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Spatial Data Infrastructure

GRS-21306

Introduction

Arnold Bregt

A few examples

GEO (World)

INSPIRE (EU)

PDOK (Netherlands)

Contents Presentation

What is SDI?

Why SDI?

What are the components?

A few examples

Summary

What is SDI?

SDI = Spatial Data Infrastructure

What is Spatial Data?

What is an Infrastructure?

Definition (Oxford dictionary)

“The basic systems and services that are necessary for a country or organization”

Infrastructure

Infrastructure facilitates the production of goods and services

Characteristics of an Infrastructure

Time Span Long-term activity (10-100 yrs)

Users Large users groups

Funding Tax money or obligatory amount per user

Management/ Control

Government, monopolist, political debate

Importance of Infrastructure GDP growth

Source: César Calderón and Luis Servén, WB

Importance of infrastructure on GDP growth

Source: César Calderón and Luis Servén, WB

GINI Coefficient

Importance of infrastructure on inequality

Source: César Calderón and Luis Servén, WB

Importance of infrastructure on inequality

Source: César Calderón and Luis Servén, WB

Types of Infrastructure

Physical Infrastructures

Organizational Infrastructures

Information Infrastructures

Infrastructures (Physical)

Infrastructures (organizational)

Infrastructures (Information)

Infrastructures

Information OrganizationPhysical

Spatial Data

Infrastructures

Video on SDI

Video on SDI (Spain)

Video on SDI (Canada)

Video on SDI (Students)

Definitions of SDI

Executive Order of US (1994) National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) means the technology, policies, standards and human resources necessary to acquire, process, store, distribute, and improve utilization of geospatial data.

Definitions of SDI

Wytzisk and Sliwinski (2004) A SDI can be understood as a multi-leveled, scalable, and adaptable collection of technical and human services, which are interconnected across system, organizational and administrative boundaries via standardized interfaces. Those services enable users from different application domains to participate in value chains by gaining seamless access to spatial information and geo-processing resources.

Definitions of SDI

Utility view: SDI is a network facility for accessing and sharing spatial data.

Component view: spatial data, standards, policies, technology and people

Utility and goal: a network facility for supporting spatial issues in society accessing and sharing spatial data

Characteristics SDI

Holistic concept

Complex system (see Paper Grus et al. in Reader)

Serving the organization/society not only a particular application

5 components and interaction between components

Question

What are the main reasons to initiate SDI development?

Views on SDI

Component view

CAS view (complex adaptive system)

Technological view

Organizational view

User’s view

????

Components

People

Technology

Policies

Standards

Spatial

Data

Spatial Data

Spatial Data sets (Geodetic reference, Cadastre, Topography)

Administration

Land Use

Hydrology

Environment

Other ...

People Policies Spatial Data

Standards

Technology

Technology

Networks

Service Oriented Architecture

Web Map server (WMS),

Web Feature Service (WFS)

Clearinghouses

........

People Policies Spatial Data

Standards

Technology

Standards

Standardization organizations (ISO, CEN, OGC)

INSPIRE Implementing rules

GML, XML,

Meta-data standards

People Policies Spatial Data

Standards

Technology

Policies

SDI policy

Technology policy

Data access policies

Data pricing policy reference

.....

People Policies Spatial Data

Standards

Technology

People

Data providers

Policy makers

SDI users

Coordinating bodies

........

People Policies Spatial Data

Standards

Technology

Question

Can you give an example of the mutual interaction between the 5 components of SDI

A few examples

Regional SDIs

National SDIs

Global SDI

State SDIs

Local SDIs

Vertical Relationships

Exercise

Try to find at least 3 geo portals on the web

Global Spatial Data Infrastructure (web-site)

Example Global

Example Regional (Europe)

Example National

Example Local (Spain)

A short history of SDI

1991 Term SDI from Canada

1994 Clinton Executive Order 12906 (SDI)

1996 GSDI organization

2007 INSPIRE directive

1998 SDI course in Wageningen

Question

What are the difference/similarities between GIS and SDI?

Research themes

Summary

SDI: infrastructure for Spatial data

5 Components

World-wide development (also RS data)

Long term activity

Difficult to organize

Final Remark

We (Lukasz, Pinelopi and Arnold wish you a good 2016 and fruitful SDI course!

Questions?