi. es

konvencia gaxlavT erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi da “fundamenturi” konvencia

adamianis uflebebis dacvis da samuSao adgilebze diskriminaciis aRmofxvris

TvalsazrisiT.

konvenciis pirveli muxli diskriminacias Semdegnairad gansazRvravs:

daakvirdiT,rom am CamonaTvalSi ar aris moqalaqeoba. saxelmwifos aqvs ufleba

uari uTxras ucxoel mSromels Semovides mis SromiT bazarze moqalaqeobis

safuZvelze. Tumca, mas Semdeg rac Sevlen Sromis bazarze, yvela mSromels,

rogorc adgilobriv, aseve ucxoels, diskriminaciis nebismier gamovlenis

SemTxvevaSi icavs konvencia #111.

am konvenciis miznebidan gamomdinare, terminebi Sroma da dasaqmeba agreTve

gulisxmobs profesiuli treiningebisadmi da Rirseuli SromiTi pirobebisadmi

xelmisawvdomobas.

S.s.o-s wevri saxelmwifoebi, romlebic moaxdenen am konvenciis ratificirebas,

sakuTar Tavze iReben valdebulebas:

...yovelgvar gansxvavebas, dauSveblobas, an upiratesobis miniWebas rasis, kanis feris,religiis, sqesis, politikuri mrwamsis, erovnuli an socialuri warmomavlobisniSniT,romelic iwvevs Sromis da dasaqmebis sferoSi SesaZleblobebis an mopyrobisTanasworobis mospobas an darRvevas.

...gamoacxadon da warmarTon, adgilobri pirobebTan da praqtikasTan SesabamisimeTodebiT, iseTi saxelmwifo politika, romelic xels Seuwyobs TanasworiSesaZleblobebis da mopyrobis principebis pativiscemas Sromisa da dasaqmebissferoSi da Zalisxmevas mimarTavs diskriminaciis nebismieri gamovlinebisaRmosafxvrelad.

S.s.o-s konvencia diskriminaciis(Sromisa da dasaqmebis sferoSi) Sesaxeb,1958 (#111)

S.s.o-s konvencia #111 Seexeba diskriminacias Sromisa da dasaqmebis sferoSi. es

konvencia gaxlavT erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi da “fundamenturi” konvencia

adamianis uflebebis dacvis da samuSao adgilebze diskriminaciis aRmofxvris

TvalsazrisiT.

konvenciis pirveli muxli diskriminacias Semdegnairad gansazRvravs:

daakvirdiT,rom am CamonaTvalSi ar aris moqalaqeoba. saxelmwifos aqvs ufleba

uari uTxras ucxoel mSromels Semovides mis SromiT bazarze moqalaqeobis

safuZvelze. Tumca, mas Semdeg rac Sevlen Sromis bazarze, yvela mSromels,

rogorc adgilobriv, aseve ucxoels, diskriminaciis nebismier gamovlenis

SemTxvevaSi icavs konvencia #111.

am konvenciis miznebidan gamomdinare, terminebi Sroma da dasaqmeba agreTve

gulisxmobs profesiuli treiningebisadmi da Rirseuli SromiTi pirobebisadmi

xelmisawvdomobas.

S.s.o-s wevri saxelmwifoebi, romlebic moaxdenen am konvenciis ratificirebas,

sakuTar Tavze iReben valdebulebas:

...yovelgvar gansxvavebas, dauSveblobas, an upiratesobis miniWebas rasis, kanis feris,religiis, sqesis, politikuri mrwamsis, erovnuli an socialuri warmomavlobisniSniT,romelic iwvevs Sromis da dasaqmebis sferoSi SesaZleblobebis an mopyrobisTanasworobis mospobas an darRvevas.

...gamoacxadon da warmarTon, adgilobri pirobebTan da praqtikasTan SesabamisimeTodebiT, iseTi saxelmwifo politika, romelic xels Seuwyobs TanasworiSesaZleblobebis da mopyrobis principebis pativiscemas Sromisa da dasaqmebissferoSi da Zalisxmevas mimarTavs diskriminaciis nebismieri gamovlinebisaRmosafxvrelad.


http://www.oecd.orghttp://www.oecd.org12

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rasizmi da qsenofobia

migranti mSromelebis winaSe dgas konkretuli problema-isini rasistebis mxridan

fizikuri da sityvieri Seuracyofis obieqtebi arian. aseTi magaliTebi samwuxarod

Zalian bevria.

2000 wlis oqtomberSi, Tavisufali profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederaciam

( ) mkacrad dagmo libiaSi migrant mSromelebze mitanili Seteva, ris

Sedegadac sul mcire 500 nigerieli mSromeli moklul iqna da ufro meti adamiani

dazaralda. Savkaniani nigerieli mSromelebi libieli axalgazrdebis mxridan

sastiki angariSsworebis msxverpli gaxdnen, rasac xeli Seuwyo mTavrobis

antimigraciulma mowodebebma. am Setakebis provocireba moxda mas mediis mier,

romelic afrikel migrantebs warmoaCenda rogorc narko-dilerebs da

alkoholuri sasmelebis ukanono biznesSi CarTul adamianebs.

2007 wlis ivnisSi, tajikeTis sainformacio saagentos informaciiT, naxevar

milionze meti tajiki sazRvargareTaa gadaxvewili samuSaos saZieblad da bevri

maTgani Sesabamisi dokumentebis gareSe ruseTSi amohyofs Tavs, sadac maTze

rasistebi da kriminalebi daundobel Setevebs da rekets axorcieleben. am

saagentos informaciiT, marto 2007 wlis pirvel 6 TveSi 100-ze meti migranti

mSromelis cxedari iqna tajikeTSi Camosvenebuli ruseTis federaciidan.

2007 wlis oqtomberSi kanadis provincia britiS kolambiaSi TeTrkanianma

mamakacebma qvebi dauSines avtobuss, romelsac samxreT azieli migranti

mSromelebi gadahyavda. bolo wlebSi araerTgzis hqonda adgili msgavs

SemTxvevebs imave provinciaSi.

migracia kidev ufro zrdis SidsiT daavadebis risks da albaTobas. erT-erTi

magaliTia samxreT afrikaSi maRaroSi momuSave migranti mSromeli, romelic am

virusiT daavadda muSaobis da cxovrebis umZimesi pirobebis gamo, romelSic mas

damqiravebeli kompaniia amyofebda.

mTlianobaSi, Sidsis virusiT daavadebis albaToba matulobs im adamianebisTvis,

romlebsac cxovreba da muSaoba siRaribis, socialuri gariyulobis, martoobis da

mtrul garemoSi uxdebaT. S.s.o-am,romelmac Seiswavla SromiT migraciasa da Sidsis

virusiT daavadebis riskebs Soris kavSiri,aRniSnavs, rom:

�

�

�

ICFTU

Sidsi/reproduqciuli da dedis janmrTeloba

rasizmi da qsenofobia

migranti mSromelebis winaSe dgas konkretuli problema-isini rasistebis mxridan

fizikuri da sityvieri Seuracyofis obieqtebi arian. aseTi magaliTebi samwuxarod

Zalian bevria.

2000 wlis oqtomberSi, Tavisufali profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederaciam

( ) mkacrad dagmo libiaSi migrant mSromelebze mitanili Seteva, ris

Sedegadac sul mcire 500 nigerieli mSromeli moklul iqna da ufro meti adamiani

dazaralda. Savkaniani nigerieli mSromelebi libieli axalgazrdebis mxridan

sastiki angariSsworebis msxverpli gaxdnen, rasac xeli Seuwyo mTavrobis

antimigraciulma mowodebebma. am Setakebis provocireba moxda mas mediis mier,

romelic afrikel migrantebs warmoaCenda rogorc narko-dilerebs da

alkoholuri sasmelebis ukanono biznesSi CarTul adamianebs.

2007 wlis ivnisSi, tajikeTis sainformacio saagentos informaciiT, naxevar

milionze meti tajiki sazRvargareTaa gadaxvewili samuSaos saZieblad da bevri

maTgani Sesabamisi dokumentebis gareSe ruseTSi amohyofs Tavs, sadac maTze

rasistebi da kriminalebi daundobel Setevebs da rekets axorcieleben. am

saagentos informaciiT, marto 2007 wlis pirvel 6 TveSi 100-ze meti migranti

mSromelis cxedari iqna tajikeTSi Camosvenebuli ruseTis federaciidan.

2007 wlis oqtomberSi kanadis provincia britiS kolambiaSi TeTrkanianma

mamakacebma qvebi dauSines avtobuss, romelsac samxreT azieli migranti

mSromelebi gadahyavda. bolo wlebSi araerTgzis hqonda adgili msgavs

SemTxvevebs imave provinciaSi.

migracia kidev ufro zrdis SidsiT daavadebis risks da albaTobas. erT-erTi

magaliTia samxreT afrikaSi maRaroSi momuSave migranti mSromeli, romelic am

virusiT daavadda muSaobis da cxovrebis umZimesi pirobebis gamo, romelSic mas

damqiravebeli kompaniia amyofebda.

mTlianobaSi, Sidsis virusiT daavadebis albaToba matulobs im adamianebisTvis,

romlebsac cxovreba da muSaoba siRaribis, socialuri gariyulobis, martoobis da

mtrul garemoSi uxdebaT. S.s.o-am,romelmac Seiswavla SromiT migraciasa da Sidsis

virusiT daavadebis riskebs Soris kavSiri,aRniSnavs, rom:

�

�

�

ICFTU

Sidsi/reproduqciuli da dedis janmrTeloba

mosaxleobis mobiluroba, migracia da Sidsi: S.s.o-s winaSe mdgari sakiTxebi da gamowvevebi

ICFTU OnLine No.207/2000. http://www.icftu.org/displaydocument.asp?Index=991211501&Language=ENNews Briefing Central Asia, 27 June 2007. http://www.iwpr.net/?p=btj&s=b&o=336645&apc_state=henhhtpp://www.justicia4migrantworkers.org/index.htmhttp://www.justicia4migrantworkers.org/bc/index.htmmosaxleobis mobiluroba, migracia da Sidsi: S.s.o-s winaSe mdgari sakiTxebi da gamowvevebi

ICFTU OnLine No.207/2000. http://www.icftu.org/displaydocument.asp?Index=991211501&Language=ENNews Briefing Central Asia, 27 June 2007. http://www.iwpr.net/?p=btj&s=b&o=336645&apc_state=henhhtpp://www.justicia4migrantworkers.org/index.htmhttp://www.justicia4migrantworkers.org/bc/index.htm

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16

ucxoeTSi Casuli SromiTi migrantebisTvis maspinZel qveyanaSi arsebuli socialurida seqsualuri normebi SesaZloa gansxvavebuli iyos maTi warmoSobis qveynebSiarsebuli normebisgan. ucxoeTSi,rogorc wesi,maTi sacxovrebeli pirobebi uaresdeba,rac maT ubiZgebs alkoholis Warbi miRebisaken da SemTxveviTi sqesobrivi kavSirebisdamyarebisken. es gansakuTrebiT SeexebaT im migrant mSromelebs,romelTac ar miecaTufleba Camosuliyvnen partniorebTan an ojaxis wevrebTan erTad. Seswavlil iqnakot de vuarSi sezonurad momuSave migrantebis mdgomareoba. migrantebis 90 procentidaqorwinebuli aRmoCnda, magram maTgan mxolod 10 procenti iyo CamosulimeuRleebTan erTad. ojaxis da Temis mxardaWeris ar arsebobis pirobebSi, maRalialbaTobiT es adamianebi cxovroben riskebis matarebeli cxovrebis wesiT, racSesaZloa SemdgomSi uaryofiTad aisaxos maTi ojaxis wevrebze da warmoSobis Temze.

ucxoeTSi Casuli SromiTi migrantebisTvis maspinZel qveyanaSi arsebuli socialurida seqsualuri normebi SesaZloa gansxvavebuli iyos maTi warmoSobis qveynebSiarsebuli normebisgan. ucxoeTSi,rogorc wesi,maTi sacxovrebeli pirobebi uaresdeba,rac maT ubiZgebs alkoholis Warbi miRebisaken da SemTxveviTi sqesobrivi kavSirebisdamyarebisken. es gansakuTrebiT SeexebaT im migrant mSromelebs,romelTac ar miecaTufleba Camosuliyvnen partniorebTan an ojaxis wevrebTan erTad. Seswavlil iqnakot de vuarSi sezonurad momuSave migrantebis mdgomareoba. migrantebis 90 procentidaqorwinebuli aRmoCnda, magram maTgan mxolod 10 procenti iyo CamosulimeuRleebTan erTad. ojaxis da Temis mxardaWeris ar arsebobis pirobebSi, maRalialbaTobiT es adamianebi cxovroben riskebis matarebeli cxovrebis wesiT, racSesaZloa SemdgomSi uaryofiTad aisaxos maTi ojaxis wevrebze da warmoSobis Temze.

25

samwuxarod, am virusiT daavadebuli migranti mSromelebisTvis prevenciuli

medicina da mkurnaloba ar aris yovelTvis garantirebuli. amasTanave, zogierT

qveyanaSi arsebobs samarTleblivi normebi, romelic iTvaliswinebs im

ucxoelebisaTvis, romelTac surT vizis miReba an arsebulis gaxangrZliveba,

warmoadginon samedicino sabuTi rom isini ar arian infeqciis matarebelni. es

praqtika ewinaaRmdegeba adamianis fundamentur uflebebs da S.s.o-s principebs

daavadebul adamianebTan mopyrobis TvalsazrisiT.

infeqciiT daavadebebis TvalsazrisiT, qali migranti mSromelebi ufro

mowyvladni arian, radgan maRalia riski maT mimarT seqsualuri Zaladobis da

iZulebiT sqesobrivi kavSiris damyarebis. gansakuTrebiT maRali riskis qveS arian

Sida-meurneobebSi dasaqmebuli migranti qalebi-magaliTad,Sri lankeli migrantebis

60 procenti qalia, maTi absoluturi umravlesoba Sida meurneobebSia dasaqmebuli.

umravles SemTxvevaSi maT ar gaaCniaT Sesabamisi dokumentacia, an maTTvis es

dokumentebi CamorTmeulia damqiraveblebis mier samuSaoze ayvanisTanave: am

adamianebis uflebebi massobrivad irRveva da rogorc wesi isini ar arian daculni

adgilobrivi kanonmdeblobiT. amasTanave, am qalebs ar aqvT sakmarisi Zala uari

uTxran damqiravebels sqesobriv kavSirze.

HIV

HIV/AIDS

HIV

samwuxarod, am virusiT daavadebuli migranti mSromelebisTvis prevenciuli

medicina da mkurnaloba ar aris yovelTvis garantirebuli. amasTanave, zogierT

qveyanaSi arsebobs samarTleblivi normebi, romelic iTvaliswinebs im

ucxoelebisaTvis, romelTac surT vizis miReba an arsebulis gaxangrZliveba,

warmoadginon samedicino sabuTi rom isini ar arian infeqciis matarebelni. es

praqtika ewinaaRmdegeba adamianis fundamentur uflebebs da S.s.o-s principebs

daavadebul adamianebTan mopyrobis TvalsazrisiT.

infeqciiT daavadebebis TvalsazrisiT, qali migranti mSromelebi ufro

mowyvladni arian, radgan maRalia riski maT mimarT seqsualuri Zaladobis da

iZulebiT sqesobrivi kavSiris damyarebis. gansakuTrebiT maRali riskis qveS arian

Sida-meurneobebSi dasaqmebuli migranti qalebi-magaliTad,Sri lankeli migrantebis

60 procenti qalia, maTi absoluturi umravlesoba Sida meurneobebSia dasaqmebuli.

umravles SemTxvevaSi maT ar gaaCniaT Sesabamisi dokumentacia, an maTTvis es

dokumentebi CamorTmeulia damqiraveblebis mier samuSaoze ayvanisTanave: am

adamianebis uflebebi massobrivad irRveva da rogorc wesi isini ar arian daculni

adgilobrivi kanonmdeblobiT. amasTanave, am qalebs ar aqvT sakmarisi Zala uari

uTxran damqiravebels sqesobriv kavSirze.

HIV

HIV/AIDS

HIV

S.s.o-s qcevis kodeqsi -iT daavadebul adamianebTan mimarTebaSi da

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia

HIV/AIDS

rentgenuli dasxiveba ver SeaCerebs HIV/AIDS

samsaxurSi ayvanisas an ukve dasaqmebulebisTvis rentgenuli dasxiveba ar unda

iyos aucilebeli moTxovna (paragrafi 4.6).

ze testireba ar unda xdebodes samuSao adgilze, radganac amis aranairi

aucilebloba aRar arsebobs da is adamianis uflebebis da misi Rirsebis

Semlaxvelia: testirebis Sedegebi SesaZlebelia gamJRavndes da vinmes mier

borotad iqnes gamoyenebuli; mSromelis mier micemuli informirebuli Tanxmoba

testis Catarebaze yovelTvis ar aris mTlianad nebayoflobiTi da SesaZloa

isini kargad ver acnobierebdnen testirebis SesaZlo Sedegebs. im SemTxvevaSic

ki, rodesac testireba xorcieldeba ara samuSao adgilze, testireba

absoluturad konfidencialuri unda iyos da unda arsebobdes mSromelis

informirebuli Tanxmoba. testireba unda Caataros maRalkvalificirebulma

samedicino personalma konfidencialurobis normebis sruli dacviT

(paragrafi 8).

HIV-

HIV

S.s.o-s qcevis kodeqsi -iT daavadebul adamianebTan mimarTebaSi da

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizacia

HIV/AIDS

rentgenuli dasxiveba ver SeaCerebs HIV/AIDS

samsaxurSi ayvanisas an ukve dasaqmebulebisTvis rentgenuli dasxiveba ar unda

iyos aucilebeli moTxovna (paragrafi 4.6).

ze testireba ar unda xdebodes samuSao adgilze, radganac amis aranairi

aucilebloba aRar arsebobs da is adamianis uflebebis da misi Rirsebis

Semlaxvelia: testirebis Sedegebi SesaZlebelia gamJRavndes da vinmes mier

borotad iqnes gamoyenebuli; mSromelis mier micemuli informirebuli Tanxmoba

testis Catarebaze yovelTvis ar aris mTlianad nebayoflobiTi da SesaZloa

isini kargad ver acnobierebdnen testirebis SesaZlo Sedegebs. im SemTxvevaSic

ki, rodesac testireba xorcieldeba ara samuSao adgilze, testireba

absoluturad konfidencialuri unda iyos da unda arsebobdes mSromelis

informirebuli Tanxmoba. testireba unda Caataros maRalkvalificirebulma

samedicino personalma konfidencialurobis normebis sruli dacviT

(paragrafi 8).

HIV-

HIV


http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/trav/aids/code/languages/hiv_a4_e.pdfhttp://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/trav/aids/code/languages/hiv_a4_e.pdf17

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saSiSi mogzaurobebi

imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom mTavrobebis politikis Sedegad, Sesabamisi dokumentebis

armqone migrantebisTvis rTulia sxva qveynebSi SeRweva, ganviTareba hpova biznes

industriam, romelic potenciur migrantebs mimzidvel qveynebSi da adgilebSi

Cayvanas pirdeba garkveuli safasuris fasad. xSir SemTxvevaSi migrantebis

mogzauroba seriozuli safrTxis matarebelia. zogierTi maTgani konteinerSi

xangrZlivad yofnis gamo gaiguda. mravali SemTxvevaa,rodesac patara gemebi da navebi,

romlebiTac migrantebi gadahyavdaT, CaZirula, rasac bevri migrantis sicocxle

Seewira.

statistikuri monacemebiT, yovelwliurad 800 morokoeli zRvaSi ixrCoba

espaneTSi aralegalurad SeRwevis mcdelobisas.

2003 wlis oqtomberSi, 70 libieli, romlebic evropaSi CaRwevas lamobdnen, Sua

zRvaSi saSineli sikvdiliT daiRupa. mas Semdeg rac maTi navi dazianda, 10 dRis

ganmavlobaSi is Sua zRvaSi tivtivebda da maTze myofi adamianebis absoluturi

umravlesoba SimSiliT da wyurviliT daiRupa. navis dazianebidan mxolod aTi

dRis Semdeg SeniSna italiurma gemma isini, magram samwuxarod am droisaTvis 70

adamianidan mxolod 15adamiani iyo cocxali.

2005 wels meqsika-a.S.S-s sazRvarze im 282 adamianis cxedari iqna aRmoCenili,

romlebic sxvadasxva dros aralegaluri gziT cdilobdnen amerikaSi SeRwevas.

profkavSirebis moxsenebis Tanaxmad:

“ ”

�

�

�

saSiSi mogzaurobebi

imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom mTavrobebis politikis Sedegad, Sesabamisi dokumentebis

armqone migrantebisTvis rTulia sxva qveynebSi SeRweva, ganviTareba hpova biznes

industriam, romelic potenciur migrantebs mimzidvel qveynebSi da adgilebSi

Cayvanas pirdeba garkveuli safasuris fasad. xSir SemTxvevaSi migrantebis

mogzauroba seriozuli safrTxis matarebelia. zogierTi maTgani konteinerSi

xangrZlivad yofnis gamo gaiguda. mravali SemTxvevaa,rodesac patara gemebi da navebi,

romlebiTac migrantebi gadahyavdaT, CaZirula, rasac bevri migrantis sicocxle

Seewira.

statistikuri monacemebiT, yovelwliurad 800 morokoeli zRvaSi ixrCoba

espaneTSi aralegalurad SeRwevis mcdelobisas.

2003 wlis oqtomberSi, 70 libieli, romlebic evropaSi CaRwevas lamobdnen, Sua

zRvaSi saSineli sikvdiliT daiRupa. mas Semdeg rac maTi navi dazianda, 10 dRis

ganmavlobaSi is Sua zRvaSi tivtivebda da maTze myofi adamianebis absoluturi

umravlesoba SimSiliT da wyurviliT daiRupa. navis dazianebidan mxolod aTi

dRis Semdeg SeniSna italiurma gemma isini, magram samwuxarod am droisaTvis 70

adamianidan mxolod 15adamiani iyo cocxali.

2005 wels meqsika-a.S.S-s sazRvarze im 282 adamianis cxedari iqna aRmoCenili,

romlebic sxvadasxva dros aralegaluri gziT cdilobdnen amerikaSi SeRwevas.

profkavSirebis moxsenebis Tanaxmad:

“ ”

�

�

�

migracia afrikidan evropaSi: Rirseuli samuSaos moZebnis xelSewyoba, 7/4/2006.ICFTU Online,

htpp://www.icftu.org/displaydocument.asp?=991223664&Language=EN

migracia afrikidan evropaSi: Rirseuli samuSaos moZebnis xelSewyoba, 7/4/2006.ICFTU Online,

htpp://www.icftu.org/displaydocument.asp?=991223664&Language=EN

18


18

mas Semdeg rac marokom da espaneTma gaamkacra sakuTari sanapiri dacvis zomebi,vizisarmqone migrantebisTvis mauritania sul ufro da ufro mimzidveli daniSnulebisqveyana gaxda. 2006 wlidan moyolebuli, kanaris kunZulebze 3000-mde Sesabamisidokumentebis armqone migranti iqna gamovlenili. miCneulia, rom 2006 wlidanmoyolebuli, am regionSi qveyanaSi aralegalurad SeRwevis mcdelobisas, sxvadasxvagaremoebebSi 200-dan 1000 adamiani daixrCo.

mas Semdeg rac marokom da espaneTma gaamkacra sakuTari sanapiri dacvis zomebi,vizisarmqone migrantebisTvis mauritania sul ufro da ufro mimzidveli daniSnulebisqveyana gaxda. 2006 wlidan moyolebuli, kanaris kunZulebze 3000-mde Sesabamisidokumentebis armqone migranti iqna gamovlenili. miCneulia, rom 2006 wlidanmoyolebuli, am regionSi qveyanaSi aralegalurad SeRwevis mcdelobisas, sxvadasxvagaremoebebSi 200-dan 1000 adamiani daixrCo.

27

eqsploatacia samSobloSi dabrunebisas

bevri qveynis xelisuflebas mxolod is anaRvlebs, Tu rogor ixeiros sakuTari

moqalaqeebis mZime Sromaze,romelsac isini ucxoeTSi swevdnen migranti mSromelis

statusiT da arafers akeTebs maT dasacavad. xSirad,samSobloSi dabrunebisas,isini

saemigracio da sabaJo samsaxurebis samizneebi xdebian.

eqsploatacia samSobloSi dabrunebisas

bevri qveynis xelisuflebas mxolod is anaRvlebs, Tu rogor ixeiros sakuTari

moqalaqeebis mZime Sromaze,romelsac isini ucxoeTSi swevdnen migranti mSromelis

statusiT da arafers akeTebs maT dasacavad. xSirad,samSobloSi dabrunebisas,isini

saemigracio da sabaJo samsaxurebis samizneebi xdebian.

adamianebis trefikingi

adamianebis trefikingi aramarTlzomieri da ukanono migraciis ukiduresi formaa.

xorcieldeba yvela kategoriis mSromelis trefikingi, magram am TvalsazrisiT

qalebi da bavSvebi gansakuTrebiT mowyvladni arian. adamianebiT trefikingis

praqtika gansakuTrebiT 1990-ian wlebSi gaizarda. S.s.o-s gaTvlebiT, trefikingis

gziT daaxloebiT 2.4 milioni adamiani gabmul iqna iZulebiTi Sromis marwuxebSi.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba komerciul seqs-industriaSi CaTrevis mizniT

adamianebis trefikingis sakiTxs. aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom adamianebis trefikingi

xorcieldeba agreTve maTi sxva formebiT eqsploataciis mizniTac. magaliTad,

trefikingis msxverplTa iZuleba Sesarulon saSiSi samuSao,zedmeti samuSao saaTebi,

Zaladoba,mizeruli xelfasebi da a.S.

am sferoSi arsebuli adamianis uflebebis standartebi upirveles yovlisa

gulisxmobs trefikingis msxverplTa dacvas da es calsaxadaa asaxuli gaero-s

trefikingis amkrZalav protokolSi. (aRsaniSnavia, rom es protokoli axlavs gaero-

s organizebuli danaSaulis winaaRmdeg brZolis konvencias, romelsac zogjer

palermos protokolis saxeliTac moixsenieben.)

adamianebis trefikingi

adamianebis trefikingi aramarTlzomieri da ukanono migraciis ukiduresi formaa.

xorcieldeba yvela kategoriis mSromelis trefikingi, magram am TvalsazrisiT

qalebi da bavSvebi gansakuTrebiT mowyvladni arian. adamianebiT trefikingis

praqtika gansakuTrebiT 1990-ian wlebSi gaizarda. S.s.o-s gaTvlebiT, trefikingis

gziT daaxloebiT 2.4 milioni adamiani gabmul iqna iZulebiTi Sromis marwuxebSi.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba komerciul seqs-industriaSi CaTrevis mizniT

adamianebis trefikingis sakiTxs. aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom adamianebis trefikingi

xorcieldeba agreTve maTi sxva formebiT eqsploataciis mizniTac. magaliTad,

trefikingis msxverplTa iZuleba Sesarulon saSiSi samuSao,zedmeti samuSao saaTebi,

Zaladoba,mizeruli xelfasebi da a.S.

am sferoSi arsebuli adamianis uflebebis standartebi upirveles yovlisa

gulisxmobs trefikingis msxverplTa dacvas da es calsaxadaa asaxuli gaero-s

trefikingis amkrZalav protokolSi. (aRsaniSnavia, rom es protokoli axlavs gaero-

s organizebuli danaSaulis winaaRmdeg brZolis konvencias, romelsac zogjer

palermos protokolis saxeliTac moixsenieben.)

indonezia

miCneulia, rom qveynis sakanonmdeblo argano im 400-mde saagentos interesebs

lobirebs, romlebsac sakuTari moqalaqeebi ucxoeTSi gadahyavT, TiTeuli

potenciuri migrantisagan es saagentoebi iReben 1 500 amerikul dolars da maTi

saerTo wliuri Semosavali daaxloebiT 2 miliardi amerikuli dolaria.

indoneziis parlamentisadmi kritikulad ganwobili eqsperti aRniSnavs, rom

“dabalia imis albaToba, rom parlamentma miiRos kanoni, romelic

winaaRmdegobaSi movidoda am saagentoebis interesebTan”. zogierTis azriT,

Tavisi saarCevno olqidan am saagentoebis mier gagzavnil TiTeul migrantze

parlamentis wevri 100 amerikul dollars iRebs. sakuTar qveyanaSi dabrunebuli

migrantebi Civian, rom specialurad maTTvis gaxsnil gamSveb terminalSi, imis

magivrad, rom saxelmwifom daicvas maTi kanonieri interesebi, saxelmwifo

moxeleebi da kerZo kompaniebis warmomadgenlebi maTTze aramarTlzomieri

zewolis Sedegad fulis gamoZalviT arian dakavebulni.

filip martini, muSaxeliT movaWreni: SromiTi urTierTobebis Semswavleli

saerTaSoriso institute, 2005weli.

indonezia

miCneulia, rom qveynis sakanonmdeblo argano im 400-mde saagentos interesebs

lobirebs, romlebsac sakuTari moqalaqeebi ucxoeTSi gadahyavT, TiTeuli

potenciuri migrantisagan es saagentoebi iReben 1 500 amerikul dolars da maTi

saerTo wliuri Semosavali daaxloebiT 2 miliardi amerikuli dolaria.

indoneziis parlamentisadmi kritikulad ganwobili eqsperti aRniSnavs, rom

“dabalia imis albaToba, rom parlamentma miiRos kanoni, romelic

winaaRmdegobaSi movidoda am saagentoebis interesebTan”. zogierTis azriT,

Tavisi saarCevno olqidan am saagentoebis mier gagzavnil TiTeul migrantze

parlamentis wevri 100 amerikul dollars iRebs. sakuTar qveyanaSi dabrunebuli

migrantebi Civian, rom specialurad maTTvis gaxsnil gamSveb terminalSi, imis

magivrad, rom saxelmwifom daicvas maTi kanonieri interesebi, saxelmwifo

moxeleebi da kerZo kompaniebis warmomadgenlebi maTTze aramarTlzomieri

zewolis Sedegad fulis gamoZalviT arian dakavebulni.

filip martini, muSaxeliT movaWreni: SromiTi urTierTobebis Semswavleli

saerTaSoriso institute, 2005weli.


trafikingi iZulebiTi Sromis mizniT-SromiTi migrantebis rekrutirebis monitoringi, S.s.o, Jeneva,

2006 weli. http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/-ed_norm/-declaration/documents/instructionalmaterial/wcms_091894.pdf

http://untreaty.un.org/English/TreatyEvent2003/Text/treaty2E.pdf

trafikingi iZulebiTi Sromis mizniT-SromiTi migrantebis rekrutirebis monitoringi, S.s.o, Jeneva,

2006 weli. http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/-ed_norm/-declaration/documents/instructionalmaterial/wcms_091894.pdf

http://untreaty.un.org/English/TreatyEvent2003/Text/treaty2E.pdf

19

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S.s.o-s miRebuli aqvs ramodenime konvencia, romlebic pirdapir Tu iribad exeba

trefikingis problemas. esenia konvencia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb (damatebiTi

debulebebi), 1975 (#143), romlis me-5 muxli trefikingis aRmofxvris mizniT moiTxovs

gadamWreli zomebis miRebas; konvencia bavSvis Sromis ukiduresi formebis Sesaxeb,

1999 (#182), romelic bavSvebis trefikings miiCnevs bavSvis Sromis ukidures

gamovlinebad. amdenad, im saxelmwifoebma, romlebmac moaxdines konvencia #182

ratifikacia,winaswar gaTvaliswinebuli drois periodSi unda gadadgan konkretuli

nabijebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofen bavSvebiT trefikingis praqtikis aRmofxvras.

S.s.o-s mier 1930 wels miRebuli iZulebiTi Sromis winaaRmdeg #29 protokolis

konteqstSi,S.s.o-s eqspertTa komitetma warmoadgina rekomendaciebi da daskvna,sadac

SeSfoTebaa gamoxatuli mTel rig qveynebSi farTod gavrcelebul trefikingis

praqtikaze. vrceli moxseneba amasTan dakavSirebT gamoica 2000wels.

S.s.o-s miRebuli aqvs ramodenime konvencia, romlebic pirdapir Tu iribad exeba

trefikingis problemas. esenia konvencia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb (damatebiTi

debulebebi), 1975 (#143), romlis me-5 muxli trefikingis aRmofxvris mizniT moiTxovs

gadamWreli zomebis miRebas; konvencia bavSvis Sromis ukiduresi formebis Sesaxeb,

1999 (#182), romelic bavSvebis trefikings miiCnevs bavSvis Sromis ukidures

gamovlinebad. amdenad, im saxelmwifoebma, romlebmac moaxdines konvencia #182

ratifikacia,winaswar gaTvaliswinebuli drois periodSi unda gadadgan konkretuli

nabijebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofen bavSvebiT trefikingis praqtikis aRmofxvras.

S.s.o-s mier 1930 wels miRebuli iZulebiTi Sromis winaaRmdeg #29 protokolis

konteqstSi,S.s.o-s eqspertTa komitetma warmoadgina rekomendaciebi da daskvna,sadac

SeSfoTebaa gamoxatuli mTel rig qveynebSi farTod gavrcelebul trefikingis

praqtikaze. vrceli moxseneba amasTan dakavSirebT gamoica 2000wels.

htpp://canadianlabour.ca/index.php/November/1290htpp://canadianlabour.ca/index.php/November/129021

21


sad aris fili pino 11?

2007 wlis noemberSi, qveyanaSi dafiqsirebuli migrantebisadmi

aramarTlzomieri da eqspluataciis SemTxvevebis gamo, kanadis mSromelTa

kongresi ( ) iZulebuli Seiqmna moewodebina kanadis mTavrobisTvis

SeeCerebina droebiT momuSave ucxoeli mSromelebis programa; zogierTi piri

borotad iyenebda am programis arsebobas da adamianebis trefikings eweoda.

Tavis mxriv,kanadis mTavrobamac aRiara,rom is “ver akontrolebda,kanadaSi Tu

ramdenad asrulebdnen damqiraveblebi uzrunveleyoT migranti mSromelebi im

pirobebiT,romlebsac isini migrantebs maTi kanadaSi Camosvlamde pirdebodnen”.

es gaxldaT kanadis mSromelTa kongresis reaqcia im faqtze, rom

zemoTxsenebuli programis farglebSi erT-erTma brokerma firmam kanadaSi

Camoiyvana 11 migranti mSromeli da Sepirda ararsebul samuSao adgils. am

migrantebma,romelsac moixseniebdnen rogorc “ filipino 11”, brokers gaweuli

“samsaxurisTvis” winaswar 10 000 amerikul dolarze meti gadauxades; maT

Sepirdnen, rom kanadaSi maTi anazRaureba iqneboda 23 kanaduri dolari saaTSi.

sinamdvileSi,mas Semdeg rac isini kanadaSi Cavidnen,isini “mihyides” arapatiosan

damqiravebels, romelmac migrantebi miyruebul saxlSi gamoketa da aiZulebda

maT umZimesi samuSaoebi ekeTebinaT usasyidlod an mciredi anazRaurebiT.

CLC

sad aris fili pino 11?

2007 wlis noemberSi, qveyanaSi dafiqsirebuli migrantebisadmi

aramarTlzomieri da eqspluataciis SemTxvevebis gamo, kanadis mSromelTa

kongresi ( ) iZulebuli Seiqmna moewodebina kanadis mTavrobisTvis

SeeCerebina droebiT momuSave ucxoeli mSromelebis programa; zogierTi piri

borotad iyenebda am programis arsebobas da adamianebis trefikings eweoda.

Tavis mxriv,kanadis mTavrobamac aRiara,rom is “ver akontrolebda,kanadaSi Tu

ramdenad asrulebdnen damqiraveblebi uzrunveleyoT migranti mSromelebi im

pirobebiT,romlebsac isini migrantebs maTi kanadaSi Camosvlamde pirdebodnen”.

es gaxldaT kanadis mSromelTa kongresis reaqcia im faqtze, rom

zemoTxsenebuli programis farglebSi erT-erTma brokerma firmam kanadaSi

Camoiyvana 11 migranti mSromeli da Sepirda ararsebul samuSao adgils. am

migrantebma,romelsac moixseniebdnen rogorc “ filipino 11”, brokers gaweuli

“samsaxurisTvis” winaswar 10 000 amerikul dolarze meti gadauxades; maT

Sepirdnen, rom kanadaSi maTi anazRaureba iqneboda 23 kanaduri dolari saaTSi.

sinamdvileSi,mas Semdeg rac isini kanadaSi Cavidnen,isini “mihyides” arapatiosan

damqiravebels, romelmac migrantebi miyruebul saxlSi gamoketa da aiZulebda

maT umZimesi samuSaoebi ekeTebinaT usasyidlod an mciredi anazRaurebiT.

CLC

29

migracia, adamianebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvana Tu trefikingi?

imdenad ramdenadac arsebobs am mcnebebis terminologiuri aRreva, profkavSiris

wevrebisTvis mniSvnelovania hqondeT naTeli warmodgena am terminebis gansxvavebebis

da maTi saerTaSoriso samarTleblivi ganmartebebis Sesaxeb.

migracia SesaZlebelia ganxorcieldes rogorc Cveulebrivi,aseve aramarTlzomieri

meTodebis gamoyenebiT, is SesaZloa iyos migrantis Tavisufali arCevani an masze

Tavsmoxveuli, xSirad rogorc gadarCenis saSualeba(magaliTad, SeiaraRebuli

konfliqtis, ekonomikuri krizisis an bunebrivi katastrofebis SemTxvevaSi). Tu

adgili aqvs migraciis aramarTlzomier formebs, am SemTxvevaSi SesaZloa

kontrabandistma,garkveuli safasuris sanacvlod,daxmareba aRmouCinos migrants da

uzrunvelyos qveyanaSi misi ukanono SeRweva. kontrabandistebi,rogorc wesi,Zalian

did gasamrjelos iTxoven da maTi mogzauroba xSirad seriozul riskebTanaa

dakavSirebuli. magram,daniSnulebis adgilas Cayvanis Semdeg, migranti Tavisufalia

Tavisi gziT iaros da rogorc wesi isini SemdgomSi erTmaneTs ar xvdebian.

gaero-s transnacionaluri organizebuli danaSaulis winaaRmdeg brZolis

konvenciis(2000w) oqmi,adamianis kontrabandis akrZalva xmeleTze,zRvaze da sahaero

sivrceSi, iZleva adamianebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvanis saerTaSoriso

samarTlebliv definicias.

adamianebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvana

migracia, adamianebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvana Tu trefikingi?

imdenad ramdenadac arsebobs am mcnebebis terminologiuri aRreva, profkavSiris

wevrebisTvis mniSvnelovania hqondeT naTeli warmodgena am terminebis gansxvavebebis

da maTi saerTaSoriso samarTleblivi ganmartebebis Sesaxeb.

migracia SesaZlebelia ganxorcieldes rogorc Cveulebrivi,aseve aramarTlzomieri

meTodebis gamoyenebiT, is SesaZloa iyos migrantis Tavisufali arCevani an masze

Tavsmoxveuli, xSirad rogorc gadarCenis saSualeba(magaliTad, SeiaraRebuli

konfliqtis, ekonomikuri krizisis an bunebrivi katastrofebis SemTxvevaSi). Tu

adgili aqvs migraciis aramarTlzomier formebs, am SemTxvevaSi SesaZloa

kontrabandistma,garkveuli safasuris sanacvlod,daxmareba aRmouCinos migrants da

uzrunvelyos qveyanaSi misi ukanono SeRweva. kontrabandistebi,rogorc wesi,Zalian

did gasamrjelos iTxoven da maTi mogzauroba xSirad seriozul riskebTanaa

dakavSirebuli. magram,daniSnulebis adgilas Cayvanis Semdeg, migranti Tavisufalia

Tavisi gziT iaros da rogorc wesi isini SemdgomSi erTmaneTs ar xvdebian.

gaero-s transnacionaluri organizebuli danaSaulis winaaRmdeg brZolis

konvenciis(2000w) oqmi,adamianis kontrabandis akrZalva xmeleTze,zRvaze da sahaero

sivrceSi, iZleva adamianebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvanis saerTaSoriso

samarTlebliv definicias.

adamianebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvana

am protokolis yvelaze mniSvnelovani debuleba gansazRvravs, rom:


migrantebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvana niSnavs “finansuri an sxva raimematerialuri sikeTis miRebis mizniT im piris ukanono Seyvanas im qveynisteritoriaze, romlis moqalaqe an mudmivad mis teritoriaze mcxovrebi es piri argaxlavT” (muxli 3 (a)).

migrantebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvana niSnavs “finansuri an sxva raimematerialuri sikeTis miRebis mizniT im piris ukanono Seyvanas im qveynisteritoriaze, romlis moqalaqe an mudmivad mis teritoriaze mcxovrebi es piri argaxlavT” (muxli 3 (a)).

am protokolis Tanaxmad,migrantebi,romlebic maTi kontrabanduli gziT gadayvanissubieqtebi arian,ar miecemian sisxlis samarTlebliv pasuxisgebaSi.am protokolis Tanaxmad,migrantebi,romlebic maTi kontrabanduli gziT gadayvanissubieqtebi arian,ar miecemian sisxlis samarTlebliv pasuxisgebaSi.

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cxrili 1.5

urTierTdamokidebuleba kanonier da ukanono migracias, trefikingsa

da kontrabandas Soris

migraciis sxdasxva saxeobebi

kanonieri

migracia

arakanonieri

migracia

kontrabanda

SeTanxmebuli

gadaadgilebis

aralegalurad

xelSewyoba

mogebis miRebis

mizniT

SeTanxmebuli

legaluri arxebi

statusi

legaluri/saTanado

dokumentebiT

pirobebi

ekonomikuri winsvla

damoukidebloba

emansi pacia

axali unarebi

da codna

GENPROM: informaciuli saxelmZRvanelo: qali mSromelebis diskriminaciis, eqsploataciisa da

Seuracxyofis prevencia. Jeneva,Sso,2003w.

trefikingi iZulebiT SromaSi Cabmis ganzraxviT: rogor gavakontroloT

migranti mSromelebis daqiravebis procesi?

pirobebi diskriminacia

eqspoatacia daucveloba

sxva saxis riskebis

saSiSroeba

migracia Seuracxmyofel

pirobebSi

pirobebi

seqsualuri eqsploatacia

iZulebiTi Sroma

monoba savalo kabala

sxeulis organoebis

dakargvis/

gayidvis saSiSroeba

statusi

aralegaluri/saTanado

dokumentebis gareSe

ganzraxvebi/formebi

ojaxebSi muSaoba

gasarTobi da seqs industria

momsaxurebis sfero/

momvlelad muSaoba fabrikaSi

muSaoba araformaluri ekonomika

soflis meurneoba ojaxis Seqmna

kontrabanda

SeuTanxmebeli

iZulebiTi

motyuebiT

ZaladobiT

gayidva

gataceba

SeTanxmebuli an

SeuTanxmebeli

qveyanaSi oficialurad

Sesvlisa an datovebis

kontrolisagan Tavis

arideba kanonierad

Sesvla an datoveba

qveynisa Tumca

aralegalurad muSaoba

31

saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebiT,trfikingi kanonsawinaaRmdego qmedebad iTvleba

is ukanonod unda iqnes miCneuli qveynebis kanonmdeblobiT. trefikingis msxverpli

adamianebis umravlesobas miaCniaT, rom isini ucxo qveyanaSi mihyavT legalurad

dasaqmebis mizniT.

ZiriTadad, trefikingis msxverpli adamianebis umravlesobisaTvis problemebi

swored daniSnulebis adgilze Casvlis Semdeg iwyeba. is samuSao adgilebi,romelsac

maT pirdebodnen,ubralod ar arsebobs da maT aiZuleben Seasrulon iseTi samuSao da

im pirobebSi, romelzec Tanxmoba maT ar miuciaT.

saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebiT,trfikingi kanonsawinaaRmdego qmedebad iTvleba

is ukanonod unda iqnes miCneuli qveynebis kanonmdeblobiT. trefikingis msxverpli

adamianebis umravlesobas miaCniaT, rom isini ucxo qveyanaSi mihyavT legalurad

dasaqmebis mizniT.

ZiriTadad, trefikingis msxverpli adamianebis umravlesobisaTvis problemebi

swored daniSnulebis adgilze Casvlis Semdeg iwyeba. is samuSao adgilebi,romelsac

maT pirdebodnen,ubralod ar arsebobs da maT aiZuleben Seasrulon iseTi samuSao da

im pirobebSi, romelzec Tanxmoba maT ar miuciaT.

me-2 Tavis sadiskusio sakiTxebi

bolo xanebSi, gamovlenila Tu ara Tqvens qveyanaSi mSromeli migrantebis

diskriminaciis SemTxvevebi?

arsebobs Tu ara Tqvens qveyanaSi migrant mSromelebSi ubeduri SemTxvevebis

statistika?

naTlad gesmiT Tu ara,ra gansxvavebaa adamianis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvanasa

da adamianebis trefikings Soris?

arsebobs Tu ara kanonmdebloba, romelic icavs trefikingis msxverplT, Tu maT

epyrobian rogorc ukanono migrantebs da xdeba maTi deportacia?

�

�

�

�


bolo xanebSi, gamovlenila Tu ara Tqvens qveyanaSi mSromeli migrantebis

diskriminaciis SemTxvevebi?

arsebobs Tu ara Tqvens qveyanaSi migrant mSromelebSi ubeduri SemTxvevebis

statistika?

naTlad gesmiT Tu ara,ra gansxvavebaa adamianis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvanasa

da adamianebis trefikings Soris?

arsebobs Tu ara kanonmdebloba, romelic icavs trefikingis msxverplT, Tu maT

epyrobian rogorc ukanono migrantebs da xdeba maTi deportacia?


trefikingis Zireuli mizezebi

siRaribe da uTanasworoba trefikingis ZiriTadi mizezebia. genderuli

diskriminacia ojaxis da Temis farglebSi, tolerantuli damokidebuleba

qalebisa da bavSvebis winaaRmdeg Zalis gamoyenebisadmi, SesaZloa agreTve

CaiTvalos trefikingis gamomwvev mizezebad. sxva mizezebad SesaZloa miCneul

iqnes adeqvaturi kanonmdeblobis da politikuri nebis ararseboba daZleul

iqnas es problema,mkacri saemigracio politika,seqs-industriis globalizacia

da transnacionaluri organizebuli kriminaluri organizaciebis aqtiuroba

adamianebis trefikingi: problemis daZlevis azali midgomebi, S.s.o. Jeneva,

2003weli.

trefikingis Zireuli mizezebi

siRaribe da uTanasworoba trefikingis ZiriTadi mizezebia. genderuli

diskriminacia ojaxis da Temis farglebSi, tolerantuli damokidebuleba

qalebisa da bavSvebis winaaRmdeg Zalis gamoyenebisadmi, SesaZloa agreTve

CaiTvalos trefikingis gamomwvev mizezebad. sxva mizezebad SesaZloa miCneul

iqnes adeqvaturi kanonmdeblobis da politikuri nebis ararseboba daZleul

iqnas es problema,mkacri saemigracio politika,seqs-industriis globalizacia

da transnacionaluri organizebuli kriminaluri organizaciebis aqtiuroba

adamianebis trefikingi: problemis daZlevis azali midgomebi, S.s.o. Jeneva,

2003weli.

http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/2003/103B09_281_engl.pdfhttp://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/2003/103B09_281_engl.pdf22

22

me

-2

Ta

vi

32

me-2 Tavis SemecnebiTi savarjiSo

SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: ratom midian adamianebi ucxoeTSi?

aqtivoba: migranti mSromeli qalebi.

mizani: migranti mSromeli qalebis yofis Sesaxeb sruli informaciis miReba

amocana: 1. warmoidgineT Tavi migranti mSromeli qalis rolSi

2. miswereT werili ojaxs samSobloSi,sadac aRwerili iqneba-mgzavroba,daniSnulebis

qveyanaSi Sesvlisas gadamxdari winaaRmdegobebi da bolos axali samuSao adgili.

3. gaxsovdeT,rom migrant mSromel qalebs ar endomebaT,rom zedmeti safiqrali da

sanerviulo gauCinon ojaxis wevrebs da megobrebs.


33

m e - 3 T a v i

faqtebi da cifrebi migranti

mSromelebis Sesaxeb


am TavSi Cven davsvamT Semdeg kiTxvebs:

vin arian migranti mSromelebi?

saidan modian migranti mSromelebi da sad midian?

romel seqtorSi muSaoben migranti mSromelebi da ra

samuSaos asruleben isini daniSnulebis qveyanaSi

Casvlisas?

rogoria migranti mSromelebis genderuli Semadgenloba?

rogoria SromiTi migraciis tendenciebi?

da bolos, am TavSi ganxiluli iqneba zogierTi

gavrcelebuli miTi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb.

�

�

�

�

�

�


am TavSi Cven davsvamT Semdeg kiTxvebs:


saidan modian migranti mSromelebi da sad midian?

romel seqtorSi muSaoben migranti mSromelebi da ra

samuSaos asruleben isini daniSnulebis qveyanaSi

Casvlisas?


rogoria SromiTi migraciis tendenciebi?

da bolos, am TavSi ganxiluli iqneba zogierTi

gavrcelebuli miTi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb.

“migracia ekonomikuri warmatebis aucilebeli da

gardauvali Sedegia, romelic iwvevs samuSao Zalaze ufro

swraf moTxovnas, vidre es moTxovna SesaZlebelia

dakmayofilebul iqnas Tanamedrove ganviTarebuli qveynebis

mier damoukideblad, maTSi Sobadobis dabali maCveneblis

pirobebSi.”

“migracia ekonomikuri warmatebis aucilebeli da

gardauvali Sedegia, romelic iwvevs samuSao Zalaze ufro

swraf moTxovnas, vidre es moTxovna SesaZlebelia

dakmayofilebul iqnas Tanamedrove ganviTarebuli qveynebis

mier damoukideblad, maTSi Sobadobis dabali maCveneblis

pirobebSi.”

me

-3

Ta

vi

34


faqtebi da cifrebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb

ramdeni migranti mSromelia?

Rirseuli samuSaos da ukeTesi cxovrebis ZiebaSi, adamianebisaTvis mudmivad

damaxasiaTebeli iyo erTi qveynidan meoreSi wasvla. miuxedavad amisa, didi omebis,

bunebrivi kataklizmebis Tu masStaburi politikuri devnis SemTxvevebis gamoklebiT,

migranti mSromelebis xvedriTi wili msoflios mosaxleobasTan mimarTebaSi met-

nklebad stabiluri rCeba da Seadgens 3 procentze odnav naklebs. gaero-s

gaTvlebiT,es Sefardeba SenarCundeba Semdegi 40 wlis ganmavlobaSi im SemTxvevaSic

ki, Tu migranti mSromelebis ricxvis zrdis tendencia SenarCundeba.

am kiTxvasTan dakavSirebiT bevri orazrovneba arsebobs da xSirad ar arsebobs

zusti da homogenuri statistikuri monacemi, migranti mSromelebis genderuli

Semadgenloba, warmomavlobis qveyana an moqalaqeoba. amis mizezi gaxlavT is

garemoeba, rom sxvadasva qveyanaSi migranti mSromelis sxvadasxva ganmarteba

arsebobs.

pirvel cxrilSi, romelic Sedgenilia S.s.o-s mier, ixilavT informacias

saerTaSoriso migraciis tendenciebis Sesaxeb. mniSvnelovania aRiniSnos, rom

migranti mSromelebis procentuli xvedriTi wili msoflios mosaxleobasTan

mimarTebiT droTa ganmavlobaSi TiTqmis ar icvleba da stabiluria. am

TvalsazrisiT mniSvnelovan zrdas hqonda adgili 1985-2000 wlebSi, rac gamowveuli

iyo sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg axali saxelmwifoebis warmoSobiT. bevrma

adamianma, gansakuTrebiT eTnikurma rusebma faqtiurad erT dReSi sakuTari Tavi

“ucxo qveynebSi” aRmoaCines da Sesabamisad migrantebad iTvlebian.

adamianebis mier sazRvris gadakveTis tendenciebi gansakuTrebiT gaZlierda bolo

aTwleulis ganmavlobaSi da saerTaSoriso migrantebis raodenobam 190 milion

adamians miaRwia. arsebuli gaTvlebiT, am cifridan 95 milioni adamiani mSromeli

migranti gaxlavT.


faqtebi da cifrebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb

ramdeni migranti mSromelia?

Rirseuli samuSaos da ukeTesi cxovrebis ZiebaSi, adamianebisaTvis mudmivad

damaxasiaTebeli iyo erTi qveynidan meoreSi wasvla. miuxedavad amisa, didi omebis,

bunebrivi kataklizmebis Tu masStaburi politikuri devnis SemTxvevebis gamoklebiT,

migranti mSromelebis xvedriTi wili msoflios mosaxleobasTan mimarTebaSi met-

nklebad stabiluri rCeba da Seadgens 3 procentze odnav naklebs. gaero-s

gaTvlebiT,es Sefardeba SenarCundeba Semdegi 40 wlis ganmavlobaSi im SemTxvevaSic

ki, Tu migranti mSromelebis ricxvis zrdis tendencia SenarCundeba.

am kiTxvasTan dakavSirebiT bevri orazrovneba arsebobs da xSirad ar arsebobs

zusti da homogenuri statistikuri monacemi, migranti mSromelebis genderuli

Semadgenloba, warmomavlobis qveyana an moqalaqeoba. amis mizezi gaxlavT is

garemoeba, rom sxvadasva qveyanaSi migranti mSromelis sxvadasxva ganmarteba

arsebobs.

pirvel cxrilSi, romelic Sedgenilia S.s.o-s mier, ixilavT informacias

saerTaSoriso migraciis tendenciebis Sesaxeb. mniSvnelovania aRiniSnos, rom

migranti mSromelebis procentuli xvedriTi wili msoflios mosaxleobasTan

mimarTebiT droTa ganmavlobaSi TiTqmis ar icvleba da stabiluria. am

TvalsazrisiT mniSvnelovan zrdas hqonda adgili 1985-2000 wlebSi, rac gamowveuli

iyo sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg axali saxelmwifoebis warmoSobiT. bevrma

adamianma, gansakuTrebiT eTnikurma rusebma faqtiurad erT dReSi sakuTari Tavi

“ucxo qveynebSi” aRmoaCines da Sesabamisad migrantebad iTvlebian.

adamianebis mier sazRvris gadakveTis tendenciebi gansakuTrebiT gaZlierda bolo

aTwleulis ganmavlobaSi da saerTaSoriso migrantebis raodenobam 190 milion

adamians miaRwia. arsebuli gaTvlebiT, am cifridan 95 milioni adamiani mSromeli

migranti gaxlavT.

am sakiTxze ufro detaluri informaciis misaRebad SegiZliaT gaecnoT otoe iodas naSroms:

saerTaSoriso migrant mSromelebis globaluri statistika; misamarTze

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/download/articles/2005-2.pdfhttp://www.iom.int/jahia/cache/offone/pid/1674?entryld=932

am sakiTxze ufro detaluri informaciis misaRebad SegiZliaT gaecnoT otoe iodas naSroms:

saerTaSoriso migrant mSromelebis globaluri statistika; misamarTze

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/download/articles/2005-2.pdfhttp://www.iom.int/jahia/cache/offone/pid/1674?entryld=932

23

24

24

23


1-li cxrili-saerTaSoriso migraciis tendenciebi

weli

1965 3 333 75 2.3

1975 4 066 84 2.1

1985 4 825 105 2.2

2000 6 057 175 2.9

2050

wyaro: m.s.o. moxseneba msoflio migraciis Sesaxeb, 2005

9 000 230 2.6

msoflios mosaxleoba

(milionebSi)

migrantebis raodenoba

(milionebSi)

migrantebis xvedriTi

wili %-Si

35


romeli qveynebidan Camodian da romel qveynebSi midian

migranti mSromelebi?

zogierTebi miiCneven, rom SromiTi migrantebi umravles SemTxvevaSi cdiloben

Cavidnen ganviTarebul qveynebSi, maSin rodesac realobaSi migraciis TiTqmis

naxevari xorcieldeba swored ganviTarebad qveynebs SigniT, sparseTis yuris

qveynebSi da “axlad industrirebul qveynebSi”, magaliTad singapurSi. SromiTi

migrantebi agreTve miemgzavrebian aRmosavleT evropis da centraluri aziis

qveynebSi. didi talRa yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebidan (amJamad dsT-s qveynebi)

miedineba ruseTis federaciaSi.

mSromelebis didi raodenoba gadaadgilda haitidan dominikes respublikaSi,

burkina fasodan kot de vuarSi, egviptedan iordaniaSi, indoneziidan malaaziaSi,

mezobeli qveynebidan argentinaSi. yovelwliurad, 2 milionamde azieli mSromeli

miemgzavreba SromiT migraciaSi regionis farglebSi an mis farglebs gareT

moklevadiani kontraqtebiT samuSaoze.

Tumca,aqve unda aRiniSnos,rom 1970-iani wlebidan moyolebuli, gamoikveTa migraciis

zrdis tendencia ganviTarebadi qveynebidan ganviTarebul qveynebSi-kerZod, evropasa

da amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi. am qveynebSi, rogorc wesi, maRali xelfasebi da

Sromis kargi pirobebia da Rirseuli samuSaos ZiebaSi myofi migranti mSromelebi

swored am qveynebSi Casvlas aZleven upiratesobas.

magaliTad, germaniaSi myofi 7.3 milioni ucxoelidan, 25 procentze (2 milioni) meti

TurqeTis moqalaqea. italiaSi, ucxoelebis mxolod 11 procentia evrokavSiri-s

qveynebidan, maSin rodesac 30 procentia CrdiloeT afrikis qveynebidan da

albaneTidan,xolo 27 procenti aziis kontinentidan.

faqtia, rom is qveynebi, romlebsac mSromeli migrantebis udidesi procentuli

raodenoba hyavT: luqsemburgi (30 procenti), Sveicaria(20 procenti) da amerikis

SeerTebuli Statebi (20 procenti) umdidresi qveynebis ricxvs miekuTvnebian.

me-2 cxrilSi naTlad sCans, rom migrant mosaxleobis procentuli wili saerTo

mosaxleobis raodenobasTan ufro maRalia maRalganviTarebul regionebSi,rac kidev

erTxel adasturebs im arguments,rom SromiTi migraciis umTavresi motivi Rirseuli

samuSaos povnaa.

unda aRiniSnos, rom ekonomiuri TanamSromlobis da ganviTarebis organizaciis

( ) 2008 wlis moxsenebis Tanaxmad, ganviTarebul qveynebSi momuSave yoveli 5

migranti mSromelisgan 2 sakuTar samSobloSi brundeba 5wlis periodSi.

OECD

romeli qveynebidan Camodian da romel qveynebSi midian

migranti mSromelebi?

zogierTebi miiCneven, rom SromiTi migrantebi umravles SemTxvevaSi cdiloben

Cavidnen ganviTarebul qveynebSi, maSin rodesac realobaSi migraciis TiTqmis

naxevari xorcieldeba swored ganviTarebad qveynebs SigniT, sparseTis yuris

qveynebSi da “axlad industrirebul qveynebSi”, magaliTad singapurSi. SromiTi

migrantebi agreTve miemgzavrebian aRmosavleT evropis da centraluri aziis

qveynebSi. didi talRa yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebidan (amJamad dsT-s qveynebi)

miedineba ruseTis federaciaSi.

mSromelebis didi raodenoba gadaadgilda haitidan dominikes respublikaSi,

burkina fasodan kot de vuarSi, egviptedan iordaniaSi, indoneziidan malaaziaSi,

mezobeli qveynebidan argentinaSi. yovelwliurad, 2 milionamde azieli mSromeli

miemgzavreba SromiT migraciaSi regionis farglebSi an mis farglebs gareT

moklevadiani kontraqtebiT samuSaoze.

Tumca,aqve unda aRiniSnos,rom 1970-iani wlebidan moyolebuli, gamoikveTa migraciis

zrdis tendencia ganviTarebadi qveynebidan ganviTarebul qveynebSi-kerZod, evropasa

da amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi. am qveynebSi, rogorc wesi, maRali xelfasebi da

Sromis kargi pirobebia da Rirseuli samuSaos ZiebaSi myofi migranti mSromelebi

swored am qveynebSi Casvlas aZleven upiratesobas.

magaliTad, germaniaSi myofi 7.3 milioni ucxoelidan, 25 procentze (2 milioni) meti

TurqeTis moqalaqea. italiaSi, ucxoelebis mxolod 11 procentia evrokavSiri-s

qveynebidan, maSin rodesac 30 procentia CrdiloeT afrikis qveynebidan da

albaneTidan,xolo 27 procenti aziis kontinentidan.

faqtia, rom is qveynebi, romlebsac mSromeli migrantebis udidesi procentuli

raodenoba hyavT: luqsemburgi (30 procenti), Sveicaria(20 procenti) da amerikis

SeerTebuli Statebi (20 procenti) umdidresi qveynebis ricxvs miekuTvnebian.

me-2 cxrilSi naTlad sCans, rom migrant mosaxleobis procentuli wili saerTo

mosaxleobis raodenobasTan ufro maRalia maRalganviTarebul regionebSi,rac kidev

erTxel adasturebs im arguments,rom SromiTi migraciis umTavresi motivi Rirseuli

samuSaos povnaa.

unda aRiniSnos, rom ekonomiuri TanamSromlobis da ganviTarebis organizaciis

( ) 2008 wlis moxsenebis Tanaxmad, ganviTarebul qveynebSi momuSave yoveli 5

migranti mSromelisgan 2 sakuTar samSobloSi brundeba 5wlis periodSi.

OECD

me

-3

Ta

vi

36

gaero-s generaluri mdivnis moxsenebidan generaluri asambleeis me-60 sxdomaze, 2006 wlis maisi,

saerTaSoriso migracia da ganviTareba:

http://deccessdds.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/NO6/353/54/PDF/NO635354.PDF?OpenElement

gaero-s generaluri mdivnis moxsenebidan generaluri asambleeis me-60 sxdomaze, 2006 wlis maisi,

saerTaSoriso migracia da ganviTareba:

http://deccessdds.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/NO6/353/54/PDF/NO635354.PDF?OpenElement

25

25


cxrili 2 msoflios sxvadasxva regionSi myofi migranti mSromelebis

daaxloebiTi raodenoba, migrantebis procentuli xvedriTi wili: 1990-2005

regioni

qalebis

xvd.wili

raodenoba

milionebSi

procent.

gadanawileba

zrda

milionebSi

msoflio 154.8 190.6 35.8

33.0

2.8

0.7

3.5

-0.3

16.9

14.7

0.3

40.6

33.4

7.3

1.0

-2.2

-4.7

115.4

75.2

17.1

53.3

6.6

44.5

64.1

5.0

112.3

90.8

21.5

25.7

22.6

28.0

82.4

72.5

16.4

49.8

7.0

27.6

49.4

4.8

71.6

57.4

14.2

24.7

24.8

32.7

1990 2005 1990-2005 1990 2005 1990 2005

100 100 49.0 49.6

53 61 52.0 52.2

47 39 45.7 45.5

11 9 45.9 47.4

32 28 45.1 44.7

5 3 49.7 50.3

32 34 52.8 53.4

3 3 49.1 51.3

21 15 46.9 47.8

16 12 51.7 52.9

16 13 52.5 52.9

9 11 39.3 39.8

37 48 50.1 50.8

46 59 47.9 48.7

18 23 51.0 50.4

afrika

azia

laTinuri amerika

da kariibiis qveynebi

Crdil. amerika

evropa

okeanea

maRalSemosavliani

qveynebi

maRalSemosavliani

ganviTarebadi qveynebi

maRalSemosavliani

ganviTarebuli qveynebi

maRali-saSualo

Semosavliani qveynebi

dabali-saSualo

Semosavliani qveynebi

dabal-Semosavliani

qveynebi

wyaro: gaero,migraciis tendenciebi,2005 wlis mimoxilva

ufro ganviTarebuli

regionebi

naklebad ganviTarebuli

regionebi

37


asakobrivi kategoriebi

kvalifikacia da unar-Cvevebi

rogorc wesi, migracia yvelaze ufro farTod gavrcelebuli axalgazrdebSia. 2003

wels, gaerTianebul samefoSi 15-24 da 25-44 asakis adamianebi erTobliobaSi

Seadgendnen Sida migracis 84% da gare migraciis 75%-s da es tendenciebi met-

naklebad igivea yvela qveyanaSi. bolodroindelma kvlevam, romelSic ZiriTadad

yuradReba gamaxvilebulia xmelTaSua zRvis samxreT da aRmosavleT regionebidan

(egvipte, moroko da TurqeTi) da sub-saharis afrikis(gana da senegali)qveynebidan

evropis kavSiris qveynebSi migraciaze, daadastura, rom igive asakobrivi jgufis

adamianebi Seadgenen migrantebis absolutur umravlesobas. miuxedavad imisa, rom

migranti qalebis ricxvi matulobs,migrantebis umravlesobas martoxela 20-40 wlis

mamakacebi Seadgenen.

dRes,migrantebs Soris SexvdebiT rogorc kvalifikaciis armqone,aseve profesional

da menejeruli unar-Cvevebis mqone mSromelebs. migraciis erT-erTi mniSvnelovano

faqtori gaxlavT ganviTarebuli saxelmwifoebis mier yvelaze kvalificirebuli

uxcoeli personalis mozidva. magaliTad,1995-2000wlebSi -s mTel rig qveynebSi

kvalificirebuli migrant mSromelebis raodenobam, romlebic muSaobdnen

informaciuli teqnologiebis sferoSi,eqimebi,eqTnebi da sxva sferoebSi, gadaaWarba

arakvalificirebuli migranti mSromelebis raodenobas.

qveynebis umravlesoba ufro miesalmeba kvalificiuri mSromeli migrantebis miRebas,

vidre es arakvalificirebuli migrantebis SemTxvevaSia. magaliTad, avstralias da

kanadas profesionalizmis qulebiT Sefasebis sistemaa aqvs SemoRebuli, rac

profesionali migrantebisTvis aadvilebs am qveynebSi legalurad muSaobas.

maRalkvalificirebuli migrant mSromelebisTvis aseve SedarebiT martivia amerikis

SeerTebul StatebSi muSaoba,Tu amaze arsebobs amerikeli damqiraveblis moTxovna.

1990-an wlebSi, ganviTarebuli qveynebis umravlesobaSi arsebobda moTxovna

jandacvis sferoSi momuSave ucxoel profesionalebze. gaerTianebul samefoSi

dasaqmebuli eqimebis 33% da eqTnebis 13% ucxoeTSia dabadebuli da bolo 10 wlis

ganmavlobaSi jandacvis sferoSi dasaqmebuli damxmare personalis 50%-ma ganaTleba

ucxoeTSi miiRo.

zemoTxsenebuli qveynebis umravlesobas gansxvavebuli mosazreba gaaCnia

“arakvalificirebul mSromel migrantebTan” dakavSirebiT da maTTvis saqmaod

rTulia am qveynebSi legalurad Sesvla da darCena.

miuxedavad amisa, arakvalificirebuli mSromelebze moTxovna didia, radgan

ganviTarebadi qveynebisTvis damaxasiaTebelia samuSao Zalis dabereba da Sobadobis

kleba. yovelive es ki zrdis arakvalificirebuli migrantebis saWiroebas. faqtia,

rom bevri qveynis ekonomikuri warmateba da keTildReoba damokidebuli migraciis

tempebis zrdaze. SesaZloa maspinZeli qveynebi “upiratesobas” aniWebdnen

kvalificirebuli mSromelebis migracias da xels uSlidnen kvalifikaciis armqone

mSromelebis maT qveyanaSi Semosvlas-magram faqtia,rom maT gareSe am qveynebs Zalian

gauWirdebodaT. arakvalificirebul mSromelebTan mimarTebiT ganviTarebuli

qveynebis mier gatarebuli politika aralegaluri migraciis xelSemwyobi faqtoria.

romel seqtorSi muSaoben migranti mSromelebi da ra samuSaos asruleben isini daniSnulebis

qveynebSi?

OECD

asakobrivi kategoriebi

kvalifikacia da unar-Cvevebi

rogorc wesi, migracia yvelaze ufro farTod gavrcelebuli axalgazrdebSia. 2003

wels, gaerTianebul samefoSi 15-24 da 25-44 asakis adamianebi erTobliobaSi

Seadgendnen Sida migracis 84% da gare migraciis 75%-s da es tendenciebi met-

naklebad igivea yvela qveyanaSi. bolodroindelma kvlevam, romelSic ZiriTadad

yuradReba gamaxvilebulia xmelTaSua zRvis samxreT da aRmosavleT regionebidan

(egvipte, moroko da TurqeTi) da sub-saharis afrikis(gana da senegali)qveynebidan

evropis kavSiris qveynebSi migraciaze, daadastura, rom igive asakobrivi jgufis

adamianebi Seadgenen migrantebis absolutur umravlesobas. miuxedavad imisa, rom

migranti qalebis ricxvi matulobs,migrantebis umravlesobas martoxela 20-40 wlis

mamakacebi Seadgenen.

dRes,migrantebs Soris SexvdebiT rogorc kvalifikaciis armqone,aseve profesional

da menejeruli unar-Cvevebis mqone mSromelebs. migraciis erT-erTi mniSvnelovano

faqtori gaxlavT ganviTarebuli saxelmwifoebis mier yvelaze kvalificirebuli

uxcoeli personalis mozidva. magaliTad,1995-2000wlebSi -s mTel rig qveynebSi

kvalificirebuli migrant mSromelebis raodenobam, romlebic muSaobdnen

informaciuli teqnologiebis sferoSi,eqimebi,eqTnebi da sxva sferoebSi, gadaaWarba

arakvalificirebuli migranti mSromelebis raodenobas.

qveynebis umravlesoba ufro miesalmeba kvalificiuri mSromeli migrantebis miRebas,

vidre es arakvalificirebuli migrantebis SemTxvevaSia. magaliTad, avstralias da

kanadas profesionalizmis qulebiT Sefasebis sistemaa aqvs SemoRebuli, rac

profesionali migrantebisTvis aadvilebs am qveynebSi legalurad muSaobas.

maRalkvalificirebuli migrant mSromelebisTvis aseve SedarebiT martivia amerikis

SeerTebul StatebSi muSaoba,Tu amaze arsebobs amerikeli damqiraveblis moTxovna.

1990-an wlebSi, ganviTarebuli qveynebis umravlesobaSi arsebobda moTxovna

jandacvis sferoSi momuSave ucxoel profesionalebze. gaerTianebul samefoSi

dasaqmebuli eqimebis 33% da eqTnebis 13% ucxoeTSia dabadebuli da bolo 10 wlis

ganmavlobaSi jandacvis sferoSi dasaqmebuli damxmare personalis 50%-ma ganaTleba

ucxoeTSi miiRo.

zemoTxsenebuli qveynebis umravlesobas gansxvavebuli mosazreba gaaCnia

“arakvalificirebul mSromel migrantebTan” dakavSirebiT da maTTvis saqmaod

rTulia am qveynebSi legalurad Sesvla da darCena.

miuxedavad amisa, arakvalificirebuli mSromelebze moTxovna didia, radgan

ganviTarebadi qveynebisTvis damaxasiaTebelia samuSao Zalis dabereba da Sobadobis

kleba. yovelive es ki zrdis arakvalificirebuli migrantebis saWiroebas. faqtia,

rom bevri qveynis ekonomikuri warmateba da keTildReoba damokidebuli migraciis

tempebis zrdaze. SesaZloa maspinZeli qveynebi “upiratesobas” aniWebdnen

kvalificirebuli mSromelebis migracias da xels uSlidnen kvalifikaciis armqone

mSromelebis maT qveyanaSi Semosvlas-magram faqtia,rom maT gareSe am qveynebs Zalian

gauWirdebodaT. arakvalificirebul mSromelebTan mimarTebiT ganviTarebuli

qveynebis mier gatarebuli politika aralegaluri migraciis xelSemwyobi faqtoria.

romel seqtorSi muSaoben migranti mSromelebi da ra samuSaos asruleben isini daniSnulebis

qveynebSi?

OECD

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qalebi da mamakacebi globaluri migranti mSromelebis rigebSi

zogadad, saxezea qali migranti mSromelebis xvedriTi wilis zrda rogorc

ganviTarebuli, aseve ganviTarebadi qveynebis Sromis bazarze da Sromatevadi

industriis da momsaxurebis sxadasva sferoSi dasaqmebulTa umravlesobas ukve qali

migrantebi Seadgens. me-2 cxrilSi mocemulia am sferoSi msoflios sxvadasxva

regionSi arsebuli tendenciebi. migranti mSromeli qalebis raodenobis zrdis

paralelurad, SesamCnevia mamakaci migranti mSromelebis raodenobis kleba, rac

samuSao Zalis “feminizaciis” procesis kidev erTi dasturia. xSir SemTxvevaSi

qalebs miiCneven iafi muSaxelis wyarod da ufro “moqnil” samuSao Zalad SromiT

bazarze mimdinare procesSi, gansakuTrebiT imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom xdeba

warmoebis ekonomikidan momsaxurebis sferos ekonomikaze gadasvla.

globalulurad qali mSromelebis raodenoba (jami dasaqmebuli da umuSevari

qalebi) 2003wels 1.2 miliardi iyo,xolo 1993wels 1 miliardi.

saerTaSoriso migranti mSromeli qalebis xvedriTi wili mudmivad izrdeba da 2005

wels TiTqmis migranti mSromelebis saerTo raodenobis naxevars Seadgenda( ixileT

me-2 cxrili). samwuxarod, jer kidev ar arsebobs zusti monacemebi migrantebis

zogadad da kerZod, migranti qalebis Sesaxeb, maTi genderuli Semadgenlobis da

dasaqmebis sferoebis TvalsazrisiT. amJamad didi moTxovna arsebobs rogorc

kvalificiur,aseve kvalifikaciis armqone migrant mSromel qalebze.


qalebi da mamakacebi globaluri migranti mSromelebis rigebSi

zogadad, saxezea qali migranti mSromelebis xvedriTi wilis zrda rogorc

ganviTarebuli, aseve ganviTarebadi qveynebis Sromis bazarze da Sromatevadi

industriis da momsaxurebis sxadasva sferoSi dasaqmebulTa umravlesobas ukve qali

migrantebi Seadgens. me-2 cxrilSi mocemulia am sferoSi msoflios sxvadasxva

regionSi arsebuli tendenciebi. migranti mSromeli qalebis raodenobis zrdis

paralelurad, SesamCnevia mamakaci migranti mSromelebis raodenobis kleba, rac

samuSao Zalis “feminizaciis” procesis kidev erTi dasturia. xSir SemTxvevaSi

qalebs miiCneven iafi muSaxelis wyarod da ufro “moqnil” samuSao Zalad SromiT

bazarze mimdinare procesSi, gansakuTrebiT imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom xdeba

warmoebis ekonomikidan momsaxurebis sferos ekonomikaze gadasvla.

globalulurad qali mSromelebis raodenoba (jami dasaqmebuli da umuSevari

qalebi) 2003wels 1.2 miliardi iyo,xolo 1993wels 1 miliardi.

saerTaSoriso migranti mSromeli qalebis xvedriTi wili mudmivad izrdeba da 2005

wels TiTqmis migranti mSromelebis saerTo raodenobis naxevars Seadgenda( ixileT

me-2 cxrili). samwuxarod, jer kidev ar arsebobs zusti monacemebi migrantebis

zogadad da kerZod, migranti qalebis Sesaxeb, maTi genderuli Semadgenlobis da

dasaqmebis sferoebis TvalsazrisiT. amJamad didi moTxovna arsebobs rogorc

kvalificiur,aseve kvalifikaciis armqone migrant mSromel qalebze.


39


magaliTad, ganviTarebul qveynebSi, sadac saxezea mosaxleobis daberebis procesi,

jandacvis sferoSi momuSave qalebze moTxovna didia. zogierT qveyanaSi, magaliTad

rogoric aris malaazia,sadac mosaxleobis keTildReobis done izrdeba,qalebisTvis

Cndeba axali samuSao adgilebi-saojaxo xelsaqme da momsaxureba. am tendencias

xSirad moixsenieben rogorc migraciis “feminizacias”(ixileT me-2 cxrili).

qalebi sul ufro da ufro mobilurebi xdebian,magram amasTanave xSirad isini ormagi

diskriminaciis obieqtebi xdebian - rogorc migrant mSromelebi da rogorc qalebi.

milionobiT qalisTvis SromiTi migracia ekonomiuri TvalsazrisiT sasicocxlod

mniSvvnelovania, magram bevri daucveli migranti qalisTvis yovelive es gausaZlis

cxovrebis pirobebTanaa dakavSirebuli. amdenad, migranti qalebi gansakuTrebul

yuradRebas da dacvas saWiroeben.

miuxedavad yovelive zemoTTqmulisa, ar SeiZleba iTqvas, rom migranti qalebis

cxovreba mxolod negatiur faqtorebTanaa dakavSirebuli. SromiTi migracia qalebs

aZlierebs da TviTdajerebulobas matebs maT. SromiTi migraciis da miRebuli

gamocdilebis wyalobiT, bevri qali WeSmaritad professional da damoukidebel

pirovnebad Camoyalibda. bolo periodSi zogierT ganviTarebad qveynaSi Sromis

bazris struqturaSi gatarebulma pozitiurma reformebma warmatebiT Caiara.

magaliTad, ganviTarebul qveynebSi, sadac saxezea mosaxleobis daberebis procesi,

jandacvis sferoSi momuSave qalebze moTxovna didia. zogierT qveyanaSi, magaliTad

rogoric aris malaazia,sadac mosaxleobis keTildReobis done izrdeba,qalebisTvis

Cndeba axali samuSao adgilebi-saojaxo xelsaqme da momsaxureba. am tendencias

xSirad moixsenieben rogorc migraciis “feminizacias”(ixileT me-2 cxrili).

qalebi sul ufro da ufro mobilurebi xdebian,magram amasTanave xSirad isini ormagi

diskriminaciis obieqtebi xdebian - rogorc migrant mSromelebi da rogorc qalebi.

milionobiT qalisTvis SromiTi migracia ekonomiuri TvalsazrisiT sasicocxlod

mniSvvnelovania, magram bevri daucveli migranti qalisTvis yovelive es gausaZlis

cxovrebis pirobebTanaa dakavSirebuli. amdenad, migranti qalebi gansakuTrebul

yuradRebas da dacvas saWiroeben.

miuxedavad yovelive zemoTTqmulisa, ar SeiZleba iTqvas, rom migranti qalebis

cxovreba mxolod negatiur faqtorebTanaa dakavSirebuli. SromiTi migracia qalebs

aZlierebs da TviTdajerebulobas matebs maT. SromiTi migraciis da miRebuli

gamocdilebis wyalobiT, bevri qali WeSmaritad professional da damoukidebel

pirovnebad Camoyalibda. bolo periodSi zogierT ganviTarebad qveynaSi Sromis

bazris struqturaSi gatarebulma pozitiurma reformebma warmatebiT Caiara.

migranti mSromeli qalebis procentuli xvedriTi wili izrdeba

msoflos migranti mosaxleobis daaxloebiT naxevars qalebi Seadgenen da es

maCvenebeli 1960wlidan (35 milioni) 2005 wlamde (94 milioni) daaxloebiT sami

procentiT gaizarda.

