6

Inertia response from full-power converter-based permanent magnet wind generators

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

DOI 10.1007/s40565-

Template for Preparation of Papers for MPCE

First Author1,2, Second Author2, Third Author3

(if available, please provide the authors' ORCid)

Abstract These instructions give you guidelines for preparing papers for the Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy. Use this document as a template by using Microsoft Word 6.0 or later. Please use this document as a “template” to prepare your manuscript.

Keywords Component, Formatting, Style, Styling, Insert

1 Introduction(

These guidelines include complete descriptions of the fonts, line spacing, margins, column widths[1], and related information for producing your manuscripts. Please follow them and if you have any questions, direct them to Editorial Staff at mpce@alljournals.cn.

2 Procedure for paper submission

2.1 Manuscript preparing

When you are preparing your manuscript, open the MPCE-Template.doc and rename it into yourown.doc. Then type over sections directly in the template, or simply cut and paste from another document and then format them by means of format paintbrush. Use italics for emphasis; do not underline. Do not change the font sizes[2,3], margins, column widths or line spacing to squeeze more text into a limited number of pages. You are also advised to follow the instructions on paper formatting on http://www.mpce.info[4].

All manuscripts must be prepared in English. The page numbers of the initial manuscript are no more than 9. The accepted manuscript is within 12 pages.

2.2 Paper submission

When you submit your manuscript, follow the instructions on paper submission on http://www.editorialmanager.com/mpce and submit your papers online[5].

2.3 Copyright form

Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before[6]; that it is not under consideration for publication anywhere else; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – at the institute where the work has been carried out.

Articles in SpringerOpen journals do not require transfer of copyright as the copyright remains with the author. In confirming the publication of your article with open access you agree to the Creative Commons Attribution License[7]. Further information available at http://creativecommons.org/

3 Math

All mathematical expressions must be legible. It is required to create equations or variables in your manuscript by the MathType[8].

Number equations consecutively with equation numbers in parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). To make your equations more compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp function, or appropriate exponents. Use parentheses to avoid ambiguities in denominators. Punctuate equations when they are part of a sentence, as in

2

20

0

(,)/[/(2)]

r

Frdrdr

jjsm

=

ò

1

120

0

exp(||)()()

jii

zzJrJrd

lllll

¥

-

´--

ò

(1)

Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been defined before the equation appears or immediately following. Refer to “(1),” not “Eq. (1)” or “equation (1),” except at the beginning of a sentence: “Equation (1) is ...”.

Italicize general variables (T might refer to temperature, but T is the unit tesla)[9].

Denote vectors and matrices in bold but not italic Times New Roman.

Express derivatives as follows:

d

2, not 2

d

xxbxxb

t

=+=+

&

(2)

Half line spacing is suggested between the equation and its upper (lower) text as in (1) and (2)[10].

Do not give derivations that are easily found in the literature, merely cite the reference.

4 Figures and tables

Each figure and table should be clear enough, and have a caption to concisely and intelligibly illustrate the contents of it. Figures/tables may be worked into the text or placed at the end of the manuscript. To conserve space in the publication, most figures/tables are reduced to single-column width if possible. This may result in as much as a 4:1 reduction from the original. Therefore, figures/tables should be kept to a minimum in original and be easily viewed on published pages. Large figures and tables may span both columns[11].

In the finalized sizes of figures/tables, authors are advised to make sure that (see Fig. 1):

12345.12345 should be expressed as 12,345.12345.

Mathematical expressions (variables) appearing in figures should be in the same styles as in texts (see Section III).

Trigram tables are suggested, as in Table 1, the first and the last lines are in 1.5 Pounds and the 2nd line is in 0.75 pounds.

Texts in figures are approximately 8pt.

Captions of figures and tables are approximately 9pt.

Place figure captions below the figures, as in Fig. 1.

Place table titles above the tables, as in Table 1.

The figures and tables are recommended to insert in your document after the text actually exists. Please do not include captions as part of the figures. Do not put captions in “text boxes” linked to the figures. Use the full name “Figure” at the beginning of a sentence. Do not abbreviate “Tab.”. Tables are numbered with Arabic numerals.

