I nternational Telecommunication Union

Role of Telecommunications/ ICTRole of Telecommunications/ ICTin Disaster Mitigationin Disaster Mitigation

AlexandriaAlexandria, EGYPT, 14-17 April 2007, EGYPT, 14-17 April 2007

Dr. Cosmas L. Zavazava, PhD.

HEAD,Emergency Telecommunications,

Least Developed Countries, and Small Island Developing States

Disasters kill at least Disasters kill at least one one millionmillion people each decade people each decade and cause annual losses of and cause annual losses of

US 65 billion dollars…US 65 billion dollars…

DISASTERSDISASTERSTHE DESTRUCTIVE NATURE OFTHE DESTRUCTIVE NATURE OF

Pic earthquakePic earthquake

Pic earthquakePic earthquake

Pic floodsPic floods

Pic forest firePic forest fire

Pic forest firePic forest fire

Sandstorm.

WHEN WHEN DISASTERS DISASTERS STRIKE… STRIKE…

TELECOMMUNICATIONSTELECOMMUNICATIONS

SAVESAVE LIVES LIVES

CoordinationCoordinationAlarm Alarm disseminationdissemination

Request information and provideRequest information and providefeedback on impact of disaster feedback on impact of disaster

FOUR FOUR COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION

IMPERATIVESIMPERATIVES

ICT : MULTI-HAZARD APPROACH

HurricaneFloods

VolcanoEarthquake

Fire Tsunami

Volcano

Earthquake

Tsunami

Flood

Fire

MULTI-TECHNOLOGY FOR MULTI-HAZARDS

ABOUT ITUITU

Helping the World Communicate

ITU-TTelecommunication

standardization- network and service

aspectsITU-R

Radiocommunicationstandardization and

global radio spectrum management

ITU-DAssistance delivery and

implementation of telecommunications in developing countries

191 Member States700 Sector Members100 Sector Associates

ENHANCED COORDINATION IN EMERGENCY TELECOMMUNICATIONS

ITU-T ITU-R

ITU-DCoordinates all Sectors

at operational level

ITU Deputy Secretary-GeneralChairs Inter-Sectoral Group

On Emergency Telecoms

ITU’s COMPLETE PACKAGE TO DISASTER MITIGATIONITU’s COMPLETE PACKAGE TO DISASTER MITIGATION

The Mitigation Onion Layer Approach (MOLA)The Mitigation Onion Layer Approach (MOLA)

1. Risk assessment/ Analysis (intensity + probability)

2. Early Warning- forecasting dissemination- Provision of timely and effective information

3. PreventionRaising awareness using ICTsand building preventive measures in projects

4. PreparednessEarly warning + temporary measures

5. Risk ManagementPolicies, strategies + practicesaimed at disaster risk reduction

BACKGROUND TEXTS: ITU-T(STANDARDS)

International Emergency Preference Scheme(Rec.E.106 Call Preference scheme)

Interoperability of telecommunication networks (ITU-T Rec. H.323)

Overview of the requirements, features, and concept for emergency telecoms for Next Generation Networks (NGN) (ITU-T Y. 1271)

Message broadcast capability for IP systems H.323 Multimedia and VoIP (ITU-T H. 460.21)

New by ITU-T Common Alert Protocol (CAP)

• Standard alert message format that can be used for a wide range of alert types– Including early warning and dissemination

• Developed originally by OASIS– Good acceptance by industry and user communities

• Currently: work item to be formally accepted within ITU-T SG 17 (Security, languages and telecommunication software)– Approval expected early 2008

• Next: – Support of CAP in ITU-T defined systems– Refinements to the spec– Recommendation expected by end of May 2007

BACKGROUND TEXTS: ITU-R(RADIOCOMMUNICATION)

Res.646 (WRC-03): Public Protection and Disaster Relief Encouraging regionally harmonized bands/ranges for public

protection and relief. Region 1:380-470 Mhz Region 2:746-806 Mhz, 806-869 Mhz, 4940-4990 Mhz. Region 3:406.1-430Mhz, 440-470Mhz, 806-824/851-869 Mhz

Application of amateur and amateur satellite services (Rec. M.1042-2)

Support to emergency broadcasting, maritime and public safety signals

ITU-R: DISASTER PREDICTION, DETECTION, ALERTING AND RELIEF

Disaster activities Radiocommunication service involved

Prediction and Detection ▪Meteorological services▪Earth exploration and satellite service

Alerting and Relief ▪Amateur services▪Broadcasting services and satellite (radio, TV etc)▪Fixed services terrestrial and satellite▪Mobile services (land, satellite, maritime, etc)

Regionally Harmonized Bands (ITU-R)

5-01

75°

60°

40°30°20°

0°

20°30°40°

60°

75°

60°

40°30°

20°

0°

20°30°40°

60°

170° 140°160° 100°120° 60°80° 20°40° 0° 20° 40° 60° 80° 100° 120° 140° 160° 180°

170°

170°

140°160° 100°120° 60°80° 20°40° 0° 20° 40° 60° 80° 100° 120° 140° 160° 180° 170°

ABC

ABC

REGION 1

REGION 2

REGION 3 REGION 3

BACKGROUND TEXTS: ITU-D(DEVELOPMENT)

WTDC-06 Resolution 34: “The role of telecommunications/ICT in early warning and mitigation of disasters and humanitarian assistance.” requesting the BDT “to support administrations in their work towards the

implementation of the Tampere Convention,” and ITU-D should strengthen the link between telecommunication development and disaster.