1960-2005 wlebSi migranti qalebis raodenobis zrda yvelaze metad msoflios

Semdeg regionebSi SeimCneoda: afrika,evropa,centraluri azia,laTinuri amerika

da karibis auzis qveynebi.

migranti mSromeli masebis genderuli Semadgenloba gansxvavebulia sxvadasxva

regionebSi. magaliTad, afrikidan, samxreT aziidan da Sua aRmosavleTidan

wamosuli migranti mSromelebis umravlesoba mamakacia, xolo aRmosavleT

aziidan, wynari okeanis regionidan, evropidan, centraluri aziidan, laTinuri

amerikidan da karibiis auzis qveynebidan wamosuli migrant mSromelebis

umravlesoba mdedrobiTi sqesisaa.

msoflio banki,migracia qalebSi: qalebis saerTaSoriso migraciis masStabi,tendenciebi da

gavlenebi,2006.

migranti mSromeli qalebis procentuli xvedriTi wili izrdeba

msoflos migranti mosaxleobis daaxloebiT naxevars qalebi Seadgenen da es

maCvenebeli 1960wlidan (35 milioni) 2005 wlamde (94 milioni) daaxloebiT sami

procentiT gaizarda.

1960-2005 wlebSi migranti qalebis raodenobis zrda yvelaze metad msoflios

Semdeg regionebSi SeimCneoda: afrika,evropa,centraluri azia,laTinuri amerika

da karibis auzis qveynebi.

migranti mSromeli masebis genderuli Semadgenloba gansxvavebulia sxvadasxva

regionebSi. magaliTad, afrikidan, samxreT aziidan da Sua aRmosavleTidan

wamosuli migranti mSromelebis umravlesoba mamakacia, xolo aRmosavleT

aziidan, wynari okeanis regionidan, evropidan, centraluri aziidan, laTinuri

amerikidan da karibiis auzis qveynebidan wamosuli migrant mSromelebis

umravlesoba mdedrobiTi sqesisaa.

msoflio banki,migracia qalebSi: qalebis saerTaSoriso migraciis masStabi,tendenciebi da

gavlenebi,2006.26

http://go.worldbank.org/L9OFC98Y026

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40

ojaxebSi momuSave qali migranti mSromelebi

ojaxebSi momuSave migranti mSromeli qalebi msoflioSi yvelaze mowyvladi

mSromelebis kategorias ganekuTvneba. ekonomikuri siduxWiris gamo,migranti qalebis

umravlesoba Raribi qveynebidan mdidar qveynebSi miemgzavreba, toveben ra sakuTar

Svilebs naTesavebis an daqiravebuli adgilobrivi ZiZebis imedad.

2005 wels, honkongSi ojaxebSi momuSave migranti mSromelebis raodenobam 223,394

adamians gadaaWarba.

1999-2001 wlebSi, 691,285 qalma datova sakuTari qveyana (rac indoezieli migrant

mSromelebis saerTo ricxvis 72 procents Seadgens) da ucxoeTSi maTi

umravlesoba swored ojaxebSi muSaobs.

italiaSi,ojaxebSi momuSave daqiravebuli 1 milioniani personalidan,50 procenti

mromelebisa evropis kavSiris ara wevri qveynebis moqalaqebi arian.

arsebuli statistikis Tanaxmad, italiaSi arsebuli migranti mSromelebis 50

procenze meti swored kerZo pirebis ojaxebSi muSaoben.

kosta rikaSi ojaxSi momuSave migrantebis umravlesoba nikaraguis moqalaqeebi

arian.

aziis kontinentze, yvelaze meti qali migraciaSi miemgzavreba indoneziidan,

filipinebidan da Sri-lankidan.

pirobebi, romelSic kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi momuSave migrantebi muSaoben, Zalian

gansxvavebulia SemTxvevidan SemTxvevamde. zogierTi damqiraveblis ojaxSi migrant

mSromels rogorc ojaxis wevrs ise eqcevian, maSin rodesac zogan maT rogorc

monebs ise eqcevian da xSiria iZulebiTi Sromis SemTxvevebic. zogjer migranti

mSromelebi dReSi 15-16 saaTs muSaoben, yovelgvari dasvenebis an damatebiTi

anazRaurebis gareSe; maTi xelfasebi Zalian dabalia da maT ar gaaCniaT araviTari

samedicino dazRveva.

zogierT SemTxvevaSi, gansakuTrebiT rodesac saqme exeba kvalifikaciis armqone

qalebs, ufro maRali riski arsebobs imis, rom isini eqsploataciis da

trefikingis msxverplni gaxdnen. aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac mSromeli migranti

qalebi sastiki seqsualuri Zaladobis, adamianis Rirsebis Semlaxveli mopyrobis

msxverplni xdebian.

�

�

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ojaxebSi momuSave qali migranti mSromelebi

ojaxebSi momuSave migranti mSromeli qalebi msoflioSi yvelaze mowyvladi

mSromelebis kategorias ganekuTvneba. ekonomikuri siduxWiris gamo,migranti qalebis

umravlesoba Raribi qveynebidan mdidar qveynebSi miemgzavreba, toveben ra sakuTar

Svilebs naTesavebis an daqiravebuli adgilobrivi ZiZebis imedad.

2005 wels, honkongSi ojaxebSi momuSave migranti mSromelebis raodenobam 223,394

adamians gadaaWarba.

1999-2001 wlebSi, 691,285 qalma datova sakuTari qveyana (rac indoezieli migrant

mSromelebis saerTo ricxvis 72 procents Seadgens) da ucxoeTSi maTi

umravlesoba swored ojaxebSi muSaobs.

italiaSi,ojaxebSi momuSave daqiravebuli 1 milioniani personalidan,50 procenti

mromelebisa evropis kavSiris ara wevri qveynebis moqalaqebi arian.

arsebuli statistikis Tanaxmad, italiaSi arsebuli migranti mSromelebis 50

procenze meti swored kerZo pirebis ojaxebSi muSaoben.

kosta rikaSi ojaxSi momuSave migrantebis umravlesoba nikaraguis moqalaqeebi

arian.

aziis kontinentze, yvelaze meti qali migraciaSi miemgzavreba indoneziidan,

filipinebidan da Sri-lankidan.

pirobebi, romelSic kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi momuSave migrantebi muSaoben, Zalian

gansxvavebulia SemTxvevidan SemTxvevamde. zogierTi damqiraveblis ojaxSi migrant

mSromels rogorc ojaxis wevrs ise eqcevian, maSin rodesac zogan maT rogorc

monebs ise eqcevian da xSiria iZulebiTi Sromis SemTxvevebic. zogjer migranti

mSromelebi dReSi 15-16 saaTs muSaoben, yovelgvari dasvenebis an damatebiTi

anazRaurebis gareSe; maTi xelfasebi Zalian dabalia da maT ar gaaCniaT araviTari

samedicino dazRveva.

zogierT SemTxvevaSi, gansakuTrebiT rodesac saqme exeba kvalifikaciis armqone

qalebs, ufro maRali riski arsebobs imis, rom isini eqsploataciis da

trefikingis msxverplni gaxdnen. aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac mSromeli migranti

qalebi sastiki seqsualuri Zaladobis, adamianis Rirsebis Semlaxveli mopyrobis

msxverplni xdebian.

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41


ojaxebSi kerZo pirebTan momuSave migrantebis dacva saerTaSoriso konvenciis

ZaliT

2008 wlis marts, S.s.o-s mmarTvelma organom miiRo gadawyvetileba 2010 wlis

Sromis saerTaSoriso konferenciis dRis wesrigSi Seetana kerZo pirebTan

ojaxebSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebisTvis Rirseuli samuSao pirobebis Seqmnis

sakiTxi da miznad isaxavs axali konvenciis da rekomendaciebis saSualebiT am

sferoSi axali standartebis danergvas.

swored am motiviT iyo ganpirobebuli is mxardaWera, rac am iniciativam miiRo

rogorc S.s.o-s da profkavSirebis mxridan,aseve bevri saxelmwifos mTavrobebis

mxridan. am sakiTxis dRis wesrigSi dayenebas Sromis saerTaSoriso

konferenciis delegatebi jer kidev 60 wlis win, 1948 wels iTxovdnen, da ai es

moTxovna 2010 wels realobad iqceva.

S.s.o-s Tanaxmad, “kvlevebi da empiriuli dakvirvebebi adastureben, rom kerZo

pirebTan ojaxebSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebisTvis Rirseuli samuSao Zalze

deficituria mTels msoflioSi” da maRali albaTobiT, “es tendenciebi

momavalSic SenarCundeba”. yvelaze mokrZalebuli gaTvlebiTac ki, am sferoSi

dakavebuli adamianebis ricxvi as milion adamians aWarbebs da maTi absoluturi

umravlesoba qalia.

aranormirebuli samuSao dRe, dabali xelfasebi, araadeqvaturi socialuri da

jandacvis dazRveva, seqsualuri Seuracyofa da fizikuri Zaladoba,

eqspluatacia da TaRliToba damqiravebeli saagentoebis mxridan, iZulebiTi

Sroma da xSirad bavSvis Sromis gamoyeneba-yovelive es tendenciebi gamovlenil

iqna S.s.o-s kvlevaSi. masSi xazgasmulia,rom swored am kategoriis mSromelebia

yvelaze mowyvladi,da swored am adamianebis fundamentaluri uflebebi irRveva

yvelaze metad. amdenad, swored es adamianebi saWiroeben gansakuTrebul

yuradRebas da mxardaWeras profkavSirebis mxridan.

“iSviaTobaa SemTxvevebi, rodesac S.s.o-s mmarTvel organos uwevs istoriuli

gadawyvetilebebis miReba, magram es gadawyvetileba swored aseTi

gadawyvetilebebis rigs ganekuTvneba”, ganacxada S.s.o-s mSromelTa jgufis

warmomadgenelma roi trotmanma.

am gadawyvetilebas mxari dauWira 20 mTavrobis warmomadgenelma. garda amisa,

damsaqmebelTa warmomadgenlebmac gamoTqves sakuTari mzadyofna monawileoba

miiRon am sakiTxebze msjelobaSi da ganacxades, rom isini ar ewinaaRmdegebian

mmarTveli organos saboloo gadawyvetilebas.

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederacia ( ) da msoflio profkavSirebi

miesalmnen Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis am gadawyvetilebas da

yovelmxrivi daxmareba aRmouCines maT adamianuri resursebis mobilizaciis da

mTavrobebTan lobisturi saqmianobis ganxorcielebis TvalsazrisiT. es

daxmareba mniSvnelovani da drouli aRmoCnda.

ITUC

ojaxebSi kerZo pirebTan momuSave migrantebis dacva saerTaSoriso konvenciis

ZaliT

2008 wlis marts, S.s.o-s mmarTvelma organom miiRo gadawyvetileba 2010 wlis

Sromis saerTaSoriso konferenciis dRis wesrigSi Seetana kerZo pirebTan

ojaxebSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebisTvis Rirseuli samuSao pirobebis Seqmnis

sakiTxi da miznad isaxavs axali konvenciis da rekomendaciebis saSualebiT am

sferoSi axali standartebis danergvas.

swored am motiviT iyo ganpirobebuli is mxardaWera, rac am iniciativam miiRo

rogorc S.s.o-s da profkavSirebis mxridan,aseve bevri saxelmwifos mTavrobebis

mxridan. am sakiTxis dRis wesrigSi dayenebas Sromis saerTaSoriso

konferenciis delegatebi jer kidev 60 wlis win, 1948 wels iTxovdnen, da ai es

moTxovna 2010 wels realobad iqceva.

S.s.o-s Tanaxmad, “kvlevebi da empiriuli dakvirvebebi adastureben, rom kerZo

pirebTan ojaxebSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebisTvis Rirseuli samuSao Zalze

deficituria mTels msoflioSi” da maRali albaTobiT, “es tendenciebi

momavalSic SenarCundeba”. yvelaze mokrZalebuli gaTvlebiTac ki, am sferoSi

dakavebuli adamianebis ricxvi as milion adamians aWarbebs da maTi absoluturi

umravlesoba qalia.

aranormirebuli samuSao dRe, dabali xelfasebi, araadeqvaturi socialuri da

jandacvis dazRveva, seqsualuri Seuracyofa da fizikuri Zaladoba,

eqspluatacia da TaRliToba damqiravebeli saagentoebis mxridan, iZulebiTi

Sroma da xSirad bavSvis Sromis gamoyeneba-yovelive es tendenciebi gamovlenil

iqna S.s.o-s kvlevaSi. masSi xazgasmulia,rom swored am kategoriis mSromelebia

yvelaze mowyvladi,da swored am adamianebis fundamentaluri uflebebi irRveva

yvelaze metad. amdenad, swored es adamianebi saWiroeben gansakuTrebul

yuradRebas da mxardaWeras profkavSirebis mxridan.

“iSviaTobaa SemTxvevebi, rodesac S.s.o-s mmarTvel organos uwevs istoriuli

gadawyvetilebebis miReba, magram es gadawyvetileba swored aseTi

gadawyvetilebebis rigs ganekuTvneba”, ganacxada S.s.o-s mSromelTa jgufis

warmomadgenelma roi trotmanma.

am gadawyvetilebas mxari dauWira 20 mTavrobis warmomadgenelma. garda amisa,

damsaqmebelTa warmomadgenlebmac gamoTqves sakuTari mzadyofna monawileoba

miiRon am sakiTxebze msjelobaSi da ganacxades, rom isini ar ewinaaRmdegebian

mmarTveli organos saboloo gadawyvetilebas.

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederacia ( ) da msoflio profkavSirebi

miesalmnen Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis am gadawyvetilebas da

yovelmxrivi daxmareba aRmouCines maT adamianuri resursebis mobilizaciis da

mTavrobebTan lobisturi saqmianobis ganxorcielebis TvalsazrisiT. es

daxmareba mniSvnelovani da drouli aRmoCnda.

ITUC

27

norm/-

S.s.o-s marTveli organo, 31-e sxdoma, Jeneva, marti 2008, dokumenti GB.301/2.

http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/-ed_ relconf/meetingdocument/wcms_09036.pdfnorm/-

S.s.o-s marTveli organo, 31-e sxdoma, Jeneva, marti 2008, dokumenti GB.301/2.

http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/-ed_ relconf/meetingdocument/wcms_09036.pdf

27

me

-3

Ta

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42

migranti mSromelebis sxvadasxva ti pebi

SesaZlebelia migranti mSromelebis dayofa sxvadasxva kategoriad, magram

mniSvnelovania gvaxsovdes, rom mSromelebi SesaZloa gadadiodnen erTi

kategoriidan meore kategoriaSi.

1. damkvidrebulebi-adamianebi, romlebic erTi qveynidan meore qveyanaSi Camovidnen

mudmivad sacxovreblad. bolo periodSi es migraciis sakmaod gavrcelebuli

formaa, rodesac adamianebi mudmivad sacxovreblad Camodiodnen avstraliaSi,

zogierTi samxreT amerikis qveynebSi an amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi. magaliTad,

argentinis mosaxleobis daaxloebiT 40 procenti italiuri warmoSobisaa.

migraciis es formebi dResac gvxvdeba,Tumca ufro mcire masStabebiT.

2. kontraqtiT momuSave mSromelebi- mSromelebi, romlebic qveyanSi SemouSves im

vadis amowurvamde, ra vadac gaTvaliswinebulia SromiTi kontraqtiT da imis

molodiniT,rom isini dabrundebian sakuTar qveyanaSi kontraqtis vadis amowurvis

Semdeg. 1950-ian,1960-ian wlebSi droebiT Camosuli migrantebis programa migraciis

am kategorias ganekuTvneboda. wina wlebSi, migrantebs SeeZloeT

gaexangrZlivebinaT kontraqti,ufro meti xani darCeniliyvnen maspinZel qveyanaSi

da bolos samudamod dafuZnebuliyvnen iq. amis magaliTia Turqi migranti

mSromelebi germaniaSi. amJamad, Sua aRmosavleTis qveynebSi sakmaod didi

raodenobiT SexvdebiT kontraqtiT momuSave migrant mSromelebs, gansakuTrebiT

mSeneblobis da momsaxurebis sferoSi. kontraqtori mSromelebi agreTve

muSaoben soflis meurneobis sferoSi sezonur samuSaoebze. kontraqtiT momuSave

migranti mSromelebis gansakuTrebuli kategoriaa mivlinebiT sakuTari

damqiraveblis mier mivlinebuli mSromelebi, romlebic drois garkveuli

periodiT mivlinebulni arian sxva qveyanaSi. rogorc wesi, am kategoriis

mSromelebi maRali kvalifikaciis matarebeli adamianebi arian. evropis kavSiris

kanonmdeblobaSi, aris specialuri debulebebi, romlebic aregulirebs

mivlinebuli kontraqtiT momuSave mSromelebis saqmianobas.

3. profesionalebi- maRalkvalificiuri mSromelebi,romelzec didi moTxovnaa bevr

qveyanaSi da roforc wesi, am kategoriis adamianebisTvis sxva qveyanaSi muSaobis

SemzRudavi barierebi umniSvneloa.

4. mSromelebi, romelTac ar gaaCniaT saTanado samarTleblivi statusi. S.s.o aseTi

kategoriis mSromelebad miiCnevs im mSromelebs, romlebic erTi qveynidan meore

qveyanaSi gadadian Sesabamis dokumentaciis gareSe arasaTanado an ukanono

meTodebis gamoyenebiT. unda aRiniSnos, rom mTel rig SemTxvevebSi, adgilobrivi

administratiuli organoebi uars eubnebian migrant mSromelebs gauxangrZlivon

qveyanaSi muSaobis da darCenis ufleba,rac maT samarTleblivi statusis armqone

pirebad xdiT, im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu Tavidan isini qveyanaSi absluturad

legalurad Semovidnen.

5. TavSesafaris maZiebelni an ltolvilebi-adamianebi,romlebmac datoves sakuTari

saxlebi raTa Tavi aeridebinaT realuri safrTxeebisTvis,rac xSirad politikur,

religiur da eTnikur devnaSi gamoixateba. mas Semdeg,rac ganmcxadebels mieniWeba

ltolvilis statusi,maT,rogorc wesi SeuZliaT mudmivad darCnen da kanonieread

imuSaon statusis mimcem qveyanaSi. Tumca, manam sanam statusis miniWeba ar miniWebis

statusi wydeba, bevri adamiani, ubralod Tavis gadarCenis mizniT iwyebs muSaobas,

Tumca SesaZloa mas es ekrZalebodes am qveynis kanonmdeblobiT.

migranti mSromelebis sxvadasxva ti pebi

SesaZlebelia migranti mSromelebis dayofa sxvadasxva kategoriad, magram

mniSvnelovania gvaxsovdes, rom mSromelebi SesaZloa gadadiodnen erTi

kategoriidan meore kategoriaSi.

1. damkvidrebulebi-adamianebi, romlebic erTi qveynidan meore qveyanaSi Camovidnen

mudmivad sacxovreblad. bolo periodSi es migraciis sakmaod gavrcelebuli

formaa, rodesac adamianebi mudmivad sacxovreblad Camodiodnen avstraliaSi,

zogierTi samxreT amerikis qveynebSi an amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi. magaliTad,

argentinis mosaxleobis daaxloebiT 40 procenti italiuri warmoSobisaa.

migraciis es formebi dResac gvxvdeba,Tumca ufro mcire masStabebiT.

2. kontraqtiT momuSave mSromelebi- mSromelebi, romlebic qveyanSi SemouSves im

vadis amowurvamde, ra vadac gaTvaliswinebulia SromiTi kontraqtiT da imis

molodiniT,rom isini dabrundebian sakuTar qveyanaSi kontraqtis vadis amowurvis

Semdeg. 1950-ian,1960-ian wlebSi droebiT Camosuli migrantebis programa migraciis

am kategorias ganekuTvneboda. wina wlebSi, migrantebs SeeZloeT

gaexangrZlivebinaT kontraqti,ufro meti xani darCeniliyvnen maspinZel qveyanaSi

da bolos samudamod dafuZnebuliyvnen iq. amis magaliTia Turqi migranti

mSromelebi germaniaSi. amJamad, Sua aRmosavleTis qveynebSi sakmaod didi

raodenobiT SexvdebiT kontraqtiT momuSave migrant mSromelebs, gansakuTrebiT

mSeneblobis da momsaxurebis sferoSi. kontraqtori mSromelebi agreTve

muSaoben soflis meurneobis sferoSi sezonur samuSaoebze. kontraqtiT momuSave

migranti mSromelebis gansakuTrebuli kategoriaa mivlinebiT sakuTari

damqiraveblis mier mivlinebuli mSromelebi, romlebic drois garkveuli

periodiT mivlinebulni arian sxva qveyanaSi. rogorc wesi, am kategoriis

mSromelebi maRali kvalifikaciis matarebeli adamianebi arian. evropis kavSiris

kanonmdeblobaSi, aris specialuri debulebebi, romlebic aregulirebs

mivlinebuli kontraqtiT momuSave mSromelebis saqmianobas.

3. profesionalebi- maRalkvalificiuri mSromelebi,romelzec didi moTxovnaa bevr

qveyanaSi da roforc wesi, am kategoriis adamianebisTvis sxva qveyanaSi muSaobis

SemzRudavi barierebi umniSvneloa.

4. mSromelebi, romelTac ar gaaCniaT saTanado samarTleblivi statusi. S.s.o aseTi

kategoriis mSromelebad miiCnevs im mSromelebs, romlebic erTi qveynidan meore

qveyanaSi gadadian Sesabamis dokumentaciis gareSe arasaTanado an ukanono

meTodebis gamoyenebiT. unda aRiniSnos, rom mTel rig SemTxvevebSi, adgilobrivi

administratiuli organoebi uars eubnebian migrant mSromelebs gauxangrZlivon

qveyanaSi muSaobis da darCenis ufleba,rac maT samarTleblivi statusis armqone

pirebad xdiT, im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu Tavidan isini qveyanaSi absluturad

legalurad Semovidnen.

5. TavSesafaris maZiebelni an ltolvilebi-adamianebi,romlebmac datoves sakuTari

saxlebi raTa Tavi aeridebinaT realuri safrTxeebisTvis,rac xSirad politikur,

religiur da eTnikur devnaSi gamoixateba. mas Semdeg,rac ganmcxadebels mieniWeba

ltolvilis statusi,maT,rogorc wesi SeuZliaT mudmivad darCnen da kanonieread

imuSaon statusis mimcem qveyanaSi. Tumca, manam sanam statusis miniWeba ar miniWebis

statusi wydeba, bevri adamiani, ubralod Tavis gadarCenis mizniT iwyebs muSaobas,

Tumca SesaZloa mas es ekrZalebodes am qveynis kanonmdeblobiT.


,piter stalkeri The work of strangers: a survey of international labour migration, ILO, 1994,

http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/1994/94B09_267_engl.pdf

,piter stalkeri The work of strangers: a survey of international labour migration, ILO, 1994,

http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/1994/94B09_267_engl.pdf

28

28

43


teqnikuri xasiaTis informacia -Tan dakavSirebiTGATS

msoflios savaWro organizaciis( ) zogadi xelSekruleba momsaxurebis

sferoSi savaWro urTierTobebis Sesaxeb( ) Sedgeba oTxi ZiriTadi

“modelisagan”. es modelebia:

– sasazRvro TanamSromloba momsaxurebis sferoSi, rodesac ar xdeba

momsaxurebis mimwodebeli erTeulebis fizikuri gadaadgileba (mag. safosto

momsaxureba da telekomunikaciebi).

_ momxmareblis droebiT gadadgilebis Sedegad momsaxurebiT

sargebloba ucxoeTSi (mag. ucxoeTSi samkurnalod Casuli pacienti an

saswavleblad Casuli studenti).

_ komerciuli filialebis arseboba ucxoeTSi (mag. bankebi,

saavadmyofoebi, an samSeneblo firmebi), romlebic ucxoeli kompaniebis

mflobelobaSi arian.

_ sxvadasxva momsaxurebis gawevis mizniT, fizikuri pirebis mier

droebiT sazRvargareT wasvla(mag. menejerebi an eqimebi).

me-4 modeli faravs momsaxurebis sferoSi dakavebuli personalis oTx

kategorias,esenia:

momsaxureobis realizatorebi (mag. dazRvevis paketis realizatorebi)

korporaciebsSoriso transferebi (mag. aRmasrulebeli pirebi, menejerebi da

specialistebi);

bizness vizitorebi (mag. ucxoelebi,romelic sxva qveyanaSi afuZneben ofiss

an mTavari organizaciis filials);

damoukidebeli kontraqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli servisis mimwodeblebi(mag.

eqimebi,arqiteqtorebi).

-s me-4 modeli exeba mxolod im migrant mSromelebs, romlebic ucxoeTSi

mxolod droebiT midian, Tumca ar arsebobs zusti ganmarteba imisa, Tu ra

igulisxmeba termini “droebiT”-is qveS. Tumca, praqtikidan gamomdinare, es dro

ganisazRvreba mxareebs Soris miRweuli SeTanxmebiT da SeiZleba gagrZeldes

ramdenime Tvidan ramdenime wlamde.

me-4 moduli ar vrceldeba zogadad im adamianebze, romlebic eZieben

xelmisawvdomobas ucxo qveynis Sromis bazarze, arc maTze, romlebsac surT

ucxo qveynis moqalaqeobis miRebeba,TavSesafari an mudmivad cxovrebis ufleba.

jerjerobiT ar aris naTeli,ra gavlena SeuZlia modelma 4 moaxdinos migranti

mSromelebis gadaadgilebis regulirebaze da profkavSirebma am sakiTxs

saTanado yuredReba unda dauTmon. ar arsebobs imis aranairi safuZveli, rom

msoflios savaWro organizaciam ramenairad akontrolos fizikuri pirebis

gadaadgileba.

WTO

GATS

GATS

modeli 1

modeli 2

modeli 3

modeli 4

�

�

�

�

teqnikuri xasiaTis informacia -Tan dakavSirebiTGATS

msoflios savaWro organizaciis( ) zogadi xelSekruleba momsaxurebis

sferoSi savaWro urTierTobebis Sesaxeb( ) Sedgeba oTxi ZiriTadi

“modelisagan”. es modelebia:

– sasazRvro TanamSromloba momsaxurebis sferoSi, rodesac ar xdeba

momsaxurebis mimwodebeli erTeulebis fizikuri gadaadgileba (mag. safosto

momsaxureba da telekomunikaciebi).

_ momxmareblis droebiT gadadgilebis Sedegad momsaxurebiT

sargebloba ucxoeTSi (mag. ucxoeTSi samkurnalod Casuli pacienti an

saswavleblad Casuli studenti).

_ komerciuli filialebis arseboba ucxoeTSi (mag. bankebi,

saavadmyofoebi, an samSeneblo firmebi), romlebic ucxoeli kompaniebis

mflobelobaSi arian.

_ sxvadasxva momsaxurebis gawevis mizniT, fizikuri pirebis mier

droebiT sazRvargareT wasvla(mag. menejerebi an eqimebi).

me-4 modeli faravs momsaxurebis sferoSi dakavebuli personalis oTx

kategorias,esenia:

momsaxureobis realizatorebi (mag. dazRvevis paketis realizatorebi)

korporaciebsSoriso transferebi (mag. aRmasrulebeli pirebi, menejerebi da

specialistebi);

bizness vizitorebi (mag. ucxoelebi,romelic sxva qveyanaSi afuZneben ofiss

an mTavari organizaciis filials);

damoukidebeli kontraqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli servisis mimwodeblebi(mag.

eqimebi,arqiteqtorebi).

-s me-4 modeli exeba mxolod im migrant mSromelebs, romlebic ucxoeTSi

mxolod droebiT midian, Tumca ar arsebobs zusti ganmarteba imisa, Tu ra

igulisxmeba termini “droebiT”-is qveS. Tumca, praqtikidan gamomdinare, es dro

ganisazRvreba mxareebs Soris miRweuli SeTanxmebiT da SeiZleba gagrZeldes

ramdenime Tvidan ramdenime wlamde.

me-4 moduli ar vrceldeba zogadad im adamianebze, romlebic eZieben

xelmisawvdomobas ucxo qveynis Sromis bazarze, arc maTze, romlebsac surT

ucxo qveynis moqalaqeobis miRebeba,TavSesafari an mudmivad cxovrebis ufleba.

jerjerobiT ar aris naTeli,ra gavlena SeuZlia modelma 4 moaxdinos migranti

mSromelebis gadaadgilebis regulirebaze da profkavSirebma am sakiTxs

saTanado yuredReba unda dauTmon. ar arsebobs imis aranairi safuZveli, rom

msoflios savaWro organizaciam ramenairad akontrolos fizikuri pirebis

gadaadgileba.

WTO

GATS

GATS

modeli 1

modeli 2

modeli 3

modeli 4

me

-3

Ta

vi

44

ukanono Tu aramarTlzomieri?

migrant mSromelebze msjelobisas,maT mimarT zogjer gamoiyeneba termini “ukanono

migranti”. pirovnebis moxsenieba ukanonod yovelgvar azrs kargavs. yvela pirovneba

uflebamosilia hqondes samarTleblivi statusi.

Tumca,zogierTi mSromeli SeiZleba aralegalur mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndes.

migranti mSromelebi sakuTari qveynidan sxva qveyanaSi Rirseuli samuSaos saZieblad

midian. isini cdiloben Tavi daaRwion siRaribes da diskriminacias, gaiumjobeson

sakuTari da ojaxis wevrebis cxovrebis pirobebi. zogierTi maTgani, dadgenili

wesebis da kvotebis farglebSi axerxebs kanonierad vizis da muSaobis nebarTvis

miRebas,magram bevri maTgani amas ver axerxebs,radganac sxvadasxva qveynis mTavrobebi

ver acnobiereben im realobas, rom maT sWirdebaT rogorc maRalkvalificrebuli,

aseve ufro dabali kvalifikaciis migranti mSromelebi.

ukanono Tu aramarTlzomieri?

migrant mSromelebze msjelobisas,maT mimarT zogjer gamoiyeneba termini “ukanono

migranti”. pirovnebis moxsenieba ukanonod yovelgvar azrs kargavs. yvela pirovneba

uflebamosilia hqondes samarTleblivi statusi.

Tumca,zogierTi mSromeli SeiZleba aralegalur mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndes.

migranti mSromelebi sakuTari qveynidan sxva qveyanaSi Rirseuli samuSaos saZieblad

midian. isini cdiloben Tavi daaRwion siRaribes da diskriminacias, gaiumjobeson

sakuTari da ojaxis wevrebis cxovrebis pirobebi. zogierTi maTgani, dadgenili

wesebis da kvotebis farglebSi axerxebs kanonierad vizis da muSaobis nebarTvis

miRebas,magram bevri maTgani amas ver axerxebs,radganac sxvadasxva qveynis mTavrobebi

ver acnobiereben im realobas, rom maT sWirdebaT rogorc maRalkvalificrebuli,

aseve ufro dabali kvalifikaciis migranti mSromelebi.

mSromelebi ucxoeTSi kargad anazRaurebadi samuSaoebis Sesaxeb rogorc wesi

ojaxis wevrebis, megobrebis, “dasaqmebis saagentoebis” da im calkeuli pirebisagan

igeben, romlebic maT pirdebian dasaqmebas da mgzavrobasTan dakavSirebuli

sakiTxebis mogvarebas. bevr migrants arCevani mcire aqvs,da samuSaos Sovnis imediT,

isini endobian TaRliT-kontrabandistebs da trefikerebs.

mTel rig qveynebSi, mis teritoriaze upasportod an uvizod Sesvla sisxlis

samarTlis danaSauladaa miCneuli. Tumca, am kategoriis migranti mSromelebis

“danaSauli” mxolod imaSi mdgomareobs, rom cxovroben da muSaoben sxva qveyanaSi,

sadac, rogorc momxmareblebs da xSirad gadasaxadebis gadamxdelebs, sakuTari

wvlili SeaqvT maspinZeli qveynis ekonomikur ganviTarebaSi. mxolod is garemoeba,

rom maT qveyanaSi SesaRwevad gamoiyenes aramarTlzomieri meTodebi,ar xdis migrant

mSromelebs “ukanonod”. rogor SeiZleba mSromeli miCneul iqnes ukanonod.

nebismieri adamiani misi dabadebis wamidan fundamentaluri uflebis mflobelia-mas

gaaCnia pirovnebis samarTleblivi statusi. upatiosno damqiravebeli, romelic

iyenebs migranti mSromelis Sromas, saarsebo minimumze naklebs uxdis, ar

uzrunvelyofs mas jandacvis da socialuri dacviT,xSirad eqsploatacias uwevs mas-

swored aseTi adamiani arRvevs kanons. swored am tipis danaSauli unda iyos Cveni

yuradRebis centrSi.

mSromelebi ucxoeTSi kargad anazRaurebadi samuSaoebis Sesaxeb rogorc wesi

ojaxis wevrebis, megobrebis, “dasaqmebis saagentoebis” da im calkeuli pirebisagan

igeben, romlebic maT pirdebian dasaqmebas da mgzavrobasTan dakavSirebuli

sakiTxebis mogvarebas. bevr migrants arCevani mcire aqvs,da samuSaos Sovnis imediT,

isini endobian TaRliT-kontrabandistebs da trefikerebs.

mTel rig qveynebSi, mis teritoriaze upasportod an uvizod Sesvla sisxlis

samarTlis danaSauladaa miCneuli. Tumca, am kategoriis migranti mSromelebis

“danaSauli” mxolod imaSi mdgomareobs, rom cxovroben da muSaoben sxva qveyanaSi,

sadac, rogorc momxmareblebs da xSirad gadasaxadebis gadamxdelebs, sakuTari

wvlili SeaqvT maspinZeli qveynis ekonomikur ganviTarebaSi. mxolod is garemoeba,

rom maT qveyanaSi SesaRwevad gamoiyenes aramarTlzomieri meTodebi,ar xdis migrant

mSromelebs “ukanonod”. rogor SeiZleba mSromeli miCneul iqnes ukanonod.

nebismieri adamiani misi dabadebis wamidan fundamentaluri uflebis mflobelia-mas

gaaCnia pirovnebis samarTleblivi statusi. upatiosno damqiravebeli, romelic

iyenebs migranti mSromelis Sromas, saarsebo minimumze naklebs uxdis, ar

uzrunvelyofs mas jandacvis da socialuri dacviT,xSirad eqsploatacias uwevs mas-

swored aseTi adamiani arRvevs kanons. swored am tipis danaSauli unda iyos Cveni

yuradRebis centrSi.


mSromelebi, da ara kriminalebi

“ ”Somos trabajadoros no somos criminals” –Cven mSromelebi varT da ara kriminalebi

es gaxlavT lozungi, romelic araregistrirebulma migrantma mSromelebma

amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi saprotesto msvlelobisas gamoitanes 2006 wels.

isini aprotestebdnen im sakanonmdeblo proeqts, romelic iTvaliswinebda

aralegaluri migraciis kriminalizacias.

mSromelebi, da ara kriminalebi

“ ”Somos trabajadoros no somos criminals” –Cven mSromelebi varT da ara kriminalebi

es gaxlavT lozungi, romelic araregistrirebulma migrantma mSromelebma

amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi saprotesto msvlelobisas gamoitanes 2006 wels.

isini aprotestebdnen im sakanonmdeblo proeqts, romelic iTvaliswinebda

aralegaluri migraciis kriminalizacias.

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SromiTi migraciis axali tendenciebi

marTalia SromiTi migraciis maStabebi metnaklebad stabiluria,am sferoSi ikveTeba

axali tendenciebi, rac gavlenas axdens profkavSirebis saqmianobaze am sferoSi.

yovelive es Semdegnairad SeiZleba Camoyalibdes:

sul ufro da ufro izrdeba migranti mSomeli qalebis ricxvi. isini migranti

mSromelebis saerTo raodenobis daaxloebiT 50procents Seadgenen da

eqspluataciis ormagi riskis qveS arian-rogorc qalebi da rogorc migrantebi.

kerZo dasaqmebis da rekrutirebis saagentoebi. sul ufro da ufro mzardi

raodenobis migranti mSromelebis rekrutireba swored kerZo kompaniebis mier

xorcieldeba. dafiqsirebulia maT mier uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyenebis

araerTi faqti: pasportebis CamorTmeva, mSromelebis SecdomaSi Seyvana samuSaos

xasiaTTan da pirobebTan dakavSirebiT. zogierTi es saagento regularulad

utarebs samuSaos maZiebel pirebs testebs Sidsze da orsulobaze,rac saqveynod

aRiarebuli standartebis uxeSi darRvevaa.

izrdeba aralegaluri migranti mSromelebis ricxvi. arsebuli gaTvlebiT, yvela

migranti mSromelis daaxloebiT 15 procenti aralegalia. tradiciulad mimReb

qveynebSi arsebuli mkacri saemigracio politika da imis ar gacnobiereba,rom maT

damatebiT sWirdebaT muSaxeli gaxlavT am zrdis mizezi.

agreTve izrdeba adamianebiT trefikingis SemTxvevebi. borotad iyeneben ra

maspinZel qveynebSi arsebul mkacr saemigracio politikas, organizebuli

danaSaulis jgufebi TavianTi zegavlenas axdenen potenciur migrant

mSromelebze. yovelwliurad, msoflioSi adamianebis trefikingiT miRebuli

mogeba daaxloebiT 10 000 milioni amerikuli dolaria.

amasTanave, ganviTarebuli qveynebi xels uwyoben maRalkvalificiuri personalis

migracias da es niSnavs,rom,es qveynebi,(gansakuTrebiT afrika) “tvinebis gadinebis”

safrTxis winaSe dgas.

mimRebi qveynebis mTavrobebisaTvis umniSvnelovanesi prioriteti usafrTxoeba da

anti-teroristuli RonisZiebebis gatarebaa, rac kidev ufro arTulebs da

amkacrebs saemigracio politikas, vizebis da muSaobaze nebarTvis miRebas. es

sakiTxebi Sinagan saqmeTa saministros,da ara Sromis da dasaqmebis saministroebis

kompetenciaSia da yovelive es amcirebs socialuri partniorebis da socialuri

dialogis CarTulobas saemigracio politikis SemuSavebisas.

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SromiTi migraciis axali tendenciebi

marTalia SromiTi migraciis maStabebi metnaklebad stabiluria,am sferoSi ikveTeba

axali tendenciebi, rac gavlenas axdens profkavSirebis saqmianobaze am sferoSi.

yovelive es Semdegnairad SeiZleba Camoyalibdes:

sul ufro da ufro izrdeba migranti mSomeli qalebis ricxvi. isini migranti

mSromelebis saerTo raodenobis daaxloebiT 50procents Seadgenen da

eqspluataciis ormagi riskis qveS arian-rogorc qalebi da rogorc migrantebi.

kerZo dasaqmebis da rekrutirebis saagentoebi. sul ufro da ufro mzardi

raodenobis migranti mSromelebis rekrutireba swored kerZo kompaniebis mier

xorcieldeba. dafiqsirebulia maT mier uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyenebis

araerTi faqti: pasportebis CamorTmeva, mSromelebis SecdomaSi Seyvana samuSaos

xasiaTTan da pirobebTan dakavSirebiT. zogierTi es saagento regularulad

utarebs samuSaos maZiebel pirebs testebs Sidsze da orsulobaze,rac saqveynod

aRiarebuli standartebis uxeSi darRvevaa.

izrdeba aralegaluri migranti mSromelebis ricxvi. arsebuli gaTvlebiT, yvela

migranti mSromelis daaxloebiT 15 procenti aralegalia. tradiciulad mimReb

qveynebSi arsebuli mkacri saemigracio politika da imis ar gacnobiereba,rom maT

damatebiT sWirdebaT muSaxeli gaxlavT am zrdis mizezi.

agreTve izrdeba adamianebiT trefikingis SemTxvevebi. borotad iyeneben ra

maspinZel qveynebSi arsebul mkacr saemigracio politikas, organizebuli

danaSaulis jgufebi TavianTi zegavlenas axdenen potenciur migrant

mSromelebze. yovelwliurad, msoflioSi adamianebis trefikingiT miRebuli

mogeba daaxloebiT 10 000 milioni amerikuli dolaria.

amasTanave, ganviTarebuli qveynebi xels uwyoben maRalkvalificiuri personalis

migracias da es niSnavs,rom,es qveynebi,(gansakuTrebiT afrika) “tvinebis gadinebis”

safrTxis winaSe dgas.

mimRebi qveynebis mTavrobebisaTvis umniSvnelovanesi prioriteti usafrTxoeba da

anti-teroristuli RonisZiebebis gatarebaa, rac kidev ufro arTulebs da

amkacrebs saemigracio politikas, vizebis da muSaobaze nebarTvis miRebas. es

sakiTxebi Sinagan saqmeTa saministros,da ara Sromis da dasaqmebis saministroebis

kompetenciaSia da yovelive es amcirebs socialuri partniorebis da socialuri

dialogis CarTulobas saemigracio politikis SemuSavebisas.

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miTebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb

miTi 1 - “migranti mSromelebi zedmeti tvirTia”

miTi 2 -“migranti mSromelebi samuSao adgilebs gvparaven”

“migrant mSromelebs yvela qveynisTvis sargebeli moaqvT”-acxadebs Sromis

saerTaSoriso organizaciis generaluri direqtori batoni xuan samovia. faqtia,rom

migranti mSromelebis monawileobis, migranti mSromelebis saxiT axali da

axalgazrda samuSao Zali gareSe, ganviTarebuli industriuli saxelmwifoebis

umravlesoba uares dReSi iqneboda da mosaxleobis daberebis da klebis tendenciebi

kidev ufro mtkivneuli da SesamCnevi gaxdeba.

arsebuli gaTvlebiT, 1999 2000 wlebSi, gaerTianebul samefoSi dafuZnebulma

migrantma mSromelebma am qveynis biujets damatebiT 4 miliardi amerikuli dolari

(2,.2 miliardi britanuli funti) SesZines. anu, gadasaxadebis da socialuri

dazRvevis saxiT maT meti gadaixades, vidre miiRes raime saxis privilegiebi.

germaniaSi, erT saSualo migrant mSromels mTeli Tavis cxovrebis manZilze

daaxloebiT 60 000 amerikuli dolaris odenobis mogeba moaqvs biujetisTvis.

argumenti imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom migrant mSromelebs miaqvT adgilobrivi

mSromelebis samuSao adgilebi emyareba im mcdar warmodgenas,rom nebismier qveyanaSi

arsebobs raRac fiqsirebuli raodenobis samuSao adgili da Sesabamisad ucxo

adamianebis qveyanaSi Semosvlis SemTxvevaSi samuSaos povnis perspeqtivebi

adgilobrivi moqalaqeebisTvis klebulobs. realurad ki, TiTeuli adamiani hqmnis

samuSao adgils sxvebisTvis. magaliTad, maRalkvalificiuri migranti mSromeli

avsebs vakansias, romlis moTxovnebsac ver akmayofilebs adgilobrivi mSromeli da

amdenad zrdis Sromis nayofierebas, xolo dabalkvalificiuri migranti mSromeli

asrulebs im samuSaos, romelzec adgilobrivi mSromelebi uars amboben. aseTi

samuSaoebis kategorias ganekuTvneba sezonuri samuSaoebi soflis meurneobis,

mSeneblobis da turizmis sferoSi.

germaniaSi, Turqi migrantebis mier Seqmnilma biznesebma damatebiT 330 000 samuSao

adgili moitana,maT Soris germanelebisTvisac.

espaneTis magaliTi gviCvenebs,rom migranti mSromelebis ricxovnebis mkveTri zrdac

ki uaryofiTad ar aisaxeba samuSao adgilebis xelmisawvdomobaze. 2000 wels,

migrantebi espaneTis mosaxleobis 4 procents Seadgenda, xolo ukve 2005 wels 11

procents. am periodis ganmavlobaSi,qveyanaSi umuSevrobis done Semcirda da -s

Tanaxmad,“arc kvalificiuri da arc kvalifikaciis armqone migrantebis Semodinebas

qveyanaSi aranairi uaryofiTi gavlena ar mouxdenia espaneli mSromelebis dasaqmebis

perspeqtivebze. 1999-2002 wlebSi, migraciuli procesebis wyalobiT, espaneTSi

dasaqmebulobis donem 27 procentiT aiwia,xolo qalTa Soris dasaqmebulTa ricxvma

10 procentiT da saerTo samuSao Zalis 52 procenti Seadgina.

migranti mSromelebi sxvadasxva qveynebSi umniSvnelovanes rols TamaSoben mTeli

rigi industriebis mdgradobis SenarCunebis TvalsazrisiT. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,

isini ubralod ver ifunqcionirebdnen. bevr mcire sawarmos ar SeuZlia SeiZinos

uTanamedrovesi mowyobilobebi da amdenad upiratesobas aniWeben dabali

kvalifikaciis migrant mSromelebis daqiravebas. xSir SemTxvevaSi, swored migrant

mSromelebis wyalobiT samuSaos inarCuneben adgilobrivi zedamxedvelebi,

menejerebi da subkontraqtorebi.

OECD

miTebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb

miTi 1 - “migranti mSromelebi zedmeti tvirTia”

miTi 2 -“migranti mSromelebi samuSao adgilebs gvparaven”

“migrant mSromelebs yvela qveynisTvis sargebeli moaqvT”-acxadebs Sromis

saerTaSoriso organizaciis generaluri direqtori batoni xuan samovia. faqtia,rom

migranti mSromelebis monawileobis, migranti mSromelebis saxiT axali da

axalgazrda samuSao Zali gareSe, ganviTarebuli industriuli saxelmwifoebis

umravlesoba uares dReSi iqneboda da mosaxleobis daberebis da klebis tendenciebi

kidev ufro mtkivneuli da SesamCnevi gaxdeba.

arsebuli gaTvlebiT, 1999 2000 wlebSi, gaerTianebul samefoSi dafuZnebulma

migrantma mSromelebma am qveynis biujets damatebiT 4 miliardi amerikuli dolari

(2,.2 miliardi britanuli funti) SesZines. anu, gadasaxadebis da socialuri

dazRvevis saxiT maT meti gadaixades, vidre miiRes raime saxis privilegiebi.

germaniaSi, erT saSualo migrant mSromels mTeli Tavis cxovrebis manZilze

daaxloebiT 60 000 amerikuli dolaris odenobis mogeba moaqvs biujetisTvis.

argumenti imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom migrant mSromelebs miaqvT adgilobrivi

mSromelebis samuSao adgilebi emyareba im mcdar warmodgenas,rom nebismier qveyanaSi

arsebobs raRac fiqsirebuli raodenobis samuSao adgili da Sesabamisad ucxo

adamianebis qveyanaSi Semosvlis SemTxvevaSi samuSaos povnis perspeqtivebi

adgilobrivi moqalaqeebisTvis klebulobs. realurad ki, TiTeuli adamiani hqmnis

samuSao adgils sxvebisTvis. magaliTad, maRalkvalificiuri migranti mSromeli

avsebs vakansias, romlis moTxovnebsac ver akmayofilebs adgilobrivi mSromeli da

amdenad zrdis Sromis nayofierebas, xolo dabalkvalificiuri migranti mSromeli

asrulebs im samuSaos, romelzec adgilobrivi mSromelebi uars amboben. aseTi

samuSaoebis kategorias ganekuTvneba sezonuri samuSaoebi soflis meurneobis,

mSeneblobis da turizmis sferoSi.

germaniaSi, Turqi migrantebis mier Seqmnilma biznesebma damatebiT 330 000 samuSao

adgili moitana,maT Soris germanelebisTvisac.

espaneTis magaliTi gviCvenebs,rom migranti mSromelebis ricxovnebis mkveTri zrdac

ki uaryofiTad ar aisaxeba samuSao adgilebis xelmisawvdomobaze. 2000 wels,

migrantebi espaneTis mosaxleobis 4 procents Seadgenda, xolo ukve 2005 wels 11

procents. am periodis ganmavlobaSi,qveyanaSi umuSevrobis done Semcirda da -s

Tanaxmad,“arc kvalificiuri da arc kvalifikaciis armqone migrantebis Semodinebas

qveyanaSi aranairi uaryofiTi gavlena ar mouxdenia espaneli mSromelebis dasaqmebis

perspeqtivebze. 1999-2002 wlebSi, migraciuli procesebis wyalobiT, espaneTSi

dasaqmebulobis donem 27 procentiT aiwia,xolo qalTa Soris dasaqmebulTa ricxvma

10 procentiT da saerTo samuSao Zalis 52 procenti Seadgina.

migranti mSromelebi sxvadasxva qveynebSi umniSvnelovanes rols TamaSoben mTeli

rigi industriebis mdgradobis SenarCunebis TvalsazrisiT. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,

isini ubralod ver ifunqcionirebdnen. bevr mcire sawarmos ar SeuZlia SeiZinos

uTanamedrovesi mowyobilobebi da amdenad upiratesobas aniWeben dabali

kvalifikaciis migrant mSromelebis daqiravebas. xSir SemTxvevaSi, swored migrant

mSromelebis wyalobiT samuSaos inarCuneben adgilobrivi zedamxedvelebi,

menejerebi da subkontraqtorebi.

OECD


Peter Stalker, Oxford, 2001International Migration, New Internatinalist publications,Peter Stalker, Oxford, 2001International Migration, New Internatinalist publications,29

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migranti mSromelebi da umuSevroba

miTi 3 - “migranti mSromelebi iwveven saxelfaso ganakveTebis klebas”

zogadad, cnobilia rom SromiT migracias araviTari uaryofiTi gavlena ara aqvs

dasaqmebulobis maCveneblebze. unda aRiniSnos, rom migranti mSromelebi xSirad

Zalian “arasaimedod” arian dasaqmebulebi-muSaoben im seqtorebSi,romlebic samuSao

adgilebis arastabilurobiT gamoirCeva. amis Sedegad, umuSevrobis done migrant

mSromelebSi ufro maRalia, vidre adgilobriv mSromelebSi (rac kidev erTxel

adasturebs,rom migrantebs ar miaqvT adgilobrivi mSromelebis samuSao adgilebi).

miuxedavad maTi kvalifikaciisa, migranti mSromelebis winaSe Sromis bazarze

diskriminaciis safrTxe dgas. S.s.o-s mier Catarebuli kvlevebi adastureben, rom

migrant mSromelebs(ufro metic,eTnikuri umciresobebis warmomadgenel adgilobriv

moqalaqeebsac ki) naklebi Sansi aqvT gamoZaxebul iyvnen vakansiebTan dakavSirebul

gasaubrebebze, vidre adgilobriv moqalaqeebs da amis martivi mizezi gaxlavT maTi

ucxouri saxelebi da gvarebi.

am mosazrebis avtorebis argumenti mdgomareobs imaSi, rom migranti mSromelebi

Tanaxmani arian imuSaon dabal xelfasze da es iwvevs yvela mSromelis saxelfaso

ganakveTis Semcirebas.

empiriuli dakvirvebebis Sedegadad SeiZleba davaskvnaT,rom mTlianobaSi migraciis

gavlena adgilobrivi mSromelebis saxelfaso ganakveTebze Zalian umniSvneloa.

arsebuli gaTvlebiT, Sromis bazarze migranti mSromelebis xvedriTi wilis erTi

procentiT zrda adgilobrivi mSromelebis saxelfaso ganakveTs saSualod 0.1

procentiT amcirebs.

imisaTvis rom Segveqnas zusti warmodgena zemoTxsenebul sakiTxze,unda ganvixiloT

konkretuli kazusebi. magaliTad, 1980 wels, rodesac fidel kastrom ganacxada, rom

yvela kubels, visac survili hqonda SeeZlo daetovebina qveyana port marielis

gavliT, Semdgomi 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, daaxloebiT 125 000 adamianma, romelTa

umravlesoba dabalkvalificiur muSakebs warmoadgendnen da maTi ojaxis wevrebma

datoves qveyana da amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis floridis StatSi gaemgzavrnen.

“merielis nakadma” maiamiSi muSaxelis raodenoba 7procentiT gazarda,magram amas ar

gamouwvevia raime negatiuri Sedegi adgilobrivi mSromelebis saxelfaso ganakveTze.

migranti mSromelebi da umuSevroba

miTi 3 - “migranti mSromelebi iwveven saxelfaso ganakveTebis klebas”

zogadad, cnobilia rom SromiT migracias araviTari uaryofiTi gavlena ara aqvs

dasaqmebulobis maCveneblebze. unda aRiniSnos, rom migranti mSromelebi xSirad

Zalian “arasaimedod” arian dasaqmebulebi-muSaoben im seqtorebSi,romlebic samuSao

adgilebis arastabilurobiT gamoirCeva. amis Sedegad, umuSevrobis done migrant

mSromelebSi ufro maRalia, vidre adgilobriv mSromelebSi (rac kidev erTxel

adasturebs,rom migrantebs ar miaqvT adgilobrivi mSromelebis samuSao adgilebi).

miuxedavad maTi kvalifikaciisa, migranti mSromelebis winaSe Sromis bazarze

diskriminaciis safrTxe dgas. S.s.o-s mier Catarebuli kvlevebi adastureben, rom

migrant mSromelebs(ufro metic,eTnikuri umciresobebis warmomadgenel adgilobriv

moqalaqeebsac ki) naklebi Sansi aqvT gamoZaxebul iyvnen vakansiebTan dakavSirebul

gasaubrebebze, vidre adgilobriv moqalaqeebs da amis martivi mizezi gaxlavT maTi

ucxouri saxelebi da gvarebi.

am mosazrebis avtorebis argumenti mdgomareobs imaSi, rom migranti mSromelebi

Tanaxmani arian imuSaon dabal xelfasze da es iwvevs yvela mSromelis saxelfaso

ganakveTis Semcirebas.

empiriuli dakvirvebebis Sedegadad SeiZleba davaskvnaT,rom mTlianobaSi migraciis

gavlena adgilobrivi mSromelebis saxelfaso ganakveTebze Zalian umniSvneloa.

arsebuli gaTvlebiT, Sromis bazarze migranti mSromelebis xvedriTi wilis erTi

procentiT zrda adgilobrivi mSromelebis saxelfaso ganakveTs saSualod 0.1

procentiT amcirebs.

imisaTvis rom Segveqnas zusti warmodgena zemoTxsenebul sakiTxze,unda ganvixiloT

konkretuli kazusebi. magaliTad, 1980 wels, rodesac fidel kastrom ganacxada, rom

yvela kubels, visac survili hqonda SeeZlo daetovebina qveyana port marielis

gavliT, Semdgomi 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, daaxloebiT 125 000 adamianma, romelTa

umravlesoba dabalkvalificiur muSakebs warmoadgendnen da maTi ojaxis wevrebma

datoves qveyana da amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis floridis StatSi gaemgzavrnen.

“merielis nakadma” maiamiSi muSaxelis raodenoba 7procentiT gazarda,magram amas ar

gamouwvevia raime negatiuri Sedegi adgilobrivi mSromelebis saxelfaso ganakveTze.

Rainez Munz, Thomas Straubhar, Florian Vadean and Nadia Vadean, HamburgInstitute of International Economics, Hamburg, 2006, hppt://hwwi.org/Publications ISSN 1862-4944

The Cost and Benefits of European Immigration,Rainez Munz, Thomas Straubhar, Florian Vadean and Nadia Vadean, HamburgInstitute of International Economics, Hamburg, 2006, hppt://hwwi.org/Publications ISSN 1862-4944

The Cost and Benefits of European Immigration,30

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daskvna

Rirseuli samuSao adgilis Zieba da misi kanonierad Sovnis gzaze arsebuli

SezRudvebi da sirTuleebi aiZulebs bevr migrant mSromels erTi qveynidan meore

qveyanaSi gadasvlisas mimarTos ukanono meTodebs.

globalizaciis process seriozuli cvlilebebi moaqvs da globaluri samuSao

Zala Sesabamisad pasuxobs. aqedan gamomdinare, Cven SromiTi migraciis dinamikaSi

seriozuli cvlilebebis mowmeebi vxdebiT.

miuxedavad amisa, migrant mSromelebis xvedriTi wili globalur samuSao ZalasTan

mimarTebiT stabiluria.

xSir SemTxvevaSi, arsebuli stereotipebi da crurwmenebi saSualebas ar gvaZleven

siRrmiseulad gavacnobieroT SromiTi migraciis realobebi da saTanadod

davafasoT is wvlili,romelic mSromel migrantebs SeaqvT globalur ekonomikaSi.

daskvna

Rirseuli samuSao adgilis Zieba da misi kanonierad Sovnis gzaze arsebuli

SezRudvebi da sirTuleebi aiZulebs bevr migrant mSromels erTi qveynidan meore

qveyanaSi gadasvlisas mimarTos ukanono meTodebs.

globalizaciis process seriozuli cvlilebebi moaqvs da globaluri samuSao

Zala Sesabamisad pasuxobs. aqedan gamomdinare, Cven SromiTi migraciis dinamikaSi

seriozuli cvlilebebis mowmeebi vxdebiT.

miuxedavad amisa, migrant mSromelebis xvedriTi wili globalur samuSao ZalasTan

mimarTebiT stabiluria.

xSir SemTxvevaSi, arsebuli stereotipebi da crurwmenebi saSualebas ar gvaZleven

siRrmiseulad gavacnobieroT SromiTi migraciis realobebi da saTanadod

davafasoT is wvlili,romelic mSromel migrantebs SeaqvT globalur ekonomikaSi.


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Tqveni qveyana migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis Tu daniSnulebis qveyanaa, Tu

orive?

ra statistikuri wyaroebia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb?(magaliTad,daxarisxeba

sqesis mixedviT)

xels uwyobs Tu ara Tqveni qveyana migraciul procesebs, rogorc ucxouri

valutis Semosvlis da umuSevrobis donis Semcirebis faqtors?

SemuSavebulia Tu ara migranti mSromelebisTvis socialuri da ekonomikuri

politika profkavSirebis monawileobiT? ramdenad efeqturia es politika

ukiduresi siRaribis da uTanasworobis problemebis - migraciis ZiriTadi

mizezebis - aRmofxvris TvalsazrisiT?

aris Tu ara SromiTi migracia winaaRmdegobrivi sakiTxi? ramdenad borotad

iyeneben am sakiTxs eqstremistuli jgufebi da ramdenad aqtiurad ibrZvian

profkavSirebi qsenofobiis, rasizmis da migranti mSromelebis diskriminaciis

winaaRmdeg?

ratom aRmoCndnen miTebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb amdenad

sicocxlisunariani?


�

�

�

�

�

�

Tqveni qveyana migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis Tu daniSnulebis qveyanaa, Tu

orive?

ra statistikuri wyaroebia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb?(magaliTad,daxarisxeba

sqesis mixedviT)

xels uwyobs Tu ara Tqveni qveyana migraciul procesebs, rogorc ucxouri

valutis Semosvlis da umuSevrobis donis Semcirebis faqtors?

SemuSavebulia Tu ara migranti mSromelebisTvis socialuri da ekonomikuri

politika profkavSirebis monawileobiT? ramdenad efeqturia es politika

ukiduresi siRaribis da uTanasworobis problemebis - migraciis ZiriTadi

mizezebis - aRmofxvris TvalsazrisiT?

aris Tu ara SromiTi migracia winaaRmdegobrivi sakiTxi? ramdenad borotad

iyeneben am sakiTxs eqstremistuli jgufebi da ramdenad aqtiurad ibrZvian

profkavSirebi qsenofobiis, rasizmis da migranti mSromelebis diskriminaciis

winaaRmdeg?

ratom aRmoCndnen miTebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb amdenad

sicocxlisunariani?



SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: rasistebis da qsenofobebis winaaRmdeg brZola.

mizani: eqstremisti anti-migrantuli jgufebis saqmianobis Seswavla. SeimuSaveT gegma, rogor

vebrZoloT aseT jgufebs.

amocana: 1. Tqvens samuSao jgufebSi,imsjeleT Semdeg sakiTxebze:

49


�

�

borotad iyeneben Tu ara eqstremisti politikuri Zalebi migranti mSromelebis

Temas?

ra nabijebi unda gadadgan profkavSirebma im organizaciebTan mimarTebiT,

romlebic migranti mSromelebis Temas iyeneben sakuTari politikuri miznebisaTvis?

moiyvaneT warmatebuli brZolis magaliTebi am eqstremistuli jgugebis winaaRmdeg.

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SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: ukuvagdoT miTebi

mizani: moiyvaneT argumentebi miTebis winaaRmdeg

amocana: 1. es gaxlavT roluri TamaSi. zogierTi TqvenTagani gaimeorebs im miTebs,romlebic am

TavSi iyo mocemuli,SegiZliaT,Tu survili gaqvT,Tqveni argumentebic daamatoT. jgufis

danarCeni wevrebi,Seecdebian es miTebi sawinaaRmdego argumentebiT gaaqarwylon.

50


51

m e - 4 T a v i

migranti mSromelebi da

globaluri ekonomika


am TavSi ganxilulia mSromeli migrantebis wvlili saerTo

globalur ekonomikaSi.

migranti mSromelebis gareSe, SeuZlebeli iqneboda

momsaxurebis da mrewvelobis bevri sferos ganviTareba da

arsebobac ki. ganviTarebul qveynebSi, sadac SeimCneva

mosaxleobis kleba, swored migranti mSromelebi avseben

arsebul demografiul vakuums.

migranti mSromelebi fuladi gadaricxvebis saxiT

mniSvnelovan Tanxebs agzavnian sakuTar qveynebSi da es Tanxa

aRemateba oficialur saerTaSoriso daxmarebas, romelic

ganviTarebad qveynebs ewevaT.

Tumca,SromiT migracias gaaCnia agreTve uaryofiTi mxareebi.

kerZod, rodesac maRalkvalificirebuli mSromelebi

toveben sakuTar qveynebs, am SemTxvevaSi am qveynebSi

umniSvnelovanes sajaro seqtorSi (mag. jandacva da

ganaTleba) warmoiqmneba kvalificiuri personalis

nakleboba.


am TavSi ganxilulia mSromeli migrantebis wvlili saerTo

globalur ekonomikaSi.

migranti mSromelebis gareSe, SeuZlebeli iqneboda

momsaxurebis da mrewvelobis bevri sferos ganviTareba da

arsebobac ki. ganviTarebul qveynebSi, sadac SeimCneva

mosaxleobis kleba, swored migranti mSromelebi avseben

arsebul demografiul vakuums.

migranti mSromelebi fuladi gadaricxvebis saxiT

mniSvnelovan Tanxebs agzavnian sakuTar qveynebSi da es Tanxa

aRemateba oficialur saerTaSoriso daxmarebas, romelic

ganviTarebad qveynebs ewevaT.

Tumca,SromiT migracias gaaCnia agreTve uaryofiTi mxareebi.

kerZod, rodesac maRalkvalificirebuli mSromelebi

toveben sakuTar qveynebs, am SemTxvevaSi am qveynebSi

umniSvnelovanes sajaro seqtorSi (mag. jandacva da

ganaTleba) warmoiqmneba kvalificiuri personalis

nakleboba.

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52

SromiTi migraciis sikeTeebi

migrant mSromelebs Zalian mniSvnelovani ekonomikuri da socialuri wvlili SeaqvT

rogorc daniSnulebis,aseve maTi warmomavlobis qveynebis ekonomikuri ganviTarebis

saqmeSi. migranti mSromelebi Semosavlis udides nawils maspinZel qveynebSi

xarjaven: isini momxmareblebi arian, im SemTxvevaSi Tu maT eZlevaT ufleba

legalurad imuSaon maspinZel qveyanaSi, isini ixdian saSemosavlo da socialuri

dazRvevis gadasaxadebs.

saSualod, migrantebi sakuTari Semosavlis 13 procents agzavnian sakuTar qveynebSi,

xolo 87 procents xarjaven maspinZel qveyanaSi. migracia ar qmnis samuSao adgilebs.

migrantebi amasTanave momxmareblebi arian. migrantebis gareSe bevri qveyana bevrad

ufro Raribi iqneboda.

bevri kategoriis samuSao ubralod ver Sesruldeboda migranti mSromelebis gareSe.

maTi wyalobiT muSaobs sazogadoebrivi transporti,jandacvis sfero,da maT gareSe

bevri ferma, plantacia, maRaro da qarxana ver awarmoebda im produqcias, romelsac

isini yidian. 1991 wels, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis mTavrobis gaTvlebiT,

marcvleulis warmoebis sferoSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebis 73 procenti dabadebuli

iyo a.S.S-s farglebs gareT. niu-iorkis StatSi, migranti mSromelebis mier

gamomuSavebuli Tanxa 229 miliard amerikul dolars Seadgens,rac am Statis saerTo

ekonomikuri Semosavlis 22.4 procents Seadgens.

migranti mSromelebi agreTve aumjobeseben maspinZeli qveynis moqalaqeebis yofas.

magaliTad, adgilobrivi mSromelebis yofas maTi saxlebis da Svilebis movliT da

aumjobeseben sxva kategoriis mSromelebis dasaqmebis perspeqtivebs da aumjobesebs

maTi cxovrebis standartebs.

31

32

SromiTi migraciis sikeTeebi

migrant mSromelebs Zalian mniSvnelovani ekonomikuri da socialuri wvlili SeaqvT

rogorc daniSnulebis,aseve maTi warmomavlobis qveynebis ekonomikuri ganviTarebis

saqmeSi. migranti mSromelebi Semosavlis udides nawils maspinZel qveynebSi

xarjaven: isini momxmareblebi arian, im SemTxvevaSi Tu maT eZlevaT ufleba

legalurad imuSaon maspinZel qveyanaSi, isini ixdian saSemosavlo da socialuri

dazRvevis gadasaxadebs.

saSualod, migrantebi sakuTari Semosavlis 13 procents agzavnian sakuTar qveynebSi,

xolo 87 procents xarjaven maspinZel qveyanaSi. migracia ar qmnis samuSao adgilebs.

migrantebi amasTanave momxmareblebi arian. migrantebis gareSe bevri qveyana bevrad

ufro Raribi iqneboda.

bevri kategoriis samuSao ubralod ver Sesruldeboda migranti mSromelebis gareSe.

maTi wyalobiT muSaobs sazogadoebrivi transporti,jandacvis sfero,da maT gareSe

bevri ferma, plantacia, maRaro da qarxana ver awarmoebda im produqcias, romelsac

isini yidian. 1991 wels, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis mTavrobis gaTvlebiT,

marcvleulis warmoebis sferoSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebis 73 procenti dabadebuli

iyo a.S.S-s farglebs gareT. niu-iorkis StatSi, migranti mSromelebis mier

gamomuSavebuli Tanxa 229 miliard amerikul dolars Seadgens,rac am Statis saerTo

ekonomikuri Semosavlis 22.4 procents Seadgens.

migranti mSromelebi agreTve aumjobeseben maspinZeli qveynis moqalaqeebis yofas.

magaliTad, adgilobrivi mSromelebis yofas maTi saxlebis da Svilebis movliT da

aumjobeseben sxva kategoriis mSromelebis dasaqmebis perspeqtivebs da aumjobesebs

maTi cxovrebis standartebs.

31

32

mosaxleobis kleba: vakuumis Sevsebamosaxleobis kleba: vakuumis Sevseba

ganviTarebuli qveynebis umravlesobaSi

saxezea mosaxleobis raodenobis kleba.

dReidan 2050 wlamde evropis kavSiris qveynebis

mosaxleoba daaxloebiT 20 milioniT

Semcirdeba da S.s.o-s gaTvlebiT es gamoiwvevs

evropaSi 20 procentiT mosaxleobis cxovrebis

donis gauaresebas. Tu mosaxleobis klebis

arsebuli tendenciebi SenarCundeba, 2000-2050

wlebis periodSi italiis mosaxleoba 28

procentiT, xolo espaneTis mosaxleoba 24

procentiT Semcirdeba. igive periodis

ganmavlobaSi, estoneTis da latviis - evropis

kavSiris axali wevrebis- mosaxleoba

Semcirdeba Sesabamisad 34 da 31 procentiT. 2050

wlisTvis iaponiis mosaxleoba Semcirdeba 27

milioniT (127 milionidan 100 milionamde) da

2100 wlisTvis SeiZleba 64 milionamde

Semcirdes. mosaxleobis klebis arsebul

tendenciebs mZime Sedegebi mohyveba. rogor

moxdeba mosaxleobisaTvis bazisuri momsa-

xurebis miwodebis SenarCuneba? bevri

analitikosis azriT, am qveynebSi ekonomikuri

ganviTarebis da cxovrebis donis mdgrado-

bisaTvis aucilebelia migranti mSromelebis

arseboba.

ganviTarebuli qveynebis umravlesobaSi

saxezea mosaxleobis raodenobis kleba.

dReidan 2050 wlamde evropis kavSiris qveynebis

mosaxleoba daaxloebiT 20 milioniT

Semcirdeba da S.s.o-s gaTvlebiT es gamoiwvevs

evropaSi 20 procentiT mosaxleobis cxovrebis

donis gauaresebas. Tu mosaxleobis klebis

arsebuli tendenciebi SenarCundeba, 2000-2050

wlebis periodSi italiis mosaxleoba 28

procentiT, xolo espaneTis mosaxleoba 24

procentiT Semcirdeba. igive periodis

ganmavlobaSi, estoneTis da latviis - evropis

kavSiris axali wevrebis- mosaxleoba

Semcirdeba Sesabamisad 34 da 31 procentiT. 2050

wlisTvis iaponiis mosaxleoba Semcirdeba 27

milioniT (127 milionidan 100 milionamde) da

2100 wlisTvis SeiZleba 64 milionamde

Semcirdes. mosaxleobis klebis arsebul

tendenciebs mZime Sedegebi mohyveba. rogor

moxdeba mosaxleobisaTvis bazisuri momsa-

xurebis miwodebis SenarCuneba? bevri

analitikosis azriT, am qveynebSi ekonomikuri

ganviTarebis da cxovrebis donis mdgrado-

bisaTvis aucilebelia migranti mSromelebis

arseboba.


Peter Stalker,

http://www.fiscalpolicy.org/publications2007/FPI_WorkingforaBetterLife.pdf.

The work of strangers: a survey of international Labour migration,

Working for a Better Life: A Profile of Immigrants in the New York State Economy.

gv.31

fiskaluri politikis instituti, niu-

iorki, 2007,

Peter Stalker,

http://www.fiscalpolicy.org/publications2007/FPI_WorkingforaBetterLife.pdf.

The work of strangers: a survey of international Labour migration,

Working for a Better Life: A Profile of Immigrants in the New York State Economy.

gv.31

fiskaluri politikis instituti, niu-

iorki, 2007,

31

32

53

arsebuli mosaxleobis raodenobis SesanarCuneblad, evropis kavSiris didi

oTxeulis qveynebSi-safrangeTSi, germaniaSi, italiasa da gaerTianebul samefoSi

migraciis done gasammagdeba da 237 000-dan 700 000-mde gaizrdeba.

arsebuli mosaxleobis raodenobis SesanarCuneblad, evropis kavSiris didi

oTxeulis qveynebSi-safrangeTSi, germaniaSi, italiasa da gaerTianebul samefoSi

migraciis done gasammagdeba da 237 000-dan 700 000-mde gaizrdeba.

sapensio krizisi mdidar qveynebSi

Semdgomi ramodenime aTwleulis ganmavlobaSi, mTel rig mdidar qveynebSi

pensionerebis ricxvi gaormagdeba.

gaero-s gaTvlebiT, evropis kavSiris ( qveyanaSi, 2050 wlisTvis 65 welze meti

asakis adamianebis ricxvi saerTo mosaxleobasTan mimarTebiT 30.3 procenti iqneba. es

maCvenebeli 2000 wels 16.4 procenti iyo. iaponiaSi igive maCvenebeli 17 -dan 32

procentamde gaizrdeba.

amJamad, yovel evropel pensioners inaxavs 4-5 mSromeli, magram 2050 wlisTvis es

maCvenebeli 2-mde dava.

politikosebi cdiloben gaumklavdnen am problemas. vin gadaixdis pensiebs da

vin daexmareba pensiaze gasul adamianebs? vin amoavsebs arsebul vakuums? bevrs

miaCnia, rom mniSvnelovanwilad swored mSromelma migrantebma unda Seavson

arsebuli vakuumi.

EU) 15

sapensio krizisi mdidar qveynebSi

Semdgomi ramodenime aTwleulis ganmavlobaSi, mTel rig mdidar qveynebSi

pensionerebis ricxvi gaormagdeba.

gaero-s gaTvlebiT, evropis kavSiris ( qveyanaSi, 2050 wlisTvis 65 welze meti

asakis adamianebis ricxvi saerTo mosaxleobasTan mimarTebiT 30.3 procenti iqneba. es

maCvenebeli 2000 wels 16.4 procenti iyo. iaponiaSi igive maCvenebeli 17 -dan 32

procentamde gaizrdeba.

amJamad, yovel evropel pensioners inaxavs 4-5 mSromeli, magram 2050 wlisTvis es

maCvenebeli 2-mde dava.

politikosebi cdiloben gaumklavdnen am problemas. vin gadaixdis pensiebs da

vin daexmareba pensiaze gasul adamianebs? vin amoavsebs arsebul vakuums? bevrs

miaCnia, rom mniSvnelovanwilad swored mSromelma migrantebma unda Seavson

arsebuli vakuumi.

EU) 15


ruseTis federacia

a.S.S-s da germaniis Semdeg yvelaze didi raodenobis migranti ruseTis

federaciaSi miemgzavreba. amJamad, ruseTSi daaxloebiT 3-4 milioni migranti

mSromelia,romelTa umravlesoba damoukidebeli saxelmwifoTa Tanamegobrobis

(dsT_s) qveynebidan arian.

isini sWirdeba ruseTis federacias, sadac dabali Sobadobis da maRali

sikvdilianobis gamo, qveynis mosaxleoba yovelwliurad 0.5 procentiT

klebulobs da am maCvenebliT mas msoflioSi pirveli adgili ukavia.

marto 2004 wels, ruseTSi 750 000 ucxoelze muSaobis nebarTva gaica. qveynis

federaluri saemigracio samsaxuris gaTvlebiT, ruseTSi yovelgvari

registraciis gareSe daaxloebiT 10-14 milioni adamiani cxovrobs.

arsebuli statistikiT, ruseTSi momuSave migrantebis naxevarze mets-romlebic

ZiriTadad centraluri aziidan, kavkasiidan, yirgizeTidan, moldovadan,

tajikeTidan da ukrainidan arian - ar gaaCniT registracia. xSir SemTxvevaSi,maT

uwevT saSinel pirobebSi cxovreba da muSaoba da samarTaldamcavi

organoebidan yovelgvar dacvas moklebulni arian. miuxedavad amisa, maT uwevT

gadasaxadebis gadaxda. qveyanaSi muSaobis da cxovrebis nebarTvis miRebis

procedurebi uaRresad garTulebulia da isini korumpirebuli Cinovnikebis

nebaze arian damokidebulni.

ruseTis mTavroba ganixilavda am sferoSi Zireuli cvlilebebis, maT Soris

registraciis gareSe qveyanaSi myofi migranti mSromelebis amnisticias da

maTTvis statusis miniWebas.

(The Economist, 18 Feb.2005)

ruseTis federacia

a.S.S-s da germaniis Semdeg yvelaze didi raodenobis migranti ruseTis

federaciaSi miemgzavreba. amJamad, ruseTSi daaxloebiT 3-4 milioni migranti

mSromelia,romelTa umravlesoba damoukidebeli saxelmwifoTa Tanamegobrobis

(dsT_s) qveynebidan arian.

isini sWirdeba ruseTis federacias, sadac dabali Sobadobis da maRali

sikvdilianobis gamo, qveynis mosaxleoba yovelwliurad 0.5 procentiT

klebulobs da am maCvenebliT mas msoflioSi pirveli adgili ukavia.

marto 2004 wels, ruseTSi 750 000 ucxoelze muSaobis nebarTva gaica. qveynis

federaluri saemigracio samsaxuris gaTvlebiT, ruseTSi yovelgvari

registraciis gareSe daaxloebiT 10-14 milioni adamiani cxovrobs.

arsebuli statistikiT, ruseTSi momuSave migrantebis naxevarze mets-romlebic

ZiriTadad centraluri aziidan, kavkasiidan, yirgizeTidan, moldovadan,

tajikeTidan da ukrainidan arian - ar gaaCniT registracia. xSir SemTxvevaSi,maT

uwevT saSinel pirobebSi cxovreba da muSaoba da samarTaldamcavi

organoebidan yovelgvar dacvas moklebulni arian. miuxedavad amisa, maT uwevT

gadasaxadebis gadaxda. qveyanaSi muSaobis da cxovrebis nebarTvis miRebis

procedurebi uaRresad garTulebulia da isini korumpirebuli Cinovnikebis

nebaze arian damokidebulni.

ruseTis mTavroba ganixilavda am sferoSi Zireuli cvlilebebis, maT Soris

registraciis gareSe qveyanaSi myofi migranti mSromelebis amnisticias da

maTTvis statusis miniWebas.

(The Economist, 18 Feb.2005)

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evropis kavSiris gafarToeba da ekonomikuri migraciis politika

2004 wels evropis kavSirSi ( ) axali qveynebi gawevriandnen. evropis kavSiri

wevri saxelmwifoebis farglebs SigniT Tavisufali gadaadgilebis principzea

dafuZnebuli, magram miuxedavad amisa, bevri politikosi SiSobda, rom axlad

gawevrianebuli saxelmwifoebidan mSromelTa nakadi walekavda evropis

kavSiris “Zveli” saxelmwifoebis Sromis bazars. evropis kavSiris 15

damfuZnebelma saxelmwifom, maT Soris safrangeTma, germaniam da italiam

moiTxova “axali” wevri saxelmwifoebidan ekonomikur migraciaze mkacri

SezRudvebis daweseba.

adamianebis Tavisufali gadaadgileba evropis Tanamegobrobis kanonis

(evrokavSiris xelSekrulebis 39-e muxli) erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi

fundamenturi uflebaa da evropuli moqalaqeobis koncefciis

ummniSvnelovanesi elementi. kanoni Tavisufali gadaadgilebis Sesaxeb agreTve

vrceldeba evropuli ekonomikiri zonis sxva wevr saxelmwifoebze (mag.

islandia, lixtenSteini da norvegia). am ekonomikuri zonis farglebSi xdeba

socialuri dacvis politikis koordinacia da diplomebis urTierTcnobis

politikis ganxorcieleba.

evropis kavSirSi gawevrianebis xelSekruleba gulisxmobs “gardamavali

RonisZiebebis” gatarebas. evropis kavSirSi kargad cnobili sqema “2+3+2 wliani

sqema” avaldebulebs wevr saxelmwifoebs ganacxadon 2006 wlis maisSi,da kvlav

2009 wlis maisSi mzad arian Tu ara isini gaxsnan sakuTari Sromis bazrebi

evropis kaavSiris wevri axali 8 saxelmwifosTvis (CexeTi, estoneTi, ungreTi,

latvia, litva, poloneTi, slovakia da slovenia) Tu SeinarCuneben arsebul

SezRudvebs. nebismier SemTxvevaSi es SezRudvebi moixsneba 2011 wlis 30 aprils.

msgavsi sqema “2+3+2” arsebobs bulgareTTan da rumineTTan mimarTebiT,romlebic

evropis kavSirSi 2007 wlis 1 ianvars gawevriandnen.

zogadad, evropis 8 axali wevri saxelmwifodan evropis 15 “Zvel” saxelmwifoSi

adamianebis gadaadgilebis politika 4 ZiriTad kategoriad iyofa:

arsebuli SezRudvebis SenarCuneba minimum 2009 wlamde: avstria da germania

2009 wlamde TandaTanobiT SezRudvebis moxsna: belgia, dania, safrangeTi,

luqsemburgi da niderlandebi.