Table 1 The arrangement of channels

Channels

Group 1

Group 2

…

Group c

Main channel

Channel 1

Channel 2

…

Channel c

…

…

…

…

…

Assistant channel

Channel 2

Channel 3

…

Channel 1

00.010.020.030.04

-200

-100

0

100

200

Time(s)

(a) System voltage with m=0.2

V

o

l

t

a

g

e

(

k

V

)

0510152025

0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

Harmonic order

(b) Harmonic spectra with m=0.2

H

a

r

m

o

n

i

c

c

o

n

t

e

n

t

(

%

)

simulationcalculation

00.010.020.030.04

-200

-100

0

100

200

Time(s)

(c) System voltage with m=0.6

V

o

l

t

a

g

e

(

k

V

)

0510152025

0

0.05

0.10

0.15

Harmonic order

(d) Harmonic spectra with m=0.6

H

a

r

m

o

n

i

c

c

o

n

t

e

n

t

(

%

)

simulationcalculation

Fig. 1 System voltage and harmonic contents

Note that “Fig.” is abbreviated. There is a period after the figure number, followed by two spaces. It is good practice to explain the significance of the figure in the caption. If your figure has two parts, include the labels “(a)” and “(b)” below the corresponding part of the figure. Then the figure caption should be “The significance of the figure: (a) the significance of (a) and (b) the significance of (b)”

Figure axis labels are often a source of confusion. Use words rather than symbols. As an example, write the quantity “Load,” or “Load L,” not just “L.” Put units in parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. As in Fig. 1, for example, write “Magnetization (A/m)” or “Magnetization (A

×

m(1),” not just “A/m.” Do not label axes with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, write “Temperature (K),” not “Temperature/K.”

Multipliers can be especially confusing. Write “Magnetization (kA/m)” or “Magnetization (103 A/m).” Do not write “Magnetization (A/m)(1000” because the reader would not know whether the top axis label in Fig. 1 meant 16000 A/m or 0.016 A/m.

For vector graphics, the preferred format is EPS; for halftones, please use TIFF format. MS Office files are also acceptable[12].

Do not use faint lines and/or lettering and check that all lines and lettering within the figures are legible at final size.

All lines should be at least 0.1 mm (0.3 pt) wide.

Halftones should have a minimum resolution of 300 dpi.(more information available at http://www.springer.com/40565 “Instruction for authors”)[13].

5 Helpful hints

Essentially, academic paper writing is as a form of problem-solving in which the writer, or the author, faces two main tasks: a) generating his academic ideas in language, and b) composing these ideas into a written structure to meet the need of readers and the requirements of the journal[14].

Generally speaking, writing a good paper in English requires the mastery of various skills. It requires language basis, grammatical accuracy and readability, so that relationship between words and sentences are clear, and understanding between reader and writer is made easier. Additionally, it requires vocabulary appropriate to the subject matter and to the level and tone of the paper. Finally, of more importance, writing a good academic paper requires a careful and well-planned structuring of ideas.

However, this Template is incapable to include everything you need to know to be a better writer. Given here are some useful language hints that should be an important part of resources for your paper writing.

5.1 Formal usages

( Use one space after periods and colons.

( Hyphenate complex modifiers: “zero-field-cooled magnetization.”

( Prefixes such as “non,” “sub,” “micro,” “multi,” and “"ultra” are not independent words; they should be joined to the words they modify, usually without a hyphen.

( Avoid dangling participles, such as, “Using (1), the potential was calculated.” [It is not clear who or what used (1).] Write instead, “The potential was calculated by using (1),” or “Using (1), we calculated the potential.”

( A parenthetical statement at the end of a sentence is punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.)

( Avoid contractions; for example, write “do not” instead of “don’t.” The serial comma is preferred: “A, B, and C” instead of “A, B and C.”

5.2 Some common mistakes

( The word “data” is plural, not singular.

( The word “alternatively” is preferred to the word “alternately” (unless you really mean something that alternates).

( Use the word “whereas” instead of “while” (unless you are referring to simultaneous events).

( Do not use the word “issue” or “question” as a euphemism for “problem.”

( Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones “affect” (usually a verb) and “effect” (usually a noun), “complement” and “compliment,” “discreet” and “discrete,” “principal” (e.g., “principal investigator”) and “principle” (e.g., “principle of measurement”). Do not confuse “imply” and “infer.”