WTDC-06: ITU-D Study Group 2 (Question 22/2): “Utilization of ICT for disaster management and active and passive space-based

sensing systems as they apply to disaster prediction, detection and mitigation.” PP-06 Resolution 36: “Telecommunications/ICT in the service of

humanitarian assistance” inviting Member States “to work towards their accession to the Tampere Convention

as a matter of priority” and also, “to take all practical steps for the application of the Tampere Convention.”

PP-06 Resolution 136:“The use of ICT for monitoring and management in emergency and disaster situations for early warning, prevention, mitigation and relief.” To support technical studies through ITU study Groups Support the development of robust, comprehensive, all-hazards emergency and

disaster early warning, mitigation and relief systems

ITU-D: DISASTER PREPAREDNESS (1)

Telecommunication /ICT Development and Deployment Incorporating resilience and reducing vulnerability Focus on Universal Access

Training and Capacity building of Government Agencies, Radio Amateurs, NGOS, etc

Best Practices Handbooks Case

Studies

ITU-D: DISASTER PREPAREDNESS (2)

Help Establish Appropriate: Legal Framework at National, Regional and

International levels- Tampere Convention ratification and

implementation Regulatory Framework

Licensing regimes Frequency usage

Policy framework

ITU-D: RESPONSE AND RELIEF OPERATIONS

▪ Deployment of Satellite terminals for telemedicine and voice (disaster relief) e.g. ▪ Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Suriname, etc.

▪ Post Disaster Network Damage Assessments e.g. ▪

Indonesia, Maldives, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka▪ Network Rehabilitation and GIS e.g. Indonesia

EXAMPLE OF PARTNERSHIPS THAT WORK

ITU & ITU SECTOR

MEMBERS

ROHDE & SCHWARZ

THURAYA

INMARSAT

FRANCE TELECOM

ONGOING AND FUTURE WORK

Publication of Best Practices and Designing of Model National Emergency Plans

Compendium on ITU-T, ITU-R, and ITU-D work• Protocols for Automatic TV, Radio and

Telephone on-switching capability• Back-up ICT/Telecommunication systems

(satellite)• ITU Framework for Cooperation in Emergencies

(IFCE)

Technology

Cluster

▪Satellite operators and Land Earth station operators

▪Telecom Operators

▪GIS/Remote sensing service providers

▪Radiocommunications Equipment Providers

Finance

Cluster

▪Governments

▪Private Sector

▪Development Banks

▪Regional Economic Groups

Logistics

Cluster

▪Air Transport operators

▪International Couriers

ITU Framework for Cooperation in Emergencies (IFCE)

Eminent Industry Champion

Eminent Corporate Champion

Eminent Corporate Champion

KEYSTRATEGIES IN THE USE OF

TELECOMMUNICATIONS FOR DISASTER MITIGATION

Bridging the Gap between Rural and Urban (universal Access)

ICT should be high on the national development agenda

Introduce low-cost, affordable ICT/telecommunication technologies

ICT should provide a link for all citizens Focus on Community based approaches rather

than households (universal access rather than universal service)

Strategies: Embrace Convergence

ICTs forDisaster

Mitigation

Broadcasting TV

BroadcastingRadio

Info. Technology• Internet

•Wifi, Wifi-Max

Telecoms• Fixed• Mobile

Strategies: Harmonize Laws and Regulations

• Adoption of appropriate treaties such as the Tampere Convention

• Open standards that can help interoperability of networks and prioritization of calls

The “Tampere Hall” in Tampere Finland, where theTreaty on TelecommunicationFor Disaster Mitigation and Relief was signed on 18 June 1998.

Strategies: Concluding• Forge Multi-stakeholder Partnerships• Adopt relevant standards• Develop and deploy appropriate

technologies• Multidisciplinary approach• Effective frequency management

CALL FOR PARTNERS• SHARED VISION• SHARED OBJECTIVES AND

OUTCOMES• RESULTING IN WIN-WIN OUTCOMES

I nternational Telecommunication Union

THANK YOUTHANK YOU

Dr. COSMAS L. ZAVAZAVATel: +41 22 730 5447cosmas.zavazava@itu.int

www.itu.int/itu-d/emergencytelecoms