SromiTi bazris Riad datoveba/SezRudvebis moxsna: fineTi, saberZneTi,

irlandia, italia, portugalia, espaneTi, SvedeTi da gaerTianebuli samefo.

rac Seexeba evropis kavSiris 2007 wlis 1 ianvaris gafarToebas,romlis ZaliTac

bulgareTi da rumineTi gawevriandnen evropis kavSirSi, evropis kavSiris wevri

saxelmwifoebis umravlesoba ar gamoTqvams mzadyofnas sakuTari SromiTis

bazari gauxsnas am qveynebs. evropis kavSiris yvela 15 saxelmwifom, fineTis da

SvedeTis gamoklebiT, gadawyvites SezRudon bulgarelebis da ruminelebis

Sesvla maT SromiT bazarze. italia ganixilavs maT daSvebas Sromis bazarze

mxolod mas Semdeg, rac xeli moewereba organizebuli danaSaulis winaaRmdeg

brZolis evropul xelSekrulebas,xolo safrangeTma ganacxada,rom mSromelebi

am ori qveynidan mis bazarze daiSvebian calkeul seqtorebSi SezRudvebis

moxsnis Semdeg. evropis kavSiris yvela axalma 10 wevrma saxelmwifom-

-10, (maltis gamoklebiT, romelic zRudavs qveyanaSi SromiT migracias da

ungreTi,romelic garkveul winapirobebs ayenebs) miiRo gadawyvetileba gaxsnas

sakuTari SromiTi bazari.

mTavrobis gaTvlebiT, gaerTianebul samefoSi evropis kavSiris axali wevri

saxelmwifoebidan Semosulma mSromelebma britaneTis ekonomikas 350 milioni

amerikuli dolari SesZina. SiSebi imis Sesaxeb, rom maTi Semosvla Sromis

bazarze uaryofiTad aisaxeboda britaneTis ekonomikaze, usafuZvlo aRmoCnda.

evropis kavSiris axali wevri saxelmwifoebidan gaerTianebul samefoSi

Camosuli mSromelebis 95 procenti srul samuSao ganakveTze muSaobs da maTi

mxolod umniSvnelo nawili Rebulobs saxelmwifo daxmarebas.

“zogadi konsensusi arsebobs imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom SromiTma migraciam

dadebiTi Sedegebi moitana”, ganacxada oqsfordis universitetis migraciis,

politikis da sazogadoebis centris warmomadgenelma b-nma martin rusTma,

romelmac Seiswavla SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebi irlandiaSi.

“SromiTi migracia gvexmareba aRmoifxvras Sromis bazarze arsebuli muSaxelis

deficiti da mas ar gamouwvevia umuSevrobis donis gazrda.”

EU

�

�

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evropis kavSiris gafarToeba da ekonomikuri migraciis politika

2004 wels evropis kavSirSi ( ) axali qveynebi gawevriandnen. evropis kavSiri

wevri saxelmwifoebis farglebs SigniT Tavisufali gadaadgilebis principzea

dafuZnebuli, magram miuxedavad amisa, bevri politikosi SiSobda, rom axlad

gawevrianebuli saxelmwifoebidan mSromelTa nakadi walekavda evropis

kavSiris “Zveli” saxelmwifoebis Sromis bazars. evropis kavSiris 15

damfuZnebelma saxelmwifom, maT Soris safrangeTma, germaniam da italiam

moiTxova “axali” wevri saxelmwifoebidan ekonomikur migraciaze mkacri

SezRudvebis daweseba.

adamianebis Tavisufali gadaadgileba evropis Tanamegobrobis kanonis

(evrokavSiris xelSekrulebis 39-e muxli) erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi

fundamenturi uflebaa da evropuli moqalaqeobis koncefciis

ummniSvnelovanesi elementi. kanoni Tavisufali gadaadgilebis Sesaxeb agreTve

vrceldeba evropuli ekonomikiri zonis sxva wevr saxelmwifoebze (mag.

islandia, lixtenSteini da norvegia). am ekonomikuri zonis farglebSi xdeba

socialuri dacvis politikis koordinacia da diplomebis urTierTcnobis

politikis ganxorcieleba.

evropis kavSirSi gawevrianebis xelSekruleba gulisxmobs “gardamavali

RonisZiebebis” gatarebas. evropis kavSirSi kargad cnobili sqema “2+3+2 wliani

sqema” avaldebulebs wevr saxelmwifoebs ganacxadon 2006 wlis maisSi,da kvlav

2009 wlis maisSi mzad arian Tu ara isini gaxsnan sakuTari Sromis bazrebi

evropis kaavSiris wevri axali 8 saxelmwifosTvis (CexeTi, estoneTi, ungreTi,

latvia, litva, poloneTi, slovakia da slovenia) Tu SeinarCuneben arsebul

SezRudvebs. nebismier SemTxvevaSi es SezRudvebi moixsneba 2011 wlis 30 aprils.

msgavsi sqema “2+3+2” arsebobs bulgareTTan da rumineTTan mimarTebiT,romlebic

evropis kavSirSi 2007 wlis 1 ianvars gawevriandnen.

zogadad, evropis 8 axali wevri saxelmwifodan evropis 15 “Zvel” saxelmwifoSi

adamianebis gadaadgilebis politika 4 ZiriTad kategoriad iyofa:

arsebuli SezRudvebis SenarCuneba minimum 2009 wlamde: avstria da germania

2009 wlamde TandaTanobiT SezRudvebis moxsna: belgia, dania, safrangeTi,

luqsemburgi da niderlandebi.

SromiTi bazris Riad datoveba/SezRudvebis moxsna: fineTi, saberZneTi,

irlandia, italia, portugalia, espaneTi, SvedeTi da gaerTianebuli samefo.

rac Seexeba evropis kavSiris 2007 wlis 1 ianvaris gafarToebas,romlis ZaliTac

bulgareTi da rumineTi gawevriandnen evropis kavSirSi, evropis kavSiris wevri

saxelmwifoebis umravlesoba ar gamoTqvams mzadyofnas sakuTari SromiTis

bazari gauxsnas am qveynebs. evropis kavSiris yvela 15 saxelmwifom, fineTis da

SvedeTis gamoklebiT, gadawyvites SezRudon bulgarelebis da ruminelebis

Sesvla maT SromiT bazarze. italia ganixilavs maT daSvebas Sromis bazarze

mxolod mas Semdeg, rac xeli moewereba organizebuli danaSaulis winaaRmdeg

brZolis evropul xelSekrulebas,xolo safrangeTma ganacxada,rom mSromelebi

am ori qveynidan mis bazarze daiSvebian calkeul seqtorebSi SezRudvebis

moxsnis Semdeg. evropis kavSiris yvela axalma 10 wevrma saxelmwifom-

-10, (maltis gamoklebiT, romelic zRudavs qveyanaSi SromiT migracias da

ungreTi,romelic garkveul winapirobebs ayenebs) miiRo gadawyvetileba gaxsnas

sakuTari SromiTi bazari.

mTavrobis gaTvlebiT, gaerTianebul samefoSi evropis kavSiris axali wevri

saxelmwifoebidan Semosulma mSromelebma britaneTis ekonomikas 350 milioni

amerikuli dolari SesZina. SiSebi imis Sesaxeb, rom maTi Semosvla Sromis

bazarze uaryofiTad aisaxeboda britaneTis ekonomikaze, usafuZvlo aRmoCnda.

evropis kavSiris axali wevri saxelmwifoebidan gaerTianebul samefoSi

Camosuli mSromelebis 95 procenti srul samuSao ganakveTze muSaobs da maTi

mxolod umniSvnelo nawili Rebulobs saxelmwifo daxmarebas.

“zogadi konsensusi arsebobs imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom SromiTma migraciam

dadebiTi Sedegebi moitana”, ganacxada oqsfordis universitetis migraciis,

politikis da sazogadoebis centris warmomadgenelma b-nma martin rusTma,

romelmac Seiswavla SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebi irlandiaSi.

“SromiTi migracia gvexmareba aRmoifxvras Sromis bazarze arsebuli muSaxelis

deficiti da mas ar gamouwvevia umuSevrobis donis gazrda.”

EU

55

fuladi gadaricxvebi

migranti mSromelebis mier samSobloSi ganxorcielebuli fuladi gadaricxvebi

mniSvnelovan pozitiur rols TamaSobs migrantebis “warmoSobis” qveynebis

ekonomikaSi. 2007 wlis oqtomberSi gaero-s mier Catarebuli kvlevis Tanaxmad,

migrantma mSromelebma,romlebic ganviTarebul qveynebSi muSaoben,2006 wels saerTo

jamSi 300 miliard amerikul dolarze meti gaagzavnes sakuTar ojaxebSi- es

maCvenebeli mSniSvnelovnad aRemateba Tanxas, 104 miliard dolars, romeliTac

donori saxelmwifoebi daexmarnen ganviTarebad qveynebs. es oficialur wyaroebze

dayrdnobiT moyvanili statistikaa: Tu gaviTvaliswinebT fulis gadagzavnis

araformalur arxebs,maCvenebeli ufro maRali iqneba.33

fuladi gadaricxvebi

migranti mSromelebis mier samSobloSi ganxorcielebuli fuladi gadaricxvebi

mniSvnelovan pozitiur rols TamaSobs migrantebis “warmoSobis” qveynebis

ekonomikaSi. 2007 wlis oqtomberSi gaero-s mier Catarebuli kvlevis Tanaxmad,

migrantma mSromelebma,romlebic ganviTarebul qveynebSi muSaoben,2006 wels saerTo

jamSi 300 miliard amerikul dolarze meti gaagzavnes sakuTar ojaxebSi- es

maCvenebeli mSniSvnelovnad aRemateba Tanxas, 104 miliard dolars, romeliTac

donori saxelmwifoebi daexmarnen ganviTarebad qveynebs. es oficialur wyaroebze

dayrdnobiT moyvanili statistikaa: Tu gaviTvaliswinebT fulis gadagzavnis

araformalur arxebs,maCvenebeli ufro maRali iqneba.33


Sending money home:Worldwide remittances to developing countries, gaero-s soflis meurneobis ganviTarebis

saerTaSoriso fondi ( niu-iorkiIFAD), http://www.ifad.org, 2007,Sending money home:Worldwide remittances to developing countries, gaero-s soflis meurneobis ganviTarebis

saerTaSoriso fondi ( niu-iorkiIFAD), http://www.ifad.org, 2007,

33

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Migration and Remittances, World Bank htpp://go.worldbank.org/QGUCPJTOR0Migration and Remittances, World Bank htpp://go.worldbank.org/QGUCPJTOR034

a.S.S dolari

(miliardebSi)

cxrili 3 im ganviTarebadi qveynebis CamonaTvali, sadac migranti mSromelebis

mier yvelaze didi raodenobiT fuladi gadaricxvebi xdeba, 2003 da 2007 wlebi

(a.S.S-s dolari, miliardebSi)

indoeTi

CineTi

meqsika

poloneTi

vietnami

kolumbia

brazilia

gvatemala

el salvadori

nigeria

domenikis respublika

pakistani

ekvadori

wyaro: msoflio banki34

moroko

egvi pte

indonezia

fili pinebi

bangladeSi

2003

17.4 27.0 9.6

21.1

10.4

9.1

3.2

2.1

25.7

25.0

17.0

6.4

6.1

6.0

5.9

5.7

5.0 2.7

5.0 2.3

4.6 1.5

4.5 1.7

4.1

3.6

3.3

3.2

3.2

4.6

14.6

7.9

3.2

4.0

2.3

2.7

3.1

2.8

gansxvaveba2007

57

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2007 wels mSromeli migrantebis mier saxlebSi gadagzavnili Tanxis saxiT

morokom 5.7 miliardi dolari miiRo,rac mTliani Sida produqciis (e.w. -s) 10

procents Seadgens.

2007 wels,filipineli mSromeli migrantebis mier saxlebSi gadagzavnilma Tanxam

filipinebis mTliani Sida produqciis 13 procenti Seadgina.


bangladeSma 6.4 miliardi dolari miiRo, rac mTliani Sida produqciis

daaxloebiT 9 procents Seadgens.

2007 wels, migranti mSromelebis mier nepalSi gamogzavnilma Tanxam gadaaWarba

ucxouri daxmarebis da turizmis Sedegad Semosuli Tanxis erTobliobas da

Seadgina mTliani Sida produqciis 18 procenti.

2007 wels, tajiki mSromeli migrantebis mier saxlebSi gadagzavnilma Tanxam

tajikeTis mTliani Sida produqciis 36 procenti Seadgina.

zogierTi qveynis mTavrobasa da ganviTarebis saerTaSoriso organizaciaSi

mimdinareobs msjeloba imis Taobaze, Tu rogor SeiZleba iqnes gamoyenebuli

migrantebis mier sakuTar qveynebSi gadaricxuli Tanxebi rogorc ganviTarebadi

qveynebisadmi daxmarebis damatebiTi finansuri wyaro. bunebrivia,es Tanxebi kerZo

pirebs ekuTvniT da mZime SromiTa da ofliTaa mopovebuli da mxolod maT aaqvT

ufleba gadawyviton,Tu rogor da raze iqneba es Tanxa daxarjuli.

mSromeli migrantebisTvis fulis gadagzavnasTan dakavSirebuli xarjebi sakmaod

didia, gansakuTrebiT rodesac saqme exeba mcire raodenobis Tanxebis gadagzavnas.

amdenad, mTavrobebma ufro unda gaamartivon da gaaiafon es momsaxureba migranti

mSromelebisTvis.

saerTaSoriso qselurma profkavSirebma ( ), globaluri profkavSirebis

konfederaciis erT erTma wevrma, es sakiTxi wamoWra safosto momsaxurebis sferos

profkavSirebis winaSe, radgan migranti mSromelebis mier sakuTar qveynebSi Tanxis

gagzavna iafad da martivad unda xdebodes.

Tu migranti mSromelebi sakuTar samSobloSi dabrundebian,maT SeuZliaT dazogili

Tanxa momgebian da sasargeblo servisebSi da biznesSi Cadon da am mizniT gamoiyenon

miRebuli codna da SeZenili unar-Cvevebi. rTulia zusti statistikis moZieba,magram

mTel rig qveynebSi, rogorebicaa CineTi, koreis respublika da taivani, mzardma

ekonomikam da liberalurma politikam “tvinebis gadineba tvinebis Semodinebad

aqcia”.

uwyoben xels migranti mSromelebi maspinZeli qveynebis ekonomikur ganviTarebas?

xSir SemTxvevaSi,migranti mSromelebis,maT Soris maTi vinc qveyanaSi aralegalurad

imyofeba, roli maspinZeli qveynebis ekonomikis ganviTarebaSi dakninebuli an

saerTod uaryofilia. miuxedavad amisa, cnobili faqtia, rom saSualod migranti

mSromeli Semosavlis mxolod daaxloebiT 13 procents agzavnis saxlSi,danarCeni 87

procenti maspinZel qveyanaSi ixarjeba. msoflios maStabiT, migrant mSromelebs

sakuTar qveynebSi gadaricxes 1.6 trilion (1 600 miliardi) amerikul dolarze meti.

evropaSi usafrTxoebis da TanamSromlobis organizaciis(euTo), migraciis

saerTaSoriso organizaciis (mso) da S.s.o-s erToblivi gancxadebis Tanaxmad

“uamravi kvleva adasturebs im faqts, rom migranti mSromelebi asruleben im

samuSaos,romelzec uars amboben adgilobrivi moqalaqeebi da migranti mSromelebis

yofna, maTi saqmianoba da iniciativebi xels uwyobs axali samuSao adgilebis

gaCenas”.

GDP

UNI

investiciebis da unarCvevebis gadacema

uwyoben xels migranti mSromelebi mdidari qveynebis

ekonomikur winsvlas?

35

36

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morokom 5.7 miliardi dolari miiRo,rac mTliani Sida produqciis (e.w. -s) 10

procents Seadgens.

2007 wels,filipineli mSromeli migrantebis mier saxlebSi gadagzavnilma Tanxam

filipinebis mTliani Sida produqciis 13 procenti Seadgina.


bangladeSma 6.4 miliardi dolari miiRo, rac mTliani Sida produqciis

daaxloebiT 9 procents Seadgens.

2007 wels, migranti mSromelebis mier nepalSi gamogzavnilma Tanxam gadaaWarba

ucxouri daxmarebis da turizmis Sedegad Semosuli Tanxis erTobliobas da

Seadgina mTliani Sida produqciis 18 procenti.

2007 wels, tajiki mSromeli migrantebis mier saxlebSi gadagzavnilma Tanxam

tajikeTis mTliani Sida produqciis 36 procenti Seadgina.

zogierTi qveynis mTavrobasa da ganviTarebis saerTaSoriso organizaciaSi

mimdinareobs msjeloba imis Taobaze, Tu rogor SeiZleba iqnes gamoyenebuli

migrantebis mier sakuTar qveynebSi gadaricxuli Tanxebi rogorc ganviTarebadi

qveynebisadmi daxmarebis damatebiTi finansuri wyaro. bunebrivia,es Tanxebi kerZo

pirebs ekuTvniT da mZime SromiTa da ofliTaa mopovebuli da mxolod maT aaqvT

ufleba gadawyviton,Tu rogor da raze iqneba es Tanxa daxarjuli.

mSromeli migrantebisTvis fulis gadagzavnasTan dakavSirebuli xarjebi sakmaod

didia, gansakuTrebiT rodesac saqme exeba mcire raodenobis Tanxebis gadagzavnas.

amdenad, mTavrobebma ufro unda gaamartivon da gaaiafon es momsaxureba migranti

mSromelebisTvis.

saerTaSoriso qselurma profkavSirebma ( ), globaluri profkavSirebis

konfederaciis erT erTma wevrma, es sakiTxi wamoWra safosto momsaxurebis sferos

profkavSirebis winaSe, radgan migranti mSromelebis mier sakuTar qveynebSi Tanxis

gagzavna iafad da martivad unda xdebodes.

Tu migranti mSromelebi sakuTar samSobloSi dabrundebian,maT SeuZliaT dazogili

Tanxa momgebian da sasargeblo servisebSi da biznesSi Cadon da am mizniT gamoiyenon

miRebuli codna da SeZenili unar-Cvevebi. rTulia zusti statistikis moZieba,magram

mTel rig qveynebSi, rogorebicaa CineTi, koreis respublika da taivani, mzardma

ekonomikam da liberalurma politikam “tvinebis gadineba tvinebis Semodinebad

aqcia”.

uwyoben xels migranti mSromelebi maspinZeli qveynebis ekonomikur ganviTarebas?

xSir SemTxvevaSi,migranti mSromelebis,maT Soris maTi vinc qveyanaSi aralegalurad

imyofeba, roli maspinZeli qveynebis ekonomikis ganviTarebaSi dakninebuli an

saerTod uaryofilia. miuxedavad amisa, cnobili faqtia, rom saSualod migranti

mSromeli Semosavlis mxolod daaxloebiT 13 procents agzavnis saxlSi,danarCeni 87

procenti maspinZel qveyanaSi ixarjeba. msoflios maStabiT, migrant mSromelebs

sakuTar qveynebSi gadaricxes 1.6 trilion (1 600 miliardi) amerikul dolarze meti.

evropaSi usafrTxoebis da TanamSromlobis organizaciis(euTo), migraciis

saerTaSoriso organizaciis (mso) da S.s.o-s erToblivi gancxadebis Tanaxmad

“uamravi kvleva adasturebs im faqts, rom migranti mSromelebi asruleben im

samuSaos,romelzec uars amboben adgilobrivi moqalaqeebi da migranti mSromelebis

yofna, maTi saqmianoba da iniciativebi xels uwyobs axali samuSao adgilebis

gaCenas”.

GDP

UNI

investiciebis da unarCvevebis gadacema

uwyoben xels migranti mSromelebi mdidari qveynebis

ekonomikur winsvlas?

35

36


“David Zweig, “Competing for talent: Chana's strategy to reverse the drain brain”, International Labour Reviw. Vol.145(2006) No.1-2http://www.ilo.org/intanet/english/support/publ/revue/2006-1-2/download/s4zweig.pdf

Handbook on establishing effective labour migration policies in countries of origin and destination, OSCE, IMO and ILO, Geneva,2006http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/2006/106B09_engl.pdf

“David Zweig, “Competing for talent: Chana's strategy to reverse the drain brain”, International Labour Reviw. Vol.145(2006) No.1-2http://www.ilo.org/intanet/english/support/publ/revue/2006-1-2/download/s4zweig.pdf

Handbook on establishing effective labour migration policies in countries of origin and destination, OSCE, IMO and ILO, Geneva,2006http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/2006/106B09_engl.pdf

35

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International Herald Tribune, 18 Nov. 2006, http://www.iht.com/International Herald Tribune, 18 Nov. 2006, http://www.iht.com/37

“tvinebis gadineba”

maSin rodesac migranti mSromelebis yofna sargebelis momtania maspinZeli

qveynisTvis, maTma ar yofnam SesaZloa problemebi Seqmnas migranti mSromelebis

warmoSobis qveynebSi-qveyanaSi iqmneba kvalificiuri muSaxelis deficiti. am

garemoebiT wagebaSi rCeba migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis qveyana, xolo Tavad

migrantebisTvis momgebiania ufro maRali xelfasis da ukeTesi samuSao pirobebSi

muSaoba.

1970-ian da 1980-ian wlebSi yovelwliurad pakistans daaxloebiT 100 000 mSromeli

tovebda. maTgan, 45 procenti maRalkvalificirebuli muSaki iyo da yovelive es

pakistanSi kvalificiuri kadrebis seriozul problemas qmnida.

mas Semdeg rac poloneTi gaxda evropis kavSiris wevri(2004) saxelmwifo, 800 000-ma

poloneTis moqalaqem datova qveyana da samuSaod evropis kavSiris sxva

saxelmwifoebs miaSura. yovelive aman imdenad mwvaved daayena qveyanaSi

kvalificiuri kadrebis deficitis problema,rom SesaZloa poloneTma ver SesZlos

aiTvisos evropis kavSiris mier poloneTis infrastruqturis modernizaciisTvis

gamoyofili fondebi. Tavis mxriv, poloneTi Rebulobs migrant mSromelebs

belorusiidan da ukrainidan, romlebic avseben qveyanaSi Seqmnil SromiTi

resursebis deficits.

inglisur-enovani qveynebidan (rogorc wesi, yofili koloniebidan) xorcieldeba

eqTnebis da eqimebis rekrutireba amerikis SeeerTebul Statebsa da gaerTianebul

samefoSi. amas xSirad eqimebis “samedicino karuselad” moixsenieben, rodesac

samedicino personali erTi qveynidan meore qveyanaSi midis samuSaod, sadac isini

Secvlian im eqimebs,romlebmac ukeTesad anazRaurebadi samuSao iSoves sadme sxvagan.

magaliTad,ganaSi ganaTlebamiRebuli eqimebis 60 procentma datova qveyana. TiTeuli

jandacvis sferos profesionali,romelic tovebs qveyanas SromiTi migraciis mizniT,

qveyanas wagebis saxiT 184 000 amerikuli dolari ujdeba. kubeli eqimebi ganaSi Cadian

samuSaod, sadac maT xSirad Tarjimnis momsaxureba sWirdebaT. sub-saharis 47

qveynidan, 38 qveyana ver akmayofilebs msoflios jandacvis organizaciis minimalur

moTxovnebs-20 eqimi 10 000 sul mosaxleze.

bevr qveyanaSi, msoflio bankis da saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis ( ) mier Tavs

moxveulma restruqturizaciis programebma jandacvis seqtori fuladi saxsrebis

gareSe datova. ris Sedegadac, bevrma eqimma datova sakuTari qveyana da samuSaod

ucxoeTs miaSura,sadac maT ara marto ufro maRali xelfasebi da ukeTesi samuSao

pirobebi aqvT,aramed eZlevaT saSualeba gaiumjobeson sakuTari kvalifikacia.

37

“samedicino karuseli”

IMF

“tvinebis gadineba”

maSin rodesac migranti mSromelebis yofna sargebelis momtania maspinZeli

qveynisTvis, maTma ar yofnam SesaZloa problemebi Seqmnas migranti mSromelebis

warmoSobis qveynebSi-qveyanaSi iqmneba kvalificiuri muSaxelis deficiti. am

garemoebiT wagebaSi rCeba migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis qveyana, xolo Tavad

migrantebisTvis momgebiania ufro maRali xelfasis da ukeTesi samuSao pirobebSi

muSaoba.

1970-ian da 1980-ian wlebSi yovelwliurad pakistans daaxloebiT 100 000 mSromeli

tovebda. maTgan, 45 procenti maRalkvalificirebuli muSaki iyo da yovelive es

pakistanSi kvalificiuri kadrebis seriozul problemas qmnida.

mas Semdeg rac poloneTi gaxda evropis kavSiris wevri(2004) saxelmwifo, 800 000-ma

poloneTis moqalaqem datova qveyana da samuSaod evropis kavSiris sxva

saxelmwifoebs miaSura. yovelive aman imdenad mwvaved daayena qveyanaSi

kvalificiuri kadrebis deficitis problema,rom SesaZloa poloneTma ver SesZlos

aiTvisos evropis kavSiris mier poloneTis infrastruqturis modernizaciisTvis

gamoyofili fondebi. Tavis mxriv, poloneTi Rebulobs migrant mSromelebs

belorusiidan da ukrainidan, romlebic avseben qveyanaSi Seqmnil SromiTi

resursebis deficits.

inglisur-enovani qveynebidan (rogorc wesi, yofili koloniebidan) xorcieldeba

eqTnebis da eqimebis rekrutireba amerikis SeeerTebul Statebsa da gaerTianebul

samefoSi. amas xSirad eqimebis “samedicino karuselad” moixsenieben, rodesac

samedicino personali erTi qveynidan meore qveyanaSi midis samuSaod, sadac isini

Secvlian im eqimebs,romlebmac ukeTesad anazRaurebadi samuSao iSoves sadme sxvagan.

magaliTad,ganaSi ganaTlebamiRebuli eqimebis 60 procentma datova qveyana. TiTeuli

jandacvis sferos profesionali,romelic tovebs qveyanas SromiTi migraciis mizniT,

qveyanas wagebis saxiT 184 000 amerikuli dolari ujdeba. kubeli eqimebi ganaSi Cadian

samuSaod, sadac maT xSirad Tarjimnis momsaxureba sWirdebaT. sub-saharis 47

qveynidan, 38 qveyana ver akmayofilebs msoflios jandacvis organizaciis minimalur

moTxovnebs-20 eqimi 10 000 sul mosaxleze.

bevr qveyanaSi, msoflio bankis da saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis ( ) mier Tavs

moxveulma restruqturizaciis programebma jandacvis seqtori fuladi saxsrebis

gareSe datova. ris Sedegadac, bevrma eqimma datova sakuTari qveyana da samuSaod

ucxoeTs miaSura,sadac maT ara marto ufro maRali xelfasebi da ukeTesi samuSao

pirobebi aqvT,aramed eZlevaT saSualeba gaiumjobeson sakuTari kvalifikacia.

37

“samedicino karuseli”

IMF

59

sajaro samsaxuris saerTaSoriso organizaciis da profkavSirebis globaluri

federaciis Tanaxmad,

sajaro samsaxuris saerTaSoriso organizaciis da profkavSirebis globaluri

federaciis Tanaxmad,

ufro metic,kvalificiuri samedicino personalis gadaadgileba Raribi qveynebidan

mdidar qveynebSi qmnis e.w. Sebrunebuli ganviTarebis paradoqs samxreT afrikis

migraciis statistikis uwyebis monacemebiT,qveynidan eqTnebis da eqimebis migraciiT

miyenebuli zarali imis tolfasia,rom qveyanas investiciebis ar Semosvlis Sedegad

ezaralos 1 miliardi amerikuli dolari,rac 2000 wels qveynis jandacvis biujetis

17 procents Seadgenda.

samedicino personalis nakleboba mniSvnelovnad amcirebs afrikis sab-saharis

qveynebis SesaZleblobebs win aRudgnen Sidsis gavrcelebas.

“ ”.

38

ufro metic,kvalificiuri samedicino personalis gadaadgileba Raribi qveynebidan

mdidar qveynebSi qmnis e.w. Sebrunebuli ganviTarebis paradoqs samxreT afrikis

migraciis statistikis uwyebis monacemebiT,qveynidan eqTnebis da eqimebis migraciiT

miyenebuli zarali imis tolfasia,rom qveyanas investiciebis ar Semosvlis Sedegad

ezaralos 1 miliardi amerikuli dolari,rac 2000 wels qveynis jandacvis biujetis

17 procents Seadgenda.

samedicino personalis nakleboba mniSvnelovnad amcirebs afrikis sab-saharis

qveynebis SesaZleblobebs win aRudgnen Sidsis gavrcelebas.

“ ”.

38


Public Services International,www.world-psi.org-psi.org/Content/ContentGroups/English7/Equality_and_Rights/Equality_diversity_Policy.doc

Policy Statement on International Migration with Particular Reference to Health Services,Public Services International,www.world-psi.org-psi.org/Content/ContentGroups/English7/Equality_and_Rights/Equality_diversity_Policy.doc

Policy Statement on International Migration with Particular Reference to Health Services,38

“SromiTi migracia seriozul zians ayenebs bevri ganviTarebadi

qveynis jandacvis sistemis mdgradobas”

gaerTianebuli samefos wamyvani Jurnalis lancetis Tanaxmad, eqimebis da

eqTnebis SromiTi migracia ganviTarebul qveynebSi seriozul zians ayenebs

ganviTarebadi qveynebis jandacvis sistemas. am TvalsazrisiT, gaerTianebul

samefos gansakuTrebuli adgili uWiravs- misi praqtikosi eqimebis 31 procents

ganaTleba gaerTianebuli samefos farglebs gareT aqvs miRebuli.

SedarebisTvis,safrangeTsa da germaniaSi,am qveynebis farglebs gareT ganaTleba

miRebuli praqtikosi eqimebis xvedriTi wili daaxloebiT 5procentia.

lancentis komentariT: “ yovel mdidar qveyanas ZaluZs da miznad unda daisaxos

moamzados imdeni jandacvis muSaki, ramdenic mas sWirdeba. sajaro seqtorSi,

Raribi qveynebidan maRalkvalificiuri mSromelebis gadmobireba qurdobis

danaSaulis tolfasia”.

“SromiTi migracia seriozul zians ayenebs bevri ganviTarebadi

qveynis jandacvis sistemis mdgradobas”

gaerTianebuli samefos wamyvani Jurnalis lancetis Tanaxmad, eqimebis da

eqTnebis SromiTi migracia ganviTarebul qveynebSi seriozul zians ayenebs

ganviTarebadi qveynebis jandacvis sistemas. am TvalsazrisiT, gaerTianebul

samefos gansakuTrebuli adgili uWiravs- misi praqtikosi eqimebis 31 procents

ganaTleba gaerTianebuli samefos farglebs gareT aqvs miRebuli.

SedarebisTvis,safrangeTsa da germaniaSi,am qveynebis farglebs gareT ganaTleba

miRebuli praqtikosi eqimebis xvedriTi wili daaxloebiT 5procentia.

lancentis komentariT: “ yovel mdidar qveyanas ZaluZs da miznad unda daisaxos

moamzados imdeni jandacvis muSaki, ramdenic mas sWirdeba. sajaro seqtorSi,

Raribi qveynebidan maRalkvalificiuri mSromelebis gadmobireba qurdobis

danaSaulis tolfasia”.

kvalificiuri samedicino personalis nakleboba warmoadgens jandacvis da msofliosmosaxleobis keTildReobis sferoSi aTaswleulis ganviTarebis miznebisSesrulebis gzaze yvelaze seriozul dabrkolebas. (buCani, et al, 2004). afrikidanjandacvis sferoSi momuSave personalis masobrivi migracia seriozulad arTulebsmalarias, tuberkuliozis da Sidsis sawinaaRmdego programebis ganxorcielebas.Sidsis epidemiis Tavidan asacileblad, afrikis sab-saharis qveynebSi damatebiTdaaxloebiT 620 000 samedicino personalia saWiro, maSin rodesac yovelwliuraddaaxloebiT 23 000 afrikeli samedicino personali miemgzavreba ganviTarebulqveynebSi samuSaod.

(MDGs)kvalificiuri samedicino personalis nakleboba warmoadgens jandacvis da msofliosmosaxleobis keTildReobis sferoSi aTaswleulis ganviTarebis miznebisSesrulebis gzaze yvelaze seriozul dabrkolebas. (buCani, et al, 2004). afrikidanjandacvis sferoSi momuSave personalis masobrivi migracia seriozulad arTulebsmalarias, tuberkuliozis da Sidsis sawinaaRmdego programebis ganxorcielebas.Sidsis epidemiis Tavidan asacileblad, afrikis sab-saharis qveynebSi damatebiTdaaxloebiT 620 000 samedicino personalia saWiro, maSin rodesac yovelwliuraddaaxloebiT 23 000 afrikeli samedicino personali miemgzavreba ganviTarebulqveynebSi samuSaod.

(MDGs)

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balansi

mTlianobaSi,SromiTi migracia pozitiuri movlenaa,gansakuTrebiT daniSnulebis Tu

maspinZeli qveynisTvis. xSirad,migraciis fenomenze msjelobisas,ganixilaven mis av-

kargianobas mxolod biznesis da ekonomikuri ganvTarebis konteqstSi. miuxedavad

amisa, profkavSirebi ar ganixilaven SromiT migracias rogorc bazars, rogoricaa

kapitali, momsaxureba, romelic eqvemdebareba miwodebis da moTxovnis dinamikas.

SromiTi migraciis regulireba unda moxdes imdagvarad, rom aman sasikeTo Sedegi

moitanos rogorc migranti, aseve adgilobrivi mSromelisaTvis da saTanado

yuradReba unda daeTmos “tvinebis gadinebis” problemas.

balansi

mTlianobaSi,SromiTi migracia pozitiuri movlenaa,gansakuTrebiT daniSnulebis Tu

maspinZeli qveynisTvis. xSirad,migraciis fenomenze msjelobisas,ganixilaven mis av-

kargianobas mxolod biznesis da ekonomikuri ganvTarebis konteqstSi. miuxedavad

amisa, profkavSirebi ar ganixilaven SromiT migracias rogorc bazars, rogoricaa

kapitali, momsaxureba, romelic eqvemdebareba miwodebis da moTxovnis dinamikas.

SromiTi migraciis regulireba unda moxdes imdagvarad, rom aman sasikeTo Sedegi

moitanos rogorc migranti, aseve adgilobrivi mSromelisaTvis da saTanado

yuradReba unda daeTmos “tvinebis gadinebis” problemas.


Tqveni qveynis ekonomikis romeli seqtoria damokidebuli migrant mSromelebze?

ra raodenobis Tanxebis gadaricxvebi xdeba migranti mSromelebis mxridan Tqvens

qveyanaSi da Tqveni qveynidan?

ecada Tu ara Tqveni qveynis mTavroba ufro martivi da iafi gamxdariyo migartni

mSromelebis mier Tanxebis gadagzavna?

�

�

�


Tqveni qveynis ekonomikis romeli seqtoria damokidebuli migrant mSromelebze?

ra raodenobis Tanxebis gadaricxvebi xdeba migranti mSromelebis mxridan Tqvens

qveyanaSi da Tqveni qveynidan?

ecada Tu ara Tqveni qveynis mTavroba ufro martivi da iafi gamxdariyo migartni

mSromelebis mier Tanxebis gadagzavna?

�

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SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: SromiTi migracia - visTvis moaqvs sikeTe

mizani: sxvadasxva jgufebis TvalTaxedviT,ifiqreT SromiTi migraciis dadebiT da

uaryofiT mxareebze.

amocana:

visi TvalTaxedviTra aris SromiTi

migraciis upiratesobebi

ra aris SromiTi migraciis

uaryofiTi mxareebi

kvalifikaciis armqone

migranti mSromeli

kvalificiuri migranti

mSromeli

adgilobrivi mSromelebi

daniSnulebis qveynebSi

damqiraveblebi

warmomavlobis qveynebi

daniSnulebis qveynebi

profkavSirebi migrantebis

warmoSobis qveynebSi

profkavSirebi migrantebis

daniSnulebis qveynebSi

dasaqmebis saagentoebi

1. Tqvens jgufebSi,SeavseT Semdegi cxrili

61


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m e - 5 T a v i

migranti mSromelebis uflebebi

d a i m a x s o v r e T !

S.s.o-s konvenciis xelismomweri qveynebi movaleni arian

gamoiyenon es konvencia erovnul samarTalsa da praqtikaSi

da waradginon misi aplikacia regularuli intervalebiT.

ase rom, profkavSirebisaTvis mniSvnelovania kampaniis

warmoeba Sso-s konvenciis ratificirebisaTvis. yvela

saerTaSoriso SromiTi standarti, garda ramdenime

specifiuri standartisa, Seexeba yvela mSromels, migranti

mSromelebis CaTvliT, miuxedavad maTi statusisa.

d a i m a x s o v r e T !

S.s.o-s konvenciis xelismomweri qveynebi movaleni arian

gamoiyenon es konvencia erovnul samarTalsa da praqtikaSi

da waradginon misi aplikacia regularuli intervalebiT.

ase rom, profkavSirebisaTvis mniSvnelovania kampaniis

warmoeba Sso-s konvenciis ratificirebisaTvis. yvela

saerTaSoriso SromiTi standarti, garda ramdenime

specifiuri standartisa, Seexeba yvela mSromels, migranti

mSromelebis CaTvliT, miuxedavad maTi statusisa.


es Tavi aRwers or gansakuTrebul S.s.o-s konvencias SromiTi

migraciis Sesaxeb da amasTanave warmoadgens ZiriTad CarCo

midgomas saxelmwifo kanonmdeblobisa da SromiTi migraciis

marTvis praqtikisaTvis. igi agreTve aRwers Sso-s sazedamxedvelo

sistemas da imas, Tu rogor SeuZliaT profkavSirebs am sistemis

gamoyeneba.

es Tavi agreTve warmoadgens gaeros saerTaSoriso

konvencias yvela migranti mSromelisa da maTi ojaxis wevrebis

uflebaTa dacvis Sesaxeb (1990). igi emyareba Sso-s ori konvenciis

ZiriTad Sinaarss.

sami zemoTaRniSnuli konvencia erTobliobaSi uzrunvelyofs

srul “Rirebulebebze dafuZnebul” gansazRvrebas da

samarTlebliv safuZvels saxelmwifo politikisa da

praqtikisaTvis migrant mSromelebTan da maTi ojaxis wevrebTan

dakavSirebiT.

es nawili exeba Semdeg sakiTxebs:

ra warmoadgens uflebebze damyarebul CarCo midgomas migranti

mSromelebisTvis?

saerTaSoriso SromiT standartebs migranti mSromelebisTvis

Sso-s ZiriTad saerTaSoriso SromiT standartebs da sxva

saerTaSoriso SromiT standartebs

gaeros saerTaSoriso konvencias migranti mSromelebisa da maTi

ojaxis wevrebis uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb

SromiT kanonmdeblobas

Sso-s SromiTi standartebis gamoyeneba: profkavSirebis roli

migranti mSromelebis uflebebis ZiriTadi CamonaTvali Sso-s

standartebis mixedviT.

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�


es Tavi aRwers or gansakuTrebul S.s.o-s konvencias SromiTi

migraciis Sesaxeb da amasTanave warmoadgens ZiriTad CarCo

midgomas saxelmwifo kanonmdeblobisa da SromiTi migraciis

marTvis praqtikisaTvis. igi agreTve aRwers Sso-s sazedamxedvelo

sistemas da imas, Tu rogor SeuZliaT profkavSirebs am sistemis

gamoyeneba.

es Tavi agreTve warmoadgens gaeros saerTaSoriso

konvencias yvela migranti mSromelisa da maTi ojaxis wevrebis

uflebaTa dacvis Sesaxeb (1990). igi emyareba Sso-s ori konvenciis

ZiriTad Sinaarss.

sami zemoTaRniSnuli konvencia erTobliobaSi uzrunvelyofs

srul “Rirebulebebze dafuZnebul” gansazRvrebas da

samarTlebliv safuZvels saxelmwifo politikisa da

praqtikisaTvis migrant mSromelebTan da maTi ojaxis wevrebTan

dakavSirebiT.

es nawili exeba Semdeg sakiTxebs:

ra warmoadgens uflebebze damyarebul CarCo midgomas migranti

mSromelebisTvis?

saerTaSoriso SromiT standartebs migranti mSromelebisTvis

Sso-s ZiriTad saerTaSoriso SromiT standartebs da sxva

saerTaSoriso SromiT standartebs

gaeros saerTaSoriso konvencias migranti mSromelebisa da maTi

ojaxis wevrebis uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb

SromiT kanonmdeblobas

Sso-s SromiTi standartebis gamoyeneba: profkavSirebis roli

migranti mSromelebis uflebebis ZiriTadi CamonaTvali Sso-s

standartebis mixedviT.

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ras warmoadgens migranti mSromelebis uflebebze

dafuZnebuli CarCo midgoma?

migranti mSromelebis adamianis uflebebi

migrant momuSaveebs gaaCniaT adamianis uflebebi!

saerTaSoriso samarTlis gamoyeneba migranti mSromelebis dasacavad

adamianis uflebaTa umniSvnelovanesi cneba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom garkveuli

principebi aris marTebuli da swori yvela adamianisaTvis, yvela sazogadoebaSi,

ekonomikuri, politikuri, eTnikuri da kulturuli cxovrebis yvela pirobis

gaTvaliswinebiT. adamianis uflebebi sayovelTaoa, yoveli adamiani flobs am

uflebebs,miuxedevad maTi rasis,kanis feris,rwmenis,sqesis,asakis,socialuri klasis,

enis, erovnuli warmoSobis da pilitikuri mrwamsisa. yvela adamians unda gaaCndes

adamianis yvela ufleba.

mTavar kiTxvas profkavSiris wevrebisaTvis da migranti mSromelebisTvis

warmoadgens Semdegi kiTxva: “adgilobrivi mSromelebis uflebebis dacvasTan erTad,

ramdenad kargad icavs kanoni migranti mSromelebis uflebebs?” faqtiurad,

adgilobrivi mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis saukeTeso gzas warmoadgens migranti

mSromelebis uflebebis uzrunvelyofa,imdenad ramdenadac damsaqmeblebs ar mieceT

imis saSualeba, rom adgilobrivi da migranti mSromelebi erTmaneTan arajansaRi

konkurenciis pirobebSi amyofon.

saerTaSoriso samarTali SesaZloa umniSvnelod da ararelevanturad Candes.

sinamdvileSi, igi SeiZleba iyos efeqturi saSualeba yvela mSromelis uflebebis

dasacavad, migranti mSromelebis CaTvliT. rodesac saxelmwifo Tanxmdeba

miuerTdes saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebas an konvencias,es ukve xdeba saerTaSoriso

zedamxedvelobis sagani da amgvari gavlenis Sedegad mSromelebisadmi ukeTesi

mopyroba iqneba miRweuli.

ratificirebul xelSekrulebebs gaaCniaT kanonieri statusi da warmoadgenen

zedamxedvelobisa da zemoqmedebis sagans erovnul doneze. araratificirebuli

dokumentebic ki SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas erovnuli iurisdiqciis farglebSi.

Sso-s konvenciebi saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebs warmoadgenen. konvenciebi miiReba

samxrivi procesis Sedegad,rac gulisxmobs mTavrobas,damqiravebels da mSromelTa

warmomadgenels Sso-s wevri 182 saxelmwifosgan. ratificirebis Semdeg Sso-s

konvenciebs kanonieri Zala gaaCniaT amave qveyanaSi. Sromis saerTaSoriso

standartebis gamoyeneba dadebiTad aisaxeba mSromelebze, migranti mSromelebis

CaTvliT.

ras warmoadgens migranti mSromelebis uflebebze

dafuZnebuli CarCo midgoma?

migranti mSromelebis adamianis uflebebi

migrant momuSaveebs gaaCniaT adamianis uflebebi!

saerTaSoriso samarTlis gamoyeneba migranti mSromelebis dasacavad

adamianis uflebaTa umniSvnelovanesi cneba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom garkveuli

principebi aris marTebuli da swori yvela adamianisaTvis, yvela sazogadoebaSi,

ekonomikuri, politikuri, eTnikuri da kulturuli cxovrebis yvela pirobis

gaTvaliswinebiT. adamianis uflebebi sayovelTaoa, yoveli adamiani flobs am

uflebebs,miuxedevad maTi rasis,kanis feris,rwmenis,sqesis,asakis,socialuri klasis,

enis, erovnuli warmoSobis da pilitikuri mrwamsisa. yvela adamians unda gaaCndes

adamianis yvela ufleba.

mTavar kiTxvas profkavSiris wevrebisaTvis da migranti mSromelebisTvis

warmoadgens Semdegi kiTxva: “adgilobrivi mSromelebis uflebebis dacvasTan erTad,

ramdenad kargad icavs kanoni migranti mSromelebis uflebebs?” faqtiurad,

adgilobrivi mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis saukeTeso gzas warmoadgens migranti

mSromelebis uflebebis uzrunvelyofa,imdenad ramdenadac damsaqmeblebs ar mieceT

imis saSualeba, rom adgilobrivi da migranti mSromelebi erTmaneTan arajansaRi

konkurenciis pirobebSi amyofon.

saerTaSoriso samarTali SesaZloa umniSvnelod da ararelevanturad Candes.

sinamdvileSi, igi SeiZleba iyos efeqturi saSualeba yvela mSromelis uflebebis

dasacavad, migranti mSromelebis CaTvliT. rodesac saxelmwifo Tanxmdeba

miuerTdes saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebas an konvencias,es ukve xdeba saerTaSoriso

zedamxedvelobis sagani da amgvari gavlenis Sedegad mSromelebisadmi ukeTesi

mopyroba iqneba miRweuli.

ratificirebul xelSekrulebebs gaaCniaT kanonieri statusi da warmoadgenen

zedamxedvelobisa da zemoqmedebis sagans erovnul doneze. araratificirebuli

dokumentebic ki SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas erovnuli iurisdiqciis farglebSi.

Sso-s konvenciebi saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebs warmoadgenen. konvenciebi miiReba

samxrivi procesis Sedegad,rac gulisxmobs mTavrobas,damqiravebels da mSromelTa

warmomadgenels Sso-s wevri 182 saxelmwifosgan. ratificirebis Semdeg Sso-s

konvenciebs kanonieri Zala gaaCniaT amave qveyanaSi. Sromis saerTaSoriso

standartebis gamoyeneba dadebiTad aisaxeba mSromelebze, migranti mSromelebis

CaTvliT.

rogor iyenebs Sida iurisdiqcia saerTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTao

wyaroebs

miuxedavad imisa,rom es faqti xandaxan yuradRebis miRma rCeba, saerTaSoriso

SromiTi standartebi gamoiyeneba mosamarTleebis, advokatebis, SromiTi

inspeqtorebis da profkavSiris wevrebis mier imis uzrunvelsayofad, raTa

mSromelTa uflebebi saTanadod iqnas daculi. mosamarTleebis SemTxvevevaSi

sasamarTlo arcTu ise iSviaTad mimarTavs konvenciis debulebebs davis

gadasaWrelad, an isini uaxlovdebian Sso-s standartebs, rogorc axsna-

ganmartebisa da samarTlebliv wyaros,roca saqme Seexeba Sida kanondeblobas.

rogor iyenebs Sida iurisdiqcia saerTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTao

wyaroebs

miuxedavad imisa,rom es faqti xandaxan yuradRebis miRma rCeba, saerTaSoriso

SromiTi standartebi gamoiyeneba mosamarTleebis, advokatebis, SromiTi

inspeqtorebis da profkavSiris wevrebis mier imis uzrunvelsayofad, raTa

mSromelTa uflebebi saTanadod iqnas daculi. mosamarTleebis SemTxvevevaSi

sasamarTlo arcTu ise iSviaTad mimarTavs konvenciis debulebebs davis

gadasaWrelad, an isini uaxlovdebian Sso-s standartebs, rogorc axsna-

ganmartebisa da samarTlebliv wyaros,roca saqme Seexeba Sida kanondeblobas.

hppt://www.ilo.org/republic/English/dialogue/actrav/publ/143144/143144e.pdf

SromiTi ganaTleba 2006/2-3 #143-144- SromiTi kanonmdebloba: misi roli, mimarTuleba da potenciali

“rogor iyenebs Sida iurisdiqcia saerTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTao wyaroebs”; xavier bidones

mixedviT.

hppt://www.ilo.org/republic/English/dialogue/actrav/publ/143144/143144e.pdf

SromiTi ganaTleba 2006/2-3 #143-144- SromiTi kanonmdebloba: misi roli, mimarTuleba da potenciali

“rogor iyenebs Sida iurisdiqcia saerTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTao wyaroebs”; xavier bidones

mixedviT.

39

39

65

saidan iRebs saTaves adamianis uflebebi?

yvelaze mniSvnelovani win gadadgmuli nabiji iyo gaero-s generaluri asambleis

mier 1948 wlis 10 dekembers miRebuli adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracia.

es jer kidev ZalaSi myofi dokumentia da am dokumentma gamoacxada is uflebebi,

romlebic mieniWaT mSromelebs,rogorc adamianebs.

saidan iRebs saTaves adamianis uflebebi?

yvelaze mniSvnelovani win gadadgmuli nabiji iyo gaero-s generaluri asambleis

mier 1948 wlis 10 dekembers miRebuli adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracia.

es jer kidev ZalaSi myofi dokumentia da am dokumentma gamoacxada is uflebebi,

romlebic mieniWaT mSromelebs,rogorc adamianebs.

ras warmoadgens adamianis uflebaTa ZiriTadi xelSekrulebebi?

gaeros adamianis uflebaTa deklaraciis garda, arsebobs cxra fundamenturi

adamianis uflebaTa xelSekruleba, romelic gansazRvravs ZiriTad, sayovelTaod

aRiarebul adamianTa uflebebs da uzrunvelyofs maT swor gavrcelebas saTanado

jgufebSi mTeli msoflios masStabiT. esenia:

1. saerTaSoriso konvencia samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, 16

dekemberi, 1966.

2. saerTaSoriso konvencia ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis

Sesaxeb,16 dekemberi,1966.

3. saerTaSoriso konvencia rasobrivi diskriminaciis yvelanairi formis winaaRmdeg

brZolis Sesaxeb,21 dekemberi,1965.

4. konvencia wamebisa da sxva saxis sisatikis, araadamianuri an damamcirebeli

mopyrobis an dasjis winaaRmdeg,10 dekemberi,1984.

5. konvencia qalTa mimarT diskiminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris winaaRmdeg, 18

dekemberi,1979.

6. konvencia bavSvTa uflebebis Sesaxeb,20 noemberi,1989.

7. saerTaSoriso konvencia yvela migranti mSromelis da maTi ojaxis wevrebis

uflebaTa dacvis Sesaxeb,18 dekemberi,1990.

8. konvencia unarSezRuduli adamianebis uflebaTa Sesaxeb,13dekemberi 2006.

9.saerTaSoriso konvencia yvela adamianis iZulebiTi Sromis Sesaxeb 20 dekemberi,

2006.

ras warmoadgens adamianis uflebaTa ZiriTadi xelSekrulebebi?

gaeros adamianis uflebaTa deklaraciis garda, arsebobs cxra fundamenturi

adamianis uflebaTa xelSekruleba, romelic gansazRvravs ZiriTad, sayovelTaod

aRiarebul adamianTa uflebebs da uzrunvelyofs maT swor gavrcelebas saTanado

jgufebSi mTeli msoflios masStabiT. esenia:

1. saerTaSoriso konvencia samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, 16

dekemberi, 1966.

2. saerTaSoriso konvencia ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis

Sesaxeb,16 dekemberi,1966.

3. saerTaSoriso konvencia rasobrivi diskriminaciis yvelanairi formis winaaRmdeg

brZolis Sesaxeb,21 dekemberi,1965.

4. konvencia wamebisa da sxva saxis sisatikis, araadamianuri an damamcirebeli

mopyrobis an dasjis winaaRmdeg,10 dekemberi,1984.

5. konvencia qalTa mimarT diskiminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris winaaRmdeg, 18

dekemberi,1979.

6. konvencia bavSvTa uflebebis Sesaxeb,20 noemberi,1989.

7. saerTaSoriso konvencia yvela migranti mSromelis da maTi ojaxis wevrebis

uflebaTa dacvis Sesaxeb,18 dekemberi,1990.

8. konvencia unarSezRuduli adamianebis uflebaTa Sesaxeb,13dekemberi 2006.

9.saerTaSoriso konvencia yvela adamianis iZulebiTi Sromis Sesaxeb 20 dekemberi,

2006.

adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciidan

muxli 13

muxli 14

muxli 23

yvelas aqvs Tavisufali gadaadgilebis da dabinavebis ufleba TiToeuli

saxelmwifos farglebSi.

yvelas aqvs nebismieri qveynis datovebis ufleba,sakuTari qveynis CaTvliT da am

qveyanaSi dabrunebis ufleba

yvelas aqvs ufleba eZebos da moipovos TavSesafari devnis SemTxvevaSi sxva

qveynebSi

1. yvelas aqvs muSaobis da dasaqmebis Tavisufali arCevanis, Sromis samarTliani

da sasargeblo pirobebis da umuSevrobis winaaRmdeg brZolis ufleba.

2. yvelas aqvs ufleba miiRos saTanado anazRaureba saTanado samuSaosTvis.

3. yvelas, vinc muSaobs, aqvs samarTliani da aucilebeli anazRaurebis ufleba,

rac uzrunvelyofs misTvis da misi ojaxisaTvis Rirseuli yofnis pirobebs da

damatebiT, sazogadoebrivi dacvis sxva saSualebebsac aucileblobis

SemTxvevaSi.

4. yvelas aqvs ufleba Seqmnas da SeuerTdes profkavSirebs sakuTari interesebis

dasacavad.

adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciidan

muxli 13

muxli 14

muxli 23

yvelas aqvs Tavisufali gadaadgilebis da dabinavebis ufleba TiToeuli

saxelmwifos farglebSi.

yvelas aqvs nebismieri qveynis datovebis ufleba,sakuTari qveynis CaTvliT da am

qveyanaSi dabrunebis ufleba

yvelas aqvs ufleba eZebos da moipovos TavSesafari devnis SemTxvevaSi sxva

qveynebSi

1. yvelas aqvs muSaobis da dasaqmebis Tavisufali arCevanis, Sromis samarTliani

da sasargeblo pirobebis da umuSevrobis winaaRmdeg brZolis ufleba.

2. yvelas aqvs ufleba miiRos saTanado anazRaureba saTanado samuSaosTvis.

3. yvelas, vinc muSaobs, aqvs samarTliani da aucilebeli anazRaurebis ufleba,

rac uzrunvelyofs misTvis da misi ojaxisaTvis Rirseuli yofnis pirobebs da

damatebiT, sazogadoebrivi dacvis sxva saSualebebsac aucileblobis

SemTxvevaSi.

4. yvelas aqvs ufleba Seqmnas da SeuerTdes profkavSirebs sakuTari interesebis

dasacavad.


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saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi migranti

mSromelebisTvis

aq warmodgenilia Sso-s ori konvencia da masTan dakavSirebuli rekomendaciebi,rac

konkretulad Seexeba migrant mSromelebs.

konvencia migrantTa dasaqmebis Sesaxeb (Sesworebuli),1949 (#97)

rekomendacia migrantTa dasaqmebis Sesaxeb (Sesworebuli),1949 (#86)

migrant mSromelTa konvencia (damatebiTi debulebebi) 1975 (#143)

migrant mSromelTa rekomendacia,1975 (#151)

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saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi migranti

mSromelebisTvis

aq warmodgenilia Sso-s ori konvencia da masTan dakavSirebuli rekomendaciebi,rac

konkretulad Seexeba migrant mSromelebs.

konvencia migrantTa dasaqmebis Sesaxeb (Sesworebuli),1949 (#97)

rekomendacia migrantTa dasaqmebis Sesaxeb (Sesworebuli),1949 (#86)

migrant mSromelTa konvencia (damatebiTi debulebebi) 1975 (#143)

migrant mSromelTa rekomendacia,1975 (#151)

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saerTaSoriso konvenciebi da saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi Seexeba:

am saxelmZRvaneloSi Cven vexebiT araerT saerTaSoriso konvencias. saidan

modian isini? Sromis saerTaSoriso standartebi warmoadgenen samarTlebriv

dokumentebs, romlebic miRebulia Sso-s Semadgeneli nawilebis (mTavroba,

damqiravebeli da mSromelebi) mier da romlebic adgenen SromiTi uflebebis

ZiriTad principebs. isini agreTve warmoadgenen konvenciebs, romlebic aris

samarTleblivi saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebi, romlebic savaldebuloa

xelmomweri wevri saxelmwifoebisTvis, an rekomendaciebs, romlebic moqmedeben,

rogorc arasavaldebulo xasiaTis saxelmZRvanelo principebi. umetes

SemTxveveaSi konvencia ayalibebs ZiriTad principebs, romelic Sesrulebul

unda iqnas xelismomweri saxelmwifoebis mier, xolo masTan dakavSirebuli

rekomendacia avsebs konvencias, uzrunvelyofs ra mas ufro detaluri

saxelmZRvanelo principebiT, imis Sesaxeb Tu rogori midgoma unda

ganxorcieldes. rekomendaciebi SeiZleba iyos avtonomiuri xasiaTis,e.i. ar iyos

dakavSirebuli arcerT konvenciasTan.

konvenciebi da rekomendaciebi yalibdeba mTavrobis, damsaqmeblebis da

mSromelTa warmomadgenlebis mier da miiReba Sso-s yovelwliur saerTaSoriso

SromiT konferenciaze. (sSk). standartis erTxel miRebis Semdeg Sso-s wesdebis

Tanaxmad wevr saxelmwifoebs moeTxovebaT gansaxilvelad warudginos

standartebi TavianT kompetentur organos (Cveulebriv esaa parlamenti).

konvenciebis SemTxvevaSi es niSnavs ganxilvas dasamtkiceblad. damticebis

SemTxvevaSi konvencia ZalaSi Sedis am qveynisaTvis ratificirebis TariRidan

erTi wlis Semdeg. xelismomweri qveynebi movaleni arian ganaxorcielon

konvenciis debulebebi da principebi. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi teqnikur

daxmarebas Sso uzrunvelyofs. damatebiT, warmomadgenlobiTi da saCivrebis

procedurebi SeiZleba inicirebul iqnas profkavSirebis mier im qveynebis mimarT,

romlebic daarRveven maT mier ratificirebul konvencias.

saerTaSoriso konvenciebi da saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi Seexeba:

am saxelmZRvaneloSi Cven vexebiT araerT saerTaSoriso konvencias. saidan

modian isini? Sromis saerTaSoriso standartebi warmoadgenen samarTlebriv

dokumentebs, romlebic miRebulia Sso-s Semadgeneli nawilebis (mTavroba,

damqiravebeli da mSromelebi) mier da romlebic adgenen SromiTi uflebebis

ZiriTad principebs. isini agreTve warmoadgenen konvenciebs, romlebic aris

samarTleblivi saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebi, romlebic savaldebuloa

xelmomweri wevri saxelmwifoebisTvis, an rekomendaciebs, romlebic moqmedeben,

rogorc arasavaldebulo xasiaTis saxelmZRvanelo principebi. umetes

SemTxveveaSi konvencia ayalibebs ZiriTad principebs, romelic Sesrulebul

unda iqnas xelismomweri saxelmwifoebis mier, xolo masTan dakavSirebuli

rekomendacia avsebs konvencias, uzrunvelyofs ra mas ufro detaluri

saxelmZRvanelo principebiT, imis Sesaxeb Tu rogori midgoma unda

ganxorcieldes. rekomendaciebi SeiZleba iyos avtonomiuri xasiaTis,e.i. ar iyos

dakavSirebuli arcerT konvenciasTan.

konvenciebi da rekomendaciebi yalibdeba mTavrobis, damsaqmeblebis da

mSromelTa warmomadgenlebis mier da miiReba Sso-s yovelwliur saerTaSoriso

SromiT konferenciaze. (sSk). standartis erTxel miRebis Semdeg Sso-s wesdebis

Tanaxmad wevr saxelmwifoebs moeTxovebaT gansaxilvelad warudginos

standartebi TavianT kompetentur organos (Cveulebriv esaa parlamenti).

konvenciebis SemTxvevaSi es niSnavs ganxilvas dasamtkiceblad. damticebis

SemTxvevaSi konvencia ZalaSi Sedis am qveynisaTvis ratificirebis TariRidan

erTi wlis Semdeg. xelismomweri qveynebi movaleni arian ganaxorcielon

konvenciis debulebebi da principebi. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi teqnikur

daxmarebas Sso uzrunvelyofs. damatebiT, warmomadgenlobiTi da saCivrebis

procedurebi SeiZleba inicirebul iqnas profkavSirebis mier im qveynebis mimarT,

romlebic daarRveven maT mier ratificirebul konvencias.

67

migraciis konvencia SromiTi migraciis Sesaxeb (Sesworebuli) (#97)

konvencia # 97 (ratificirebulia 47 wevri saxelmwifos mier 2008 wlis 22

seqtembers) uzrunvelyofs Tanabar midgomasa da aradiskriminacias erovnebis,rasis,

religiis da sqesis mixedviT migrant mSromelebs Soris, rac warmodgenilia

administraciuli xelisuflebis kanonebisa da dadgenilebebis oTx sferoSi. esenia:

sacxovrebeli da samuSao pirobebi, socialuri usafrTxoeba, dasaqmeba da

samarTleblivi instrumentebis xelmisawvdomoba. debulebebi Seicavs Tanabar

anazRaurebas, profkavSirebis wevrobas da koleqtiuri molaparakebebiT

sargeblobis uflebas.

konvencia da misi Tanmxlebi rekomendacia (#86) agreTve adgens kontraqtis pirobebis

detalebs, migrantTa monawileobas samsaxurebriv treningebSi, Seexeba ojaxis

xelaxal SeerTebas da ibrZvis dasaqmebis arasamarTliani Sewyvetisa da

gaTavisuflebis winaaRmdeg. es rekomendacia aregulirebs migraciis mTel process.

muxli 11, paragrafi 1 _ konvencia gansazRvravs migranti mSromelebis raobas:

migraciis konvencia SromiTi migraciis Sesaxeb (Sesworebuli) (#97)

konvencia # 97 (ratificirebulia 47 wevri saxelmwifos mier 2008 wlis 22

seqtembers) uzrunvelyofs Tanabar midgomasa da aradiskriminacias erovnebis,rasis,

religiis da sqesis mixedviT migrant mSromelebs Soris, rac warmodgenilia

administraciuli xelisuflebis kanonebisa da dadgenilebebis oTx sferoSi. esenia:

sacxovrebeli da samuSao pirobebi, socialuri usafrTxoeba, dasaqmeba da

samarTleblivi instrumentebis xelmisawvdomoba. debulebebi Seicavs Tanabar

anazRaurebas, profkavSirebis wevrobas da koleqtiuri molaparakebebiT

sargeblobis uflebas.

konvencia da misi Tanmxlebi rekomendacia (#86) agreTve adgens kontraqtis pirobebis

detalebs, migrantTa monawileobas samsaxurebriv treningebSi, Seexeba ojaxis

xelaxal SeerTebas da ibrZvis dasaqmebis arasamarTliani Sewyvetisa da

gaTavisuflebis winaaRmdeg. es rekomendacia aregulirebs migraciis mTel process.

muxli 11, paragrafi 1 _ konvencia gansazRvravs migranti mSromelebis raobas:

konvencia # 97 gamoyofs: “a) sasazRvro migrantebs; b) xelovanebs da sxva

liberaluri profesiis warmomadgenlebs,romlebic Semodian qveyanaSi mokle vadiT;

g) mezRvaurebs”

am gamonaklisebis garda Tanabari midgomis principi vrceldeba yvela migrant

momuSaveze,romelTa yofna Cveulebriv daSvebulia konvenciis xelismomwer qveynebSi.

Tanaswori mopyroba aris #97 konvenciis centraluri Semadgeneli nawili. igi

warmodgenilia me-6 muxlSi,romelic krZalavs diskriminacias qveyanaSi kanonierad

myof migrant mSromelebsa da adgilobriv mSromelebs Soris:

konvencia # 97 gamoyofs: “a) sasazRvro migrantebs; b) xelovanebs da sxva

liberaluri profesiis warmomadgenlebs,romlebic Semodian qveyanaSi mokle vadiT;

g) mezRvaurebs”

am gamonaklisebis garda Tanabari midgomis principi vrceldeba yvela migrant

momuSaveze,romelTa yofna Cveulebriv daSvebulia konvenciis xelismomwer qveynebSi.

Tanaswori mopyroba aris #97 konvenciis centraluri Semadgeneli nawili. igi

warmodgenilia me-6 muxlSi,romelic krZalavs diskriminacias qveyanaSi kanonierad

myof migrant mSromelebsa da adgilobriv mSromelebs Soris:

#97 konvenciis muxli 3; paragrafi 2; mouwodebs xelismomwer saxelmwifoebs

monawileoba miiRo cru propagandis winaaRmdeg,romelsac adgili aqvs am sferoSi.

Sso-s komitetis eqspertebis mier damtkicebulia,rom SecdomaSi Semyvani propaganda

gulisxmobs aramxolod SecdomaSi Semyvan informacias,romelic migrantma SeiZleba

miiRos gamgzavrebis win, raTa cdundnen isini ama Tu im konkretul qveyanaSi

gamgzavrebis mxriv,aramed igi agreTve Seexeba rasistul propagandas daniSnulebis

qveynebSi.

#97 konvenciis muxli 3; paragrafi 2; mouwodebs xelismomwer saxelmwifoebs

monawileoba miiRo cru propagandis winaaRmdeg,romelsac adgili aqvs am sferoSi.

Sso-s komitetis eqspertebis mier damtkicebulia,rom SecdomaSi Semyvani propaganda

gulisxmobs aramxolod SecdomaSi Semyvan informacias,romelic migrantma SeiZleba

miiRos gamgzavrebis win, raTa cdundnen isini ama Tu im konkretul qveyanaSi

gamgzavrebis mxriv,aramed igi agreTve Seexeba rasistul propagandas daniSnulebis

qveynebSi.


am konvenciis Tanaxmad, termini SromiTi migranti niSnavs pirovnebas, romelicmigrirdeba erTi qveynidan meoreSi im mizniT, raTa dasaqmebul iqnas da es terminimoicavs yvela pirovnebas, romlebic Cveulebriv iTvlebian SromiT migrantebad.

am konvenciis Tanaxmad, termini SromiTi migranti niSnavs pirovnebas, romelicmigrirdeba erTi qveynidan meoreSi im mizniT, raTa dasaqmebul iqnas da es terminimoicavs yvela pirovnebas, romlebic Cveulebriv iTvlebian SromiT migrantebad.

....Tanabari anazRaureba, ojaxis sarCeni saxsrebis CaTvliT, sadac es warmoadgensanazRaurebis nawils,samuSao saaTebis odenoba,SeTanxmeba zedmeti samuSao saaTebisSesaxeb, anazRaurebadi uqme dReebi, saSinao samuSaoebis SezRudvebi, dasaqmebisminimaluri asakobrivi zRvari,swavleba da treningi,qalebis da axalgazrdebis Sroma,profkavSiris wevroba da koleqtiuri vaWrobidan sargeblis qona, binaTmowyoba dasocialuri garantiebi (rac gulisxmobs legalur debulebebs sawarmoo travmis,dedobis, avadmyofobis, invalidobis, moxucebulobis, gardacvalebis, umuSevrobis,ojaxuri pasuxismgeblobebis da sxva SemTxvevebSi, erovnuli kanonisa da wesdebismixedviT nagulisxmevia socialuri dacvis sqemaSi). igi agreTve Seexeba dasaqmebisgadasaxadebs da dasaqmebuli piris mier gadasaxdel gadasaxadsa da Senatans da sxvasamarTlebliv sakiTxebs am konvenciaSi moxseniebul saqmeebTan dakavSirebiT.

....Tanabari anazRaureba, ojaxis sarCeni saxsrebis CaTvliT, sadac es warmoadgensanazRaurebis nawils,samuSao saaTebis odenoba,SeTanxmeba zedmeti samuSao saaTebisSesaxeb, anazRaurebadi uqme dReebi, saSinao samuSaoebis SezRudvebi, dasaqmebisminimaluri asakobrivi zRvari,swavleba da treningi,qalebis da axalgazrdebis Sroma,profkavSiris wevroba da koleqtiuri vaWrobidan sargeblis qona, binaTmowyoba dasocialuri garantiebi (rac gulisxmobs legalur debulebebs sawarmoo travmis,dedobis, avadmyofobis, invalidobis, moxucebulobis, gardacvalebis, umuSevrobis,ojaxuri pasuxismgeblobebis da sxva SemTxvevebSi, erovnuli kanonisa da wesdebismixedviT nagulisxmevia socialuri dacvis sqemaSi). igi agreTve Seexeba dasaqmebisgadasaxadebs da dasaqmebuli piris mier gadasaxdel gadasaxadsa da Senatans da sxvasamarTlebliv sakiTxebs am konvenciaSi moxseniebul saqmeebTan dakavSirebiT.

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me-4 muxlis mixedviT saxelmwifoebs moeTxovebaT migranti mSromelebis

uzrunvelyofa saTanado da Tavisufali momsaxurebiT janmrTelobasa da

samsaxurTan dakavSirebiT.

me-7 muxli uzrunvelyofs imas, rom wevrma saxelmwifoebma “ mSromelebi unda

uzrunvelyon im momsaxurebiT, rasac iTvaliswinebs am saxelmwifos sajaro

dasaqmebis sistema”. igi agreTve Seexeba kerZo damsaqmebel saagentoebs, Sso-s # 181

konvenciis mixedviT.

#97 konvencia Seicavs mniSvnelovan debulebebs, romlebic icaven migrant

mSromelebs. magaliTad maT unda hqondeT saTanado samedicino momsaxurebis

misawvdomobis garantia (muxli 5) da neba daerToT sakuTari survilisamebr

moaxdinon sakuTari gamomuSavebuli Tanxis da danazogis gadaricxva. (muxli 9)

#97 konvenciis 8-e muxli krZalavs migrantTa samuSaodan gaTavisuflebas droebiT

samsaxurebrivi uunarobis SemTxvevaSi. es mniSvnelovani debulebaa.

ramdenime ormxrivi SeTanxmeba xelmowerili warmoSobisa da daniSnulebis qveynebs

Soris, gulisxmobs dasaqmebis Sewyvetas (da gaTavisuflebasac) mSromelis mier aiv

visusis/Sidsis an sxva romelime gadamdebi daavadebis SeZenis SemTxvevaSi.

rasakvirvelia, bevri qveyana moiTxovs, rom dasaqmebis msurvelma migrantma

mSromelebma gaiaron aiv/Sidsis savaldebulo Semowmeba an samuSaos pirobebi

iZleodes amgvari Semowmebis Catarebis saSualebas. es warmoadgens adamianis

uflebaTa aSkara darRvevas da ewinaaRmdegeba Sso-s wesdebas aiv/Sidsis Sesaxeb.

amgvari moTxovna #97 konvenciis sawinaaRmdegodac ki SeiZleba CaiTvalos.

me-4 muxlis mixedviT saxelmwifoebs moeTxovebaT migranti mSromelebis

uzrunvelyofa saTanado da Tavisufali momsaxurebiT janmrTelobasa da

samsaxurTan dakavSirebiT.

me-7 muxli uzrunvelyofs imas, rom wevrma saxelmwifoebma “ mSromelebi unda

uzrunvelyon im momsaxurebiT, rasac iTvaliswinebs am saxelmwifos sajaro

dasaqmebis sistema”. igi agreTve Seexeba kerZo damsaqmebel saagentoebs, Sso-s # 181

konvenciis mixedviT.

#97 konvencia Seicavs mniSvnelovan debulebebs, romlebic icaven migrant

mSromelebs. magaliTad maT unda hqondeT saTanado samedicino momsaxurebis

misawvdomobis garantia (muxli 5) da neba daerToT sakuTari survilisamebr

moaxdinon sakuTari gamomuSavebuli Tanxis da danazogis gadaricxva. (muxli 9)

#97 konvenciis 8-e muxli krZalavs migrantTa samuSaodan gaTavisuflebas droebiT

samsaxurebrivi uunarobis SemTxvevaSi. es mniSvnelovani debulebaa.

ramdenime ormxrivi SeTanxmeba xelmowerili warmoSobisa da daniSnulebis qveynebs

Soris, gulisxmobs dasaqmebis Sewyvetas (da gaTavisuflebasac) mSromelis mier aiv

visusis/Sidsis an sxva romelime gadamdebi daavadebis SeZenis SemTxvevaSi.

rasakvirvelia, bevri qveyana moiTxovs, rom dasaqmebis msurvelma migrantma

mSromelebma gaiaron aiv/Sidsis savaldebulo Semowmeba an samuSaos pirobebi

iZleodes amgvari Semowmebis Catarebis saSualebas. es warmoadgens adamianis

uflebaTa aSkara darRvevas da ewinaaRmdegeba Sso-s wesdebas aiv/Sidsis Sesaxeb.

amgvari moTxovna #97 konvenciis sawinaaRmdegodac ki SeiZleba CaiTvalos.

“aiv” virusi da saerTaSoriso SromiTi migracia

100-ze meti qveyana ukrZalavs aiv virusis matarebel adamianebs Sevidnen da

darCnen maTi qveynis teritoriaze nebismieri mizeziT. saerTaSoriso mSromel

migrantebs SesaZloa uari eTqvaT qveyanaSi Sesvlaze an deportirebul iqnen,

Tuki maT aiv/Sidsis virusi aRmoaCndebaT.

rodesac aiv virusze Semowmeba xdeba migraciisas Tanxmobis saerTaSorisod

aRiarebuli standartebis mixedviT, konfidencialuroba da oficialuri

rCevebis micema ar warmoadgens aucileblobas.

migranti mSromelebs, romlebic iReben anti-virusul mkurnalobas

daniSnulebis qveynebSi SeuZliaT gaagrZelon deportaciis gamo Sewyvetili

mkurnaloba im SemTxvevaSi Tuki qveyanaSi, romelSic isini brundebian, ver

miiReben aiv momsaxurebas.

mTavari saxelmwifo dadgenilebebi aiv infeqciasTan dakavSirebuli

gadaadgilebis SezRudvebTan dakavSirebiT mdgomareobs imaSi,rom dacul iqnas

sazogadoebrivi janmrTeloba da Tavidan iqnas acilebuli farTo masStabiani

janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli problemebi da sxva qveynis aiv virusis

matarebeli moqalaqeebis mier gamowveuli sxva saxis problemebi. amgvari

SezRudvebisTvis ar arsebobs aranairi samedicino safuZveli. aiv virusi ar

gadaecema Cveulebrivi gziT da yvelas, matarebelia igi Tu ara aiv virusisa,

adgilobrivia Tu ucxoeli,SeuZliaT Tavi daizRvion Semdgomi garTulebebisgan

ufro meti sifrTxilis meSveobiT. maSasadame mogzauroba da migracia aiv

virusis matarebeli pirovnebebis mier ar warmoadgens risk-faqtors

sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobisaTvis.

aiv da saerTaSoriso migraciis politikidan; _ erToblivad warmodgenili

gaero-s,Sso-s da mso-s mier(ivlisi, 2008).

“aiv” virusi da saerTaSoriso SromiTi migracia

100-ze meti qveyana ukrZalavs aiv virusis matarebel adamianebs Sevidnen da

darCnen maTi qveynis teritoriaze nebismieri mizeziT. saerTaSoriso mSromel

migrantebs SesaZloa uari eTqvaT qveyanaSi Sesvlaze an deportirebul iqnen,

Tuki maT aiv/Sidsis virusi aRmoaCndebaT.

rodesac aiv virusze Semowmeba xdeba migraciisas Tanxmobis saerTaSorisod

aRiarebuli standartebis mixedviT, konfidencialuroba da oficialuri

rCevebis micema ar warmoadgens aucileblobas.

migranti mSromelebs, romlebic iReben anti-virusul mkurnalobas

daniSnulebis qveynebSi SeuZliaT gaagrZelon deportaciis gamo Sewyvetili

mkurnaloba im SemTxvevaSi Tuki qveyanaSi, romelSic isini brundebian, ver

miiReben aiv momsaxurebas.

mTavari saxelmwifo dadgenilebebi aiv infeqciasTan dakavSirebuli

gadaadgilebis SezRudvebTan dakavSirebiT mdgomareobs imaSi,rom dacul iqnas

sazogadoebrivi janmrTeloba da Tavidan iqnas acilebuli farTo masStabiani

janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli problemebi da sxva qveynis aiv virusis

matarebeli moqalaqeebis mier gamowveuli sxva saxis problemebi. amgvari

SezRudvebisTvis ar arsebobs aranairi samedicino safuZveli. aiv virusi ar

gadaecema Cveulebrivi gziT da yvelas, matarebelia igi Tu ara aiv virusisa,

adgilobrivia Tu ucxoeli,SeuZliaT Tavi daizRvion Semdgomi garTulebebisgan

ufro meti sifrTxilis meSveobiT. maSasadame mogzauroba da migracia aiv

virusis matarebeli pirovnebebis mier ar warmoadgens risk-faqtors

sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobisaTvis.

aiv da saerTaSoriso migraciis politikidan; _ erToblivad warmodgenili

gaero-s,Sso-s da mso-s mier(ivlisi, 2008).