( There is no period after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.” (It is also italicized).

( The abbreviation “i.e.,” means “that is,” and the abbreviation “e.g.,” means “for example” (these abbreviations are not italicized).

5.3 Abbreviations and acronyms

Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are used in the text, even after they have already been defined in the abstract. Abbreviations such as TCP/IP, ac, and dc do not have to be defined. Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they are unavoidable[15].

The abbreviation for “seconds” is “s,” not “sec.”

5.4 Units

Use SI not CGS as primary units. Avoid combining SI and CGS units. This often leads to confusion because equations do not balance dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, clearly state the units for each quantity in an equation[16].

( Use the center dot to separate compound units, e.g., “A·m2.”

( Indicate sample dimensions as “0.1 cm ( 0.2 cm,” not “0.1 ( 0.2 cm2.”

( When expressing a range of values, write “7 to 9” or “7-9”, not “7~9”.

Remember that an excellent academic paper needs to be composed by authors in good language! Undecipherable English is a valid reason for rejection! If your native language is not English, please get a colleague good at English or a native English-speaker to proofread your paper.

6 References and citations

Number citations consecutively in square brackets [1]. The sentence punctuation follows the brackets [2]. Multiple references [2], [3] are each numbered with separate brackets [1–3]. When citing a section in a book, please give the relevant page numbers [2]. In sentences, refer simply to the reference number, as in [3]. Do not use “Ref. [3]” or “reference [3]” except at the beginning of a sentence: “Reference [3] shows ... .” The conference cannot accept footnotes in its document; therefore, type the reference list at the end of the paper using the “References” style[17].

Please note that the references at the end of this document are in the preferred referencing style. Give all authors’ names; do not use “et al.” unless there are six authors or more. Use a space after authors' initials. Papers that have not been published should be cited as “unpublished” [4]. Papers that have been submitted for publication should be cited as “submitted for publication” [5]. Papers that have been accepted for publication, but not yet specified for an issue should be cited as “to be published” [6]. Please give affiliations and addresses for private communications [7].

Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for proper nouns and element symbols. For papers published in translation journals, please give the English citation first, followed by the original foreign-language citation [8].

7 Conclusion

Although a conclusion may review the main points of the paper, do not replicate the abstract as the conclusion. A conclusion might elaborate on the importance of the work or suggest applications and extensions[18].

Acknowledgment Use the singular heading even if you have many acknowledgments. Avoid expressions such as “One of us (S.B.A.) would like to thank ... .” Instead, write “F. A. Author thanks ... .” Sponsor and financial support acknowledgments are placed here such as “This work was supported by... .”

Appendix A

Table A1 The arrangement of channels

Channels

Group 1

Group 2

…

Group c

Main channel

Channel 1

Channel 2

…

Channel c

…

…

…

…

…

Assistant channel

Channel 2

Channel 3

…

Channel 1

Appendix B

d

d

i

iR

t

f

ww

=-

, i=1,2,…,Ng (B1)

d()

d

iR

imii

MPP

t

ww

-

=-

, i=1,2,…,Ng (B2)

0

iLi

PP

+=

, i= Ng+1, Ng+2,…,Ng+Nb (B3)

1357911

-0.5

0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Time (hour)

E

n

e

r

g

y

s

t

o

r

a

g

e

(

p

.

u

.

)

13151719212324

Natural gas storage (Scenario B)Electricity storage (Scenario B);

Actual wind power (Scenario A)Heat storage (Scenario B);

Estimated maximum wind power

Actual wind power (Scenario B);

Fig.B1 Day-ahead diversified storage operating schedules

v

d

s

(

2

0

0

V

/

d

i

v

)

i

D

o

(

5

A

/

d

i

v

)

i

D

1

(

1

0

A

/

d

i

v

)

Time(2 μs/div)

v

ds

i

Do

i

D1

Fig. B2 Experiment waveforms of high step-up converter adopting auxiliary capacitor (Vg = 45 V, Po = 300 W)

References

[1]Eftekharnejad S, Vittal V, Heydt GT et al (2013) Impact of increased penetration of photovoltaic generation on power systems. IEEE Trans Power Syst 28(2):893–901

