PowerPoint Presentation

SOUTH AFRICABATSWANATHE LEGACY REMAINS

PHECHUDI MD

INTRODUCTIONHISTORY OF BATSWANACULTURAL IDENTITYTRADITIONMUSIC AND FOODDEATH AND BURIALWESTERN MEDICINESTEREOTYPESPECIAL CONCIDERATIONSCONCLUSION REFERENCEOBJECTIVES

According to Cambridge dictionary Culture is the way of life, specially the general customs and beliefs, of a particular group of people at a particular time.Heritage features belonging to the culture of a particular society, such as traditions, languages or buildings, which still exist from the past and which have a historical importance.Cultural heritage is Legacy inherited from past generations.INTRODUCTION

Martin west (1979), Tswana people are the Sothos who lived scattered over a very wide area extending beyond the northern cape province and the Transvaal into the Republic of South Africa

HISTORY OF BATSWANA

continueThe Tswana consisted of 50 groups who were fussed into one group of BatswanaThey suffered several invasions in the early 19th centuryThe most serious attack was by King Mzilikazi Figure 1

Hundreds of Tswanas were killed.Created wide spread of chaos, people got injured, others fled and some of the 50 groups extinct while others re-grouped in other areas

Figure 2The Tswana death toll

The better known tribes are theBakgatlaBakwenaBangwatoBarolongBatawanaBatlokwaBahurutshe

Figure 3

They then lived in peace in a less densely-packed community.

The ethnonym Batswana (Western Sotho) is thought to be antonyms that come from meaning of the Sotho-Tswana word tswa, which means to come out of. The name would be derived from the word Ba ba tswang eventually shortened to the word Batswana meaning The Separatists or alternatively the people who cannot hold together.CULTURAL IDENTITY

TRADITIONS OF BATSWANA

The ancestral spirit plays an important role in Tswana culture. The spirit are often invoked for the pride of healing, to give fortune and household cleansing.

Tswana tradition measures wealth and status in cattle. This also determines the size of households as cattle is the currency for paying a bride price and are necessary for feeding the family. Peter Joyce (2009)

Figure 4

Transfer of Cattles

Figure 5

Initiation

MUSICThe Tswana are known for their performance on such diverse instruments as the kwadi musical bow, the ditlhaka flute, the meropa single-headed conical drum, matlho cocoon shakers, and mapapata animal horn trumpets

Cultural Group are more traditional. Their version of their songs begins with ululation, by a youthful singer. Then song progresses with a steady stream of hand clapping, and multiple variations on a repetitive choral refrain. Martin West (1979)

Male Tswana dance

Female cultural dance

FOOD

Death is usually considered to have both natural and supernatural causes. Traditionally, men were buried in their cattle kraals, women in the compounds and small children were buried under houses.Immediately after a person dies, hands and feet are straightened Daily prayers Human hyenasNight vigilBurial dayBack to homestead.

After death, elders become ancestors (Badimo) .People who die with regrets are believed to become ghosts ( dipoko ); their souls remain in the grave by day but rise at night to haunt the living. Martin West (1979) DEATH AND BURIAL

TSWANAS AND WESTERN MEDICINE

A woman who deliberately chooses to remain single is not only virtually unknown, but is also an embarrassment, and a shame to the community. She was regarded as refusing to fulfil the fundamental duty of childbearing. known as mafetwa (those who have been passed by) and was the worst form of social stigma a woman could have.Mafetwa are regarded as bad luck. They are not to touch childrenMan to womenSTEREOTYPES

Most Tswana people take western medicine as their death bed, once they are sent to hospitals they will not come back to their loved onesTrust SympathyWillAssistNurturingAction T.S.W.A.N.A

SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS

Know were you belong culturallyInherit the cultureRespect other cultures

CONCLUSION

Kuper A kalahari Village Politics, Cambridge, 1970

Martin West (1979) An Introduction To The Black People Of South Africa. Cape Town. C.Struik publishers (119-132)

Peter Joyce (2009) Cultures Of South Africa. Cape Town. Sunbird Publishers (134-141)

Schapera, I. The Tswana A Handbook of Tswana Law and Custom, London, International Institute Of African Language And Culture 1938Schapera, I The Ethnic Composition Of Tswana Tribes, london, The London School Of Economics And Political Science 1952Video 1 youtube.com/watch?v=XzHtxRJN16o

Video 2 youtube.com/watch?v=XzHtxRJNjfg176985dr

REFERENCE

Figure1 http://www.southafrica.net/entry/article-southafrica.net-the-tswana-people (Accessed 07 March 2015).

Figure 2 15 http://kwekudee-tripdownmemorylane.blogspot.com/2013/03/tswana-are-niger-congo-or-bantu.html (Accessed 05 March 2015)

Figure 3 http://kwekudee-tripdownmemorylane.blogspot.com/2013/03/tswana-are-niger-congo-or bantu.htmlhttps://www.google.co.za/search?q=batswana+and+king+mzilikazi+war (Accessed 05 March 2015)

Figure 4 http://kwekudee-tripdownmemorylane.blogspot.com/2013/03/tswana-are-niger-congo-or-bantu.html (Accessed 05 March 2015)

Figure 5 http://kwekudee-tripdownmemorylane.blogspot.com/2013/03/tswana-are-niger-congo-or-bantu.html (Accessed 05 March 2015)