(http://data.unaids.org/pub/Manual/2008/jc1513_policybrief_labourmigration_en.pdf

aiv da saerTaSoriso SromiTi migracia mokled _ erToblivad warmoebuli gaeros, Sso-s, mso-s mier

(ivlisi 2008) (http://data.unaids.org/pub/Manual/2008/jc1513_policybrief_labourmigration_en.pdf

aiv da saerTaSoriso SromiTi migracia mokled _ erToblivad warmoebuli gaeros, Sso-s, mso-s mier

(ivlisi 2008)

40

40

69

xelismomweri qveynebi 14-e muxlis mixedviT SesaZloa ar daeTanxmon konvenciis sami

danarTidan erT-erT an yvela danarTs. pirveli ori danarTi Seexeba organizebul

migracias dasaqmebis mizniT. es danarTebi Seicaven mniSvnelovan debulebebs.

magaliTad 1-li danarTis me-5 muxli da 2-e danarTis me-6 muxli adgens debulebebs

migranti mSromelebisTvis,raTa maT miiRon momavali samuSaos aRweris werilobiTi

dokumenti, sanam isini datoveben warmoSobis qveyanas. 1-li danarTis me-3 muxlSi

saubaria saxelmwifoTa mier ganxorcielebul zedamxedvelobaze, raTa

uzrunvelyofil iqnas procesebis kanonTan Sesabamisoba. me-3 danarTi ufro zogadi

xasiaTisaa da Seexeba rogorc organizebul. aseve spontanuri xasiTis migracias.

#97 konvencias Tan axlavs #86 rekomendacia. rekomendaciebi ar warmoadgenen

ratifikaciis sagans da Sesabamisad ar arian savaldebulo xasiaTis dokumentebi.

rekomendaciebi Tan axlavs konvencias da warmoadgenen sasargeblo saxelmZRvanelo

principebs Tu rogor Sesruldes konvencia an rogor iqnas interpretirebuli

konvenciis esa Tu is debuleba.

konvenciis me-8-e muxlze TandarTuli rekomendacia #86 Seicavs debulebebs,

romelic mimarTulia migranti mSromelebis dacvisken. rekomendaciis me-18 paragrafi

acxadebs,rom “rodesac dasaqmebis maZiebeli migranti Cveulebriv daSvebulia wevri

saxelmwifos teritoriaze, zemoTaRniSnulma wevrma qveyanam ramdenadac

SesaZlebelia Tavi unda Seikavos am pirovnebis an misi ojaxis wevrebis iZulebiT

gadaadgilebisagan am pirovnebis garkveuli uunarobis safuZvelze an dasaqmebis

bazarze arsebuli mdgomareobis gamo, garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesac SeTanxmeba

ideba emigraciisa da imigraciis kompetentur warmomadgenlobebs Soris

zemoTaRniSnuli teritoriebis farglebSi.

# 143 konvenciis sruli saxelia “konvencia migraciis Seuracxmyofel pirobebSi

arsebobis Sesaxeb da migranti mSromelebisadmi Tanabari SesaZleblobis Seqmnisa da

midgomis mxardaWera”. konvencia Sedgeba sami nawilisagan da mTavrobebs SeuZliaT

gadawyviton gamoricxon Tu ara dokumentis 1-li an 2-e nawili maT mier

ratificirebis dros.

pirveli nawili moicavs muxlebs 1-lidan me-9 muxlamde da ayalibebs saerTaSoriso

sazogadoebis pirvel mcdelobas araregularul migraciasTan dakavSirebiT raTa

mowesrigdes igi uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomidan gamomdinare.

maSasadame,muxli 1 adgens wevri saxelmwifoebis ZiriTad valdebulebebs,rom pativi

unda scen yvela migranti mSromelis ZiriTad adamianis uflebebs. sxvagvarad rom

vTqvaT yvela migranti mSromelis uflebebi,miuxedavad maTi statusisa dacul unda

iqnes. mizans warmoadgens saxelmwifos mier migrantTa talRis regulirebis

uflebebTan erTad migrant mSromelTa uflebebis dacva, imisda miuxedavad, isini

Sedian da rCebian saxelmwifoSi marTlzomier safuZvelze, oficialuri

dokumentebiT Tu mis gareSe. Sso-s eqspertTa komitetis Tanaxmad,es muxli Seexeba

adamianis fundamentur uflebebs, rac warmodgenilia am sferoSi gaero-s mier

miRebul saerTaSoriso dokumentebSi (ix. gv. 65) da Seicavs Sso-s “Sromis

fundamenturi principebisa da uflebebis deklaracia”-Si warmodgenil mSromelTa

fundamentur uflebebs,romelic miRebul iqna Sromis saerTaSoriso konferenciaze

1998 wlis 18 ivniss. Sso-s deklaracia Semdegnairad ayalibebes am uflebebs me-2

paragrafSi: a) Sekrebis Tavisufleba da koleqtiuri molaparakebis uflebis

aRiareba; b) iZulebiT da savaldebulo Sromis yvela formis aRmofxvra; g) bavSvTa

Sromis aRmofxvra da d) dasaqmebisa da ganaTlebis sferos mixedviT yovelgvari

diskriminaciis aRmofxvra. (ix. gv. 75)

migracia dasaqmebis mizniT,rekomendaciebi(Sesworebuli) 1949 (#86)

adamianis ZiriTadi uflebebi

migranti mSromelebi (damatebiTi debulebebi) konvencia,1975 (#143)

xelismomweri qveynebi 14-e muxlis mixedviT SesaZloa ar daeTanxmon konvenciis sami

danarTidan erT-erT an yvela danarTs. pirveli ori danarTi Seexeba organizebul

migracias dasaqmebis mizniT. es danarTebi Seicaven mniSvnelovan debulebebs.

magaliTad 1-li danarTis me-5 muxli da 2-e danarTis me-6 muxli adgens debulebebs

migranti mSromelebisTvis,raTa maT miiRon momavali samuSaos aRweris werilobiTi

dokumenti, sanam isini datoveben warmoSobis qveyanas. 1-li danarTis me-3 muxlSi

saubaria saxelmwifoTa mier ganxorcielebul zedamxedvelobaze, raTa

uzrunvelyofil iqnas procesebis kanonTan Sesabamisoba. me-3 danarTi ufro zogadi

xasiaTisaa da Seexeba rogorc organizebul. aseve spontanuri xasiTis migracias.

#97 konvencias Tan axlavs #86 rekomendacia. rekomendaciebi ar warmoadgenen

ratifikaciis sagans da Sesabamisad ar arian savaldebulo xasiaTis dokumentebi.

rekomendaciebi Tan axlavs konvencias da warmoadgenen sasargeblo saxelmZRvanelo

principebs Tu rogor Sesruldes konvencia an rogor iqnas interpretirebuli

konvenciis esa Tu is debuleba.

konvenciis me-8-e muxlze TandarTuli rekomendacia #86 Seicavs debulebebs,

romelic mimarTulia migranti mSromelebis dacvisken. rekomendaciis me-18 paragrafi

acxadebs,rom “rodesac dasaqmebis maZiebeli migranti Cveulebriv daSvebulia wevri

saxelmwifos teritoriaze, zemoTaRniSnulma wevrma qveyanam ramdenadac

SesaZlebelia Tavi unda Seikavos am pirovnebis an misi ojaxis wevrebis iZulebiT

gadaadgilebisagan am pirovnebis garkveuli uunarobis safuZvelze an dasaqmebis

bazarze arsebuli mdgomareobis gamo, garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesac SeTanxmeba

ideba emigraciisa da imigraciis kompetentur warmomadgenlobebs Soris

zemoTaRniSnuli teritoriebis farglebSi.

# 143 konvenciis sruli saxelia “konvencia migraciis Seuracxmyofel pirobebSi

arsebobis Sesaxeb da migranti mSromelebisadmi Tanabari SesaZleblobis Seqmnisa da

midgomis mxardaWera”. konvencia Sedgeba sami nawilisagan da mTavrobebs SeuZliaT

gadawyviton gamoricxon Tu ara dokumentis 1-li an 2-e nawili maT mier

ratificirebis dros.

pirveli nawili moicavs muxlebs 1-lidan me-9 muxlamde da ayalibebs saerTaSoriso

sazogadoebis pirvel mcdelobas araregularul migraciasTan dakavSirebiT raTa

mowesrigdes igi uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomidan gamomdinare.

maSasadame,muxli 1 adgens wevri saxelmwifoebis ZiriTad valdebulebebs,rom pativi

unda scen yvela migranti mSromelis ZiriTad adamianis uflebebs. sxvagvarad rom

vTqvaT yvela migranti mSromelis uflebebi,miuxedavad maTi statusisa dacul unda

iqnes. mizans warmoadgens saxelmwifos mier migrantTa talRis regulirebis

uflebebTan erTad migrant mSromelTa uflebebis dacva, imisda miuxedavad, isini

Sedian da rCebian saxelmwifoSi marTlzomier safuZvelze, oficialuri

dokumentebiT Tu mis gareSe. Sso-s eqspertTa komitetis Tanaxmad,es muxli Seexeba

adamianis fundamentur uflebebs, rac warmodgenilia am sferoSi gaero-s mier

miRebul saerTaSoriso dokumentebSi (ix. gv. 65) da Seicavs Sso-s “Sromis

fundamenturi principebisa da uflebebis deklaracia”-Si warmodgenil mSromelTa

fundamentur uflebebs,romelic miRebul iqna Sromis saerTaSoriso konferenciaze

1998 wlis 18 ivniss. Sso-s deklaracia Semdegnairad ayalibebes am uflebebs me-2

paragrafSi: a) Sekrebis Tavisufleba da koleqtiuri molaparakebis uflebis

aRiareba; b) iZulebiT da savaldebulo Sromis yvela formis aRmofxvra; g) bavSvTa

Sromis aRmofxvra da d) dasaqmebisa da ganaTlebis sferos mixedviT yovelgvari

diskriminaciis aRmofxvra. (ix. gv. 75)

migracia dasaqmebis mizniT,rekomendaciebi(Sesworebuli) 1949 (#86)

adamianis ZiriTadi uflebebi

migranti mSromelebi (damatebiTi debulebebi) konvencia,1975 (#143)


me

-5

Ta

vi

70


#143 konvenciis 2-e da 3-e muxlebi mouwodebs wevr saxelmwifoebs monawileoba

miiRon da iTanamSromlon migrantTa aralegaluri gadaadgilebis winaaRmdeg. aq

yuradReba eqceva im faqts, rom xSir SemTxvevaSi mSromelTa damsaqmeblebi unda

daisajon da ara Tavad mSromelebi. Sso-s eqspertTa komitetma daaskvna, rom

“sanqciebi araregularul situaciaSi myofi mSromelebis mimarT, Zalian farTo

masStabiania,rogorc gamomgzavni, aseve mimRebi qveynis SemTxvevaSi. unda iTqvas,rom

sanqciebi damsaqmebelebis winaaRmdeg faqtiurad Zalian mcirea,deportaciebTan da

sxva RonisZiebebTan SedarebiT, romlebic xorcieldeba migranti mSromelebis

mimarT.

wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris TanamSromloba, rasac konvencia uzrunvelyofs, 4-e

muxlis mixedviT SesaZlebels xdis gasamarTldnen trefikingis organizatorebi im

qveyanaSi, sadac isini axorcieleben TavianT saqmianobas. es warmoadgens ramdenime

saxelmwifos mier adre miRebuli kanonmdeblobis msgavs ideas, romelic Seicavda

“eqsta-teritoriul” debulebebs, konkretulad trefikingTan da pedofiliasTan

dakavSirebul sakiTxebs, rac uflebas ar aZlevda saxelmwifos devna

ganexorcielebina,Tuki danaSauli misi teritoriis farglebs gareT iyo Cadenili.

socialuri partniorobis ganxilva warmodgenilia konvenciis me-7 muxlSi, rac

uzrunvelyofs damsaqmeblebs da profkavSirebis organizaciebs SromiTi migraciis

sferoSi Seuracxmyofeli pirobebis winaaRmdeg erTobliv brZolas.

konvenciis I nawili aseve adgens garkveul damcav RonisZiebebs im migrantebisTvis,

romlebmac dakarges samsaxuri. am mimarTebiT,8-e muxli gansazRvravs _ “pirveli: im

pirobiT, rom migranti cxovrobs garkveul teritoriaze legalurad dasaqmebis

mizniT, migranti ar unda CaiTvalos aralegalad samuSaos droebiT dakargvis gamo,

rac ar gulisxmobs mis mier sacxovrebel adgilze nebarTvis arqonas” da “meore:

Sesabamisad, mas eqneba Tanabari mopyrobisa da dacvis garkveuli garantiebi,

alternatiuli dasaqmebis SesaZleblobebi,damxmare Sroma da gadamzadeba.

aralegalur mdgomareobaSi myof migrant mSromelebTan dakavSirebiT konvenciis 9-e

muxlSi vkiTxulobT: “migrantTa dasaqmebis mizniT gadaadgilebisTvis dadgenili

RonisZiebebi akontroleben migrant mSromelTa gadaadgilebas, uzrunvelyofen ra,

rom qveynis teritoriaze Semavali migranti daSvebuli iqneba dasaqmebisTvis

Sesabamisi kanonebisa da dadgenilebebis Tanaxmad. im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac es

kanonebi da dadgenilebebi ar iqneba Sesrulebuli da roca mSromelis pozicia ar

SeiZleba daregulirdes, mSromelebs SeeZlebaT isargeblon Tanabari mopyrobiT

maTTvis da maTi ojaxis wevrebisTvis adrindeli dasaqmebis uflebebidan

gamomdinare, maT Soris saTanado anazRaurebiT, socialuri garantiebiT da sxva

SeRavaTebiT”. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, migrant mSromels, romelic axorcielebs

samuSaos,Tundac aralegalur mdgomareobaSi, aqvs ufleba miiRos anazRaureba rac

ekuTvnis gaweuli samuSaosTvis,iseve rogorc legaluri statusis mqone migrantma.

dokumentebis armqone migrant mSromelTa uflebebi

#143 konvenciis 2-e da 3-e muxlebi mouwodebs wevr saxelmwifoebs monawileoba

miiRon da iTanamSromlon migrantTa aralegaluri gadaadgilebis winaaRmdeg. aq

yuradReba eqceva im faqts, rom xSir SemTxvevaSi mSromelTa damsaqmeblebi unda

daisajon da ara Tavad mSromelebi. Sso-s eqspertTa komitetma daaskvna, rom

“sanqciebi araregularul situaciaSi myofi mSromelebis mimarT, Zalian farTo

masStabiania,rogorc gamomgzavni, aseve mimRebi qveynis SemTxvevaSi. unda iTqvas,rom

sanqciebi damsaqmebelebis winaaRmdeg faqtiurad Zalian mcirea,deportaciebTan da

sxva RonisZiebebTan SedarebiT, romlebic xorcieldeba migranti mSromelebis

mimarT.

wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris TanamSromloba, rasac konvencia uzrunvelyofs, 4-e

muxlis mixedviT SesaZlebels xdis gasamarTldnen trefikingis organizatorebi im

qveyanaSi, sadac isini axorcieleben TavianT saqmianobas. es warmoadgens ramdenime

saxelmwifos mier adre miRebuli kanonmdeblobis msgavs ideas, romelic Seicavda

“eqsta-teritoriul” debulebebs, konkretulad trefikingTan da pedofiliasTan

dakavSirebul sakiTxebs, rac uflebas ar aZlevda saxelmwifos devna

ganexorcielebina,Tuki danaSauli misi teritoriis farglebs gareT iyo Cadenili.

socialuri partniorobis ganxilva warmodgenilia konvenciis me-7 muxlSi, rac

uzrunvelyofs damsaqmeblebs da profkavSirebis organizaciebs SromiTi migraciis

sferoSi Seuracxmyofeli pirobebis winaaRmdeg erTobliv brZolas.

konvenciis I nawili aseve adgens garkveul damcav RonisZiebebs im migrantebisTvis,

romlebmac dakarges samsaxuri. am mimarTebiT,8-e muxli gansazRvravs _ “pirveli: im

pirobiT, rom migranti cxovrobs garkveul teritoriaze legalurad dasaqmebis

mizniT, migranti ar unda CaiTvalos aralegalad samuSaos droebiT dakargvis gamo,

rac ar gulisxmobs mis mier sacxovrebel adgilze nebarTvis arqonas” da “meore:

Sesabamisad, mas eqneba Tanabari mopyrobisa da dacvis garkveuli garantiebi,

alternatiuli dasaqmebis SesaZleblobebi,damxmare Sroma da gadamzadeba.

aralegalur mdgomareobaSi myof migrant mSromelebTan dakavSirebiT konvenciis 9-e

muxlSi vkiTxulobT: “migrantTa dasaqmebis mizniT gadaadgilebisTvis dadgenili

RonisZiebebi akontroleben migrant mSromelTa gadaadgilebas, uzrunvelyofen ra,

rom qveynis teritoriaze Semavali migranti daSvebuli iqneba dasaqmebisTvis

Sesabamisi kanonebisa da dadgenilebebis Tanaxmad. im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac es

kanonebi da dadgenilebebi ar iqneba Sesrulebuli da roca mSromelis pozicia ar

SeiZleba daregulirdes, mSromelebs SeeZlebaT isargeblon Tanabari mopyrobiT

maTTvis da maTi ojaxis wevrebisTvis adrindeli dasaqmebis uflebebidan

gamomdinare, maT Soris saTanado anazRaurebiT, socialuri garantiebiT da sxva

SeRavaTebiT”. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, migrant mSromels, romelic axorcielebs

samuSaos,Tundac aralegalur mdgomareobaSi, aqvs ufleba miiRos anazRaureba rac

ekuTvnis gaweuli samuSaosTvis,iseve rogorc legaluri statusis mqone migrantma.

dokumentebis armqone migrant mSromelTa uflebebi

71

konvencia # 143; nawili II: Tanabari SesaZleblobebi

konvencia # 143; nawili II. Seexeba mxolod legaluri statusis mqone SromiT migrantebs.

konvencia # 97 miznad isaxavs moispos mopyrobis uTanasworoba legaluri statusis

mqone migrant mSromelebs da adgilobriv mSromelebs Soris,xolo #143 konvenciis

II nawili agreTve cdilobs miRweul iqnas “SesaZleblobebis Tanasworoba”,rac imas

niSnavs, rom es nawili miznad isaxavs diskriminaciis aRmofxvras konkretuli

RonisZiebebis SeTavazebis saSualebiT,rac uzrunvelyofs Tanasworobas.

#143 konvenciis 10-e muxli exeba socialur usafrTxoebas, profkavSirebs da

kulturul uflebebs.

muxli 14 acxadebs, rom migrant mSromels SeuZlia Seicvalos damsaqmebeli, sul

mcire ori wlis gasvlis Semdeg. es aris mniSvnelovani saSualeba Seuracxmyofeli

pirobebis da damqiravebelTan ufro meti vadiT darCenisagan Tavidan asacileblad,

rac saSualebas aZlevs damsaqmebels ganaxorcielos zewola mis mier daqiravebul

pirze, samuSaos Sewyvetis an kontraqtis ganuaxleblobis muqariT, romlis drosac

mSromelma SesaZloa dakargos sacxovrebeli nebarTva, iZulebuli gaxdes datovos

qveyana an daemuqros deportacia.

13-e muxlis mixedviT konvenciis wevr saxelmwifoebs moeTxovebaT xeli Seuwyon maT

teritoriaze legalurad myofi migranti mSromelebis ojaxebis xelaxal SeerTebas.

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom #143 konvenciis muxli 9 (4) uzrunvelyofs, rom “am konvenciis

mixedviT, wevr saxelmwifoebs araferi uSliT xels miscen ufleba maTi qveynis

teritoriaze aralegalurad momuSave da mcxovreb mSromelebs legalurad yofnis

da dasaqmebisa”. qveynebi, rogorc wesi ukidures sifrTxiles iCenen aralegalur

situaciaSi myofi mSromelebis legalizebis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT. Sso-s

mravalmxrivi CarCo midgomis ganxilvisas,romelic SromiT migracias Seexeba,naTeli

gaxda, rom qveynebi miiCnevdnen migraciis regulirebas uflebad. yvela SemTxvevaSi,

#143 konvenciis debulebebi aris deklaraciuli xasiaTis, romelic ar moiTxovs

xelismomweri qveynebis mier gaweul specifikur RonisZiebebs, magram konvenciis

Tanmxlebi rekomendacia #151 gvTavazobs, rom gadawyvetileba migranti mSromelis

mdgomareobis regularizaciis Sesaxeb swrafad unda iqnas miRebuli da amis Semdeg

mSromelma unda isargeblos wevri saxelmwifos teritoriaze kanonierad

aRiarebuli mSromelisadmi miniWebuli yvela uflebiT.

Sso-s eqspertTa komitetis mier Catarebuli gamokvlevidan mTavrobebis moxsenebebze

#151 rekomendaciasTan dakavSirebiT, ar aRmoCnda siZneleebi rekomendaciebis

ganacxadebSi am sakiTxebze. komitetma aRniSna,rom migrant mSromelebs zogjer aqvT

neba aralegalurad dasaqmdnen mravali wlis manZilze da araviTari gadawyvetileba

maTi statusis Sesaxeb ar iqnas miRebuli. es tovebs maT mudmivi gaukvevlobis

mdgomareobaSi da gamomdinare aqedan metia imis albaToba, rom maT muSaobis

Seuracxmyofeli pirobebi SeeqmnaT. amgvari situaciis Tavidan asarideblad,

komitetma xazi gausva aralegalur pirobebSi myofi mSromelebis aRmoCenis da maTi

mdgomareobis regulirebis mniSvnelobas. migranti mSromelebis aralegaluri

dasaqmeba nawilobriv gamomdinareobs saxelmwifoTa mxridan am sakiTxisadmi

garkveulad tolerantuli damokidebulebiT. arsebuli procedurebis

Tanamimdevrobis neli tempi da saxelmwifoTa uunaroba droulad da efeqturad

gamoavlinon maT teritoriaze aralegalurad dasaqmebuli mSromelebi, ar unda

exebodes mxolod aralegalur situaciaSi myof migrant mSromelebs _ acxadeben

Sso-s eqspertTa komitetSi. Tumca am dokumentebSi ar aris warmodgenili

dawvrilebiTi aRwera. komiteti miiCnevda,rom rogorc samarTlianoba moiTxovs, ama

Tu im qveyanam cal-calke unda Seiswalos TiToeuli aralegalurad mcxovrebi

migrantis mdgomareoba,romlebic garkveuli drois manZilze cxovrobdnen qveyanaSi

da ganixilon maTTvis qveyanaSi cxovrebis uflebis miniWebis SesaZlebloba.

ojaxuri reunificireba

konvencia # 143; nawili II: Tanabari SesaZleblobebi

konvencia # 143; nawili II. Seexeba mxolod legaluri statusis mqone SromiT migrantebs.

konvencia # 97 miznad isaxavs moispos mopyrobis uTanasworoba legaluri statusis

mqone migrant mSromelebs da adgilobriv mSromelebs Soris,xolo #143 konvenciis

II nawili agreTve cdilobs miRweul iqnas “SesaZleblobebis Tanasworoba”,rac imas

niSnavs, rom es nawili miznad isaxavs diskriminaciis aRmofxvras konkretuli

RonisZiebebis SeTavazebis saSualebiT,rac uzrunvelyofs Tanasworobas.

#143 konvenciis 10-e muxli exeba socialur usafrTxoebas, profkavSirebs da

kulturul uflebebs.

muxli 14 acxadebs, rom migrant mSromels SeuZlia Seicvalos damsaqmebeli, sul

mcire ori wlis gasvlis Semdeg. es aris mniSvnelovani saSualeba Seuracxmyofeli

pirobebis da damqiravebelTan ufro meti vadiT darCenisagan Tavidan asacileblad,

rac saSualebas aZlevs damsaqmebels ganaxorcielos zewola mis mier daqiravebul

pirze, samuSaos Sewyvetis an kontraqtis ganuaxleblobis muqariT, romlis drosac

mSromelma SesaZloa dakargos sacxovrebeli nebarTva, iZulebuli gaxdes datovos

qveyana an daemuqros deportacia.

13-e muxlis mixedviT konvenciis wevr saxelmwifoebs moeTxovebaT xeli Seuwyon maT

teritoriaze legalurad myofi migranti mSromelebis ojaxebis xelaxal SeerTebas.

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom #143 konvenciis muxli 9 (4) uzrunvelyofs, rom “am konvenciis

mixedviT, wevr saxelmwifoebs araferi uSliT xels miscen ufleba maTi qveynis

teritoriaze aralegalurad momuSave da mcxovreb mSromelebs legalurad yofnis

da dasaqmebisa”. qveynebi, rogorc wesi ukidures sifrTxiles iCenen aralegalur

situaciaSi myofi mSromelebis legalizebis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT. Sso-s

mravalmxrivi CarCo midgomis ganxilvisas,romelic SromiT migracias Seexeba,naTeli

gaxda, rom qveynebi miiCnevdnen migraciis regulirebas uflebad. yvela SemTxvevaSi,

#143 konvenciis debulebebi aris deklaraciuli xasiaTis, romelic ar moiTxovs

xelismomweri qveynebis mier gaweul specifikur RonisZiebebs, magram konvenciis

Tanmxlebi rekomendacia #151 gvTavazobs, rom gadawyvetileba migranti mSromelis

mdgomareobis regularizaciis Sesaxeb swrafad unda iqnas miRebuli da amis Semdeg

mSromelma unda isargeblos wevri saxelmwifos teritoriaze kanonierad

aRiarebuli mSromelisadmi miniWebuli yvela uflebiT.

Sso-s eqspertTa komitetis mier Catarebuli gamokvlevidan mTavrobebis moxsenebebze

#151 rekomendaciasTan dakavSirebiT, ar aRmoCnda siZneleebi rekomendaciebis

ganacxadebSi am sakiTxebze. komitetma aRniSna,rom migrant mSromelebs zogjer aqvT

neba aralegalurad dasaqmdnen mravali wlis manZilze da araviTari gadawyvetileba

maTi statusis Sesaxeb ar iqnas miRebuli. es tovebs maT mudmivi gaukvevlobis

mdgomareobaSi da gamomdinare aqedan metia imis albaToba, rom maT muSaobis

Seuracxmyofeli pirobebi SeeqmnaT. amgvari situaciis Tavidan asarideblad,

komitetma xazi gausva aralegalur pirobebSi myofi mSromelebis aRmoCenis da maTi

mdgomareobis regulirebis mniSvnelobas. migranti mSromelebis aralegaluri

dasaqmeba nawilobriv gamomdinareobs saxelmwifoTa mxridan am sakiTxisadmi

garkveulad tolerantuli damokidebulebiT. arsebuli procedurebis

Tanamimdevrobis neli tempi da saxelmwifoTa uunaroba droulad da efeqturad

gamoavlinon maT teritoriaze aralegalurad dasaqmebuli mSromelebi, ar unda

exebodes mxolod aralegalur situaciaSi myof migrant mSromelebs _ acxadeben

Sso-s eqspertTa komitetSi. Tumca am dokumentebSi ar aris warmodgenili

dawvrilebiTi aRwera. komiteti miiCnevda,rom rogorc samarTlianoba moiTxovs, ama

Tu im qveyanam cal-calke unda Seiswalos TiToeuli aralegalurad mcxovrebi

migrantis mdgomareoba,romlebic garkveuli drois manZilze cxovrobdnen qveyanaSi

da ganixilon maTTvis qveyanaSi cxovrebis uflebis miniWebis SesaZlebloba.

ojaxuri reunificireba


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rekomendaciebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb 1975 (#151)

rekomendacia #151 Sedgeba sami nawilisagan. I nawili Seexeba konkretul

RonisZiebebs Tanabari midgomisa da SesaZleblobebis garantiebis Sesaxeb. igi

adasturebs migranti mSromelebis uflebebs, aralegalurad mcxovreb migrantTa

CaTvliT, SeuerTdnen arsebul profkavSirul organizaciebs an daarson TavianTi

profesiuli kavSirebi. es rekomendacia mouwodebs saTanado organoebs uzrunvelyon

aralegalurad mcxovreb migrantTa informireba maTi statusis dadgenisTanave.

deportaciis SemTxvevaSi, migrants ar moeTxoveba deportaciasTan dakavSirebuli

xarjebis dafarva.

rekomendaciebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb 1975 (#151)

rekomendacia #151 Sedgeba sami nawilisagan. I nawili Seexeba konkretul

RonisZiebebs Tanabari midgomisa da SesaZleblobebis garantiebis Sesaxeb. igi

adasturebs migranti mSromelebis uflebebs, aralegalurad mcxovreb migrantTa

CaTvliT, SeuerTdnen arsebul profkavSirul organizaciebs an daarson TavianTi

profesiuli kavSirebi. es rekomendacia mouwodebs saTanado organoebs uzrunvelyon

aralegalurad mcxovreb migrantTa informireba maTi statusis dadgenisTanave.

deportaciis SemTxvevaSi, migrants ar moeTxoveba deportaciasTan dakavSirebuli

xarjebis dafarva.

regularizaciis SemTxveva _ magaliTi gaerTianebuli samefodan

oficialurma pirebma ganacxades, rom gaerTianebul samefos araregularuli

migranti mosaxleoba aRemateba 570 000-s. igi ramdenime gansxvavebul kategorias

Seicavs, maT Soris, qveyanaSi farulad myof da trefikingis msxverpl pirebs,

TavSesafris warumatebel maZieblebs da vadiT daSvebulze meti xniT darCenil

adamianebs. rac yvela maTgans saerTo aqvT aris is, rom isini Semovidnen da

darCnen gaerTianebul samefoSi aralegaluri meTodebiT, saemigracio

procedurebis gavlis gareSe.

cxovroben ra deportaciis mudmivi SiSiT,isini imyofebian sakuTari uflebebis

gamyarebis SesaZleblobis gareSe da warmoadgenen mosaxleobis yvelaze

warumatebel segments.

“regularizacia” ewodeba process,romelic saSualebas miscems am jgufs miiRon

nebarTva regulirebuli imigraciis farglebSi, gaTavisufldnen deportaciis

SiSisagan,ukeT ecadon sakuTari uflebebis realizebas da metad iyvnen daculni

eqspluataciisagan. “regularizacia” gansxvavdeba amnistiisagan, radganac es

marTuli procesia.

am wels gamoTvlil iqna, rom regularizacias, adre dakarguli gadasaxadebis

SekrebiT, erovnuli sadazRvevo SenatanebiTa da sxva yovelwliuri

gadasaxadebiT SeuZlia xazinaSi Seitanos 2 miliardi amerikuli dolari

weliwadSi. es SeiZleba Sedarebul iqnas mTeli araregularuli migranti

mosaxleobis deportaciis potenciur TanxasTan 9.4 miliard aSS dolarTan.

“erToblivi sabWo migrantTa keTildReobisaTvis” mier Catarebuli brifingidan

(esmr; JCWI) www.jcwi.org.uk

regularizaciis SemTxveva _ magaliTi gaerTianebuli samefodan

oficialurma pirebma ganacxades, rom gaerTianebul samefos araregularuli

migranti mosaxleoba aRemateba 570 000-s. igi ramdenime gansxvavebul kategorias

Seicavs, maT Soris, qveyanaSi farulad myof da trefikingis msxverpl pirebs,

TavSesafris warumatebel maZieblebs da vadiT daSvebulze meti xniT darCenil

adamianebs. rac yvela maTgans saerTo aqvT aris is, rom isini Semovidnen da

darCnen gaerTianebul samefoSi aralegaluri meTodebiT, saemigracio

procedurebis gavlis gareSe.

cxovroben ra deportaciis mudmivi SiSiT,isini imyofebian sakuTari uflebebis

gamyarebis SesaZleblobis gareSe da warmoadgenen mosaxleobis yvelaze

warumatebel segments.

“regularizacia” ewodeba process,romelic saSualebas miscems am jgufs miiRon

nebarTva regulirebuli imigraciis farglebSi, gaTavisufldnen deportaciis

SiSisagan,ukeT ecadon sakuTari uflebebis realizebas da metad iyvnen daculni

eqspluataciisagan. “regularizacia” gansxvavdeba amnistiisagan, radganac es

marTuli procesia.

am wels gamoTvlil iqna, rom regularizacias, adre dakarguli gadasaxadebis

SekrebiT, erovnuli sadazRvevo SenatanebiTa da sxva yovelwliuri

gadasaxadebiT SeuZlia xazinaSi Seitanos 2 miliardi amerikuli dolari

weliwadSi. es SeiZleba Sedarebul iqnas mTeli araregularuli migranti

mosaxleobis deportaciis potenciur TanxasTan 9.4 miliard aSS dolarTan.

“erToblivi sabWo migrantTa keTildReobisaTvis” mier Catarebuli brifingidan

(esmr; JCWI) www.jcwi.org.uk

73

usafrTxoeba da janmrTeloba

minimaluri dacva

paragrafi 34 adgens:

rekomendacia # 151-is II nawili Seexeba sazogadoebriv politikas, ufro zustad

usafrTxoebisa da janmrTelobis sakiTxebs. es Zalian mniSvnelovani sakiTxia,

ramdenadac 6 000 mSromels Soris, romlebic yoveldRiurad iRupebian samuSaosTan

dakavSirebuli SemTxvevebisa da daavadebebis Sedegad, arian migranti mSromelebic,

aralegalurad mcxovrebi migrantebis CaTvliT. samuSao pirobebis mxriv yvelaze

ufro metad safrTxis Semcvel sferoebs warmoadgenen (soflis meurneoba _ 335 000

fataluri SemTxveviT yovel wels, mSeneblobebi 55 000 fataluri SemTxveva

yovelwliurad) is sferoebi sadac migrant mSromelTa didi nawilia dasaqmebuli.

rekomendaciis 21-e da 22-e paragrafebi Seexeba usafrTxoebisa da janmrTelobis

prevenciul aspeqtebs. 21-e paragrafSi vkiTxulobT: “yvela RonisZieba unda iqnas

gamoyenebuli, raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnas profesiuli usafrTxoebisaTvis

instruqciebis miReba migranti mSromelebis mier,maTi praqtikuli treningisa da sxva

samuSaosTvis momzadebasTan kavSirSi”

rekomendaciis III nawili Seexeba im zomebis miRebas, romlebic uzrunvelyofen

minimalur dacvas samuSaos dakargvis an maspinZeli qveynidan gamoZevebisa da

gamomgzavrebis SemTxvevaSi. paragrafi 33 da 34 iZleva zemoTxsenebuli sakiTxis

axsna da warmoagdens saintereso saxelmZRvanelo principebs am midgomebisTvis.

maTSi vkiTxulobT: “ migrant mSromels, romelsac samuSaodan aTavisufleben, unda

hqondes gasaCivrebis ufleba saTanado administarciul an iuridiul uwyebaSi,

erovnuli kanonisa da dadgenilebebiT gansazRvruli pirobebis mixedviT. am

gasaCivrebam SesaZloa SeaCeros gaTavisuflebis brZaneba, erovnuli usafrTxoebisa

da sajaro wesrigis saTanado moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT. migrant mSromelebs

unda hqondeT samarTleblivi daxmarebis iseTive ufleba, rogorc adgilobriv

mSromelebs da Tarjimnis daxmarebis SesaZlebloba.

(1) migrant mSromels, romelic tovebs dasaqmebis qveyanas misi iq yofnis

statusis miuxedavad unda mieniWos a) saTanado anazRaurebis ufleba gaweuli

samsaxurisTvis; b) SeRavaTebi, rolebic SeiZleba Seexebodes raime saxis

sawarmoo travmas; g) erovnuli praqtikis mixedviT _ e) kompensacia kuTvnili

uqme dReebis gamouyeneblobis SemTxveveaSi; v) nebismieri socialuri

usafrTxoebiT sargebloba erovnuli kanonisa Tu wesdebis an saerTaSoriso

SeTanxmebis mixedviT, romelic uzrunvelyofs imas, rom im SemTxvevaSo

rodesac socialuri usafrTxoeba ar iZleva SeRavaTebiT sargeblobis

saSualebas, yvela zoma unda iqnas miRebuli ormxrivi Tu mravalmxrivi

SeTanxmebebis debulebebis Tanaxmad migrantTa uflebebis dasacavad.

(2) am paragrafis pirvel qve-paragrafSi moxseniebuli romelime sakiTxis

wamoWrisas,mSromels unda SeeZlos sakuTari interesebis dacva kompetenturi

organos winaSe da gaaCndes Tanabari uflebebi, rogorc adgilobriv

mSromelebs legaluri daxmarebis sakiTxSi”

faqtiurad, rogorc aRmoCnda Sso-s ori konvencia da misi Tanmxlebi rekomendaciebi

Seexeba bevrs sakiTxs SromiTi migraciis Sesaxeb da warmoadgens miukerZoebel

pasuxebs profesiuli kavSirebis mier gamoTqmul bevr sakiTxze. maSin roca isini

mTavrobebisgan iniciativebs iTxoven,am dokumentTa dabali xarisxiT ratificirebas

meti saerTo aqvs ganviTarebis araswor ZalisxmevasTan, vidre mTavrobis

ugulisyurobasTan CaerTon migraciis politikis ganviTarebis sakiTxSi. maSasadame

rekomendaciebi warmoadgenen garkveul siZneleebs mTavrobisaTvis. # 97 konvenciis

SemTxvevaSi am sakiTxze citirebul debulebas warmoadgens 6-e muxlSi

warmodgenili Tanabari midgomis principi (ufro zustad, is Seexeba socialur

usafrTxoebas) da muxli 8 aris sacxovrebeli uflebis Sesaxeb Sromis uunarobis

SemTxvevaSi. konvencia # 143-is muxli 8 (dacva samsaxuris dakargvis SemTxvevaSi),

muxli 10 (SesaZleblobebis da midgomis Tanasworoba) da muxli 14 (a) (migranti

mSromelebis geografiuli da profesiuli mobilurobis ufleba) ufro siZneleebis

warmomqmneli Cans mTavrobebisTvis.

usafrTxoeba da janmrTeloba

minimaluri dacva

paragrafi 34 adgens:

rekomendacia # 151-is II nawili Seexeba sazogadoebriv politikas, ufro zustad

usafrTxoebisa da janmrTelobis sakiTxebs. es Zalian mniSvnelovani sakiTxia,

ramdenadac 6 000 mSromels Soris, romlebic yoveldRiurad iRupebian samuSaosTan

dakavSirebuli SemTxvevebisa da daavadebebis Sedegad, arian migranti mSromelebic,

aralegalurad mcxovrebi migrantebis CaTvliT. samuSao pirobebis mxriv yvelaze

ufro metad safrTxis Semcvel sferoebs warmoadgenen (soflis meurneoba _ 335 000

fataluri SemTxveviT yovel wels, mSeneblobebi 55 000 fataluri SemTxveva

yovelwliurad) is sferoebi sadac migrant mSromelTa didi nawilia dasaqmebuli.

rekomendaciis 21-e da 22-e paragrafebi Seexeba usafrTxoebisa da janmrTelobis

prevenciul aspeqtebs. 21-e paragrafSi vkiTxulobT: “yvela RonisZieba unda iqnas

gamoyenebuli, raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnas profesiuli usafrTxoebisaTvis

instruqciebis miReba migranti mSromelebis mier,maTi praqtikuli treningisa da sxva

samuSaosTvis momzadebasTan kavSirSi”

rekomendaciis III nawili Seexeba im zomebis miRebas, romlebic uzrunvelyofen

minimalur dacvas samuSaos dakargvis an maspinZeli qveynidan gamoZevebisa da

gamomgzavrebis SemTxvevaSi. paragrafi 33 da 34 iZleva zemoTxsenebuli sakiTxis

axsna da warmoagdens saintereso saxelmZRvanelo principebs am midgomebisTvis.

maTSi vkiTxulobT: “ migrant mSromels, romelsac samuSaodan aTavisufleben, unda

hqondes gasaCivrebis ufleba saTanado administarciul an iuridiul uwyebaSi,

erovnuli kanonisa da dadgenilebebiT gansazRvruli pirobebis mixedviT. am

gasaCivrebam SesaZloa SeaCeros gaTavisuflebis brZaneba, erovnuli usafrTxoebisa

da sajaro wesrigis saTanado moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT. migrant mSromelebs

unda hqondeT samarTleblivi daxmarebis iseTive ufleba, rogorc adgilobriv

mSromelebs da Tarjimnis daxmarebis SesaZlebloba.

(1) migrant mSromels, romelic tovebs dasaqmebis qveyanas misi iq yofnis

statusis miuxedavad unda mieniWos a) saTanado anazRaurebis ufleba gaweuli

samsaxurisTvis; b) SeRavaTebi, rolebic SeiZleba Seexebodes raime saxis

sawarmoo travmas; g) erovnuli praqtikis mixedviT _ e) kompensacia kuTvnili

uqme dReebis gamouyeneblobis SemTxveveaSi; v) nebismieri socialuri

usafrTxoebiT sargebloba erovnuli kanonisa Tu wesdebis an saerTaSoriso

SeTanxmebis mixedviT, romelic uzrunvelyofs imas, rom im SemTxvevaSo

rodesac socialuri usafrTxoeba ar iZleva SeRavaTebiT sargeblobis

saSualebas, yvela zoma unda iqnas miRebuli ormxrivi Tu mravalmxrivi

SeTanxmebebis debulebebis Tanaxmad migrantTa uflebebis dasacavad.

(2) am paragrafis pirvel qve-paragrafSi moxseniebuli romelime sakiTxis

wamoWrisas,mSromels unda SeeZlos sakuTari interesebis dacva kompetenturi

organos winaSe da gaaCndes Tanabari uflebebi, rogorc adgilobriv

mSromelebs legaluri daxmarebis sakiTxSi”

faqtiurad, rogorc aRmoCnda Sso-s ori konvencia da misi Tanmxlebi rekomendaciebi

Seexeba bevrs sakiTxs SromiTi migraciis Sesaxeb da warmoadgens miukerZoebel

pasuxebs profesiuli kavSirebis mier gamoTqmul bevr sakiTxze. maSin roca isini

mTavrobebisgan iniciativebs iTxoven,am dokumentTa dabali xarisxiT ratificirebas

meti saerTo aqvs ganviTarebis araswor ZalisxmevasTan, vidre mTavrobis

ugulisyurobasTan CaerTon migraciis politikis ganviTarebis sakiTxSi. maSasadame

rekomendaciebi warmoadgenen garkveul siZneleebs mTavrobisaTvis. # 97 konvenciis

SemTxvevaSi am sakiTxze citirebul debulebas warmoadgens 6-e muxlSi

warmodgenili Tanabari midgomis principi (ufro zustad, is Seexeba socialur

usafrTxoebas) da muxli 8 aris sacxovrebeli uflebis Sesaxeb Sromis uunarobis

SemTxvevaSi. konvencia # 143-is muxli 8 (dacva samsaxuris dakargvis SemTxvevaSi),

muxli 10 (SesaZleblobebis da midgomis Tanasworoba) da muxli 14 (a) (migranti

mSromelebis geografiuli da profesiuli mobilurobis ufleba) ufro siZneleebis

warmomqmneli Cans mTavrobebisTvis.


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SromiTi standartebi

Sso-s ZiriTadi konvenciebi

arsebobs Sso-s ramdenime konvencia, romlebic iTvleba adamianis ZiriTad

uflebebad. Sso-s deklaracia Sromis fundamenturi principebis da uflebebis

Sesaxeb miRebul iqna Sromis saerTaSoriso konferenciaze 1998 wels. am konvenciaSi

saubaria imaze,rom Sso-s wevri yvela saxelmwifosTvis savaldebuloa rva ZiriTad

konvenciaSi Sesuli uflebebis da principebis dacva.

am ZiriTadi konvenciebis mniSvneloba profkavSirebisa da migranti mSromelebisTvis

aris is, rom mSromelTa fundamenturi uflebebis darRveva ufro metad migranti

mSromelebis SemTxvevaSi xdeba.

migranti mSromelebis iZulebiTi Sromis pirobebSi aRmoCenis faqti sakmaod xSiria,

agreTve xSiria faqtebi,rodesac maT CamoerTmevaT samgzavro dokumenti,rogoricaa

pasporti da ekisrebaT gadaixadon “vali” maTi daniSnulebis qveyanaSi Cayvanis

sanacvlod.

maSin rodesac ufro xSiria mozrdili mSromelebis migrirebis faqti, Tu maT Tan

mihyavT ojaxebi, maTi Svilebi iZulebulni arian imuSaon. trefikingi xSiria

bavSvebisa da axalgazrda pirovnebebis SemTxvevaSic.

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis principi da organizaciis ufleba exeba yvela mSromels,

migranti mSromelebis CaTvliT, miuxedavad maTi legalur Tu aralegalur

mdgomarobaSi yofnisa. arapatiosani damqiraveblebi xSirad cdiloben xeli

SeuSalon migrant mSromelTa profkavSirebSi gawevrebas.


SromiTi standartebi

Sso-s ZiriTadi konvenciebi

arsebobs Sso-s ramdenime konvencia, romlebic iTvleba adamianis ZiriTad

uflebebad. Sso-s deklaracia Sromis fundamenturi principebis da uflebebis

Sesaxeb miRebul iqna Sromis saerTaSoriso konferenciaze 1998 wels. am konvenciaSi

saubaria imaze,rom Sso-s wevri yvela saxelmwifosTvis savaldebuloa rva ZiriTad

konvenciaSi Sesuli uflebebis da principebis dacva.

am ZiriTadi konvenciebis mniSvneloba profkavSirebisa da migranti mSromelebisTvis

aris is, rom mSromelTa fundamenturi uflebebis darRveva ufro metad migranti

mSromelebis SemTxvevaSi xdeba.

migranti mSromelebis iZulebiTi Sromis pirobebSi aRmoCenis faqti sakmaod xSiria,

agreTve xSiria faqtebi,rodesac maT CamoerTmevaT samgzavro dokumenti,rogoricaa

pasporti da ekisrebaT gadaixadon “vali” maTi daniSnulebis qveyanaSi Cayvanis

sanacvlod.

maSin rodesac ufro xSiria mozrdili mSromelebis migrirebis faqti, Tu maT Tan

mihyavT ojaxebi, maTi Svilebi iZulebulni arian imuSaon. trefikingi xSiria

bavSvebisa da axalgazrda pirovnebebis SemTxvevaSic.

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis principi da organizaciis ufleba exeba yvela mSromels,

migranti mSromelebis CaTvliT, miuxedavad maTi legalur Tu aralegalur

mdgomarobaSi yofnisa. arapatiosani damqiraveblebi xSirad cdiloben xeli

SeuSalon migrant mSromelTa profkavSirebSi gawevrebas.

qartia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb

#97 da # 143 konvenciebTan erTad,gaeros generaluri asambleis mier 1990 wels

miRebuli saerTaSoriso konvencia yvela migranti mSromelisa da maTi ojaxis

wevrebis uflebebis Sesaxeb warmoadgens uflebebze damyarebuli SromiTi

migraciis midgomis mesame sayrdens.

qartia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb

#97 da # 143 konvenciebTan erTad,gaeros generaluri asambleis mier 1990 wels

miRebuli saerTaSoriso konvencia yvela migranti mSromelisa da maTi ojaxis

wevrebis uflebebis Sesaxeb warmoadgens uflebebze damyarebuli SromiTi

migraciis midgomis mesame sayrdens.

75

ZiriTadi sakiTxebi Sso-s mTavar konvenciebSi aris:

organizebis ufleba da konvencia koleqtiuri molaparakebebis Sesaxeb,1949 (#98)

konvencia iZulebiTi Sromis Sesaxeb 1930 (# 29)

konvencia iZulebiTi Sromis gauqmebis Sesaxeb,1957 (# 105)

konvencia Tanabari anazRaurebis Sesaxeb,1951 (# 100)

konvencia diskriminaciis Sesaxeb (dasaqmeba da profesiuli saqmianoba),1958 (#111)

konvencia minimaluri asakis Sesaxeb, 1973 (#138)

gaerTianebis Tavisufleba da organizaciebSi gawevrianebis uflebis Sesaxeb, 1948 (#

87)

garantiebi profkavSirebis winaaRmdeg arsebuli diskriminaciis faqtebis

aRmosafxvrelad; damqiraveblebisa da mSromelebis organizaciebis dacva ormxrivi

Carevisagan; da zomebis miReba koleqtiuri molaparakebebis mxardasaWerad. muxli me-

2 umniSvnelovanesia: ganurCevlad, yvela damqiravebelsa da mSromels aqvs ufleba

Seqmnas da SeuerTdes organizacias sakuTari nebiT da arCeviT, yovelgvari

nebarTvis gareSe. 2008 wlis 14 ivliss mdgomareobiT,es konvencia ratificirebulia

149 saxelmwifos mier.

mSromelebi sargebloben dacviT, maT aqvT organizaciebSi gawevrianebis ufleba.

onvencia mxars uWers mSromelebisa da damqiraveblebis organizaciebis erTmaneTSi

Caurevlobis princips da xels uwyobs koleqtiuri molaparakebebis waxalisebis

principebs. 2008 wlis 14 ivlisisTvis ratificirebulia 159 saxelmwifos mier.

gulisxmobs iZulebiTi da savaldebulo Sromis yvela formis dauyovnebliv

aRmofxvras garda iseTi SemTxvevebisa, rogoricaa samxedro samsaxuri, sapatimroSi

Sroma da Sroma gaweuli sagangebo mdgomareobisas: omis, xanZris da miwisZvrebis

dros. 2008 wlis 14 ivlisis mdgomareobiT xelmowerilia 173 qveynis mier _ esaa

raodenobrivad yvelaze meti qveynis mier ratificirebuli konvencia.

uzrunvelyofs iZulebiTi da savaldebulo Sromis yvela formis aRkveTas, aseve

politikuri Zaldatanebis saSualebebs, sanqciebs politikuri da ideologiuri

Sexedulebebis Riad gamoxatvis winaaRmdeg, iZulebiT SromiT mobilizebas, SromiT

disciplinas, rogoricaa dasja gaficvebSi monawileobis miRebisaTvis da

diskriminacias. 2008 wlis 14 ivlisisTvis ratificirebulia 169 saxelmwifos mier..

xazs usvams Tanabari anazRaurebis princips mamakacebsa da qalebs Soris Tanabari

SromisTvis. 2008 wlis 14 ivlisisTvis ratificirebulia 166 saxelmwifos mier.

warmoadgens erovnul politikas Seqmnils yvela pirdapiri Tu iribi diskriminaciis

aRmosafxvrelad rasis, kanis feris, sqesis, religiis, politikuri Sexedulebis,

erovnuli umciresobis Tu socialuri warmoSobis mixedviT. 2008 wlis 14

ivlisisTvis ratificirebulia 168 saxelmwifos mier.

Seexeba ekonomikuri aqtivobis yvela seqtors. saxelmwifoebma unda gamoacxadon

dasaqmebisTvis dasaSvebobis minimaluri asakobrivi zRvari da efeqturad aRkveTon

bavSvTa Sromis SemTxvevebi, samuSaos dawyebis minimaluri asakobrivi zRvari ar

unda iyos savaldebulo saskolo asakze dabali (Tumca 14 weli da ufro qvemoT

daSvebulia msubuqi samuSaosTvis naklebad ganviTarebul qveynebSi) 18 weli aris

zRvari saxifaTo samuSaosTvis. 2008 wlis 14 ivlisisTvis ratificirebulia 150

saxelmwifos mier.

ZiriTadi sakiTxebi Sso-s mTavar konvenciebSi aris:

organizebis ufleba da konvencia koleqtiuri molaparakebebis Sesaxeb,1949 (#98)

konvencia iZulebiTi Sromis Sesaxeb 1930 (# 29)

konvencia iZulebiTi Sromis gauqmebis Sesaxeb,1957 (# 105)

konvencia Tanabari anazRaurebis Sesaxeb,1951 (# 100)

konvencia diskriminaciis Sesaxeb (dasaqmeba da profesiuli saqmianoba),1958 (#111)

konvencia minimaluri asakis Sesaxeb, 1973 (#138)

gaerTianebis Tavisufleba da organizaciebSi gawevrianebis uflebis Sesaxeb, 1948 (#

87)

garantiebi profkavSirebis winaaRmdeg arsebuli diskriminaciis faqtebis

aRmosafxvrelad; damqiraveblebisa da mSromelebis organizaciebis dacva ormxrivi

Carevisagan; da zomebis miReba koleqtiuri molaparakebebis mxardasaWerad. muxli me-

2 umniSvnelovanesia: ganurCevlad, yvela damqiravebelsa da mSromels aqvs ufleba

Seqmnas da SeuerTdes organizacias sakuTari nebiT da arCeviT, yovelgvari

nebarTvis gareSe. 2008 wlis 14 ivliss mdgomareobiT,es konvencia ratificirebulia

149 saxelmwifos mier.

mSromelebi sargebloben dacviT, maT aqvT organizaciebSi gawevrianebis ufleba.

onvencia mxars uWers mSromelebisa da damqiraveblebis organizaciebis erTmaneTSi

Caurevlobis princips da xels uwyobs koleqtiuri molaparakebebis waxalisebis

principebs. 2008 wlis 14 ivlisisTvis ratificirebulia 159 saxelmwifos mier.

gulisxmobs iZulebiTi da savaldebulo Sromis yvela formis dauyovnebliv

aRmofxvras garda iseTi SemTxvevebisa, rogoricaa samxedro samsaxuri, sapatimroSi

Sroma da Sroma gaweuli sagangebo mdgomareobisas: omis, xanZris da miwisZvrebis

dros. 2008 wlis 14 ivlisis mdgomareobiT xelmowerilia 173 qveynis mier _ esaa

raodenobrivad yvelaze meti qveynis mier ratificirebuli konvencia.

uzrunvelyofs iZulebiTi da savaldebulo Sromis yvela formis aRkveTas, aseve

politikuri Zaldatanebis saSualebebs, sanqciebs politikuri da ideologiuri

Sexedulebebis Riad gamoxatvis winaaRmdeg, iZulebiT SromiT mobilizebas, SromiT

disciplinas, rogoricaa dasja gaficvebSi monawileobis miRebisaTvis da

diskriminacias. 2008 wlis 14 ivlisisTvis ratificirebulia 169 saxelmwifos mier..

xazs usvams Tanabari anazRaurebis princips mamakacebsa da qalebs Soris Tanabari

SromisTvis. 2008 wlis 14 ivlisisTvis ratificirebulia 166 saxelmwifos mier.

warmoadgens erovnul politikas Seqmnils yvela pirdapiri Tu iribi diskriminaciis

aRmosafxvrelad rasis, kanis feris, sqesis, religiis, politikuri Sexedulebis,

erovnuli umciresobis Tu socialuri warmoSobis mixedviT. 2008 wlis 14

ivlisisTvis ratificirebulia 168 saxelmwifos mier.

Seexeba ekonomikuri aqtivobis yvela seqtors. saxelmwifoebma unda gamoacxadon

dasaqmebisTvis dasaSvebobis minimaluri asakobrivi zRvari da efeqturad aRkveTon

bavSvTa Sromis SemTxvevebi, samuSaos dawyebis minimaluri asakobrivi zRvari ar

unda iyos savaldebulo saskolo asakze dabali (Tumca 14 weli da ufro qvemoT

daSvebulia msubuqi samuSaosTvis naklebad ganviTarebul qveynebSi) 18 weli aris

zRvari saxifaTo samuSaosTvis. 2008 wlis 14 ivlisisTvis ratificirebulia 150

saxelmwifos mier.


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sxva saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi

bevri saerTaSoriso SromiTi standarti relevanturia migranti mSromelebisTvis,

ori maTgani gasakuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos:

pirveli maTgania kerZo damsaqmebeli saagentoebis konvencia,1997 (# 181). 2008 wlis

14 ivlisis mdgomareobiT ratificirebulia 20 saxelmwifos mier.

konvenciis xelismomweri Sso-s wevri qveynebi uzrunvelyofen imas, rom kerZo

dasaqmebis saagentoebi mSromelebs ar gadaaxdevineben momsaxurebis safasurs da rom

mSromelebs eqnebaT profkavSirebSi gawevrebis ufleba.

erovnuli kanonisa da praqtikis mixedviT wevri saxelmwifo miiRebs saWiro zomebs

raTa uzrunvelyos kerZo damqiraveblebis mier daqiravebuli mSromelebis

adeqvaturi dacva,rogorc aRwerilia 1-li muxlis 1-l paragrafSi:

a) gaerTianebis Tavisufleba;

b) koleqtiuri molaparakebebi;

g) minimaluri xelfasebi;

d) samuSao dro da sxva samuSao pirobebi;

e) kanoniT dadgenili socialuri usafrTxoebiT sargebloba;

v) treningis xelmisawvdomoba;

z) profesiuli daculoba da janmrTeloba

T) kompensacia samsaxurebrivi SemTxvevebisa da daavadebebis SemTxvevaSi;

i) kompensacia gadaxdis uunarobis SemTxvevaSi da mSromelTa sarCelebis dacva;

k) dacva dedobis dros da SeRavaTebi, da mamobrivi dacva da SeRavaTebi.

konvencia kerZo damsaqmebeli saagentoebis Sesaxeb 1997 (#181)

konkretulad,11-e muxli adgens:

sxva saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi

bevri saerTaSoriso SromiTi standarti relevanturia migranti mSromelebisTvis,

ori maTgani gasakuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos:

pirveli maTgania kerZo damsaqmebeli saagentoebis konvencia,1997 (# 181). 2008 wlis

14 ivlisis mdgomareobiT ratificirebulia 20 saxelmwifos mier.

konvenciis xelismomweri Sso-s wevri qveynebi uzrunvelyofen imas, rom kerZo

dasaqmebis saagentoebi mSromelebs ar gadaaxdevineben momsaxurebis safasurs da rom

mSromelebs eqnebaT profkavSirebSi gawevrebis ufleba.

erovnuli kanonisa da praqtikis mixedviT wevri saxelmwifo miiRebs saWiro zomebs

raTa uzrunvelyos kerZo damqiraveblebis mier daqiravebuli mSromelebis

adeqvaturi dacva,rogorc aRwerilia 1-li muxlis 1-l paragrafSi:

a) gaerTianebis Tavisufleba;

b) koleqtiuri molaparakebebi;

g) minimaluri xelfasebi;

d) samuSao dro da sxva samuSao pirobebi;

e) kanoniT dadgenili socialuri usafrTxoebiT sargebloba;

v) treningis xelmisawvdomoba;

z) profesiuli daculoba da janmrTeloba

T) kompensacia samsaxurebrivi SemTxvevebisa da daavadebebis SemTxvevaSi;

i) kompensacia gadaxdis uunarobis SemTxvevaSi da mSromelTa sarCelebis dacva;

k) dacva dedobis dros da SeRavaTebi, da mamobrivi dacva da SeRavaTebi.

konvencia kerZo damsaqmebeli saagentoebis Sesaxeb 1997 (#181)

konkretulad,11-e muxli adgens:

konvencia bavSvTa yvelaze mZime Sromis formebis akrZalvis da dauyovnebliv

aRmofxvris Sesaxeb,1999 (#182)

wevri saxelmwifoebi adgenen droSi savaldebulo programas bavSvTa Sromis

yvelaze uaresi formebis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb. konvencia Tavad iZleva sias, Tumca

wevr saxelmwifoebs, socialur partiorebTan konsultaciis Sedegad SeuZliaT

Seadginon sakuTari siebi amgvari mZime Sromis formebisa. 2008 wlis 14 ivlisis

mdgomareobiT ratificirebulia 168 saxelmwifos mier.

konvencia bavSvTa yvelaze mZime Sromis formebis akrZalvis da dauyovnebliv

aRmofxvris Sesaxeb,1999 (#182)

wevri saxelmwifoebi adgenen droSi savaldebulo programas bavSvTa Sromis

yvelaze uaresi formebis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb. konvencia Tavad iZleva sias, Tumca

wevr saxelmwifoebs, socialur partiorebTan konsultaciis Sedegad SeuZliaT

Seadginon sakuTari siebi amgvari mZime Sromis formebisa. 2008 wlis 14 ivlisis

mdgomareobiT ratificirebulia 168 saxelmwifos mier.

daimaxsovreT!

Sso-s ZiriTadi konvenciebi Seexeba yvela migrant mSromels, miuxedavad maTi

statusisa, Tu erovnul kanonmdeblobaSi sxva ram araa dadgenili.

daimaxsovreT!

Sso-s ZiriTadi konvenciebi Seexeba yvela migrant mSromels, miuxedavad maTi

statusisa, Tu erovnul kanonmdeblobaSi sxva ram araa dadgenili.

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dasaqmebis saagentoebis saTanado regulireba did rols asrulebs migranti

mSromelebis keTildReobis SeqmnaSi. mxolod 20 qveyanam moawera xeli am konvencias

da maT Soris sul ramodenimea e.w. “warmoSobis qveynebi”

konvenciis me-8 muxli Seexeba migranti mSromelebis prevencias cudad

mopyrobisagan

dasaqmebis saagentoebis saTanado regulireba did rols asrulebs migranti

mSromelebis keTildReobis SeqmnaSi. mxolod 20 qveyanam moawera xeli am konvencias

da maT Soris sul ramodenimea e.w. “warmoSobis qveynebi”

konvenciis me-8 muxli Seexeba migranti mSromelebis prevencias cudad

mopyrobisagan

rekomendacia SromiTi urTierTobis Sesaxeb,2006 (# 198)

migranti mSromelebi ufro metad arian CarTulni am “araformalur” dasaqmebiT

urTierTobebSi. rekomendacia adgens:

axali rekomendacia, miRebuli Sromis saerTaSoriso konferenciaze 2006 wels

Seexeba dasaqmebiT urTierTobebs. igi Seexeba situacias, roca namdvili mSromeli-

damqiraveblis urTierToba arsebobs. arakanonieri da faruli dasaqmebiTi

urTierTobebis gamoyenebis faqtebi upatiosno damsaqmeblis mier,raTa Tavi aaridon

kanonier valdebulebebs mSromelTa winaSe,sul ufro da ufro izrdeba.

rekomendacia SromiTi urTierTobis Sesaxeb,2006 (# 198)

migranti mSromelebi ufro metad arian CarTulni am “araformalur” dasaqmebiT

urTierTobebSi. rekomendacia adgens:

axali rekomendacia, miRebuli Sromis saerTaSoriso konferenciaze 2006 wels

Seexeba dasaqmebiT urTierTobebs. igi Seexeba situacias, roca namdvili mSromeli-

damqiraveblis urTierToba arsebobs. arakanonieri da faruli dasaqmebiTi

urTierTobebis gamoyenebis faqtebi upatiosno damsaqmeblis mier,raTa Tavi aaridon

kanonier valdebulebebs mSromelTa winaSe,sul ufro da ufro izrdeba.


1. damqiravebelTa da mSromelTa yvelaze warmomadgenlobiT organizaciebTanmolaparakebis Semdgom, wevri saxelmwifo miiRebs yvela saWiro da saTanado zomas,rogorc Tavisi iurisdiqciis farglebSi, aseve sxva wevr saxelmwifoebTanTanamSromlobis Sedegad uzrunvelyos kerZo dasaqmebis saagentoebis mier amsaxelmwifos teritoriaze daqiravebuli mSromelebis saTanadod dacva daprevencia arasaTanado mopyrobisagan. es RonisZiebebi Seicaven kanonebsa da wesebssadac nagulisxmevia jarimebi, agreTve imgvari kerZo saagentoebis gauqmeba,romlebic CarTulni iqnebian TaRliTur saqmianobasa da mSromelebisadmiarasaTanadod mopyrobaSi.

2. rodesac mSromelebis daqiraveba xdeba erTi qveynidan meoreSi samuSaod,am wevrmaqveynebma unda ifiqron gaaformon ormxrivi SeTanxmeba, raTa Tavidan iqnasacilebuli TaRliTuri saqmianoba mzadebis, adgilze Casvlis da dasaqmebis dros.

1. damqiravebelTa da mSromelTa yvelaze warmomadgenlobiT organizaciebTanmolaparakebis Semdgom, wevri saxelmwifo miiRebs yvela saWiro da saTanado zomas,rogorc Tavisi iurisdiqciis farglebSi, aseve sxva wevr saxelmwifoebTanTanamSromlobis Sedegad uzrunvelyos kerZo dasaqmebis saagentoebis mier amsaxelmwifos teritoriaze daqiravebuli mSromelebis saTanadod dacva daprevencia arasaTanado mopyrobisagan. es RonisZiebebi Seicaven kanonebsa da wesebssadac nagulisxmevia jarimebi, agreTve imgvari kerZo saagentoebis gauqmeba,romlebic CarTulni iqnebian TaRliTur saqmianobasa da mSromelebisadmiarasaTanadod mopyrobaSi.

2. rodesac mSromelebis daqiraveba xdeba erTi qveynidan meoreSi samuSaod,am wevrmaqveynebma unda ifiqron gaaformon ormxrivi SeTanxmeba, raTa Tavidan iqnasacilebuli TaRliTuri saqmianoba mzadebis, adgilze Casvlis da dasaqmebis dros.

7. mSromelTa trans-sasazRvro gadaadgilebis konteqstSi:

a) erovnuli politikis formirebisas. damsaqmebelTa da mSromelTa

warmomadgenlobiT organizaciebTan konsultaciebis Semdgom, wevrma

saxelmwifom unda izrunos saTanado zomebis miRebaze Tavisi iurisdiqciis

farglebSi da sadac SesaZlebelia sxva qveynebTan TanamSromlobiT, raTa

uzrunvelyon migranti mSromelebis efeqturi dacva da prevencia arasaTanado

mopyobisagan.

b) rodesac mSromelebs qiraoben erTi qveynidan meoreSi samuSaod, wevr qveynebs

SeuZliaT ganixilon ormxrivi SeTanxmebis gaformebis SesaZlebloba, raTa

Tavidan iqnas acilebuli arasaTanadod mopyroba da TaRliTuri saqmianoba,

romelTac miznad aqvT dasaqmebiTi urTierTobebis konteqstSi mSromelTa

dacvisTvis ukve arsebuli dokumentebidan Tavis arideba.

7. mSromelTa trans-sasazRvro gadaadgilebis konteqstSi:

a) erovnuli politikis formirebisas. damsaqmebelTa da mSromelTa

warmomadgenlobiT organizaciebTan konsultaciebis Semdgom, wevrma

saxelmwifom unda izrunos saTanado zomebis miRebaze Tavisi iurisdiqciis

farglebSi da sadac SesaZlebelia sxva qveynebTan TanamSromlobiT, raTa

uzrunvelyon migranti mSromelebis efeqturi dacva da prevencia arasaTanado

mopyobisagan.

b) rodesac mSromelebs qiraoben erTi qveynidan meoreSi samuSaod, wevr qveynebs

SeuZliaT ganixilon ormxrivi SeTanxmebis gaformebis SesaZlebloba, raTa

Tavidan iqnas acilebuli arasaTanadod mopyroba da TaRliTuri saqmianoba,

romelTac miznad aqvT dasaqmebiTi urTierTobebis konteqstSi mSromelTa

dacvisTvis ukve arsebuli dokumentebidan Tavis arideba.

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gaeros saerTaSoriso konvencia yvela migranti mSromelis

da maTi ojaxis wevrebis uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb

(“gaero-s konvencia”)

es konvencia,romlis SeqmnaSi Sso aqtiur monawileobas iRebda,damyarebulia Sso-s

konvenciebSi arsebul debulebebze da ramdenamde maT farglebsac scildeba.

konvencia Seexeba migranti mSromelebis da maTi ojaxis wevrebis uflebebs,

romlebic Sedian da saxldebian maspinZeli qveynis teritoriaze aralegalurad.

dasaqmebis mizniT legaluri migraciis procesSi myofi pirebis uflebebi

Tavdapirvelad SezRuduli iyo, razec ufro detaluradaa saubari Sso-s # 143

konvenciis I nawilSi. gaeros konvenciis mizans warmoadgens xeli SeuSalos da

TandaTanobiT Seamciros aralegaluri migracia,amave dros konvencia miznad isaxavs

daicvas saimigracio talRaSi arsebuli migrantebis fundamenturi uflebebi maTi

arasaxarbielo pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT. konvenciis mniSvnelovan nawils

warmoadgens is faqti, rom xelismomwer qveynebs ar aqvT ufleba am uflebiT

sargeblobaze uari uTxran migrant mSromelTa romelime kategorias. aseve

mniSvnelovania dokumentis “ganuyofloba” da is faqti,rom igi Seexeba yvela tipis

migrant mSromels, Sso-s arsebuli dokumentebidan gamoyofili migrantebis

CaTvliT.

konvencia moiTxovs, rom saxelmwifoebma xeli Seuwyon “jansaRi, miukerZoebeli,

humanuri da kanonieri pirobebis Seqmnas” mSromelTa da maTi ojaxis wevrTa

saerTaSoriso migraciisaTvis. es moTxovnebi moicavs:

midgomebis Camoyalibebas migraciis sakiTxebze;

informaciis gacvlas saxelmwifoTa mxareebis Soris;

sainformacio debulebebi damqiraveblebis, mSromelebis da maTi organizaciebis

politikis,kanonebisa da debulebebis Sesaxeb da

migranti mSromelebis da maTi ojaxebis mxardaWera.

konvencia adgens pirobebs migranti mSromelebis mowyobis da maTi warmoSobis

qveyanaSi dabrunebis Sesaxeb. igi agreTve aRwers im RonisZiebebs, rac unda iqnas

gatarebuli aralegaluri da faruli migraciis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad.

im qveynebis CamonaTvali, romlebmac am konvenciis ratificireba moaxdines,

mravlismetyvelia: masSi ar aris arc erTi evropis kavSiris wevri saxelmwifo an sxva

saxelmwifo,romelsac SeiZleba vuwodoT mdidari daniSnulebis qveyana.

gaeros konvencia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb ZalaSi Sevida 2003 wels, 20 qveynis

mier ratificirebis Semdeg. konvenciis zedamxedveli organo aris yvela migranti

mSromelis da maTi ojaxis wevrTa uflebebis dacvis komiteti. komiteti Sedgeba

xelismomweri qveynebis mier SerCeuli aTi eqspertisagan, romlebic muSaoben

sakuTari pirovnuli kompetenciis farglebSi.

konvenciis xelismomwerma qveynebma unda warmoadginon moxseneba im zomebis Sesaxeb,

rac maT miiRes konvenciis debulebebis Sesasruleblad. moxsenebebma unda asaxos is

problemebi,romelic warmoiSveba debulebebis Sesrulebisas da unda uzrunvelyon

informaciis mowodeba migrantTa nakadis Sesaxeb. moxsenebebis ganxilvis Semdeg,

komiteti gadascems ama Tu im saxelmwifosTvis misTvis Sesaferisad miCneul

komentarebs.

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gaeros konvenciis sazedamxedvelo organo

gaeros saerTaSoriso konvencia yvela migranti mSromelis

da maTi ojaxis wevrebis uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb

(“gaero-s konvencia”)

es konvencia,romlis SeqmnaSi Sso aqtiur monawileobas iRebda,damyarebulia Sso-s

konvenciebSi arsebul debulebebze da ramdenamde maT farglebsac scildeba.

konvencia Seexeba migranti mSromelebis da maTi ojaxis wevrebis uflebebs,

romlebic Sedian da saxldebian maspinZeli qveynis teritoriaze aralegalurad.

dasaqmebis mizniT legaluri migraciis procesSi myofi pirebis uflebebi

Tavdapirvelad SezRuduli iyo, razec ufro detaluradaa saubari Sso-s # 143

konvenciis I nawilSi. gaeros konvenciis mizans warmoadgens xeli SeuSalos da

TandaTanobiT Seamciros aralegaluri migracia,amave dros konvencia miznad isaxavs

daicvas saimigracio talRaSi arsebuli migrantebis fundamenturi uflebebi maTi

arasaxarbielo pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT. konvenciis mniSvnelovan nawils

warmoadgens is faqti, rom xelismomwer qveynebs ar aqvT ufleba am uflebiT

sargeblobaze uari uTxran migrant mSromelTa romelime kategorias. aseve

mniSvnelovania dokumentis “ganuyofloba” da is faqti,rom igi Seexeba yvela tipis

migrant mSromels, Sso-s arsebuli dokumentebidan gamoyofili migrantebis

CaTvliT.

konvencia moiTxovs, rom saxelmwifoebma xeli Seuwyon “jansaRi, miukerZoebeli,

humanuri da kanonieri pirobebis Seqmnas” mSromelTa da maTi ojaxis wevrTa

saerTaSoriso migraciisaTvis. es moTxovnebi moicavs:

midgomebis Camoyalibebas migraciis sakiTxebze;

informaciis gacvlas saxelmwifoTa mxareebis Soris;

sainformacio debulebebi damqiraveblebis, mSromelebis da maTi organizaciebis

politikis,kanonebisa da debulebebis Sesaxeb da

migranti mSromelebis da maTi ojaxebis mxardaWera.

konvencia adgens pirobebs migranti mSromelebis mowyobis da maTi warmoSobis

qveyanaSi dabrunebis Sesaxeb. igi agreTve aRwers im RonisZiebebs, rac unda iqnas

gatarebuli aralegaluri da faruli migraciis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad.

im qveynebis CamonaTvali, romlebmac am konvenciis ratificireba moaxdines,

mravlismetyvelia: masSi ar aris arc erTi evropis kavSiris wevri saxelmwifo an sxva

saxelmwifo,romelsac SeiZleba vuwodoT mdidari daniSnulebis qveyana.

gaeros konvencia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb ZalaSi Sevida 2003 wels, 20 qveynis

mier ratificirebis Semdeg. konvenciis zedamxedveli organo aris yvela migranti

mSromelis da maTi ojaxis wevrTa uflebebis dacvis komiteti. komiteti Sedgeba

xelismomweri qveynebis mier SerCeuli aTi eqspertisagan, romlebic muSaoben

sakuTari pirovnuli kompetenciis farglebSi.

konvenciis xelismomwerma qveynebma unda warmoadginon moxseneba im zomebis Sesaxeb,

rac maT miiRes konvenciis debulebebis Sesasruleblad. moxsenebebma unda asaxos is

problemebi,romelic warmoiSveba debulebebis Sesrulebisas da unda uzrunvelyon

informaciis mowodeba migrantTa nakadis Sesaxeb. moxsenebebis ganxilvis Semdeg,

komiteti gadascems ama Tu im saxelmwifosTvis misTvis Sesaferisad miCneul

komentarebs.

