seeds for needs
TRANSCRIPT
PowerPoint Presentation
Seeds for NeedsEast AfricaBioversity Sub-Saharan Africa Carlo Fadda
Bioversity 21x7 (11/12/2012)
IDENTIFY pre-adapted varietiesto satisfy the needs of farmersand to find seeds that are likely to perform well in future climatesWHAT
WHYACCESSto better adapted varietiesreduced vulnerabilityincreased food securityto help farmers cope with the adverse effects of climate change on crop production
Lack of information and access to durumone of the major crops of Ethiopiaseeds of better-adapted varieties leaves many Ethiopian smallholder farmers vulnerable to increased food insecurity. The required diversity and traits, in the form of more than 3,000 durum wheat accessions, are available in the national gene bank held by the Institute of Biodiversity Conservation. Seeds for Needs is working to bridge the gap between farmers lack of access to seeds and the abundance of accessions in genebanks by providing locally-adapted seeds that are able to meet future conditions of unpredictable rainfall and changes in temperature.3
SCREENINGaccessions using GIS technologyfarmers evaluate varietiesselection is grown on-farmfield days are organized to see how varieties performand exchange information HOW
On-farmtrial
Locally adaptedseeds and seed systems
On-stationtrial
Gene bankaccessions
Summary of the 8 durum wheat cluster current and future suitability mapsAverage climate 1950-1990 (Worldclim)2050 climate
6Summary durum wheat clusters
ETHIOPIAusing durum wheat and barley genetic diversity to support farmers in adapting to climate change
EthiopiaAddis Ababa
ChefeeEjereKokkaHagereselamGeregera
Change so that new locations pop up8
Addis AbabaFarmers SelectionYield1022639312208136203989223257
EthiopiaAddis Ababa
Farmers SelectionYield156221256344arendato
Farmers SelectionYield42269739226922208132gerardo
SourcedfMean SquareFSig.SITES25425451.25936.680
Put in the table showing differences in selection for the 3 sites
Farm size, percentage selling less and portion of land occupied by 3 most important crops
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Addis Ababa
EthiopiaAddis Ababa
Farm Size3.85 haPercentage of sales68%Area64%
Farm Size2.15 haPercentage of sales29%Area82%
Farm Size2.93 haPercentage of sales35%Area73%
Put in the table showing differences in selection for the 3 sites
Farm size, percentage selling less and portion of land occupied by 3 most important crops
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Focus Group
DISCUSSIONSCLIMATE CHANGEchanges in rainfall and temperature
fast ECONOMIC change and growth
limited crop DIVERSITY
WHEAT RUST
Climate change: divergent experiences and varied awareness, changes in rainfall most noticed.Fast economic change and growth: help motivate crop choices and varietal preferencesLimited crop diversity: CGB membership is a crucial factor in varietal choiceWheat rust is a key concern for farmers at the moment, offering a potential analogue for future climate change.
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Farmers
EVALUATION
400 varieties4 different traits2 replicate fields2 research sites= 192,000 datapoints30 farmers
FIELD DAYSmolecular analysisparticipatory plant breedingSEED SYSTEMSseed multiplicationsocio-economic surveySNP MARKERSPARTICIPATORY VARIETY SELECTIONFocus Group Discussionsmother-and-baby trialsfarmers evaluationgenetic diversityclimate change
Participatory Plant Breeding Seeds Systems14
KENYA & TANZANIALinking genetic vulnerability to loss of resilience to adapt to climate change
African Biodiversity Conservation and Innovations Centre
HOWASSESSINGvarietal diversitymodel selected crops for: biotic and a-biotic stresshousehold incomeclimatic data
of sorghum, pigeon pea and cowpea
Household incomePotential pests and diseases>>sorghum, pigeon pea and cowpea17
KenyaDistribution of Cowpeaaccessions
CROWDSOURCING
1.500 Ethiopian Farmers
1.500 Tanzanian FarmersS
1.500 Kenyan Farmers
http://www.looslidesign.com/resources/crowdsourcing
Shift so that Ehtiopia is included
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Future plansExpand in Rwanda and Uganda
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