[2]Saunders DS (1976) The biological clock of insects. Sci Am 234(2):114–121

[3]Slifka MK, Whitton JL (2019) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. IEEE Trans Smart Grid. doi:10.1007/s001090000086

[4]Slifka MK, Whitton JL (2000) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Dig J Mol Med. doi:10.1007/s801090000086

[5]Smith J (ed) (1998) Rodent genes. Mod Genomics J 14(6):126–233

[6]Brown B, Aaron M (2001) The politics of nature. In: Smith J (ed) The rise of modern genomics, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York, pp 234–295

[7]South J, Blass B (2001) The future of modern genomics. Blackwell, London

[8]Saito Y, Hyuga H (2007) Rate equation approaches to amplification of enantiomeric excess and chiral symmetry breaking. Top Curr Chem. doi:10.1007/128_2006_108

[9]Norman LO (1998) Lightning rods. US Patent 4,379,752, 9 September 1998

[10]Trent JW (1975) Experimental acute renal failure. Dissertation, University of California

[11]International Anatomical Nomenclature Committee (1966) Nomina anatomica. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam

[12]Wolf GH, Lehman P-F (1976) Atlas der Anatomie, vol 4/3, 4th edn. Fischer, Berlin

[13]Doe J (1999) Title of subordinate document. In: The dictionary of substances and their effects. Royal Society of Chemistry. Available via DIALOG. http://www.rsc.org/dose/title of subordinate document. Accessed 15 January 1999

[14]Healthwise Knowledgebase (1998) US Pharmacopeia, Rockville. http://www.healthwise.org. Accessed 21 September 1998

[15]Doe J (2000) Title of supplementary material. http://www.privatehomepage.com. Accessed 22 February 2000

[16]Doe J (1999) Title of preprint. http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/mydata.html. Accessed 25 December 1999

[17]Doe J (1999) Trivial HTTP, RFC2169. ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2169.txt. Accessed 12 November 1999

[18]ISSN International Centre (2006) The ISSN register. http://www.issn.org. Accessed 20 February 2007

(More reference style avaliable as follow...)

Author Biographies

First AUTHOR received the B.E. degree from Bangladesh

Institute of Technology, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, in 1998, ...

Second AUTHOR is the director of …

…

Reference Style

Number

Type

Example

1.

Journal article

Eftekharnejad S, Vittal V, Heydt GT et al (2013) Impact of increased penetration of photovoltaic generation on power systems. IEEE Trans Power Syst 28(2):893–901

2.

Inclusion of issue number (optional)

Saunders DS (1976) The biological clock of insects. Sci Am 234(2):114–121

3.

Journal article with DOI (and with page numbers)

Slifka MK, Whitton JL (2000) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. J Mol Med 78:74–80. doi:10.1007/s001090000086

4.

Journal article by DOI (before issue publication with page numbers)

Slifka MK, Whitton JL (2019) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. IEEE Trans Smart Grid. doi:10.1007/s001090000086

5.

Article in electronic journal by DOI (no paginated version)

Slifka MK, Whitton JL (2000) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Dig J Mol Med. doi:10.1007/s801090000086

6.

Journal issue with issue editor

Smith J (ed) (1998) Rodent genes. Mod Genomics J 14(6):126–233

7.

Journal issue with no issue editor

Mod Genomics J (1998) Rodent genes. Mod Genomics J 14(6):126–233

8.

Book chapter

Brown B, Aaron M (2001) The politics of nature. In: Smith J (ed) The rise of modern genomics, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York, pp 234–295

9.

Book, authored

South J, Blass B (2001) The future of modern genomics. Blackwell, London

10.

Book, edited

Smith J, Brown B (eds) (2001) The demise of modern genomics. Blackwell, London

11.

Book, also showing a translated edition [Either edition may be listed first.]

Adorno TW (1966) Negative Dialektik. Suhrkamp, Frankfurt. English edition: Adorno TW (1973) Negative Dialectics (trans: Ashton EB). Routledge, London

12.

Chapter in a book in a series without volume titles

Schmidt H (1989) Testing results. In: Hutzinger O (ed) Handbook of environmental chemistry, vol 2E. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 111-115

13.