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gaeros konvenciis sazedamxedvelo organo

79

gansxvavebebi gaerosa da Sso-s konvenciebs Soris

SromiTi kanonebi

arsebobs ramdenime mniSvnelovani gansxvaveba gaero-s saerTaSoriso konvencias da

Sso-s konvenciebs Soris. upirveles yovlisa, saerTaSoriso konvencia ar

uzrunvelyofs sazogadoebriv dialogs migraciis politikis sakiTxSi da arc

profkavSirebis da damqiravebelTa organizaciebis, rogorc Tanamdevi meqanizmebis

rols. maSin rodesac profesiuli kavSirebis organizaciebs SeuZliaT Sso-s

yuradReba miapyron garkveul sakiTxebs moxsenebebis wardgenis meSveobiT,

gasaCivrebis proceduras saerTaSoriso konvenciebis mixedviT ori SezRudva gaaCnia:

(rac ar SeiniSneba Sso-s procedurebSi) pirvel rigSi, imisaTvis, raTa waradginos

saCivari migranti mSromelebis uflebaTa dacvis komitetSi, mosaCivrem unda

amowuros samarTlebrivi daxmarebis gamoyenebis yvela SesaZlebloba Tavis

samSobloSi da meore: imisaTvis raTa saCivari misaRebad iqnas CaTvlili, saTanado

wevr saxelmwifos oficialurad unda hqondes aRiarebuli komitetis kompetencia.

ukanaskneli gansxvaveba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom konvenciis momxre da xelismomwer

qveynebs aqvT SesaZlebloba gamoTqvan garkveuli saxis “damatebiTi SeniSvnebi”

konvenciis debulebebTan dakavSirebiT. mag. TurqeTis mTavrobam saerTaSoriso

konvenciis mis mier saratifikacio dokumentSi Seitana damatebiTi SeniSvna,

konkretulad: “profkavSirebis Sesaxeb Turquli kanonis mixedviT mxolod TurqeTis

moqalaqeebs aqvT ufleba Seqmnan profkavSirebi TurqeTis teritoriaze”. maSin

rodesac amgvari damatebiTi SeniSvnebis arseboba SesaZloa yuradRebiT ar iyos

Seswavlili saerTaSoriso konvenciis 91-e muxlis me-2 paragrafis

mixedviT(damatebiTi SeniSvna,romelic miiCneva SeuTavsebad konvenciis miznebTan da

daniSnulebasTan, ar daiSveba) igi gviCvenebs arsebul SezRudvebs 1990 wlis

dokumentSi.

iseve rogorc Sso-s yvela konvencia vrceldeba yvela mSromelze, migranti

mSromelebis CaTvliT, yvela erovnuli SromiTi kanoni unda vrceldebodes yvela

mSromelze,migranti mSromelebis CaTvliT.

bevr qveyanaSi, SromiTi kanonmdeblobiT da Sesabamisad SromiTi inspeqtorebis

mxridan mocemuli garantiebi arasrulia. samrewvelo aqtebi minimaluri xelfasis

Sesaxeb, kanonebi SesaZloa moicavdes samuSao adgilebis mcire nawils. Sromas

soflis meurneobaSi da Sida saojaxo saqmeSi dasaqmebul adamianebs xSirad

araviTari Sexeba ar aqvs am kanonebTan da bevri migranti mSromeli swored am

seqtorSi muSaobs. isini,rogorc wesi, verasodes Sexvdebian SromiT inspeqtors.

socialuri usafrTxoebis kanonmdebloba xSirad asxvavebs erTmaneTisgan migrant da

adgilobriv mSromels, umetes SemTxvevaSi yovelgvari samarTlebrivi bazis

arsebobis gareSe.

dacva dedobis SemTxvevaSi migranti mSromelebisTvis TiTqmis ar arsebobs da isini

xSirad Tavisufldebian samsaxuridan an uwevT samSobloSi dabruneba fexmZimobis

SemTxveevaSi.

anti-diskriminaciuli kanonebi SesaZloa exebodes mxolod qveynis moqalaqeebs da

samarTleblivi sistema SesaZloa xelmiuwvdomeli iyos migranti mSromelisTvis.

yvelaze damaxasiaTebeli elementi saimigracio kanonmdeblobisa bevr qveyanaSi aris

is, rom isini savaldebulod miiCneven migranti mSromelis erTsadaimave

damqiravebelTan darCenas drois garkveuli monakveTiT, romlis darRvevis

SemTxvevaSi isini SeiZleba deportirebul iqnen. Sso-s # 143 konvencia acxadebs,rom

2 weli aris gonivruli vada da es dro unda iyos maqsimumi. amis Semdeg migrant

mSromels neba unda mieces Seicvalos damqiravebeli deportaciis SiSis gareSe.

gansxvavebebi gaerosa da Sso-s konvenciebs Soris

SromiTi kanonebi

arsebobs ramdenime mniSvnelovani gansxvaveba gaero-s saerTaSoriso konvencias da

Sso-s konvenciebs Soris. upirveles yovlisa, saerTaSoriso konvencia ar

uzrunvelyofs sazogadoebriv dialogs migraciis politikis sakiTxSi da arc

profkavSirebis da damqiravebelTa organizaciebis, rogorc Tanamdevi meqanizmebis

rols. maSin rodesac profesiuli kavSirebis organizaciebs SeuZliaT Sso-s

yuradReba miapyron garkveul sakiTxebs moxsenebebis wardgenis meSveobiT,

gasaCivrebis proceduras saerTaSoriso konvenciebis mixedviT ori SezRudva gaaCnia:

(rac ar SeiniSneba Sso-s procedurebSi) pirvel rigSi, imisaTvis, raTa waradginos

saCivari migranti mSromelebis uflebaTa dacvis komitetSi, mosaCivrem unda

amowuros samarTlebrivi daxmarebis gamoyenebis yvela SesaZlebloba Tavis

samSobloSi da meore: imisaTvis raTa saCivari misaRebad iqnas CaTvlili, saTanado

wevr saxelmwifos oficialurad unda hqondes aRiarebuli komitetis kompetencia.

ukanaskneli gansxvaveba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom konvenciis momxre da xelismomwer

qveynebs aqvT SesaZlebloba gamoTqvan garkveuli saxis “damatebiTi SeniSvnebi”

konvenciis debulebebTan dakavSirebiT. mag. TurqeTis mTavrobam saerTaSoriso

konvenciis mis mier saratifikacio dokumentSi Seitana damatebiTi SeniSvna,

konkretulad: “profkavSirebis Sesaxeb Turquli kanonis mixedviT mxolod TurqeTis

moqalaqeebs aqvT ufleba Seqmnan profkavSirebi TurqeTis teritoriaze”. maSin

rodesac amgvari damatebiTi SeniSvnebis arseboba SesaZloa yuradRebiT ar iyos

Seswavlili saerTaSoriso konvenciis 91-e muxlis me-2 paragrafis

mixedviT(damatebiTi SeniSvna,romelic miiCneva SeuTavsebad konvenciis miznebTan da

daniSnulebasTan, ar daiSveba) igi gviCvenebs arsebul SezRudvebs 1990 wlis

dokumentSi.

iseve rogorc Sso-s yvela konvencia vrceldeba yvela mSromelze, migranti

mSromelebis CaTvliT, yvela erovnuli SromiTi kanoni unda vrceldebodes yvela

mSromelze,migranti mSromelebis CaTvliT.

bevr qveyanaSi, SromiTi kanonmdeblobiT da Sesabamisad SromiTi inspeqtorebis

mxridan mocemuli garantiebi arasrulia. samrewvelo aqtebi minimaluri xelfasis

Sesaxeb, kanonebi SesaZloa moicavdes samuSao adgilebis mcire nawils. Sromas

soflis meurneobaSi da Sida saojaxo saqmeSi dasaqmebul adamianebs xSirad

araviTari Sexeba ar aqvs am kanonebTan da bevri migranti mSromeli swored am

seqtorSi muSaobs. isini,rogorc wesi, verasodes Sexvdebian SromiT inspeqtors.

socialuri usafrTxoebis kanonmdebloba xSirad asxvavebs erTmaneTisgan migrant da

adgilobriv mSromels, umetes SemTxvevaSi yovelgvari samarTlebrivi bazis

arsebobis gareSe.

dacva dedobis SemTxvevaSi migranti mSromelebisTvis TiTqmis ar arsebobs da isini

xSirad Tavisufldebian samsaxuridan an uwevT samSobloSi dabruneba fexmZimobis

SemTxveevaSi.

anti-diskriminaciuli kanonebi SesaZloa exebodes mxolod qveynis moqalaqeebs da

samarTleblivi sistema SesaZloa xelmiuwvdomeli iyos migranti mSromelisTvis.

yvelaze damaxasiaTebeli elementi saimigracio kanonmdeblobisa bevr qveyanaSi aris

is, rom isini savaldebulod miiCneven migranti mSromelis erTsadaimave

damqiravebelTan darCenas drois garkveuli monakveTiT, romlis darRvevis

SemTxvevaSi isini SeiZleba deportirebul iqnen. Sso-s # 143 konvencia acxadebs,rom

2 weli aris gonivruli vada da es dro unda iyos maqsimumi. amis Semdeg migrant

mSromels neba unda mieces Seicvalos damqiravebeli deportaciis SiSis gareSe.


me

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Ta

vi

80


migranti mSromelebi koreis respublikaSi

koreeli migrantebis profesiuli kavSirebi

saerTaSoriso kanoni da dokumentis armqone migranti mSromelebis

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis ufleba

koreis respublikaSi myofi migranti mSromelebi TandaTan aqtiurebi gaxdnen

eqspluataciisa da mkacri saimigracio politikis winaaRmdeg. amas xeli Seuwyo

2004 wlis agvistoSi axali kanonmdeblobis ZalaSi Sesvlam, romelic

iTvaliswinebda migranti mSromelebis darCenas erT damqiravebelTan sami wlis

manZilze. migrantma mSromelebma profkavSirebis mzardi mxardaWeriT

winaaRmdegoba gauwies am kanons da moipoves meti sicxade da ndoba. koreis

migrant mSromelTa profkavSiri daarsda 2005wlis 24 aprils.

mTavrobam am qmedebas migrantTa mier profkavSiris Seqmnis, gaerTianebis da

koleqtiuri molaparakebis uflebis arqonis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis miRebiT

upasuxa.

2005 wlis 14 maiss, koreis migrantTa profkavSirebis prezidenti, bangladeSSi

dabadebuli anuar hoseni Sinisaken mimaval gzaze iqna dakavebuli 30

policielis mier. mTavrobis TqmiT igi daakaves vizis vadis gasvlis gamo. misi

dakavebidan mokle xanSi policiam profkavSiris ofisSi Sesvla da prezidentis

movaleobis Semsruleblis dakaveba scada.

2007 wlis TebervalSi seulis umaRlesma sasamarTlom ukanonod scno

mTavrobis moqmedeba migrantTa profkavSirisaTvis registraciis SezRudvis

Taobaze.

koreis respublikis konstituciis Tanaxmad, koreis respublikis mier

xelmoweril konvenciebs iseTive Zala aqvT, rogorc Sida kanonebs. koreis

respublikam xeli moawera saerTaSoriso konvencias rasobrivi diskriminaciis

yvela formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb, saerTaSoriso konvencias samoqalaqo da

politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli

uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso konvencias. yvela es konvencia icavs

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis uflebas mSromelebisaTvis, miuxedavad maTi

socialuri statusisa. konkretulad, skrda-s zogadi rekomendacia # 30

(saerTasoriso konvencia rasobrivi diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris

Sesaxeb) acxadebs,rom “garantiebi rasobrivi diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg Seexeba

yvela ara-moqalaqes, maTi saimigracio statusis miuxedavad.” (paragrafi 7) da

“maSin rodesac saxelmwifoebis nawili SesaZloa uars ambobdes moqalaqeobis

armqone pirebisaTvis samuSaos SeTavazebaze, yvela adamians aqvs Sromis da

dasaqmebis ufleba, Sekrebisa da gaerTianiebis uflebis CaTvliT, SromiTi

urTierToba dawyebidan mis dasrulebamde. (paragrafi 32)

Sso-s konvencia # 87 (gaerTianebis Tavisufleba da organizebis uflebaTa

dacva) icavs yvela mSromelis Tavisufali gaerTianebis uflebas, yovelgvari

gansxvavebebis gareSe da Seexeba dokumentis armqone migrant mSromelebsac

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetis rekomendaciebis mixedviT. (UGT, 2001, and

AFL-CIO/CTM, 2002)

migranti mSromelebi koreis respublikaSi

koreeli migrantebis profesiuli kavSirebi

saerTaSoriso kanoni da dokumentis armqone migranti mSromelebis

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis ufleba

koreis respublikaSi myofi migranti mSromelebi TandaTan aqtiurebi gaxdnen

eqspluataciisa da mkacri saimigracio politikis winaaRmdeg. amas xeli Seuwyo

2004 wlis agvistoSi axali kanonmdeblobis ZalaSi Sesvlam, romelic

iTvaliswinebda migranti mSromelebis darCenas erT damqiravebelTan sami wlis

manZilze. migrantma mSromelebma profkavSirebis mzardi mxardaWeriT

winaaRmdegoba gauwies am kanons da moipoves meti sicxade da ndoba. koreis

migrant mSromelTa profkavSiri daarsda 2005wlis 24 aprils.

mTavrobam am qmedebas migrantTa mier profkavSiris Seqmnis, gaerTianebis da

koleqtiuri molaparakebis uflebis arqonis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis miRebiT

upasuxa.

2005 wlis 14 maiss, koreis migrantTa profkavSirebis prezidenti, bangladeSSi

dabadebuli anuar hoseni Sinisaken mimaval gzaze iqna dakavebuli 30

policielis mier. mTavrobis TqmiT igi daakaves vizis vadis gasvlis gamo. misi

dakavebidan mokle xanSi policiam profkavSiris ofisSi Sesvla da prezidentis

movaleobis Semsruleblis dakaveba scada.

2007 wlis TebervalSi seulis umaRlesma sasamarTlom ukanonod scno

mTavrobis moqmedeba migrantTa profkavSirisaTvis registraciis SezRudvis

Taobaze.

koreis respublikis konstituciis Tanaxmad, koreis respublikis mier

xelmoweril konvenciebs iseTive Zala aqvT, rogorc Sida kanonebs. koreis

respublikam xeli moawera saerTaSoriso konvencias rasobrivi diskriminaciis

yvela formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb, saerTaSoriso konvencias samoqalaqo da

politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli

uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso konvencias. yvela es konvencia icavs

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis uflebas mSromelebisaTvis, miuxedavad maTi

socialuri statusisa. konkretulad, skrda-s zogadi rekomendacia # 30

(saerTasoriso konvencia rasobrivi diskriminaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris

Sesaxeb) acxadebs,rom “garantiebi rasobrivi diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg Seexeba

yvela ara-moqalaqes, maTi saimigracio statusis miuxedavad.” (paragrafi 7) da

“maSin rodesac saxelmwifoebis nawili SesaZloa uars ambobdes moqalaqeobis

armqone pirebisaTvis samuSaos SeTavazebaze, yvela adamians aqvs Sromis da

dasaqmebis ufleba, Sekrebisa da gaerTianiebis uflebis CaTvliT, SromiTi

urTierToba dawyebidan mis dasrulebamde. (paragrafi 32)

Sso-s konvencia # 87 (gaerTianebis Tavisufleba da organizebis uflebaTa

dacva) icavs yvela mSromelis Tavisufali gaerTianebis uflebas, yovelgvari

gansxvavebebis gareSe da Seexeba dokumentis armqone migrant mSromelebsac

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetis rekomendaciebis mixedviT. (UGT, 2001, and

AFL-CIO/CTM, 2002)

81


Sso-s SromiTi migraciis mravalmxrivi CarCo midgomis dokumentSi

gamoyenebuli saerTaSoriso SromiTi konvenciebis da

rekomendaciebis sia

fundamenturi konvenciebi

migrantebisTvis specifikuri dokumentebi

Sso-s sxva konvenciebi

konvencia gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis da organizebis uflebis dacvis Sesaxeb,1948 (# 87)konvencia organizebis uflebis da koleqtiuri molaparakebebis Sesaxeb,1949 (#98)iZulebiTi Sromis konvencia,1930 (# 29)konvencia iZulebiTi Sromis akrZalvis Sesaxeb,1957 (# 105)Tanabari anazRaurebis konvencia,1951 (# 100)konvencia diskriminaciis (dasaqmeba da profesiuli saqmianoba) Sesaxeb,1958 (# 111)minimaluri asakis konvencia,1973 (# 138)konvencia bavSvis Sromis yvelaze mZime formebis Sesaxeb,1999 (# 182)

konvencia dasaqmebis mizniT migraciis Sesaxeb ( Sesworebuli),1949 (# 97)rekomendacia dasaqmebis mizniT migraciis Sesaxeb (Sesworebuli),1949 (# 86)konvencia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb (damatebiTi debulebebi),1975 (# 143)rekomendaciebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb,1975 (# 151)

konvencia Tanabari mopyrobis (kompensacia sawarmoo SemTxvevisas) Sesaxeb,1925 (# 19)konvencia SromiTi inspeqciis Sesaxeb,1947 (# 81)konvencia SromiTi muxlebis (sajaro kontraqtebi) Sesaxeb,1949 (# 94)konvencia xelfasis dacvis Sesaxeb,1949 (# 95)konvencia socialuri usafrTxoebis (minimaluri standartebi) Sesaxeb,1952 (# 102)konvencia plantaciebis Sesaxeb,1958 (# 110)konvencia Tanabari mopyrobis (socialuri usafrTxoeba) Sesaxeb,1962 (# 118)konvencia dasaqmebis politikis Sesaxeb,1964 (# 122)konvencia SromiTi inspeqciis (soflis meurneoba) Sesaxeb,1969 (# 129)konvencia minimaluri xelfasis fiqsirebis Sesaxeb,1970 (# 131)konvencia sammxrivi konsultaciebis Sesaxeb (saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi),1976 (# 144)konvencia saeqTno personalis Sesaxeb,1977 (# 149)samsaxureobrivi usafrTxoebis da janmrTelobis konvencia,1981 (# 155)konvencia socialur usafrTxoebaTa uflebis miRebis Sesaxeb,1988 (# 167)konvencia samuSao pirobebis ( sastumroebi da restornebi) Sesaxeb,1991 (# 172)konvencia maRaroSi usafrTxoebis da janmrTelobis Sesaxeb,1995 (# 176)konvencia kerZo damsaqmebeli saagentoebis Sesaxeb,1997 (# 181)konvencia dedobis uflebis dacvis Sesaxeb,2000 (# 183)konvencia soflis meurneobaSi usafrTxoebisa da janmrTelobis Sesaxeb,2001 (# 184)

Sso-s SromiTi migraciis mravalmxrivi CarCo midgomis dokumentSi

gamoyenebuli saerTaSoriso SromiTi konvenciebis da

rekomendaciebis sia

fundamenturi konvenciebi

migrantebisTvis specifikuri dokumentebi

Sso-s sxva konvenciebi

konvencia gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis da organizebis uflebis dacvis Sesaxeb,1948 (# 87)konvencia organizebis uflebis da koleqtiuri molaparakebebis Sesaxeb,1949 (#98)iZulebiTi Sromis konvencia,1930 (# 29)konvencia iZulebiTi Sromis akrZalvis Sesaxeb,1957 (# 105)Tanabari anazRaurebis konvencia,1951 (# 100)konvencia diskriminaciis (dasaqmeba da profesiuli saqmianoba) Sesaxeb,1958 (# 111)minimaluri asakis konvencia,1973 (# 138)konvencia bavSvis Sromis yvelaze mZime formebis Sesaxeb,1999 (# 182)

konvencia dasaqmebis mizniT migraciis Sesaxeb ( Sesworebuli),1949 (# 97)rekomendacia dasaqmebis mizniT migraciis Sesaxeb (Sesworebuli),1949 (# 86)konvencia migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb (damatebiTi debulebebi),1975 (# 143)rekomendaciebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb,1975 (# 151)

konvencia Tanabari mopyrobis (kompensacia sawarmoo SemTxvevisas) Sesaxeb,1925 (# 19)konvencia SromiTi inspeqciis Sesaxeb,1947 (# 81)konvencia SromiTi muxlebis (sajaro kontraqtebi) Sesaxeb,1949 (# 94)konvencia xelfasis dacvis Sesaxeb,1949 (# 95)konvencia socialuri usafrTxoebis (minimaluri standartebi) Sesaxeb,1952 (# 102)konvencia plantaciebis Sesaxeb,1958 (# 110)konvencia Tanabari mopyrobis (socialuri usafrTxoeba) Sesaxeb,1962 (# 118)konvencia dasaqmebis politikis Sesaxeb,1964 (# 122)konvencia SromiTi inspeqciis (soflis meurneoba) Sesaxeb,1969 (# 129)konvencia minimaluri xelfasis fiqsirebis Sesaxeb,1970 (# 131)konvencia sammxrivi konsultaciebis Sesaxeb (saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi),1976 (# 144)konvencia saeqTno personalis Sesaxeb,1977 (# 149)samsaxureobrivi usafrTxoebis da janmrTelobis konvencia,1981 (# 155)konvencia socialur usafrTxoebaTa uflebis miRebis Sesaxeb,1988 (# 167)konvencia samuSao pirobebis ( sastumroebi da restornebi) Sesaxeb,1991 (# 172)konvencia maRaroSi usafrTxoebis da janmrTelobis Sesaxeb,1995 (# 176)konvencia kerZo damsaqmebeli saagentoebis Sesaxeb,1997 (# 181)konvencia dedobis uflebis dacvis Sesaxeb,2000 (# 183)konvencia soflis meurneobaSi usafrTxoebisa da janmrTelobis Sesaxeb,2001 (# 184)

koreeli migranti mSromelebis SemTxveva ar aris mxolod samxreT koreis

migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb. msoflios masStabiT samarTleblivi statusis

aRiarebis miRebis meSveobiT, koreel migrantTa profkavSirebis SemTxveva

warmoadgens dokumentis armqone migranti mSromelebis gaerTianebis

Tavisuflebis realur precendents, Semoaqvs ra realur cxovrebaSi

saerTaSoriso SromiTi da adamianis uflebaTa kanonis principebi.

nawyveti bukletidan “Seuol-Gyeonggi-Incheon Migrants Trade Union (MTU) Newsletter”

koreeli migranti mSromelebis SemTxveva ar aris mxolod samxreT koreis

migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb. msoflios masStabiT samarTleblivi statusis

aRiarebis miRebis meSveobiT, koreel migrantTa profkavSirebis SemTxveva

warmoadgens dokumentis armqone migranti mSromelebis gaerTianebis

Tavisuflebis realur precendents, Semoaqvs ra realur cxovrebaSi

saerTaSoriso SromiTi da adamianis uflebaTa kanonis principebi.

nawyveti bukletidan “Seuol-Gyeonggi-Incheon Migrants Trade Union (MTU) Newsletter”

Sso-s mravalmxrivi CarCo midgoma SromiTi migraciis Sesaxeb: arasavaldebulo principebi da

saxelmZRvaneloebi uflebebze damyarebuli midgomisTvis SromiTi migraciisaTvis.

hppt://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/2006/106B09_343_engl.pdf

ISBN:92-2-119118-4&978-92-2-119118-6

Sso-s mravalmxrivi CarCo midgoma SromiTi migraciis Sesaxeb: arasavaldebulo principebi da

saxelmZRvaneloebi uflebebze damyarebuli midgomisTvis SromiTi migraciisaTvis.

hppt://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/2006/106B09_343_engl.pdf

ISBN:92-2-119118-4&978-92-2-119118-6

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Sso-s standartebis gamoyeneba: profkavSirebis roli

profkavSirebs gaaCniaT imis SesaZleblobebi,rom konvenciaSi arsebuli debulebebi

aireklos aramarto maT erovnul kanonSi,aramed agreTve praqtikaSic.

upirveles yovlisa, Sso-s konstituciis safuZvelze (muxli 22) mTavrobebs

moeTxovebaT warmoadginon regularuli moxsenebebi maT mier xelmoweril

konvenciebze. konvenciebis umetesobaze moxsenebebi unda iqnas wardgenili 5

weliwadSi erTxel (mag. #97 da #143 konvenciebis SemTxvevaSi), magram e.w.

“fundamenturi konvenciebis” (ix. wina gverdi) SemTxevevaSi moxsenebebi waredgineba

yovel 2 weliwadSi. igive iTqmis “prioritetuli konvenciebis” Sesaxeb, romelic

exeba SromiT inspeqcias, dasaqmebis politikas da samxriv konsultaciebs.

moxsenebebis wardgena xdeba mmarTveli organos mier momzadebuli kiTxvaris

safuZvelze,romelic unda gadaeces ofiss yovel wels,1 ivnisidan 1 seqtembramde. im

qveynebma, romlebic xels aweren samxrivi konsultaciis (saerTaSoriso SromiTi

standartebi) konvencias, 1976 (# 144), mTavrobebs evalebaT konsultaciebi

damqiravebelTa da mSromelTa organizaciebTan moxsenebebis mzadebisas, magram im

qveynebis mTavrobebma romlebsac xeli ar mouweriaT # 144 konvenciaze,23 (2) muxlis

Tanaxmad unda warudginon TavianTi moxsenebis asli profkavSirebis

warmomadgenlobiT organizaciebs, rac saSualebas miscems maT gaakeTon sakuTari

komentarebi.

mSromelTa mxridan, profkavSirebis yvela organom unda gaamaxvilos yuradReba

komentarebis wardgenis movaleobaze Sromis saerTaSoriso ofisSi, ramdenadac am

komentarebs SeuZliaT zustad Seafason situacia. am komentarebis ararsebobis

SemTxvevaSi, mxolod mTavrobis mier wardgenili dokumentebi gamoiyeneba mocemul

qveyanaSi arsebuli mdgomareobis gansazRvrisaTvis. zemoTaRniSnuli komentarebi

samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT Seiswavleba damoukidebeli eqspertebis mier.

komitetis analizi gamoqveyndeba konvenciebisa da rekomendaciebis gamoyenebis

Sesaxeb eqspertTa komitetis moxsenebaSi da gadaecema yvela wevr qveyanas,mTavrobas,

damqiravebelTa da mSromelTa organizaciebs. yovel wels,sami wevrisagan Semdgari

standartTa gamoyenebis komiteti, romelic ikribeba saerTaSoriso SromiT

konferenciaze da akeTebs moxsenebas mogvianebiT, Seiswavlis ra eqspertTa mier

warmodgenil saqmeebs da mSromelTa da damqiravebelTa winadadebebs. komitetma

SesaZloa moiTxovos mTavrobebisgan angariSis wardgena maT qveyanaSi arsebul

mdgomareobaze. eqspertebi yovel wels aRniSnaven profkavSirebidan miRebuli

komentarebis simcires maTi zogadi SeniSvnebis Sesaxeb. igi warmoadgens umTavres

etaps im saSualebaTa ierarqiaSi, rac xelmisawvdomia profkavSirebisaTvis,

ramdenadac es moxsenebebi warmoadgenen ufro uxeSi darRvevebisgan prevenciis

saSualebebs.

roca saqme exeba araratificirebul konvenciebs, mmarTveli organo yovelwliurad

ismens da gadawyvetilebebs Rebulobs detaluri moxsenebebis (konvenciebi da

rekomendaciebi, rogorc saWiroa) safuZvelze, romlebsac warmoadgenen wevri

saxelmwifoebi araratificirebul konvenciebTan dakavSirebiT. kidev erTxel unda

aRiniSnos, profkavSirebis organizaciebs SeuZliaT Seasrulon gadamwyveti roli

sakuTari komentarebis gagzavniT,rac saSualebas miscems eqspertTa komitets,raTa

momzaddes yvelaze obieqturi angariSi, rac ganixileba standartTa gamoyenebis

komitetis yovelwliur Sexvedraze. am ganxilvebis Sedegebi saSulebas iZleva

miRweul iqnas dokumentebis efeqturoba da arsebiTi Rirebuleba da SesaZleblobas

aZlevs mTavrobebs ganaaxlon TavianTi politika am sferoSi saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi

da Camoayalibon axali standartebi. mag. migranti mSromelebis zogadi kvleva

Catarda 1999 wels da jer dRemde rCeba mniSvnelovan sakiTxad yvela saqmeSi, rac

dakavSirebulia Sso-s konvenciebTan migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb. (ix. ufro

moxsenebebi ratificirebuli konvenciebis Sesaxeb

moxsenebebi araratificirebuli konvenciebis Sesaxeb

Sso-s standartebis gamoyeneba: profkavSirebis roli

profkavSirebs gaaCniaT imis SesaZleblobebi,rom konvenciaSi arsebuli debulebebi

aireklos aramarto maT erovnul kanonSi,aramed agreTve praqtikaSic.

upirveles yovlisa, Sso-s konstituciis safuZvelze (muxli 22) mTavrobebs

moeTxovebaT warmoadginon regularuli moxsenebebi maT mier xelmoweril

konvenciebze. konvenciebis umetesobaze moxsenebebi unda iqnas wardgenili 5

weliwadSi erTxel (mag. #97 da #143 konvenciebis SemTxvevaSi), magram e.w.

“fundamenturi konvenciebis” (ix. wina gverdi) SemTxevevaSi moxsenebebi waredgineba

yovel 2 weliwadSi. igive iTqmis “prioritetuli konvenciebis” Sesaxeb, romelic

exeba SromiT inspeqcias, dasaqmebis politikas da samxriv konsultaciebs.

moxsenebebis wardgena xdeba mmarTveli organos mier momzadebuli kiTxvaris

safuZvelze,romelic unda gadaeces ofiss yovel wels,1 ivnisidan 1 seqtembramde. im

qveynebma, romlebic xels aweren samxrivi konsultaciis (saerTaSoriso SromiTi

standartebi) konvencias, 1976 (# 144), mTavrobebs evalebaT konsultaciebi

damqiravebelTa da mSromelTa organizaciebTan moxsenebebis mzadebisas, magram im

qveynebis mTavrobebma romlebsac xeli ar mouweriaT # 144 konvenciaze,23 (2) muxlis

Tanaxmad unda warudginon TavianTi moxsenebis asli profkavSirebis

warmomadgenlobiT organizaciebs, rac saSualebas miscems maT gaakeTon sakuTari

komentarebi.

mSromelTa mxridan, profkavSirebis yvela organom unda gaamaxvilos yuradReba

komentarebis wardgenis movaleobaze Sromis saerTaSoriso ofisSi, ramdenadac am

komentarebs SeuZliaT zustad Seafason situacia. am komentarebis ararsebobis

SemTxvevaSi, mxolod mTavrobis mier wardgenili dokumentebi gamoiyeneba mocemul

qveyanaSi arsebuli mdgomareobis gansazRvrisaTvis. zemoTaRniSnuli komentarebi

samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT Seiswavleba damoukidebeli eqspertebis mier.

komitetis analizi gamoqveyndeba konvenciebisa da rekomendaciebis gamoyenebis

Sesaxeb eqspertTa komitetis moxsenebaSi da gadaecema yvela wevr qveyanas,mTavrobas,

damqiravebelTa da mSromelTa organizaciebs. yovel wels,sami wevrisagan Semdgari

standartTa gamoyenebis komiteti, romelic ikribeba saerTaSoriso SromiT

konferenciaze da akeTebs moxsenebas mogvianebiT, Seiswavlis ra eqspertTa mier

warmodgenil saqmeebs da mSromelTa da damqiravebelTa winadadebebs. komitetma

SesaZloa moiTxovos mTavrobebisgan angariSis wardgena maT qveyanaSi arsebul

mdgomareobaze. eqspertebi yovel wels aRniSnaven profkavSirebidan miRebuli

komentarebis simcires maTi zogadi SeniSvnebis Sesaxeb. igi warmoadgens umTavres

etaps im saSualebaTa ierarqiaSi, rac xelmisawvdomia profkavSirebisaTvis,

ramdenadac es moxsenebebi warmoadgenen ufro uxeSi darRvevebisgan prevenciis

saSualebebs.

roca saqme exeba araratificirebul konvenciebs, mmarTveli organo yovelwliurad

ismens da gadawyvetilebebs Rebulobs detaluri moxsenebebis (konvenciebi da

rekomendaciebi, rogorc saWiroa) safuZvelze, romlebsac warmoadgenen wevri

saxelmwifoebi araratificirebul konvenciebTan dakavSirebiT. kidev erTxel unda

aRiniSnos, profkavSirebis organizaciebs SeuZliaT Seasrulon gadamwyveti roli

sakuTari komentarebis gagzavniT,rac saSualebas miscems eqspertTa komitets,raTa

momzaddes yvelaze obieqturi angariSi, rac ganixileba standartTa gamoyenebis

komitetis yovelwliur Sexvedraze. am ganxilvebis Sedegebi saSulebas iZleva

miRweul iqnas dokumentebis efeqturoba da arsebiTi Rirebuleba da SesaZleblobas

aZlevs mTavrobebs ganaaxlon TavianTi politika am sferoSi saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi

da Camoayalibon axali standartebi. mag. migranti mSromelebis zogadi kvleva

Catarda 1999 wels da jer dRemde rCeba mniSvnelovan sakiTxad yvela saqmeSi, rac

dakavSirebulia Sso-s konvenciebTan migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb. (ix. ufro

moxsenebebi ratificirebuli konvenciebis Sesaxeb

moxsenebebi araratificirebuli konvenciebis Sesaxeb

1947 (No.81),

1964 (No.122), , 1969 (No.129),

, 1976 (No.144). http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/index.htm

arsebobs oTxi prioritetuli konvencia: Sromis inspeqciis Sesaxeb konvencia dasaqmebis

politikis Sesaxeb Sromis inspeqcia (soflis meurneobaSi) da sammxrivi

konsultaciebis Sesaxeb (Sromis saerTaSoriso standartebi)

1947 (No.81),

1964 (No.122), , 1969 (No.129),

, 1976 (No.144). http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/index.htm

arsebobs oTxi prioritetuli konvencia: Sromis inspeqciis Sesaxeb konvencia dasaqmebis

politikis Sesaxeb Sromis inspeqcia (soflis meurneobaSi) da sammxrivi

konsultaciebis Sesaxeb (Sromis saerTaSoriso standartebi)

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reprezentaciebi (warmomadgenloba)

saCivrebi

ufro seriozuli darRvevebis SemTxvevaSi,profkavSirebis organizaciebs SeuZliaT

gamoiyenon Sso-s wesdebis 24-e muxliT gansazRvruli reprezentaciebis wardgenis

ufleba. reprezentacia aris specialuri procedura da warmoadgens misaRebadobis

mkacri kriteriumis standarts. rodesac misaRebadobis kriteriumi Sesruldeba

reprezentacia gadaecema administraciuli sabWos mier daniSnul samxriv komitets.

komiteti moxsenebas ugzavnis mmarTvel organos,romelSic ayalibebs daskvnebsa da

rekomendaciebs. mTavrobas SesaZlebloba aqvs gaagzavnos warmomadgeneli masTan

dakavSirebuli saqmis ganxilvebSi monawileobis misaRebad. mmarTveli organo

wyvets reprezentaciebis da mTavrobis pasuxebis gamoqveynebis saWiroebas.

ratificirebuli konvenciebis seriozuli darRvevebis SemTxvevaSi, saCivari

SesaZloa wardgenil iqnas Sso-s wesdebis 26-e muxlis Tanaxmad. es procedura

SeiZleba warmoebul iqnas erTi mTavrobis mier meores winaaRmdeg garkveuli

pirobebis mixedviT, magram amgvari ram iSviaTad xdeba. saCivari aseve SeiZleba

wamoiwyos administraciulma sabWom/mmarTvelma organom, xSir SemTxvevaSi

konferenciaze warmodgenili mxaris mier Sedgenili saCivris pasuxad. aseT

SemTxvevaSi mmarTveli organo ayalibebs gamoZiebis komisias,raTa Seswavlil iqnes

wamoWrili sakiTxi da gakeTdes Sesabamisi moxseneba. moxenebas gaecnoba mTavroba da

ganacxadebs,eTanxmeba Tu ara masSi arsebul daskvnebs. miuReblobis SemTxvevaSi,unda

gairkves,surT Tu ara waredginos moxseneba samarTlis saerTaSoriso sasamarTlos,

rogorc erTaderT kompetentur organos samarTleblivi davebis sakiTxSi.

saerTaSoriso sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba sabolooa. amgvari saCivrebis

procedura dasaSvebia mxolod ratifcirebuli konvenciebis uxeSi darRvevis

SemTxevaSi. es procedura gamoyenebul iqna ukanasknel wlebSi belorusiis

SemTxvevaSi,gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT da mianmaris (birma)

winaaRmdeg iZulebiT SromasTan dakavSirebiT.

reprezentaciebi (warmomadgenloba)

saCivrebi

ufro seriozuli darRvevebis SemTxvevaSi,profkavSirebis organizaciebs SeuZliaT

gamoiyenon Sso-s wesdebis 24-e muxliT gansazRvruli reprezentaciebis wardgenis

ufleba. reprezentacia aris specialuri procedura da warmoadgens misaRebadobis

mkacri kriteriumis standarts. rodesac misaRebadobis kriteriumi Sesruldeba

reprezentacia gadaecema administraciuli sabWos mier daniSnul samxriv komitets.

komiteti moxsenebas ugzavnis mmarTvel organos,romelSic ayalibebs daskvnebsa da

rekomendaciebs. mTavrobas SesaZlebloba aqvs gaagzavnos warmomadgeneli masTan

dakavSirebuli saqmis ganxilvebSi monawileobis misaRebad. mmarTveli organo

wyvets reprezentaciebis da mTavrobis pasuxebis gamoqveynebis saWiroebas.

ratificirebuli konvenciebis seriozuli darRvevebis SemTxvevaSi, saCivari

SesaZloa wardgenil iqnas Sso-s wesdebis 26-e muxlis Tanaxmad. es procedura

SeiZleba warmoebul iqnas erTi mTavrobis mier meores winaaRmdeg garkveuli

pirobebis mixedviT, magram amgvari ram iSviaTad xdeba. saCivari aseve SeiZleba

wamoiwyos administraciulma sabWom/mmarTvelma organom, xSir SemTxvevaSi

konferenciaze warmodgenili mxaris mier Sedgenili saCivris pasuxad. aseT

SemTxvevaSi mmarTveli organo ayalibebs gamoZiebis komisias,raTa Seswavlil iqnes

wamoWrili sakiTxi da gakeTdes Sesabamisi moxseneba. moxenebas gaecnoba mTavroba da

ganacxadebs,eTanxmeba Tu ara masSi arsebul daskvnebs. miuReblobis SemTxvevaSi,unda

gairkves,surT Tu ara waredginos moxseneba samarTlis saerTaSoriso sasamarTlos,

rogorc erTaderT kompetentur organos samarTleblivi davebis sakiTxSi.

saerTaSoriso sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba sabolooa. amgvari saCivrebis

procedura dasaSvebia mxolod ratifcirebuli konvenciebis uxeSi darRvevis

SemTxevaSi. es procedura gamoyenebul iqna ukanasknel wlebSi belorusiis

SemTxvevaSi,gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT da mianmaris (birma)

winaaRmdeg iZulebiT SromasTan dakavSirebiT.


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reprezentaciis dasaSveblobis uzrunvelsayofad aucilebelia, rom: igi Sromis saerTaSoriso

organizacias gaegzavnos werilobiTi formiT; warmdgeni unda iyos an damsaqmebelTa asociacia an

dasaqmebulTa gaerTianeba; reprezentacia unda exebodes Sso-s wesdebis 24-e muxls; unda exebodes Sso-s

wevrs; unda exebodes Sso-s wevri qveynis mier ratificirebul konvencias da aRwerili unda iyos is Tu

rogor ver SeZlo aRniSnulma Sso-s wevrma konvenciis efeqturad ganxorcieleba misi iurisdiqciis

farglebSi

reprezentaciis dasaSveblobis uzrunvelsayofad aucilebelia, rom: igi Sromis saerTaSoriso

organizacias gaegzavnos werilobiTi formiT; warmdgeni unda iyos an damsaqmebelTa asociacia an

dasaqmebulTa gaerTianeba; reprezentacia unda exebodes Sso-s wesdebis 24-e muxls; unda exebodes Sso-s

wevrs; unda exebodes Sso-s wevri qveynis mier ratificirebul konvencias da aRwerili unda iyos is Tu

rogor ver SeZlo aRniSnulma Sso-s wevrma konvenciis efeqturad ganxorcieleba misi iurisdiqciis

farglebSi

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gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetisadmi wardgenili saCivrebi

deklaraciis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi

yvela es specialuri procedura gamoiyeneba mxolod konvenciebis ratificirebis

SemTxvevaSi. miuxedavad amisa, arsebobs gamonaklisebi. es aris komitetisadmi

wardgenili saCivrebi gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb. komiteti ganixilavs

gaerTianebis uflebis darRvevis SemTxvevebs,miuxedavad imisa,xsenebul saxelmwifos

evaleba Tu ara konvenciis mixedviT gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis dacva. faqtiurad #

87 da # 98 konvenciaSi dadgenili principebi warmodgenilia Sso-s wesdebaSi da

wevrobis faqtis gaTvaliswinebiT, organizaciis yvela wevri saxelmwifo movalea

daicvas isini. saCivrebi ganixileba sami wevrisagan Semdgari komitetis mier,romelic

ikribeba weliwadSi samjer da moxsenebas warudgens mmarTvel organos. es

moxsenebebi unda iyos sajaro.

rogorc aRiniSna gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetisadmi saCivrebis wardgena

xdeba saerTo wesidan gamonaklisis saxiT, vinaidan sxva danarCen SemTxvevebSi

saCivris aRZvra profkavSirebisaTvis xelmisawvdomia mxolod ratificirebul

konvenciebTan dakavSirebiT. araratificirebuli dokumentebis SemTxvevaSi,

delkaraciis yovelwliuri sameTvalyureo meqanizmi profkavSirebs mainc

uzrunvelyofs zemoqmedebis saSualebebiT. mTavrobebs yovel wels moeTxovebaT

moxsenebis wardgena,Sso-s mmarTveli organos mier momzadebuli formebis mixedviT,

de iure da de faqto situaciebis Sesaxeb maT mier xelmouwerel konvenciebSi

arsebuli fundamenturi principebTan dakavSirebiT. ueWvelia is, rom

profkavSirebidan komentarebis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi, komitets eqneba mxolod

nawilobrivi warmodgena arsebuli faqtebis Sesaxeb.

miuxedavad imisa,rom xandaxan garkveuli wreebi Sso-s efeqturobas ramdemine eWvqveS

ayeneben, es sakiTxi profkavSirul organizaciebsac Seexeba. maT xeli Seuwyes Sso-s

aRWurvas aRniSnuli unikaluri instrumentebiT da maTzevea dakisrebuli am

potencialis optimaluri gamoyenebis xelSewyoba. profkavSirebis organoebi

yuradRebiT unda moekidon maTi arsebobis mTavar mizans: mSromelTa uflebebis

dacvas. es dacva agreTve gulisxmobs maTi mxridan CarTulobas da ufro met

valdebulebas Sso-s konvenciebis dasacavad, raTa dagmobil iqnes konvenciis

darRvevis SemTxvevebi.

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetisadmi wardgenili saCivrebi

deklaraciis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi

yvela es specialuri procedura gamoiyeneba mxolod konvenciebis ratificirebis

SemTxvevaSi. miuxedavad amisa, arsebobs gamonaklisebi. es aris komitetisadmi

wardgenili saCivrebi gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb. komiteti ganixilavs

gaerTianebis uflebis darRvevis SemTxvevebs,miuxedavad imisa,xsenebul saxelmwifos

evaleba Tu ara konvenciis mixedviT gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis dacva. faqtiurad #

87 da # 98 konvenciaSi dadgenili principebi warmodgenilia Sso-s wesdebaSi da

wevrobis faqtis gaTvaliswinebiT, organizaciis yvela wevri saxelmwifo movalea

daicvas isini. saCivrebi ganixileba sami wevrisagan Semdgari komitetis mier,romelic

ikribeba weliwadSi samjer da moxsenebas warudgens mmarTvel organos. es

moxsenebebi unda iyos sajaro.

rogorc aRiniSna gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetisadmi saCivrebis wardgena

xdeba saerTo wesidan gamonaklisis saxiT, vinaidan sxva danarCen SemTxvevebSi

saCivris aRZvra profkavSirebisaTvis xelmisawvdomia mxolod ratificirebul

konvenciebTan dakavSirebiT. araratificirebuli dokumentebis SemTxvevaSi,

delkaraciis yovelwliuri sameTvalyureo meqanizmi profkavSirebs mainc

uzrunvelyofs zemoqmedebis saSualebebiT. mTavrobebs yovel wels moeTxovebaT

moxsenebis wardgena,Sso-s mmarTveli organos mier momzadebuli formebis mixedviT,

de iure da de faqto situaciebis Sesaxeb maT mier xelmouwerel konvenciebSi

arsebuli fundamenturi principebTan dakavSirebiT. ueWvelia is, rom

profkavSirebidan komentarebis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi, komitets eqneba mxolod

nawilobrivi warmodgena arsebuli faqtebis Sesaxeb.

miuxedavad imisa,rom xandaxan garkveuli wreebi Sso-s efeqturobas ramdemine eWvqveS

ayeneben, es sakiTxi profkavSirul organizaciebsac Seexeba. maT xeli Seuwyes Sso-s

aRWurvas aRniSnuli unikaluri instrumentebiT da maTzevea dakisrebuli am

potencialis optimaluri gamoyenebis xelSewyoba. profkavSirebis organoebi

yuradRebiT unda moekidon maTi arsebobis mTavar mizans: mSromelTa uflebebis

dacvas. es dacva agreTve gulisxmobs maTi mxridan CarTulobas da ufro met

valdebulebas Sso-s konvenciebis dasacavad, raTa dagmobil iqnes konvenciis

darRvevis SemTxvevebi.

85

Sso-s sazedamxedvelo sistemis gavlena

sxvadasxva sazedamxedvelo meqanizmis gavlena sakmaod mniSvnelovania. am sistemaSi

profkavSirebis monawileoba maRalRirebulebiTia saerTaSoriso organizaciebs

Soris. eqspertTa komitetma da gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetma daamtkica,rom

migrant mSromelebs aqvT ufleba Camoayalibon an SeuerTdnen profkavSirebs da

amasTanave daculebi iyvnen diskriminaciis nebismieri gamovlinebisagan.

komitetis SeniSvnebi iwvevs kanonebis Secvlas qveynebSi. magaliTad,Sso-s eqspertTa

komitetis SeniSvnebis Sedegad gairkva, rom 1948 wlis # 87 konvenciis Tanaxmad

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebisa da organizebis uflebis dacvis Sesaxeb,kamerunis,Cadis

da nigeriis kanonmdebloba ar iyo SesabamisobaSi zemoTaRniSnul konvenciasTan da

am qveynebma Sesworebebi Seitanes kanonebSi, raTa saSualeba hqonodaT migrant

mSromelebs SeerTebodnen profkavSirebs qvyanaSi cxovrebis garkveuli periodis

gasvlis Semdeg konvenciis me-3 muxlis Sesabamisad.

fineTis da luqsemburgis mTavrobebma Sesworebebi Seitanes TavianT

kanonmdeblobaSi. moixsna SezRudvebi migrantTa didi nawilisaTvis, romlebsac

SeeZloT gamxdariyvnen profkavSiris wevrebi, riTac qveynis kanonmdebloba

SesabamisobaSi moiyvanes konvenciis me-2 muxlis moTxovnasTan.

rac Seexeb aralegalur mdgomareobaSi myofi migranti mSromelebis uflebebs,

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komiteti ixseniebs maT konvenciis me-2 muxlSi,romelic

aRiarebs mSromelTa uflebas sakuTari nebiT daarsoon an SeuerTnen arsebul

organizaciebs maTi statusis miuxedavad.

Sso-s sazedamxedvelo sistemis gavlena

sxvadasxva sazedamxedvelo meqanizmis gavlena sakmaod mniSvnelovania. am sistemaSi

profkavSirebis monawileoba maRalRirebulebiTia saerTaSoriso organizaciebs

Soris. eqspertTa komitetma da gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetma daamtkica,rom

migrant mSromelebs aqvT ufleba Camoayalibon an SeuerTdnen profkavSirebs da

amasTanave daculebi iyvnen diskriminaciis nebismieri gamovlinebisagan.

komitetis SeniSvnebi iwvevs kanonebis Secvlas qveynebSi. magaliTad,Sso-s eqspertTa

komitetis SeniSvnebis Sedegad gairkva, rom 1948 wlis # 87 konvenciis Tanaxmad

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebisa da organizebis uflebis dacvis Sesaxeb,kamerunis,Cadis

da nigeriis kanonmdebloba ar iyo SesabamisobaSi zemoTaRniSnul konvenciasTan da

am qveynebma Sesworebebi Seitanes kanonebSi, raTa saSualeba hqonodaT migrant

mSromelebs SeerTebodnen profkavSirebs qvyanaSi cxovrebis garkveuli periodis

gasvlis Semdeg konvenciis me-3 muxlis Sesabamisad.

fineTis da luqsemburgis mTavrobebma Sesworebebi Seitanes TavianT

kanonmdeblobaSi. moixsna SezRudvebi migrantTa didi nawilisaTvis, romlebsac

SeeZloT gamxdariyvnen profkavSiris wevrebi, riTac qveynis kanonmdebloba

SesabamisobaSi moiyvanes konvenciis me-2 muxlis moTxovnasTan.

rac Seexeb aralegalur mdgomareobaSi myofi migranti mSromelebis uflebebs,

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komiteti ixseniebs maT konvenciis me-2 muxlSi,romelic

aRiarebs mSromelTa uflebas sakuTari nebiT daarsoon an SeuerTnen arsebul

organizaciebs maTi statusis miuxedavad.


sakontrolo kiTxvebis sia Sso-s procedurebis ukeT gamosayeneblad

SeniSvna: am siaSi Cven viyenebT termins “wardgineba”,rogorc reprezentaciasTan,

aseve saCivrebTan dakavSirebiT.

Tqvenma qveyanam moawera xeli konvencias? Tqven ver gaakeTebT reprezentacias,

Tuki konvencia ar aris ratificirebuli Tqveni qveynis mier. SeniSvna: es ar

exeba gaerTianebis TavisuflebasTan dakavSirebul saqmeebs.

Tqvens mier wardgenil dokumentSi arsebuli sakiTxi ramdenad jdeba

konvenciis kompetenciis farglebSi?

SegiZliaT Tu ara miiRoT daxmareba,raTa Tqveni wardgineba samarTleblivad

gamarTulad iyos Sedgenili?

gagaCniaT zusti detalebi darRvevis Sesaxeb? Tqven gWirdebaT saxelwodebebi,

TariRebi,adgilebi.

ra nabijebi gadadgiT am sakiTxis erovnul doneze gadasaWrelad? (ar aris

aucilebeli erovnuli procedurebis gamoyeneba wardgenis gadacemamde)

iciT Tu ara ra saxis wardginebebi gakeTda Tqvens qveyanaSi sxva

organizaciebis an globalur profkavSirTa federaciebis mier da rogor

ganviTarda movlenebi?

SegiZliaT gaakeToT erToblivi wardgineba Tqvens qveyanaSi arsebul sxva

organizaciasTan erTad an sxva saerTaSoriso organizaciasTan, rogoricaa

globalur kavSirTa federacia an profkavSirTa saerTaSoriso konfederacia?

xarT Tu ara mzad iTanamSromloT migrant mSromelTa asociaciasTan an

arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan?

�

�

�

�

�

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sakontrolo kiTxvebis sia Sso-s procedurebis ukeT gamosayeneblad

SeniSvna: am siaSi Cven viyenebT termins “wardgineba”,rogorc reprezentaciasTan,

aseve saCivrebTan dakavSirebiT.

Tqvenma qveyanam moawera xeli konvencias? Tqven ver gaakeTebT reprezentacias,

Tuki konvencia ar aris ratificirebuli Tqveni qveynis mier. SeniSvna: es ar

exeba gaerTianebis TavisuflebasTan dakavSirebul saqmeebs.

Tqvens mier wardgenil dokumentSi arsebuli sakiTxi ramdenad jdeba

konvenciis kompetenciis farglebSi?

SegiZliaT Tu ara miiRoT daxmareba,raTa Tqveni wardgineba samarTleblivad

gamarTulad iyos Sedgenili?

gagaCniaT zusti detalebi darRvevis Sesaxeb? Tqven gWirdebaT saxelwodebebi,

TariRebi,adgilebi.

ra nabijebi gadadgiT am sakiTxis erovnul doneze gadasaWrelad? (ar aris

aucilebeli erovnuli procedurebis gamoyeneba wardgenis gadacemamde)

iciT Tu ara ra saxis wardginebebi gakeTda Tqvens qveyanaSi sxva

organizaciebis an globalur profkavSirTa federaciebis mier da rogor

ganviTarda movlenebi?

SegiZliaT gaakeToT erToblivi wardgineba Tqvens qveyanaSi arsebul sxva

organizaciasTan erTad an sxva saerTaSoriso organizaciasTan, rogoricaa

globalur kavSirTa federacia an profkavSirTa saerTaSoriso konfederacia?

xarT Tu ara mzad iTanamSromloT migrant mSromelTa asociaciasTan an

arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan?

me

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86


Sso-s procedurebis gamoyeneba migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dasacavad

espaneTi

espaneTis mSromelTa profkavSirma waradgina saCivari espaneTis mTavrobis

winaaRmdeg Sso-s gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetSi. isini miiCnevdnen, rom

axali kanoni zRudavda gaerTianebis Tavisuflebas,profkavSirSi gawevrianebis

uflebas da aralegali ucxoeli mSromelebis gaficvis uflebas.

misaTvis, raTa zogadi warmodgena Seiqmnas Tu rogor muSaobs gaerTianebis

Tavisuflebis komiteti , Cven qvemoT warmogidgenT mis daskvnebs.

komitetma gaiziara espanuri profkavSirebis pozicia da mTavrobas kanonSi

Sesworebebis Setana mosTxova.

559. komiteti aRniSnavs, rom espanel mSromelTa mTavari kavSiri amtkicebs, rom

axali kanoni ucxoelebis Sesaxeb (aqti # 8/2000 espaneTSi myofi ucxoelebis

uflebebis da maTi sazogadoebrivi integraciis Sesaxeb) zRudavs ucxo qveynebis

moqalaqeTa profkavSirul uflebebs,xdis ra aucilebels specialuri nebarTvis

qonas maTi qveyanaSi yofnisTvis.

560. komiteti aseve yuradRebas amaxvilebs mTavrobis gancxadebaze,

diskriminaciaSi braldebis sapasuxod imis Taobaze rom kanonSi Setanili

Sesworebebi ver uzrunvelyofs ucxoelTa mdgomareobis gamosworebas

adgilobriv mSromelebTan SedarebiT, ramdenadac adgens aSkara sxvaobebs e.w.

“legalur” ucxoelebs (romelTac gaaCniaT adgilobrivi mSromelebis

Tanaswori profkavSirebis uflebebi) da “aralegalur” ucxoelebs Soris.

mizans warmoadgens saimigracio nakadis gakontroleba da brZola trefikingis

mafiis winaaRmdeg, romlebic adamianebiT vaWroben da Semdgomi nabijebis

gamoyeneba,rac mkveTrad mijnavs erTmaneTisgan,erTis mxriv erovnebiT espanel

da legalurad mcxovreb ucxoels da meores mxriv aralegal ucxoels.

561. zemoTmocemuli informaciis Sesabamisad komiteti adgens,rom am SemTxvevaSi

mocemuli saqme moiTxovs imis gadawyvetas, SesaZlebelia Tu ara gaerTianebis

Tavisuflebis konvenciaSi warmodgenili cneba “mSromelis” ufro farTo

konteqstSi interpretireba, rogorc amas momCivani moiTxovs. Sesabamisad,

komiteti acxadebs,rom # 87 konvenciis me-2 muxli aRiarebs ganurCevlad yvela

mSromelis uflebas daaarson an SeuerTdnen organizaciebs sakuTari surviliT

winaswari nebarTvis gareSe. amisda mixedviT, komiteti moiTxovs mTavrobisgan

mxedvelobaSi miiRon # 87 konvenciis me-2 muxlis pirobebi. komiteti aseve xazs

usvams, rom profkavSirebs unda hqondeT ufleba mxari dauWiron konvenciiT

gaTvaliswinebul mSromelTa uflebebs maTi interesebis dasacavad. (gTk,

saqme # 2121)

(CFA)

CFA,

komitetis daskvnebi:

Sso-s procedurebis gamoyeneba migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dasacavad

espaneTi

espaneTis mSromelTa profkavSirma waradgina saCivari espaneTis mTavrobis

winaaRmdeg Sso-s gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetSi. isini miiCnevdnen, rom

axali kanoni zRudavda gaerTianebis Tavisuflebas,profkavSirSi gawevrianebis

uflebas da aralegali ucxoeli mSromelebis gaficvis uflebas.

misaTvis, raTa zogadi warmodgena Seiqmnas Tu rogor muSaobs gaerTianebis

Tavisuflebis komiteti , Cven qvemoT warmogidgenT mis daskvnebs.

komitetma gaiziara espanuri profkavSirebis pozicia da mTavrobas kanonSi

Sesworebebis Setana mosTxova.

559. komiteti aRniSnavs, rom espanel mSromelTa mTavari kavSiri amtkicebs, rom

axali kanoni ucxoelebis Sesaxeb (aqti # 8/2000 espaneTSi myofi ucxoelebis

uflebebis da maTi sazogadoebrivi integraciis Sesaxeb) zRudavs ucxo qveynebis

moqalaqeTa profkavSirul uflebebs,xdis ra aucilebels specialuri nebarTvis

qonas maTi qveyanaSi yofnisTvis.

560. komiteti aseve yuradRebas amaxvilebs mTavrobis gancxadebaze,

diskriminaciaSi braldebis sapasuxod imis Taobaze rom kanonSi Setanili

Sesworebebi ver uzrunvelyofs ucxoelTa mdgomareobis gamosworebas

adgilobriv mSromelebTan SedarebiT, ramdenadac adgens aSkara sxvaobebs e.w.

“legalur” ucxoelebs (romelTac gaaCniaT adgilobrivi mSromelebis

Tanaswori profkavSirebis uflebebi) da “aralegalur” ucxoelebs Soris.

mizans warmoadgens saimigracio nakadis gakontroleba da brZola trefikingis

mafiis winaaRmdeg, romlebic adamianebiT vaWroben da Semdgomi nabijebis

gamoyeneba,rac mkveTrad mijnavs erTmaneTisgan,erTis mxriv erovnebiT espanel

da legalurad mcxovreb ucxoels da meores mxriv aralegal ucxoels.

561. zemoTmocemuli informaciis Sesabamisad komiteti adgens,rom am SemTxvevaSi

mocemuli saqme moiTxovs imis gadawyvetas, SesaZlebelia Tu ara gaerTianebis

Tavisuflebis konvenciaSi warmodgenili cneba “mSromelis” ufro farTo

konteqstSi interpretireba, rogorc amas momCivani moiTxovs. Sesabamisad,

komiteti acxadebs,rom # 87 konvenciis me-2 muxli aRiarebs ganurCevlad yvela

mSromelis uflebas daaarson an SeuerTdnen organizaciebs sakuTari surviliT

winaswari nebarTvis gareSe. amisda mixedviT, komiteti moiTxovs mTavrobisgan

mxedvelobaSi miiRon # 87 konvenciis me-2 muxlis pirobebi. komiteti aseve xazs

usvams, rom profkavSirebs unda hqondeT ufleba mxari dauWiron konvenciiT

gaTvaliswinebul mSromelTa uflebebs maTi interesebis dasacavad. (gTk,

saqme # 2121)

(CFA)

CFA,

komitetis daskvnebi:

87


hong kongi (CineTi)

filipinebis profkavSirebis kongresma waradgina #97 konvenciasTan

dakavSirebuli reprezentacia Sso-s winaSe migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb

ratificirebuli hong kongis (CineTi) mier. filipinebis profkavSiris kongresis

reprezentaciam moipova sajaro mxardaWera filipinebis mTavrobisgan.

moxsenebis savaraudo mtkiceba mdgomareobda CineTi mTavrobis mier # 97

konvenciis daucvelobaSi hong kongis specialuri administraciuli regionTan

(sar) mimarTebiT. mtkiceba Seexeboda hong kongis mTavrobis mier mowonebul

garkveul RonisZiebebs, romlebic gavlenas axdendnen ucxoeli

Sidamosamsaxureebis xelfassa da socialur daculobaze da aseve

araxelsayreli iyo filipineli mSromelebisTvis,arRvevda ra Sso-s konvenciis

me-6 muxls,romelic uzrunvelyofs Tanabar mopyrobas.

konkretuli RonisZiebebi Seicavda:

a) minimalur normirebul xelfass ucxoeli SidamosamsaxureebisTvis 400 hong-

kongis dolaramde,romelic ZalaSi Sevida 2003wlis aprilSi;

b) daqiravebul mSromelTa gadamzadebis gadasaxads 400 hong kongis dolaridan,

rac moeTxovebodaT am mSromelTa damqiraveblebs, ZalaSi Sesuls 2003 wlis

oqtomberSi da

g)SesaZlo gamonaklisebi subsidirebuli sajaro jandacvis servisebidan

ucxoeli Sida mSromelebisTvis,romlebsac ar ucxovriaT hong kongSi (CineTi)

bolo Svidi wlis manZilze.

konvenciebis da rekomendaciebis aRsrulebis qspertTa komiteti

regularulad akeTebs komentars amgvar sakiTxebze, ris Sedegadac mTavrobam

daiwyo sajaro kampania mSromelTa SeRavaTebis Sesaxeb.

hong kongi (CineTi)

filipinebis profkavSirebis kongresma waradgina #97 konvenciasTan

dakavSirebuli reprezentacia Sso-s winaSe migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb

ratificirebuli hong kongis (CineTi) mier. filipinebis profkavSiris kongresis

reprezentaciam moipova sajaro mxardaWera filipinebis mTavrobisgan.

moxsenebis savaraudo mtkiceba mdgomareobda CineTi mTavrobis mier # 97

konvenciis daucvelobaSi hong kongis specialuri administraciuli regionTan

(sar) mimarTebiT. mtkiceba Seexeboda hong kongis mTavrobis mier mowonebul

garkveul RonisZiebebs, romlebic gavlenas axdendnen ucxoeli

Sidamosamsaxureebis xelfassa da socialur daculobaze da aseve

araxelsayreli iyo filipineli mSromelebisTvis,arRvevda ra Sso-s konvenciis

me-6 muxls,romelic uzrunvelyofs Tanabar mopyrobas.

konkretuli RonisZiebebi Seicavda:

a) minimalur normirebul xelfass ucxoeli SidamosamsaxureebisTvis 400 hong-

kongis dolaramde,romelic ZalaSi Sevida 2003wlis aprilSi;

b) daqiravebul mSromelTa gadamzadebis gadasaxads 400 hong kongis dolaridan,

rac moeTxovebodaT am mSromelTa damqiraveblebs, ZalaSi Sesuls 2003 wlis

oqtomberSi da

g)SesaZlo gamonaklisebi subsidirebuli sajaro jandacvis servisebidan

ucxoeli Sida mSromelebisTvis,romlebsac ar ucxovriaT hong kongSi (CineTi)

bolo Svidi wlis manZilze.

konvenciebis da rekomendaciebis aRsrulebis qspertTa komiteti

regularulad akeTebs komentars amgvar sakiTxebze, ris Sedegadac mTavrobam

daiwyo sajaro kampania mSromelTa SeRavaTebis Sesaxeb.

me

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SeerTebuli Statebi: hofmanis saqme

2002 wels aSS-s uzenaesma sasamarTlom gamoitana gadawyvetileba, romelic

cnobilia saxeliT “hofmani erovnuli SromiTi urTierTobis sabWos

winaaRmdeg”.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT dadginda, rom dokumentis armqone

mSromels Tavisi saimigracio statusis gamo ar SeeZlo Tavisi miuRebeli

saxelfaso davalianebis anazRaurebis moTxovna,Tundac usamarTlod yofiliyo

daTxovili samsaxuridan profesiuli kavSiris SeqmnisaTvis. mosamarTleTa

umetesobam ganacxada,rom imigraciis politika da SromiTi kanoni konfliqtSia

erTmaneTTan da ZalaSi Sesuli saimigracio kanons upiratesoba eniWeba kidevac

SromiT kanonTan SedarebiT. oTxma mosamarTlem ganacxada, rom ar arsebobda

amgvari konfliqti da “saxelfaso davalianebis gacemis Sesaxeb brZaneba xels

ar SeuSlida saimigracio politikis implementacias,ufro metic,igi gvexmareba

xeli SevuSaloT ukanono moqmedebebs, romelTa aRkveTas cdilobs rogorc

SromiTi kanoni,aseve saemigraciis politika.”

adamianis uflebaTa damcveli organizaciis ( mixedviT,

“gadawyvetilebam hofmanis saqmeze gaamwvava migrant mSromelTa sazogadoebebSi

arsebuli problemebi samuSao adgilebze maTi uflebebisa dacvis sferoSi.

damqiraveblebi muqariT Seaxseneben mSromelebs, rom maTi daTxovna SeeZloT

profkavSirebis organizebisaTvis, samuSaoze yovelgvari aRdgenisa da

anazRaurebis perspeqtivis gareSe. hofmanis saqmis gadawyvetilebis gavleniT

mSromelebma ar ganagrZes profkavSirebis Seqmnis kampaniaSi monawileoba.

damqiraveblebi cdilobdnen hofmanis saqmis ufro gazrdas, emuqrebodnen ra

mSromelebs samsaxuridan daTxovniT, Tuki isini iCivlebdnen minimaluri

xelfasis,zedmeti samuSao saaTebis, janmrTelobisa da usafrTxoebis sferoSi

darRvevebisTvis, an sxva saxis saCivrebiT mimarTavdnen samTavrobo SromiT

saagentoebs.”

amerikis Sromis federacia da industriuli organizaciebis kongresma

(amerikis profkavSirebis konfederacia) da meqsikeli mSromelebis

konfederaciam (mmk) waradgina moxseneba Sso-Si am saqmeze.

2003 wels gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetma gamoaqveyna gadawyvetileba,rom

uzenaesi sasmarTlos gadawyvetilebam hofmanis saqmeze daarRvia gaerTianebis

Tavisuflebis principi. komitetma daaskvna,rom “xelfasis davalianebis miRebis

uflebis mospobiT dokumentis armqone mSromelebisTvis, gadawyvetileba

hofmanis saqmeze ugulvelyofs mSromelTa gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis uflebas.

gadawyvetileba saSualebas aZlevs damqiraveblebs pasuxismgeblobis gareSe

daarRvion mSromelTa gaerTianebis ufleba. mSromelebi aranairad ar arian

daculebi maTi uflebebis darRvevis SemTvevaSi.” (gTk; saqme #2227)

Human Rights Wath)

CFA,

SeerTebuli Statebi: hofmanis saqme

2002 wels aSS-s uzenaesma sasamarTlom gamoitana gadawyvetileba, romelic

cnobilia saxeliT “hofmani erovnuli SromiTi urTierTobis sabWos

winaaRmdeg”.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT dadginda, rom dokumentis armqone

mSromels Tavisi saimigracio statusis gamo ar SeeZlo Tavisi miuRebeli

saxelfaso davalianebis anazRaurebis moTxovna,Tundac usamarTlod yofiliyo

daTxovili samsaxuridan profesiuli kavSiris SeqmnisaTvis. mosamarTleTa

umetesobam ganacxada,rom imigraciis politika da SromiTi kanoni konfliqtSia

erTmaneTTan da ZalaSi Sesuli saimigracio kanons upiratesoba eniWeba kidevac

SromiT kanonTan SedarebiT. oTxma mosamarTlem ganacxada, rom ar arsebobda

amgvari konfliqti da “saxelfaso davalianebis gacemis Sesaxeb brZaneba xels

ar SeuSlida saimigracio politikis implementacias,ufro metic,igi gvexmareba

xeli SevuSaloT ukanono moqmedebebs, romelTa aRkveTas cdilobs rogorc

SromiTi kanoni,aseve saemigraciis politika.”

adamianis uflebaTa damcveli organizaciis ( mixedviT,

“gadawyvetilebam hofmanis saqmeze gaamwvava migrant mSromelTa sazogadoebebSi

arsebuli problemebi samuSao adgilebze maTi uflebebisa dacvis sferoSi.

damqiraveblebi muqariT Seaxseneben mSromelebs, rom maTi daTxovna SeeZloT

profkavSirebis organizebisaTvis, samuSaoze yovelgvari aRdgenisa da

anazRaurebis perspeqtivis gareSe. hofmanis saqmis gadawyvetilebis gavleniT

mSromelebma ar ganagrZes profkavSirebis Seqmnis kampaniaSi monawileoba.

damqiraveblebi cdilobdnen hofmanis saqmis ufro gazrdas, emuqrebodnen ra

mSromelebs samsaxuridan daTxovniT, Tuki isini iCivlebdnen minimaluri

xelfasis,zedmeti samuSao saaTebis, janmrTelobisa da usafrTxoebis sferoSi

darRvevebisTvis, an sxva saxis saCivrebiT mimarTavdnen samTavrobo SromiT

saagentoebs.”

amerikis Sromis federacia da industriuli organizaciebis kongresma

(amerikis profkavSirebis konfederacia) da meqsikeli mSromelebis

konfederaciam (mmk) waradgina moxseneba Sso-Si am saqmeze.

2003 wels gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis komitetma gamoaqveyna gadawyvetileba,rom

uzenaesi sasmarTlos gadawyvetilebam hofmanis saqmeze daarRvia gaerTianebis

Tavisuflebis principi. komitetma daaskvna,rom “xelfasis davalianebis miRebis

uflebis mospobiT dokumentis armqone mSromelebisTvis, gadawyvetileba

hofmanis saqmeze ugulvelyofs mSromelTa gaerTianebis Tavisuflebis uflebas.

gadawyvetileba saSualebas aZlevs damqiraveblebs pasuxismgeblobis gareSe

daarRvion mSromelTa gaerTianebis ufleba. mSromelebi aranairad ar arian

daculebi maTi uflebebis darRvevis SemTvevaSi.” (gTk; saqme #2227)

Human Rights Wath)

CFA,

89


ratifikaciisaTvis aucilebeli sakiTxebis CamonaTvali:

dakavSireba Sesabamis saministrosTan (rogorc wesi es aris Sromis

saministro) da konvenciebTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis garkveva da im

mizezebis gageba,Tu ratom ar xdeba konvenciis ratificireba.

daukavSirdiT parlamentis Tqvendami “megobrulad” ganwyobil wevrebs da

ganixileT sakiTxi maTTan erTad.

isaubreT sxva erovnul centrebTan (Tuki arsebobs aseTi) da gaarkvieT,Tuki

arsebobs raime saerTo midgomebi am sakiTxze TanamSromlobisaTvis.

isaubreT damqiraveblebTan da gaarkvieT, maT organizaciebs aqvT Tu ara

konkretuli mosazrebebi konvenciis ratifikaciasTan dakavSirebiT. Tuki

pasuxi uaryofiTia,Tqven minimum informirebuli iqnebiT amis Sesaxeb.

waredgina Tu ara rekomendaciebi da konvenciebi “kompetentur organos”?

(TiTqmis yovelTvis esaa parlamenti). Tuki es ar momxdara, wauyeneT maT

moTxovna ganixilon isini.

Tuki teqstebi waredgina parlaments,magram ratificirebis Sesaxeb araviTari

gadawyvetileba ar aris miRebuli, eZebeT saSualeba sakiTxis xelaxali

warmodgenisTvis. pirvel rigSi mimarTeT Sso-s farglebSi Catardes seminari

sami partniori mxaris monawileobiT.

wamoiwyeT sajaro kampania,gamoiyeneT media saSualebebi.

Sso-s specialists mSromelTa sakiTxebSi SeuZlia daxmareba gagiwioT Tqven.

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ratifikaciisaTvis aucilebeli sakiTxebis CamonaTvali:

dakavSireba Sesabamis saministrosTan (rogorc wesi es aris Sromis

saministro) da konvenciebTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis garkveva da im

mizezebis gageba,Tu ratom ar xdeba konvenciis ratificireba.

daukavSirdiT parlamentis Tqvendami “megobrulad” ganwyobil wevrebs da

ganixileT sakiTxi maTTan erTad.

isaubreT sxva erovnul centrebTan (Tuki arsebobs aseTi) da gaarkvieT,Tuki

arsebobs raime saerTo midgomebi am sakiTxze TanamSromlobisaTvis.

isaubreT damqiraveblebTan da gaarkvieT, maT organizaciebs aqvT Tu ara

konkretuli mosazrebebi konvenciis ratifikaciasTan dakavSirebiT. Tuki

pasuxi uaryofiTia,Tqven minimum informirebuli iqnebiT amis Sesaxeb.

waredgina Tu ara rekomendaciebi da konvenciebi “kompetentur organos”?

(TiTqmis yovelTvis esaa parlamenti). Tuki es ar momxdara, wauyeneT maT

moTxovna ganixilon isini.

Tuki teqstebi waredgina parlaments,magram ratificirebis Sesaxeb araviTari

gadawyvetileba ar aris miRebuli, eZebeT saSualeba sakiTxis xelaxali

warmodgenisTvis. pirvel rigSi mimarTeT Sso-s farglebSi Catardes seminari

sami partniori mxaris monawileobiT.

wamoiwyeT sajaro kampania,gamoiyeneT media saSualebebi.

Sso-s specialists mSromelTa sakiTxebSi SeuZlia daxmareba gagiwioT Tqven.

kampania ratificirebisTvis

migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis sakiTxSi mniSvnelovan faqtors

warmoadgens konvenciis ratificirebis kampaniis warmoeba, rac maT daculobas

uzrunvelyofs. esenia: Sso-s ori konvencia (# 97 da 143) da gaero-s konvencia.

kampania ratificirebisTvis

migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis sakiTxSi mniSvnelovan faqtors

warmoadgens konvenciis ratificirebis kampaniis warmoeba, rac maT daculobas

uzrunvelyofs. esenia: Sso-s ori konvencia (# 97 da 143) da gaero-s konvencia.

migrant mSromelTa uflebebis ZiriTadi sia Sso-s standartebis mixedviT

gamgzavrebamde da mgzavrobis dros

informaciis xelmisawvdomoba

migrantebs aqvT ufleba miiRon informacia,romelic Seexeba Sromisa da cxovrebis

ZiriTad pirobebs daniSnulebis qveyanaSi, an maTi potenciuri interesis sxva

sakiTxebs.

mowodebuli informacia unda iyos maT enaze an dialeqtze,an ukidures SemTxvevaSi

maTTvis gasageb enaze. informacia unda iyos ufasod miwodebuli.

migrant mSromelTa uflebebis ZiriTadi sia Sso-s standartebis mixedviT

gamgzavrebamde da mgzavrobis dros

informaciis xelmisawvdomoba

migrantebs aqvT ufleba miiRon informacia,romelic Seexeba Sromisa da cxovrebis

ZiriTad pirobebs daniSnulebis qveyanaSi, an maTi potenciuri interesis sxva

sakiTxebs.

mowodebuli informacia unda iyos maT enaze an dialeqtze,an ukidures SemTxvevaSi

maTTvis gasageb enaze. informacia unda iyos ufasod miwodebuli.

me

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vi

90


rekrutireba

daxmareba gamgzavrebisas

sabaJo SeRavaTebi

damkvidreba

rekrutireba ganxorcielebul unda iyos mxolod:

sajaro xelisuflebis mier;

momavali damqiraveblebis mier;

licenzirebuli kerZo saagentoebis mier.

momzadebis procesSi CarTuli damqiraveblebi da kerZo saagentoebi eqvemdebarebian

winaswari nebarTvis miRebas mTavrobis Sesabamisi organos mier da maTi saqmianoba

unda warimarTos oficialuri zedamxedvelobis mixedviT,raTa uzrunvelyos dacva

iseTi garTulebebisgan,rogoricaa:

damatebiTi gadasaxadebi;

SecdomaSi Semyvani propagandis gamoyeneba;

saimigracio kontrolisagan Tavis aridebis mcdeloba.

rodesac mTavrobebi iReben dasaqmebis sazedamxedvelo sistemas, migrantebs aqvT

ufleba gamgzavrebis win miiRon werilobiTi kontraqti dasaqmebis Sesaxeb,romelic

Seexeba samuSaos da dasaqmebis pirobebs,kerZod,saxelfaso ganakveTis odenobas.

migrantebs aqvT ufleba miiRon daxmareba saimigracio procesTan dakavSirebul

dokumentaciasTan da administraciuli formalobebis Sesaxeb. daxmareba ufaso

unda iyos. mSromelebi da maTi ojaxis wevrebs,romlebsac neba aqvT Tan axldnen mas,

ufleba aqvT gaiaron samedicino Semowmeba gamgzavrebamde da miiRon saTanado

samedicino daxmareba mgzavrobis dros. daimaxsovreT, rom testi fexmZimobaze an aiv

virusze adamianis uflebebis darRvevaa.

migrant mSromelebs aqvT ufleba Cavidnen daniSnulebis qveyanaSi sabaJo

gadasaxadis gadaxdis gareSe, maTi ojaxis wevrebTan erTad,romlebsac aqvT ufleba

Tan axldnen mas,igive exeba maTi saqmianobisTvis saWiro samuSao instrumentebsac.

Sesabamisi samuSao adgilis Zebnisas,migrantebs unda mieceT saSualeba isargeblon

saTanado sajaro momsaxurebiT gadasaxadebis gadaxdis da administraciuli

xarjebis gareSe.

migrantebs aqvT maTi axal garemoSi dasaxlebisTvis aucilebeli Semweobis miRebis

ufleba, mTargmnelobiT momsaxurebis da daxmarebis CaTvliT, dasaxlebaTan

dakavSirebuli administraciul sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT

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Casvla da misi Semdgomi periodi

rekrutireba

daxmareba gamgzavrebisas

sabaJo SeRavaTebi

damkvidreba

rekrutireba ganxorcielebul unda iyos mxolod:

sajaro xelisuflebis mier;

momavali damqiraveblebis mier;

licenzirebuli kerZo saagentoebis mier.

momzadebis procesSi CarTuli damqiraveblebi da kerZo saagentoebi eqvemdebarebian

winaswari nebarTvis miRebas mTavrobis Sesabamisi organos mier da maTi saqmianoba

unda warimarTos oficialuri zedamxedvelobis mixedviT,raTa uzrunvelyos dacva

iseTi garTulebebisgan,rogoricaa:

damatebiTi gadasaxadebi;

SecdomaSi Semyvani propagandis gamoyeneba;

saimigracio kontrolisagan Tavis aridebis mcdeloba.

rodesac mTavrobebi iReben dasaqmebis sazedamxedvelo sistemas, migrantebs aqvT

ufleba gamgzavrebis win miiRon werilobiTi kontraqti dasaqmebis Sesaxeb,romelic

Seexeba samuSaos da dasaqmebis pirobebs,kerZod,saxelfaso ganakveTis odenobas.

migrantebs aqvT ufleba miiRon daxmareba saimigracio procesTan dakavSirebul

dokumentaciasTan da administraciuli formalobebis Sesaxeb. daxmareba ufaso

unda iyos. mSromelebi da maTi ojaxis wevrebs,romlebsac neba aqvT Tan axldnen mas,

ufleba aqvT gaiaron samedicino Semowmeba gamgzavrebamde da miiRon saTanado

samedicino daxmareba mgzavrobis dros. daimaxsovreT, rom testi fexmZimobaze an aiv

virusze adamianis uflebebis darRvevaa.

migrant mSromelebs aqvT ufleba Cavidnen daniSnulebis qveyanaSi sabaJo

gadasaxadis gadaxdis gareSe, maTi ojaxis wevrebTan erTad,romlebsac aqvT ufleba

Tan axldnen mas,igive exeba maTi saqmianobisTvis saWiro samuSao instrumentebsac.

Sesabamisi samuSao adgilis Zebnisas,migrantebs unda mieceT saSualeba isargeblon

saTanado sajaro momsaxurebiT gadasaxadebis gadaxdis da administraciuli

xarjebis gareSe.

migrantebs aqvT maTi axal garemoSi dasaxlebisTvis aucilebeli Semweobis miRebis

ufleba, mTargmnelobiT momsaxurebis da daxmarebis CaTvliT, dasaxlebaTan

dakavSirebuli administraciul sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT

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Casvla da misi Semdgomi periodi

91


dasaqmebis pirobebis Tanasworoba, profesiuli momzadeba da migrant mSromelebTan

dakavSirebuli Temebi SesabamisobaSi unda movides Tanabar SesaZleblobebsa da

mopyrobasTan Semdegi sakiTxebis mixedviT:

profesiuli xelmZRvanelobisa da adgilze daniSvnis momsaxurebis

xelmisawvdomoba;

profesiuli momzadebisa da sakuTari survilis mixedviT dasaqmebis

SesaZlebloba,Sesabamisi treningisa da dasaqmebis individualuri Sesaferisobis

safuZvelze;

dawinaureba damsaxurebis mixedviT;

samsaxurebrivi usafrTxoeba;

alternatiuli dasaqmebis,msubuqi Sromis da gadamzadebis ufleba;

gadaxdis pirobebi da anazRaurebis yvela sxva forma;

profesiuli daculoba da jandacvis RonisZiebebi;

socialuri daculoba, konkretulad samsaxurebrivi dazianebis, dedobis,

avadmyofobis, invalidobis, moxucebulobis, sikvdilis, ojaxuri pasuxis-

mgeblobebis da umuSevrobis SemTxvevaSi;

gaerTianebis Tavisufleba da koleqtiuri molaparakebis uflebebi.

migrantebs unda mieceT samarTleblivi resursebis gamoyenebis ufleba iseve,rogorc

adgilobriv mSromelebs, samarTleblivi daxmarebis uflebis CaTvliT, Semdeg

sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT:

dasaqmebasTan dakavSirebuli davebi;

profkavSirebis uflebebis gamoyeneba.

socialurma politikam unda misces saSualeba migrant mSromelebs da maTi ojaxis

wevrebs isargeblon yvela im upiratesobiT,rac adgilobriv mSromelebs gaaCniaT.

amgvari midgomis elementebi SesaZloa Seicavdes:

ojaxis xelaxali SeerTebis xelSemwyob RonisZiebebs;

socialur momsaxurebebs,Targmanis servisis CaTvliT.

migrant mSromelebs aqvT ufleba gadaricxon TavianTi gamomuSavebuli Tanxidan da

danazogidan garkveuli Tanxa. raTqma unda, maT mxedvelobaSi unda miiRon

adgilobrivi erovnuli kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli SezRudvebi da wesdebebi,

romelic Seexeba valutis eqsportisa da importis sakiTxebs.

migranti mSromeli, romelic legalurad imyofeba qveyanaSi da romelic dakargavs

samuSaos,ar unda CaiTvalos aralegalur mdgomareobaSi myofad da unda mieces neba

gaixangrZlivos darCenis vada, rac miscems mas alternatiuli samsaxuris Zebnis

saSualebas.

