Section IV to Field (DUB)Section IV to Field (DUB)

Dennis J. Haggerty, JRC-Halliburton Cam Le, Halliburton

MENAPS-11-23

Static vs. Dynamic

Defining Dynamic Underbalance (DUB)

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Pwellbore

Pwellbore

Max UB Surge

Preservoir

Pre

ssur

e

Time

Max UB Surge

Preservoir

MENAPS-11-23

Customer Challenge

� Injector well� Initial Well Parameters

– ~ 6000 psi BHP– ~ 190 F BHT– ~ 450 md

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– ~ 25% Ф– ~ 20,900 ft MD TVD– ~ 3,850 ft Water Depth– ~ 3500 psi Overbalanced by Seawater

MENAPS-11-23

Customer Challenge

� Zinc or Steel– Which would increase injectivity when shot in an

severely overbalance condition? 3,500 psi

� How much Dynamic Underbalance (DUB) is needed to improve injectivity?

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improve injectivity?

� Estimate the injection rate

MENAPS-11-23

Section IV Approach

� Lab Set Up– Section IV Diagram– Gun Setup – FGV (free gun volume)– Parameters

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� Lab Results– Pressure Response– Injectivity

MENAPS-11-23

Section IV Diagram

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MENAPS-11-23

Section IV Parameters

Test Number

SPF Free Gun Volume,

cc

Overburden Pressure, psi

Pore Pressure,

psi

Wellbore Pressure,

psi

Overbalance Pressure, psi

1 – Zinc 12 515

5,000

Net Effective Stress

psi

4,000

1,000 4,500 3,5002 – Steel 12 515

3 – Steel 21 83

4 – Steel 2 1100

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�Test 1 – Fully loaded Zinc Gun�Test 2 – Steel with same FGV for and apples to apples comparison�Test 3 – Fully loaded Steel Gun�Test 4 – Extreme case to increase FGV to induce a DUB response

�Charges: � 5 in. 12 SPF RDX SH Mirage� 5 in. 21 SPF RDX BH Cluster

�Fluid Gap: 0.80 in.�Casing: 0.50 in. 4140 steel�Cement: 1.55 in. Class A Neat �Wellbore Fluid: 3.5% NaCl

MENAPS-11-23

2Hz Pressure Traces after Perforation

4000

5000

6000W

ellb

ore

Pre

ssur

e (P

SI)

Test-01 WB Pressure Test-02 WB PressureTest-03 WB Pressure Test-04 WB PressureTest-01 Pore Pressure Test-02 Pore PressureTest-03 Pore Pressure Test-04 Pore Pressure

8© 2011 HALLIBURTON. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

0

1000

2000

3000

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Time (Seconds)

Wel

lbor

e P

ress

ure

(PS

I)

MENAPS-11-23

Injectivity

Cumulative Injection

5

6

7

8

9

Cum

ulat

ive

Inje

ctio

n in

Bar

rels

GC-01 Total Volume

GC-02 Total Volume

GC-03 Total Volume

GC-04 Total Volume

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0

1

2

3

4

5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Minutes

Cum

ulat

ive

Inje

ctio

n in

Bar

rels

MENAPS-11-23

Dynamic Surge Modeling

� ?’s that needs Answers– How does a full system at actual down hole condition

and geometry perform?

– Do we need the additional Free Gun Volume (FGV)?

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– Do we need the additional Free Gun Volume (FGV)?

MENAPS-11-23

Gun Selection Based on Predicted DUB

8000

10000

12000

Avg

. Pre

ssu

re In

P

erfo

rate

d In

terv

al,

psi

Pressure vs Time

min average P: 4,476 psi

which yields 1,283 psi DUB

5,759 psi Reservoir

Pressure & 2,500 psi OB

11© 2011 HALLIBURTON. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

0

2000

4000

6000

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Avg

. Pre

ssu

re In

P

erfo

rate

d In

terv

al,

psi

Time, sec

5" 21 spf psi 5" 10 spf psi

min average P: 2,277 psi which yields 3,482 psi DUB

MENAPS-11-23

Updated Model to New Parameters

6,450 psi Reservoir

Pressure & 1,800 psi OB

12© 2011 HALLIBURTON. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

min average P: 4,076 psi which yields 2,374 psi DUB

MENAPS-11-23

High Speed Data Validating Model

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Reservoir 6,450 psiMin Pres 3,916 psiYields 2,533 psi Actual DUBPredicted 2,374 psi avg.Difference of 159 psi

MENAPS-11-23

Comparing Lab Results to Model

6450 Reservoir

8450 Wellbore

Actual

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1000 Reservoir

4500 Wellbore

Reservoir

Lab

MENAPS-11-23

Rerun Model at Section IV conditions

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1000 Reservoir

4500 Wellbore

MENAPS-11-23

Supporting Data 5 kH Wellbore Pressure

7" 45g BH

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

Pre

ssur

e (p

si)

Test Number

Overburden Pressure, psi

Pore Pressure, psi

Wellbore Pressure,

psi

Underbalance Pressure, psi

Test Number

1 8,045 4,950 4,452 497.9 2809.42 8,042 4,951 4,455 495.3 2808.93 8,068 4,776 4,962 -186.0 2479.46 8,015 4,776 4,969 -193.1 2481.38 4,547 2,526 2,024 502.3 1461.15 4,566 2,496 2,033 463.3 1427.7

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-2000

-1000

0

1000

2000

3000

-0.05 0.05 0.15 0.25 0.35 0.45

Time (seconds)

Pre

ssur

e (p

si)

Test-01 Test-02 Test-03 Test-04 Test-05 Test-06 Test-07 Test-08

5 4,566 2,496 2,033 463.3 1427.77 4,555 1,512 1,038 477.7 745.34 4,566 1,540 1,053 486.8 765.7

MENAPS-11-23

Lessons Learned

� When parameters are the same; Section IV and Model DUB results are similar

� API Section IV Labs were build on the principle of net effective stress therefore Dynamic Surge Model needs to be run to account for the absolute differential between

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be run to account for the absolute differential between wellbore and gun

� Model has been validated by field data

� Model can be use to customize the gun system and tool string to optimize the DUB

MENAPS-11-23