Chapter in a book in a series with volume titles

Smith SE (1976) Neuromuscular blocking drugs in man. In: Zaimis E (ed) Neuromuscular junction. Handbook of experimental pharmacology, vol 42. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 593–660

14

OnlineFirst chapter in a series (without a volume designation but with a DOI)

Saito Y, Hyuga H (2007) Rate equation approaches to amplification of enantiomeric excess and chiral symmetry breaking. Top Curr Chem. doi:10.1007/128_2006_108

15.

Proceedings as a book (in a series and subseries)

Zowghi D (1996) A framework for reasoning about requirements in evolution. In: Foo N, Goebel R (eds) PRICAI'96: topics in artificial intelligence. 4th Pacific Rim conference on artificial intelligence, Cairns, August 1996. Lecture notes in computer science (Lecture notes in artificial intelligence), vol 1114. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 157-159

16.

Proceedings with an editor (without a publisher)

Aaron M (1999) The future of genomics. In: Williams H (ed) Proceedings of the genomic researchers, Boston, 1999

17.

Proceedings without an editor (without a publisher)

Chung S-T, Morris RL (1978) Isolation and characterization of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid from Streptomyces fradiae. In: Abstracts of the 3rd international symposium on the genetics of industrial microorganisms, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 4–9 June 1978

18.

Paper presented at a conference

Chung S-T, Morris RL (1978) Isolation and characterization of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid from Streptomyces fradiae. Paper presented at the 3rd international symposium on the genetics of industrial microorganisms, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 4–9 June 1978

19.

Patent. Name and date of patent are optional

Norman LO (1998) Lightning rods. US Patent 4,379,752, 9 September 1998

20.

Dissertation

Trent JW (1975) Experimental acute renal failure. Dissertation, University of California

21.

Institutional author (book)

International Anatomical Nomenclature Committee (1966) Nomina anatomica. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam

22.

Non-English, Latin alphabet publication cited in an English publication. NB: Use the language of the primary document, not that of the reference for "vol" etc.!

Wolf GH, Lehman P-F (1976) Atlas der Anatomie, vol 4/3, 4th edn. Fischer, Berlin

23.

Non-Latin alphabet publication cited in an English publication. Optional are the title of the publicaton in the original language (and alphabet) and an English translation, which are placed in parentheses when they are present.

Marikhin VY, Myasnikova LP (1977) Nadmolekulyarnaya struktura polimerov (The supramolecular structure of polymers). Khimiya, Leningrad

24.

In press

Major M (2007) Recent developments. In: Jones W (ed) Surgery today. Springer, Dordrecht. doi:10.1007/s801090000086

25.

Online document

Doe J (1999) Title of subordinate document. In: The dictionary of substances and their effects. Royal Society of Chemistry. Available via DIALOG. http://www.rsc.org/dose/title of subordinate document. Accessed 15 January 1999

26.

Online database

Healthwise Knowledgebase (1998) US Pharmacopeia, Rockville. http://www.healthwise.org. Accessed 21 September 1998

27.

Supplementary material/private homepage

Doe J (2000) Title of supplementary material. http://www.privatehomepage.com. Accessed 22 February 2000

28.

University site

Doe J (1999) Title of preprint. http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/mydata.html. Accessed 25 December 1999

29.

FTP site

Doe J (1999) Trivial HTTP, RFC2169. ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2169.txt. Accessed 12 November 1999

30.

Organization site

ISSN International Centre (2006) The ISSN register. http://www.issn.org. Accessed 20 February 2007

Received: 31 July 2012 / Accepted: 2 November 2012

Corresponding Author Name, E-mail

Other Author Name, E-mail

1. Affiliations/Institute, Address, Country

2. Affiliations/Institute, Address, Country

3. Affiliations/Institute, Address, Country

_1343660008.unknown

_1512225089.vsd

_1571149246.vsd

vds (200 V/div)

_1436254088.unknown

1357911-0.500.51.01.52.02.53.0Time (hour)Energy storage (p.u.)13151719212324Natural gas storage (Scenario B)Electricity storage (Scenario B);

Actual wind power (Scenario A)Heat storage (Scenario B);Estimated maximum wind powerActual wind power (Scenario B);

_1343659994.unknown

_1079260227.unknown