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sasamarTlos xelmisawvdomoba

socialuri usafrTxoebis sakiTxebi

dasaxlebisa da samSobloSi dabrunebis sakiTxebi

dasaqmeba da statusi qveyanaSi

dasaqmebis pirobebis Tanasworoba, profesiuli momzadeba da migrant mSromelebTan

dakavSirebuli Temebi SesabamisobaSi unda movides Tanabar SesaZleblobebsa da

mopyrobasTan Semdegi sakiTxebis mixedviT:

profesiuli xelmZRvanelobisa da adgilze daniSvnis momsaxurebis

xelmisawvdomoba;

profesiuli momzadebisa da sakuTari survilis mixedviT dasaqmebis

SesaZlebloba,Sesabamisi treningisa da dasaqmebis individualuri Sesaferisobis

safuZvelze;

dawinaureba damsaxurebis mixedviT;

samsaxurebrivi usafrTxoeba;

alternatiuli dasaqmebis,msubuqi Sromis da gadamzadebis ufleba;

gadaxdis pirobebi da anazRaurebis yvela sxva forma;

profesiuli daculoba da jandacvis RonisZiebebi;

socialuri daculoba, konkretulad samsaxurebrivi dazianebis, dedobis,

avadmyofobis, invalidobis, moxucebulobis, sikvdilis, ojaxuri pasuxis-

mgeblobebis da umuSevrobis SemTxvevaSi;

gaerTianebis Tavisufleba da koleqtiuri molaparakebis uflebebi.

migrantebs unda mieceT samarTleblivi resursebis gamoyenebis ufleba iseve,rogorc

adgilobriv mSromelebs, samarTleblivi daxmarebis uflebis CaTvliT, Semdeg

sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT:

dasaqmebasTan dakavSirebuli davebi;

profkavSirebis uflebebis gamoyeneba.

socialurma politikam unda misces saSualeba migrant mSromelebs da maTi ojaxis

wevrebs isargeblon yvela im upiratesobiT,rac adgilobriv mSromelebs gaaCniaT.

amgvari midgomis elementebi SesaZloa Seicavdes:

ojaxis xelaxali SeerTebis xelSemwyob RonisZiebebs;

socialur momsaxurebebs,Targmanis servisis CaTvliT.

migrant mSromelebs aqvT ufleba gadaricxon TavianTi gamomuSavebuli Tanxidan da

danazogidan garkveuli Tanxa. raTqma unda, maT mxedvelobaSi unda miiRon

adgilobrivi erovnuli kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli SezRudvebi da wesdebebi,

romelic Seexeba valutis eqsportisa da importis sakiTxebs.

migranti mSromeli, romelic legalurad imyofeba qveyanaSi da romelic dakargavs

samuSaos,ar unda CaiTvalos aralegalur mdgomareobaSi myofad da unda mieces neba

gaixangrZlivos darCenis vada, rac miscems mas alternatiuli samsaxuris Zebnis

saSualebas.

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sasamarTlos xelmisawvdomoba

socialuri usafrTxoebis sakiTxebi

dasaxlebisa da samSobloSi dabrunebis sakiTxebi

dasaqmeba da statusi qveyanaSim

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i

92


migranti mSromelis statusTas dakavSirebuli davebis SemTxvevaSi, mSromels aqvs

ufleba waradginos Tavisi sakiTxi kompetenturi organos winaSe, rogorc piradad,

aseve warmomadgenlis meSveobiT.

im SemTxvevebSi, roca gadawyvetilebebi damakmayofilebeli iqneba, migrantebs unda

mieceT dro adrindel mdgomareobaSi dasabruneblad raTa ipovon alternatiuli

dasaqmeba da ainazRauron dakarguli xelfasi. migrant mSromelebs,romlebic arian

aralegalur situaciaSi da dava aqvT arsebul xelfasTan dakavSirebiT,unda mieceT

darCenis ufleba,sanam sakiTxi gadawydeba.

aralegalur mdgomareobaSi myof migrant mSromels, romlis mdgomareoba ver

regulirdeba,unda gaaCndes Tanabari mopyrobis ufleba,wina dasaqmebisas arsebuli

uflebebis mixedviT, romelic Seexeba anazRaurebas, socialur garantiebs da sxva

misTvis prioritetul sakiTxebs.

im SemTxvevaSi,rodesac migranti mSromelebis sakiTxis daregulireba ver xerxdeba

an rodesac isini gaTavisuflebis brZanebas eqvemdebarebian, maTi samSobloSi

dabrunebis xarjebi ar ifareba maT mier.

migranti mSromelis da misi ojaxis wevrebis piradi sakuTreba da saqmianobisTvis

saWiro iaraRebi unda gaTavisufldes sabaJo gadasaxadisgan mis samSobloSi

dabrunebisas.

imis gaTvaliswinebiT,rom maT SeinarCunes TavianTi warmoSobis qveynis moqalaqeoba,

qveyanaSi dabrunebul mSromelebs eniWebaT dasaqmebis sargeblobis ufleba,

yovelgvari sxva winapirobebis gareSe.

gamgzavreba daniSnulebis qveynidan

mSobliur qveyanaSi dabruneba

migranti mSromelis statusTas dakavSirebuli davebis SemTxvevaSi, mSromels aqvs

ufleba waradginos Tavisi sakiTxi kompetenturi organos winaSe, rogorc piradad,

aseve warmomadgenlis meSveobiT.

im SemTxvevebSi, roca gadawyvetilebebi damakmayofilebeli iqneba, migrantebs unda

mieceT dro adrindel mdgomareobaSi dasabruneblad raTa ipovon alternatiuli

dasaqmeba da ainazRauron dakarguli xelfasi. migrant mSromelebs,romlebic arian

aralegalur situaciaSi da dava aqvT arsebul xelfasTan dakavSirebiT,unda mieceT

darCenis ufleba,sanam sakiTxi gadawydeba.

aralegalur mdgomareobaSi myof migrant mSromels, romlis mdgomareoba ver

regulirdeba,unda gaaCndes Tanabari mopyrobis ufleba,wina dasaqmebisas arsebuli

uflebebis mixedviT, romelic Seexeba anazRaurebas, socialur garantiebs da sxva

misTvis prioritetul sakiTxebs.

im SemTxvevaSi,rodesac migranti mSromelebis sakiTxis daregulireba ver xerxdeba

an rodesac isini gaTavisuflebis brZanebas eqvemdebarebian, maTi samSobloSi

dabrunebis xarjebi ar ifareba maT mier.

migranti mSromelis da misi ojaxis wevrebis piradi sakuTreba da saqmianobisTvis

saWiro iaraRebi unda gaTavisufldes sabaJo gadasaxadisgan mis samSobloSi

dabrunebisas.

imis gaTvaliswinebiT,rom maT SeinarCunes TavianTi warmoSobis qveynis moqalaqeoba,

qveyanaSi dabrunebul mSromelebs eniWebaT dasaqmebis sargeblobis ufleba,

yovelgvari sxva winapirobebis gareSe.

gamgzavreba daniSnulebis qveynidan

mSobliur qveyanaSi dabruneba

gansaxilveli sakiTxebi me-5 TavisTvis

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romeli saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi aris ratificirebuli Tqveni qveynis

mier?

moawera xeli Tqvenma qveyanam migrant mSromelebTan dakavSirebul romelime

standarts?

ratificirebulia Tu ara Tqveni qveynis mier gaero-s saerTaSoriso konvencia

yvela migranti mSromelis da maTi ojaxis wevrebis uflebebis Sesaxeb?

miiReT Tu ara mTavrobis mier Sso-s sazedamxedvelo organosaTvis wardgenili

moxsenebebis aslebi?

ganaxorcieleT Tu ara reprezentacia konvenciaze?

migrantTa Sroma iTvleba saimigracio politikis sakiTxad Tu Sromis sakiTxad?

arsebuli SromiTi kanonebi aRiareben Tu ara migranti mSromelebis uflebebs?

warmodgenilia Tu ara kanonsa da politikaSi Sso-s standartebis mixedviT

Sedgenili sia migrant mSromelTa uflebebis Sesaxeb?

gansaxilveli sakiTxebi me-5 TavisTvis

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romeli saerTaSoriso SromiTi standartebi aris ratificirebuli Tqveni qveynis

mier?

moawera xeli Tqvenma qveyanam migrant mSromelebTan dakavSirebul romelime

standarts?

ratificirebulia Tu ara Tqveni qveynis mier gaero-s saerTaSoriso konvencia

yvela migranti mSromelis da maTi ojaxis wevrebis uflebebis Sesaxeb?

miiReT Tu ara mTavrobis mier Sso-s sazedamxedvelo organosaTvis wardgenili

moxsenebebis aslebi?

ganaxorcieleT Tu ara reprezentacia konvenciaze?

migrantTa Sroma iTvleba saimigracio politikis sakiTxad Tu Sromis sakiTxad?

arsebuli SromiTi kanonebi aRiareben Tu ara migranti mSromelebis uflebebs?

warmodgenilia Tu ara kanonsa da politikaSi Sso-s standartebis mixedviT

Sedgenili sia migrant mSromelTa uflebebis Sesaxeb?


aqtivoba: migranti mSromelebis uflebebi

mizani: SevTanxmdeT migranti mSromelebis uflebebis CamonaTvalze

amocana:

xelSekruleba/konvencia

muxlis nomerira uflebazea saubari

mSromelebis uflebebi

ratom aris mniSvnelovani

migranti mSromelisTvis

1. SearCieT adamianis uflebebis saerTaSoriso dokumentebidan (mag. S.s.o-s konvenciebi,

adamianis uflebebis sayovelTao deklaracia) is debulebebi,romlebic Tqveni azriT

yvelaze ufro relevanturia da specifikuri migranti mSromelebisTvis.

93


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SemecnebiTi savarjiSo

aqtivoba: migranti mSromelebis uflebebi erovnul konstituciaSi

mizani: ganixileT Tu ramdenadaa daculi migranti mSromelebis uflebebi Tqvens konstituciaSi

amocana:

migranti mSromelebis

uflebebi

msgavsi uflebebi Tqveni

qveynis konstituciaSi

an kanonebSi

(SeitaneT muxlis nomeri)

komentarebi am uflebebis

aRsrulebis Sesaxeb

1. aiReT Tqveni qveynis konstitucia/kanonebi; da maT safuZvelze SeadgineT migranti

mSromelebis uflebebis CamonaTvali

2. aris Tu ara saerTaSoriso samarTliT gaTvaliswinebuli mSromeli migrantebis

uflebebi asaxuli Tqveni qveynis konstituciaSi an kanonebSi.

3. SeadgineT cxrili da SeadareT migranti mSromelebis uflebebi Tqveni qveynis

konstituciiT/kanonebiT garantirebul uflebebs.

94


SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: SromiTi kanonmdebloba da migranti mSromelebi.

mizani: ganvixiloT ras ambobs SromiTi kanonmdebloba migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb.

amocana: 1. SegiZliaT es amocana ramdenime nawilad dayoT,es gagiadvilebT mis Sesrulebas.

2. airCieT am sakiTxze Tqveni qveynis kanonis erTi Tavi

3. SeamowmeT,vrceldeba Tu ara kanonmdeblobis muxlebi migrant mSromelebze.

95


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m e - 6 T a v i

Semdeg ra: profkavSirebis roli

am saxelmZRvaneloSi Tavidanve aRiniSna, rom migranti

mSromelebis Tema profkavSirebis dRis wesrigSi unda iyos.

winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, saxelmwifoebis mTavrobebi,

damsaqmeblebi da eqstremistuli jgufebi migranti

mSromelebis sakiTxs saTavisod gamoiyeneben.

am saxelmZRvaneloSi Tavidanve aRiniSna, rom migranti

mSromelebis Tema profkavSirebis dRis wesrigSi unda iyos.

winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, saxelmwifoebis mTavrobebi,

damsaqmeblebi da eqstremistuli jgufebi migranti

mSromelebis sakiTxs saTavisod gamoiyeneben.


am TavSi ixilavT msjelobas imis Taobaze, Tu ra unda

gaakeTon profkavSirebma migranti mSromelebis uflebebis

dasacavad. ukve dRes, profkavSirebi am mimarTulebiT bevr

rames akeTeben da miRebuli gamocdilebis safuZvelze

saxezea samomavlo moqmedebis konturebi.

miuxedavad imisa, Tqveni profkavSiruli organizacia

migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis Tu maspinZeli qveynis

organizaciaa,gasakeTebeli Zalian bevria!

ganxiluli iqneba profkavSirebis strategiis oTxi

ZiriTadi RerZi:

saemigracio politikaSi uflebebze dafuZnebuli

midgomis xelSewyoba.

sxva qveynebis profkavSirebTan aliansebis Camoyalibeba.

profkavSirebis wevrebis, gansakuTrebiT ki seqtoruli

liderebis da aqtivistebis ganaTleba da informireba.

uSualo kontaqtebi migrant mSromelebTan.

es am saxelmZRvanelos erT-erTi yvelaze didi Tavia da es

sruliad bunebrivia-saxelmZRvanelo xom profkavSirebis-

Tvisaa gankuTvnili!

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am TavSi ixilavT msjelobas imis Taobaze, Tu ra unda

gaakeTon profkavSirebma migranti mSromelebis uflebebis

dasacavad. ukve dRes, profkavSirebi am mimarTulebiT bevr

rames akeTeben da miRebuli gamocdilebis safuZvelze

saxezea samomavlo moqmedebis konturebi.

miuxedavad imisa, Tqveni profkavSiruli organizacia

migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis Tu maspinZeli qveynis

organizaciaa,gasakeTebeli Zalian bevria!

ganxiluli iqneba profkavSirebis strategiis oTxi

ZiriTadi RerZi:

saemigracio politikaSi uflebebze dafuZnebuli

midgomis xelSewyoba.

sxva qveynebis profkavSirebTan aliansebis Camoyalibeba.

profkavSirebis wevrebis, gansakuTrebiT ki seqtoruli

liderebis da aqtivistebis ganaTleba da informireba.

uSualo kontaqtebi migrant mSromelebTan.

es am saxelmZRvanelos erT-erTi yvelaze didi Tavia da es

sruliad bunebrivia-saxelmZRvanelo xom profkavSirebis-

Tvisaa gankuTvnili!

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98


iseve rogorc nebismieri profkavSiruli Tema, es sakiTxic dafuZnebulia ramdenime

sabaziso principze.

erTisaTvis miyenebuli ziani,yvelasTvis miyenebuli ziania.

erTad Cven Zlierebi varT,cal-calke davmarcxdebiT.

gaanaTle, gaxade motivirebuli,gaukeTe organizacia!

am da msgavs lozungebs Tqven ixilavT profkavSirebis auarebel banerebze,gazeTebSi

da posterebze mTeli msoflios maStabiT.

mTavaria moxdes am bazisuri principebis cxovrebaSia gatareba. bevrma

profkavSirulma organizaciam daiwyo am mimarTulebiT aqtiurad muSaoba da amis

Sedegad profkavSirebis rigebi axali wevrebiT Seivso.

arsebobs Sesabamisi instrumentebi da SemuSavebulia saTanado politika.

dokumentirebulia yvela warmatebuli gamocdilebis magaliTi.

S.s.o-s SromiTi migraciis mravalmxrivi CarCo gaxlavT erT-erTi bolo instrumenti,

romelic efeqturad unda iqnas gamoyenebuli.

unda moxdes S.s.o-s konvenciis propaganda,misi ratificireba da implementacia.

exla ki jeri profkavSirebzea, rom maT SesZlon zemoTxsenebuli principebis

ganxorcieleba.

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iseve rogorc nebismieri profkavSiruli Tema, es sakiTxic dafuZnebulia ramdenime

sabaziso principze.

erTisaTvis miyenebuli ziani,yvelasTvis miyenebuli ziania.

erTad Cven Zlierebi varT,cal-calke davmarcxdebiT.

gaanaTle, gaxade motivirebuli,gaukeTe organizacia!

am da msgavs lozungebs Tqven ixilavT profkavSirebis auarebel banerebze,gazeTebSi

da posterebze mTeli msoflios maStabiT.

mTavaria moxdes am bazisuri principebis cxovrebaSia gatareba. bevrma

profkavSirulma organizaciam daiwyo am mimarTulebiT aqtiurad muSaoba da amis

Sedegad profkavSirebis rigebi axali wevrebiT Seivso.

arsebobs Sesabamisi instrumentebi da SemuSavebulia saTanado politika.

dokumentirebulia yvela warmatebuli gamocdilebis magaliTi.

S.s.o-s SromiTi migraciis mravalmxrivi CarCo gaxlavT erT-erTi bolo instrumenti,

romelic efeqturad unda iqnas gamoyenebuli.

unda moxdes S.s.o-s konvenciis propaganda,misi ratificireba da implementacia.

exla ki jeri profkavSirebzea, rom maT SesZlon zemoTxsenebuli principebis

ganxorcieleba.

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99

politikuri aqtiuroba, profkavSirebis socialuri qartia migranti

mSromelebisTvis, anti-rasistuli kompaniebi da specialuri treining kursebi,

koleqtiuri xelSekrulebebi, damqiraveblebTan TanamSromlobiT dasaqmebis

axali strategiis Camoyalibeba, brZola rasizmis da qsenofobiis winaaRmdeg,

yovelive es migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dasacavadaa mimarTuli.

nataSa devid,

nomeri 129,gv.71-75.

“Migrants Get Unions Back to Basics”

Labour Education 2002/4,44

politikuri aqtiuroba, profkavSirebis socialuri qartia migranti

mSromelebisTvis, anti-rasistuli kompaniebi da specialuri treining kursebi,

koleqtiuri xelSekrulebebi, damqiraveblebTan TanamSromlobiT dasaqmebis

axali strategiis Camoyalibeba, brZola rasizmis da qsenofobiis winaaRmdeg,

yovelive es migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dasacavadaa mimarTuli.

nataSa devid,

nomeri 129,gv.71-75.

“Migrants Get Unions Back to Basics”

Labour Education 2002/4,44

Sesavali

profkavSirebis aqtiurobaSi mSromel migrantebTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebSi

araferia axali. me-19 saukuneSi, amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi Camosulma bevrma

evropelma migrantma Tan Camoitana profkavSiruli tradiciebi da daiwyes

Seurigebeli brZola a.S.S-i profkavSiruli organizaciebis dafuZnebisaTvis.

1950-iani da 1980-iani wlebis periodSi, evropaSi, daniSnulebis qveynebis

umravlesobaSi profkavSirebma Camoayalibes specialuri departamentebi, romlebic

uSualod migranti mSromelebis problemebiT iyvnen dakavebulni, migranti

TemebisTvis maTTvis gasageb enebze gamoscemdnen sxvadasxva publikaciebs da

awevrianebdnen maT profkavSirul organizaciebSi.

Sesavali

profkavSirebis aqtiurobaSi mSromel migrantebTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebSi

araferia axali. me-19 saukuneSi, amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi Camosulma bevrma

evropelma migrantma Tan Camoitana profkavSiruli tradiciebi da daiwyes

Seurigebeli brZola a.S.S-i profkavSiruli organizaciebis dafuZnebisaTvis.

1950-iani da 1980-iani wlebis periodSi, evropaSi, daniSnulebis qveynebis

umravlesobaSi profkavSirebma Camoayalibes specialuri departamentebi, romlebic

uSualod migranti mSromelebis problemebiT iyvnen dakavebulni, migranti

TemebisTvis maTTvis gasageb enebze gamoscemdnen sxvadasxva publikaciebs da

awevrianebdnen maT profkavSirul organizaciebSi.


http://ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/actrav/public/129/129/pdf44

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belgiaSi, safrangeTSi da germaniaSi Casul mSromel migrantebs Soris iyvnen is

profkavSiris aqtivistebi, romlebic iZulebulni gaxdnen daetovebinaT sakuTari

qveynebi _ saberZneTi, portugalia da espaneTi- sadac isini awarmoebdnen brZolas

arsebuli diqtatoruli reJimebis winaaRmdeg. es aqtivistebi razmavdnen ucxoeTSi

myof sakuTar Tanamemamuleebs da maT maspinZeli qveynebis profkavSirebSi

awevrianebdnen. 1960-ian da 70-an wlebSi, rodesac adgili hqonda dasavleT evropis

qveynebSi masobriv SromiT migracias, profkavSirulma moZraobam mniSvnelovani

roli iTamaSa migranti mSromelebis maspinZel qveynebSi srulfasovani integraciis

saqmeSi.

yovelive es xdeboda miuxedavad oficialuri xelisuflebis politikisa,romlelic

migrant mSromelebs ganixilavda rogorc droebiT “stumar mSoromelebs”,romlebic

ar apirebdnen qveyanaSi mudmivad darCenas. rac SeexebaT profkavSirebs, migrant

mSromelebs SeeZloT monawileoba mieRoT profkavSirebis mier organizebuli

Sexvedrebis diskusiebSi da politikis SemuSavebis procesSi, aerCiaT sakuTari

warmomadgenlebi da umravles qveynebSi, maT saSualeba eZleodaT profkavSirebSi

daekavebinaT xelmZRvaneli Tanamdeobebi.

profkavSirebma uzrunvelyves migranti mSromelebis monawileoba gadawyvetilebis

miRebis procesSi. 1974 wels, q.JenevaSi Tavisufali profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso

konfederaciam(IC T ) moawyo konferencia, romelic mieZRvna migranti mSromelebis

problematikas. am konferenciaze xazi gaesva imis aucileblobas,rom saWiroa axali

saerTaSoriso standartebis miReba da danergva, romlebic uzrunvelyofdnen

migranti da adgilobrivi mSromelebis Tanabar mopyrobas maspinZel qveynebSi.

1973 wlis navTobis krizisma da amis Sedegad ganviTarebul qveynebSi umuSevrobis

zrdam, solidarobis arsebul tradiciebs mZime dartyma miayena. adgilobrivi

mSromelebis da qveyanaSi arsebuli migranti mSromelebis samuSao adgilebis da

Sromis pirobebis SenarCunebis mizniT, profkavSirebi iZulebuli Seiqmnen mxari

daeWiraT mTavrobis mkacri saemigracio politikisTvis. rodesac mkacri saemigracio

politikis Sedegad gaizarda aralegalurad Semosuli migrantebis raodenoba,

profkavSirebi dadgnen seriozuli dilemis winaSe: Tu isini moaxdendnen

aralegaluri migranti mSromelebis organizebas, es maT mier mkacr saemigracio

politikaze uaris Tqmis tolfasi iqneboda da yovelive es im pirobebSi, rodesac

yvela seqtorSi ukve dasaqmebuli adgilobrivi da migranti mSromelebi umuSevrobis

safrTxis winaSe idgnen.

ganviTarebuli qveynebis umravlesobaSi, profkavSirebma upiratesoba arsebuli

mkacri saemigracio politikis gagrZelebas mianiWes, romlis Tanaxmadac is

damqiraveblebi, romlebic samuSaod aralegalur migrants aiyvandnen, sanqciebs

eqvemdebarebodnen. Tumca, zogierTi profkavSiruli organizacia agrZelebda

aralegaluri migrantebis uflebebis dacvas. im garemoebam,rom bevrma profkavSirma

mxari mkacr migraciul politikas dauWira, gamoiwvia maTadmi undobloba axlad

Camosuli aralegaluri migrantebis mxridan. eklesiasTan dakavSirebulma

migraciulma proeqtebma da migrantTa asociaciebma amoavses arsebuli vakuumi da

swored isini cdilobdnen daecvaT migranti mSromelebis uflebebi.

45

1970-iani wlebis ekonomikuri krizisi.

belgiaSi, safrangeTSi da germaniaSi Casul mSromel migrantebs Soris iyvnen is

profkavSiris aqtivistebi, romlebic iZulebulni gaxdnen daetovebinaT sakuTari

qveynebi _ saberZneTi, portugalia da espaneTi- sadac isini awarmoebdnen brZolas

arsebuli diqtatoruli reJimebis winaaRmdeg. es aqtivistebi razmavdnen ucxoeTSi

myof sakuTar Tanamemamuleebs da maT maspinZeli qveynebis profkavSirebSi

awevrianebdnen. 1960-ian da 70-an wlebSi, rodesac adgili hqonda dasavleT evropis

qveynebSi masobriv SromiT migracias, profkavSirulma moZraobam mniSvnelovani

roli iTamaSa migranti mSromelebis maspinZel qveynebSi srulfasovani integraciis

saqmeSi.

yovelive es xdeboda miuxedavad oficialuri xelisuflebis politikisa,romlelic

migrant mSromelebs ganixilavda rogorc droebiT “stumar mSoromelebs”,romlebic

ar apirebdnen qveyanaSi mudmivad darCenas. rac SeexebaT profkavSirebs, migrant

mSromelebs SeeZloT monawileoba mieRoT profkavSirebis mier organizebuli

Sexvedrebis diskusiebSi da politikis SemuSavebis procesSi, aerCiaT sakuTari

warmomadgenlebi da umravles qveynebSi, maT saSualeba eZleodaT profkavSirebSi

daekavebinaT xelmZRvaneli Tanamdeobebi.

profkavSirebma uzrunvelyves migranti mSromelebis monawileoba gadawyvetilebis

miRebis procesSi. 1974 wels, q.JenevaSi Tavisufali profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso

konfederaciam(IC T ) moawyo konferencia, romelic mieZRvna migranti mSromelebis

problematikas. am konferenciaze xazi gaesva imis aucileblobas,rom saWiroa axali

saerTaSoriso standartebis miReba da danergva, romlebic uzrunvelyofdnen

migranti da adgilobrivi mSromelebis Tanabar mopyrobas maspinZel qveynebSi.

1973 wlis navTobis krizisma da amis Sedegad ganviTarebul qveynebSi umuSevrobis

zrdam, solidarobis arsebul tradiciebs mZime dartyma miayena. adgilobrivi

mSromelebis da qveyanaSi arsebuli migranti mSromelebis samuSao adgilebis da

Sromis pirobebis SenarCunebis mizniT, profkavSirebi iZulebuli Seiqmnen mxari

daeWiraT mTavrobis mkacri saemigracio politikisTvis. rodesac mkacri saemigracio

politikis Sedegad gaizarda aralegalurad Semosuli migrantebis raodenoba,

profkavSirebi dadgnen seriozuli dilemis winaSe: Tu isini moaxdendnen

aralegaluri migranti mSromelebis organizebas, es maT mier mkacr saemigracio

politikaze uaris Tqmis tolfasi iqneboda da yovelive es im pirobebSi, rodesac

yvela seqtorSi ukve dasaqmebuli adgilobrivi da migranti mSromelebi umuSevrobis

safrTxis winaSe idgnen.

ganviTarebuli qveynebis umravlesobaSi, profkavSirebma upiratesoba arsebuli

mkacri saemigracio politikis gagrZelebas mianiWes, romlis Tanaxmadac is

damqiraveblebi, romlebic samuSaod aralegalur migrants aiyvandnen, sanqciebs

eqvemdebarebodnen. Tumca, zogierTi profkavSiruli organizacia agrZelebda

aralegaluri migrantebis uflebebis dacvas. im garemoebam,rom bevrma profkavSirma

mxari mkacr migraciul politikas dauWira, gamoiwvia maTadmi undobloba axlad

Camosuli aralegaluri migrantebis mxridan. eklesiasTan dakavSirebulma

migraciulma proeqtebma da migrantTa asociaciebma amoavses arsebuli vakuumi da

swored isini cdilobdnen daecvaT migranti mSromelebis uflebebi.

45

1970-iani wlebis ekonomikuri krizisi.

Penninx, R, and Roosblad (eds). 2000.Berghahn Books, New York, Oxford.

Trade Unions, Immigration, and Immigrants in Europe, 1960-1993, A Comparative Study ofAttitudes and Actions of Trade Unions in Seven West European Countries,

Penninx, R, and Roosblad (eds). 2000.Berghahn Books, New York, Oxford.

Trade Unions, Immigration, and Immigrants in Europe, 1960-1993, A Comparative Study ofAttitudes and Actions of Trade Unions in Seven West European Countries,

45

101

solidaroba

organizeba (organaizingi)

bolo wlebSi, sul ufro da ufro met qveyanaSi profkavSirulma organizaciebma

mniSvnelovnad Secvales sakuTari damokidebuleba migraciasTan dakavSirebiT. maTi

umravlesoba, amJamad sruliad solidarulia migrant mSromelebTan maTi statusis

miuxedavad da mxars uWers aralegaluri mSromelebisTvis legaluri statusis

miniWebis process.

migranti mSromelebis interesebis dasacavad msgavsi RonisZiebebi xorcieldeboda

msoflios yvela kontinentze. erovnul SromiT konfederaciebs argentinaSi,

belgiaSi, kanadaSi, safrangeTSi, germaniaSi, irlandiaSi, italiaSi, koreis

respublikaSi,mavritiaSi,meqsikaSi,niderlandebSi,portugaliaSi,espaneTSi,SvedeTSi,

samxreT afrikaSi, gaerTianebul samefosa da amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi hyavdaT

srul ganakveTze momuSave personali, romlebic uSualod migranti mSromelebis

organizebiT, anti-diskriminaciuli sakiTxebiT, migranti mSromelebis uflebebis

dacviT da maTTvis Rirseuli Sromis pirobebis SeqmniT iyvnen dakavebulni.

irlandiasa da italiaSi, swored erovnuli profkavSirebis konfederaciebi udgan

saTaveSi aqtiur kampanias, romlis mizania am qveynebma moaxdinond migranti

mSromelebis sakiTxebze Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis da gaero-s mier

miRebuli konvenciebis ratificireba.

2001 wels, amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi -s aRmasrulebelma komitetma

migraciis sakiTxebSi axali midgoma SeimuSava, romelic sxva sakiTxebTan erTad

moiTxovs migranti mSromelebisTvis legaluri statusis miniWebas da sanqciebis

moxsnas im damqiravlebisagan, romlebic legaluri statusis armqone migrantebs

qiraoben.

mouwodebda Tavis wevr organizaciebs daewyoT saorganozacio samuSaoebi

migrant mSromelebTan,maT Soris maTTanac,visac ar hqondaT Sesabamisi dokumentacia

da statusi. es sakiTxi bolo 50 wlis ganmavlobaSi,gansakuTrebiT mtkivneulad idga

a.S.S-s fermerTa profkavSirul gaerTianebebSi. kerZod,1970 -ian wlebSi davis sakiTxi

iyo: unda momxdariyo Tu ara meqsikeli fermerebis gawevrianeba gaerTianebuli

fermerebis profkavSirebSi ( ). Tumca,arizonis da centralur-dasavleT amerikis

fermerTa profkavSirebSi es sakiTxi Tavidanve dadebiTad gadawyda da maT rigebSi

Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone migranti mSromelebic ki gawevriandnen.

belgiis profkavSirebmac agreTve ganacxades, rom isini TavianT wevrobas

SesTavazebdnen da daicavdnen legaluri statusis armqone migrant mSromelebs.

msgavsi tendenciebi saxezea mTeli msoflios maStabiT. aziasa da afrikaSi Sesdga

dainteresebul mxareebs Soris sammxrivi Sexvedrebi da erovnuli profkavSirebis

federaciis delegatebi mividnen saerTo konsensusamde da daskvnamde, rom

aucilebelia maT qveynebSi iseTi erovnuli kanonmdeblobis miReba da politikis

gatareba,romelic daicavda migranti mSromelebis interesebs.

2004 wels afrikis kontinentze, s afrikis regionaluri organizaciis

egidiT daaxloebiT 40 qveyanaSi profkavSirebis erovnulma federaciebma SeimuSaves

samoqmedo gegma, romelic miznad isaxavda migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacvas,

maTi samuSao pirobebis gaumjobesebas, araorganizebuli mSromelebis,

gansakuTrebiT ki maTi, visac ar hqondaT migrantis legaluri statusi,

profkavSirebSi gawevrianebas. profkavSirebis globaluri seqtoruli

konfederacia gansakuTrebul yuradRebas aqcevs migranti mSromelebis yofas,

gansakuTrebiT im migrantebis yofas,romelTac ar gaaCniaT samarTlebrivi statusi

da Sesabamisad daucvelni arian. 1990-ian wlebSi, sajaro moxeleTa saerTaSoriso

organizaciam moiwvia eqspertTa jgufi,romelbmac gamouSa saxelmZRvanelo migranti

mSromelebis problemebis Taobaze.

AFL-CIO

AFL-CIO

UFW

ICFTU

46

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solidaroba

organizeba (organaizingi)

bolo wlebSi, sul ufro da ufro met qveyanaSi profkavSirulma organizaciebma

mniSvnelovnad Secvales sakuTari damokidebuleba migraciasTan dakavSirebiT. maTi

umravlesoba, amJamad sruliad solidarulia migrant mSromelebTan maTi statusis

miuxedavad da mxars uWers aralegaluri mSromelebisTvis legaluri statusis

miniWebis process.

migranti mSromelebis interesebis dasacavad msgavsi RonisZiebebi xorcieldeboda

msoflios yvela kontinentze. erovnul SromiT konfederaciebs argentinaSi,

belgiaSi, kanadaSi, safrangeTSi, germaniaSi, irlandiaSi, italiaSi, koreis

respublikaSi,mavritiaSi,meqsikaSi,niderlandebSi,portugaliaSi,espaneTSi,SvedeTSi,

samxreT afrikaSi, gaerTianebul samefosa da amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi hyavdaT

srul ganakveTze momuSave personali, romlebic uSualod migranti mSromelebis

organizebiT, anti-diskriminaciuli sakiTxebiT, migranti mSromelebis uflebebis

dacviT da maTTvis Rirseuli Sromis pirobebis SeqmniT iyvnen dakavebulni.

irlandiasa da italiaSi, swored erovnuli profkavSirebis konfederaciebi udgan

saTaveSi aqtiur kampanias, romlis mizania am qveynebma moaxdinond migranti

mSromelebis sakiTxebze Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis da gaero-s mier

miRebuli konvenciebis ratificireba.

2001 wels, amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi -s aRmasrulebelma komitetma

migraciis sakiTxebSi axali midgoma SeimuSava, romelic sxva sakiTxebTan erTad

moiTxovs migranti mSromelebisTvis legaluri statusis miniWebas da sanqciebis

moxsnas im damqiravlebisagan, romlebic legaluri statusis armqone migrantebs

qiraoben.

mouwodebda Tavis wevr organizaciebs daewyoT saorganozacio samuSaoebi

migrant mSromelebTan,maT Soris maTTanac,visac ar hqondaT Sesabamisi dokumentacia

da statusi. es sakiTxi bolo 50 wlis ganmavlobaSi,gansakuTrebiT mtkivneulad idga

a.S.S-s fermerTa profkavSirul gaerTianebebSi. kerZod,1970 -ian wlebSi davis sakiTxi

iyo: unda momxdariyo Tu ara meqsikeli fermerebis gawevrianeba gaerTianebuli

fermerebis profkavSirebSi ( ). Tumca,arizonis da centralur-dasavleT amerikis

fermerTa profkavSirebSi es sakiTxi Tavidanve dadebiTad gadawyda da maT rigebSi

Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone migranti mSromelebic ki gawevriandnen.

belgiis profkavSirebmac agreTve ganacxades, rom isini TavianT wevrobas

SesTavazebdnen da daicavdnen legaluri statusis armqone migrant mSromelebs.

msgavsi tendenciebi saxezea mTeli msoflios maStabiT. aziasa da afrikaSi Sesdga

dainteresebul mxareebs Soris sammxrivi Sexvedrebi da erovnuli profkavSirebis

federaciis delegatebi mividnen saerTo konsensusamde da daskvnamde, rom

aucilebelia maT qveynebSi iseTi erovnuli kanonmdeblobis miReba da politikis

gatareba,romelic daicavda migranti mSromelebis interesebs.

2004 wels afrikis kontinentze, s afrikis regionaluri organizaciis

egidiT daaxloebiT 40 qveyanaSi profkavSirebis erovnulma federaciebma SeimuSaves

samoqmedo gegma, romelic miznad isaxavda migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacvas,

maTi samuSao pirobebis gaumjobesebas, araorganizebuli mSromelebis,

gansakuTrebiT ki maTi, visac ar hqondaT migrantis legaluri statusi,

profkavSirebSi gawevrianebas. profkavSirebis globaluri seqtoruli

konfederacia gansakuTrebul yuradRebas aqcevs migranti mSromelebis yofas,

gansakuTrebiT im migrantebis yofas,romelTac ar gaaCniaT samarTlebrivi statusi

da Sesabamisad daucvelni arian. 1990-ian wlebSi, sajaro moxeleTa saerTaSoriso

organizaciam moiwvia eqspertTa jgufi,romelbmac gamouSa saxelmZRvanelo migranti

mSromelebis problemebis Taobaze.

AFL-CIO

AFL-CIO

UFW

ICFTU

46

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The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) http://www.aflcio.org/index.cfmThe American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) http://www.aflcio.org/index.cfm46

me

-6

Ta

vi

102


Based on “ ILO's World of Work, No.57, Sept.2006, by Patric Taran and Luc Demaret,

http://www.ilo.org/wow/PrintEditions/lang-en/docName--DWCMS_080598/index.htm.

Dispelling the migrant myth”, ixileTBased on “ ILO's World of Work, No.57, Sept.2006, by Patric Taran and Luc Demaret,

http://www.ilo.org/wow/PrintEditions/lang-en/docName--DWCMS_080598/index.htm.

Dispelling the migrant myth”, ixileT47

koreis profkavSirebis kongresi ( ),eklesiasTan da sxva organizaciebTan erTad

afinansebs koreaSi momuSave migrantebis gaerTianebuli komitetis muSaobas, rac

sakmaod axali da misasalmebeli iniciativaa. muSaobis ukeT koordinaciis mizniT,

CT -m daavala mis daqvemdebarebaSi myof erTeulebs konkretulad imuSaon

migrantebis calkeul lingvistur/eTnikur jgufebTan,Targmnon maTTvis sxvadasxva

beWvdiTi masala da aRmouCinon sxva saxis logistikuri daxmareba.

marTalia, rom maRali albaTobiT, sakuTari prioritetebidan gamomdinare, TiTeuli

erovnuli profkavSiruli organizacia Tavad SeimuSavebs sakuTar samoqmedo gegmas,

am TavSi ganxilulia profkavSiruli moZraobis ramdenime ZiriTadi strategia da

principebi.

imdenad ramdenadac SromiTi migracia saerTaSoriso xasiaTis sakiTxia, masSi

arsebuli problemebis gadawyvetac saerTaSoriso doneze, saerTaSoriso

organizaciebis aqtiuri monawileobiT unda moxdes.

arsebobs ori tipis saerTaSoriso profkavSiruli organizaciebi: organizaciebi,

romlebic aerTianeben profkavSiruli moZraobis erovnul centrebs, da

organizaciebi romlebic aerTianeben seqtorul/dargobriv profkavSirebs.

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederacia( Camoyalibda 2006 wels

Tavisufali profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederaciis ( msoflios Sromis

konfederaciis da im profkavSiruli organizaciebis gaerTianebis Sedegad,

romlebic manamade arc erTi saerTaSoriso organizaciis wevrebi ar yofilan. misi

wevrebi arian profkavSiruli moZraobis erovnuli centrebi. profkavSirebis

saerTaSoriso organizacia warmoadgens 154 qveynis da territoriis 306 wevri

organizaciis 168 milion mSromels da misi wevrebis 40 procenti qalia.

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederaciis ( samoqmedo gegma migranti

mSromelebis sakiTxSi dafuZnebulia Semdgom elementebze:

iseTi saerTaSoriso CarCo politikis SemuSaveba, romelic uzrunvelyofs

migranti mSromelebis fundamenturi uflebebisadmi pativiscemas da maTTvis

Rirseuli SromiTi pirobebis xelmisawvdomobas.

migranti mSromelebisadmi solidarobis xelSewyoba.

miuxedavad maTi samarTleblivi statusisa, maspinZel qveynebSi myofi mSromeli

migrantebis uflebebis dacva.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba daeTmos migranti qalebis mowyvlad mdgomareobas.

saerTaSoriso Sromis standartebis da S.s.o-s konvenciebis (gansakuTrebiT im

konvenciebis,romlebic relevanturia migranti mSromelebisTvis) ratifikaciis da

maTi implementaciis mizniT politikuri kampaniis warmoeba. imis uzrunvelyofa,

rom qveynebis Sromis kodeqsis debulebebis Sesabamisoba saerTaSoriso

standartebTan garantirebuli iyos kanonmdeblobiT.

KCTU

47

CarTuloba: profkavSirebi da migranti mSromelebi

globaluri profkavSirebis aqtivobebi: ITUC

saerTaSoriso profkavSirebi aqtiurdebian: ITUC

ITUC)

ICFTU),

ITUC)

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koreis profkavSirebis kongresi ( ),eklesiasTan da sxva organizaciebTan erTad

afinansebs koreaSi momuSave migrantebis gaerTianebuli komitetis muSaobas, rac

sakmaod axali da misasalmebeli iniciativaa. muSaobis ukeT koordinaciis mizniT,

CT -m daavala mis daqvemdebarebaSi myof erTeulebs konkretulad imuSaon

migrantebis calkeul lingvistur/eTnikur jgufebTan,Targmnon maTTvis sxvadasxva

beWvdiTi masala da aRmouCinon sxva saxis logistikuri daxmareba.

marTalia, rom maRali albaTobiT, sakuTari prioritetebidan gamomdinare, TiTeuli

erovnuli profkavSiruli organizacia Tavad SeimuSavebs sakuTar samoqmedo gegmas,

am TavSi ganxilulia profkavSiruli moZraobis ramdenime ZiriTadi strategia da

principebi.

imdenad ramdenadac SromiTi migracia saerTaSoriso xasiaTis sakiTxia, masSi

arsebuli problemebis gadawyvetac saerTaSoriso doneze, saerTaSoriso

organizaciebis aqtiuri monawileobiT unda moxdes.

arsebobs ori tipis saerTaSoriso profkavSiruli organizaciebi: organizaciebi,

romlebic aerTianeben profkavSiruli moZraobis erovnul centrebs, da

organizaciebi romlebic aerTianeben seqtorul/dargobriv profkavSirebs.

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederacia( Camoyalibda 2006 wels

Tavisufali profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederaciis ( msoflios Sromis

konfederaciis da im profkavSiruli organizaciebis gaerTianebis Sedegad,

romlebic manamade arc erTi saerTaSoriso organizaciis wevrebi ar yofilan. misi

wevrebi arian profkavSiruli moZraobis erovnuli centrebi. profkavSirebis

saerTaSoriso organizacia warmoadgens 154 qveynis da territoriis 306 wevri

organizaciis 168 milion mSromels da misi wevrebis 40 procenti qalia.

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederaciis ( samoqmedo gegma migranti

mSromelebis sakiTxSi dafuZnebulia Semdgom elementebze:

iseTi saerTaSoriso CarCo politikis SemuSaveba, romelic uzrunvelyofs

migranti mSromelebis fundamenturi uflebebisadmi pativiscemas da maTTvis

Rirseuli SromiTi pirobebis xelmisawvdomobas.

migranti mSromelebisadmi solidarobis xelSewyoba.

miuxedavad maTi samarTleblivi statusisa, maspinZel qveynebSi myofi mSromeli

migrantebis uflebebis dacva.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba daeTmos migranti qalebis mowyvlad mdgomareobas.

saerTaSoriso Sromis standartebis da S.s.o-s konvenciebis (gansakuTrebiT im

konvenciebis,romlebic relevanturia migranti mSromelebisTvis) ratifikaciis da

maTi implementaciis mizniT politikuri kampaniis warmoeba. imis uzrunvelyofa,

rom qveynebis Sromis kodeqsis debulebebis Sesabamisoba saerTaSoriso

standartebTan garantirebuli iyos kanonmdeblobiT.

KCTU

47

CarTuloba: profkavSirebi da migranti mSromelebi

globaluri profkavSirebis aqtivobebi: ITUC

saerTaSoriso profkavSirebi aqtiurdebian: ITUC

ITUC)

ICFTU),

ITUC)

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�

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103

evropuli profkavSirebi solidarobis demonstrirebas axdenen

2005 wlis martSi evropis profkavSirebis konfederaciam ( SeimuSava

proaqtiuli midgoma (ixileT cxrili).

ETUC)

evropuli profkavSirebi solidarobis demonstrirebas axdenen

2005 wlis martSi evropis profkavSirebis konfederaciam ( SeimuSava

proaqtiuli midgoma (ixileT cxrili).

ETUC)


evropis kavSiris ( ) proaqtiuli midgoma migraciis da integraciis sakiTxebisadmi

1. Sesavali

2. proaqtiuli midgomis ZiriTadi elementebi

EU

evropis profkavSirebis konfederacia erTgulia iseTi evropuli

Rirebulebebisadmi, rogoricaa gamWvirvaloba, solidaroba da pasuxismgebloba,

ris Sesaxeb mas araeTxel ganucxadebia. yovelive es dafuZnebulia s mier

miRebul wina rezoluciebze da politikaze, romelic man miiRo 1999 wels

helsinkis kongresze.

evropis amJamindeli mosaxleobis da momavali Taobebis interesebidan

gamomdinare, evropiis profkavSirebis konfederacia( darwmunebulia, rom

movida dro evropis kavSirma migraciis da integraciis sakiTxebze

SeimuSaos ufro proaqtiuli midgoma, romelic daefuZneba evropis kavSiris

amJamindeli moqalaqeebis da axalmosulebis fundamenturi uflebebis aRiarebas

da aisaxeba aqtiuri dasaqmebis da ganviTarebis politikis warmoebaSi. aseTi

politika,integrirebuli midgomis SemTxvevaSi,unda:

) efuZnebodes yvela mSromelis uflebebis naTlad Camoyalibebul

sakanonmdeblo CarCos, rogorc es gaTvaliswinebulia Sesabamis saerTaSoriso

konvenciebsa da instrumentebSi,romlebic migranti mSromelebis da maTi ojaxis

wevrebis adamianur Rirebulebebebs aRiareben da ar ganixilaven maT rogorc

vaWrobis sagans. 2004 wlis ivnisSi miRebuli S.s.o-s rezoluciis safuZvelze,

romelic Seexeba “globalur ekonomikaSi mSromeli migrantebisadmi

samarTliani mopyrobis sakiTxs, unda SemuSavdes SromiTi migraciisadmi

uflebebze dafuZnebuli mopyroba.

) Camoyalibdes social partniorebTan mWidro konsultaciebis Sedegad.

) uzrunvelyos yvela im piris Tavisufali gadaadgileba, romlebic evropis

kavSiris wevri saxelmwifoebis an mesame qveynebis moqalaqeebi arian da

rezidentis samarTleblivi statusi gaaCniaT, Tanasworobis da ara-

diskriminaciis principebis farglebSi.

) uzrunvelyos iseTi sakanonmdeblo bazis Seqmna, romelic efuZneba yvela

kanonierad momuSave mSromelis samarTlian da Tanabar mopyrobas; pativi unda

eces maspinZel qveynebSi arsebul wesebs, regulaciebs da samrewvelo

urTierTobebis sistemebs;

) miCneul iqnes prioritetad investiciebis Cadeba umuSavari evropis kavSiris

moqalaqeebis, mesame qveynebis moqalaqeebis, SromiTi migrantebis da eTnikuri

umciresobebis warmomadgenlebis ganaTlebis da kvalifikaciis amaRlebis

sferoSo,imdenad ramdenadac,es saukeTeso meTodia aRmoifxvras SromiT bazarze

arsebuli adamianuri resursebis deficiti.

) gaZlierdes brZola rasizmis da qsenofobiis winaaRmdeg, xeli Seewyos

migrantebis da eTnikuri umciresobebis srul integracias evropis Sromis

bazarze da sazogadoebebSi, pativi eces kulturul da religiur

mravalferovnebas da aRiarebul iqnes maTi dadebiTi kontribucia da

potenciali

) migrant mSromelebs da maTi ojaxis wevrebs mieceT socialur politikuri

uflebebi

ETUC-

ETUC)

EU)(

”;

;

;

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

evropis kavSiris ( ) proaqtiuli midgoma migraciis da integraciis sakiTxebisadmi

1. Sesavali

2. proaqtiuli midgomis ZiriTadi elementebi

EU

evropis profkavSirebis konfederacia erTgulia iseTi evropuli

Rirebulebebisadmi, rogoricaa gamWvirvaloba, solidaroba da pasuxismgebloba,

ris Sesaxeb mas araeTxel ganucxadebia. yovelive es dafuZnebulia s mier

miRebul wina rezoluciebze da politikaze, romelic man miiRo 1999 wels

helsinkis kongresze.

evropis amJamindeli mosaxleobis da momavali Taobebis interesebidan

gamomdinare, evropiis profkavSirebis konfederacia( darwmunebulia, rom

movida dro evropis kavSirma migraciis da integraciis sakiTxebze

SeimuSaos ufro proaqtiuli midgoma, romelic daefuZneba evropis kavSiris

amJamindeli moqalaqeebis da axalmosulebis fundamenturi uflebebis aRiarebas

da aisaxeba aqtiuri dasaqmebis da ganviTarebis politikis warmoebaSi. aseTi

politika,integrirebuli midgomis SemTxvevaSi,unda:

) efuZnebodes yvela mSromelis uflebebis naTlad Camoyalibebul

sakanonmdeblo CarCos, rogorc es gaTvaliswinebulia Sesabamis saerTaSoriso

konvenciebsa da instrumentebSi,romlebic migranti mSromelebis da maTi ojaxis

wevrebis adamianur Rirebulebebebs aRiareben da ar ganixilaven maT rogorc

vaWrobis sagans. 2004 wlis ivnisSi miRebuli S.s.o-s rezoluciis safuZvelze,

romelic Seexeba “globalur ekonomikaSi mSromeli migrantebisadmi

samarTliani mopyrobis sakiTxs, unda SemuSavdes SromiTi migraciisadmi

uflebebze dafuZnebuli mopyroba.

) Camoyalibdes social partniorebTan mWidro konsultaciebis Sedegad.

) uzrunvelyos yvela im piris Tavisufali gadaadgileba, romlebic evropis

kavSiris wevri saxelmwifoebis an mesame qveynebis moqalaqeebi arian da

rezidentis samarTleblivi statusi gaaCniaT, Tanasworobis da ara-

diskriminaciis principebis farglebSi.

) uzrunvelyos iseTi sakanonmdeblo bazis Seqmna, romelic efuZneba yvela

kanonierad momuSave mSromelis samarTlian da Tanabar mopyrobas; pativi unda

eces maspinZel qveynebSi arsebul wesebs, regulaciebs da samrewvelo

urTierTobebis sistemebs;

) miCneul iqnes prioritetad investiciebis Cadeba umuSavari evropis kavSiris

moqalaqeebis, mesame qveynebis moqalaqeebis, SromiTi migrantebis da eTnikuri

umciresobebis warmomadgenlebis ganaTlebis da kvalifikaciis amaRlebis

sferoSo,imdenad ramdenadac,es saukeTeso meTodia aRmoifxvras SromiT bazarze

arsebuli adamianuri resursebis deficiti.

) gaZlierdes brZola rasizmis da qsenofobiis winaaRmdeg, xeli Seewyos

migrantebis da eTnikuri umciresobebis srul integracias evropis Sromis

bazarze da sazogadoebebSi, pativi eces kulturul da religiur

mravalferovnebas da aRiarebul iqnes maTi dadebiTi kontribucia da

potenciali

) migrant mSromelebs da maTi ojaxis wevrebs mieceT socialur politikuri

uflebebi

ETUC-

ETUC)

EU)(

”;

;

;

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

me

-6

Ta

vi

104


h

i

j

k

) evropis kavSiris ( CarCo kanonmdeblobis safuZvelze xeli SeewyoT

ekonomikuri migrantebis kanonier Semosvlas da darCenas evropis bazarze da

yovelive es dafuZndes xelisuflebasa da socialur partniorebs Soris

miRweul konsensusze Sromis bazris WeSmarit saWiroebebTan dakavSirebiT

amasTanave,uari eTqvas saemigracio politikis or-safexurian midgomas,romelic

calsaxad upiratesobas aniWebs maRalkvalificirebuli mSromelebis qveyanaSi

Semosvlas da amaze uars eubneba saSualo an dabali kvalifikaciis mqone

SromiT migrantebs;

) gamkacrdes politika im damqiraveblebis mimarT, romlebic migranti

mSromelebis eqspluatacia ewevian. trefikingis SemTxvevaSi, moxdes ara

mSromelebis dasja, romlebic msxverplni arian, aramed gaZlierdes brZola

trefikingis Camdeni pirebis mimarT.

) aralegaluri migrantebis, TavSesafaris - maZiebel da maTi ojaxis wevrebis

uflebebis sruli dacvis pirobebSi, yovelmxrivi daxmareba iqnes maTTvis

gaweuli maTi qveyanaSi yofnis legalizaciis mizniT.

) mesame qveynebTan, gansakuTrebiT ki ganviTarebad qveynebTan, Camoyalibdes

TanamSromloba da partnioruli urTierTobebi.

bolos, rac aranakleb mniSvnelovania, amgvarma politika iqeTken unda iyos

mimarTuli, rom evropis kavSirSi myofi milionobiT migranti rasizmis da

qsenofobiis gamovlinebebis gamo Tavs ar grZnobdes gariyulad da

marginalizirebulad profkavSirul moZraobas am miznebis gansaxorcieleblad

yovelmxrivi daxmareba unda gaewioT.

EU)

;

h

i

j

k

) evropis kavSiris ( CarCo kanonmdeblobis safuZvelze xeli SeewyoT

ekonomikuri migrantebis kanonier Semosvlas da darCenas evropis bazarze da

yovelive es dafuZndes xelisuflebasa da socialur partniorebs Soris

miRweul konsensusze Sromis bazris WeSmarit saWiroebebTan dakavSirebiT

amasTanave,uari eTqvas saemigracio politikis or-safexurian midgomas,romelic

calsaxad upiratesobas aniWebs maRalkvalificirebuli mSromelebis qveyanaSi

Semosvlas da amaze uars eubneba saSualo an dabali kvalifikaciis mqone

SromiT migrantebs;

) gamkacrdes politika im damqiraveblebis mimarT, romlebic migranti

mSromelebis eqspluatacia ewevian. trefikingis SemTxvevaSi, moxdes ara

mSromelebis dasja, romlebic msxverplni arian, aramed gaZlierdes brZola

trefikingis Camdeni pirebis mimarT.

) aralegaluri migrantebis, TavSesafaris - maZiebel da maTi ojaxis wevrebis

uflebebis sruli dacvis pirobebSi, yovelmxrivi daxmareba iqnes maTTvis

gaweuli maTi qveyanaSi yofnis legalizaciis mizniT.

) mesame qveynebTan, gansakuTrebiT ki ganviTarebad qveynebTan, Camoyalibdes

TanamSromloba da partnioruli urTierTobebi.

bolos, rac aranakleb mniSvnelovania, amgvarma politika iqeTken unda iyos

mimarTuli, rom evropis kavSirSi myofi milionobiT migranti rasizmis da

qsenofobiis gamovlinebebis gamo Tavs ar grZnobdes gariyulad da

marginalizirebulad profkavSirul moZraobas am miznebis gansaxorcieleblad

yovelmxrivi daxmareba unda gaewioT.

EU)

;

azia-wynari okeanis da arabeTis regioni

arabeTis regionis qveynebis profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederacia

2007 wlis noemberSi, q. amanSi(iordania), s aziis da wynari okeanis regionis

organizebiT Catarda manmade uprecedento 3-dRiani konferencia,romlis muSaobaSic

monawileoba miiRes arabeTis da sparseTis yuris SromiTi migrantebis daniSnulebis

qveynebis profkavSirebis aqtivistebma da aziis regionis SromiTi migrantebis

warmoSobis qveynebis profkavSirebis warmomadgenlebma. es Tavyriloba imis naTeli

dasturi gamodga, Tu ramdenad did mniSvnelobas aniWeben profkavSirebi sakuTar

saqmianobaSi migranti mSromelebis dacvis sakiTxs. konferenciaze ganxilul iqna

Semdegi problemebi da sakiTxebi: SromiTi migrantebis winaSe mdgari SezRudvebi

Camoayalibon an SeuerTdnen ukve arsebul profkavSirul organizaciebs socialuri

dacvis sistemis gaumjobesebis aucilebloba(maT Soris jandacva da socialuri

dazRveva); mSromeli migrantebisTvis pasportebis da sxva piradobis

damadasturebeli dokumentebis CamorTmevis da ardabrunebis maxinji praqtika;

Rirseuli samuSao adgilis deficiti; gamoiTqva SeSfoTeba zogierTi kerZo

damqiraveblis da dasaqmebis saagentoebis saqmianobasTan dakavSirebiT, xazi gaesva

maT saqmianobaze kontrolis dawesebis aucileblobas; gansakuTrebuli yuradReba

daeTmo qali migrantebis winaSe mdgar specifikur problemebs. yvelani SeTanxmdnen,

rom SromiTi migracia ar gaxlavT calkeuli qveynebis problema da mis

gadasaWrelad aucilebelia erToblivi,globaluri Zalisxmeva. xazi gaesva ormxrivi

molaparakebebis, regionaluri meqanizmebis da globaluri institutebis rols.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba daeTmo S.s.o-s Zalisxmevas SromiTi migraciis sakiTxSi

dainergos da ganviTardes uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgoma. profkavSirebma sakuTar

Tavze aiRes valdebuleba gaagrZelon da gaaZlieron kampania, romlis mizania

qveynebis mier SromiT migraciaze S.s.o-s da gaero-s mier miRebuli konvenciebis

xelmoweris da ratifikaciis uzrunvelyofa, Rirseuli samuSao adgilebis

programebis ganxorcieleba da SromiTi migraciis sakiTxze socialur partniorebs

Soris arsebuli dialogis intensifikacia.

arabeTis regionis qveynebis profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederaciam, romlis

Stab-bina mdebareobs q.damaskoSi, gaaqtiura Tavisi saqmianoba mSromelebis

uflebebis dacvis mimarTulebiT arabul qveynebSi da gansakuTrebul yuradRebas

uTmobs iseT sakiTxebs, rogoric gaxlavT migranti mSromelebis ufleba

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebaze da maTi uflebebis dacva. 2007 wlis dekemberSi

q.damaskoSi, s egidiT gaimarTa Sexvedra, romlis mTavari Tema gaxldaT

profkavSirebis roli migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis sakiTxSi

ICFTU-

ICATU-

;

“ ”.

(ICATU)

azia-wynari okeanis da arabeTis regioni

arabeTis regionis qveynebis profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederacia

2007 wlis noemberSi, q. amanSi(iordania), s aziis da wynari okeanis regionis

organizebiT Catarda manmade uprecedento 3-dRiani konferencia,romlis muSaobaSic

monawileoba miiRes arabeTis da sparseTis yuris SromiTi migrantebis daniSnulebis

qveynebis profkavSirebis aqtivistebma da aziis regionis SromiTi migrantebis

warmoSobis qveynebis profkavSirebis warmomadgenlebma. es Tavyriloba imis naTeli

dasturi gamodga, Tu ramdenad did mniSvnelobas aniWeben profkavSirebi sakuTar

saqmianobaSi migranti mSromelebis dacvis sakiTxs. konferenciaze ganxilul iqna

Semdegi problemebi da sakiTxebi: SromiTi migrantebis winaSe mdgari SezRudvebi

Camoayalibon an SeuerTdnen ukve arsebul profkavSirul organizaciebs socialuri

dacvis sistemis gaumjobesebis aucilebloba(maT Soris jandacva da socialuri

dazRveva); mSromeli migrantebisTvis pasportebis da sxva piradobis

damadasturebeli dokumentebis CamorTmevis da ardabrunebis maxinji praqtika;

Rirseuli samuSao adgilis deficiti; gamoiTqva SeSfoTeba zogierTi kerZo

damqiraveblis da dasaqmebis saagentoebis saqmianobasTan dakavSirebiT, xazi gaesva

maT saqmianobaze kontrolis dawesebis aucileblobas; gansakuTrebuli yuradReba

daeTmo qali migrantebis winaSe mdgar specifikur problemebs. yvelani SeTanxmdnen,

rom SromiTi migracia ar gaxlavT calkeuli qveynebis problema da mis

gadasaWrelad aucilebelia erToblivi,globaluri Zalisxmeva. xazi gaesva ormxrivi

molaparakebebis, regionaluri meqanizmebis da globaluri institutebis rols.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba daeTmo S.s.o-s Zalisxmevas SromiTi migraciis sakiTxSi

dainergos da ganviTardes uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgoma. profkavSirebma sakuTar

Tavze aiRes valdebuleba gaagrZelon da gaaZlieron kampania, romlis mizania

qveynebis mier SromiT migraciaze S.s.o-s da gaero-s mier miRebuli konvenciebis

xelmoweris da ratifikaciis uzrunvelyofa, Rirseuli samuSao adgilebis

programebis ganxorcieleba da SromiTi migraciis sakiTxze socialur partniorebs

Soris arsebuli dialogis intensifikacia.

arabeTis regionis qveynebis profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederaciam, romlis

Stab-bina mdebareobs q.damaskoSi, gaaqtiura Tavisi saqmianoba mSromelebis

uflebebis dacvis mimarTulebiT arabul qveynebSi da gansakuTrebul yuradRebas

uTmobs iseT sakiTxebs, rogoric gaxlavT migranti mSromelebis ufleba

gaerTianebis Tavisuflebaze da maTi uflebebis dacva. 2007 wlis dekemberSi

q.damaskoSi, s egidiT gaimarTa Sexvedra, romlis mTavari Tema gaxldaT

profkavSirebis roli migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis sakiTxSi

ICFTU-

ICATU-

;

“ ”.

(ICATU)

mis muSaobaSi monawileoba miiRo arabeTis regionis qveynebis profkavSirebis

saerTaSoriso konfederaciis wevri organizaciebis warmomadgenlebma 10 arabuli

saxelmwifodan. TanamSromlobis Semdgomi gaRrmavebis mizniT, m kidev erTxel

daadastura sakuTari mzadyofna gaagrZelos sakuTari saqmianoba S.s.o-s migranti

mSromelebis Sesaxeb konvenciis implementaciis da migranti mSromelebis

warmoSobis qveynebis profkavSirebTan TanamSromlobis Semdgomi gaRrmavebis

mizniT. rogorc Semdgomi nabiji, S.s.o-s mSromelTa aqtivobebis biuro apirebs 2008

wlis dekembers q.amanSi(iordania) Caataros samuSao Sexvedra, romelSic

monawileobas miiReben arabuli da aziuri saxelmwifoebis profkavSiruli

organizaciebi da ganixilaven migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis

saWirboroto sakiTxebs.

sul,aTi msoflio profkavSirTa federaciaa,( ebi) romlebic erovnul seqtorul

profkavSirebs aerTianeben saerTaSoriso doneze. xSirad, profkavSirebi, romelTa

wevrebic sxvadasxva seqtorebSi dasaqmebuli adamianebi arian, erTze meti

profkavSirTa msoflio federaciis wevrebi arian. profkavSirTa msoflio

federaciebi, rogorc saerTaSoriso seqtoruli organizaciebi, romlebic sakuTari

wevri organizaciebis saxeliT moqmedeben, sxvadasxva profkavSirul organizaciebs

Soris Suamavlis rols TamaSoben. globalizaciis procesis gaRrmavebasTan erTad,

solidaroba profkavSirul organizaciebs da migrant mSromelebs Soris

gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas iZens.

mSenebelTa da xeze momuSave mSromelTa internacionalma ( msoflio

profkavSirulma organizaciam, SeimuSava proaqtiuli strategia, romelic miznad

isaxavs am seqtorSi dasaqmebuli migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacvas. 2005 wlis

18 dekembers,migrantebis saerTaSoriso dRes, m gaakeTa specialuri gancxadeba.

ICUT-

GUF-

BWI) -

BWI-

profkavSirTa msoflio federaciebis saqmianoba

mSeneblobis seqtori

mis muSaobaSi monawileoba miiRo arabeTis regionis qveynebis profkavSirebis

saerTaSoriso konfederaciis wevri organizaciebis warmomadgenlebma 10 arabuli

saxelmwifodan. TanamSromlobis Semdgomi gaRrmavebis mizniT, m kidev erTxel

daadastura sakuTari mzadyofna gaagrZelos sakuTari saqmianoba S.s.o-s migranti

mSromelebis Sesaxeb konvenciis implementaciis da migranti mSromelebis

warmoSobis qveynebis profkavSirebTan TanamSromlobis Semdgomi gaRrmavebis

mizniT. rogorc Semdgomi nabiji, S.s.o-s mSromelTa aqtivobebis biuro apirebs 2008

wlis dekembers q.amanSi(iordania) Caataros samuSao Sexvedra, romelSic

monawileobas miiReben arabuli da aziuri saxelmwifoebis profkavSiruli

organizaciebi da ganixilaven migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis

saWirboroto sakiTxebs.

sul,aTi msoflio profkavSirTa federaciaa,( ebi) romlebic erovnul seqtorul

profkavSirebs aerTianeben saerTaSoriso doneze. xSirad, profkavSirebi, romelTa

wevrebic sxvadasxva seqtorebSi dasaqmebuli adamianebi arian, erTze meti

profkavSirTa msoflio federaciis wevrebi arian. profkavSirTa msoflio

federaciebi, rogorc saerTaSoriso seqtoruli organizaciebi, romlebic sakuTari

wevri organizaciebis saxeliT moqmedeben, sxvadasxva profkavSirul organizaciebs

Soris Suamavlis rols TamaSoben. globalizaciis procesis gaRrmavebasTan erTad,

solidaroba profkavSirul organizaciebs da migrant mSromelebs Soris


mSenebelTa da xeze momuSave mSromelTa internacionalma ( msoflio

profkavSirulma organizaciam, SeimuSava proaqtiuli strategia, romelic miznad

isaxavs am seqtorSi dasaqmebuli migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacvas. 2005 wlis

18 dekembers,migrantebis saerTaSoriso dRes, m gaakeTa specialuri gancxadeba.

ICUT-

GUF-

BWI) -

BWI-

profkavSirTa msoflio federaciebis saqmianoba

mSeneblobis seqtori

BWI

BWI

BWI)

Tavis wevr organizaciebs mouwodebs:

gazardon profkavSirebis informirebulobis done da gaagrZelon brZola

rasizmis da qsenofobiis winaaRmdeg

Seagrovon Sesabamisi informacia mSeneblobis seqtorSi mimdinare migraciuli

procesebis Sesaxeb da moxdes informaciis gacvla migrantebis warmoSobis da

daniSnulebis qveynebis profkavSirul organizaciebs Soris

mouwodon qveynebis mTavrobebs SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebSi miiRon Sesabamisi

kanonmdebloba

migrantebis warmoSobis da daniSnulebis qveynebis profkavSirebs Soris daidos

TanamSromlobis xelSekruleba

moxdes migranti mSromelebis organizeba da uzrunvelyofil iqnes Tanabari

SromisTvis Tanabari anazRaurebis principis ganxorcieleba miuxedavad

mSromelis warmoSobisa Tu moqalaqeobrivi kuTvnilebisa.

mouwodebs profkavSirul organizaciebs dadon TanamSromlobis

xelSekrulebebi da xeli Seuwyon informaciis urTierTgacvlis process.

mSenebelTa da xeze momuSave mSromelTa internacionalis ( wevrma

organizaciebma avstriaSi,belgiaSi,CexeTis respublikaSi,germaniaSi,niderlandebSi,

nordikul qveynebSi, poloneTSi, slovakeTis respublikaSi da SveicariaSi

erTmaneTTan dades TanamSromlobis, koleqtiuri molaparakebis,urTierT-aRiarebis

da migranti da sasazRvro zolSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebisTvis samarTleblivi

daxmarebis gawevis xelSekrulebebi.

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;

;

;

BWI

BWI

BWI)

Tavis wevr organizaciebs mouwodebs:

gazardon profkavSirebis informirebulobis done da gaagrZelon brZola

rasizmis da qsenofobiis winaaRmdeg

Seagrovon Sesabamisi informacia mSeneblobis seqtorSi mimdinare migraciuli

procesebis Sesaxeb da moxdes informaciis gacvla migrantebis warmoSobis da

daniSnulebis qveynebis profkavSirul organizaciebs Soris

mouwodon qveynebis mTavrobebs SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebSi miiRon Sesabamisi

kanonmdebloba

migrantebis warmoSobis da daniSnulebis qveynebis profkavSirebs Soris daidos

TanamSromlobis xelSekruleba

moxdes migranti mSromelebis organizeba da uzrunvelyofil iqnes Tanabari

SromisTvis Tanabari anazRaurebis principis ganxorcieleba miuxedavad

mSromelis warmoSobisa Tu moqalaqeobrivi kuTvnilebisa.

mouwodebs profkavSirul organizaciebs dadon TanamSromlobis

xelSekrulebebi da xeli Seuwyon informaciis urTierTgacvlis process.

mSenebelTa da xeze momuSave mSromelTa internacionalis ( wevrma

organizaciebma avstriaSi,belgiaSi,CexeTis respublikaSi,germaniaSi,niderlandebSi,

nordikul qveynebSi, poloneTSi, slovakeTis respublikaSi da SveicariaSi

erTmaneTTan dades TanamSromlobis, koleqtiuri molaparakebis,urTierT-aRiarebis

da migranti da sasazRvro zolSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebisTvis samarTleblivi

daxmarebis gawevis xelSekrulebebi.

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105


BWI-Tvis seqtorSi dasaqmebuli migranti mSromelebis eqspluataciis praqtika isgamowvevaa, romelsac organizaciam Tvali unda gausworos da gadadgas konkretulinabijebi am problemis gadasaWrelad. swored am seqtorSia yvelaze mZime samuSaopirobebi da dabali xelfasebi migranti mSromelebisTvis da imis gamo,rom isini ararian organizebuli Zala, maTi uflebebis dacva ufro rTuli xdeba, maTze arvrceldeba socialuri dacvis da Sromis kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli SeRavaTebi.migranti mSromelebis organizeba im upatiosno damqiravleblebis winaaRmdegbrZolis saukeTeso instrumentad rCeba, romlebic migrant mSromelebs, rogorc iafmuSaxels ganixilavs. s xazgasma)(BWI-

BWI-Tvis seqtorSi dasaqmebuli migranti mSromelebis eqspluataciis praqtika isgamowvevaa, romelsac organizaciam Tvali unda gausworos da gadadgas konkretulinabijebi am problemis gadasaWrelad. swored am seqtorSia yvelaze mZime samuSaopirobebi da dabali xelfasebi migranti mSromelebisTvis da imis gamo,rom isini ararian organizebuli Zala, maTi uflebebis dacva ufro rTuli xdeba, maTze arvrceldeba socialuri dacvis da Sromis kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli SeRavaTebi.migranti mSromelebis organizeba im upatiosno damqiravleblebis winaaRmdegbrZolis saukeTeso instrumentad rCeba, romlebic migrant mSromelebs, rogorc iafmuSaxels ganixilavs. s xazgasma)(BWI-

me

-6

Ta

vi

106


profkavSirebis strategiis oTxi ZiriTadi RerZi

qvemoT moyvanilia profkavSirebis strategiis oTxi ZiriTadi mimarTuleba:

saemigracio politikaSi uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomis danergva:

sxva qveynis profkavSirebTan aliansis Camoyalibeba

profkavSirebis wevrebis,gansakuTrebiT ki seqtoruli liderebis da aqtivistebis

ganaTleba da maTi informirebulobis donis amaRleba.

migrant mSromelebTan uSualo kontaqtebis damyareba (amisaTvis, zogierT

profkavSirul organizacias sakuTar wesdebaSi cvlilebebis Setana mouwevs).

rogorc vnaxeT,bevr qveyanaSi SromiTi migraciis kanonmdebloba ubralod CamorCeba

am sferoSi mimdinare procesebs da Seqmnil realobas. SromiTi kanonmdebloba,

migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis, iseve rogorc daniSnulebis qveynebSi, ar aris

saTanadod regulirebuli.

saxezea samarTliani, Tanamedrove saemigracio politikisTvis aucilebeli

elementis arseboba. SromiT migraciaze S.s.o s mravalmxrivi CarCo-midgoba

dafuZnebulia warmatebul praqtikaze da saerTaSoriso standartebze.

marTalia am dokumentis saxelwodebaa sarekomendacio principebi da

saxelmZRvanelo rCevebi SromiTi migraciis uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomebi”, is

SemuSavebul iqna mTavrobebis, damqiravleblebis da profkavSirebis mier SerCeuli

eqspertTa komitetis mier da mowonebul iqna S.s.o-s mmarTveli organos mier.

amasTanave, is qveynebi, romlebmac moaxdines S.s.o-s mier miRebuli Sesabamisi

konvenciebis ratificireba, valdebulni arian pativi scen da gaiTvaliswinon es

rekomendaciebi.

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“

es sakiTxebi ufro detalurad iqneba ganxiluli.

1-li RerZi: saemigracio politikaSi uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomis danergva

“uflebebze dafuZnebuli” midgoma

profkavSirebis strategiis oTxi ZiriTadi RerZi

qvemoT moyvanilia profkavSirebis strategiis oTxi ZiriTadi mimarTuleba:

saemigracio politikaSi uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomis danergva:

sxva qveynis profkavSirebTan aliansis Camoyalibeba

profkavSirebis wevrebis,gansakuTrebiT ki seqtoruli liderebis da aqtivistebis

ganaTleba da maTi informirebulobis donis amaRleba.

migrant mSromelebTan uSualo kontaqtebis damyareba (amisaTvis, zogierT

profkavSirul organizacias sakuTar wesdebaSi cvlilebebis Setana mouwevs).

rogorc vnaxeT,bevr qveyanaSi SromiTi migraciis kanonmdebloba ubralod CamorCeba

am sferoSi mimdinare procesebs da Seqmnil realobas. SromiTi kanonmdebloba,

migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis, iseve rogorc daniSnulebis qveynebSi, ar aris

saTanadod regulirebuli.

saxezea samarTliani, Tanamedrove saemigracio politikisTvis aucilebeli

elementis arseboba. SromiT migraciaze S.s.o s mravalmxrivi CarCo-midgoba

dafuZnebulia warmatebul praqtikaze da saerTaSoriso standartebze.

marTalia am dokumentis saxelwodebaa sarekomendacio principebi da

saxelmZRvanelo rCevebi SromiTi migraciis uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomebi”, is

SemuSavebul iqna mTavrobebis, damqiravleblebis da profkavSirebis mier SerCeuli

eqspertTa komitetis mier da mowonebul iqna S.s.o-s mmarTveli organos mier.

amasTanave, is qveynebi, romlebmac moaxdines S.s.o-s mier miRebuli Sesabamisi

konvenciebis ratificireba, valdebulni arian pativi scen da gaiTvaliswinon es

rekomendaciebi.

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-

“

es sakiTxebi ufro detalurad iqneba ganxiluli.

1-li RerZi: saemigracio politikaSi uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomis danergva

“uflebebze dafuZnebuli” midgoma

Rirseuli samuSao adgilebis programis farglebSi, S.s.o. da misi partniori

organizaciebi mividnen im daskvnamde,rom yvela dainteresebuli mxaris legitimuri

interesebis maqsimalurad dacvis mizniT, mizanSewonilia: upiratesoba mieniWos

iseTi politikis gatarebas, romlisTvisac prioritetuli iqneba ekonomikuri zrda

da dasqmeba xeli Seewyos SromiTi migraciis regulirebas xeli Seewyos

saerTaSoriso Sromis standartebis ufro farTod gamoyenebas, kerZod ki, moxdes

S.s.o-s 97-e da 143 konvenciebis ratifikacia da implementacia.

am miznis misaRwevad aucilebelia iseTi erovnuli politikis SemuSaveba da

ganxorcieleba,romelic uzrunvelyofs migranti da adgilobrivi mSromelebisadmi

Tanabar mopyrobas,socialuri dacvis xelmisawvdomobas,eqspluatiaciuri praqtikis

aRmofxvras da zogadad migranti mSromelebis fundamenturi uflebebis dacvas.

bunebrivia, rom S.s.o-s wevr saxelmwifoebs da socialur partniorebs Soris ufro

mWidro TanamSromloba mniSvnelovnad Seuwyobs xels SromiTi migraciis ufro

efeqturi dacvis sistemis Seqmnas.

profkavSirebma unda awarmoon lobisturi saqmianoba Semdegi miznebis miRwevis

mizniT:

Seiqmnas SromiTi migraciis ufro gamWvirvale sistema,romelic gaiTvaliswinebs

adgilobrivi mSromelebis legitimur interesebs da wuxilebs.

dainergos migraciis regulirebis standartebze dafuZnebuli sistema, romelic

saSualebas iZleva dacul iqnes yvela migranti mSromelis ufleba da efeqturad

ebrZolos eqspluataciis da trafikingis nebismier gamovlinebas.

S.s.o-s ori (#.97 da 143) da gaero-s im konvenciebis ratifikacia, romlebic

uSualod exeba migrant mSromelebs.

im saxelmwifoebma, romlebmac moaxdines am konvenciebis ratificireba,

uzrunvelyon maTi sruli implementacia.

gadawyvetilebebis miReba moxdes samxrivi konsultaciis reJimSi da SromiTi

migraciis sakiTxebze msjelobisas maqsimalurad iqnes gaTvaliswinebuli

profkavSirebis pozicia.

SromiTi migraciis yvela aspeqtze konsultaciebis Catarebis uzrunvel-

sayofelad, Camoyalibdes da gaZlierdes socialuri dialogis erovnuli

procedurebi da praqtika.

uzrunvelyofil iqnes SromiTi migraciis erovnuli politikis Sesabamisoba

saerTaSoriso Sromis standartebTan, sxva relevantur saerTaSoriso

instrumentebTan da mravalmxriv saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebebTan.

; ;

i)

ii) iii)

profkavSirebis lobisturi saqmianoba

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Rirseuli samuSao adgilebis programis farglebSi, S.s.o. da misi partniori

organizaciebi mividnen im daskvnamde,rom yvela dainteresebuli mxaris legitimuri

interesebis maqsimalurad dacvis mizniT, mizanSewonilia: upiratesoba mieniWos

iseTi politikis gatarebas, romlisTvisac prioritetuli iqneba ekonomikuri zrda

da dasqmeba xeli Seewyos SromiTi migraciis regulirebas xeli Seewyos

saerTaSoriso Sromis standartebis ufro farTod gamoyenebas, kerZod ki, moxdes

S.s.o-s 97-e da 143 konvenciebis ratifikacia da implementacia.

am miznis misaRwevad aucilebelia iseTi erovnuli politikis SemuSaveba da

ganxorcieleba,romelic uzrunvelyofs migranti da adgilobrivi mSromelebisadmi

Tanabar mopyrobas,socialuri dacvis xelmisawvdomobas,eqspluatiaciuri praqtikis

aRmofxvras da zogadad migranti mSromelebis fundamenturi uflebebis dacvas.

bunebrivia, rom S.s.o-s wevr saxelmwifoebs da socialur partniorebs Soris ufro

mWidro TanamSromloba mniSvnelovnad Seuwyobs xels SromiTi migraciis ufro

efeqturi dacvis sistemis Seqmnas.

profkavSirebma unda awarmoon lobisturi saqmianoba Semdegi miznebis miRwevis

mizniT:

Seiqmnas SromiTi migraciis ufro gamWvirvale sistema,romelic gaiTvaliswinebs

adgilobrivi mSromelebis legitimur interesebs da wuxilebs.

dainergos migraciis regulirebis standartebze dafuZnebuli sistema, romelic

saSualebas iZleva dacul iqnes yvela migranti mSromelis ufleba da efeqturad

ebrZolos eqspluataciis da trafikingis nebismier gamovlinebas.

S.s.o-s ori (#.97 da 143) da gaero-s im konvenciebis ratifikacia, romlebic

uSualod exeba migrant mSromelebs.

im saxelmwifoebma, romlebmac moaxdines am konvenciebis ratificireba,

uzrunvelyon maTi sruli implementacia.

gadawyvetilebebis miReba moxdes samxrivi konsultaciis reJimSi da SromiTi

migraciis sakiTxebze msjelobisas maqsimalurad iqnes gaTvaliswinebuli

profkavSirebis pozicia.

SromiTi migraciis yvela aspeqtze konsultaciebis Catarebis uzrunvel-

sayofelad, Camoyalibdes da gaZlierdes socialuri dialogis erovnuli

procedurebi da praqtika.

uzrunvelyofil iqnes SromiTi migraciis erovnuli politikis Sesabamisoba

saerTaSoriso Sromis standartebTan, sxva relevantur saerTaSoriso

instrumentebTan da mravalmxriv saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebebTan.

; ;

i)

ii) iii)

profkavSirebis lobisturi saqmianoba

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107


S.s.o-s standartebs didi mniSvneloba aqvT

yvelasaTvis naTelia, rom yoveldRiur saqmianobaSi, mosamarTleebi, iuristebi,

Sromis inspeqtorebi da profkavSirebis wevrebi mSromelebis dacvisken

mimarTuli saqmianobisas arsebul saerTaSoriso Sromis standartebs

eyrdnobian. gadawyvetilebis miRebisas da sakuTari qveynis kanonebis

interpretaciisas,mosamarTleebi xSirad apelireben S.s.o s konvenciebsa da sxva

saerTaSoriso SromiT standartebze. swored amitom, uaRresad mniSvnelovania,

rom profkavSirebma aqtiuri muSaoba gaswion saxelmwifoebTan maT mier S.s.o-s

konvenciebis ratificirebis mizniT. yovelive es xels Seuwyobs calkeuli

qveynebis SromiT kanonmdeblobaSi aucilebeli cvlilebebis Setanis procesis

warmarTvas.

SromiTi ganaTleba 2006, 2-3 #.143-144, Sromis kanonmdebloba: misi roli,

tendenciebi da potenciali

-

48

S.s.o-s standartebs didi mniSvneloba aqvT

yvelasaTvis naTelia, rom yoveldRiur saqmianobaSi, mosamarTleebi, iuristebi,

Sromis inspeqtorebi da profkavSirebis wevrebi mSromelebis dacvisken

mimarTuli saqmianobisas arsebul saerTaSoriso Sromis standartebs

eyrdnobian. gadawyvetilebis miRebisas da sakuTari qveynis kanonebis

interpretaciisas,mosamarTleebi xSirad apelireben S.s.o s konvenciebsa da sxva

saerTaSoriso SromiT standartebze. swored amitom, uaRresad mniSvnelovania,

rom profkavSirebma aqtiuri muSaoba gaswion saxelmwifoebTan maT mier S.s.o-s

konvenciebis ratificirebis mizniT. yovelive es xels Seuwyobs calkeuli

qveynebis SromiT kanonmdeblobaSi aucilebeli cvlilebebis Setanis procesis

warmarTvas.

SromiTi ganaTleba 2006, 2-3 #.143-144, Sromis kanonmdebloba: misi roli,

tendenciebi da potenciali

-

48

Sromis kanonmdebloba: misi roli, tendenciebi da potenciali:

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/actrav/pub/143144/143144e.pdf

Sromis kanonmdebloba: misi roli, tendenciebi da potenciali:

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/actrav/pub/143144/143144e.pdf

48

me

-6

Ta

vi

108


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uzrunvelyos, rom SromiTi migraciis politika iyos genderulad mgrZnobiare,

gaiTvaliswinos is sirTuleebi da Seuracyofebi, romelsac qali migrantebi

ganicdian migraciis procesSi; yvela doneze politikis SemuSavebis,dagegmarebis

da programebis Sesruleba unda daefuZnos genderuli Tanasworobis princips.

migranti mSromelebis daxmarebasTan da mxardaWerasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze

profkavSirebi wamyvani konsultanti organizaciis rols unda TamaSobdes.

mokled,yalibdeba sul ufro da ufro mzardi konsensusi imasTan dakavSirebiT,rom

saerTaSoriso da erovnul doneze ganxorcielebul politikas SeuZlia

uzrunvelyos, rom SromiTi migracia gadaiqces iseT movlenad, romelic emsaxureba

adamianebis keTildReobis da ganviTarebis keTilSobilur miznebs da ar unda iyos

Seuracyofis,eqspluataciis da qsenofobiuri gamovlinebebis samizne.

amgvari yovlismomcveli midgomis dasanergad, S.s.o-s mravalmxrivi CarCo midgoma

SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebisadmi profkavSirebis xelT arsebuli Zlieri

instrumentia.

imis gaTvaliswinebiT,rom SromiTi migracia Sromis bazarTan dakavSirebuli Temaa,

logikuri iqneboda, rom im organizaciebs, romelTac aqvT Sromis bazarze yofnis

gamocdileba, erToblivad SeemuSavebinaT Sesabamisi politika. yovelive es

gulisxmobs socialuri dialogis aucileblobas da SromiTi migraciis ar

datovebas im politikuri partiebis amara,romlebic yvelafers akeTeben imisTvis,rom

migrantebs cxviri ar Semoayofinon” maT qveyanaSi. sadac ki es SesaZlebelia,

profkavSirebs sakuTari warmomadgenlebi unda hyavdeT iseT specialur aRsrulebis

organoebSi,rogorebicaa Tanasworobis da adamianis uflebebis komisiebi,romelTac

xSirad gaaCiaT ara marto konsultatiuri, aramed monitoringis da sagamoZiebo

uflebamosilebi.

profkavSirebs gaaCniaT specialuri uflebamosileba da politikuri legitimuroba

wamyvani roli iTamaSon Riresuli samuSao adgilis programebis ganxorcielebasa da

maTi uflebebis dacvis sakiTxebSi. mTavaria maT es uflebamosileba maqsimalurad

efeqturad gamoiyenon.

profkavSirebis mxridan damqiraveblebTan da mSromelTa organizaciebTan aqtiuri

konsultaciebis Sedegad, espaneTis mTavrobam miiRo axali wesebi (2005 wlis

aprilSi). socialuri partniorebis mxridan mxardaWeris gareSe,verc erTi mTavroba

ver gariskavda aseTi mniSvnelovani cvlilebebis ganxorcielebas. 2005 wlis

TebervalSi espaneTis mTavrobam gamoacxada axali regulirebis programis dawyeba,

romlis SemuSaveba da danergva mSromelebis da damqiravleblebis organizaciebTan

mWidro TanamSromlobis Sedegad gaxda SesaZlebeli. am axali wesis Tanaxmad,

migrant mSromels (romelic registrirebulia adgilobrivi TviTmarTvelobis

organoSi sul mcire 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, ar aaqvs nasamarTleoba da gaaCnia

konkretuli samuSaosTvis aucilebeli kvalifikacia) miecemaT legaluri migrantis

statusi. kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi momuSave migrant mSromelebzec vrceldeba es

wesebi. sawyis etapze, muSaobaze da qveyanaSi darCenaze licenzia gaicema erTi wlis

vadiT. status miRebis msurveli adamianebis gancxadebebis umravlesoba

dakmayofilebul iqna, da am aplikaciebis umravlesoba im migranti mSromelebisgan

modioda, romlebic kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi sxvadasxva saxis samuSaos asruleben,

agreTve sastumro biznesis da soflis meurneobis seqtorSi dasaqmebuli migranti

mSromelebisgan. mTlianobaSi, arsebuli statistikis Tanaxmad, espaneTSi 700 000

migrantma mSromelma miiRo legaluri statusi da am mizniT 150 ofisi gaixsna,sadac

migranti mSromelebis registracia xdeboda.

socialuri dialogi

“

�

�

uzrunvelyos, rom SromiTi migraciis politika iyos genderulad mgrZnobiare,

gaiTvaliswinos is sirTuleebi da Seuracyofebi, romelsac qali migrantebi

ganicdian migraciis procesSi; yvela doneze politikis SemuSavebis,dagegmarebis

da programebis Sesruleba unda daefuZnos genderuli Tanasworobis princips.

migranti mSromelebis daxmarebasTan da mxardaWerasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze

profkavSirebi wamyvani konsultanti organizaciis rols unda TamaSobdes.

mokled,yalibdeba sul ufro da ufro mzardi konsensusi imasTan dakavSirebiT,rom

saerTaSoriso da erovnul doneze ganxorcielebul politikas SeuZlia

uzrunvelyos, rom SromiTi migracia gadaiqces iseT movlenad, romelic emsaxureba

adamianebis keTildReobis da ganviTarebis keTilSobilur miznebs da ar unda iyos

Seuracyofis,eqspluataciis da qsenofobiuri gamovlinebebis samizne.

amgvari yovlismomcveli midgomis dasanergad, S.s.o-s mravalmxrivi CarCo midgoma

SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebisadmi profkavSirebis xelT arsebuli Zlieri

instrumentia.

imis gaTvaliswinebiT,rom SromiTi migracia Sromis bazarTan dakavSirebuli Temaa,

logikuri iqneboda, rom im organizaciebs, romelTac aqvT Sromis bazarze yofnis

gamocdileba, erToblivad SeemuSavebinaT Sesabamisi politika. yovelive es

gulisxmobs socialuri dialogis aucileblobas da SromiTi migraciis ar

datovebas im politikuri partiebis amara,romlebic yvelafers akeTeben imisTvis,rom

migrantebs cxviri ar Semoayofinon” maT qveyanaSi. sadac ki es SesaZlebelia,

profkavSirebs sakuTari warmomadgenlebi unda hyavdeT iseT specialur aRsrulebis

organoebSi,rogorebicaa Tanasworobis da adamianis uflebebis komisiebi,romelTac

xSirad gaaCiaT ara marto konsultatiuri, aramed monitoringis da sagamoZiebo

uflebamosilebi.

profkavSirebs gaaCniaT specialuri uflebamosileba da politikuri legitimuroba

wamyvani roli iTamaSon Riresuli samuSao adgilis programebis ganxorcielebasa da

maTi uflebebis dacvis sakiTxebSi. mTavaria maT es uflebamosileba maqsimalurad

efeqturad gamoiyenon.

profkavSirebis mxridan damqiraveblebTan da mSromelTa organizaciebTan aqtiuri

konsultaciebis Sedegad, espaneTis mTavrobam miiRo axali wesebi (2005 wlis

aprilSi). socialuri partniorebis mxridan mxardaWeris gareSe,verc erTi mTavroba

ver gariskavda aseTi mniSvnelovani cvlilebebis ganxorcielebas. 2005 wlis

TebervalSi espaneTis mTavrobam gamoacxada axali regulirebis programis dawyeba,

romlis SemuSaveba da danergva mSromelebis da damqiravleblebis organizaciebTan

mWidro TanamSromlobis Sedegad gaxda SesaZlebeli. am axali wesis Tanaxmad,

migrant mSromels (romelic registrirebulia adgilobrivi TviTmarTvelobis

organoSi sul mcire 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, ar aaqvs nasamarTleoba da gaaCnia

konkretuli samuSaosTvis aucilebeli kvalifikacia) miecemaT legaluri migrantis

statusi. kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi momuSave migrant mSromelebzec vrceldeba es

wesebi. sawyis etapze, muSaobaze da qveyanaSi darCenaze licenzia gaicema erTi wlis

vadiT. status miRebis msurveli adamianebis gancxadebebis umravlesoba

dakmayofilebul iqna, da am aplikaciebis umravlesoba im migranti mSromelebisgan

modioda, romlebic kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi sxvadasxva saxis samuSaos asruleben,

agreTve sastumro biznesis da soflis meurneobis seqtorSi dasaqmebuli migranti

mSromelebisgan. mTlianobaSi, arsebuli statistikis Tanaxmad, espaneTSi 700 000

migrantma mSromelma miiRo legaluri statusi da am mizniT 150 ofisi gaixsna,sadac

migranti mSromelebis registracia xdeboda.

socialuri dialogi

“

migraciis procesebis maregulirebel organoebze sammxrivi zedamxedveloba unda

warmoebdes da yovelive es SesaZlebeli iqneba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu uzrunvelyofil

iqneba socialuri dialogis institucionalizacia. filipinebis ucxoeTSi

dasaqmebis administraciis ( mmarTveli sabWo Sedgeba sami ZiriTadi socialuri

partnioris warmomadgenlebisgan; Sromis da dasaqmebis saministros mdivani,

sxvadasxva Sesabamisi saxelmwifo departamentebis da filipinebis profkavSirebis

kongresis warmomadgenlebi, aseve kerZo dasaqmebis kompaniebis asociaciis

warmomadgenlebi.

afrikis kontinentze, S.s.o s proeqtis wyalobiT, SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebze

erovnuli socialuri dialogis meqanizmebi Camoyalibda 11 afrikul saxelmwifos

Soris, es qveynebia: alJiri, burkina faso, kape verde, gambia, kenia, mali, mauritania,

moroko, senegali, tanzaniis gaerTianebuli respublika da tunisi. am qveynebSi

Catarda seminarebis mTeli rigi, romelzec gamoikveTa mniSvnelovani prioritetebi,

maT Soris am sferoSi Sromis saerTaSoriso standartebis farTo propaganda,SromiT

migraciaze saerTo monacemTa bazis Seqmna da informaciis gacvla.

rogorc araerTxel dafiqsirda,Tu sxvagvari daTqma ar arsebobs,S.s.o-s konvenciebi

da rekomendaciebi vrceldeba yvela mSromelze, maT Soris migrant mSromelebze,

miuxedevad imisa, Tu isini ra statusis matareblebi arian, im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu

konvenciis zogierTi muxli SesaZloa ar vrceldebodes aralegalur mSromel

migrantebze.

S.s.o-s fundamenturi principebi da uflebebi Tavisi xasiaTiT universaluria da

vrceldeba yvela migrant mSromelze yvela qveyanaSi, miuxedavad imisa, am qveynebs

ratificirebuli aqvT es saerTaSoriso instrumentebi Tu ara.

saerTaSoriso Sromis konferenciaze mTavrobebi da damqiravleblebi SeTanxmdnen am

universalur principebze da profkavSirebma unda Seaxsenon maT am SeTanxmebis da

sakuTar Tavze aRebuli valdebulebebis Sesaxeb.

2003 wlis maisSi, sajaro samsaxuris mSromelTa profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso

federaciam ( jandacvis sferoSi dasaqmebuli qalebis mdgomareobasTan

dakavSirebiT SeimuSava grZelvadiani samoqmedo gegma.

saerTaSoriso SesaZleblobebis gazrda;

informaciis da saukeTeso praqtikuli gamocdilebis gaziareba;

saerTaSoriso politikis formireba da lobireba.

am proeqtis pirveli faza gulisxmobda samecniero kvlevebis Catarebas, romelic

miznad isaxavda imis Seswavlas, Tu ras akeTeben ganviTarebadi qveynebis

profkavSirebi jandacvis sferoSi dakavebuli migranti mSromelebis yofis

gasaumjobeseblad. SerCeul qveynebSi sul Catarda 50-ze meti kvleva da gamoyenebul

iqna migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis da daniSnulebis qveynebs Soris

partnioruli midgomebis principebi.

proeqtis meore faza daeTmo lobirebis, SesaZleblobebis gazrdis da codnis

gaziarebis sakiTxebs da masSi monawileoba Teqvsmeti afrikuli qveynis

warmomadgenelma miiRo.

proeqtis mesame faza daeTmo samedicino saqtoris profkavSirebis SesaZleblobebis

gazrdis da maTi arasamTavrobo da saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan TanamSromlobis

xelSewyobis sakiTxs.

POEA)

PSI)

-

universaluri princi pebi

sajaro samsaxuris mSromelebi

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migraciis procesebis maregulirebel organoebze sammxrivi zedamxedveloba unda

warmoebdes da yovelive es SesaZlebeli iqneba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu uzrunvelyofil

iqneba socialuri dialogis institucionalizacia. filipinebis ucxoeTSi

dasaqmebis administraciis ( mmarTveli sabWo Sedgeba sami ZiriTadi socialuri

partnioris warmomadgenlebisgan; Sromis da dasaqmebis saministros mdivani,

sxvadasxva Sesabamisi saxelmwifo departamentebis da filipinebis profkavSirebis

kongresis warmomadgenlebi, aseve kerZo dasaqmebis kompaniebis asociaciis

warmomadgenlebi.

afrikis kontinentze, S.s.o s proeqtis wyalobiT, SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebze

erovnuli socialuri dialogis meqanizmebi Camoyalibda 11 afrikul saxelmwifos

Soris, es qveynebia: alJiri, burkina faso, kape verde, gambia, kenia, mali, mauritania,

moroko, senegali, tanzaniis gaerTianebuli respublika da tunisi. am qveynebSi

Catarda seminarebis mTeli rigi, romelzec gamoikveTa mniSvnelovani prioritetebi,

maT Soris am sferoSi Sromis saerTaSoriso standartebis farTo propaganda,SromiT

migraciaze saerTo monacemTa bazis Seqmna da informaciis gacvla.

rogorc araerTxel dafiqsirda,Tu sxvagvari daTqma ar arsebobs,S.s.o-s konvenciebi

da rekomendaciebi vrceldeba yvela mSromelze, maT Soris migrant mSromelebze,

miuxedevad imisa, Tu isini ra statusis matareblebi arian, im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu

konvenciis zogierTi muxli SesaZloa ar vrceldebodes aralegalur mSromel

migrantebze.

S.s.o-s fundamenturi principebi da uflebebi Tavisi xasiaTiT universaluria da

vrceldeba yvela migrant mSromelze yvela qveyanaSi, miuxedavad imisa, am qveynebs

ratificirebuli aqvT es saerTaSoriso instrumentebi Tu ara.

saerTaSoriso Sromis konferenciaze mTavrobebi da damqiravleblebi SeTanxmdnen am

universalur principebze da profkavSirebma unda Seaxsenon maT am SeTanxmebis da

sakuTar Tavze aRebuli valdebulebebis Sesaxeb.

2003 wlis maisSi, sajaro samsaxuris mSromelTa profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso

federaciam ( jandacvis sferoSi dasaqmebuli qalebis mdgomareobasTan

dakavSirebiT SeimuSava grZelvadiani samoqmedo gegma.

saerTaSoriso SesaZleblobebis gazrda;

informaciis da saukeTeso praqtikuli gamocdilebis gaziareba;

saerTaSoriso politikis formireba da lobireba.

am proeqtis pirveli faza gulisxmobda samecniero kvlevebis Catarebas, romelic

miznad isaxavda imis Seswavlas, Tu ras akeTeben ganviTarebadi qveynebis

profkavSirebi jandacvis sferoSi dakavebuli migranti mSromelebis yofis

gasaumjobeseblad. SerCeul qveynebSi sul Catarda 50-ze meti kvleva da gamoyenebul

iqna migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis da daniSnulebis qveynebs Soris

partnioruli midgomebis principebi.

proeqtis meore faza daeTmo lobirebis, SesaZleblobebis gazrdis da codnis

gaziarebis sakiTxebs da masSi monawileoba Teqvsmeti afrikuli qveynis

warmomadgenelma miiRo.

proeqtis mesame faza daeTmo samedicino saqtoris profkavSirebis SesaZleblobebis

gazrdis da maTi arasamTavrobo da saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan TanamSromlobis

xelSewyobis sakiTxs.

POEA)

PSI)

-

universaluri princi pebi

sajaro samsaxuris mSromelebi

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transportis sferoSi dakavebuli adamianebis gansakuTrebuli roli

ormxrivi SeTanxmebebi

kidev erTma globalurma profkavSirulma federaciam, satransporto sferoSi

dasaqmebuli mSromelebis saerTaSoriso federaciam ( sakuTari wevri

organizaciebisaTvis da wevrebisTvis daadgina specialuri roli. bunebrivia,

migraciuli procesi aucileblad gulisxmobs satransporto saSualebebis

gamoyenebas da amdenad satransporto sferoSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebi

daniSnulebis da warmoSobis qveynebis damakavSirebeli uxilavi xidia.

nepalSi, nepalis satransporto sferoSi dasaqmebul mSromelTa profkavSirebma

sakuTari gamocdilebis safuZvelze sakonsultacio daxmarebas uwevs im migrant

mSromelebs, romlebic samuSaos saZieblad miemarTebian indoeTSi da misi

yuradRebis centrSia mSromeli migrantebis gansakuTrebiT mowyvladi kategoria,

kerZod axalgazrda qalebi,romelTa trefikingi xdeba sxva qveynebSi SemdgomSi maTi

komerciul seqs-industriaSi CaTrevis mizniT. profkavSirebi sakuTari

wevrebisaTvis atareben sxvadasxva treing-kursebs, rac maT saSualebas aZlevT

adreul etapze moxdes trefikingis SemTxvevebis identificireba da maTi prevencia.

maT nepali-indoeTis sazRvris gaswvriv avtobusebis parkebTan mgzavrebisaTvis

gaxsnes sainformacio centrebi.

migranti mSromelebis sakiTxisadmi profkavSirebis midgoma Zirfesvianad

gansxvavdeba saqvelmoqmedo organizaciebis da adamianis uflebebis damcavi

jgufebis midgomebisagan. profkavSirebis midgoma dafuZnebulia solidarobis da

koleqtiuri molaparakebebis principebze. ra Tqma unda, migranti mSromelebis

individualuri problemebis gadaWra mniSvnelovania, magram grZelvadian

perspeqtivaSi yovelive es dakavSirebul unda iyos koleqtiur midgomasTan. rodesac

Cven vsaubrobT migrant mSromelebze,CvenTvis umTavresia maTi,rogorc mSromelebis

uflebebis dacva.

arsebobs araerTi warmatebuli TanamSromlobis magaliTi migranti mSromelebis

warmoSobis da daniSnulebis qveynebs Soris, romelic miznad isaxavs migranti

mSromelebis mxardaWeras da organizebas. am TvalsazrisiT,profkavSirebi unikalur

mdgomareobaSi arian. swored amiT aixsneba migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis da

daniSnulebis qveynebis profkavSirebs Soris dadebuli ormxrivi da mravalmxrivi

xelSekrulebebis raodenobrivi zrda.

italiaSi,mSromelTa profkavSirebis konfederaciam ( TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb

xelSekruleba dado keip verdes,morokos,perus,senegalis da tunisis profkavSirul

organizaciebTan. s iniciativiT migrantebisTvis satelevizio programebi

gadaicema sxvadasxva enebze da is axorcielebs migranti mSromeli qalebis

komitetis muSaobas. am komitetis Tavmjdomare Tavad migranti mSromeli gaxlavT.

israelSi, mSenebelTa da xeze momuSave mSromelTa erovnulma kavSirma migranti

mSromelebisTvis bulgarul, Cinur, inglisur, ruminul da Turqul enebze gamosca

Sromis kodeqsze sainformacio broSura da samSeneblo seqtorSi momuSave

mSromelebs Soris daariga.

estoneTis profkavSirTa konfederaciam ( fineTis profkavSirTa centralurma

organizaciam ( da fineTis dasaqmebulTa konfederaciam ( fineTSi migranti

mSromelebisTvis sainformacio centrebi gaxsnes, romlis mTavari mizani gaxlavT

migranti mSromelebis da erovnuli mSromelebisTvis Tanabari mopyrobis

uzrunvelyofa. migrant mSromelebs miwodebaT informacia qveyanaSi xelmisawvdomi

sacxovrebeli farTis, samuSao licenziebis, gadasaxadebis,dasaqmebis sakiTxebze da

profkavSirebis mier SemoTavazebuli momsaxurebis Sesaxeb.

ITF)

CISL)

CISL-

EAKL),

SAK) TU)

me-2 RerZi: sxva qveynebis profkavSirebTan aliansis Camoyalibeba

transportis sferoSi dakavebuli adamianebis gansakuTrebuli roli

ormxrivi SeTanxmebebi

kidev erTma globalurma profkavSirulma federaciam, satransporto sferoSi

dasaqmebuli mSromelebis saerTaSoriso federaciam ( sakuTari wevri

organizaciebisaTvis da wevrebisTvis daadgina specialuri roli. bunebrivia,

migraciuli procesi aucileblad gulisxmobs satransporto saSualebebis

gamoyenebas da amdenad satransporto sferoSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebi

daniSnulebis da warmoSobis qveynebis damakavSirebeli uxilavi xidia.

nepalSi, nepalis satransporto sferoSi dasaqmebul mSromelTa profkavSirebma

sakuTari gamocdilebis safuZvelze sakonsultacio daxmarebas uwevs im migrant

mSromelebs, romlebic samuSaos saZieblad miemarTebian indoeTSi da misi

yuradRebis centrSia mSromeli migrantebis gansakuTrebiT mowyvladi kategoria,

kerZod axalgazrda qalebi,romelTa trefikingi xdeba sxva qveynebSi SemdgomSi maTi

komerciul seqs-industriaSi CaTrevis mizniT. profkavSirebi sakuTari

wevrebisaTvis atareben sxvadasxva treing-kursebs, rac maT saSualebas aZlevT

adreul etapze moxdes trefikingis SemTxvevebis identificireba da maTi prevencia.

maT nepali-indoeTis sazRvris gaswvriv avtobusebis parkebTan mgzavrebisaTvis

gaxsnes sainformacio centrebi.

migranti mSromelebis sakiTxisadmi profkavSirebis midgoma Zirfesvianad

gansxvavdeba saqvelmoqmedo organizaciebis da adamianis uflebebis damcavi

jgufebis midgomebisagan. profkavSirebis midgoma dafuZnebulia solidarobis da

koleqtiuri molaparakebebis principebze. ra Tqma unda, migranti mSromelebis

individualuri problemebis gadaWra mniSvnelovania, magram grZelvadian

perspeqtivaSi yovelive es dakavSirebul unda iyos koleqtiur midgomasTan. rodesac

Cven vsaubrobT migrant mSromelebze,CvenTvis umTavresia maTi,rogorc mSromelebis

uflebebis dacva.

arsebobs araerTi warmatebuli TanamSromlobis magaliTi migranti mSromelebis

warmoSobis da daniSnulebis qveynebs Soris, romelic miznad isaxavs migranti

mSromelebis mxardaWeras da organizebas. am TvalsazrisiT,profkavSirebi unikalur

mdgomareobaSi arian. swored amiT aixsneba migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis da

daniSnulebis qveynebis profkavSirebs Soris dadebuli ormxrivi da mravalmxrivi

xelSekrulebebis raodenobrivi zrda.

italiaSi,mSromelTa profkavSirebis konfederaciam ( TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb

xelSekruleba dado keip verdes,morokos,perus,senegalis da tunisis profkavSirul

organizaciebTan. s iniciativiT migrantebisTvis satelevizio programebi

gadaicema sxvadasxva enebze da is axorcielebs migranti mSromeli qalebis

komitetis muSaobas. am komitetis Tavmjdomare Tavad migranti mSromeli gaxlavT.

israelSi, mSenebelTa da xeze momuSave mSromelTa erovnulma kavSirma migranti

mSromelebisTvis bulgarul, Cinur, inglisur, ruminul da Turqul enebze gamosca

Sromis kodeqsze sainformacio broSura da samSeneblo seqtorSi momuSave

mSromelebs Soris daariga.

estoneTis profkavSirTa konfederaciam ( fineTis profkavSirTa centralurma

organizaciam ( da fineTis dasaqmebulTa konfederaciam ( fineTSi migranti

mSromelebisTvis sainformacio centrebi gaxsnes, romlis mTavari mizani gaxlavT

migranti mSromelebis da erovnuli mSromelebisTvis Tanabari mopyrobis

uzrunvelyofa. migrant mSromelebs miwodebaT informacia qveyanaSi xelmisawvdomi

sacxovrebeli farTis, samuSao licenziebis, gadasaxadebis,dasaqmebis sakiTxebze da

profkavSirebis mier SemoTavazebuli momsaxurebis Sesaxeb.

ITF)

CISL)

CISL-

EAKL),

SAK) TU)

me-2 RerZi: sxva qveynebis profkavSirebTan aliansis Camoyalibeba

sxva magaliTebis moyvanac SeiZleba:

morokosa da espaneTis profkavSirebs Soris dadebuli xelSekruleba daexmara

mxareebs efeqturad ebrZolaT ukanono migraciis da misi Tanmdevi eqspluataciis

winaaRmdeg.

espaneTis da mauritaniis profkavSirebs Soris dadebuli TanamSromlobis

xelSekrulebis wyalobiT ganxorcielda mauritaneli migrantebis migracia

espaneTSi da maT iuridiuli da sxva tipis daxmareba aRmouCines.

portugaliis mSromelebis generaluri konfederacia ( ganixilavs imis

SesaZleblobas, rom gaerTianebuli samefos profkavSirebTan daidos

xelSekruleba imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom im SemTxvevaSi Tu mSromelebi

portugaliidan samuSaod gadavlen gaerTianebul samefoSi, xeli Seewyos maT

gawevrianebas gaerTianebuli samefos profkavSirebis rigebSi. msgavsi

xelSekruleba portugaliis mSromelebis generalurma konfederaciam(

ukve gaaforma portugalieli mSromelebisTvis iseTi mniSvnelovani daniSnulebis

qveynebis profkavSirebTan,rogorebic gaxlavT espaneTi da Sveicaria.

2005 wlis aprilSi taivanis mSenebel mSromelTa erovnul frderaciasa (

da pilipinebis mSenebel mSromelTa erovnul kavSirs ( Soris daido

xelSekruleba,romlis ZaliTac migrant mSromelebs am ori qveynidan xelmoweri

qveynebis teritoriaze miecemaT iseTive xelfasi da imuSaveben iseTive pirobebSi,

rogorc adgilobrivi mSromelebi da maTTvis Ria iqneba maspinZeli qveynis

profkavSirebis karebi.

rodesac saqme exeba migrant mSromelebTan dakavSirebul politikas da aqtivobebs,

mniSvnelovania rom profkavSirebma am mimarTulebiT moipovon sakuTari wevrebis

mxardaWera. adgilobrivi mosaxleoba migrantebSi zogjer raRac safrTxes xedavs da

amdenad qsenofobia bevr ganviTarebul qveyanaSi seriozuli problema gaxlavT.

profkavSirebi swored is organizaciebi arian, romlebmac aseTi daZabulobebis da

midgomebis Tavidan asacileblad aqtiuri muSaoba unda gaswion sakuTar wevrebTan.

Rirseuli samuSaos programis ganxorcieleba rasizmis da qsenobofiis winaaRmdeg

brZolis Zalian mniSvnelovani elementia. am TvalsazrisiT, gansakuTrebuli

yuradReba unda daeTmos ganaTlebas, trainings da ganviTarebas. qvemoT moyvanilia

imis ramdenime warmatebuli magaliTi, Tu rogor unda warmarTon profkavSirebma

sakuTar wevrebTan muSaoba am TvalsazrisiT:

germania: volcvagenis saavtomobilo koncernis profkavSirebma menejmentTan

konsultaciebis Sedegad miiRes deklaracia volcvagenis mSromelTa socialuri

uflebebis da samrewvelo urTierTobebis Sesaxeb. profkavSirebma qarxnis

TanamSromlebSi gaavrceles beWduri informacia, romelic mouwodebda sxvadasxva

samizne jgufebs, magaliTad rogoricaa kadrebis ganyofileba, gamoeaSkarevebinaT

diskriminaciis nebismieri gamovlineba. Tanabari SesaZleblobebis moduli

kvalifikaciis integrirebuli nawili gaxda da am Temaze moewyo ara erTi seminari da

profesiuli treiningi. Seiqmna xuTi samuSao jgufi, maTTan muSaobis mizniT

daiqiraves eqspert-konsultantebi da muSaobis mTavari mizani gaxldaT yvela saxis

eqstremizmis gamovlineba da aRmofxvra. Seiqmna specialuri saxelmZRanelo,

romelic daurigdaT axalgazrdebs,treinerebs da ganaTlebis muSakebs.

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CGTP-IN)

CGTP-IN)

NFCCWU)

NUBCW)

me-3 ReZi: profkavSirebis wevrebis,gansakuTrebiT ki seqtoruli liderebis da

aqtivistebis ganaTleba da maTi informirebulobis donis amaRleba.

profkavSirebi da maTi wevrebi daniSnulebis qveynebSi.

sxva magaliTebis moyvanac SeiZleba:

morokosa da espaneTis profkavSirebs Soris dadebuli xelSekruleba daexmara

mxareebs efeqturad ebrZolaT ukanono migraciis da misi Tanmdevi eqspluataciis

winaaRmdeg.

espaneTis da mauritaniis profkavSirebs Soris dadebuli TanamSromlobis

xelSekrulebis wyalobiT ganxorcielda mauritaneli migrantebis migracia

espaneTSi da maT iuridiuli da sxva tipis daxmareba aRmouCines.

portugaliis mSromelebis generaluri konfederacia ( ganixilavs imis

SesaZleblobas, rom gaerTianebuli samefos profkavSirebTan daidos

xelSekruleba imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom im SemTxvevaSi Tu mSromelebi

portugaliidan samuSaod gadavlen gaerTianebul samefoSi, xeli Seewyos maT

gawevrianebas gaerTianebuli samefos profkavSirebis rigebSi. msgavsi

xelSekruleba portugaliis mSromelebis generalurma konfederaciam(

ukve gaaforma portugalieli mSromelebisTvis iseTi mniSvnelovani daniSnulebis

qveynebis profkavSirebTan,rogorebic gaxlavT espaneTi da Sveicaria.

2005 wlis aprilSi taivanis mSenebel mSromelTa erovnul frderaciasa (

da pilipinebis mSenebel mSromelTa erovnul kavSirs ( Soris daido

xelSekruleba,romlis ZaliTac migrant mSromelebs am ori qveynidan xelmoweri

qveynebis teritoriaze miecemaT iseTive xelfasi da imuSaveben iseTive pirobebSi,

rogorc adgilobrivi mSromelebi da maTTvis Ria iqneba maspinZeli qveynis

profkavSirebis karebi.

rodesac saqme exeba migrant mSromelebTan dakavSirebul politikas da aqtivobebs,

mniSvnelovania rom profkavSirebma am mimarTulebiT moipovon sakuTari wevrebis

mxardaWera. adgilobrivi mosaxleoba migrantebSi zogjer raRac safrTxes xedavs da

amdenad qsenofobia bevr ganviTarebul qveyanaSi seriozuli problema gaxlavT.

profkavSirebi swored is organizaciebi arian, romlebmac aseTi daZabulobebis da

midgomebis Tavidan asacileblad aqtiuri muSaoba unda gaswion sakuTar wevrebTan.

Rirseuli samuSaos programis ganxorcieleba rasizmis da qsenobofiis winaaRmdeg

brZolis Zalian mniSvnelovani elementia. am TvalsazrisiT, gansakuTrebuli

yuradReba unda daeTmos ganaTlebas, trainings da ganviTarebas. qvemoT moyvanilia

imis ramdenime warmatebuli magaliTi, Tu rogor unda warmarTon profkavSirebma

sakuTar wevrebTan muSaoba am TvalsazrisiT:

germania: volcvagenis saavtomobilo koncernis profkavSirebma menejmentTan

konsultaciebis Sedegad miiRes deklaracia volcvagenis mSromelTa socialuri

uflebebis da samrewvelo urTierTobebis Sesaxeb. profkavSirebma qarxnis

TanamSromlebSi gaavrceles beWduri informacia, romelic mouwodebda sxvadasxva

samizne jgufebs, magaliTad rogoricaa kadrebis ganyofileba, gamoeaSkarevebinaT

diskriminaciis nebismieri gamovlineba. Tanabari SesaZleblobebis moduli

kvalifikaciis integrirebuli nawili gaxda da am Temaze moewyo ara erTi seminari da

profesiuli treiningi. Seiqmna xuTi samuSao jgufi, maTTan muSaobis mizniT

daiqiraves eqspert-konsultantebi da muSaobis mTavari mizani gaxldaT yvela saxis

eqstremizmis gamovlineba da aRmofxvra. Seiqmna specialuri saxelmZRanelo,

romelic daurigdaT axalgazrdebs,treinerebs da ganaTlebis muSakebs.

�

�

�

�

CGTP-IN)

CGTP-IN)

NFCCWU)

NUBCW)

me-3 ReZi: profkavSirebis wevrebis,gansakuTrebiT ki seqtoruli liderebis da

aqtivistebis ganaTleba da maTi informirebulobis donis amaRleba.

profkavSirebi da maTi wevrebi daniSnulebis qveynebSi.

111


me

-6

Ta

vi

112


irlandia: profkavSirebis irlandiis kongresis ( migranti eTnikuri

umciresobebis jgufebis,irlandiis biznesis da damsaqmebelTa konfederaciis (

da sxva organizaciebis erToblivi ZalisxmeviT yovelwliurad samuSao adgilebze

anti-rasistuli brZolis kvireuli tardebada. am erovnuli kompaniis mizania

samuSao adgilebze rasizmis gamovlinebebis aRmofxvra. kvireulis farglebSi

adgilobrivi, migranti mSromelebi da eTnikuri umciresobebis warmomadgenlebi

msjeloben sxvadasxva saWirboroto sakiTxze. ewyoba seminarebi, konferenciebi da

sxvadasxva kulturuli RonisZiebebi. monawileebs urigdebaT sxvadasxva

sainformacio masala, posterebi da biuletinebi. amJamad, irlandiis profkavSirebis

kongresis,sxva profkavSruli organizaciis da S.s.o s egidiT imarTeba sainformacio

kompania saxelwodebiT Tanasworoba mraval-ferovnebaSi-migracia-integracia.

warmoSobis qveynebis profkavSiruli organizaciebis winaSe odnav gansxvavebuli

amocana dgas. maT,rogorc wesi,SezRuduli resursebi aqvT da amdenad maqsimalurad

unda gamoiyenon sakuTari wevrebi raTa xma miawvdinon mSromelebs, romlebic

profkavSirebSi ar arian gaerTianebulni. profkavSirebma gansakuTrebuli

yuradReba unda miaqcion im mSromelebs, ganurCevlad imisa arian Tu ara isini

profkavSiris wevrebi, romlebic SromiT migraciaSi apireben wasvlas. swored amas

akeTebs nepalis transportis mSromelTa damoukidebeli profkavSiri (

rogorc es 1-li RerZis magaliTebis ganxilvisas iyo moyvanili. kerZod, isini

axalgazrda migrant mSromelebs acnoben im safrTxeebs, romelic maT indoeTSi

mimaval gzaze SeiZleba SexvdeT.

is kerZo kompaniebi da calkeuli pirovnebebi,romlebic,sakmad maRali anazRaurebis

fasad, mSromelebs pirdebian samuSaos sazRvargareT, rogorc wesi azviadeben maT

perspeqtivebs da aknineben im riskebs da sirTuleebs,romelic migrantebs ucxoeTSi

xvdebaT. xSirad, im SemTxvevebSic ki, rodesac ucxoeTSi SromiTma migraciam

adamianebSi didi gulgacrueba gamoiwvia, samSobloSi dabrunebis Semdeg isini

amjobineben amaze Riad ar isaubron. TavianTi erT-erTi wevris ucxoeTSi gasagzavnad,

sadac adamianebi sxva enaze saubroben, gansxvavebuli kultura, klimati da

samzareuloa, ojaxebi xSirad yidian saxl-kars, vardebian valebSi. isec xdeba rom,

Casvlisas migranti mSromelebi rasizmis, diskriminaciis da qsenofobiis obieqtebi

xdebian da maT ar uxdian im raodenobis Tanxas, rasac es kerZo kompaniebi Tu

calkeuli pirebi wasvlamde pirdebodnen. magram,sakmaod rTulia es warumatebloba

aRiaro samSombloSi Camosvlis Semdeg. raTqma unda. zogierTi migranti mSromeli

Soulobs maRalanazRaurebad samuSaos da saxlSi brundeba garkveuli kapitaliT,

romelic mas saSualebas aZlevs Tavis qveyanaSi daiwyos axali biznesi.

saxelmwifo uwyebebi valdebulni arian zusti informacia miawodon dainteresebul

pirebs samuSao adgilebis xelmisawvdomobis Sesaxeb,magram bevri adamiani ar endoba

saxelmwifo uwyebebs da amasTanave es uwyebebi xSirad ver muSaoben efeqturad.

amdenad, swored profkavSiruli organizaciebi unda gaxdnien saimedo informaciis

wyaro da isini unda aavrcelebden am informacias dainteresebul pirebSi.

ICTU),

IBEC)

ITWAN),

-“ 49

profkavSirebi da maTi wevrebi warmoSobis qveynebSi

irlandia: profkavSirebis irlandiis kongresis ( migranti eTnikuri

umciresobebis jgufebis,irlandiis biznesis da damsaqmebelTa konfederaciis (

da sxva organizaciebis erToblivi ZalisxmeviT yovelwliurad samuSao adgilebze

anti-rasistuli brZolis kvireuli tardebada. am erovnuli kompaniis mizania

samuSao adgilebze rasizmis gamovlinebebis aRmofxvra. kvireulis farglebSi

adgilobrivi, migranti mSromelebi da eTnikuri umciresobebis warmomadgenlebi

msjeloben sxvadasxva saWirboroto sakiTxze. ewyoba seminarebi, konferenciebi da

sxvadasxva kulturuli RonisZiebebi. monawileebs urigdebaT sxvadasxva

sainformacio masala, posterebi da biuletinebi. amJamad, irlandiis profkavSirebis

kongresis,sxva profkavSruli organizaciis da S.s.o s egidiT imarTeba sainformacio

kompania saxelwodebiT Tanasworoba mraval-ferovnebaSi-migracia-integracia.

warmoSobis qveynebis profkavSiruli organizaciebis winaSe odnav gansxvavebuli

amocana dgas. maT,rogorc wesi,SezRuduli resursebi aqvT da amdenad maqsimalurad

unda gamoiyenon sakuTari wevrebi raTa xma miawvdinon mSromelebs, romlebic

profkavSirebSi ar arian gaerTianebulni. profkavSirebma gansakuTrebuli

yuradReba unda miaqcion im mSromelebs, ganurCevlad imisa arian Tu ara isini

profkavSiris wevrebi, romlebic SromiT migraciaSi apireben wasvlas. swored amas

akeTebs nepalis transportis mSromelTa damoukidebeli profkavSiri (

rogorc es 1-li RerZis magaliTebis ganxilvisas iyo moyvanili. kerZod, isini

axalgazrda migrant mSromelebs acnoben im safrTxeebs, romelic maT indoeTSi

mimaval gzaze SeiZleba SexvdeT.

is kerZo kompaniebi da calkeuli pirovnebebi,romlebic,sakmad maRali anazRaurebis

fasad, mSromelebs pirdebian samuSaos sazRvargareT, rogorc wesi azviadeben maT

perspeqtivebs da aknineben im riskebs da sirTuleebs,romelic migrantebs ucxoeTSi

xvdebaT. xSirad, im SemTxvevebSic ki, rodesac ucxoeTSi SromiTma migraciam

adamianebSi didi gulgacrueba gamoiwvia, samSobloSi dabrunebis Semdeg isini

amjobineben amaze Riad ar isaubron. TavianTi erT-erTi wevris ucxoeTSi gasagzavnad,

sadac adamianebi sxva enaze saubroben, gansxvavebuli kultura, klimati da

samzareuloa, ojaxebi xSirad yidian saxl-kars, vardebian valebSi. isec xdeba rom,

Casvlisas migranti mSromelebi rasizmis, diskriminaciis da qsenofobiis obieqtebi

xdebian da maT ar uxdian im raodenobis Tanxas, rasac es kerZo kompaniebi Tu

calkeuli pirebi wasvlamde pirdebodnen. magram,sakmaod rTulia es warumatebloba

aRiaro samSombloSi Camosvlis Semdeg. raTqma unda. zogierTi migranti mSromeli

Soulobs maRalanazRaurebad samuSaos da saxlSi brundeba garkveuli kapitaliT,

romelic mas saSualebas aZlevs Tavis qveyanaSi daiwyos axali biznesi.

saxelmwifo uwyebebi valdebulni arian zusti informacia miawodon dainteresebul

pirebs samuSao adgilebis xelmisawvdomobis Sesaxeb,magram bevri adamiani ar endoba

saxelmwifo uwyebebs da amasTanave es uwyebebi xSirad ver muSaoben efeqturad.

amdenad, swored profkavSiruli organizaciebi unda gaxdnien saimedo informaciis

wyaro da isini unda aavrcelebden am informacias dainteresebul pirebSi.

ICTU),

IBEC)

ITWAN),

-“ 49

profkavSirebi da maTi wevrebi warmoSobis qveynebSi

www.ictu.ie,

http://www.ictu.ie.press/2006/11/09/migration-adress-to-institute-of-european-affairs/

devid begis mimarTvidan evropul saqmeTa institutSi, 2006 wlis 9 noemberiwww.ictu.ie,

http://www.ictu.ie.press/2006/11/09/migration-adress-to-institute-of-european-affairs/

devid begis mimarTvidan evropul saqmeTa institutSi, 2006 wlis 9 noemberi49

saxlis datoveba-organizaciuli muSaoba warmoSobis qveynebSi

me-4 RerZi: migrant mSromelebTan uSualo kontaqtebis damyareba

profkavSirebisTvis erT-erTi saukeTeso saSualeba ukeT moamzados migrantebi

ucxoeTSi sacxovreblad da samuSaod gaxlavT maTi organizeba migraciamde.

arsebobs ramdenime pozitiuri magaliTi imisa, Tu ramdenad sasargebloa migranti

mSromelebis organizeba moxdes maT warmoSobis qveynebSi, manam sanam isini

migraciaSi wavidodnen.

belgiis profkavSirebi aqtiuri dialogis reJimSi muSaoben migranti mSromelebis

warmoSobis qveynebis profkavSirebTan sxvadasxva seminarebis organizebis da

sainformacio centrebis gaxsnis gziT. rac Seexeba safrangeTs, am qveynis

profkavSirebma sakuTari ofisebi gaxsnes migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis

qveynebSi, sadac maTTvis xelmisawvdomi gaxda informaciis miReba maTi uflebebis

Sesaxeb da SeuZliaT gawevriandnen am profkavSirebSi.

migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis qveynebis profkavSirebic, Tavis mxriv,

motivirebulni arian ufro mWidro TanamSromloba(qseluri muSaoba) daamyaron

daniSnulebis qveynebis profkavSirebTan da Sesabamisad mudmivi kavSiri iqonion

TavianT “eqspatriart wevrebTan”: magaliTad:

erovnuli profkavSiruli centrebi Zalian arian dainteresebulni mudmivi

kavSiri iqonion eqspatriart wevrebTan. senegalis profkavSirebis federacia

( amis naTeli magaliTia. kidev erT warmatebul magaliTad domenikes

respublikis profkavSirebis konfederaciis muSaoba SeiZleba CaiTvalos.

nepalis profkavSirebis generalur konfederacias ( sakuTari

filialebi aqvs gaxsnili indoeTSi iq momuSave migranti mSromelebisTvis. maT

gamoaqveynes wigni, nepalur enaze, sadac moTxrobilia sxvadasxva qveynebSi

momuSave nepaleli mSromelebis realuri cxovrebiseuli istoriebi. sul

moyvanilia 43 istoria, rogorc samwuxaro, aseve warmatebuli gamocdilebebi im

nepaleli migranti mSromelebis, romlebis muSaoben hon-kongSi(CineTi), iaponiaSi,

koreis respublikaSi,Sua aRmosavleTsa da sxva qveynebSi.

ceilonis mSromelTa kongresi ( Sri-lankaSi, morokos mSromelTa

konfederacia ( portugaliis mSromelTa konfederacia ( yvela es

profkavSiruli moZraoba aqtiur organizaciul saqmianobas eweva mSromeli

migrantebis warmoSobis qveynebSi. migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis qveynebSi

moqmedi profkavSiruli centrebis absoluturi umravlesoba daxmarebas uwevs

SromiT migrantebs maTi samSobloSi dabrunebis Semdeg.

migranti mSromelebi ar arian pasiurni-isini erT-erTi yvelaze ufro bejiTi da

mizanmimarTuli adamianebis kategorias ganekuTvnebian-ucxoeTSi wasvla da iq

muSaoba ukve miuTiTebs adamianis gambedaobasa da simamacezec ki.

amdenad, SromiTi migraciis sferoSi, SromiTi migrantebis uflebebis dacva

profkavSirebis strategiis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi prioriteti unda gaxdes.

profkavSirebma SromiTi migrantebis uflebebi unda daicvan rogorc warmoSobis,

aseve daniSnulebis qveynebSi ganxorcielebuli iniciativebiT. Rirseuli samuSaos

da uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomebis principi srulad unda iyos integrirebuli

profkavSirebis saqmianobis yvela mimarTulebiT-organaizingi, advokatireba da

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saxlis datoveba-organizaciuli muSaoba warmoSobis qveynebSi

me-4 RerZi: migrant mSromelebTan uSualo kontaqtebis damyareba

profkavSirebisTvis erT-erTi saukeTeso saSualeba ukeT moamzados migrantebi

ucxoeTSi sacxovreblad da samuSaod gaxlavT maTi organizeba migraciamde.

arsebobs ramdenime pozitiuri magaliTi imisa, Tu ramdenad sasargebloa migranti

mSromelebis organizeba moxdes maT warmoSobis qveynebSi, manam sanam isini

migraciaSi wavidodnen.

belgiis profkavSirebi aqtiuri dialogis reJimSi muSaoben migranti mSromelebis

warmoSobis qveynebis profkavSirebTan sxvadasxva seminarebis organizebis da

sainformacio centrebis gaxsnis gziT. rac Seexeba safrangeTs, am qveynis

profkavSirebma sakuTari ofisebi gaxsnes migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis

qveynebSi, sadac maTTvis xelmisawvdomi gaxda informaciis miReba maTi uflebebis

Sesaxeb da SeuZliaT gawevriandnen am profkavSirebSi.

migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis qveynebis profkavSirebic, Tavis mxriv,

motivirebulni arian ufro mWidro TanamSromloba(qseluri muSaoba) daamyaron

daniSnulebis qveynebis profkavSirebTan da Sesabamisad mudmivi kavSiri iqonion

TavianT “eqspatriart wevrebTan”: magaliTad:

erovnuli profkavSiruli centrebi Zalian arian dainteresebulni mudmivi

kavSiri iqonion eqspatriart wevrebTan. senegalis profkavSirebis federacia

( amis naTeli magaliTia. kidev erT warmatebul magaliTad domenikes

respublikis profkavSirebis konfederaciis muSaoba SeiZleba CaiTvalos.

nepalis profkavSirebis generalur konfederacias ( sakuTari

filialebi aqvs gaxsnili indoeTSi iq momuSave migranti mSromelebisTvis. maT

gamoaqveynes wigni, nepalur enaze, sadac moTxrobilia sxvadasxva qveynebSi

momuSave nepaleli mSromelebis realuri cxovrebiseuli istoriebi. sul

moyvanilia 43 istoria, rogorc samwuxaro, aseve warmatebuli gamocdilebebi im

nepaleli migranti mSromelebis, romlebis muSaoben hon-kongSi(CineTi), iaponiaSi,

koreis respublikaSi,Sua aRmosavleTsa da sxva qveynebSi.

ceilonis mSromelTa kongresi ( Sri-lankaSi, morokos mSromelTa

konfederacia ( portugaliis mSromelTa konfederacia ( yvela es

profkavSiruli moZraoba aqtiur organizaciul saqmianobas eweva mSromeli

migrantebis warmoSobis qveynebSi. migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis qveynebSi

moqmedi profkavSiruli centrebis absoluturi umravlesoba daxmarebas uwevs

SromiT migrantebs maTi samSobloSi dabrunebis Semdeg.

migranti mSromelebi ar arian pasiurni-isini erT-erTi yvelaze ufro bejiTi da

mizanmimarTuli adamianebis kategorias ganekuTvnebian-ucxoeTSi wasvla da iq

muSaoba ukve miuTiTebs adamianis gambedaobasa da simamacezec ki.

amdenad, SromiTi migraciis sferoSi, SromiTi migrantebis uflebebis dacva

profkavSirebis strategiis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi prioriteti unda gaxdes.

profkavSirebma SromiTi migrantebis uflebebi unda daicvan rogorc warmoSobis,

aseve daniSnulebis qveynebSi ganxorcielebuli iniciativebiT. Rirseuli samuSaos

da uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgomebis principi srulad unda iyos integrirebuli

profkavSirebis saqmianobis yvela mimarTulebiT-organaizingi, advokatireba da

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profkavSirebi migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis qveynebSi

profkavSirebi migranti mSromelebis daniSnulebis qveynebSi

rodesac ganvixilavT SromiTi migraciis mTel cikls, is iwyeba da mTavrdeba

migrantebis warmoSobis qveynebSi. swored iq,sadac xSirad resursebis yvelaze didi

deficitia.

im qveynebSi, sadac arsebobs migrantebis samSobloSi gamgzavrebis daxmarebis

aRmoCenis sistema,magaliTad rogorc pilipinebSi,migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis

qveynebSi profkavSirebs SeuZliaT CaerTon emigraciis wina periodSi da

konsultaciebiT daxmareba gauwion potenciur migrantebs da auxsnan, rom maT

SeuZliaT gawevriandnen maspinZeli qveynis profkavSirebSi.

Tu warmoSobis da daniSnulebis qveynebi geografiulad erTmaneTTan axlosaa, es

garemoeba xels uwyobs am qveynebis profkavSirebs Soris mWidro TanamSromlobas.

fineTis profkavSirebma estoneTSi im estonelebisaTvis,visac aqvT fineTSi muSaobis

ufleba da maTTvis vinc apirebs fineTSi SromiT migracias, gaxsna sainformacio

centri. dainteresebul pirebs eZlevaT amomwuravi informacia fineTis Sromis,

sagadasaxado kodeqsis da socialuri politikis Sesaxeb da mouwodebs maT

daniSnulebis qveyanaSi Caasvlis Semdeg daxmarebisTvis mimarTon maspinZeli qveynis

profkavSirebs.

organaizingi, koleqtiuri molaparakebebi, adamianis uflebebis dacva da maTi

xelSewyoba profkavSirebis is ZiriTadi amocanebia, romlebic sruli moculobiT

vrceldeba migrant mSromelebzec.

me-3 RerZis ganxilvisas, moyvanil iqna pozitiuri magaliTebi imisa, Tu rogor

cdiloben profkavSirebi migranti mSromelebis organizebas-xSirad warmoSobis

qveynebis profkavSirebis aqtivistebTan TanamSromlobis gziT. kerZod, migranti

mSromelebis kimitetebis da filialebis Camoyalibeba da konferenciebis gamarTva

uSualod mSromelebis CarTulobiT amis kargi magaliTebia.

bunebrivia,rom sainformacio bukletebis gamoSveba migranti mSromelebis mSobliur

enebze, organizatorebis unari iqonion pirdapiri komunikacia(Tarjimnis gareSe)

mSromebelebTan, mniSvnelovani faqtorebia maTi profkavSirebSi mozidvis

TvalsazrisiT. migrantebis profkavSirebSi gawevrianebis Semdeg, unda moxdes maT

Soris potenciuri liderebis identifikacia da maTvis specialuri treining

kursebis SeTavazeba.

rogorc ki mSromeli migrantebi dainaxaven, rom profkavSirebi maT mxarezea, isini

masSi gawevriandebian,ra Tqma unda,Tu ar eqnebaT imis safuZvliani SiSi,rom SesaZloa

amis gamo samuSao dakargon an deportirebul iyvnen.

samrewvelo urTierTobebis praqtikaze dayrdnobiT, profkavSirebi koleqtiuri

xelSekrulebis ( dadebisas,moiTxoven xelSekrulebaSi im debulebebis Setanas,

romlebic uzrunvelyofen migranti mSromelebisTvis Tanabari uflebebis miniWebas.

koleqtiuri xelSekrulebebi agreTve genderulad mgrZnobiare unda iyos:

gaTvaliswinebul unda iyos is garemoeba,rom migranti mSromelebi sxvadasxva sqesis

adamianebi arian.

koleqtuiri xelSekrulebis dadebisas, mniSvnelovania gaimarTos konsultaciebi

migrant mSromelebTan. profkavSirebma unda waaxalison mSromeli migranti qalebi,

rom maT profkavSirebis farglebSi Seqmnan sakuTari organizaciebi.

CBA)

profkavSirebi migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis qveynebSi

profkavSirebi migranti mSromelebis daniSnulebis qveynebSi

rodesac ganvixilavT SromiTi migraciis mTel cikls, is iwyeba da mTavrdeba

migrantebis warmoSobis qveynebSi. swored iq,sadac xSirad resursebis yvelaze didi

deficitia.

im qveynebSi, sadac arsebobs migrantebis samSobloSi gamgzavrebis daxmarebis

aRmoCenis sistema,magaliTad rogorc pilipinebSi,migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis

qveynebSi profkavSirebs SeuZliaT CaerTon emigraciis wina periodSi da

konsultaciebiT daxmareba gauwion potenciur migrantebs da auxsnan, rom maT

SeuZliaT gawevriandnen maspinZeli qveynis profkavSirebSi.

Tu warmoSobis da daniSnulebis qveynebi geografiulad erTmaneTTan axlosaa, es

garemoeba xels uwyobs am qveynebis profkavSirebs Soris mWidro TanamSromlobas.

fineTis profkavSirebma estoneTSi im estonelebisaTvis,visac aqvT fineTSi muSaobis

ufleba da maTTvis vinc apirebs fineTSi SromiT migracias, gaxsna sainformacio

centri. dainteresebul pirebs eZlevaT amomwuravi informacia fineTis Sromis,

sagadasaxado kodeqsis da socialuri politikis Sesaxeb da mouwodebs maT

daniSnulebis qveyanaSi Caasvlis Semdeg daxmarebisTvis mimarTon maspinZeli qveynis

profkavSirebs.

organaizingi, koleqtiuri molaparakebebi, adamianis uflebebis dacva da maTi

xelSewyoba profkavSirebis is ZiriTadi amocanebia, romlebic sruli moculobiT

vrceldeba migrant mSromelebzec.

me-3 RerZis ganxilvisas, moyvanil iqna pozitiuri magaliTebi imisa, Tu rogor

cdiloben profkavSirebi migranti mSromelebis organizebas-xSirad warmoSobis

qveynebis profkavSirebis aqtivistebTan TanamSromlobis gziT. kerZod, migranti

mSromelebis kimitetebis da filialebis Camoyalibeba da konferenciebis gamarTva

uSualod mSromelebis CarTulobiT amis kargi magaliTebia.

bunebrivia,rom sainformacio bukletebis gamoSveba migranti mSromelebis mSobliur

enebze, organizatorebis unari iqonion pirdapiri komunikacia(Tarjimnis gareSe)

mSromebelebTan, mniSvnelovani faqtorebia maTi profkavSirebSi mozidvis

TvalsazrisiT. migrantebis profkavSirebSi gawevrianebis Semdeg, unda moxdes maT

Soris potenciuri liderebis identifikacia da maTvis specialuri treining

kursebis SeTavazeba.

rogorc ki mSromeli migrantebi dainaxaven, rom profkavSirebi maT mxarezea, isini

masSi gawevriandebian,ra Tqma unda,Tu ar eqnebaT imis safuZvliani SiSi,rom SesaZloa

amis gamo samuSao dakargon an deportirebul iyvnen.

samrewvelo urTierTobebis praqtikaze dayrdnobiT, profkavSirebi koleqtiuri

xelSekrulebis ( dadebisas,moiTxoven xelSekrulebaSi im debulebebis Setanas,

romlebic uzrunvelyofen migranti mSromelebisTvis Tanabari uflebebis miniWebas.

koleqtiuri xelSekrulebebi agreTve genderulad mgrZnobiare unda iyos:

gaTvaliswinebul unda iyos is garemoeba,rom migranti mSromelebi sxvadasxva sqesis

adamianebi arian.

koleqtuiri xelSekrulebis dadebisas, mniSvnelovania gaimarTos konsultaciebi

migrant mSromelebTan. profkavSirebma unda waaxalison mSromeli migranti qalebi,

rom maT profkavSirebis farglebSi Seqmnan sakuTari organizaciebi.

CBA)

espaneTis profkavSirebis mxardaWera Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone

mSromelebisadmi

a.S.S-s profkavSirebi moiTxoven yvela mSromelisTvis Tanabar uflebebs

me-5 TavSi saubari iyo imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor SeuZliaT profkavSirebs migranti

mSromelebis samuSao pirobebis gaumjobesebis mizniT efeqturad gamoiyenon S.s.o s

sazedamxedvelo struqturebi.

CrdiloeT afrikis qveynebidan espaneTSi Casuli SromiTi migrantebis umravlesoba

qveynis samxreT provinciaSi,andaluciaSi muSaobs da cxovrobs. isini plastikur da

xis qoxebSi cxovroben,romelsac Cabolas eZaxian,yovelgvari wyalgayvanilobis da

kanalizaciis gareSe. plantaciebSi momuSave migrantebs, rogorc wesi Sesabami

registracia ara aqvT gavlili, maTi xelfasebi mcirea da samuSao saxifaTo.

warmoudgenelia, rogor SeiZleba Tanamedrove evropaSi adamianebi aseT pirobebSi

cxovrobdnen ganacxada espaneTis profkavSirebis konfederaciis ( migraciis

sakiTxebis kuratorma manuel delgado salasma.

(unda gvaxsovdes,rom soflis meurnebaSi dasaqmebuloba erT-erTi yvelaze saxifaTo

profesiaa da fataluri ubeduri SemTxvevebis ricxvic aq erT-erTi yvelaze ufro

maRalia.)

CrdiloeT afrikidan espaneTSi Camosuli migrantebis umravlesoba morokoelebi da

sab-sahareli fermerebi arian. daaxloebiT 40 000 adamiani muSaobs xilis

gadamamuSavebel qarxnebSi, sadac awarmoeben evropis da amerikis supermarketebSi

eqsportad gasatan produqcia. aq momuSave migrantebis 25 procents ar gaaCniaT

legaluri statusi da maTi xelfasi zogjer ar aRemateba 20 evros dReSi.

andaluciiaSi momuSave migranti mSromelebisaTvis espaneTis profkavSirebis

konfederacia axorcielebs ramodenime proeqts; migranti mSromelebisTvis espanuri

enis gakveTilebi,profesiuli ganaTleba,administraciuli mxardaWera da Ria resurs

centri,romelic Zalian popularulia aralegalur migrant mSromelebs Soris. “Cven

unda SevcvaloT arsebuli saemigracio kanonmdebloba, rac saSualebas miscems

adamianebs kanonierad imuSaon qveyanaSi,” ganacxada espaneTis profkavSirebis

koordinatorma. “samuSaos xelmisawvdomobis xelovnuri SezRudviT, Cven

faqtobrivad xels vuwyobT aralegalurad Semosuli migrantebis zrdas da maTi

kontrabandulad gadamyvani pirebis saqmianobas

2006 wels amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb kanononSi

Semosulma winadadebebma sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis Sesaxeb didi vnebaTaRelva

gamoiwvia. 2006 wlis 1 maiss profkavSirebis aqtiuri monawileobiT erT milionze

meti adamiani gamovida quSaSi saprotesto aqciiT-albaT es yvelaze masobrivi

demonstracia iyo am saukuneSi. es imis naTeli magaliTia, Tu rogor SeiZleba

arsebuli samrewvelo urTierTobebis WrilSi, profkavSirebma Sescvalon manamade

arsebuli maTi midgomebi da pozicia.

qveyanaSi arsebulma masobrivma diskriminaciulma praqtikam SromiTi urTierTobebis

sferoSi, amerikis profkavSirebis centrs- wels gadaawyvetina Seecvala

sakuTari damokidebuleba da mxari ar daeWira “damsaqmebelTa sanqciis”

politikisadmi, romlis Sesaxeb sakanonmdeblo aqti ZalaSi 1986 wels Sevida. am

kanonis Tanaxmad, samarTleblivi sanqciebio gamoiyeneboda im damqiravleblebis

winaaRmdeg, romlebis samuSaod uflebamosilebis armoqone ucxo qveynis moqalaqes

aiyvanda. rogorc praqtikam aCvena,aman gamoiiwvia Savkaniani,espanurenovani,azieli da

sxva araTeTrkaniani adamianis diskriminacia,maT Soris maTic,vinc a.S.S-s moqalaqeebi

iyvnen an hqondaT qveyanaSi cxovrebis kanonieri ufleba.

-

“

“

”

”,

”.

CC.OO)

AFL-CIO, 2000

espaneTis profkavSirebis mxardaWera Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone

mSromelebisadmi

a.S.S-s profkavSirebi moiTxoven yvela mSromelisTvis Tanabar uflebebs

me-5 TavSi saubari iyo imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor SeuZliaT profkavSirebs migranti

mSromelebis samuSao pirobebis gaumjobesebis mizniT efeqturad gamoiyenon S.s.o s

sazedamxedvelo struqturebi.

CrdiloeT afrikis qveynebidan espaneTSi Casuli SromiTi migrantebis umravlesoba

qveynis samxreT provinciaSi,andaluciaSi muSaobs da cxovrobs. isini plastikur da

xis qoxebSi cxovroben,romelsac Cabolas eZaxian,yovelgvari wyalgayvanilobis da

kanalizaciis gareSe. plantaciebSi momuSave migrantebs, rogorc wesi Sesabami

registracia ara aqvT gavlili, maTi xelfasebi mcirea da samuSao saxifaTo.

warmoudgenelia, rogor SeiZleba Tanamedrove evropaSi adamianebi aseT pirobebSi

cxovrobdnen ganacxada espaneTis profkavSirebis konfederaciis ( migraciis

sakiTxebis kuratorma manuel delgado salasma.

(unda gvaxsovdes,rom soflis meurnebaSi dasaqmebuloba erT-erTi yvelaze saxifaTo

profesiaa da fataluri ubeduri SemTxvevebis ricxvic aq erT-erTi yvelaze ufro

maRalia.)

CrdiloeT afrikidan espaneTSi Camosuli migrantebis umravlesoba morokoelebi da

sab-sahareli fermerebi arian. daaxloebiT 40 000 adamiani muSaobs xilis

gadamamuSavebel qarxnebSi, sadac awarmoeben evropis da amerikis supermarketebSi

eqsportad gasatan produqcia. aq momuSave migrantebis 25 procents ar gaaCniaT

legaluri statusi da maTi xelfasi zogjer ar aRemateba 20 evros dReSi.

andaluciiaSi momuSave migranti mSromelebisaTvis espaneTis profkavSirebis

konfederacia axorcielebs ramodenime proeqts; migranti mSromelebisTvis espanuri

enis gakveTilebi,profesiuli ganaTleba,administraciuli mxardaWera da Ria resurs

centri,romelic Zalian popularulia aralegalur migrant mSromelebs Soris. “Cven

unda SevcvaloT arsebuli saemigracio kanonmdebloba, rac saSualebas miscems

adamianebs kanonierad imuSaon qveyanaSi,” ganacxada espaneTis profkavSirebis

koordinatorma. “samuSaos xelmisawvdomobis xelovnuri SezRudviT, Cven

faqtobrivad xels vuwyobT aralegalurad Semosuli migrantebis zrdas da maTi

kontrabandulad gadamyvani pirebis saqmianobas

2006 wels amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb kanononSi

Semosulma winadadebebma sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis Sesaxeb didi vnebaTaRelva

gamoiwvia. 2006 wlis 1 maiss profkavSirebis aqtiuri monawileobiT erT milionze

meti adamiani gamovida quSaSi saprotesto aqciiT-albaT es yvelaze masobrivi

demonstracia iyo am saukuneSi. es imis naTeli magaliTia, Tu rogor SeiZleba

arsebuli samrewvelo urTierTobebis WrilSi, profkavSirebma Sescvalon manamade

arsebuli maTi midgomebi da pozicia.

qveyanaSi arsebulma masobrivma diskriminaciulma praqtikam SromiTi urTierTobebis

sferoSi, amerikis profkavSirebis centrs- wels gadaawyvetinaSeecvala

sakuTari damokidebuleba da mxari ar daeWira “damsaqmebelTa sanqciis”

politikisadmi, romlis Sesaxeb sakanonmdeblo aqti ZalaSi 1986 wels Sevida. am

kanonis Tanaxmad, samarTleblivi sanqciebio gamoiyeneboda im damqiravleblebis

winaaRmdeg, romlebis samuSaod uflebamosilebis armoqone ucxo qveynis moqalaqes

aiyvanda. rogorc praqtikam aCvena,aman gamoiiwvia Savkaniani,espanurenovani,azieli da

sxva araTeTrkaniani adamianis diskriminacia,maT Soris maTic,vinc a.S.S-s moqalaqeebi

iyvnen an hqondaT qveyanaSi cxovrebis kanonieri ufleba.

-

“

“

”

”,

”.

CC.OO)

AFL-CIO, 2000

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xSir SemTxvevaSi, TviT damqiraveblebic borotad iyenebdnen manmade arsebul

kanonmdeblobas profkavSirebis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi. magaliTad, maT migranti

mSromelebis aralegaluri statusi mxolod maSin axsendebodaT,rodesac migranti

mSromelebi daapirebdnen profkavSirebSi gawevrianebas an samarTlianad

moiTxovdnen fulad kompensacias samrewvelo tramvebis SemTxvevaSi. faqtiurad,

damqiraveblebi saemigracio samsaxurebis ( informatorebis uflebamosilebiT

iyvnen aRWurvilni da am uflebamosilebas sakuTari Sexedulebimisamebr iyenebdnen.

amerikis profkavSiruli centris ( politika iTvaliswinebs rogorc

migranti, aseve qveyanaSi amJamad arsebuli mSromelebis uflebebis dacvas.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba “stumari mSromelebis programebis

ganxorcielebas,radgan mSromelebis swored es kategoriaa yvelaze ufro mowyvladi

da naklebad daculi (ixileT cxrili)

INS)

AFL-CIO)

”

xSir SemTxvevaSi, TviT damqiraveblebic borotad iyenebdnen manmade arsebul

kanonmdeblobas profkavSirebis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi. magaliTad, maT migranti

mSromelebis aralegaluri statusi mxolod maSin axsendebodaT,rodesac migranti

mSromelebi daapirebdnen profkavSirebSi gawevrianebas an samarTlianad

moiTxovdnen fulad kompensacias samrewvelo tramvebis SemTxvevaSi. faqtiurad,

damqiraveblebi saemigracio samsaxurebis ( informatorebis uflebamosilebiT

iyvnen aRWurvilni da am uflebamosilebas sakuTari Sexedulebimisamebr iyenebdnen.

amerikis profkavSiruli centris ( politika iTvaliswinebs rogorc

migranti, aseve qveyanaSi amJamad arsebuli mSromelebis uflebebis dacvas.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba “stumari mSromelebis programebis

ganxorcielebas,radgan mSromelebis swored es kategoriaa yvelaze ufro mowyvladi

da naklebad daculi (ixileT cxrili)

INS)

AFL-CIO)

”

profkavSirebi ruseTis federaciaSi,migranti mSromelebi

ruseTis federaciaSi, profkavSirebis mudmivad mzardma mxardaWeram registraciis

armqone migranti mSromelebis da trefikingis msxverpli adamianebis mimarT

dadebiTi Sedegi gamoiRo. a.S.S -s Semdeg,swored ruseTis federaciaSi Cadis yvelaze

meti migranti mSromeli.

ruseTis federaciis mSenebelTa profkavSirebsa da tajikeTs Soris xeli moewera

xelSekrulebas TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb, romelic miznad isaxavs samSeneblo

seqtorSi momuSave tajiki migranti mSromelebis kanonieri interesebis dacvas.

am xelSekrulebis dadebidan 1 wlis Semdeg,sul 2 872 migranti mSromeli gaerTianda

ruseTis mSenebelTa profkavSirebSi; profkavSirebis daxmarebiT 862-ma migrantma

mSromelma miiRo legalurad muSaobis ufleba da 5milion rublze meti daubrundaT

migrant mSromelebs xelfasebis saxiT. specialuri centrebis Camoyalibebis gziT,

ruseTis profkavSirebi migrant mSromelebs damatebiT momsaxurebas uweven.

3 000-ze metma mSenebelma migrantma isargebla am momsaxurebis centrebiT da 1000-ze

met adamians mieca ufleba legalurad emuSava.

1

profkavSirebi ruseTis federaciaSi,migranti mSromelebi

ruseTis federaciaSi, profkavSirebis mudmivad mzardma mxardaWeram registraciis

armqone migranti mSromelebis da trefikingis msxverpli adamianebis mimarT

dadebiTi Sedegi gamoiRo. a.S.S -s Semdeg,swored ruseTis federaciaSi Cadis yvelaze

meti migranti mSromeli.

ruseTis federaciis mSenebelTa profkavSirebsa da tajikeTs Soris xeli moewera

xelSekrulebas TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb, romelic miznad isaxavs samSeneblo

seqtorSi momuSave tajiki migranti mSromelebis kanonieri interesebis dacvas.

am xelSekrulebis dadebidan 1 wlis Semdeg,sul 2 872 migranti mSromeli gaerTianda

ruseTis mSenebelTa profkavSirebSi; profkavSirebis daxmarebiT 862-ma migrantma

mSromelma miiRo legalurad muSaobis ufleba da 5milion rublze meti daubrundaT

migrant mSromelebs xelfasebis saxiT. specialuri centrebis Camoyalibebis gziT,

ruseTis profkavSirebi migrant mSromelebs damatebiT momsaxurebas uweven.

3 000-ze metma mSenebelma migrantma isargebla am momsaxurebis centrebiT da 1000-ze

met adamians mieca ufleba legalurad emuSava.

1

amerikis Sromis federacia da industriuli organizaciebis kongresi (AFL-CIO)

Cven darwmunebulni varT,rom aranairi gamarTleba ar gaaCnia im garemoebas,rom

emigrantebs,romlebic Camodian Cvens qveyanaSi samuSaod,mzad arian gadaixadon

gadasaxadebi da pativi scen qveynis kanonebs, aqvT stumari-mSromelis

meorexarisxovani statusi.

droebiTi stumari-mSromelis programis ganvrcoba da mxardaWera niSnavs

arademokratiuli,klasebad dayofili sazogadoebis mSeneblobas.

am modelis winaaRmdeg brZolis mizniT, amerikis Sromis federaciam da

industriuli organizaciebis kongresma sazogadoebas ufro humanuri da

demokratiuli alternativa SesTavaza. kerZod,Tu damqiravebeli daadasturebs,

rom mas namdvilad sWirdeba ucxoeli mSromelis daqiraveba, maSin ucxoel

mSromelebs unda hqondeT iseTive uflebebi,SromiTi da socialuri garantiebi,

rogorc nebismier a.S.S -s moqalaqes. rodesac WeSmaritad arsebobs ucxoeli

mSromelebis samuSaod ayvanis aucilebloba,Cven maT unda movepyraT ara rogorc

stumrebs”,aramed rogorc Cveni sazogadoebis sruluflebian wevrebs,romelTa

eqspluataciis saSualeba ar unda mieceT xarb damqiravleblebs.

migrant mSromelebs sWirdebaT gza romelic maT legalizacias da Sesabamisad

uflebebis da kanonieri interesebis dacvas uzrunvelyofs. Cven, rogorc eri,

romelic amayobs Tanasworuflebianobis da samarTlianobis principebiT,

bolomde erTgulni unda davrCeT Cveni arCevanis.

“

amerikis Sromis federacia da industriuli organizaciebis kongresi (AFL-CIO)

Cven darwmunebulni varT,rom aranairi gamarTleba ar gaaCnia im garemoebas,rom

emigrantebs,romlebic Camodian Cvens qveyanaSi samuSaod,mzad arian gadaixadon

gadasaxadebi da pativi scen qveynis kanonebs, aqvT stumari-mSromelis

meorexarisxovani statusi.

droebiTi stumari-mSromelis programis ganvrcoba da mxardaWera niSnavs

arademokratiuli,klasebad dayofili sazogadoebis mSeneblobas.

am modelis winaaRmdeg brZolis mizniT, amerikis Sromis federaciam da

industriuli organizaciebis kongresma sazogadoebas ufro humanuri da

demokratiuli alternativa SesTavaza. kerZod,Tu damqiravebeli daadasturebs,

rom mas namdvilad sWirdeba ucxoeli mSromelis daqiraveba, maSin ucxoel

mSromelebs unda hqondeT iseTive uflebebi,SromiTi da socialuri garantiebi,

rogorc nebismier a.S.S -s moqalaqes. rodesac WeSmaritad arsebobs ucxoeli

mSromelebis samuSaod ayvanis aucilebloba,Cven maT unda movepyraT ara rogorc

stumrebs”,aramed rogorc Cveni sazogadoebis sruluflebian wevrebs,romelTa

eqspluataciis saSualeba ar unda mieceT xarb damqiravleblebs.

migrant mSromelebs sWirdebaT gza romelic maT legalizacias da Sesabamisad

uflebebis da kanonieri interesebis dacvas uzrunvelyofs. Cven, rogorc eri,

romelic amayobs Tanasworuflebianobis da samarTlianobis principebiT,

bolomde erTgulni unda davrCeT Cveni arCevanis.

“

malaaziis profkavSirebi migrant mSromelebs icaven

malaazia, erT-erTi warmatebuli samxreT-aRmosavleT aziis qveyana, ZiriTadad

migranti mSromelebis daniSnulebis qveyanaa. kvalifikaciis armqone migranti

mSromelebi ZiriTad Camodian bangladeSidan, indoneziidan da nepalidan, xolo

zogierTi kvalificiuri malaazieli mSromeli Tavad midis ucxoeTSi samuSaod.

malaaziis profkavSirebis kongresis ( mier 2005 wels SemuSavebuli politikis

Tanaxmad, aralegaluri migranti mSromelebi safrTxes warmoadgenen adgilobrivi

MTUC)

malaaziis profkavSirebi migrant mSromelebs icaven

malaazia, erT-erTi warmatebuli samxreT-aRmosavleT aziis qveyana, ZiriTadad

migranti mSromelebis daniSnulebis qveyanaa. kvalifikaciis armqone migranti

mSromelebi ZiriTad Camodian bangladeSidan, indoneziidan da nepalidan, xolo

zogierTi kvalificiuri malaazieli mSromeli Tavad midis ucxoeTSi samuSaod.

malaaziis profkavSirebis kongresis ( mier 2005 wels SemuSavebuli politikis

Tanaxmad, aralegaluri migranti mSromelebi safrTxes warmoadgenen adgilobrivi

MTUC)

sxva mniSvnelovan nabijebTan erTad, romlis gadadgmas malaaziis profkavSirebis

kongresi ( apirebs,ganixileba Semdegi winadadebebi:

migranti mSromelebis organizeba

xeli Seewyos migranti mSromelebis kvalifikaciis amaRlebas, rac saSualebas

miscems maT aramarto iSovon ukeT anazRaurebadi samuSao da gaiumjobeson Sromis

pirobebi, aramed waadgeba maTi warmoSobis qveynebs migranti mSromelebis

samSobloSi dabrunebis Semdeg.

yovel seqtorSi moxdes samuSao Zalaze moTxovnis monitoringi da mTavrobasTan

erTad gadaidgas nabijebi,romelic ar dauSvebs nebismier seqtorSi Warbi samuSao

Zalis warmoSobas

iuristTa asociaciebTan da arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan ( erTad

Camoayalibon specialuri komiteti, romelic Seiswavlis migranti mSromelebis

mimarT diskriminaciul politikas, romelic saSualebas ar aZlevT maT

isargeblon fundamenturi SromiTi uflebebiT; SemuSavebul iqnes samarTleblivi

reformebis ganxorcielebis gegma da axali, yovlismomcveli SromiTi migraciis

da menejmentis politikis SemuSaveba da danergva.

MTUC)

NGOs)

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sxva mniSvnelovan nabijebTan erTad, romlis gadadgmas malaaziis profkavSirebis

kongresi ( apirebs,ganixileba Semdegi winadadebebi:

migranti mSromelebis organizeba

xeli Seewyos migranti mSromelebis kvalifikaciis amaRlebas, rac saSualebas

miscems maT aramarto iSovon ukeT anazRaurebadi samuSao da gaiumjobeson Sromis

pirobebi, aramed waadgeba maTi warmoSobis qveynebs migranti mSromelebis

samSobloSi dabrunebis Semdeg.

yovel seqtorSi moxdes samuSao Zalaze moTxovnis monitoringi da mTavrobasTan

erTad gadaidgas nabijebi,romelic ar dauSvebs nebismier seqtorSi Warbi samuSao

Zalis warmoSobas

iuristTa asociaciebTan da arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan ( erTad

Camoayalibon specialuri komiteti, romelic Seiswavlis migranti mSromelebis

mimarT diskriminaciul politikas, romelic saSualebas ar aZlevT maT

isargeblon fundamenturi SromiTi uflebebiT; SemuSavebul iqnes samarTleblivi

reformebis ganxorcielebis gegma da axali, yovlismomcveli SromiTi migraciis

da menejmentis politikis SemuSaveba da danergva.

MTUC)

NGOs)

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xazs usvams im eqspluataciur praqtikas, romelsac iyeneben migranti mSromelebis

winaaRmdeg:

xazs usvams im eqspluataciur praqtikas, romelsac iyeneben migranti mSromelebis

winaaRmdeg:

117


malaaziis profkavSirebis konfederacia gaatarebs mTel rig konkretul RonisZiebas,romelic miznad isaxavs qveyanaSi legalurad momuSave 1.5 milioni migrantimSromelis kanonieri interesebis dacvas. malaaziis profkavSirebis kongresi mxarsuWers saxelmwifos politikas gaakontrolos migrantebis Semodineba qveyanaSi.qveyanaSi didi raodenobiT araregistrirebuli migranti mSromelebis yofna RrmaduaryofiT gavlenas axdens legalurad momuSave migranti da adgilobrivimSromelebis xelfasebze da dasaqmebis pirobebze. araregistrirebuli migrantimSromelebi muSaoben mets da Rebuloben nakleb gasamrjelos da rogorc wesi araaqvT normaluri sayofacxovro pirobebi, jandacva da maT ar uxdian damatebiTanazRaurebas damatebiTi samuSao saaTebisTvis.

malaaziis profkavSirebis konfederacia gaatarebs mTel rig konkretul RonisZiebas,romelic miznad isaxavs qveyanaSi legalurad momuSave 1.5 milioni migrantimSromelis kanonieri interesebis dacvas. malaaziis profkavSirebis kongresi mxarsuWers saxelmwifos politikas gaakontrolos migrantebis Semodineba qveyanaSi.qveyanaSi didi raodenobiT araregistrirebuli migranti mSromelebis yofna RrmaduaryofiT gavlenas axdens legalurad momuSave migranti da adgilobrivimSromelebis xelfasebze da dasaqmebis pirobebze. araregistrirebuli migrantimSromelebi muSaoben mets da Rebuloben nakleb gasamrjelos da rogorc wesi araaqvT normaluri sayofacxovro pirobebi, jandacva da maT ar uxdian damatebiTanazRaurebas damatebiTi samuSao saaTebisTvis.

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winaswar SeTanxmebuli kontraqtebis Secvlis praqtika malaaziaSi mniSvnelovnadauaresebs migranti mSromelebis Sromis pirobebs da amcirebs maT gasamrjelos.xSiria imis SemTxvevebi, rom migranti mSromelebs malaaziaSi Camosvlis Semdegdamqiraveblebi sTavazoben ufro mcire xelfass,vidre amaze isini winaswar iyvnenSeTanxmebulni.rodesac migranti mSromelebi kanonierad iTxoven Sesrulebuli samuSaosTvisanazRaurebas an sxva rameze uwevT dava damsaqmebelTan, damsaqmebeli xSiradSurisZiebis mizniT auqmebs momCivani migranti mSromelis samuSao nebarTvas, risSedegadac migranti mSromeli kargavs legalur statuss da SesabamisadsamarTlebliv uflebas darCes qveyanaSi. vizis armqone pirebs ara aqvT uflebasaCivari Seitanon maspinZel qveyanis sasamarTloSi.emigraciis aqti(gansakuTrebiT me-6 Tavi) iTvaliswinebs sasjels, maT Sorisgarozgvas da patimrobas. is migranti mSromelebi, romlebic Caidenenadministraciul gadacdomas, SesaZloa sisxlis samarTleblivi devnis subieqtebigaxdnen. rogorc wesi, bevri migranti mSromelebisTvis Znelad xelmisawvdomiaadvokatis momsaxureba da samarTliani sasamarTlo procesi.

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winaswar SeTanxmebuli kontraqtebis Secvlis praqtika malaaziaSi mniSvnelovnadauaresebs migranti mSromelebis Sromis pirobebs da amcirebs maT gasamrjelos.xSiria imis SemTxvevebi, rom migranti mSromelebs malaaziaSi Camosvlis Semdegdamqiraveblebi sTavazoben ufro mcire xelfass,vidre amaze isini winaswar iyvnenSeTanxmebulni.rodesac migranti mSromelebi kanonierad iTxoven Sesrulebuli samuSaosTvisanazRaurebas an sxva rameze uwevT dava damsaqmebelTan, damsaqmebeli xSiradSurisZiebis mizniT auqmebs momCivani migranti mSromelis samuSao nebarTvas, risSedegadac migranti mSromeli kargavs legalur statuss da SesabamisadsamarTlebliv uflebas darCes qveyanaSi. vizis armqone pirebs ara aqvT uflebasaCivari Seitanon maspinZel qveyanis sasamarTloSi.emigraciis aqti(gansakuTrebiT me-6 Tavi) iTvaliswinebs sasjels, maT Sorisgarozgvas da patimrobas. is migranti mSromelebi, romlebic Caidenenadministraciul gadacdomas, SesaZloa sisxlis samarTleblivi devnis subieqtebigaxdnen. rogorc wesi, bevri migranti mSromelebisTvis Znelad xelmisawvdomiaadvokatis momsaxureba da samarTliani sasamarTlo procesi.

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118


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migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis qveynebis saelCoebTan da profkavSirebTan

mWidro TanamSromloba.

migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis qveynebis profkavSirul centrebTan erTad

yvela arsebuli urTierTgagebis memorandumis ( gadaxedva.

urTierTgagebis memorandumis standartuli modelis da dasaqmebis kontraqtis

SemuSaveba.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba daeTmos kerZo pirebis ojaxebSi momuSave migrant

mSromelebs. dasaqmebis aqtSi Setanil iqnes cvlilebebi, romelic kerZo pirebis

saxlSi dasaqmebul mSromelebs Sromas srulfasovani Sromis status mianiWebs;

SemuSavdes kontraqtebis standartuli formebi; waxalisdnen kerZo pirebTan

momuSave migrantebis gawevrianeba profkavSrebSi.

migranti mSromelebis samarTleblivi pirobebis gaumjobesebis mizniT

gaZlierdes SromiTi inspeqciis samsaxurebi.

gaTvaliswinebul iqnes yvela is safrTxeebi, romelic migranti mSromeli

mamakacebis da qalebis winaSe dgas,kerZod mZime samuSao pirobebi-sibinZure,saSiSi

da Rirsebis Semlaxveli samuSao,im qalebis mZime xverdi,romlebic araformalur

seqtorSi muSaoben.

malaaziis profkavSirebis kongresis ( mier gatarebuli politika imis naTeli

magaliTia, rom SesaZlebelia erTdroulad daicva rogorc migranti mSromelebis,

aseve adgilobrivi mSromelebis legitimuri interesebi.

indoeTis qalaqebSi,maT Soris bangaloresa da hiderabadSi,mumuSave informaciuli

teqnologiebis specialistebma Camoayalibes sakuTari forumi da gaxdnen

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso qselis ( wevri organizacia. sapasuxod,

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso qselma gamouSva s pasporti”, romelic

saSualebas aZlevs mobilur migrant mSromelebs SeinarCunon sakuTari

profkavSiruli uflebebi,rodesac isini erTi qveynidan meoreSi gadadian samuSaod.

pasporti am sferoSi dasaqmebul mSromelebs saSualebas aZlevs:

maTTvis xelmisawvdomi iyos gaerTianebis 900-ze meti organizaciis msoflio

qseli.

daniSnulebis qveyanaSi wevri profkavSiruli organizaciis keTilganwyoba da

daxmareba.

mWidro institucionaluri urTierTobebis damyareba adgilobriv TemebTan-

mudmivad informaciis miReba, kulturul da politikur RonisZiebebSi

monawileobis miReba.

adgilobriv doneze aqtivobebSi monawileobis miRebis SesaZlebloba-profesiul

sakiTxebze momuSave samuSao jgufebSi monawileoba,mag. treining kursebis saxiT.

informaciis miReba samuSao pirobebis, sabanko momsaxurebis, sagadasaxado

sistemis,skolebis,jandacvis da sapensio sistemebis Sesaxeb.

informaciis miReba dasaqmebis, kontraqtis dadebis, SromiTi kanonmdeblobis da

koleqtiuri xelSekrulebebis Sesaxeb.

damsaqmebelTan problemebis qonis SemTxvevaSi,samarTleblivi daxmarebis miReba.

MOU)

MTUC)

UNI)

UNI-

UNI

“

·

“profkavSirebis pasportebi”

51

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migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis qveynebis saelCoebTan da profkavSirebTan

mWidro TanamSromloba.

migranti mSromelebis warmoSobis qveynebis profkavSirul centrebTan erTad

yvela arsebuli urTierTgagebis memorandumis ( gadaxedva.

urTierTgagebis memorandumis standartuli modelis da dasaqmebis kontraqtis

SemuSaveba.

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba daeTmos kerZo pirebis ojaxebSi momuSave migrant

mSromelebs. dasaqmebis aqtSi Setanil iqnes cvlilebebi, romelic kerZo pirebis

saxlSi dasaqmebul mSromelebs Sromas srulfasovani Sromis status mianiWebs;

SemuSavdes kontraqtebis standartuli formebi; waxalisdnen kerZo pirebTan

momuSave migrantebis gawevrianeba profkavSrebSi.

migranti mSromelebis samarTleblivi pirobebis gaumjobesebis mizniT

gaZlierdes SromiTi inspeqciis samsaxurebi.

gaTvaliswinebul iqnes yvela is safrTxeebi, romelic migranti mSromeli

mamakacebis da qalebis winaSe dgas,kerZod mZime samuSao pirobebi-sibinZure,saSiSi

da Rirsebis Semlaxveli samuSao,im qalebis mZime xverdi,romlebic araformalur

seqtorSi muSaoben.

malaaziis profkavSirebis kongresis ( mier gatarebuli politika imis naTeli

magaliTia, rom SesaZlebelia erTdroulad daicva rogorc migranti mSromelebis,

aseve adgilobrivi mSromelebis legitimuri interesebi.

indoeTis qalaqebSi,maT Soris bangaloresa da hiderabadSi,mumuSave informaciuli

teqnologiebis specialistebma Camoayalibes sakuTari forumi da gaxdnen

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso qselis ( wevri organizacia. sapasuxod,

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso qselma gamouSva s pasporti”, romelic

saSualebas aZlevs mobilur migrant mSromelebs SeinarCunon sakuTari

profkavSiruli uflebebi,rodesac isini erTi qveynidan meoreSi gadadian samuSaod.

pasporti am sferoSi dasaqmebul mSromelebs saSualebas aZlevs:

maTTvis xelmisawvdomi iyos gaerTianebis 900-ze meti organizaciis msoflio

qseli.

daniSnulebis qveyanaSi wevri profkavSiruli organizaciis keTilganwyoba da

daxmareba.

mWidro institucionaluri urTierTobebis damyareba adgilobriv TemebTan-

mudmivad informaciis miReba, kulturul da politikur RonisZiebebSi

monawileobis miReba.

adgilobriv doneze aqtivobebSi monawileobis miRebis SesaZlebloba-profesiul

sakiTxebze momuSave samuSao jgufebSi monawileoba,mag. treining kursebis saxiT.

informaciis miReba samuSao pirobebis, sabanko momsaxurebis, sagadasaxado

sistemis,skolebis,jandacvis da sapensio sistemebis Sesaxeb.

informaciis miReba dasaqmebis, kontraqtis dadebis, SromiTi kanonmdeblobis da

koleqtiuri xelSekrulebebis Sesaxeb.

damsaqmebelTan problemebis qonis SemTxvevaSi,samarTleblivi daxmarebis miReba.

MOU)

MTUC)

UNI)

UNI-

UNI

“

·

“profkavSirebis pasportebi”

51

http://www.uniglobalunion.org/ixileT http://www.uniglobalunion.org/ixileT51

organizeba da brZola!

2008 wlis globalurma moxsenebam gaerTianebis Tavisufleba praqtikaSi: gamotanili

gakveTilebi, romelic gaxldaT S.s.o-s 1998 wlis deklaraciis Semdgom

ganviTarebuli movlenebis amsaxveli dokumenti ,xazi gausva im garemoebas,rom mTel

rig qveynebSi mSromeli migrantebis ufleba Seqmnan da gawevriandnen profkavSirebSi

samarTleblivad SezRudulia. amasTanave, 2008 wlis moxsenebaSi naTladaa

xazgasmuli,rom bolo aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi, profkavSirebis midgoma sagrZnoblad

Seicvala da gaaqtiurda, brZola migranti mSromelebis uflebebisaTvis da maTi

gawevrianeba profkavSirul organizaciebSi, miuxedavad maTi statusisa,

profkavSirebis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi prioriteti gaxda.es tendenciebi

TvalsaCinoa rogorc evropaSi, aseve afrikaSi, CrdiloeT da samxreT amerikaSi da

aziis kontinentze.

migranti mSromelebis profkavSirebSi gawevrianeba umniSvnelovanesi instrumentia,

romelic maT saSualebas miscemT monawileoba miiRon da isargeblon koleqtiuri

xelSekrulebebis sikeTeebiT. Tanasworobis principebi unda xorcieldebodes

upirveles yovlisa swored profkavSirebSi da migranti mSromelebis

warmomadgenlebi gverdi gverd unda isxdnen sxva mSromelebis warmomadgenlebTan,

rodesac mimdinareobs molaparakeba koleqtiuri xelSekrulebis sakiTxebze. aseT

xelSekrulebebSi unda iyos debulebebi, romlebic krZalavs nebismieri saxis

diskriminacias, kerZod,diskriminacias sqesis,rasobrivi da religiuri kuTvnilebis

safuZvelze, es sakiTxi ki Zalze aqtualuria, gansakuTrebiT migranti

mSromelebisTvis.

marTalia, swored aralegaluri migranti mSromelebi miekuTvnebian maRali riskis

jgufebs, magram zogjer legalurad momuSave migranti mSromelebis adamianis da

SromiTi uflebebic irRveva. is faqti, rom didi raodenobis migrant mSromels ar

eZlevaT ufleba gawevriandnen profkavSirul organizaciebSi, gaxda erovnuli da

saerTaSoriso profkavSiruli moZraobis mobilizaciisa mTavari mizezi. roforc

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederacia aRniSnavs:

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53

organizeba da brZola!

2008 wlis globalurma moxsenebam gaerTianebis Tavisufleba praqtikaSi: gamotanili

gakveTilebi, romelic gaxldaT S.s.o-s 1998 wlis deklaraciis Semdgom

ganviTarebuli movlenebis amsaxveli dokumenti ,xazi gausva im garemoebas,rom mTel

rig qveynebSi mSromeli migrantebis ufleba Seqmnan da gawevriandnen profkavSirebSi

samarTleblivad SezRudulia. amasTanave, 2008 wlis moxsenebaSi naTladaa

xazgasmuli,rom bolo aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi, profkavSirebis midgoma sagrZnoblad

Seicvala da gaaqtiurda, brZola migranti mSromelebis uflebebisaTvis da maTi

gawevrianeba profkavSirul organizaciebSi, miuxedavad maTi statusisa,

profkavSirebis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi prioriteti gaxda.es tendenciebi

TvalsaCinoa rogorc evropaSi, aseve afrikaSi, CrdiloeT da samxreT amerikaSi da

aziis kontinentze.

migranti mSromelebis profkavSirebSi gawevrianeba umniSvnelovanesi instrumentia,

romelic maT saSualebas miscemT monawileoba miiRon da isargeblon koleqtiuri

xelSekrulebebis sikeTeebiT. Tanasworobis principebi unda xorcieldebodes

upirveles yovlisa swored profkavSirebSi da migranti mSromelebis

warmomadgenlebi gverdi gverd unda isxdnen sxva mSromelebis warmomadgenlebTan,

rodesac mimdinareobs molaparakeba koleqtiuri xelSekrulebis sakiTxebze. aseT

xelSekrulebebSi unda iyos debulebebi, romlebic krZalavs nebismieri saxis

diskriminacias, kerZod,diskriminacias sqesis,rasobrivi da religiuri kuTvnilebis

safuZvelze, es sakiTxi ki Zalze aqtualuria, gansakuTrebiT migranti

mSromelebisTvis.

marTalia, swored aralegaluri migranti mSromelebi miekuTvnebian maRali riskis

jgufebs, magram zogjer legalurad momuSave migranti mSromelebis adamianis da

SromiTi uflebebic irRveva. is faqti, rom didi raodenobis migrant mSromels ar

eZlevaT ufleba gawevriandnen profkavSirul organizaciebSi, gaxda erovnuli da

saerTaSoriso profkavSiruli moZraobis mobilizaciisa mTavari mizezi. roforc

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederacia aRniSnavs:

52

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119


http://www.ilo.org/bublic/libdoc/ilo/P/2008/09382(2008-97)103.pdfixileT dokumentis 33-e Tavi, faqtebi da cifrebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb.

http://www.ilo.org/bublic/libdoc/ilo/P/2008/09382(2008-97)103.pdfixileT dokumentis 33-e Tavi, faqtebi da cifrebi migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb.

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profkavSiruli moZraobis umniSvnelovanes sazrunavs warmoadgens ibrZolos dauzrunvelyos mSromelebis ufleba Seqmnan da gawevriandnen profkavSirulorganizaciebSi da TavianT damqiraveblebTan awarmoon koleqtiuri molaparakeba.es gaxlavT profkavSiruli moZraobis fundamentaluri uflebebi-profkavSiruliorganizaciebis Seqmna da koleqtiuri molaparakebebis warmarTvis ufleba.

profkavSiruli moZraobis umniSvnelovanes sazrunavs warmoadgens ibrZolos dauzrunvelyos mSromelebis ufleba Seqmnan da gawevriandnen profkavSirulorganizaciebSi da TavianT damqiraveblebTan awarmoon koleqtiuri molaparakeba.es gaxlavT profkavSiruli moZraobis fundamentaluri uflebebi-profkavSiruliorganizaciebis Seqmna da koleqtiuri molaparakebebis warmarTvis ufleba.

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migranti mSromelebis dacva

2000wels niderlandebis profkavSirebis konfederaciam ( Tavis rigebSi daiwyo

araregistrirebuli migranti mSromelebis gawevrianeba. amerikis SeerTebul

StatebSi mimdinareobs molaparakebebi imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom damqiraveblebi

valdebulni iyvnen profkavSirebs acnobon saemigracio samsaxurebis

warmomadgenlebis SesaZlo vizitebis Sesaxeb.

migranti mSromelebisTvis saukeTeso arCevania daniSnulebis qveynis profkavSiruli

organizaciis wevroba. aucilebelia maTTvis xelmisawvdomi iyos sainformacio

biuletinebi da profesiuli literatura maT mSobliur enaze. im qveynebSi, sadac

migranti mSromelebis profkavSirebSi gawevrianeba SezRudulia maspinZeli

yveynebis kanonmdeblobiT, amis gakeTeba xSir SemTxvevaSi Zalian rTulia. aseT

SemTxvevebSi, migranti mSromelebis profkavSiruli organizaciebis Seqmna


erT-erTi SesaZlo varianti migranti mSromelebis organizebisa gaxlavT erovnuli

profkavSiruli centrebis farglebSi sxvadasva seqtorul profkavSirebSi

gawevrianebuli migranti mSromelebis dakavSireba da gaerTianeba. es struqturebi,

erovnuli centrebis daxmarebiT,unda imarTebodes Tavad migranti mSromelebis mier.

zemoTTqmulis pozitiuri magaliTebia indoneziis migrant mSromelTa kavSiri

( samxreT koreis migrantTa profkavSirebi ( romelic koreis

profkavSirTa konfederaciis ( wevri organizaciaa.

indoneziis migrant mSromelTa kavSiri ( Seiqmna hon kongSi(CineTi) 2000 wels

da amJamad masSi gaerTianebulia Sinamosamsaxure 2 500 mSromeli qali. es

organizacia sargeblobs hon kongis profkavSirTa kongresis ( mxardaWeriT.

FNV)

IMWU), MTU),

KSTU)

IMWU)

HKCTU)

migranti mSromelebis profkavSirebi

migranti mSromelebis dacva

2000wels niderlandebis profkavSirebis konfederaciam ( Tavis rigebSi daiwyo

araregistrirebuli migranti mSromelebis gawevrianeba. amerikis SeerTebul

StatebSi mimdinareobs molaparakebebi imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom damqiraveblebi

valdebulni iyvnen profkavSirebs acnobon saemigracio samsaxurebis

warmomadgenlebis SesaZlo vizitebis Sesaxeb.

migranti mSromelebisTvis saukeTeso arCevania daniSnulebis qveynis profkavSiruli

organizaciis wevroba. aucilebelia maTTvis xelmisawvdomi iyos sainformacio

biuletinebi da profesiuli literatura maT mSobliur enaze. im qveynebSi, sadac

migranti mSromelebis profkavSirebSi gawevrianeba SezRudulia maspinZeli

yveynebis kanonmdeblobiT, amis gakeTeba xSir SemTxvevaSi Zalian rTulia. aseT

SemTxvevebSi, migranti mSromelebis profkavSiruli organizaciebis Seqmna


erT-erTi SesaZlo varianti migranti mSromelebis organizebisa gaxlavT erovnuli

profkavSiruli centrebis farglebSi sxvadasva seqtorul profkavSirebSi

gawevrianebuli migranti mSromelebis dakavSireba da gaerTianeba. es struqturebi,

erovnuli centrebis daxmarebiT,unda imarTebodes Tavad migranti mSromelebis mier.

zemoTTqmulis pozitiuri magaliTebia indoneziis migrant mSromelTa kavSiri

( samxreT koreis migrantTa profkavSirebi ( romelic koreis

profkavSirTa konfederaciis ( wevri organizaciaa.

indoneziis migrant mSromelTa kavSiri ( Seiqmna hon kongSi(CineTi) 2000 wels

da amJamad masSi gaerTianebulia Sinamosamsaxure 2 500 mSromeli qali. es

organizacia sargeblobs hon kongis profkavSirTa kongresis ( mxardaWeriT.

FNV)

IMWU), MTU),

KSTU)

IMWU)

HKCTU)

migranti mSromelebis profkavSirebi

kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebi

SesaZlebelia im migranti mSromelebis organizebac ki, romlebic rogorc wesi

izolirebulni arian, eqvemdebarebian ukidures eqspluatacias, magaliTad kerZo

pirebTan ojaxSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebi.

am kategoriis adamianebis organizeba moiTxovs inovaciur strategiebs da midgomebs.

kosta rikis kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebis asociaciam

( romelic 1991 wels Camoyalibda, SeimuSava yovlismomcveli midgoma,

romelic gulisxmobs migranti mSromelebisTvis garkveuli momsaxurebis miwodebas,

magaliTad satelefono cxeli xazi, iuridiuli konsultaciebi da socialuri

mxardaWera, samuSaodan ganTavisuflebuli migranti mSromelebisaTvis droebiTi

TavSesafaris micema, SromiT uflebebze da movaleobebze specialuri treiningebis

Catareba. kosta-rikis mSromelTa asociaciaSi bevri qali migrantia gawevrianebuli

da isini ZiriTadad nikaraguidan, el-salvadoridan, gvatemalidan da hondurasidan

arian. kosta-rikis profkavSirebi moiTxoven, rom maTi qveynis SromiT

kanonmdeblobaSi ufro naTlad iyos asaxuli kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi dasaqmebuli

mSromelebis uflebebi.

ASTRADOMES),

kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebi

SesaZlebelia im migranti mSromelebis organizebac ki, romlebic rogorc wesi

izolirebulni arian, eqvemdebarebian ukidures eqspluatacias, magaliTad kerZo

pirebTan ojaxSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebi.

am kategoriis adamianebis organizeba moiTxovs inovaciur strategiebs da midgomebs.

kosta rikis kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebis asociaciam

( romelic 1991 wels Camoyalibda, SeimuSava yovlismomcveli midgoma,

romelic gulisxmobs migranti mSromelebisTvis garkveuli momsaxurebis miwodebas,

magaliTad satelefono cxeli xazi, iuridiuli konsultaciebi da socialuri

mxardaWera, samuSaodan ganTavisuflebuli migranti mSromelebisaTvis droebiTi

TavSesafaris micema, SromiT uflebebze da movaleobebze specialuri treiningebis

Catareba. kosta-rikis mSromelTa asociaciaSi bevri qali migrantia gawevrianebuli

da isini ZiriTadad nikaraguidan, el-salvadoridan, gvatemalidan da hondurasidan

arian. kosta-rikis profkavSirebi moiTxoven, rom maTi qveynis SromiT

kanonmdeblobaSi ufro naTlad iyos asaxuli kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi dasaqmebuli

mSromelebis uflebebi.

ASTRADOMES),

mSromelebis Seuracyofis faqtebis gamovlena

profkavSiruli organizaciebs, romlebic mTels msoflioSi arian warmodgenilni,

yvelaze kargad SeuZliaT gamoavlinon migranti mSromelebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli

Seuracyofis faqtebi da eqspluatacia. maT amis gamovlena SeuZliaT uSualod

samuSao adgilebze da am mizniT agreTve gamoiyenon S.s.o-s sazedamxedvelo

procedurebi da S.s.o-s standartebis darRvevebis Sesaxeb moxsenebis meqanizmebi.

unda moxdes profkavSiris wevrebis waxaliseba, rom maT Sesabamisi reagireba

moaxdinon im SemTxvevebzec ki, rodesac arsebobs safuZvliani eWvi, rom irRveva

migranti mSromelebis uflebebi. es Tema sasurvelia iyos saganmanaTleblo

treiningebis da sxva RonisZiebebis dRis wesrigSi.

mSromelebis Seuracyofis faqtebis gamovlena

profkavSiruli organizaciebs, romlebic mTels msoflioSi arian warmodgenilni,

yvelaze kargad SeuZliaT gamoavlinon migranti mSromelebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli

Seuracyofis faqtebi da eqspluatacia. maT amis gamovlena SeuZliaT uSualod

samuSao adgilebze da am mizniT agreTve gamoiyenon S.s.o-s sazedamxedvelo

procedurebi da S.s.o-s standartebis darRvevebis Sesaxeb moxsenebis meqanizmebi.

unda moxdes profkavSiris wevrebis waxaliseba, rom maT Sesabamisi reagireba

moaxdinon im SemTxvevebzec ki, rodesac arsebobs safuZvliani eWvi, rom irRveva

migranti mSromelebis uflebebi. es Tema sasurvelia iyos saganmanaTleblo

treiningebis da sxva RonisZiebebis dRis wesrigSi.

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daskvna

profkavSirebma,kompaniuri da organizaciuli saqmianobebis wyalobiT,mniSvnelovan

warmatebas miaRwies migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis TvalsazrisiT da

yvelaferi es xdeboda da xdeba rogorc globalur, aseve erovnul da adgilobriv

doneebze,rogorc daniSnulebis,aseve warmoSobis qveynebSi.

profkavSiris wevrebi im kategoriis adamianebs miekuTvnebian,romlebic advilad ar

nebdebian. samwuxarod, dResac milionobiT mSromeli upatiosno damqiravebelis

mxridan eqspluatacias ganicdis. profkavSirebi ver iqnebian kmayofilni manam, sanam

yvela mSromeli ar iqneba daculi diskriminaciisa da eqspluataciisagan da amis

saukeTeso saSualeba profkavSirebSi gawevrianebaa.

profkavSirebma unda gaaormagon sakuTari Zalisxmeva da maTma aqtivobam im

kritikul masas unda miaRwios, romelic saSualebas miscemT maT daicvan migranti

mSromelebis uflebebi,upirveles yovlisa,Rirseuli samuSaos qonis ufleba.

daskvna

profkavSirebma,kompaniuri da organizaciuli saqmianobebis wyalobiT,mniSvnelovan

warmatebas miaRwies migranti mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis TvalsazrisiT da

yvelaferi es xdeboda da xdeba rogorc globalur, aseve erovnul da adgilobriv

doneebze,rogorc daniSnulebis,aseve warmoSobis qveynebSi.

profkavSiris wevrebi im kategoriis adamianebs miekuTvnebian,romlebic advilad ar

nebdebian. samwuxarod, dResac milionobiT mSromeli upatiosno damqiravebelis

mxridan eqspluatacias ganicdis. profkavSirebi ver iqnebian kmayofilni manam, sanam

yvela mSromeli ar iqneba daculi diskriminaciisa da eqspluataciisagan da amis

saukeTeso saSualeba profkavSirebSi gawevrianebaa.

profkavSirebma unda gaaormagon sakuTari Zalisxmeva da maTma aqtivobam im

kritikul masas unda miaRwios, romelic saSualebas miscemT maT daicvan migranti

mSromelebis uflebebi,upirveles yovlisa,Rirseuli samuSaos qonis ufleba.


�

�

�

raSi mdgomareobs Tqveni profkavSiris oficialuri politika migranti

mSromelebis sakiTxebze-sWireba mas gadaxedva da ganaxleba?

Tu es politika saWiroebs gadaxedvas, SegiZliaT daiwyoT fiqri am politikis

axal proeqtze da ifiqreT, rogor SeiZleba es dokumenti warudginoT Tqveni

profkavSiruli organizaciis Tavyrilobas.

Tqveni profkavSirebis wesdebaSi aris Tu ara raime diskriminaciuli debuleba an

debulebebi migrant mSromelebTan dakavSirebiT? SeuZliaT maT gawevriandnen

Tqvens organizaciaSi da daikavon raime Tanamdeoba, rogorc nebismierma

adgilobrivma mSromelma?


�

�

�

raSi mdgomareobs Tqveni profkavSiris oficialuri politika migranti

mSromelebis sakiTxebze-sWireba mas gadaxedva da ganaxleba?

Tu es politika saWiroebs gadaxedvas, SegiZliaT daiwyoT fiqri am politikis

axal proeqtze da ifiqreT, rogor SeiZleba es dokumenti warudginoT Tqveni

profkavSiruli organizaciis Tavyrilobas.

Tqveni profkavSirebis wesdebaSi aris Tu ara raime diskriminaciuli debuleba an

debulebebi migrant mSromelebTan dakavSirebiT? SeuZliaT maT gawevriandnen

Tqvens organizaciaSi da daikavon raime Tanamdeoba, rogorc nebismierma

adgilobrivma mSromelma?

123



SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: migranti mSromelebis sagzao ruka

mizani: Seiqmnas imis naTeli warmodgena,Tu ZiriTadad romel geografiul adgilebSi

da seqtorebSi muSaoben migranti mSromelebi.

amocana: 1. SearCieT samuSao adgili an Temi.

2. gamoiyeneT didi formatis qaRaldi da feradi fanqrebi da daxateT migranti

mSromelebis samuSao adgili. aCveneT,sad ra sxvadasxva qmedebebi mimdinareobs-

magaliTad,fexsacmlebis gayidva,sakvebi produqtebis gayidva.

3. gamoavlineT migranti mSromelebis koncentrirebis adgilebi. sad aris maTi

araformalur garemoSi (maTTvis mosaxerxebeli adgili) Sexvedris adgili da

ra dros xvdebian erTmaneTs. feradi fanqrebis saSualebiT yvela es informacia

daitaneT rukaze.

4. bolos, gadawyviteT,migranti mSromelebis romel jgufTan unda daiwyos pirvelad

organizaciuli muSaoba (e.w. organaizingi)

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amocana: (sasurvelia es savarjiSo Catardes jgufebSi an wyvilebSi)

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SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: vis sWirdeba organaizingi? ratom?

mizani: ifiqroT imis Sesaxeb, ra katagoriis migrant mSromelebTan unda daiwyoT organizaciuli

muSaoba (organaizingi).

1. imsjeleT im migrant mSromelebze,romelTanac Tqven apirebT organizaciul muSaobas

(organaizings).

2. didi formatis furcelze daxateT,rogor gesaxebaT Tqven,rogor

“gamoiyurebian” migranti mSromelebi.

3. rukaze daitaneT zogierTi komentari/ideebi(warmoadgineT grafikulad!) Semdeg

sakiTxebze:

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

vin SeiZleba iyos Tqveni mSromeli(mamakaci/qali da a.S)

ra problemebi aqvT maT.

ra unar-Cvevebi gaaCniaT maT.

ra mosazrebebi gaaCniaT maT am problemebTan dakavSirebiT (magaliTad,

diskriminacia,cudi samuSao pirobebi,socialuri usafrTxoebis ararseboba).

ra sirTuleebi SeiZleba Seiqmnas maTi organaizingis dros(ra sirTuleebs gadayrian

warsulSi).

arsebuli procedurebis da praqtikis pirobebSi, ramdenad garTuldeba

organaizingis Catareba(magaliTad,mSromeli qalebi,romelTac SesaZloa miaCndeT,

rom maT profkavSiris organaizeri mamakacebi emuqrebian).

ra donis ganaTleba gaaCniaT maT,maT Soris wera-kiTxvis unari.

arian Tu ara maT Soris potenciuri liderebi.

ra SegrZnebebi SeiZleba maT hqondeT imasTan dakavSirebiT,rom isini ucxoelebi arian.

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amocana:

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SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: organaizingis gzaze arsebuli winaaRmdegobebi

mizani: ifiqreT migranti mSromelebis organaizingis gzaze arsebul dabrkolebebze.

1. qvemoT moyvanilia organaizingis gzaze arsebuli ramdenime dabrkoleba

(dafuZnebulia britaneTis profkavSirTa kongresis( ) dokumentze).TUC54

2. sxva romeli dabrkolebebis identifikacia SegiZliaT da ra unda gaakeTon

profkavSirulma organizaciebma migranti mSromelebis profkavSirebSi

gawevrianebis gzaze arsebuli problemebis gadasaWrelad?

1. xSirad, migranti mSromelebi dasaqmebulni arian im sferoebSi, romlebSic

profkavSiruli organizaciebi yvelaze sustad arian warmodgenilni; mag. soflis

meurneoba,sastumro da turistuli biznesi.

2. mSromelebs ar gaaCniaT oficialuri statusi(araregistrirebeli mSromelebi) an maTi

SromiTi statusi bundovania(mag. dasaqmebuli studentebi) da am mSromelebs

yuradRebis mi pyrobis Tavidan acilebis mizniT,ar surT gawevriandnen profkavSirul

organizaciebSi.

3. enobrivi barieri migrant mSromelebTan komunikaciis mniSvnelovani dabrkolebaa.

gaerTianebuli samefos profkavSirebis kongresi;gaerTianebuli samefos profkavSirebis kongresi;54

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SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: migranti mSromelebis organaizingi.

mizani: ifiqreT im problemebis Sesaxeb,romlebic migranti mSromelebis organizaciul

struqturad Camoyalibebisas gvxdeba.

amocana: es gaxlavT roluri TamaSis savarjiSo

1. zogierTi TqvenTagani gaiTamaSebs profkavSiruli aqtivistis(organaizeris) rols.

Tqven unda ecadoT daarwmunoT migranti mSromelebi gawevriandnen profkavSirul

organizaciebSi.

2. zogierTi TqvenTagani gaiTamaSebs migranti mSromelebis rols. davuSvaT, Tqven

warmodgena ara gaqvT vin arian es aqtivistebi da raze saubroben isini. Tqveni

sazrunavia cotaodeni fuli gamoimuSavoT da saxlSi waiRoT. Tqven ra Tqma unda,

ar gixdian im raodenobiT anazRaurebas,rasac gpirdeboda is piri,romelsac Tqven

fuli gadauxadeT, rom mas Tqven am qveyanaSi SemoeyvaneT. am qveyanaSi TqvenTvis ucnauri

kerZebia da xSirad adgilobrivebi Seuracmyofelad geqcevian. Tqvenma damqiravebelma

giTxraT, rom cudi pirovnebebi cdiloben Tqven gaerTianebas romeliRac organizaciaSi.

Tqven eWviT uyurebT ucxo adamianebis rCevebs da agitacias. Tu Tqven maT daujerebT,

policia mova da moaxdens Tqvens deportacias.

me

-6

Ta

vi

amocana:

128


SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: xarT Tu ara migranti mSromelebisadmi keTilganyobilni?

mizani: organizaciuli aqtivobebi

1. ganixileT Tqveni profkavSirebis da Tqveni filiali organizaciebis aqtivobebi/

wesdeba/sakanonmdeblo regulaciebi.

2. ramdenad martivia mSromeli migrantebisTvis profkavSirebSi gawevrianeba?

ra dabrkolebebia am gzaze?

3. rogor unda gaxadoT Tqveni profkavSirebi sasargeblo migranti mSromelebisTvis?

4. SeiZleba Tu ara SeveguoT iseTi kanonebis arsebobas, romelic krZalavs migranti

mSromelebis profkavSirebSi wevrobas?

5.ufro konkretulad, unda xdebodes Tu ara aralegalurad momuSave migranti

mSromelebis gawevrianeba profkavSirebSi?

6.unda Seicvalos Tu ara Cveni profkavSiruli organizaciebis wesdebebi?

ramdenad martivi iqneba am cvlilebebis Setana?

129


SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: saukeTeso adgili migranti mSromelebisTvis?

mizani: ifiqroT migranti mSromelebis organizebis sxvadasxva gzebze.

amocana: (Tqven daiyofiT or jgufad)

1. erTi jgufi ifiqrebs im argumentebze, romelic upiratesobas mianiWebs migranti

mSromelebis organizebas calke organizaciaSi.

2. meore jgufi ifiqrebs im argumentebze, romelic upiratesobas aniWebs migranti

mSromelebis gawevrianebas ukve arsebul profkavSirul organizaciebSi.

3. Tqven mogecemaT dro mosamzadeblad da Semdgom gaimarTeba debatebi am or

midgomasTan dakavSirebiT.

me

-6

Ta

vi

130


SemecnebiTi savarjiSo: profkavSirebis strategiis ganviTareba

mas Semdeg rac detalurad gaecaniT am saxelmZRvanelos,Tqven gWirdebaT daiwyoT fiqri

momavlis gegmebze da ganixiloT yvela Tqveni idea da winadadeba.

SeimuSaveT samoqmedo gegma am formatis gamoyenebiT:

migranti mSromelebis samoqmedo gegma:

ris gakeTebas vapirebT?

ra iqneba pirveli nabijebi?

rogor iqneba droSi

gawerili?

vin ras gaakeTebs?

ra resursebi da daxmareba

dasWirdebaT maT?

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

mTlianobaSi, rogor mdgomareobaSi arian migranti mSromelebi Tqvens qveyanaSi?

SeimuSaveT moqmedebis manifesti da gansazRvreT aucilebeli sakanonmdeblo

cvlilebebi. ar unda dagvaviwydes,rom migranti mSromelebis umravlesoba SesaZloa

qalebi iyvnen.

migrantebis aqtiuri CarTuloba im sakiTxebze ganxilvisas da gadawyvetilebis

miRebisas, romelic uSualod maT exebaT-rogor unda gakeTdes es?

rogori sakoordinacio struqturebi unda Camoyalibdes Tqveni qveynis

profkavSirsa da ucxo qveynebis profkavSirebs Soris?

rogor apirebT migranti mSromelebis organizebas?

ifiqreT migranti mSromelebis kategoriaze, romelTac Tqven apirebT daexmaroT

organizebaSi.

ifiqreT,rogor imuSaoT am jgufTan-aqvT maT araformaluri struqturebi da hyavT

liderebi?

romeli struqtura iqneba maTTvis saukeTeso? imsjeleT,ra ti pis organizacia iqneba

maTTvis saukeTeso da ra nabijebia gadasadgmeli am ti pis organizaciis

Camosayalibeblad.

am leqsikonSi moyvanilia im terminebis ganmarteba, romlebic gamoyenebulia am

saxelmZRvaneloSi, saerTaSoriso samarTalSi da SromiTi migraciis Sesaxeb sxva

teqstebSi.

ZiriTadad es ganmartebebi aRebulia Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis (S.s.o)

ganmartebebis leqsikonidan,romelic xelmisawvdomia Semdeg misamarTze:

zogierTi ganmarteba aRebulia migraciis saerTaSoriso organizaciis ganmartebiTi

leqsikonidan,romelic xelmisawvdomia Semdeg misamarTze:

sxva ganmartebebi agreTve SesaZloa moZiebul iqnes s ganmartebiT

leqsikonSi da is xelmisawvdomia Semdeg misamarTze:

TavSesafris maZiebeli

gaero-s ganmartebiT,es gaxlavT nebismieri piri,romelic acxadebs,rom is gaxlavT

ltolvili da elodeba Tavisi statusis dadgenas”. es termini ubralod asaxavs

faqts, rom es adamiani acxadebs, rom is aris ltolvili. zogierTi TavSesafaris

maZiebeli miiRebs ltolvilis statuss,zogierTi ara.

ixileT agreTve: ltolvili

tvinebis gadineba

danakargi, romelsac qveyana ganicdis maRalkvalificiuri personalis emigraciis

Sedegad

iZulebiTi emigracia

moicavs ara marto ltolvilebs da TavSesafaris maZieblebs,aramed im adamianebsac,

romlebic iZulebuli gaxdnen daetovebinaT qveyana gareSe faqtorebis gamo,

rogorebicaa bunebrivi katastrofebi an developeruli proeqtebi.

mwvane baraTi (grin qardi)

mwvane baraTi saSualebas aZlevs emigrants mudmivad icxovros amerikis SeerTebul

StatebSi. arsebobs mwvane baraTis ramdenime saxeoba. is ZiriTad eZleva im pirebs,

romelTac afinansebs maTi kompaniebi,adamianebs romlebsac naTesavebi hyavT a.S.S-Si

an eZieben TavSesafars.

viza

amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis programa saSualebas aZlevs damqiravebels

droebiT samuSaoze aiyvanos ucxo qveynis moqalaqe ara-emigraciul safuZvelze.

adamianebiT trefikingi

ixileT: pirovnebebiT trefikingi

ukanono migranti

es azrs moklebuli terminia da yovelTvis unda moveridoT mis gamoyenebas.

pirovneba ar SeiZleba iyos ukanono!! (ixileT gv44)

aramarTlzomieri migracia

adamianis mier sazRvris gadasvla aramarTlzomieri an ukanono gzebiT- Sesabamisi

dokumentebis arqonis an yalbi dokumentebis warmodgenis an vizis amowurvis Semdeg

qveyanaSi darCena.

migranti

gaero-s mosaxleobis samsaxuri migrantad miiCnevs pirs, romelic imyofeba Tavisi

dabadebis an moqalaqeobis qveynis farglebs gareT. arsebobs migraciis

gansxvavebuli ganmartebebi: nebismieri adamiani, romelic droebiT an mudmivad

cxovrobs im qveyanaSi, sadac is ar dabadebula da nebismieri piri,romelic Sedis

qveyanaSi, romelic ar gaxlavT is saxelmwifo romlis moqalaqec is gaxlavT sul

mcire 12 Tvis ganmavlobaSi

http://www.iom.org/public/libdoc/ILO-Thesaurus/english/index.htm

htt://www.iom.int/jahia/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/shared/mainsite/published_docs/serial-publications/Glossary_eng.pdf

UNESCO-

http://www.unesco.org/shs/migration/glossary

H-1B

“

“” “

”.

H-1B

am leqsikonSi moyvanilia im terminebis ganmarteba, romlebic gamoyenebulia am

saxelmZRvaneloSi, saerTaSoriso samarTalSi da SromiTi migraciis Sesaxeb sxva

teqstebSi.

ZiriTadad es ganmartebebi aRebulia Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis (S.s.o)

ganmartebebis leqsikonidan,romelic xelmisawvdomia Semdeg misamarTze:

zogierTi ganmarteba aRebulia migraciis saerTaSoriso organizaciis ganmartebiTi

leqsikonidan,romelic xelmisawvdomia Semdeg misamarTze:

sxva ganmartebebi agreTve SesaZloa moZiebul iqnes s ganmartebiT

leqsikonSi da is xelmisawvdomia Semdeg misamarTze:

TavSesafris maZiebeli

gaero-s ganmartebiT,es gaxlavT nebismieri piri,romelic acxadebs,rom is gaxlavT

ltolvili da elodeba Tavisi statusis dadgenas”. es termini ubralod asaxavs

faqts, rom es adamiani acxadebs, rom is aris ltolvili. zogierTi TavSesafaris

maZiebeli miiRebs ltolvilis statuss,zogierTi ara.

ixileT agreTve: ltolvili

tvinebis gadineba

danakargi, romelsac qveyana ganicdis maRalkvalificiuri personalis emigraciis

Sedegad

iZulebiTi emigracia

moicavs ara marto ltolvilebs da TavSesafaris maZieblebs,aramed im adamianebsac,

romlebic iZulebuli gaxdnen daetovebinaT qveyana gareSe faqtorebis gamo,

rogorebicaa bunebrivi katastrofebi an developeruli proeqtebi.

mwvane baraTi (grin qardi)

mwvane baraTi saSualebas aZlevs emigrants mudmivad icxovros amerikis SeerTebul

StatebSi. arsebobs mwvane baraTis ramdenime saxeoba. is ZiriTad eZleva im pirebs,

romelTac afinansebs maTi kompaniebi,adamianebs romlebsac naTesavebi hyavT a.S.S-Si

an eZieben TavSesafars.

viza

amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis programa saSualebas aZlevs damqiravebels

droebiT samuSaoze aiyvanos ucxo qveynis moqalaqe ara-emigraciul safuZvelze.


ixileT: pirovnebebiT trefikingi

ukanono migranti

es azrs moklebuli terminia da yovelTvis unda moveridoT mis gamoyenebas.

pirovneba ar SeiZleba iyos ukanono!! (ixileT gv44)

aramarTlzomieri migracia

adamianis mier sazRvris gadasvla aramarTlzomieri an ukanono gzebiT- Sesabamisi

dokumentebis arqonis an yalbi dokumentebis warmodgenis an vizis amowurvis Semdeg

qveyanaSi darCena.

migranti

gaero-s mosaxleobis samsaxuri migrantad miiCnevs pirs, romelic imyofeba Tavisi

dabadebis an moqalaqeobis qveynis farglebs gareT. arsebobs migraciis

gansxvavebuli ganmartebebi: nebismieri adamiani, romelic droebiT an mudmivad

cxovrobs im qveyanaSi, sadac is ar dabadebula da nebismieri piri,romelic Sedis

qveyanaSi, romelic ar gaxlavT is saxelmwifo romlis moqalaqec is gaxlavT sul

mcire 12 Tvis ganmavlobaSi

http://www.iom.org/public/libdoc/ILO-Thesaurus/english/index.htm

htt://www.iom.int/jahia/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/shared/mainsite/published_docs/serial-publications/Glossary_eng.pdf

UNESCO-

http://www.unesco.org/shs/migration/glossary

H-1B

“

“” “

”.

H-1B

131

migraciis leqsikoni

132

migraciis leqsikoni

migranti mSromeli

Sso-s #97-e konvenciis me-11 muxlis Tanaxmad, nebismieri pirovneba romelic erTi

qveynidan meore qveyanaSi emigrirebs dasaqmebis mizniT

ltolvili

nebismieri piri, romelic rasis, sarwmunoebis, moqalaqeobis, garkveuli socialuri

jgufis wevrobis an politikuri mrwamsis niSniT devnis kargad dasabuTebuli

saSiSiroebis gamo imyofeba Tavisi moqalaqeobis qveynis gareT da ar SeuZlia

isargeblos Sesabamisi mfarvelobiT am sasiSroebis gamo,anda ar gaaCnia garkveuli

moqalaqeoba da msgavsi movlenebis Sedegad imyofeba Tavisi qveynis gareT,ris gamoc

ar SeuZlia an ar surs dabrundes iq amgvari saSiSroebis gamo.

sakuTari qveynis farglebs SigniT gadaadgilebul pirebs iZulebiT gadaadgilebul

pirebad moixsenieben.

fuladi gzavnilebi

Sida migrantebis, migranti mSromelebis an eqspatriati mSromelebis mier sakuTari

warmoSobis qveyanaSi an regionSi gamomuSavebuli fuladi Tanxis gagzavna.

gadaadgilebuli mosaxleoba

im raodenobiT mosaxleobis gadaadgileba, romelic aucilebelia saerTo

mosaxleobis klebis tendenciebis, muSaobis asakis mosaxleobis deficitis da

mosaxleobis daberebis tendenciebis dasabalanseblad.

dabrunebiTi migracia

sxva qveyanaSi sul mcire erTi wliT yofnis Semdeg, piris dabruneba warmoSobis

qveyanaSi. es dabruneba SeiZleba iyos nebayoflobiTi da SeiZleba iyos qveynidan

gamoZevebis Sedegi. am kategorias ganekuTvneba agreTve nebayoflobiTi repatriacia.

migrantebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvana

gaero-s ganmartebiT, es gaxlavT ekonomikuri an sxva saxis sargebelis miRebis

mizniT piris ukanono Seyvana im saxelmwifos teritoriaze, romlis moqalaqe an

mudmivad macxovrebeli es piri ar gaxlavT

es gansxvavdeba adamianebiT trefikingis cnebisgan, radgan am SemTxvevaSi saxezea

migrantis Tanxmoba da maT Soris urTierToba mTavrdeba mas Semdeg, rac migranti

SeaRwevs daniSnulebis qveyanaSi.


daSinebis saSualebebi an iZulebis gamoyeneba an motyuebis sxva forma, motaceba,

gayalbeba, motyueba, uflebamosilebis arasworad gamoyeneba an gadasaxadis an sxva

sargeblis aReb-micema sxva pirze kontrolis mopovebisTvis misi eqspluataciis

mizniT.

es gaxlavT gaero-s ganmarteba,romelsac S.s.o iyenebs.

gaeros 1951 wlis konvencia ltolvilebis statusTan dakavSirebiT.

es gaxlavT mniSvnelovani saerTaSoriso samarTleblivi dokumenti,romelsac xeli

moawera 145 saxelmwifom. es dokumenti gansazRvravs Tu vin aris ltolvili,

saxelmwifoebis uflebebs da valdebulebebs maTTan mimarTebaSi. dokumenti

miRebul iqna gaero-s specialur konferenciaze. dokumentis debulebebis Tanaxmad,

ar SeiZleba ltolvilis iZulebiT dabruneba im qveyanaSi,sadac mas devnis safrTxe

emuqreba.

“”.

“

”.

migranti mSromeli

Sso-s #97-e konvenciis me-11 muxlis Tanaxmad, nebismieri pirovneba romelic erTi

qveynidan meore qveyanaSi emigrirebs dasaqmebis mizniT

ltolvili

nebismieri piri, romelic rasis, sarwmunoebis, moqalaqeobis, garkveuli socialuri

jgufis wevrobis an politikuri mrwamsis niSniT devnis kargad dasabuTebuli

saSiSiroebis gamo imyofeba Tavisi moqalaqeobis qveynis gareT da ar SeuZlia

isargeblos Sesabamisi mfarvelobiT am sasiSroebis gamo,anda ar gaaCnia garkveuli

moqalaqeoba da msgavsi movlenebis Sedegad imyofeba Tavisi qveynis gareT,ris gamoc

ar SeuZlia an ar surs dabrundes iq amgvari saSiSroebis gamo.

sakuTari qveynis farglebs SigniT gadaadgilebul pirebs iZulebiT gadaadgilebul

pirebad moixsenieben.

fuladi gzavnilebi

Sida migrantebis, migranti mSromelebis an eqspatriati mSromelebis mier sakuTari

warmoSobis qveyanaSi an regionSi gamomuSavebuli fuladi Tanxis gagzavna.

gadaadgilebuli mosaxleoba

im raodenobiT mosaxleobis gadaadgileba, romelic aucilebelia saerTo

mosaxleobis klebis tendenciebis, muSaobis asakis mosaxleobis deficitis da

mosaxleobis daberebis tendenciebis dasabalanseblad.

dabrunebiTi migracia

sxva qveyanaSi sul mcire erTi wliT yofnis Semdeg, piris dabruneba warmoSobis

qveyanaSi. es dabruneba SeiZleba iyos nebayoflobiTi da SeiZleba iyos qveynidan

gamoZevebis Sedegi. am kategorias ganekuTvneba agreTve nebayoflobiTi repatriacia.

migrantebis kontrabanduli gziT gadayvana

gaero-s ganmartebiT, es gaxlavT ekonomikuri an sxva saxis sargebelis miRebis

mizniT piris ukanono Seyvana im saxelmwifos teritoriaze, romlis moqalaqe an

mudmivad macxovrebeli es piri ar gaxlavT

es gansxvavdeba adamianebiT trefikingis cnebisgan, radgan am SemTxvevaSi saxezea

migrantis Tanxmoba da maT Soris urTierToba mTavrdeba mas Semdeg, rac migranti

SeaRwevs daniSnulebis qveyanaSi.


daSinebis saSualebebi an iZulebis gamoyeneba an motyuebis sxva forma, motaceba,

gayalbeba, motyueba, uflebamosilebis arasworad gamoyeneba an gadasaxadis an sxva

sargeblis aReb-micema sxva pirze kontrolis mopovebisTvis misi eqspluataciis

mizniT.

es gaxlavT gaero-s ganmarteba,romelsac S.s.o iyenebs.

gaeros 1951 wlis konvencia ltolvilebis statusTan dakavSirebiT.

es gaxlavT mniSvnelovani saerTaSoriso samarTleblivi dokumenti,romelsac xeli

moawera 145 saxelmwifom. es dokumenti gansazRvravs Tu vin aris ltolvili,

saxelmwifoebis uflebebs da valdebulebebs maTTan mimarTebaSi. dokumenti

miRebul iqna gaero-s specialur konferenciaze. dokumentis debulebebis Tanaxmad,

ar SeiZleba ltolvilis iZulebiT dabruneba im qveyanaSi,sadac mas devnis safrTxe

emuqreba.

“”.

“

”.

S.s.o-s publikaciebi

veb-resursebi

S.s.o-s veb gverdi migraciis sakiTxebze:

S.s.o-s eqspertTa komitetis daskvnebi konvenciis debulebebis da rekomendaciebis

SesrulebasTan dakavSirebiT,1999. daskvnebi ixileT Semdeg misamarTze:

es publikacia gamoSvebulia S.s.o-s

mSromelTa aqtivobebis biuros mier.

S.s.o-s mravalmxrivi CarCo midgoma SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebze. Jeneva, 2005. am

naSromis CamotvirTva SeiZleba Semdegi misamarTidan:

S.s.o. adamianebiT trefikingi: problemis daZlevis axleburi midgomebi,Jeneva,2003

SromiTi migraciis politika da menejmenti: treining modulebi,S.s.o bankoki,2005.

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis SromiTi migraciis programis farglebSi

gamovida ramdenime naSromi,romelic miznad isaxavs mkiTxvelma ufro naTlad gaigos

da gaacnobieros saerTaSoriso migraciis sferoSi arsebuli problemebi da

gamowvevebi. ixileT veb-gverdi:

gaero-s sistema

gaero,ekonomikuri da socialuri sakiTxebis departamentis mier Catarebuli kvleva,

2004w. msoflio ekonomikis tendenciebi da politika,niu-orki.


2004w. (me-2 nawili),saerTaSoriso migracia,niu-orki

gaero-s adamianis uflebebis umaRlesi komisari pasuxismgebelia yvela migranti

mSromelis da maTi ojaxebis uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb konvenciis ganxorcielebis

zedamxedvelobaze. am konvenciasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis moZieba SeiZleba

Semdeg misamarTze:

iunesko-s saerTaSoriso migraciis da mravalkulturuli politika

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/migrant/index.htm

Stalker, P. ILO, 1994

2000.

http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/english/surveyq.htm

ILO: Labour education 2002/4 #129.

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/migrant/areas/multilateral.htm

Vol.145, #1-2, 2006, special issue on Migration.

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/migrant/info/publ.htm

htpp://www.un.org/esa/policy/wess/wess2004files/part1web.pdf

htpp://www.un.org/esa/policy/wess/wess2004files/part2web/preface.pdf

htpp://www.unhcr.ch/html/menu3/b/m_mwctoc.htm

htpp://portal.unesco.org/shs/en/ev.php-URL_ID=1211&URL_DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html

The work of Strangers: A survey of International labour migration,

Workers without frontiers: The impact of globalization on international migration.

Migrant workers,

International Labour Review,

S.s.o-s publikaciebi

veb-resursebi

S.s.o-s veb gverdi migraciis sakiTxebze:

S.s.o-s eqspertTa komitetis daskvnebi konvenciis debulebebis da rekomendaciebis

SesrulebasTan dakavSirebiT,1999. daskvnebi ixileT Semdeg misamarTze:

es publikacia gamoSvebulia S.s.o-s

mSromelTa aqtivobebis biuros mier.

S.s.o-s mravalmxrivi CarCo midgoma SromiTi migraciis sakiTxebze. Jeneva, 2005. am

naSromis CamotvirTva SeiZleba Semdegi misamarTidan:

S.s.o. adamianebiT trefikingi: problemis daZlevis axleburi midgomebi,Jeneva,2003

SromiTi migraciis politika da menejmenti: treining modulebi,S.s.o bankoki,2005.

Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis SromiTi migraciis programis farglebSi

gamovida ramdenime naSromi,romelic miznad isaxavs mkiTxvelma ufro naTlad gaigos

da gaacnobieros saerTaSoriso migraciis sferoSi arsebuli problemebi da

gamowvevebi. ixileT veb-gverdi:

gaero-s sistema


2004w. msoflio ekonomikis tendenciebi da politika,niu-orki.


2004w. (me-2 nawili),saerTaSoriso migracia,niu-orki

gaero-s adamianis uflebebis umaRlesi komisari pasuxismgebelia yvela migranti

mSromelis da maTi ojaxebis uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb konvenciis ganxorcielebis

zedamxedvelobaze. am konvenciasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis moZieba SeiZleba

Semdeg misamarTze:

iunesko-s saerTaSoriso migraciis da mravalkulturuli politika

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/migrant/index.htm

Stalker, P. ILO, 1994

2000.

http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/english/surveyq.htm

ILO: Labour education 2002/4 #129.

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/migrant/areas/multilateral.htm

Vol.145, #1-2, 2006, special issue on Migration.

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/migrant/info/publ.htm

htpp://www.un.org/esa/policy/wess/wess2004files/part1web.pdf

htpp://www.un.org/esa/policy/wess/wess2004files/part2web/preface.pdf

htpp://www.unhcr.ch/html/menu3/b/m_mwctoc.htm

htpp://portal.unesco.org/shs/en/ev.php-URL_ID=1211&URL_DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html

The work of Strangers: A survey of International labour migration,

Workers without frontiers: The impact of globalization on international migration.

Migrant workers,

International Labour Review,

133

migranti mSromelebisSesaxeb SemoTavazebul

literatura da veb-gverdebi

134

migranti mSromelebisSesaxeb SemoTavazebul literatura da veb-gverdebi

profkavSirebis veb-gverdebi

evropis profkavSirebis konfederacias( Tavis veb-gverdze ganTavsebulia aqvs

ramdenime dokumenti:

s politika:

kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi momuSave migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb informacia ixileT:

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederacia: moicavs s

regionalur organizaciebsac)

globaluri profkavSirebi

mSeneblebis da xeze momuSave mSromelebis internacionali(

ganaTlebis muSakTa internacionali(

qimiuri, energo, wiaRiseulis mompovebeli da zogadi profilis mSromelTa

profkavSiri (

JurnalistTa saerTaSoriso federacia(

metalurgTa saerTaSoriso federacia(

transportis mSromelTa saerTaSoriso federacia(

teqstiluri warmoebis,tansacmlis da tyavze momuSave mSromelTa federacia

kvebiTi mrewvelobis, soflis meurneobis, sastumros, restornebis, momsaxurebis,

Tambaqos warmoebis da sxva momijnave sferoebSi momuSave mSromelebis

saerTaSoriso profkavSiri (

sajaro mosamsaxureebis internacionali (

profkavSirebis qseluri internacionali (

xelovanTa da garTobis sferoSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebis aliansi (

is organizaciasTan arsebuli profkavSirebis mrCevelTa komiteti (

ETUC)

htpp://www.etuc.org

ETUC- htpp://www.etuc.orga/a/1159

htpp://www.etuc.org/a/2041

htpp://www.etuc-csi-org ( ITUC-

htpp://www.global-unions.org

BWI)

htpp://www.bwint.org

EI) htpp://www.ei-ei.org

ICEM) htpp://www..icem.org

IFJ) htpp://www.itf.org

IMF) htpp://www.IMFMETAL.ORG

ITF) htpp://www.itf.org.uk

htpp://www.itglwf.org

IUF) htpp://www.iuf.org

PSI) htpp://www.world-psi.org

UNI) htpp://www.union-network.org

IAEA)

htpp://www.fia-actors.com htpp://www.fim-musicians.com

TUAC)

htpp://www.tuac.org

OECD-

profkavSirebis veb-gverdebi

evropis profkavSirebis konfederacias( Tavis veb-gverdze ganTavsebulia aqvs

ramdenime dokumenti:

s politika:

kerZo pirebTan ojaxebSi momuSave migranti mSromelebis Sesaxeb informacia ixileT:

profkavSirebis saerTaSoriso konfederacia: moicavs s

regionalur organizaciebsac)

globaluri profkavSirebi

mSeneblebis da xeze momuSave mSromelebis internacionali(

ganaTlebis muSakTa internacionali(

qimiuri, energo, wiaRiseulis mompovebeli da zogadi profilis mSromelTa

profkavSiri (

JurnalistTa saerTaSoriso federacia(

metalurgTa saerTaSoriso federacia(

transportis mSromelTa saerTaSoriso federacia(

teqstiluri warmoebis,tansacmlis da tyavze momuSave mSromelTa federacia

kvebiTi mrewvelobis, soflis meurneobis, sastumros, restornebis, momsaxurebis,

Tambaqos warmoebis da sxva momijnave sferoebSi momuSave mSromelebis

saerTaSoriso profkavSiri (

sajaro mosamsaxureebis internacionali (

profkavSirebis qseluri internacionali (

xelovanTa da garTobis sferoSi dasaqmebuli mSromelebis aliansi (

is organizaciasTan arsebuli profkavSirebis mrCevelTa komiteti (

ETUC)

htpp://www.etuc.org

ETUC- htpp://www.etuc.orga/a/1159

htpp://www.etuc.org/a/2041

htpp://www.etuc-csi-org ( ITUC-

htpp://www.global-unions.org

BWI)

htpp://www.bwint.org

EI) htpp://www.ei-ei.org

ICEM) htpp://www..icem.org

IFJ) htpp://www.itf.org

IMF) htpp://www.IMFMETAL.ORG

ITF) htpp://www.itf.org.uk

htpp://www.itglwf.org

IUF) htpp://www.iuf.org

PSI) htpp://www.world-psi.org

UNI) htpp://www.union-network.org

IAEA)

htpp://www.fia-actors.com htpp://www.fim-musicians.com

TUAC)

htpp://www.tuac.org

OECD-

sxva veb-gverdebi

arasamTavrobo organizaciebi

samTavrobaTaSoriso organizaciebi:

2003 wels, gaero-s generaluri mdivnis da mTeli rigi qveynebis erToblivi

iniciativiT, Seiqmna saerTaSoriso migraciis globaluri komisia. es organizacia

damoukidebeli organizacia iyo da miznad isaxavda SeemuSavebina yovlismomcveli

da globaluri politika saerTaSoriso migraciis sferoSi. es organizacia daixura

2005wels,magram am misamarTze Tqven SegiZliaT gaecnoT saintereso informacias:

migraciis saerTaSoriso organizacias da msoflio banks aqvT veb-gverdebi,

romlebic swored migraciis sakiTxebs eZRvneba:

da

evropis kavSiris statistikis biuro ( da niderlandebis demografiuli

instituti( anxorcieleben erTobliv proeqts, romelic miznad isaxavs

gamoavlinos is pirdapiri da arapirdapiri gavlena, romelsac saerTaSoriso

migracia axdens evropis kavSirze. am kvlevis Sedegebi xelmisawvdomia Semdeg

misamarTze:

monobis sawinaaRmdego internacionali, daarsda 1839 wels da gaxlavT uZvelesi

adamianis uflebebis damcveli organizacia

hiuman rait votCma ( gamoaqveyna ramdenime mniSvnelovani moxseneba

mTel rig qveynebSi migranti mSromelebis mZime xvedris Sesaxeb:

gaerTianebul samefoSi registrirebuli organizacia-erToblivi sabWo emigrantebis

keTildReobisaTvis:

gaerTianebuli samefos saseqsis centri migraciis, globalizaciis da siRaribis

sakiTxebze moicavs mraval saintereso Temas da flobs saWiro informacias:

platforma Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone migrantebis saerTaSoriso

TanamSromlobisTvis ( gaxlavT calkeuli pirebis da organizaciebis qseli.

am organizaciis samdivno mdebareobs q.briuselSi. am organizaciis mizani gaxlavT

pativiT moepyran Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone migrantebsac:

dekemberi migrantebis saerTaSoriso dRea. ixileT sxvadasxva masala migranti

mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis sferoSi:

htpp://www.gcim.org/en/

htpp://www.iom.int/jahia/jsp/index.jsp

htpp://www.web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTPOVERTY/EXTMIGDEV/O..menuPK:2838383-pagePK:149018-piPK:149093-theSitePK:2838223.00.html

Eurostat)

NIDI)

htpp://www.nidi.knaw.nl/web/html/pushpull/index.html

htpp://www.antislavary.org

Human Rights Watch)

htpp://www.hrw.org

htpp://www.jcwi.org

htpp://www.migrationdrc.org/index.cfm

PICUM),

htpp://www.picum.org

18

htpp://www.december18.net/web/general/start.php

; misi muSaobis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi prioritetiadamianebiT trefikingis winaaRmdeg brZolaa:

(NGOs):

sxva veb-gverdebi

arasamTavrobo organizaciebi

samTavrobaTaSoriso organizaciebi:

2003 wels, gaero-s generaluri mdivnis da mTeli rigi qveynebis erToblivi

iniciativiT, Seiqmna saerTaSoriso migraciis globaluri komisia. es organizacia

damoukidebeli organizacia iyo da miznad isaxavda SeemuSavebina yovlismomcveli

da globaluri politika saerTaSoriso migraciis sferoSi. es organizacia daixura

2005wels,magram am misamarTze Tqven SegiZliaT gaecnoT saintereso informacias:

migraciis saerTaSoriso organizacias da msoflio banks aqvT veb-gverdebi,

romlebic swored migraciis sakiTxebs eZRvneba:

da

evropis kavSiris statistikis biuro ( da niderlandebis demografiuli

instituti( anxorcieleben erTobliv proeqts, romelic miznad isaxavs

gamoavlinos is pirdapiri da arapirdapiri gavlena, romelsac saerTaSoriso

migracia axdens evropis kavSirze. am kvlevis Sedegebi xelmisawvdomia Semdeg

misamarTze:

monobis sawinaaRmdego internacionali, daarsda 1839 wels da gaxlavT uZvelesi

adamianis uflebebis damcveli organizacia

hiuman rait votCma ( gamoaqveyna ramdenime mniSvnelovani moxseneba

mTel rig qveynebSi migranti mSromelebis mZime xvedris Sesaxeb:

gaerTianebul samefoSi registrirebuli organizacia-erToblivi sabWo emigrantebis

keTildReobisaTvis:

gaerTianebuli samefos saseqsis centri migraciis, globalizaciis da siRaribis

sakiTxebze moicavs mraval saintereso Temas da flobs saWiro informacias:

platforma Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone migrantebis saerTaSoriso

TanamSromlobisTvis ( gaxlavT calkeuli pirebis da organizaciebis qseli.

am organizaciis samdivno mdebareobs q.briuselSi. am organizaciis mizani gaxlavT

pativiT moepyran Sesabamisi dokumentebis armqone migrantebsac:

dekemberi migrantebis saerTaSoriso dRea. ixileT sxvadasxva masala migranti

mSromelebis uflebebis dacvis sferoSi:

htpp://www.gcim.org/en/

htpp://www.iom.int/jahia/jsp/index.jsp

htpp://www.web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTPOVERTY/EXTMIGDEV/O..menuPK:2838383-pagePK:149018-piPK:149093-theSitePK:2838223.00.html

Eurostat)

NIDI)

htpp://www.nidi.knaw.nl/web/html/pushpull/index.html

htpp://www.antislavary.org

Human Rights Watch)

htpp://www.hrw.org

htpp://www.jcwi.org

htpp://www.migrationdrc.org/index.cfm

PICUM),

htpp://www.picum.org

18

htpp://www.december18.net/web/general/start.php

; misi muSaobis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi prioritetiadamianebiT trefikingis winaaRmdeg brZolaa:

(NGOs):

135


136


wignebi da statiebi

Castels, S. and Miller,M 1988, Basingstoke, Macmillan

Cohen, R. 1987, Aldershot, Gower

Taran, P.A. and Demaret.L. 2006 ILO's world of work, No.57, sept.2006.Spencer, S (ed). 2003. London, PoliticalQuarterly/Blackwell.

Demaret,L. 2006 inMerchants of Labour, ILO Geneva, 2006.

Taran, P.A. and Geronimi,E. 2003. ILO,Geneva.

Taran, P.A. 2004.item 14(a) of the agenda.

TUC. 2003. London, TUC.

2005. TUC response to the Home office consultation document“Selective admission: Making migration work for Britain”.

Wallace, C. 1999. “Crossing borders: Mobility of goods, capital and people in the Central European Region', inA.Brah, et al(eds): Basingstoke, Macmillan,pp.185-209

Harris, N. 2002. London and NewYork, I.B.Tauris anCo.Ltd.Pecoud, A. and de Guchteneire, P.(eds). 2007,

Berghahn Books inAssociation with UNESCO, Oxford.Working for a better Life:Aprofile of Immigrants in the NewYork State Economy (121 pages,pdf)htpp://www.fiscalpolicy.org/publications2007/FPI_ImmReport_WorkingforaBetterLife.pdf

The age of migration, 2nd edition,

The New Helots: Migrants in the International Division of Labour

Dispelling the migrant myth,The politics of migration: Managing opportunity, conflict and change,

Private employment agencies: The challenges ahead from the workers' perspective,

Globalization, labour and migration: protection is paramount,

Vulnarable Groups: Migrant Workers, United Nations Commission on Human Rights, 60Session, 2004,

Overworked.Underpaid and Over Here: Migrant Workers in Britain,

Making a rights-based migration system work,

Global Futures: Migration, environment and globalization,

Thinking the unthinkable: The immigration myth exposed,

Migration without borders, Essays on the Free Movement ofPeople,

th

wignebi da statiebi

Castels, S. and Miller,M 1988, Basingstoke, Macmillan

Cohen, R. 1987, Aldershot, Gower

Taran, P.A. and Demaret.L. 2006 ILO's world of work, No.57, sept.2006.Spencer, S (ed). 2003. London, PoliticalQuarterly/Blackwell.

Demaret,L. 2006 inMerchants of Labour, ILO Geneva, 2006.

Taran, P.A. and Geronimi,E. 2003. ILO,Geneva.

Taran, P.A. 2004.item 14(a) of the agenda.

TUC. 2003. London, TUC.

2005. TUC response to the Home office consultation document“Selective admission: Making migration work for Britain”.

Wallace, C. 1999. “Crossing borders: Mobility of goods, capital and people in the Central European Region', inA.Brah, et al(eds): Basingstoke, Macmillan,pp.185-209

Harris, N. 2002. London and NewYork, I.B.Tauris anCo.Ltd.Pecoud, A. and de Guchteneire, P.(eds). 2007,

Berghahn Books inAssociation with UNESCO, Oxford.Working for a better Life:Aprofile of Immigrants in the NewYork State Economy (121 pages,pdf)htpp://www.fiscalpolicy.org/publications2007/FPI_ImmReport_WorkingforaBetterLife.pdf

The age of migration, 2nd edition,

The New Helots: Migrants in the International Division of Labour

Dispelling the migrant myth,The politics of migration: Managing opportunity, conflict and change,

Private employment agencies: The challenges ahead from the workers' perspective,

Globalization, labour and migration: protection is paramount,

Vulnarable Groups: Migrant Workers, United Nations Commission on Human Rights, 60Session, 2004,

Overworked.Underpaid and Over Here: Migrant Workers in Britain,

Making a rights-based migration system work,

Global Futures: Migration, environment and globalization,

Thinking the unthinkable: The immigration myth exposed,

Migration without borders, Essays on the Free Movement ofPeople,

th

Tu adamiani gaecnoba am saxelmZRvaneloSi moyvanilinformacias da Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis daglobaluri profkavSirebis mier gamoqveynebul mecnierulnaSromebs, is swrafad miva Semdeg daskvnamde: migrantimSromelebi ganicdian aramarTlzomier siduxWires daCagvras dabali xelfasebis,cudi samuSao pirobebis,realurisocialuri dacvis meqanizmebis arqonis, gaerTianebaze damSromelTa uflebebze uaris Tqmis, diskriminaciis daqsenofobiis, aseve socialuri gariyulobis gziT. ZalianxSirad, migrant mSromelebs iyeneben (borotad), rogorciafi muSaxelis wyaros.

garda im problemebisa, romlis winaSec migrantimSromelebi dganan,xSirad maTi mier gaRebuli msxverpli dakontribucia rogorc maspinZeli, aseve maTi sakuTariqveynebis ekonomikaSi daunaxavi da daufasebelia,miuxedevadimisa,rom maT Zalian didi sikeTe moaqvT orivesTvis.

naTelia,migracia upirveles yovlisa SromiTi sakiTxia: isSeexeba mSromelTa gadaadgilebas, sazRvris gadalaxvassamuSaos moZebnis mizniT; is Seexeba migrantimSromelebisTvis Tanabar uflebebs, maTdami samarTlianmopyrobas da maTi uflebebis dacvas.

es saxelmZRvanelo miznad isaxavs gazardos profkavSirebisSesaZleblobebi SromiTi migraciis politikis SemuSavebisprocesSi, xeli Seuwyos jansaRi SromiTi migraciisdanergvis da uSualod migrant mSromelebTan kavSirebisdamyarebis process; uzrunvelyos is garemoeba,rom SromiTimigraciiT gamowveuli sikeTiT isargebleben rogorcmigrantebis warmomavlobis, aseve maspinZeli qveynebimigranti da aramigranti mSromelebis interesebisgaTvaliswinebiT.

Tu adamiani gaecnoba am saxelmZRvaneloSi moyvanilinformacias da Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis daglobaluri profkavSirebis mier gamoqveynebul mecnierulnaSromebs, is swrafad miva Semdeg daskvnamde: migrantimSromelebi ganicdian aramarTlzomier siduxWires daCagvras dabali xelfasebis,cudi samuSao pirobebis,realurisocialuri dacvis meqanizmebis arqonis, gaerTianebaze damSromelTa uflebebze uaris Tqmis, diskriminaciis daqsenofobiis, aseve socialuri gariyulobis gziT. ZalianxSirad, migrant mSromelebs iyeneben (borotad), rogorciafi muSaxelis wyaros.

garda im problemebisa, romlis winaSec migrantimSromelebi dganan,xSirad maTi mier gaRebuli msxverpli dakontribucia rogorc maspinZeli, aseve maTi sakuTariqveynebis ekonomikaSi daunaxavi da daufasebelia,miuxedevadimisa,rom maT Zalian didi sikeTe moaqvT orivesTvis.

naTelia,migracia upirveles yovlisa SromiTi sakiTxia: isSeexeba mSromelTa gadaadgilebas, sazRvris gadalaxvassamuSaos moZebnis mizniT; is Seexeba migrantimSromelebisTvis Tanabar uflebebs, maTdami samarTlianmopyrobas da maTi uflebebis dacvas.

es saxelmZRvanelo miznad isaxavs gazardos profkavSirebisSesaZleblobebi SromiTi migraciis politikis SemuSavebisprocesSi, xeli Seuwyos jansaRi SromiTi migraciisdanergvis da uSualod migrant mSromelebTan kavSirebisdamyarebis process; uzrunvelyos is garemoeba,rom SromiTimigraciiT gamowveuli sikeTiT isargebleben rogorcmigrantebis warmomavlobis, aseve maspinZeli qveynebimigranti da aramigranti mSromelebis interesebisgaTvaliswinebiT.

International Labour Office

4, route des Morillons

CH

Switzerland

Tel

Fax

Web: www.ilo.org

– 1211 Geneva 22

: (+41) (0) 22799 6832

: (+41) (0) 22799 6310

International Labour Office

4, route des Morillons

CH

Switzerland

Tel

Fax

Web: www.ilo.org

– 1211 Geneva 22

: (+41) (0) 22799 6832

: (+41) (0) 22799 6310

luk demareti

migraciis sakiTxebzesakontaqto piriSso-s mSromelTa

aqtivobebis biuro

tel: (+41 22) 799 7233

(ACTRAV)

[email protected]

luk demareti

migraciis sakiTxebzesakontaqto piriSso-s mSromelTa

aqtivobebis biuro

tel: (+41 22) 799 7233

(ACTRAV)

[email protected]

9 7 8 9 2 2 8 2 4 1 4 2 6

ISBN 978-92-2-824142-6

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